UNIT 11 Section Ⅵ Writing Workshop & Reading Club-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅵ　Writing Workshop & Reading Club ◎阅读单词——识记 1．tobacco industry 烟草行业 2．a regular cigarette 普通香烟 3．drink alcohol 喝酒 4．the fear of obesity 害怕肥胖 5．tax increases 税款的增加 6．lay a carpet 铺一个地毯 7．break your ankle 扭伤脚踝 8．fried food 油炸食品 ◎核心单词——练通 1．①ban smoking 禁止吸烟 ②a ban on smoking 禁止吸烟 2．false information 错误的信息 3．loose clothing 宽松的衣服 4．①consider our request 考虑我们的请求 ②request a valuable opportunity 请求一个宝贵的机会 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．harm vt. 伤害 n．损害，危害→ harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的，不会导致损伤的 2．desirable adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的→desire n．欲望，愿望 vt. 渴望；要求 3．invest vi. & vt. 投资→investment n．投资 学生用书第72页 4．conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出→conclusion n．结论 5．beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的→benefit n．好处，利益 vt. 对……有好处，有益于 6．permanent adj. 永久的，长久的→permanently adv. 永久地 7．recovery n．康复，痊愈→recover vt. 恢复；康复；重新获得 8．greed n．贪欲，贪婪→greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．醒来，唤醒；活跃起来　 wake up 2．关掉 turn off 3．终于，最后 in the end 第二组　英译汉 4．get away from 避免，摆脱；逃离 5．take off 起飞；脱下；离开；突然成功 6．deal with 处理；涉及；与……做生意 ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　It is＋动词-ed形式＋that… 教材原句　… it is generally agreed that(人们普遍认为)a patient’s chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma. 2．句型公式　whatever引导让步状语从句 教材原句　Whatever you think(不管你怎么想)，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us. Ⅰ．核心词汇练全 ban vt. 禁止，取缔 n．禁令，禁止 (教材原句)In my opinion，we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. 在我看来，我们应该更进一步，禁止任何不健康产品的广告，如酒精和油炸食品。 (1)ban doing sth 禁止做某事 ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事 (2)a ban on… 禁止；一项关于……的禁令 put/place/impose/lift a ban on 颁布/取消禁令 单句语法填空/应用文写作之环境保护 ①Our school bans students from bringing cellphones to school，which has aroused a heated debate among students. ②China has declared a new rule to ban smoking (smoke) in enclosed public spaces. ③为了创造更清洁的环境，我们应该禁止到处乱扔垃圾。 To create cleaner surroundings，we should put a ban on littering everywhere. 学生用书第73页 harm vt. 伤害 n．损害，危害 (教材原句)Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. 毫无疑问，不健康的产品危害我们的健康。 (1)do… harm/do harm to… 对……有害 There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth (某人)做某事无害处 (2)harmful adj. 有害的；导致损害的 be harmful to… 对……有害处 (3)harmless adj. 无害的，不会导致损伤的 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As second-hand smoking is harmful (harm) and dangerous，people want a total ban against smoking in public. ②They don’t usually employ untrained workers，but there’s no harm in trying your fortune. ③如果使用不当，这种草药会对你有害。 →If used improperly，the herb will do harm to you. (harm n．) →If used improperly，the herb will do you harm. (harm n．) →If used improperly，the herb will be harmful to you. (harmful adj. ) conclude vt. 作出结论，推断出 (教材原句)To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 最后，法律禁止不健康产品的电视广告对社会是有益的。 (1)conclude from 从……中得出结论 conclude… with… 以……结束…… to conclude 最后 (2)conclusion n． 结论；结束 come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion (from) (从……)得出结论 in conclusion 最后，总之 bring … to a conclusion 结束…… [温馨提示]　表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：in short，in brief，in a word，all in all，to sum up，briefly (speaking)，in a nutshell等。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He drew the conclusion(conclude) by building on his own investigation. ②She concluded her speech with a funny story，which made the audience laugh loudly. ③He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. ④最后，活动取得了巨大成功，得到了师生的高度评价。 In conclusion/To conclude，the activity turned out to be a great success，which was highly thought of by both teachers and students. (观点总结) ⑤两人进行了讨论，并得出结论，有一天直升机会取代汽车。 The two men discussed and came to/drew/reached/got to/arrived at a conclusion that the helicopter would take the place of the car some day. 