UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 3　The world meets China Section Ⅳ　Using language 状语从句 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 精研语法　巧点拨 2 课时测评 3 初识语法　品语篇 返回 语法串烧 My classmate Jim studied very diligently after he went to senior high school①.Every day he worked until everyone else in my class left the classroom②.He said he wouldn’t stop trying unless he got satisfying scores in his studies③.Hard though he tried④，he made little progress.But he didn’t lose heart at all because he believed as long as he persisted he would succeed one day⑤.As time went by⑥，he made improvements in his studies and he was admitted to a university in Beijing at last.We had a get-together before we started our new life in university⑦.Everyone had got offers from universities， so we enjoyed ourselves⑧.When we stood where we used to play and study⑨， we couldn’t help thinking of our happy old days. 我的发现 返回 ①after 引导____________从句； ②until引导____________从句； ③unless 引导____________从句； ④though引导____________从句； ⑤because引导____________从句； ⑥as引导____________从句； ⑦before 引导____________从句； ⑧so引导____________从句； ⑨where引导____________从句。 时间状语 时间状语 条件状语 让步状语 原因状语 时间状语 时间状语 结果状语 地点状语 精研语法　巧点拨 返回 一、状语从句概述 状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。 二、状语从句的分类 状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引导。 三、状语从句的基本用法 (一)时间状语从句 1．when/while/as引导的时间状语从句 when when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。 We were about to leave when he came in. 我们正要离开，就在那时他进来了。 while while引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。 While John was watching TV，his wife was reading books. 约翰在看电视的时候，他的妻子正在读书。 as as可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边……，一边……；随着……”。 As we were going out，it began to rain. 当我们出门时，开始下雨了。 2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句 (1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly等 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy. 我舅妈苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 The students ran into the classroom as soon as the bell rang. 铃声一响学生们就跑进了教室。 (2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。 3．before，since引导的时间状语从句 (1)before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。 常用句式：①It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...“要过/过了……时间才……”；②It won’t be/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...“要不了多久就/没过多久就……”。 If you miss this chance，it will be years before you get another one. 如果你错过了这个机会，那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。 (2)since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 As is reported，it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded. 据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。 4．till/until引导的时间状语从句 主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可置于句首，而till不能。 It was not until the class was over that he began to talk with me. 直到下课之后他才开始跟我说话。 5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，by the time等引导的时间状语从句 By the time you have finished this book，your meal will get cold. 等你看完这本书，你的饭就凉了。 ◎巧学活用1——单句语法填空 (1)Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu，all members of the Shenzhou XⅢmission crew，greeted students，teachers and other participants ________ the lecture started at 3:54 pm. (2)NASA said in a statement it hopes the small orbiting instrument could help predict a volcanic eruption __________ an explosion happens. (3)You may already be familiar with this story ________ it spread on Weibo for weeks during the Spring Festival. (4)______ the pace of life continues to increase，we are fast losing the art of relaxation. when before since As (二)让步状语从句 1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句 Although he is disabled，he still insists on finishing the task by himself. 尽管他身患残疾，但他仍然坚持独立完成任务。 Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 夜晚的空气虽然很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。 名师点津　(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。 (2)while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。 2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。 Tim is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn’t get much exercise. 尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体状态很好。 3．“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句 “疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter＋疑问词。 However/No matter how hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 不管你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。 4．whether...or...引导的让步状语从句 whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。该复合连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。 All people，whether they are old or young，rich or poor，have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. 所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富ɪ还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。 ◎巧学活用2——完成句子 (1)虽然我想把我的想法充分地告诉他，但我没有这样做，因为我害怕会拖他的后腿。 ___________________________________________，I failed to do so for fear that I would hold him back. (2)尽管我很惊慌，但我试图整理思绪，试图用尽可能简洁的方式解释当时的情况。 ________________，I attempted to collect my thoughts，trying to explain the situation in the way as concise as possible. Though I wanted to share my ideas with him fully Panicked as I was (三)其他状语从句 条件状语从句 if，unless(如果不，除非)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that(条件是)，in case(万一)，supposing (假如)，provided/providing(如果) You will be late unless you leave immediately. 如果你不马上走，你将会迟到的。 He had his camera ready in case he saw something that would make a good picture. 他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。 原因状语从句 because，as，since，now that，considering that (考虑到，鉴于) 目的状语从句 so that，in order that，in case (以防) 结果状语从句 so that，so...that...，such...that... As/Since you were out，I left a message. 你不在，所以我留了言。 I found all the missing things where I had left them. 我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。 地点状语从句 where，wherever 方式状语从句 as(按照)，as if/as though(好像) 比较状语从句 than，not as/so...as... 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter ________ I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)____________ I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo，I almost always get a questioning look. 3．(2023·全国乙卷)_____ it turned out，Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians. 4．(2023·全国甲卷)_______ first time we stayed there，we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us. where Whenever As The 5．(2023·全国甲卷)But when we looked at the tomatoes，we were worried ___________ they were so misshapen：not at all like the nice，round，shiny things you get in a supermarket. 6．(2023·全国甲卷)Those tomatoes had a taste that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow ________ I was a child. 7．(2023·全国甲卷)It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so ________ they can pack them easily. 8．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)It is ten years _________“Talk and Talk”was established. 9．(2022·全国乙卷)___________ you ride a bicycle，you don’t use petrol. 10．(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)________ you open the book，make sure that you are comfortable. because when that since If/When Before 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．尽管她尽力了，但她仍然无法避免作业中的错误。 _________________________________________________________________________，she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework. 2．你必须像我这样拿工具。 You must try to hold the tool _________. 3．万一我忘记了，请提醒我这次约会。 ________________，please remind me of the appointment. 4．那个男孩环顾四周，好像在寻找什么东西似的。 The boy looked around ________________________________. 5．让我很吃惊的是，她一读到这封信就突然哭了起来。 Much to my surprise，she burst into tears ___________________________. Although/Though she tries hard/Try hard as/though she does/Hard as/though she tries as I do In case I forget as if he was in search of something the moment she read the letter 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题3分，共12分) 根据括号内的汉语提示补全短文 William，a ten-year-old boy，has been considered as a little hero by the people around him since he helped to save a stranger’s life.One night，William was doing his homework at home when he heard someone crying for help outside.1._______________________________________________(虽然他不知道发生了什么事)，he rushed out of the house.He saw an injured woman lying on the ground.2.______________________________________________ (William一看到她身上的血)，he realised that she was seriously injured. William then called 911 without any hesitation.After that，William didn’t help Although/Though he didn’t know what had happened As soon as William saw the blood on her body the woman stand up 3.______________________________(以免她失血更多). William kept talking with the woman 4._________________________ (以便她保持清醒).After about fifteen minutes’ waiting，the ambulance finally arrived and took the woman away.The next day，William was praised by his parents and neighbours for his courage and calmness in the rescue attempt. in case she would lose more blood so that she could stay awake 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·湖北省恩施州高中教育联盟高二上期末) Have you ever had the urge to open a book and stick your nose straight into the pages? The smell of old books can refresh any book lover.We don’t know why，but it is just pleasant to us. Describing the smell can be a challenge.And mere adjectives will likely be of little use to future generations of historians trying to document，understand or reproduce the scent (气味) of slowly decaying (腐朽) books.Now，that task may have just gotten easier thanks to the Historic Book Odor Wheel. In one experiment，researchers asked visitors at the historic library to characterize the scents they smelled.All the visitors selected words like “woody”，“smoky”and“earthy”from the list and described the smell’s intensity and perceived pleasantness.In another experiment，the study authors presented visitors to the Birmingham Museum with eight smells—one of which was an unlabeled historic book scent and seven were non-bookish，such as coffee.chocolate，fish market and dirty clothes.The researchers then had those museumgoers describe the historic book smell.The top two responses：Chocolate and coffee.