2 课时精练(二) Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（译林版2020）

课时精练(二)　 Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [基础达标] 维度一　单句语法填空 1．My friend，who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life，is retiring next month. 2．Her father works in a factory，where he makes cars. 3．He bought the car for more than $20，000，which made his father unhappy. 4．The famous hockey player，in whose honour a party will be held，is to arrive this afternoon. 5．As is reported in the newspaper，a serious accident has happened recently in the suburb. 6．The owner paid the worker for cleaning the whole building，most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least one month. 7．I shall never forget those years when I lived in the valley with the farmers，which has a great effect on my life. 8．Whenever I met her，as was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile. 9．The old lady has two daughters，one of whom is working abroad. 10．He studied in Nanjing University for four years，after which he went abroad for further study. 维度二　完成句子 1．我永远不会忘记这次越野跑比赛，它考验了我的意志力。 Never will I forget the cross­country running race，which_tested_my_will． 2．我们特别欢迎你们上台表演，这一定会为我们的节日增添色彩和乐趣。 You are particularly welcome to show up on stage，which_will_definitely_add_color_and_ fun_to_our_festival． 3．参加者将于下周六上午8时在操场就座，届时将举行开幕式。 The participants will be seated in the playground at 8 a．m.next Saturday，when_the_opening_ceremony_will_be_conducted． 4．他缺席会议的原因没有给出。 The reason，for_which_he_was_absent_from_the_meeting，wasn’t given. 5．他们住在一个高楼里，在楼的前面矗立着一棵大树。 They lived in a tall building，in_front_of_which_stood_a_big_tree． 6．这个团体共有60人，其中一半是工人。 There are 60 people in the group，half_of_whom_are_workers． 7．我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响与我的决定有很大的关系。 My physics teacher is my role model，whose_influence_on_me_has_a_lot_to_do_with_ my_decision． 8．所有的邻居都很羡慕这家人，在这个家里，父母就像朋友一样对待他们的孩子。 All the neighbors admire this family，where_the_parents_treat_their_children_like_friends． 维度三　语法与写作 (一)翻译句子 1．我，17岁，来自一个三口之家。 I_who_is_17_years_old，come_from_a_family_of_three. 2．我的父亲是一位优秀的老师，我为他感到骄傲。 My_father，of_whom_I’m_proud，is_an_excellent_teacher. 3．我母亲曾经工作过的工厂倒闭了，她现在是一个家庭主妇，照顾我和父亲。 The_factory，where_my_mother_once_worked，closed_down，and_she_is_now_a_housewife_ looking_after_my_father_and_me. 4．我上高三了。我高中毕业的日子越来越近了。 I_am_in_senior_three.The_day，when_I_will_graduate_from_high_school，is_approaching. 5．我将更加努力学习，以便进入重点大学，这可以为我提供一个更好的学习环境。 I_will_study_harder_in_order_to_be_admitted_to_a_key_university，which_can_provide_a_ better_learning_environment_for_me. 6．众所周知，努力工作会导致成功。我相信我的梦想一定会实现。 As_is_known_to_all，hard_work_will_lead_to_success.I_believe_my_dream_will_surely_ come_true. (二)运用衔接词把上面的句子合并成一篇80词左右的微型作文。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ I who is 17 years old，come from a family of three.My father，of whom I’m proud，is an excellent teacher.The factory，where my mother once worked，closed down，and she is now a housewife looking after my father and me.Now I am in senior three.And the day，when I will graduate from high school，is approaching.So I will study harder in order to be admitted to a key university，which can provide a better learning environment for me.As is known to all，hard work will lead to success.So I believe my dream will surely come true. [素能提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A “Italy without Sicily does not leave an impression on your soul: here lies the key to everything.”This is what Goethe wrote during his voyage through Italy in 1787.In fact，Sicily is Italy’s largest island and at the same time a_small_world_of_its_own．Typically Italian and yet completely different: contrasts characterize Sicily in many aspects—scenic as well as cultural. The sunny island has always been considered a blooming place.It is in spring that Italy’s southernmost point shows its best，when countless almond trees turn the island into a sea of flowers.Beautiful lemon trees are to be found all over the island，but most of all on the soil beneath Mount Etna，the landmark of Sicily and the largest volcano of Europe. Windswept bushes and splendid sand dunes in the southeast attract you.Here you will find Sicily’s most beautiful sandy beaches —extending for kilometers on end，wide and gentle. In the thinly populated inland，the mountain area with its valleys，streams and plateaus creates an almost mysterious atmosphere；in the mountain villages time seems to have stood still. The islands around Sicily are worth a visit，too: from Sicily you can easily reach the Lipari Islands，for example. As various as the island’s landscape and sights are its people—the Sicilians.The poet Angelo Fiore held that，there were “five million Sicilies”，just as many as there are people.In the Sicilian melting pot of cultures you will find elements contributed by the Greeks，the Romans，the Arabs，the Normans，the Hohenstaufen dynasty，the Spanish and the French.Southern Italian hospitality，celebrating colorful，lively festivals and keeping up religious customs are surely among the islanders’ characteristics. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利最大的岛屿——西西里岛，它同时也是一个著名的旅游景点。 1．Why are Goethe’s words mentioned in the first paragraph? A．To attract us to Sicily. B．To introduce the topic of the text. C．To give us a taste of Goethe’s talent. D．To describe Sicily’s unique natural sights. B　[写作手法题。本文主要介绍了意大利最大的岛屿——西西里岛，所以作者在文章的开始引用Goethe的话是为了引入本文的话题。故选B。] 2．How do you understand the underlined phrase “a small world of its own”？ A．Sicily is separated from the Italian mainland. B．Sicily has unique scenes and cultures. C．Sicily represents Italian cultures. D．Sicily is Italy’s largest island. B　[句意理解题。根据下文“Typically Italian and yet completely different: contrasts characterize Sicily in many aspects—scenic as well as cultural.”可知，西西里岛有自己独特的景色和文化特征。故选B。] 3．Which of the following is True according to the text? A．Sicily is filled with flowers all year round. B．The mountain villagers lead a fast­paced life. C．Mount Etna is at a short distance from Sicily. D．You can enjoy sandy beaches in the southeast. D　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，在西西里岛的东南部，你可以欣赏到它美丽的沙滩。故选D。] 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The friendliness of the Sicilians. B．The festive atmosphere of Sicily. C．The melting pot of cultures of Sicily. D．The different customs of the Sicilians. C　[段落大意题。根据最后一段中 “In the Sicilian melting pot of... Spanish and the French.” 可知，本段主要讲述了西西里岛文化的大熔炉。故选C。] B One of the most recognizable symbols of Scotland is the kilt(百褶裙).Resembling knee­length skirts，kilts originated in the 16th century as a common form of clothing for men and boys living in an area of northern Scotland known as the Scottish Highlands.A special feature of kilts，even to this day，is the plaid(格子呢) patterns.These patterns were historically related to specific clans(家族)，which are family groups that share a relationship through ancestry(血统) or some other connections.Known as tartans(方格花纹)，the plaid patterns are of various colors.Because of their popularity in the Scottish Highlands，the wearing of kilts and any tartan pattern in general was banned from 1746 to 1782 to try to control clans from that region that were opposed to the king at the time.After clans were no longer considered a threat to the king，the clothing ban was removed. Although the removal of the ban meant people could once again wear kilts with their clan’s tartan，they did not become the regular dress of males there.Instead，they came to represent a traditional form of clothing，and be symbolic of national pride.Tartans of all types can be seen on show all over the world on April 6，Tartan Day，when people of Scottish ancestry celebrate their cultural treasure.Tartan Day originated in Canada in the mid­1980s.It spread to other communities of the Scottish diaspora in the 1990s. Nowadays，tartans have been specifically created for individuals，families，institutions，and companies.Perhaps the best­known example of a tartan used by a company is that of the British company Burberry.Burberry has used tartans on a variety of products，including scarves，handbags，clothing，and other accessories.Although in 2019，Burberry announced it would reduce the number of products it produced to focus more on handbags as a way to increase profits，their iconic tartan continues to be a symbol of high fashion. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苏格兰最著名的标志之一——百褶裙，并介绍了这种服装的一些特点和历史。 5．In which aspect are kilts special? A．Plaid patterns are used in the kilts. B．They are of the same color in Scotland. C．People show respect for the king by wearing them. D．They are designed for adult men. A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A special feature of kilts，even to this day，is the plaid(格子呢) patterns.”可知，百褶裙的一个特别之处是使用了格子呢图案。故选A。] 6．Why do Scottish people exhibit different tartans in April? A．To express tartans shouldn’t be ignored. B．To spread this culture to the world. C．To honor the end of the ban on tartans. D．To celebrate a tradition. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tartans of all types can be seen on show all over the world on April 6，Tartan Day，when people of Scottish ancestry celebrate their cultural treasure.”可知，苏格兰人会在四月展示不同的格子呢是为了庆祝他们的文化传统。故选D。] 7．Why does the author mention the company Burberry? A．