学生用书第74页 beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的 (教材原句)To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 最后，法律禁止不健康产品的电视广告对社会是有益的。 (1)be beneficial to　 对……有益 (2)benefit n． 好处，利益 vt. 对(某人)有用；使受益 benefit from 从……中受益 be of benefit to 对……有益处 for the benefit of 为了……的利益 单句语法填空/应用文写作之活动介绍 ①If we are able to make exercising our life habit，we will surely benefit from it both physically and mentally. ②If I am lucky enough to be elected，I will make every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club. ③你们来我们学校参加交流项目已经两周了，这让我们所有人都受益。 →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which has benefited all of us. (benefit vt. ) →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which has been of benefit to all of us. (benefit n．) →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange program，which has been beneficial to all of us. (beneficial adj. ) request n．& vt. 请求，要求 (教材原句)Staff at a famous company is used to dealing with requests for compensation following poor weather… 一家著名公司的全体员工习惯于处理恶劣天气后的赔偿要求…… (1)make a request for/that… 　 请求，要求…… at sb’s request＝at the request of sb 应某人的要求 (2)request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 request that… (should) do sth 请求…… It is requested that… (should) do sth 据要求…… [温馨提示]　动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之学校生活 ①The show was repeated at the request of the audience. ②You can talk to the robot，ask it questions，and make requests for it to perform different tasks. ③All the students are requested to attend(attend) the annual school celebration. ④我们的老师要求我们为考试做好准备。 →Our teacher requested us to be well prepared for the exam. (request v．) →Our teacher made a request that we (should) be well prepared for the exam. (request n．) →Our teacher requested that we (should) be well prepared for the exam. (request that… ) 学生用书第75页 Ⅱ．典型句式讲透 句型公式：whatever引导让步状语从句 (教材原句)Whatever you think，the compensation culture which has emerged in recent years is spreading，and it will affect all of us. 不管你怎么想，近年来出现的补偿文化正在蔓延，它将影响我们所有人。 (1)no matter＋wh-只引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，其含义相当于wh-ever，意为“不管，无论”，其位置可在主句前，也可在主句后。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Jordan said that no matter how it ends，it starts with hope. ②Whatever it is，the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions. ③So，whoever you are，thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out，but made her day too. ④不管未来的生活有多大的挑战，我都愿意勇敢地去拥抱它。 →No matter how challenging the future life is，I’d like to embrace it bravely. →However challenging the future life is，I’d like to embrace it bravely. 句型公式：动词-ing形式短语作状语 (教材原句)Terri fell into a coma when a heart attack robbed her brain of oxygen，causing permanent harm. 特丽因心脏病发作导致大脑缺氧，造成永久性伤害，陷入昏迷。 (1)动词-ing形式短语作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”的结果，它的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语，也可以是前边的整个句子，逻辑主语为前边的整个句子时，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 (2)动词不定式短语作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①More highways have been built in China, making (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. ②They, starving (starve) for information on what to add to their diet, don’t want to give up favorite foods. ③然后他慢慢地走向洞口，伸出手去抓住孩子的手，把他完全拉了出来。 Then he inched toward the hole and stretched out to seize the child’s hands, pulling him out completely. (动作描写) ④大火持续了将近一个月，几乎没剩下什么价值的东西。 The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable. 学生用书第76页 ◎ Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned? In many countries，there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion，we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. Undoubtedly[1]，unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. [2]The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries，it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition，drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases. If children see fewer advertisements on TV of people doing these activities，they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour. A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. [3] However，surely this is a false argument. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses，such as those that improve our environment. Furthermore，it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health. To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements for unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation. ◎ [学语言] 第一段直接表明个人观点，为后文论述指明方向； 第二、三段为文章的主体部分，论证了第一段提出的观点；通过使用副词作状语，It作形式主语，why引导定语从句以及that引导表语从句等说明自己的立场及观点； 最后一段总结观点，与第一段形成呼应。 [知结构] 第一部分：提出论点并表达自己的观点； 第二部分：解释原因； 第三部分：对所述观点进行总结。 [情景任务写作] According to the following description, please write an opinion essay. Theme Whether white lies should be told to patients with incurable diseases Positive Support telling white lies Negative Against telling white lies Personal opinion … [仿写程序步骤] 1．一仿结构布局合理 第一段：点明话题； 第二段：支持与反对的观点及理由； 第三段：个人观点。 2．二仿语言规范美观 (1)今天我们班就这个问题进行了讨论。 Today our class have a discussion about it. 学生用书第77页 (2)一些学生反对它。 Some students are against it. (3)一些学生坚持认为病人应该被告知他们疾病的真相。 Some students insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness. (4)他们可以根据自己的健康状况做出适当的决定。 They can make proper decision according to their health. (5)与上述观点相反，一些学生认为善意的谎言是可以接受的。 Contrary to the above belief，some students believe that a white lie is acceptable. (6)他们担心病人可能会失去希望。 They worry that patients may lose their hope. (7)他们被告知自己的病情。 They are told about their condition. (8)这会让情况变得更糟。 It will make the situation worse. (9)如果患者有坚强的生存意志和积极的态度，告诉他/她真相将有助于治疗。 If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude，telling he/she the truth will be helpful to the treatment. (10)如果病人的情况相反，我们最好不要这样做。 If the patient is the opposite，we had better not do so. 3．三仿句式高级表达 (11)用定语从句和状语从句合并句(2)、句(3)和句(4) Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness，so that they can make proper decision according to their health. (12)用同位语从句升级句(5) Contrary to the above belief，some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable. (13)用状语从句和定语从句合并句(6)、句(7)和句(8) They worry that once told about their condition，patients may lose their hope，which will make the situation worse. 4．四仿教材连句成篇 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： If a patient is suffering an incurable illness，should he or she be informed of the truth？Today our class have a discussion about it. Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness，so that they can make proper decision according to their health. Contrary to the above belief，some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable. They worry that once told about their condition, patients may lose their hope，which will make the situation worse. In my view，whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is. If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude，telling he/she the truth will be helpful to the treatment. But if the patient is the opposite，we had better not do so. [精彩素材积累] 1．开头常用句式 ①There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问，…… ②It is generally accepted/believed/acknowledged that… 人们普遍认为…… ③According to a recent survey, … 依照最近的一项调查，…… ④Recently we have had a heated discussion over… 最近我们就……展开了激烈的讨论 ⑤Currently there is a widespread concern over… 现在，人们普遍关注的问题是…… 学生用书第78页 2．主体段落常用句式 ①There is no denying the fact that… 不可否认，…… ②It is high time that we placed great emphasis on the improvement of… 到了我们重视改进……的时候了 ③There is no easy solution to the problem of… , but… might be useful. 对……这一问题，没有简单的解决办法，但……或许有用。 ④It is essential that effective measures should be taken to prevent the situation. 有必要采取有效措施来阻止这种形势。 ⑤It is suggested that great efforts should be made to control the growth of… 建议付出巨大的努力控制……的增长 3．结尾常用句式 ①From my point of view, I stand on the side of… 就个人而言，我支持…… ②As far as I’m concerned, I am in favor of former opinion to some extent. 就我而言，在某种程度上，我更倾向于赞同前者的观点。 ③From my part, I completely agree with the former/latter. 至于我，我完全同意前/后者的观点。 ④I hold a negative/positive view of… 我对……持反对/肯定态度 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$