UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language—Build up your vocabulary-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language—Build up your vocabulary ◎核心单词——练通 1．tales of adventure　　　　　　 冒险故事 2．a bond of friendship 一种友谊的纽带 3．pay more income tax 缴纳更多的所得税 4．a manned spacecraft 载人宇宙飞船 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extended adj.延伸的；扩大的；长期的→extension n．扩大；延伸 学生用书第72页 2．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n．谈判；协商→negotiator n．谈判者；磋商者 3．royal adj.王室的；皇家的；高贵的→royally adv.庄严地；隆重地→royalty n．王室；王权 4．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．职业运动员→professionally adv.专业地；内行地 5．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.& vi.(使)混合；调配→mixed adj.混合的 6．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover v．覆盖；报道 7．applaud vt.&vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声 8．migration n．迁移； 迁徙；移居→migrate v．移居；移动；迁移 9．withdraw vi.&vt.(使)撤回；撤离→withdrawal n．收回；撤回；戒毒过程 1．规律：-age是名词后缀，表示状态或结果，用于动词后变名词。 示例：cover v．覆盖；报道→coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围 pack v．打包 →package n．包裹 2．规律：后缀“-ure”通常用于构成名词，其含义通常是“状态、过程或结果”。 示例：mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物 failure n．失败　exposure n．暴露；接触　adventure n．冒险　manufacture n．制造 　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．a wine merchant 　　 一个葡萄酒批发商 2．a fishing fleet 一个捕鱼船队 3．behold a bright star 看见一颗明亮的星 4．the National Football League 国家足球联盟 5．the royal palace 皇家宫殿 6．the news on Channel 4 第四频道的新闻 7．a maritime museum 一座海洋博物馆 8．party politics 党派政治 9．an international golf tournament 国际高尔夫锦标赛 10．a laptop computer 一台笔记本电脑 11．escape from the submersible 从潜水器逃离 12．an underwater camera 水下照相机 13．a coral necklace 一条珊瑚项链 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．set sail 起航；开航 2．in a league of one's own 独领风骚 3．withdraw from 退出；撤回 4．reach out 拓展；伸出 5．in hand 在手头；可供使用 第二组　英译汉 6．for the benefit of 为了……的利益 7．from a...point of view 从一个……的角度来看 8．form the foundation of 形成……的基础 9．a strong passion for 对……的强烈热情 10．over the centuries 几个世纪以来 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　what引导宾语从句 教材原句　In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road(这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”). 2．句型公式　状语从句的省略 教材原句　Over the centuries，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century(正如8世纪时，杜环在《经行记》中所记载的那样). 学生用书第73页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长；伸展；提供；给予 vi.涉及(范围)；延伸(距离) (教材原句)A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). 一条跨越海洋的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸到以锡兰(现在的斯里兰卡)为中心的沿海地区。 (1)extend a deadline/visa　　　　 延长最后期限/签证 extend from... 从……伸出来 extend sth to sb 提供/给予某人某物 extend hospitality to visitors 热情款待游客 (2)extensive adj. 广泛的；大量的；广阔的 extendable adj. 可延长的；可延伸的；可延期的 extension n. 延长；延期；扩大；伸展；电话分机 练透——单句语法填空 (1)Students should be able to extend (extend) the logic of each to their particular circumstance. (2)Up to now，China has extended (extend) its influence in world affairs. (3)I have benefited a lot from extensive (extend) reading. 写美——完成句子 (4)由于收到了大量的请求，我们已决定将上交的截止日期延长到下周五。(应用文写作之通知) Due to the large number of requests，we have decided to extend the submission deadline until next Friday. negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商 (教材原句)Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. 在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚在一起洽谈贸易协议，也增进了对彼此文化的了解。 (1)negotiate with sb about/on/ over sth 与某人就某事交涉、协商、谈判 (2)negotiation n. 谈判；协商 练透——单句语法填空 (1)Since our contract is near its term，we must negotiate (negotiation) a new one. (2)They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation (negotiate). (3)I'll negotiate with their coach on the date of the match. 写美——完成句子 (4)人们看到这些人不知疲倦地谈判，试图达成和平解决冲突的方案。(场景情节描写) These people were seen negotiating tirelessly，trying to reach a peaceful resolution to the conflict. 学生用书第74页 withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离 (教材原句)Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.虽然中国在1433年以后就停止了进一步的海上探索，但这些陆上和海上路线在接下来的几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间进行交流的繁忙通道。 (1)withdraw from　　 退出，撤回 (2)withdrawal n. 撤退；退回；取款 练透——单句语法填空 (1)The back injury forced her to withdraw from competition. (2)The drug was withdrawn (withdraw) from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects. (3)He has made several withdrawals (withdraw) from his account recently. 写美——完成句子 (4)他决定退出争论，脸上带着一种沮丧和悲伤的表情。(人物动作神态描写) He decided to withdraw from the argument，his face a mixture of frustration and sadness. mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物 (教材原句)Reaching out across the sea is often a mixture of danger and boredom. 横跨大海往往既危险又无聊。 (1)a mixture of ...　　 ……的混合物 (2)mix vt.& vi. 混合；调配 mix ...with ... 把……与……混合起来 mix with sth/sb 与某物相融合/与某人交往 mix up 弄错；弄乱；混淆 mix ...up with ... 把……和……搞混 (3)mixed adj. 混合的 练透——单句语法填空 (1)Nancy's first reaction to the news was a strange mixture (mix) of joy and anger. (2)It's much better if you can sometimes mix business with pleasure. (3)He said he had mixed (mix) feelings about returning to land after floating so long at sea. 写美——完成句子 (4)当她读贺卡时，激动和幸福的泪水滴落在那些明信片上。(读后续写之情绪描写) When she read the cards，tears of happiness mixed with excitement fell onto those postcards. in hand 在手头；可供使用 (教材原句) Hundreds of years on，and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.数百年过去了，随着对最新技术的掌握，贸易的需要和加强关系的愿望将推动中国跨越海洋走向遥远的未来。 含有hand的其他常用短语 (1)当hand作名词时： at/on hand　 即将发生；在手边 by hand 用手工 hand in hand 手牵手；联手 give/lend sb a hand 帮助某人 on the one hand...on the other (hand)... 一方面……，另一方面…… (2)当hand作动词时： hand in 上交；提交 hand out 分发；散发 hand down 传给(后代) hand over 交出；移交 hand sth to sb 把某物递给某人 练透——单句语法填空 (1)In my opinion，research and teaching should go hand in hand. (2)To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at/in/on hand. (3)My washing machine is being repaired this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 学生用书第75页 写美——完成句子 (4)手中拿着地图，她自信地穿越茂密的森林，每一步都充满目的和决心。(人物动作之神态描写) With a map in hand，she confidently walked through the thick forest，each step purposeful and determined. 一、一词多义——channel n. A．航道 B．海峡　C．频道　D．通道　E．渠道，途径 1．I'm going to switch the TV channel to watch the news. C 2．Please keep the channel clear for emergency vehicles. D 3．The company sells its products through various distribution channels. E 二、熟词生义——阅读句子并在横线上写下加黑词的词性和词义。 1．He was released on $5，000 bond.n.保释金 2．The bank refused to extend credit to them.v.提供；给予 3．She's beginning to withdraw into herself.v.脱离(社会)；不与人交往　　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：what引导宾语从句 (教材原句)In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。 what引导的宾语从句放在介词或动词之后，从句中使用陈述语序。what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的”。 (1)表示“……的东西或事情”，相当于the thing that...；all that...；everything that...。 (2)表示“……的时间”，相当于the time that...。 (3)表示“……的人”，相当于the person that...。 (4)表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that...。 (5)表示“……的数目”，相当于the amount/number that...。 写美——完成句子 (1)老师正在解释是什么引起地球上四季的变化。(情节描写) The teacher is explaining what causes the change of seasons on the earth. (2)我们的家乡变化很大，它现在与几年前的样子完全不同。(场景描写) Our hometown has changed a lot，and now it is quite different from what it used to be a few years ago． 学生用书第76页 句型公式：状语从句的省略 (教材原句)Over the centuries，further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China，as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century.几个世纪以来，随着贸易的发展，中国西部地区得到了更多的探索，正如8世纪时，杜环在《经行记》中所记载的那样。 (1)句中“as recorded...”是“as ＋ 动词-ed形式”结构，它是as it was recorded的省略形式，其中as是连词。该省略结构可以在句中作状语或定语。 (2)仅当从句谓语和主句谓语一致时方可使用该省略形式。或从句主语是it，谓语动词是be动词时，可以把it和be动词一起省略。 写美——完成句子 (1)图中所示的这座桥真的很漂亮。(景物描写) The bridge as shown in the picture is really wonderful. (2)根据计划，我们要在明天早上8点在校门口集合。(应用文写作之通知) As scheduled，we will meet at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning. 维度一　品句填词 1．The old sailor told a gripping tale(故事) of his adventures on the high seas. 2．Competitors from around the world gathered for the annual chess tournament(联赛). 3．Maritime (海运的)trade played a crucial role in the economic development of coastal cities. 4．She carefully packed her laptop(笔记本电脑) in her bag before heading to the coffee shop to work. 5．I flipped through the channels on my TV，searching for something interesting to watch. 维度二　词形转换 1．The meeting was extended (extend) to allow for further discussion on the proposed changes. 2．The bonding (bond) experience of camping in the wilderness strengthened their friendship. 3．He added a dash of spicy (spice) sauce to his meal to give it an extra kick. 4．The majestic landscape beheld (behold) before them left them in awe of nature's beauty. 5．The negotiation (negotiate) between the two companies lasted for hours，but finally resulted in a mutually beneficial agreement. 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．她无法理解教授在解释什么。 (what引导宾语从句) She couldn't understand what the professor was explaining． 2．按照指示，任务已经完成得非常精确。(as状语从句的省略) As instructed，the task was completed with precision. 3．手上拿着所有必要的文件，他去开会了。(in hand) With all the necessary documents in hand，he proceeded to the meeting. 学生用书第77页 维度四　教材知识迁移 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1．Merchants (merchant) and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. In ancient times，silk from China found 2．its (it) way along what became known as the Silk Road，3.extending (extend)along the coasts of the Indian Ocean.Here，merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals，4.which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. Later，the Ming Dynasty sent seven large 5.fleets (fleet) to sail west on voyages of trade and exploration.Under 6.the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.Although China withdrew 7.from further expeditions after 1433，these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. To reach out across the sea 8.remains (remain) a strong desire today.The aim of the Belt and Road Initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and 9.strengthen (strength) the bonds between China and the rest of the world.China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes.China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.The need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China 10.to reach (reach) out across the sea far into the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$