To stress tartans’ wide range of daily uses. B．To prove the popularity of tartans. C．To show the reduced number of tartan products. D．To explain reasons for Burberry’s favoring tartans. B　[写作意图题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者提到了巴宝莉公司是为了证明方格花纹的流行。故选B。] 8．What is the best title for this passage? A．Popularity of Scottish Kilts B．History of Scottish Kilts C．The Kilt and the Tartan D．Special Scottish Clothing C　[标题归纳题。根据第一段内容并结合全文主要介绍了苏格兰最著名的标志之一——百褶裙，并介绍了这种服装的一些特点和历史。百褶裙的一个特点就是方格花纹图案，代表了一种传统的服装形式，是民族自豪感的象征，百褶裙如今也非常流行，其标志性的方格花纹仍是高级时尚的象征。由此可知，C选项“百褶裙方格花纹”最适合作文章标题。故选C。] C By 2050，our global population might have been beyond nine billion，bringing with it an expected 70% increase in global demand for meat and fish.As a result，the growing demand for soya­based farm feed is driving massive destruction of forests at an alarming rate，and sea animal populations have halved in the last four decades due to widespread overfishing. With 10 million pounds funding，part of the Government’s Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund，a start­up company Entocycle is leading a cooperation that will build the UK’s first industrial­scale insect farm.Black soldier flies(黑水虻)are used to convert food waste from farms and factories into a sustainable，organic insect­based protein feed，as an alternative to soya，for farmed animals，namely pigs，chicken and fish.In short，the company is using food waste to create insect protein to feed the animals that we eat，while reducing carbon dioxide emissions(排放)and deforestation. Following its formation in 2017，Entocycle spent time developing its technology as part of the European Space Agency Business Incubation Centre United Kingdom(ESA BIC UK)，which is managed and partly funded by STFC．Entocycle acquired the expert knowledge to develop a network of cutting edge sensors，originally designed for use in space，to monitor and optimize(优化)the black soldier flies’ lifecycle.They combined this with big data analysis to develop their proprietary technology to mass­rear flies，scalable for industrial use.STFC’s Dr Sue O’Hare，Operations Manager at the ESA BIC UK，said，“Entocycle is a first­class example of how space technology can be applied to address one of the most important global challenges we currently face—how to feed the world without harming our planet.” It is fantastic to know that the ESA BIC UK，part of the world’s largest business incubation program for space tech start­ups，was able to provide the right environment and support to play a part in the early development of this world­changing technology.This is a significant milestone for Entocycle as it seeks to make a real and positive impact on making our food supply chains more environmentally sustainable. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家利用昆虫将食物垃圾转化为可持续的动物饲料。 9．How does the author develop his opinion in Paragraph 1? A．By listing questions. B．By presenting facts. C．By making comparisons. D．By stating arguments. B　[写作手法题。根据第一段内容可知，作者是通过呈现事实来阐述他的观点的。] 10．What does the underlined word “convert” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Transform. B．Exchange. C．Dip.　 D．Add. A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句可知，黑水虻被用来将农场和工厂的食物垃圾转化为可持续的、以昆虫为基础的有机蛋白质饲料，作为大豆的一种替代品。结合上下文语境可推出convert意为“转化”。] 11．What is the Dr Sue O’Hare’s attitude to Entocycle? A．Negative.　 B．Pessimistic. C．Supportive.　 D．Ambiguous. C　[观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Sue O’Hare 博士对Entocycle公司持支持的态度。] 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Food Waste Is a Global Challenge B．Increasing Population Threats Our Planet C．Entocycle Puts Space Technology into Use D．Using Insects to Turn Food Waste into Animal Feed D　[标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要内容为科学家利用昆虫将食物垃圾转化为可持续的动物饲料。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Road Trip Planning There are so many things to consider when planning a road trip，especially if you want to make it a great one.Think about it，with what little vacation time we have these days，don’t you want your vacation to be the kind that you remember forever and talk about for years to come？__1__ Here are some ways to approach all the information to help you plan your vacation. Select Your Destination First，you have to select a destination.There are many articles that include trip ideas，free road trip plans and tips about specific destinations. __2__ This is where the FUN comes in！