UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Using language 状语从句 语法串烧 我的发现 　　My classmate Jim studied very diligently after he went to senior high school①.Every day he worked until everyone else in my class left the classroom②.He said he wouldn’t stop trying unless he got satisfying scores in his studies③.Hard though he tried④，he made little progress.But he didn’t lose heart at all because he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day⑤.As time went by⑥，he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing at last.We had a get-together before we started our new life in university⑦.Everyone had got offers from universities，so we enjoyed ourselves⑧.When we stood where we used to play and study⑨，we couldn’t help thinking of our happy old days. ①after 引导时间状语从句； ②until引导时间状语从句； ③unless 引导条件状语从句； ④though引导让步状语从句； ⑤because引导原因状语从句； ⑥as引导时间状语从句； ⑦before 引导时间状语从句； ⑧so引导结果状语从句； ⑨where引导地点状语从句。 一、状语从句概述 状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。 二、状语从句的分类 状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。 三、状语从句的基本用法 (一)时间状语从句 1．when/while/as引导的时间状语从句 when when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。 We were about to leave when he came in. 我们正要离开，就在那时他进来了。 while while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。 While John was watching TV，his wife was reading books. 约翰在看电视的时候，他的妻子正在读书。 as as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”。 As we were going out，it began to rain. 当我们出门时，开始下雨了。 2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句 (1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly等 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy. 我舅妈苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 学生用书第82页 The students ran into the classroom as soon as the bell rang. 铃声一响学生们就跑进了教室。 (2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。 3．before，since引导的时间状语从句 (1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。 常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...“要过/过了……时间才……”；②It won’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...“要不了多久就/没过多久就……”。 If you miss this chance，it will be years before you get another one. 如果你错过了这个机会，那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。 (2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 As is reported，it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. 据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。 4．till/until引导的时间状语从句 主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可置于句首，而till不能。 It was not until the class was over that he began to talk with me. 直到下课之后他才开始跟我说话。 5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句 By the time you have finished this book，your meal will get cold. 等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。 ◎巧学活用1——单句语法填空 (1)Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu，all members of the Shenzhou XⅢmission crew，greeted students，teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3：54 pm. (2)NASA said in a statement it hopes the small orbiting instrument could help predict a volcanic eruption before an explosion happens. (3)You may already be familiar with this story since it spread on Weibo for weeks during the Spring Festival. (4)As the pace of life continues to increase，we are fast losing the art of relaxation. (二)让步状语从句 1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句 Although he is disabled，he still insists on finishing the task by himself. 尽管他身患残疾，但他仍然坚持独立完成任务。 Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 夜晚的空气虽然很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。 [名师点津]　(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。 (2)while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。 学生用书第83页 2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。 Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn’t get much exercise. 尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体状态很好。 3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句 “疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter＋疑问词。 However/No matter how hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 不管你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。 4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句 whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。该复合连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。 All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. 所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富ɪ还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。 ◎巧学活用2——完成句子 (1)虽然我想把我的想法充分地告诉他，但我没有这样做，因为我害怕会拖他的后腿。 Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully，I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back. (2)尽管我很惊慌，但我试图整理思绪，试图用尽可能简洁的方式解释当时的情况。 Panicked as I was，I attempted to collect my thoughts，trying to explain the situation in the way as concise as possible. (三)其他状语从句 条件状语从句 if，unless(如果不，除非)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that(条件是)，in case(万一)，supposing(假如)，provided/providing(如果) You will be late unless you leave immediately. 如果你不马上走，你将会迟到的。 He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture. 他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。 As/Since you were out，I left a message. 你不在，所以我留了言。 I found all the missing things where I had left them. 我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。 原因状语从句 because，as，since，now that，considering that (考虑到，鉴于) 目的状语从句 so that，in order that，in case (以防) 结果状语从句 so that，so...that...，such...that... 地点状语从句 where，wherever 方式状语从句 as(按照)，as if/as though(好像) 比较状语从句 than，not as/so...as... 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$