UNIT 1 Looking forwards 单元综合与提升-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（外研版2019）

单元综合与提升 ◎ 1．detective n. 私家侦探 2．complex adj. 复杂的 3．commercial n． (电视或电台的)商业广告 4．alternative n． 可供选择的事物 5．dilemma n． 进退两难的境地，困境 6．arise v． (由……)引起 7．circumstance n． 情况，情形 8．shift n． (工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间 ◎ 选用左栏单词的正确形式填空 1．She hired a private detective in an attempt to find her daughter. 2．Awkward and frustrated，we were stuck in this dilemma． 3．Under no circumstances should we give up our beliefs. 4．Occupied in preparing for my final exam，I have no alternative but to decline your invitation. ◎ 1．ambition n．追求，理想→ambitious adj.有雄心的；有野心的 2．correspondent n．通讯员，记者→correspond v．通信；符合，相一致→correspondence n．通信；来往信件 3．ultimately adv.最后，最终→ultimate adj.最终的 4．dot n．点，小圆点→dotted adj.有斑点的；星罗棋布的 5．admission n．允许进入(加入)→admit v．承认；准许进入 6．participation n．参加，参与→participate v．参加→participant n．参与者 7．symbolize v．象征，代表→symbol n．象征→symbolism n．象征主义 8．mixture n．混合；混合体→mix v．混合 9．affection n．喜爱，钟爱→affect vt.感动；影响 10．qualified adj.合格的，胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历→qualify vt.使有资格 11．fluency n．熟练，流利→fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地 12．sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的 ◎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．He has deep affection (affect) for China and doesn’t want to leave. 2．To gain admission (admit) into universities，you must take the college entrance exam given once a year. 3．This plant requires a muddy soil.Therefore a mixture (mix) of clay and sand is ideal. 学生用书第29页 4．①To become a qualified(qualify) volunteer，I have made good preparations in advance. ②Applicants who have passed the admission qualification(qualify) review will participate in the interview or written test. 5．①To work as a translator，you need fluency (fluent) in at least one foreign language. ②The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese，many of whom do not speak English fluently(fluent). 6．①We need to preserve the nature in our area and the preservation needs all the local people’s participation(participate). ②What really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants(participate) showed during the race. ◎ 1．take action 采取行动 2．in the face of 面临，面对 3．by contrast 相比之下 4．devote oneself to 致力于，献身于 5．in desperation 绝望地；拼命地 6．come one’s way 发生在某人身上 7．make up one’s mind 做出决定，拿定主意 8．pass up 放过，放弃，错过(机会) 9．put off 推迟……，使……延期 10．arise from 由……引起，因……产生 11．make the most of 充分利用 12．have second thoughts (对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑 13．reject...out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… 14．weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡 15．on a daily basis 每天 ◎ 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空 1．Our attitude in the face of life’s challenges determines our suffering and our freedom. 2．Some people believe that technology isolates us from each other.By contrast，others argue that it brings us closer together. 3．Actually I didn’t look for the job.It came my way． 4．We need more time to see how things develop before we take action． 5．The official urged the government not to pass up the opportunity that has now presented itself. 6．You’d better weigh up the advantages and disadvantages before you make the final decision. 7．I made up my mind to study harder rather than waste precious time on useless things，such as playing video games and chatting online. 学生用书第30页 ◎ 1．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 The next，our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future. 2．on/upon＋名词/doing sth一……就…… On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. 3．“特殊疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句 So，whatever twists and turns you might encounter，take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. 4．状语从句的省略 When reading The Road Not Taken，one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. 5．过去分词短语作状语 Presented with two job offers，for instance，we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. ◎ 1．当白雪公主醒来时，她发现自己躺在一个小房子里，被七个小矮人围着。 When Snow White woke up，she found herself lying in a small house，surrounded by seven dwarfs. 2．一听到她母亲受了重伤的消息，那个女孩抓起书包就跑出了教室。 On hearing the news that her mother was badly injured，the girl grabbed her bag and ran out of the classroom. 3．无论我们喜欢什么运动，“友谊第一”是我们的口号之一。 Whatever sports we are going to enjoy，“Friendship comes first” is one of our slogans. 