Road trip games are always a great idea，and the longer your trip is，the more you’ll enjoy them.Creating your own soundtrack (原声带) is another key to a fun road trip.Whenever you hear those songs long after your trip，they will bring memories back and a smile to your face. Pack for Your Trip Before you go，you’ve got to figure out what to pack.This road trip planning guide covers every kind of trip from camping to family to Spring Break to romantic.__3___ Save Money __4__ Not necessarily.Things can add up fast.The tips here will help you cut corners a little，making your vacation more affordable. Maximize(使最大化) Your Travel Experience Having travelled all over the world since I was a child，I’ve learned to get the most out of travelling.__5__ It’s an inner journey as well.Growing as a person while on a road trip or any kind of vacation is the best kind of souvenir (纪念品) to bring home. Enjoy this road trip planning guide and get ready to plan your best road trip yet! A．Prepare Some Games and Songs B．Note Your Home and Road Safety C．Travel is more than just going to a place. D．I learned the hard way about planning，too. E．However，without the right planning，that may not happen! F．Some people might say “Isn’t a road trip itself cheap？” G．There are also some tips about packing a suitcase and creating a packing list. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些计划公路旅行的方法。 1．E　[根据前文“Think about it，with what little... forever and talk about for years to come？”及空后一句“Here are some ways to approach all the information to help you plan your vacation.”可知，空处承上启下，E项符合语境，该项中的“that”指代空前一句内容，故选E项。] 2．A　[空处是段落小标题，根据本段中的“Road trip games are always a great idea”及“Creating your own soundtrack (原声带) is another key to a fun road trip.”可知，本段主要讲述公路旅行中要有游戏和歌曲，A项符合语境，故选A项。] 3．G　[根据空前一句“This road trip planning guide... Spring Break to romantic.”可知，这里讲述旅行计划指南所涉及的内容，G项承接上文内容，符合语境，故选G项。] 4．F　[根据段落小标题Save Money可知，本段是讲述旅行费用问题，会提到费用的高低，所以F项符合文意。空后“Not necessarily.”是对F项的回答，表示“公路旅行本身不一定是便宜的”，与下文衔接自然，故选F项。] 5．C　[空前一句提到“自从孩童时期我就去世界各地旅行，我已经学会了从旅行中得到最大的好处”，所以空处应是接着讲述旅行的好处，结合空后“它也是一种内心的旅行”可知，C项符合文意，故选C项。] Ⅲ.语法填空 A Detroit businessman has created the world’s first mobile bowling alley by changing a semi­trailer(半挂车)truck into 1.________ entertainment centre on wheels. 2．________(inspire) by giant companies such as Amazon，Uber and Grub hub，which rely heavily 3.______ convenience for their business success，and enjoy great 4.________(popular) across the world，Terence Jackson Jr.decided to bring bowling to the masses.The businessman has been working on changing a 53­foot，semi­trailer truck into a mobile bowling alley for years，but due to 5.________(have) to overcome several obstacles，the facility was only published in 2020. “The mobile bowling alley’s design took years 6.________(complete)，a process which was farther slowed by the unavailability of building materials.However，we 7.________(eventual) got it done，” the businessman said. Luxury Strike Bowling 8.________(consist) of two bowling lanes，a scoring system，temperature control，lighting，an 80­inch theatre screen and a sky lounge(休息室).Because of size limitations，the two lanes are shorter than those of traditional bowling alleys，and the bowling balls are smaller and slightly 9.________(light) than regular ones. With rentals starting at $500 for two hours，the business is so successful.The businessman is already working on a second mobile alley，10.________ he hopes to make available next year. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上第一个移动保龄球馆。 1．解析：　an　考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处应使用不定冠词修饰，泛指“一个娱乐中心”，且entertainment的首字母发音以元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。 2．解析：　Inspired　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分及介词by可知，inspire与主语Terence Jackson Jr.之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词作状语。句子首字母需大写。故填Inspired。 3．解析：　on/upon　考查介词。rely on/upon为固定短语，意为“依靠，依赖”。故填on/upon。 4．解析：　popularity　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，空处应用名词popularity，作enjoy的宾语。故填popularity。 5．解析：　having　考查非谓语动词。due to中的to为介词，其后跟名词或动词­ing形式。故填having。 6．解析：　to complete　考查非谓语动词。此处考查“主语＋take(花费)＋时间＋to do...”句型，意为“某人花费时间做某事”。故填to complete。 7．解析：　eventually　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此处应使用副词，修饰整个句子。故填eventually。 8．解析：　consists　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。主语Luxury Strike Bowling是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填consists。 9．解析：　lighter　考查形容词的比较级。根据前文smaller及后文than可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级。故填lighter。 10．解析：　which　考查定语从句。分析句子并根据空前的逗号可知，“____ he hopes to make available next year”是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a second mobile alley，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，所以用which引导。故填which。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$