“You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，” study author Cecilia Bembibre says. The team even analyzed the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the book and the library.Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions，the researchers created the Historic Book Odor Wheel to document the “historic library smell”．Main categories such as “sweet/ spicy” fill the inner circle of the wheel；descriptors such as “chocolate/ cream” fill the middle；and the chemical compounds likely to be the smelly source，like furfural，fill the outer circle. The researchers want the book odor wheel to be a tool that “untrained noses” can use to identify smells and the compounds causing them，which could address conservators’ concerns about material composition and historic paper conservation.And hopefully，smells of the past can be reproduced in the lab someday and museums and historians can use it to reconstruct a past we can no longer smell. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于记录旧书气味的“气味轮”的诞生。研究人员通过在博物馆和图书馆组织游客进行气味感官描述， 并开展化学分析，创建了历史图书气味轮来记录“历史图书馆的气味”。 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段描述了我们对书籍气味的迷恋的现象。故选D项。 1．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A．A strange reading habit. B．Addiction to reading books. C．A dislike for smelling books. D．Fascination for smells of books. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘You tend to use familiar associations to describe smells when they are unlabeled，’study author Cecilia Bembibre says.”及第三段全段对于实验过程的描述可知，人们在描述未知气味时，倾向于使用熟悉的事物来展开联想。故选A项。 2．How do people usually describe unlabeled smells? A．By referring to familiar items. B．By using adjectives to label them. C．By linking them with food smells. D．By analyzing chemical components. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Using the data from the chemical analysis and visitors’ smell descriptions... be the smelly source，like furfural，fill the outer circle.”可知，“历史图书气味轮”的功能应是描述气味。故选A项。 3．What is the function of the “Historic Book Odor Wheel”？ A．To characterize smells. B．To store book smells. C．To collect history books. D．To test different scents. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，研究者们未来有望利用气味轮来保护历史材料文献，重现过去的气味。故选C。 4．What is the potential future application of the study? A．Creating a whole new scent. B．Sharpening sensory perceptions. C．Restoring smells of historic documents. D．Removing components of “old book smell”． √ Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·福建省漳州市高二上期末) Some years ago，the General Motors plant closed in our city，causing high unemployment.There was a feeling of 　1　 and depression.Our youth group decided to breathe some life back into our city by doing something 　2　. with no strings attached.We planned to buy $25 gas cards and some roses for people who might need some 　3　． Our teens had many interactions as they gave roses and the free gas cards to customers at a gas station.One interaction 　4　．Our boys spotted a young woman 　5　 her car at the gas pump.Instead of getting out，she began looking through her purse and under her seat 　6　．Then she put her hands and head on her steering wheel and began to 　7　．The students politely knocked on the window.Upon 　8　 the knock，the young lady wiped away her tears，tried to 　9　 herself and then rolled down the window.“Here’s a free gas card for you.”The young woman 　10　 the card，telling them she was a single mother out of job for long but was 　11　 about the job interview that she was on her way to.She broke down when she 　12　 that she would miss the interview for 　13　 of money to fill in the gas. “You guys make a 　14　 in my life.Thank you！” Tears of 　15　. streamed down her face as she began pumping her gas. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。经济萧条时期，青年小组决定给那些可能需要鼓励的人分发免费的加油卡和玫瑰花，文章讲述了在一个加油站为一个正要去面试但是车子没油却没钱加油的年轻女士提供油卡的故事。 根据上文“Some years ago，the General Motors plant closed in our city，causing high unemployment.”以及空后“and depression”可知，通用汽车工厂的关闭造成了高失业率，让人们感到难过和沮丧。故选B项。 1．A．security B．sadness C．embarrassment D．comfort √ 根据下文“We planned to buy $25 gas cards and some roses for people who might need some ________.”以及“Our teens had many interactions as they gave roses and the free gas cards to customers at a gas station.”可知，作者的青年团体决定做一些好事，给有需要的人免费送玫瑰和加油卡。故选A项。 2．A．nice B．romantic C．simple D．crazy √ 根据上文“Some years ago，the General Motors plant closed in our city，causing high unemployment.There was a feeling of ______ and depression.”可知，由于通用汽车工厂关闭，许多人因为失业而感到难过和沮丧，作者所在的青年团体计划买一些玫瑰和加油卡送给这些可能需要鼓励的人。故选A项。 3．A．encouragement B．guidance C．protection D．treatment √ 根据上文“Our teens had many interactions as they gave roses and the free gas cards to customers at a gas station.”可知，青年团体的孩子们在加油站给许多人送了玫瑰和加油卡；在下文中作者讲述了给一位年轻女士送加油卡的故事；由此可知，在众多送玫瑰和加油卡的互动中，和这位女士的互动尤其突出，让作者记忆深刻。故选D项。 4．A．carried on B．took place C．broke off D．stood out √ 根据下文“Instead of getting out，she began looking through her purse and under her seat ________．”