精品解析：山东省济南西城实验中学2024-2025学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

济南西城实验中学 高一英语阶段性学情检测试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将二维码贴在答题卡指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers going to do? A. Wash a car. B. Take a flight. C. Buy some food. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hurry up! Mom and Dad are waiting outside in the car. W: Just a minute. I will take some food with us. I am not fond of the food on the plane. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Tourist and guide. C. Postman and customer. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】W: Excuse me. Where is the nearest post office? I need to mail a gift to my daughter. M: I’m not sure. I’m a tourist here, so I’m not quite familiar with the area. But if you wait a second, I’ll just look on my smartphone. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How many tickets for the tennis game do they have in total? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi Bob, Pad and I will go to watch the tennis game this evening. Do you want to come? M: Great! I know my brother really enjoys tennis. Can he join us? W: Well, I’m afraid I don’t have an extra ticket for him. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers probably talking about? A. The man’s job interview. B. The man’s mistake. C. The man’s future career. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】M: I’m so nervous and worried that I’m going to do something wrong. W: Just take it easy, Leo. I’m sure everything will be fine. M: I hope so. W: When you meet the boss, the most important thing is to look him in the eye and listen carefully. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think about the woman? A. She spends money wisely. B. She needn’t buy a new laptop. C. She is careless with money. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Why do you look so upset? W: I want to buy the latest laptop I saw in the department store, but I don’t have enough money. M: Well, if you had planned the spending of your money more carefully, you would be able to buy it. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Why does the woman apologize to the man? A. For canceling her travel plan with him. B. For poorly preparing for their travel. C. For putting off her job interview. 7. What will Harry probably do this weekend? A. Go to Thailand. B. Help Lily with her interview. C. Cancel his plan. 【答案】6. A 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Harry! I’m terribly sorry. M: Hi, Lily. What’s up? W: We’re going to Thailand this week. But I’m afraid I can’t make it. M: How come? W: I have a really important job interview, and I have to prepare for it. M: Then we can go there next week instead. W: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. But I can’t afford to lose the job. I hope you can forgive me. M: OK, then I’ll go there alone. But it’s really a pity that you can’t come. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How does the man usually overcome his fear? A. By walking. B. By shouting. C. By singing. 9. What did the woman do on the stormy night? A. She stayed up all night. B. She hid somewhere. C. She jumped on the bed. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Last night, I was walking through the park, and suddenly the lights went out. W: Oh, that would definitely frighten me. What did you do? M: I walked quickly and started to sing softly to myself. W: Why did you sing? M: Whenever I feel frightened, it always makes me feel better. Luckily, I heard my dad shout to me at the gate. W: I remember once I was terrified during a big storm. I stayed under my bed. M: Did you feel better then? W: I guess so. I fell asleep. When I woke up in the morning, I jumped up and hit my head hard on the bottom of the bed. M: Oh, you forgot you weren’t on the bed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What size does the man probably wear? A. Size 39. B. Size 40. C. Size 41. 11. Which color would the man probably like the most? A. Gray. B. Blue. C. Black. 12. What do you know about the darker suit? A. It is made of an expensive material. B. It doesn’t match the man’s skin. C. It is a little tight in the collar. 【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: May I help you, sir? Come in and have a look. M: OK. I’d like to look at some suits. I’ll be attending a big conference this coming week. W: All right. This way, please. What size do you wear? M: I’m not sure. I was wearing size 40 just a few months ago, but I’ve gained some weight recently. All my trousers are not suitable. And I’d especially like something in blue. W: How about this one? M: It feels quite nice. But I’d like it better if it were a bit darker. This seems too light for winter. W: All right. Let me show you something darker then. How about this suit? M: The material is quite nice, but it seems a little tight in the collar. W: Hmm, please try on this jacket. I think the design is better, and the color is suitable for you. M: Yes, that’s wonderful. I like it so much. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Why is the man tired? A. He has been studying. B. He has been tidying up his apartment. C. He has been at work all day. 14. What is Mary now? A. A student. B. A bank clerk. C. A university professor. 15. What kind of person is the man looking for? A. A tutor. B. A repairman. C. A cleaner. 16. What will the woman probably do after the conversation? A. Give her friends a call. B. Visit the man’s new apartment. C. Give the man her friend’s number. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【原文】W: You look a bit tired, Ted. M: Well, we just moved into a new apartment last weekend. And we’ve been unpacking and cleaning. W: Oh, that can be tiring. M: Yes, especially since I work all day, and Mary’s in school full-time now. W: Doesn’t your wife work at a bank? M: She did, but she was accepted this fall at Harvard, so she’s taking some time off to get a master’s degree. W: Good for her. M: By the way, do you know of anyone who does repair work? We’re looking for someone to repair our kitchen and bathroom. I hope the cost is reasonable. W: I’ve got a friend who is a good repairman. He’d be able to do a super job on your apartment. M: Oh, I’d really like to talk to him. W: I’m not sure if he can do it right away, though. But I will give you his number, and you can give him a call yourself. M: Thanks. It’s certainly worth a try, and if he can’t do it himself, he can put me in touch with someone who can. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. When will the Student Welfare Office open tomorrow? A. From about 8 am to 4 pm. B. From about 9 am to 8 pm. C. From about 4 pm to 8 pm. 18 What benefit can students get with university identity cards? A. Free textbooks. B. Book sale entry. C. Discounts at some local shops. 19. Where will the book sale be held next week? A. In the library. B. In the canteen. C. In the Student Welfare Office. 20. What does the speaker advise students to do? A. Sign up for the cookery course. B. Get books on the reading list ready. C. Eat at the university canteen. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Welcome to our university. Here is some information that may be useful to you. The Student Welfare Office is normally open from 4 p. m. till 8 p. m., Monday to Friday. Today and tomorrow, it will be open from about 9 a. m. If you have any problems, the teachers and volunteers there will help you. We also give out university identity cards that you will need to join the library. And they will allow you to get discounts at a number of local shops and places of entertainment, such as clubs and cinemas. On Monday and Tuesday of next week, second-year students will be running a book sale in the canteen from 10 a. m. to 3 p. m. Many of the books on your first-year reading list will be available, and we suggest you should look there first before spending too much on new books. The university canteen opens from 7:30 a. m. to 7:30 p. m., selling hot meals, fairly cheap. There is a basic cookery course starting next week. If you don’t know how to boil an egg, this is for you. It’s always full, so get your name on the list in the Welfare Office now! 第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion（凝聚力）, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US. Gotham Greens Where: New York Chicago What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100, 000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn't just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students Where: Baltimore, Maryland What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food. ReVision Urban Farm Where: Boston, Massachusetts What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home—a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm's fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty. Swale Where: New York What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship. 21. What does the BUGS program mainly do? A. Provide job training for students. B. Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food. C. Create a sustainable garden on a large boat. D. Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables. 22. Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty? A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students. C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale. 23. Where can citizens go to see a food forest? A. Chicago. B. Baltimore. C. Boston. D. New York. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们为种植可持续粮食提供绿色空间，建立社区凝聚力(凝聚力)，结交新朋友，与地球相连，等等。本文主要介绍了美国4个城市花园。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs.（巴尔的摩城市园艺与学生(BUGS)项目鼓励学生们通过课后和暑期项目亲自动手种植蔬菜。）”可知，BUGS这个项目主要是让学生们课后种植蔬菜。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.（该组织还提供职业培训，帮助家庭摆脱贫困的循环。）”可知，ReVision Urban Farm能够帮助人们脱离贫困。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的第一句“Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food.（Swale是一个位于一艘大船上的漂浮食物森林，这是一个创新项目，旨在启发市民重新思考我们的城市和食物之间的关系。）”以及“. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship.”（食物林是可持续发展的花园，包括蔬菜、水果、坚果树、灌木、草本植物和葡萄藤，每一种都以共生关系相互补充）可知，位于纽约的Swale是一个食物森林。故选D项。 B Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events. The writer was born in a refugee camp (难民营) for Afghans in Peshawar, Pakistan, and his family moved to California when he was just a year old. At home, they spoke mostly Pashto and some Farsi, so by the time he reached first grade, he was at a total loss because he could hardly speak English. Then came Mrs. Lung, who quickly realized that Kochai was deeply struggling at Alyce Norman Elementary School. The two got to work, meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. At the end of the school year, Kochai won reading-comprehension competitions. Lung and Kochai lost touch when Kochai’s father got a job in another city and the boy moved on, with a new love of reading and writing. When he grew older, Kochai’s parents encouraged him to find his former teacher to thank her. But despite his efforts, he failed to track her down. “I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said. Then, while promoting his first novel, he wrote an essay for Literary Hub magazine touching on the transformative impact that Lung had on his life. Lung’s doctor happened to read it, and told the now-retired educator about that. Lung’s husband saw a Facebook post about Kochai’s reading event on Saturday in Davis, California and suggested he drive his wife there. “I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream. Mrs. Lung was sitting in the front row. She was just the same Mrs. Lung. Just as sweet, kind and warm as ever.” Kochai and Lung hugged, and Kochai finally got the chance to express to her how much he still thought of her and how much she meant to him. 24. How did Mrs. Lung help Kochai? A. By dropping by his house regularly. B. By asking him to read more in class. C. By spending extra time tutoring him. D. By saving him out of a refugee camp. 25. Why did Kochai have difficulty finding Mrs. Lung? A. There were few records about her. B. His parents provided little support. C. He was too young to remember her. D. He had limited information about her. 26. How did Kochai feel when seeing Mrs. Lung at his reading event? A. Surprised and delighted. B. Shocked and angry. C. Ashamed and regretful. D. Proud and grateful. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. A Distinguished Guest Showed Up at a Reading Event B. A Writer Was Finally Reunited With His Former Teacher C. A Famous Teacher Saved a Poor Student’s Whole Life D. A Book Changed a Celebrity and a Retired Teacher 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。《洛加尔的99夜》的作者Jamil Jan Kochai小学时期在学习上遇到了困难，幸好得到了一位热心教师Susan Lung的帮助。在老师的帮助下，他走出了困境并爱上了阅读和写作。但是后来Jamil Jan Kochai与老师失去了联系。Jamil Jan Kochai一直坚持寻找他的恩师并想向她表达感激之情，二十多年后，昔日的师生二人最终得以再次相见。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段首句“The two got to work, meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. (两人开始工作，几乎每天放学后都一对一地上课。)”可知，Mrs. Lung通过额外花时间辅导Kochai来帮助他。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段““I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said. (“我不知道她名字。对我来说，她一直只是Mrs. Lung，所以当我打电话询问她的情况时，他们找不到她的任何记录，”Kochai说。)”可知，Kochai多次寻找Mrs. Lung未果是因为他知道的关于Mrs. Lung的信息有限，不足以帮助他找到Mrs. Lung。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句““I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream.” (“我不知道他们会在那里，”Kochai说。“就像一场美梦。”)”可知，Kochai在自己的读书活动会上看到Mrs. Lung的时候感到惊讶和高兴。故选A。 【27题详解】 标题判断题。根据第一段“Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events. (《洛加尔99夜》的作者Jamil Jan Kochai花了十多年时间寻找Susan Lung——20多年前改变了他生活的二年级教师。周六晚上，两人终于在他的一场读书会上重逢。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一位作家与他的恩师最终再次相见的感人故事。故选B。 C At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, William Bertozzi, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi. “And then he called my sisters for me. One of my sisters and my dad watched it live.” Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry, a set of chemical reactions that allow researchers to study molecules (分子) and their interactions in living things without involving natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors (肿瘤). “I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Being a crown jewel in chemistry, her work has had outstanding real-world impact. The research achievements have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.” “They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table. By 3 a.m., Bertozzi had nearly three dozen voicemails. “This is how it’s going to be all day. This is insane,” she said. “Maybe I should cancel meetings.” Pausing between interviews about two hours later to check her messages, Bertozzi said, “My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!” 28. Why was a call made to Bertozzi at midnight? A. To warn her of some emergency. B. To prepare for a meeting. C. To inform her of winning the prize. D. To collect things to visit her relatives. 29. What does Bertozzi’s lab use the new methods to do? A. Develop a new drug for cancer. B. Produce more nutritious sugars. C. Separate biology from chemistry. D. Find cures for infectious diseases. 30. What does the underlined part “a crown jewel” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. The king’s treasure. B. The universal focus. C. The most complex part. D. The most valuable breakthrough. 31. What kind of person is Bertozzi? A. Courageous and quiet. B. Creative and generous. C. Pioneering and humorous. D. Wise and hard-working. 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了在深夜诺贝尔委员会代表的电话叫醒了贝托齐，告诉她获得诺贝尔化学奖的事迹。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.”(凌晨1点43分，一位诺贝尔委员会代表的电话叫醒了贝托齐，这位代表透露了这一重大消息，并告诉她：“你有50分钟的时间整理自己，等待生活发生变化。”)”及第四段““I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne.(斯坦福大学校长Marc Tessier-Lavigne说：“贝托齐获得诺贝尔化学奖，我太高兴了。”)”可知，半夜打电话给Bertozzi是为了告诉她获奖的消息。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors.(贝托齐的实验室一直在使用新方法来回答关于糖在生物学中作用的基本问题，解决实际问题，例如开发更好的传染病测试，以及创造一种可以更好地靶向肿瘤的新药物)”可知，贝托齐的实验室使用新方法来开发一种治疗癌症的新药。故选A。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems.(在生物正交化学领域的开创中，Bertozzi发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，这一方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解)”及后文“her work has had outstanding real-world impact(她的工作对现实世界产生了杰出的影响)”可知，Bertozzi发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，这一方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解，所以她的工作是最有价值的突破，划线词a crown jewel表示“最有价值的突破”。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems.(在生物正交化学领域的开创中，Bertozzi发明了一种研究生物分子过程的新方法，这一方法帮助世界各地的科学家对生命系统中的化学反应有了更深入的了解)”可知，Bertozzi是生物正交化学领域的先锋；根据文章倒数第二段““They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table.(“他们打电话来，我还没醒……星巴克还没开门呢，”她穿着睡衣坐在厨房的桌子上大声说道)”及最后一段“My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!(我的家人已经在订去斯德哥尔摩的机票了。这是惊人的。继续睡觉)”可知，Bertozzi在言语上很幽默。故选C。 D Habitat loss, hunting, logging and climate change have put many large species on the planet at risk. A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth. Results showed that the continued loss of large animals alone would lead to a 44% reduction in the total amount of wild animal biomass on the planet. It would also lead to a 92% reduction in soil fertility (肥沃), which supports the ability of the earth to grow plants and sustain life. “This research shows there are fundamental scientific principles that explain why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth,” said lead author Brian Enquist. “Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem.” A key reason for these results lies with the transport of nutrients(养分). When large animals eat in one location and defecate(排便)in another, they transport nutrients, often moving them from nutrient-rich areas to other, less fertile parts of the land and oceans. Similarly, the largest trees are the most productive, and contain more nutrients and carbon. “Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services,” Enquist said. “The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. If they failed, they would have a big negative impact on economy. It’s a similar principle with large species across ecosystems.” Unfortunately, these large organisms are more likely to be harmed by human pressures and climate change and take longer to recover from shocks, making them endangered species. The findings help to answer an ongoing debate about where to channel limited conservation resources. While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species. “Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes,” Enquist said. 32. Which of the following is the result of “umbrella effect” talked about in the text? A. Large species are protected. B. Other species are protected as well. C. Large plants become more productive. D. More large animals transport nutrients. 33. In what way are large species similar to large banks? A. In their large sizes. B. In the economic impact. C. In their vital roles in their systems. D. In their ways to deal with problems. 34. What do the last two paragraphs focus on? A. Conservation concerns for all large species. B. Donations to conservation of large species. C. Conservation resources for endangered species. D. Debate about how to use conservation resources. 35. What can be concluded from the new study? A. More large species are needed on the planet. B. Saving large species is saving all life on Earth. C. Urgent action is needed to protect endangered species. D. Protecting large species’ habitat is key to saving them. 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，不仅大型植物和动物面临更高的灭绝风险，而且它们的消失将从根本上影响地球上的生命。大型动植物对整个地球的生态系统起着非常重要的作用。保护好大型动植物，就是保护好地球。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth (为什么大型动物和树木对地球上所有生命的健康和完整至关重要)”以及“Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem (保护大型物种确实对保护更广泛的生态系统具有保护伞效应)”此处指我们在保护某种动物的同时，也保护了与该种动物处于同一生态系统的其它生物。可知文章中提到的“保护伞效应”的结果是其他物种也受到保护，故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services (拥有更大树木和动物的生态系统也更有生产力，提供了更重要的生态服务)”以及“The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. (经济中最大的银行和公司是生产力最高的，对经济影响最大的。如果它们失败，将对经济产生巨大的负面影响)”可知大型物种大型银行相似的方面是在他们的系统中扮演着至关重要的角色，故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。文章倒数第二段讲到“While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species. (虽然老虎或红木等一些物种在历史上最具吸引力，因此能够有效地吸引捐款，但一些科学家担心，对某一物种的关注可能会以保护其他不太受欢迎的物种为代价。)”以及最后一段“Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes (我们的研究结果反而指出了强调推广所有大型树木和动物的政策的重要性，因为这些政策将对生物多样性和生态系统进程产生巨大影响。)”可知最后两段重点是所有大型物种的保护问题，故选A。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍了一项新的研究发现，不仅大型植物和动物面临更高的灭绝风险，而且它们的消失将从根本上影响地球上的生命。大型动植物对整个地球的生态系统起着非常重要的作用。保护好大型动植物，就是保护好地球。文章第一段讲到“A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth. (一项新的研究发现，不仅大型植物和动物面临更高的灭绝风险，而且它们的消失将从根本上影响地球上的生命。)”可知从新研究中可以得出的结论是拯救大型物种就是拯救地球上的所有生命，故选B。 第二节（共五小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 At some point in our lives, we all need to influence and encourage others, including our team at work, friends and family, or club members. Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things. ___36___ It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others. ___37___ People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. This doesn't mean that you have to be perfect; it means you're willing to put in the hard work to achieve your goals. Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others. ___38___ People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message. Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and honest. Trust is a necessary part of any relationship, and it's important in a leader- follower relationship. If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them. ___39___ Remain calm and patient during difficult conversations. Difficult conversations are an unavoidable part of life. If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations. ___40___ Instead, keep an open mind, listen to what other people are saying and respect their point of view. A. Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation. B. Be a good role model and lead by example. C. Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere. D. Improve your active listening skills. E. However, being a good leader isn't always easy. F. This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word. G. Remember you only have a few seconds to make a first impression. 【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. F 40. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何成为一个好的领导者这一主题，提出了几个建议，从而帮助读者理解如何影响和鼓励他人，包括在工作中领导团队、与朋友和家人相处，以及在俱乐部等组织中发挥作用。 【36题详解】 根据空前内容“Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things.(领导他人是一项宝贵的技能，可以帮助你取得伟大的成就)”可知，良好的领导能力是一项宝贵的技能。选项E“However, being a good leader isn't always easy.(然而，成为一个好领导并不总是那么容易)”与上文内容形成转折，指出良好的领导能力固然很重要，但是成为一个好领导并不容易。与下文“It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others.(这需要练习。有一些影响和鼓励他人的好方法)”相一致，起到了承上启下的作用，既承接了前文领导的好处，又引出后文提到的需要练习和有好方法。故选E。 【37题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. (如果人们看到你践行了你所说的价值观，他们就更有可能听从你的领导。如果你想鼓励别人做到最好，你需要树立榜样，践行你所说的话)”可知，下文强调领导要以身作则，树立榜样。选项B“Be a good role model and lead by example.(做一个好榜样，以身作则)”是本段内容的概括，与本段内容相符。故选B。 【38题详解】 根据空前内容“Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others.(给予真诚的赞美。你知道这句话，‘重要的不是你说什么，而是你怎么说。’在鼓励他人方面也是如此)”可知，我们应该给予真诚的赞美。选项C“Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere.(如果你是真诚的，你的话会更有分量)”是上文内容的延续，指出如果我们的话是真诚的，我们所说的话也更有重量，从而引出下文内容“People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message.(人们能感觉到你是否真诚，他们更有可能对你的信息做出积极的回应)”。故选C。 【39题详解】 根据空前内容“If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them.(如果你想让人们信任你，你应该学会对他们坦诚和诚实)”可知，作者建议我们要坦诚和诚实。选项F“This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word.(这包括公开你的目的和信守你的承诺)”进一步解释了坦诚和诚实应该包括哪些内容，与前文内容一致。故选F。 【40题详解】 根据空前内容“If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations.(如果你想成为一个好领导，在这些对话中保持冷静和耐心是很重要的)”可知，作者建议我们在对话中要保持冷静和耐心。选项A“Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation.(变得恼怒只会让情况变得更糟)”是上文内容的延续，指出在对话中要保持冷静，拥有耐心，因为恼怒只会让情况变得更糟。故选A。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ___41___ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ___42___ than the common people. He responded that it all came from an ___43___ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came into the kitchen, ___44___ punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk.Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___45___ we clean it up?” Though he was surprised, he ___46___ it. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, ___47___ you’ll have to clean it up and put back everything to its proper ___48___. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ___49___?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk. His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ___50___ the bottle with water and see whether you can ___51___ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he ___52___ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful ___53___! It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ___54___. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ___55___ for learning something new. 41. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed 42. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable 43. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience 44. A. except for B. instead of C. as well as D. along with 45. A. before B. after C. when D. since 46. A. did B. refused C. quit D. feared 47. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. quickly 48. A. value B. role C. shelf D. order 49. A. find B. mention C. prefer D. accept 50 A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. clean 51. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve 52. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held 53. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action 54. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions 55. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个成功的科学家被问及为何比普通人有创造力，他回忆了自己小时候打翻牛奶瓶时，妈妈不仅没有责备他，还通过这个机会让他学会了从错误中学习的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位报社记者采访了他，问他为什么能比普通人更有创造力。A. praised表扬；B. interviewed采访；C. celebrated庆祝；D. discussed讨论。由下文“a newspaper reporter”可知，这里指一位科学家被记者“采访”。故选B项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位报社记者采访了他，问他为什么能比普通人更有创造力。A. famous著名的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. creative有创造力的；D. respectable可敬的。由上文“made several important medical discoveries”可知，这位科学家是非常“有创造力的”。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回答说，这一切都来自他小时候与母亲的一次经历。A. invention发明；B. experiment实验；C. idea想法；D. experience经验、体验。由下文“He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor.”以及后文的内容可知，这里指科学家小时候与母亲的一次“经历”。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查介词词组辨析。句意：当他妈妈走进厨房时，她没有惩罚他，她说“罗伯特，你搞得一团糟！”我很少看到这么多牛奶。A. except for除了；B. instead of而不是；C. as well as以及；D. along with随着。由下文“what a great and wonderful mess you have made!”以及语境可知，这里指科学家妈妈表扬他“而不是”惩罚他。故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在我们清理牛奶之前，你愿意下来在牛奶里玩几分钟吗？ A. before在...之前；B. after在...之后；C. when当；D. since自从。由下文“we clean it up”以及语境可知，这里指在清理牛奶“之前”可以在里面玩几分钟。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他很惊讶，但他还是照母亲说的做了。A. did做；B. refused拒绝；C. quit退出；D. feared害怕。由上文“Though he was surprised”以及语境可知，虽然科学家很惊讶母亲说的话，但还是照母亲说的“做”了，即在牛奶里玩。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你知道吗，罗伯特，每当你弄得一团糟，最后你都必须把它清理干净，把一切恢复到应有的状态。A. gradually逐渐地；B. patiently耐心地；C. finally最后；D. quickly迅速地。由下文“you’ll have to clean it up”可知，这里指“最后”还是需要打扫干净。故选C项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道吗，罗伯特，每当你弄得一团糟，最后你都必须把它清理干净，把一切恢复到应有的状态。A. value价值；B. role角色；C. shelf架子；D. order秩序。由上文“you’ll have to clean it up”以及语境可知，这里指最后需要把一切清理干净并恢复到应有的“秩序”。故选D项。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你更喜欢哪一种？A. find找到；B. mention提到；C. prefer更喜欢；D. accept接受。由上文“We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. ”可知，这里母亲让科学家选着“更喜欢”用哪一个来清理。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出去把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能找到一种瓶子不掉的方法。A. fill填满；B. weigh重、权衡；C. mix混合；D. clean清洁。由下文“with water”可知，这里指把瓶子“装满”水模仿装满牛奶来做实验。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出去把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能找到一种瓶子不掉的方法。 A. lead带领；B. discover发现；C. change改变；D. improve改善。由下文“a way to carry it without dropping it”以及语境可知，这里指“发现”一种瓶子不掉的方法。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小男孩明白了，如果他用双手握住瓶子顶部靠近边缘的地方，他就可以拿着它而不会掉下来。A. replaced替换；B. shared共享；C. washed洗；D. held举行、拿着。由下文“the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands”可知，这里指用双手“拿着”瓶子顶部靠近边缘的地方。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么精彩的一课啊！A. performance表现；B. method方法；C. lesson课；D. action行动。由上文“The little boy learned that if he　　12　　　the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. ”可知，科学家学会了怎么拿瓶子，所以这是多么精彩的一“课”。故选C项。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，科学家知道他不必害怕犯错。A. promises承诺；B. mistakes错误；C. guesses猜测；D. decisions决定。由下文“Instead, he learned that mistakes were just　　15　　for learning something new.”可知，这里指科学家知道他不必害怕犯“错误”。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会。A. chances机会；B. teachers教师；C. directions方向；D. instructions说明书。由下文“for learning something new”可知，这里指错误是学习新东西的“机会”。故选A项。 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since March, the hashtag #TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, ___56___ (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform. Look back a few hundred years, though, and chilies (辣椒) were nowhere ___57___ (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native ___58___ the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China from America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century. At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, ___59___ (prize) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’ s last imperial (皇朝) period, a system ___60___ taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for ___61___ alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour ___62___ (unlock). The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, ___63___ its overpowering flavour barred it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialization, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, ___64___ (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in ____65____ (region) with little tradition of heat. 【答案】56. has received 57. to be found 58. to 59. prized 60. which##that 61. an 62. was unlocked 63. but 64. bringing 65. regions 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文简单介绍了辣椒作为中国街头美食“天水麻辣烫”的重要原料，其传入中国及在中国被广泛种植和食用的历史过程。 【56题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自三月以来，#天水麻辣烫#这一话题标签在微博这一社交媒体平台上已获得超过1.4亿浏览量。根据时间状语Since March可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为the hashtag，助动词用has。故填has received。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，回望几百年前，辣椒却无处可寻。句中were为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词，句中nowhere to be found为固定短语，此处逻辑主语chilies与动词find之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态to be done形式。故填to be found。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意：与生姜和四川花椒不同，生姜和四川花椒是该地区的特产，被广泛使用，而辣椒是在16世纪才被葡萄牙和荷兰探险家从美洲带到中国的。此处be native to为固定短语，意为“原产于”。故填to。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：至少50年来，它们被作为观赏植物种植，因其鲜艳的色彩和白色的小花而受到珍视，偶尔也会被用作草药。句中were grown为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语they与动词prize之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填prized。 【60题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在中国最后一个封建王朝时期，一项对盐征税的制度迫使贵州省的农民寻找另一种选择。设空处引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词system。故填which/that。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。设空处需填冠词修饰名词alternative，此处alternative泛指“另一种选择”，且alternative为元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【62题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：从那里开始，一种新的口味被解锁了。设空处为句子谓语动词，主语a new flavour与动词unlock之间为被动关系，且结合语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was unlocked。 【63题详解】 考查连词。句意：这种辣椒逐渐传播到中国的其他农村地区，但其强烈的气味使其无法进入城市家庭的餐桌。设空处前后两个句子之间为转折关系，应用连词but连接，故填but。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着工业化的发展，数亿人口涌入大城市，带着家乡的辣味。句中poured为谓语动词，设空处需填非谓语动词。逻辑主语hundreds of millions of people与动词bring之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填bringing。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：现在，辣椒被用在街头小吃、美食和没有吃辣传统的地区的零食中。设空处使用名词作宾语， region为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填regions。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。 66. Having made every e________ to put out the fire, the firefighters managed to save the kids. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】effort##ffort 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：消防员们尽了一切努力扑灭大火，终于救出了孩子们。根据单词首字母以及句意“努力”可知，空格处涉及单词“effort”，意为“努力”，为可数名词，“every”后接可数名词单数，作宾语。故填effort。 67. A moderate earthquake ________ (侵袭) the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】struck 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：一场中等强度的地震在周六早上袭击了美国东北部，造成了许多建筑物的损坏。设空处使用动词作谓语，early on Saturday表示句子描述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。表示“侵袭”用strike，过去式为struck。故填struck。 68. The building, once a landmark of the city, was completely d________ by the fire. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】destroyed##estroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这座建筑曾是城市的地标，因火灾被彻底摧毁。根据首字母和句意提示，应用动词destroy，表示“摧毁”，根据by the fire可知，设空处应该使用过去分词与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填destroyed。 69. The wildfire, fueled by strong winds, s________ through the village, leaving nothing but ruins and ashes in its wake. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】swept##wept 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：大火在强风的助推下席卷村庄，只留下满目疮痍和灰烬。根据句意和首字母提示可知，此处使用动词sweep“风浪等）席卷”，描述火势迅速蔓延用sweep through。设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述过去事实，应用一般过去时。故填swept。 70. The recent economic downturn has severely ________ (影响) small businesses, causing many to go bankrupt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】affected 【解析】 【详解】考查动词及时态。句意：近期的经济衰退严重影响了小型企业，导致许多企业破产。根据句意及汉语提示，表示“影响”用动词affect，设空处应用过去分词与空前的has构成现在完成时。故填affected。 71. China was once r________ to as “the kingdom of the bicycle” because of its large cycling population. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】referred##eferred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：中国曾经被称为“自行车王国”，因为其庞大的自行车人口。根据句意及首字母提示可知，空处应填动词refer“提及，谈及”，be referred to as“被称为”为固定短语。故填referred。 72. In order to gain insight into the issue we’ve been actively collecting data from ________ (多种多样) of sources, including surveys, databases, and public records. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】varieties 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了深入了解这个问题，我们一直在积极从多种多样的来源收集数据，包括调查、数据库和公共记录。根据汉语提示“多种多样”可知，空格处涉及单词“varieties”，名词词性，为“variety”的复数形式，意为“多种多样”，“varieties of…”意为“多种多样的……”。故填varieties。 73. The ________ (斗争) against environmental destruction is far from over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】struggle 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对抗环境破坏的斗争远未结束。设空处使用名词作主语，根据汉语提示“斗争”可知，应用名词struggle，结合后文is可知，应用单数形式。故填struggle。 74. The recent move launched by the government is a ________ (手段) to fight crime more effectively and efficiently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】means 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府最近采取的行动是更有效和高效地打击犯罪的一种手段。根据汉语提示“手段”可知，空格处应用单词“means”，意为“手段”，为可数名词，单复数同形，作表语。故填means。 75. Any assistance you could provide to the police in their investigation (调查) will be greatly a________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】appreciated##ppreciated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果您能在调查中为警方提供任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。根据句意和首字母提示，表示“感激”用appreciate，其与any assistance之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词形式与前文的will be构成一般将来时的被动语态。故填appreciated。 第二节 应用文写作（满分25分） 76. 假定你是李华。最近你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，请给外教Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色你的演讲稿并给予你有关演讲技巧的指导。内容包括： 1. 写信原因； 2. 你的困惑； 3. 请求帮助。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为120左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Cheslie, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear Cheslie, I am writing to ask you to do me a favor. I’ll participate in an English speech contest with the title “Charming China”. I’ve finished my speech draft, but I find it far from satisfactory. Firstly, I’m not sure of some proper expressions in English and not aware of the mistakes in grammar and sentence structures. Would you please go through the attachment to this email and then help me correct the mistakes and polish the speech draft? Besides, I am pretty nervous about the speech, so I’d like you to offer me some presentation skills, which can improve my performance. I’d appreciate it if you could give me your guidance. Looking forward to your early reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。最近学校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，要求考生给外教 Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色考生的演讲稿并给予有关演讲技巧的指导。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：participate in → take part in 满意：satisfactory → content 此外：besides → furthermore 感激：appreciate → be grateful 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I’ ll participate in an English speech contest with the title “Charming China”.  拓展句：I’ ll participate in an English speech contest which is titled “Charming China”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, I am pretty nervous about the speech, so I’d like you to offer me some presentation skills, which can improve my performance. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 I’d appreciate it if you could give me your guidance. (运用了it作形式宾语以及if引导条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 济南西城实验中学 高一英语阶段性学情检测试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将二维码贴在答题卡指定位置。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers going to do? A. Wash a car. B. Take a flight. C. Buy some food. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Tourist and guide. C. Postman and customer. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How many tickets for the tennis game do they have in total? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers probably talking about? A. The man’s job interview. B. The man’s mistake. C. The man’s future career. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think about the woman? A. She spends money wisely. B. She needn’t buy a new laptop. C. She is careless with money. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Why does the woman apologize to the man? A. For canceling her travel plan with him. B. For poorly preparing for their travel. C. For putting off her job interview. 7. What will Harry probably do this weekend? A. Go to Thailand. B. Help Lily with her interview. C. Cancel his plan. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How does the man usually overcome his fear? A. By walking. B. By shouting. C. By singing. 9. What did the woman do on the stormy night? A. She stayed up all night. B. She hid somewhere. C. She jumped on the bed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What size does the man probably wear? A. Size 39. B. Size 40. C. Size 41. 11. Which color would the man probably like the most? A. Gray. B. Blue. C. Black. 12. What do you know about the darker suit? A. It is made of an expensive material. B. It doesn’t match the man’s skin. C. It is a little tight in the collar. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13 Why is the man tired? A. He has been studying. B. He has been tidying up his apartment. C. He has been at work all day. 14. What is Mary now? A. A student. B. A bank clerk. C. A university professor. 15. What kind of person is the man looking for? A. A tutor. B. A repairman. C. A cleaner. 16. What will the woman probably do after the conversation? A. Give her friends a call. B. Visit the man’s new apartment. C Give the man her friend’s number. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. When will the Student Welfare Office open tomorrow? A From about 8 am to 4 pm. B. From about 9 am to 8 pm. C. From about 4 pm to 8 pm. 18. What benefit can students get with university identity cards? A. Free textbooks. B. Book sale entry. C. Discounts at some local shops. 19. Where will the book sale be held next week? A. In the library. B. In the canteen. C. In the Student Welfare Office. 20. What does the speaker advise students to do? A. Sign up for the cookery course. B. Get books on the reading list ready. C. Eat at the university canteen. 第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion（凝聚力）, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let's check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US. Gotham Greens Where: New York Chicago What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100, 000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn't just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students Where: Baltimore, Maryland What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students （BUGS）program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don't have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food. ReVision Urban Farm Where: Boston, Massachusetts What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home—a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm's fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty. Swale Where: New York What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic（共生的）relationship. 21. What does the BUGS program mainly do? A. Provide job training for students. B. Use high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food. C. Create a sustainable garden on a large boat. D. Offer students the opportunity to grow vegetables. 22. Which urban garden helps people get out of poverty? A. Gotham Greens. B. Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students. C. ReVision Urban Farm. D. Swale. 23. Where can citizens go to see a food forest? A. Chicago. B. Baltimore. C. Boston. D. New York. B Jamil Jan Kochai, the author of 99 Nights in Logar, searched for more than a decade for Susan Lung — the second-grade teacher who had changed his life over 20 years earlier. On Saturday night, the two were finally reunited at one of his book-reading events. The writer was born in a refugee camp (难民营) for Afghans in Peshawar, Pakistan, and his family moved to California when he was just a year old. At home, they spoke mostly Pashto and some Farsi, so by the time he reached first grade, he was at a total loss because he could hardly speak English. Then came Mrs. Lung, who quickly realized that Kochai was deeply struggling at Alyce Norman Elementary School. The two got to work meeting for one-on-one lessons nearly every day after school. At the end of the school year, Kochai won reading-comprehension competitions. Lung and Kochai lost touch when Kochai’s father got a job in another city and the boy moved on, with a new love of reading and writing. When he grew older, Kochai’s parents encouraged him to find his former teacher to thank her. But despite his efforts, he failed to track her down. “I didn’t know her first name. She was always just Mrs. Lung to me, so when I called places to ask about her, they couldn’t find any records of her,” Kochai said. Then, while promoting his first novel, he wrote an essay for Literary Hub magazine touching on the transformative impact that Lung had on his life. Lung’s doctor happened to read it, and told the now-retired educator about that. Lung’s husband saw a Facebook post about Kochai’s reading event on Saturday in Davis, California and suggested he drive his wife there. “I had no idea they were going to be there,” Kochai said. “It was just like a sweet dream. Mrs. Lung was sitting in the front row. She was just the same Mrs. Lung. Just as sweet, kind and warm as ever.” Kochai and Lung hugged, and Kochai finally got the chance to express to her how much he still thought of her and how much she meant to him. 24. How did Mrs. Lung help Kochai? A. By dropping by his house regularly. B. By asking him to read more in class. C. By spending extra time tutoring him. D. By saving him out of a refugee camp. 25. Why did Kochai have difficulty finding Mrs. Lung? A. There were few records about her. B. His parents provided little support. C. He was too young to remember her. D. He had limited information about her. 26. How did Kochai feel when seeing Mrs. Lung at his reading event? A. Surprised and delighted. B. Shocked and angry. C. Ashamed and regretful. D. Proud and grateful. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. A Distinguished Guest Showed Up at a Reading Event B. A Writer Was Finally Reunited With His Former Teacher C. A Famous Teacher Saved a Poor Student’s Whole Life D. A Book Changed a Celebrity and a Retired Teacher C At 1:43 a.m., Bertozzi was awakened by a phone call from a Nobel committee representative who, revealing the significant news, told her, “You have 50 minutes to collect yourself and wait until your life changes.” Instructed not to share the announcement outside of her tightest inner circle, the first person Bertozzi called was her father, William Bertozzi, a retired physics professor from MIT. “He’s 91 and, of course, he was just overjoyed,” said Bertozzi. “And then he called my sisters for me. One of my sisters and my dad watched it live.” Bertozzi was recognized for founding the field of biorthogonal chemistry, a set of chemical reactions that allow researchers to study molecules (分子) and their interactions in living things without involving natural biological processes. Bertozzi’s lab has been using the new methods to answer basic questions about the role of sugars in biology, to solve practical problems, such as developing better tests for infectious diseases, and to create a new medicine that can better target tumors (肿瘤). “I could not be more delighted that Bertozzi has won the Nobel Prize in chemistry,” said Stanford President Marc Tessier-Lavigne. “In pioneering the field of biorthogonal chemistry, Bertozzi invented a new way of studying biomolecular processes, one that has helped scientists around the world gain deeper understanding of chemical reactions in living systems. Being a crown jewel in chemistry, her work has had outstanding real-world impact. The research achievements have been used to study how cells build proteins and other molecules, to develop new cancer medicines, and to produce new materials for energy storage, among many other applications.” “They call and I’m not even awake ... Starbucks isn’t even open yet,” she exclaimed while in her pajamas at her kitchen table. By 3 a.m., Bertozzi had nearly three dozen voicemails. “This is how it’s going to be all day. This is insane,” she said. “Maybe I should cancel meetings.” Pausing between interviews about two hours later to check her messages, Bertozzi said, “My family is already booking their flights to Stockholm. It’s amazing. Go back to sleep!” 28. Why was a call made to Bertozzi at midnight? A. To warn her of some emergency. B. To prepare for a meeting. C. To inform her of winning the prize. D. To collect things to visit her relatives. 29. What does Bertozzi’s lab use the new methods to do? A. Develop a new drug for cancer. B. Produce more nutritious sugars. C. Separate biology from chemistry. D. Find cures for infectious diseases. 30. What does the underlined part “a crown jewel” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. The king’s treasure. B. The universal focus. C. The most complex part. D. The most valuable breakthrough. 31. What kind of person is Bertozzi? A. Courageous and quiet. B. Creative and generous. C. Pioneering and humorous. D. Wise and hard-working. D Habitat loss, hunting, logging and climate change have put many large species on the planet at risk. A new study has found that not only are larger plants and animals at higher risk of extinction, but their loss would fundamentally affect life on earth. Results showed that the continued loss of large animals alone would lead to a 44% reduction in the total amount of wild animal biomass on the planet. It would also lead to a 92% reduction in soil fertility (肥沃), which supports the ability of the earth to grow plants and sustain life. “This research shows there are fundamental scientific principles that explain why large animals and trees matter for the health and integrity of all life on Earth,” said lead author Brian Enquist. “Protecting large species does have an umbrella effect to protect the wider ecosystem.” A key reason for these results lies with the transport of nutrients(养分). When large animals eat in one location and defecate(排便)in another, they transport nutrients, often moving them from nutrient-rich areas to other, less fertile parts of the land and oceans. Similarly, the largest trees are the most productive, and contain more nutrients and carbon. “Ecosystems with larger trees and animals are also more productive and provide more vital ecological services,” Enquist said. “The largest banks and corporations in the economy are the most productive and have the most impact on the economy. If they failed, they would have a big negative impact on economy. It’s a similar principle with large species across ecosystems.” Unfortunately, these large organisms are more likely to be harmed by human pressures and climate change and take longer to recover from shocks, making them endangered species. The findings help to answer an ongoing debate about where to channel limited conservation resources. While some species such as the tiger or redwood tree have historically been most appealing and therefore effective at pulling in donations, some scientists worry that the focus on a certain species could be coming at the cost of protecting other, less well-loved species. “Our findings instead point to the importance of policies that emphasize the promotion of all large trees and animals, as such policies will have a great impact on biodiversity and ecosystem processes,” Enquist said. 32. Which of the following is the result of “umbrella effect” talked about in the text? A. Large species are protected. B. Other species are protected as well. C. Large plants become more productive. D. More large animals transport nutrients. 33. In what way are large species similar to large banks? A. In their large sizes. B. In the economic impact. C. In their vital roles in their systems. D. In their ways to deal with problems. 34. What do the last two paragraphs focus on? A. Conservation concerns for all large species. B. Donations to conservation of large species. C. Conservation resources for endangered species. D. Debate about how to use conservation resources. 35 What can be concluded from the new study? A. More large species are needed on the planet. B. Saving large species is saving all life on Earth. C. Urgent action is needed to protect endangered species. D. Protecting large species’ habitat is key to saving them. 第二节（共五小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 At some point in our lives, we all need to influence and encourage others, including our team at work, friends and family, or club members. Leading people is a valuable skill that can help you achieve great things. ___36___ It takes practice. There are some good ways to influence and encourage others. ___37___ People are more likely to follow your lead if they see that you live out the values you speak of. If you want to encourage others to be their best, you need to set an example and practice what you said. This doesn't mean that you have to be perfect; it means you're willing to put in the hard work to achieve your goals. Give sincere praise. You know the saying, “It's not what you say, but how you say it.” The same is true when it comes to encouraging others. ___38___ People can sense when you' re sincere, and they' re more likely to respond (回应) positively to your message. Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and honest. Trust is a necessary part of any relationship, and it's important in a leader- follower relationship. If you want people to trust you, you should learn to be transparent and honest with them. ___39___ Remain calm and patient during difficult conversations. Difficult conversations are an unavoidable part of life. If you want to be a good leader, it's important to remain calm and patient during these conversations. ___40___ Instead, keep an open mind, listen to what other people are saying and respect their point of view. A. Becoming annoyed will only worsen the situation. B. Be a good role model and lead by example. C. Your words will carry more weight if you are sincere. D. Improve your active listening skills. E. However, being a good leader isn't always easy. F. This includes being open about your purposes and keeping your word. G. Remember you only have a few seconds to make a first impression. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D） 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ___41___ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ___42___ than the common people. He responded that it all came from an ___43___ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, leaving its contents all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came into the kitchen, ___44___ punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made!I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk.Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___45___ we clean it up?” Though he was surprised, he ___46___ it. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, ___47___ you’ll have to clean it up and put back everything to its proper ___48___. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ___49___?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk. His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ___50___ the bottle with water and see whether you can ___51___ a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he ___52___ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful ___53___! It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ___54___. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just ___55___ for learning something new. 41. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed 42. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable 43. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience 44. A. except for B. instead of C. as well as D. along with 45. A. before B. after C. when D. since 46. A. did B. refused C. quit D. feared 47. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. quickly 48. A. value B. role C. shelf D. order 49. A. find B. mention C. prefer D. accept 50. A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. clean 51. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve 52. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held 53. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action 54. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions 55. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since March, the hashtag #TianshuiMalatang, referring to a popular type of street food, ___56___ (receive) more than 140m views on Weibo, a social-media platform. Look back a few hundred years, though, and chilies (辣椒) were nowhere ___57___ (find). Unlike ginger and Sichuan peppers, which are native ___58___ the region and widely used, chilli peppers were brought to China from America by Portuguese and Dutch explorers only in the 16th century. At first, nobody ate them. For at least 50 years, they were grown as decorative plants, ___59___ (prize) for their cheerfully bright colour and tiny white flowers, and occasionally used as medicinal herbs. During China’ s last imperial (皇朝) period, a system ___60___ taxed salt forced farmers in Guizhou province to look for ___61___ alternative. They chose chillies, which produce several crops a year and take up little land. From there, a new flavour ___62___ (unlock). The pepper steadily spread to other rural areas of China, ___63___ its overpowering flavour barred it from getting near the tables of urban families. With the industrialization, hundreds of millions of people poured into big cities, ___64___ (bring) with them the spicy flavours of home. Chillies are now used in street food, fine dining and snacks in ____65____ (region) with little tradition of heat. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。 66. Having made every e________ to put out the fire, the firefighters managed to save the kids. (根据首字母单词拼写) 67. A moderate earthquake ________ (侵袭) the northeastern United States early on Saturday, damaging a lot of buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 68. The building, once a landmark of the city, was completely d________ by the fire. (根据首字母单词拼写) 69. The wildfire, fueled by strong winds, s________ through the village, leaving nothing but ruins and ashes in its wake. (根据首字母单词拼写) 70. The recent economic downturn has severely ________ (影响) small businesses, causing many to go bankrupt. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 71. China was once r________ to as “the kingdom of the bicycle” because of its large cycling population. (根据首字母单词拼写) 72. In order to gain insight into the issue, we’ve been actively collecting data from ________ (多种多样) of sources, including surveys, databases, and public records. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 73. The ________ (斗争) against environmental destruction is far from over. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 74. The recent move launched by the government is a ________ (手段) to fight crime more effectively and efficiently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 75. Any assistance you could provide to the police in their investigation (调查) will be greatly a________. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节 应用文写作（满分25分） 76. 假定你是李华。最近你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“Charming China魅力中国”的演讲比赛，请给外教Cheslie写一封电子邮件，请她帮助润色你的演讲稿并给予你有关演讲技巧的指导。内容包括： 1. 写信原因； 2. 你的困惑； 3. 请求帮助。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为120左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Cheslie, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null