4．当你练习书法时，你会感受到它带给你内心的平静。 When practicing calligraphy，you’ll feel the peace it brings to your mind. 5．如果给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得这么自私和淘气了。 Given more attention and caring，the child wouldn’t have become so selfish and naughty. 语法填空(加黑部分为本单元重点词汇) My biggest ambition in my boyhood was to be a correspondent and to be able to cover events around the world.To this end，I made up my mind 1.to study(study) hard and actively participated 2.in various activities organized by the school.Fortunately，I 3.was admitted(admit) to journalism major by a famous university.During my college life，I didn’t pass 4.up any chance to study and exercise，and tried to make myself a 5.qualified(qualify) journalist.However，on graduating，I was faced with two 6.alternatives(alternative).I was in 7.a dilemma because my girlfriend insisted that I go to a publishing house with her and that I write detective stories or 8.historical (history)novels to cater to the tastes of young people.In this 9.circumstances(circumstance)，I weighed up and made up my mind 10.to accept(accept) my girlfriend’s advice.After years of hard work，many of my works have been published and I have made great achievements in the field of literature. 学生用书第31页 Events start in honor of Peking Opera key stars Mei Lanfang，the legendary master of Peking Opera，is a household name in China.His contribution to the art form，his innovation in the development of the art form and the success he achieved in promoting Chinese art to the world will always be remembered. He was one of the first Chinese artists to introduce Peking Opera to an audience abroad，and many of his classic repertoires are still performed today.Peking Opera，also known as Jingju，was recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010.It brings together various disciplines such as singing，dancing，martial arts and acrobatics. Marking the 130th anniversary of Mei’s birth，a series of events was announced in the capital by the Jingju Theater Company of Beijing last month.The 90th anniversary of the birth of Mei Baojiu，Mei Lanfang’s son and a key inheritor of his art，is also being marked. According to Zhu Jia，deputy director of the Jingju Theater Company of Beijing，Mei Lanfang’s style of Peking Opera became known as Meipai，or the Mei School，and together with the Russian Stanislavsky System(utilizing emotional memory) and German Brecht System(emphasizing the suggestive) formed the “three performing systems of the world”． [词海拾贝] 1．legendary adj.传奇的 2．promote v．促进，推动 3．disciplines n．知识领域，学科 4．inheritor n．继承人 [阅读问答] 阅读文本，回答以下问题 Why did the Jingju Theater Company of Beijing hold a series of events last month? To celebrate the 130th anniversary of Mei’s birth and the 90th anniversary of the birth of Mei Baojiu，Mei Lanfang’s son. 读后续写之职业选择 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Whenever asked why I chose to become a doctor，I would always explain by telling the story of my adolescence (青春期). As a fresh graduate of high school，I found it difficult to choose a career path before college.In those days in Pakistan，there were limited choices：becoming an engineer，a doctor or a financial worker.I wasn’t interested in engineering，so that I was left with medicine or business.I couldn’t decide. My uncle suggested that I do a work placement (实习) to experience business for a month in an international company，and then medicine for another month in a hospital.After that，I could make a decision.It seemed like a good idea. I began a month’s placement at a foreign bank.I got to know the rules of financial world，made new friends，and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings. 学生用书第32页 The month passed rapidly，and soon I began working at a leading hospital.The experience couldn’t have been more different.The hospital had a stressful environment.The days started early at 7 a．m.，compared to 9 a．m.at the bank，and were filled with endless duties and the night calls! This was crazy，working all day，through the night，and again the next day. I began thinking about my two experiences.The bank had offered a more relaxing environment，better working hours and less stress while the hospital was full of excitement and difficult studying and training.It seemed that the business choice was going to win out. Near the end of my month at the hospital，I was driving home after an especially busy night call.In front of me was a public bus，with college students sitting on the top.As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic，I could see the boys shaking from side to side. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Suddenly，a boy fell off the back of the bus.________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ The next day，when I went to the hospital to see the boy，all his family got up，with grateful smiles on their faces._______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [读后续写四步曲] 第一步　通读全文，理清脉络 1．读要素，弄懂故事大意 本文大意：文章讲述了作者高中毕业时面临两个选择：从商或者从医。由于无法决定，作者在叔叔的建议下去银行和医院体验。 2．读人物，理清人物关系 I，my uncle，the boy 3．读时态，确定主体时态 一般过去时为主 4．读结构，了解叙述方式 第1段：“我”选择从医是源于一个故事。 第2段：我对自己的职业难以抉择。 第3段：叔叔建议我通过实习而做出选择。 第4－5段：“我”在银行和医院的实习。 第6段：“我”倾向于选择从商。 第7段：回家路上的经历。 5．读语言，把握语言特色 原文中的语言特色： (1)通过时间顺序叙述故事： As a fresh graduate of high school→I began a month’s placement at a foreign bank.→The month passed rapidly.→Near the end of my month at the hospital． (2)动作描写： As the driver weaved through (穿梭) traffic，I could see the boys shaking from side to side. 第二步　依据首句，构思框架 1．读懂两段首句 第一段首句译文：突然，一个男孩从公共汽车后面摔了下来。 第二段首句译文：第二天，当我去医院看男孩时，他的家人都站了起来，脸上挂着感激的笑容。 第一段框架：作者看到的紧急情况，以及作者做出的反应。 学生用书第33页 第二段框架：作者从这件事中得到的感悟以及对自己的职业做出的最后的选择：成为一名医生。 2．写好两个衔接句 第一段首句后的衔接句：He hit the road，face down and rolled over. 第二段首句后的衔接句：In excitement，they held my hands，with a lump in their throats. 3．写好一个结尾句 Driving home that evening，I decided on my career path，the one full of challenges and stress but also with more senses of satisfaction and pride. 第三步　增加细节，展开续写 基于第一段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节：突发事件(男孩被撞，倒地)→(没人理会)救助男孩(停车检查，并将男孩送往医院)→开车回家。 基于第二段的框架，我们可以补充以下细节：(男孩家人握住我的手，表示感谢)感到自豪(感悟救助生命伟大)→做出决定。 第四步　检查优化，整洁誊写 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly，a boy fell off the back of the bus.He hit the road，face down and rolled over.He lay still in the middle of the road as the bus sped away.None of the cars behind stopped.Thinking that he could die any minute，I stopped my car，rushed to him，and carefully examined his breath.With the help of some passers-by，I lifted the unconscious boy into the car and raced back to the hospital.After his family was contacted，and he was wheeled into emergency surgery，I drove home，exhausted but happy. The next day，when I went to the hospital to see the boy，all his family got up，with grateful smiles on their faces.In excitement，they held my hands，with a lump in their throats.Feeling their sincere gratitude，I was overwhelmed with a rush of pride.How incredible it was to help save the life of another person! I spent the rest of the day in a state of the most fabulous mood I had ever experienced.Driving home that evening，I decided on my career path，the one full of challenges and stress but also with more senses of satisfaction and pride. Last Resort 破釜沉舟 项羽带领手下所有兵马全数渡过黄河前去支援赵国以解巨鹿之困，在渡江以后，项羽命令手下的士兵把每只渡船都凿沉，摔破军中所有的锅，烧毁军营，只携带三日的粮食，表明决心，已示决一死战，决不后退。正是如此，全军带着向死而战的心来到了巨鹿之处，楚军最终大破秦军。 In China’s history，a troop won an important battle by breaking the cooking pots and sinking the boats.Toward the end of the third century BC，General Zhang Han of the Qin Dynasty led his army to attack the State of Zhao.The King of Zhao withdrew(撤退)to the city of Julu，and Zhang Han surrounded the city. 在中国历史上，有一支军队通过打碎炊具和凿沉船只赢得了一场重要的战役。公元前三世纪末，秦朝将领章邯率军攻打赵国。赵王撤退到巨鹿城，章邯包围了巨鹿城。 On learning that the King of Zhao was in danger，the King of Chu in the south sent his two generals Song Yi and Xiang Yu to rescue the King of Zhao.When they had gone halfway，General Song Yi refused to advance before a river.So Xiang Yu made a decision.He killed Song Yi and reported it to the King，who appointed Xiang Yu as the top general. 得知赵王有危险后，南方的楚国国王派两位将军宋义和项羽去营救赵王。当他们走到一半时，宋义却在河前按兵不动，于是项羽做出了决定，杀了宋义，并向国王报告了此事，国王任命项羽为上将军。 At this time，Xiang decided to lead all his soldiers across the river to win the battle.He sank the boats after crossing the river，destroyed his army’s cooking pots and set fire to their tents.He ordered his soldiers to take only three days’ food which was so little that they had to advance and win the battle because they couldn’t withdraw.Sure enough，the soldiers fought bravely and defeated Zhang Han’s troops and rescued the King of Zhao in the end. 此时，项羽决定率领所有士兵渡河作战以赢得这场战斗。渡河后，项羽命令士兵凿沉船只，打破煮食用具，烧毁军营，每人只带三天的食物，这些食物如此之少，以至于他们不得不前进并赢得战斗，因为他们无法撤退。果然，士兵们英勇作战，最终击败了章邯的军队，救出了赵王。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$