以及“Tears of ________ streamed down her face as she began pumping her gas.”可知，这位年轻女士把车停在加油站为了加油。故选C项。 5．A．wash B．repair C．stop D．start √ 根据下文“telling them she was a single mother out of job for long but was ________ about the job interview that she was on her way to.”以及“She broke down when she ________ that she would miss the interview for ________ of money to fill in the gas.”可知，她现在在去面试的路上，因为车没油停在加油站，焦急地在钱包和车座底下找钱来加油。故选D项。 6．A．casually B．slowly C．secretly D．anxiously √ 根据下文“Upon ________ the knock，the young lady wiped away her tears”可知，这位年轻女士哭了。故选A项。 7．A．weep B．rest C．complain D．shout √ 根据上文“Then she put her hands and head on her steering wheel and began to ________．”以及“The students politely knocked on the window.”可知，这位年轻女士把手和头放在方向盘上哭了，听到有人敲车窗，摇下了车窗。故选D项。 8．A．taking B．answering C．recognizing D．hearing √ 根据上文“the young lady wiped away her tears”可知，她哭了，听到有人敲车窗，努力让自己平静下来。故选B项。 9．A．defend B．calm C．improve D．behave √ 根据上文“Here’s a free gas card for you.”以及下文“‘You guys make a ________ in my life.Thank you！’Tears of ________ streamed down her face as she began pumping her gas.”可知，这位年轻女士接受了孩子们送的加油卡，给自己的车加油。故选D项。 10．A．refused B．returned C．bought D．accepted √ 根据句中“she was a single mother out of job for long but was”以及空后的“about the job interview that she was on her way to”可知，尽管这位单身母亲失业很久了，但是她对要去参加的面试很乐观。故选C项。 11．A．puzzled B．cautious C．optimistic D．curious √ 根据上文“telling them she was a single mother out of job for long but was ________ about the job interview that she was on her way to”以及空后“that she would miss the interview for ________ of money to fill in the gas”可知，这位长期失业的单身母亲现在要去面试，当意识到自己要错过面试时，情绪崩溃哭了。故选B项。 12．A．announced B．realized C．confirmed D．emphasized √ 根据上文“Instead of getting out，she began looking through her purse and under her seat ________．Then she put her hands and head on her steering wheel and began to ________．”以及空后“of money to fill in the gas”可知，她在去面试的路上，但在钱包和车里都没找到钱加油，意识到自己将因为没钱加油而错过面试时，她情绪崩溃哭了。故选A项。 13．A．lack B．loss C．waste D．seek √ 根据上文“Here’s a free gas card for you.”以及下文“Tears of ________ streamed down her face as she began pumping her gas.”可知，这位年轻女子现在获得了青年团体的孩子们送的加油卡给车加油，可以按时去参加面试，因此，她非常感激，认为这些孩子们会影响她的人生。make a difference“有作用，有影响”符合语境。故选B项。 14．A．donation B．difference C．judgment D．commitment √ 根据上文“She broke down when she ________ that she would miss the interview for ________ of money to fill in the gas.”可知，她因为没钱加油即将错过面试而情绪崩溃哭了，现在有了加油卡给车加油，因此她流下高兴的泪水。故选C项。 15．A．pain B．pride C．joy D．regret √ Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·安徽省蚌埠市高二上期末) Ancient architecture in China stands out 1._____ its fine wooden structures， the elegant outside and beautiful decoration.To survive the frequent floods and other natural disasters，wood 2.______________(prefer) for most architectural structures in ancient China.China’s 3.__________ (tradition) wooden structures were quite complicatedly formed，sometimes without any nails! Apart from this，existing examples of ancient Chinese architecture are also 4.__________ (wide) praised for its elegant outlines and various features，such as overhanging eaves(屋檐)，upturned roof corners，and different 5.__________ (shape) of roofs.The unique outside not only satisfied a practical function，but for was preferred traditional widely shapes also made 6._____ possible for the buildings to have wonderful appearances. Architects in ancient China，7._____ paid special attention to decoration，used different colors or paintings according to particular building functions or local customs.Carved beams，painted rafters(椽子)，various patterns，carved boards and wall paintings were used 8._________(add) a colorful and beautiful style to the inside.9._____outside of buildings was decorated with stone lions，screen walls，decorative columns，as well as flowers.Many ancient buildings 10.__________ (design) by famous architects attract a number of tourists every year. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古建筑的特点和独特的外观等情况。 it who to add The designed 1．答案：for 考查介词。结合句意表示“因为”应用介词for。故填for。 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据后文in ancient China可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词之间是被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为wood，谓语动词用单数。故填was preferred。 考查形容词。修饰后文名词structures应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。 2．答案：was preferred 3．答案：traditional 4．答案：widely 考查副词。修饰动词praised应用副词widely，表示“广泛地”，wide作副词时表示“宽地”不符合语境。故填widely。 考查名词的单复数。shape为可数名词，由different修饰应用复数。故填shapes。 考查形式宾语。make后跟it作形式宾语为固定用法，短语make it possible for“使……成为可能”。故填it。 5．答案：shapes 6．答案：it 7．答案：who 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Architects，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who。故填who。 考查非谓语动词。表示“被用来做某事”短语为be used to do sth。故填to add。 8．答案：to add 9．答案：The 考查冠词。此处特指古建筑的外部，outside前应用定冠词the。句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语buildings之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填designed。 10．答案：designed 返回 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $$