UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 单元检测卷(三)-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版2019）

null 单元检测卷(三)　UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (时间：120分钟　满分：150分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．When will the man probably go to the doctor? A．This afternoon. B．This evening. C．Tomorrow morning. 2．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Jason's future. B．Their opinions of Jason. C．The education Jason received. 3．What will the woman do today? A．Visit a doctor. B．Do an experiment. C．Attend a lecture. 4．Where is the man's envelope now? A．At the front desk. B．In his own room. C．At the post office. 5．What did Alice ask the man to do? A．Borrow some magazines for her. B．Give some magazines back to her. C．Return some magazines to the library. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Why does the boy want to buy a washing machine? A．There isn't one in the dormitory building. B．He is tired of using the shared ones. C．The old one is broken. 7．How often does the girl do laundry? A．At least once a month. B．At least once a week. C．At least twice a week. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What did the man do last night? A．He attended a party. B．He played football. C．He watched TV. 9．What does the woman think of the game? A．Surprising. B．Exciting. C．Disappointing. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Colleagues. B．Old friends. C．Business partners. 11．Where does the woman work now? A．At a school. B．At a restaurant. C．At a travel agency. 12．What are the speakers going to do next? A．Watch a film. B．Have a coffee. C．Attend a meeting. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where are the speakers? A．At an office. B．At a restaurant. C．At the woman's house. 14．What is the woman's favorite food? A．Mexican food. B．Italian food. C．Chinese food. 15．What does the woman say about her grandmother? A．She owns a restaurant. B．She is originally from Asia. C．She can make excellent food. 16．When does the man need to be back? A．By 1：00. B．By 2：00. C．By 2：30. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What time of year is it now? A．The beginning of the school year. B．The holiday break from school. C．The end of the year. 18．Who is the speaker? A．A headmaster. B．A teacher. C．A student. 19．When is the school picnic? A．This October. B．This December. C．Next June. 20．Which award did the school win? A．Best school in the state. B．Best at the spelling bee. C．Best in the math competition. 答案：　 1－5　CBBAC　　　　6－10　BCABB 11－15　CBABC 16－20　CAACA 听力材料 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 M：My head hurts so badly. W：Will you go to the doctor this afternoon? M：It just started hurting this morning.I'll go tomorrow morning if it's still aching. Text 2 W：What a polite young man Jason is！What do you think of him? M：Yeah，he is very polite，and very well­educated，too.I'm sure he will have a bright future. Text 3 M：Barbara，aren't you supposed to go to Dr.Smith's lecture today? W：Oh，I've asked one of my friends to take notes for me，so I'm able to help Linda do an experiment. Text 4 W：Hello，Mr.Brown.We have a large envelope for you at the front desk.Do you want it sent up to your room? M：It's OK.I'll come down to fetch it，thanks. Text 5 M：Who left these magazines in my office? W：Alice did.She said you were going to take them back to the library. M：Oh，that's right.She did ask me to take some magazines back to the library for her.I completely forgot. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 W：What are your plans this weekend? M：I'm going to buy a washing machine with my roommates. W：What's wrong with the shared ones in your dormitory building？Don't they work well? M：They're fine.But too many people share them，and we've gotten tired of waiting all the time. W：We have the same problem，too. M：Right.And I imagine you need to wash things more often than boys. W：Exactly！I use the washing machine at least twice a week. M：That's not too bad.I usually do it once a week. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 Text 7 W：Hey，did you watch the football game on TV last night? M：Which one? W：France VS Germany.Don't tell me you missed it. M：Oh，I forgot about it！I went to a party with my friend.Well，what was the score? W：France won 2－1. M：Great！French football fans must be very happy. W：For sure！But Germany has a great team too. M：It must have been an exciting game. W：Yes.All the players were in good form.And the teamwork was excellent.But I watched it on TV.I hope I can watch the next game live. M：So do I. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 Text 8 W：Peter？Hi，how are you？I haven't seen you for ages! M：Hello，Mary.Well，it must be at least five years since we last met.What are you doing here? W：I came for a meeting.Business trip，you know.Anyway，how are you? M：I'm fine，thanks.I still work at a school.What about you? W：I have a new job now，so I have to travel a lot. M：What do you do? W：I work for a travel agency.Working in a restaurant was just too boring. M：Your new job sounds interesting！Have you got time for a coffee？Let's catch up! W：Sure，why not? M：Great！I know there's a nice caf about two minutes's walk from here. W：Let's go then. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 Text 9 W：What are you having for lunch today，John? M：I didn't bring anything up here，so I'm going to eat out.Do you want to go with me? W：Sure！But where should we go？I'm tired of the places nearby that we always go to. M：I heard about a new Mexican place down the street.Let's try that！I'll call ahead of time and reserve a table. W：Okay，great！You know I love Mexican food.But that's not my favorite.It's No.2 after Italian food.My Italian grandmother can make good food.Eating at her house is better than any restaurant. M：Ha­Ha！I love Chinese food the most.Okay，so what time should I tell the restaurant that we're coming? W：Can you wait until 1：00？I need to finish this report I'm working on. M：Sure.And I need to be back here by 2：30，so we'll have to eat quickly. W：Sounds good! 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 Text 10 Hello，students.Welcome back to the new school year！This is your headmaster，Ms.Smith.I'm so happy to see you all again！Your teachers are very excited to see you as well.We have a lot of great things happening at our school this year.Our fall dance is next month，in October.Then right before the holiday break in December，we'll have our big holiday party at school with lots of food and games.Next spring，we'll have the big math competition and spelling bee.And at the end of school year，next June，we'll have our school picnic right before graduation.I also want to tell you all about an award our school received.The state of Tennessee named us one of the top twenty school in the whole state！We're number one！I'm so proud of all of your hard work.Let's continue the tradition and do a great job this year on our studies.Remember.Work hard，but don't forget to have fun！Have a great year，everyone! 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2024·北京市大兴区高二期末) Guide to “Clean & Green” Home Recycling Welcome to the “Clean & Green” home recycling initiative (倡议)! Our goal is to assist households in reducing their environmental footprint by providing step­by­step instructions on effective recycling practices. Understanding Recycling Types Every city has its own recycling standards，but the followings are generally universal： Plastics：These include bottles containers，and other packaging materials.Always clean plastics before recycling to avoid pollution. Paper：Newspapers，magazines，and cardboard are recyclable.However，soiled or wet paper should be discarded as regular waste. Glass：Bottles and jars of all colors can be recycled.Ensure they are free of food waste. Metals：Common recyclables are aluminum cans and tin foil (锡纸).Remove any food waste before disposal (处理). Steps for Effective Home Recycling Collection：Use separate bins for each type.Mark containers to avoid confusion (迷惑). Preparation：As mentioned above，clean the items.This prevents waste and increases the recyclability of the materials. Storage：Avoid overfilling recycling bins.Overpacked bins might lead to improper sorting at recycling facilities. Drop­Off：If your city doesn't offer roadside pickup，locate your nearest recycling drop­off point. Stay Informed：Recycling guidelines can change.Regularly check city websites for “Clean & Green” updates. Recycling DOs and DON'Ts DO encourage neighbors and friends to adopt recycling habits. DON'T mix different types in one bin. DO invest in composting(堆肥) if possible；it's another great way to reduce waste. DON'T recycle dangerous or electronic waste with regular recyclables.Ask your city for proper disposal methods. Benefits of Recycling Reduces landfill (垃圾填埋) waste. Conserves natural resources and energy. Prevents pollution by reducing the need for raw materials (原材料). Supports public health by minimizing exposure to harmful things. Join the “Clean & Green” initiative today and play your part in creating a bright future for the next generations! 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于“清洁及环保”家居回收指南。 21．Which of the following materials needs to be cleaned before recycling? A．Paper. B．Plastics. C．Metals. D．Glass. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据Understanding Recycling Types部分的“Plastics：These include bottles...avoid pollution.”可知，塑料在回收之前需要清洗。故选B。 22．According to the guide，what is the primary goal of the “Clean & Green” initiative? A．To sell recycling bins. B．To encourage composting. C．To reduce households' environmental footprints. D．To update recycling guidelines frequently. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Our goal...effective recycling practices.”可知，根据指南，“清洁与绿色”行动的首要目标是减少家庭的环境足迹。故选C。 23．Based on the guide，which of the following statements is right? A．Electronic waste can be recycled with regular recyclables. B．You should mix different types in one bin to save space. C．It's important to stay updated on recycling guidelines. D．Wet paper is preferred for recycling as it's easier to process. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据Steps for Effective Home Recycling部分的“Stay Informed：Recycling guidelines...for ‘Clean & Green’ updates.”可知，了解最新的回收指南很重要。故选C。 B In the 2010s，34­year­old Brianne Miller travelled around the world as a marine biologist.No matter how remote the location was，she made the same alarming discovery：huge amounts of plastic littering the water and threatening marine life.Miller knew she needed to do something. Canadians throw out about three million tonnes of plastic waste each year，about 33 percent of which comes from food packaging.Approximately one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste，too.Miller，determined to fix the problem，imagined a shop that went further than banning plastic bags—a place that avoided both wasteful packaging and the bad habit of wasting food itself. In June 2018，Miller opened her first zero­waste grocery store in Canada.She named it Nada，and ensured everything was designed to make the zero­waste shopping experience easy.You can bring your own containers，though it's not necessary：right by the front door are sanitized (消过毒的) glass or plastic containers，free for the taking. Nada sells various food items，all 100 percent package­free.Miller is clear that the store doesn't try to compete on price.For example，popcorn with the paper package at a regular store may cost 70 cents per 100 grams；at Nada，a customer might pay $1 per 100 grams.Even so，zero­waste shopping can still come with savings.Take products that typically come packaged in large containers，like spaghetti sauce，a large part of the traditional cost would be in that glass jar. Although the early days of the disease were tough on the business，Miller timely turned to online ordering and delivery，though in a very Nada way.Everything from olive oil to fresh eggs comes delivered in sanitized containers，which are collected with the next round of deliveries. Those containers do so much more than just reduce waste.They get people thinking big，just as Miller hoped.“They're tagged with Nada stickers，so you can see how many times the container has been used，” she says，and then smiles. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家Brianne Miller在周游世界的过程中，发现大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，威胁着海洋生物。为了解决这一问题，她开设了零废物杂货店并确保一切设计都是为了让零废物购物体验变得容易。 24．Why was Brianne Miller inspired to start her business? A．Because food packaging generated tons of waste. B．Because plastic litter posed a threat to marine life. C．Because people formed the bad habit of wasting food. D．Because lots of food produced worldwide went to waste. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“No matter how remote the location was ...threatening marine life.”可知，Miller在周游世界的过程中，发现大量的塑料垃圾散落在水中，威胁着海洋生物，所以她决定开设零废物杂货店。 25．Which of the following can best describe Miller? A．Brave and cautious. B．Caring and humorous. C．Creative and determined. D．Optimistic and thoughtful. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Miller，determined to ...banning plastic bags”可推知，Miller有创造力和决心。 26．What can be learned from the last two paragraphs? A．Miller thinks her efforts worthwhile. B．Miller stopped her business during the disease. C．Nada suffered serious losses because of the disease. D．Containers were recycled during the disease to save money. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。 根据最后一段最后一句可知，Miller认为自己的努力是值得的。 27．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．No pain，no gain B．Dream big，aim high C．No packaging，no wasting D．More haste，less speed 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Miller开设的零废物杂货店以及其有利于环保的运营模式。故C项“没有包装就没有浪费”最适合作本文标题。 C (2024·江苏泰州市高二调研) Around 40 million tons of electronic waste，known as e­waste，is produced every year.This includes electrical or electronic equipment that has been discarded．But where does it all go? In the US alone，100 million mobile phones，41 million computers and over 20 million televisions are thrown into landfills in a year.Even for standard waste this is a big headache，because any materials that are buried in the ground can't be easily recovered and recycled.Recycling electronics can save energy and means that less of Earth's natural resources need to be mined. Failing to recycle e­waste is extremely damaging the environment due to the nature of the materials used in modern devices.While heavy metals and chemicals improve a device's safety and user experience，these components become poisonous if they're not dealt with properly.Your old phones，Gameboys，kettles，microwaves and more can end up in landfills，leaking their harmful contents into the soil，water and air.Not only does this kill wildlife and destroy ecosystems，but the accumulation of poison can impact human health too.As heavy metals and chemicals flow into lakes and rivers，drinking water becomes polluted.These poisons spread through the soil，impacting the health of crops and animals that people also rely on. In some western countries，e­waste isn't hidden out of sight in landfills but is burnt in giant，open junkyards.They even ship waste electronics to other countries to deal with，and this often ends up in dumps across Africa and Asia.Workers in these places are exposed to polluted lands and chemical gas. It is urgent that we should reduce the damaging and unsustainable side of e­waste production.Rare earth metals，some plastics and chemicals can be fed into the next generation of electronics.The steps to proper recycling of e­waste are extensive and need large investment，but more and more countries around the world are turning to e­waste recycling. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是电子垃圾造成了环境污染，现在很多国家正通过回收电子垃圾来减少其带来的危害。 28．What does the underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Repaired. B．Protected. C．Used. D．Abandoned. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的“But where does...into landfills in a year.”可知，每年有很多的电器和电子产品被扔进了垃圾填埋场，是对电子垃圾去向的回答。由此可知，有很多的电器或者电子产品被丢弃，所以画线单词意为“丢弃”，与D项意思相近。故选D项。 29．What can be learned from Paragraph 2? A．E­waste has a permanent effect on the environment. B.E­waste may do harm to both ecosystems and humans. C．Heavy metals and chemicals are poisonous to the users. D．Burying e­waste into landfills is an effective way to recycle. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Failing to recycle e­waste ...in modern devices.”可知，未能回收电子垃圾会对环境造成极大的破坏，结合下文中的“Not only does this...and animals that people also rely on.”可知，电子垃圾带来的污染会破坏生态系统，影响人类健康，而且还会影响人们赖以生存的农作物和动物的健康。由此可知，电子垃圾可能对生态系统和人类都有害。故选B项。 30．As for some western countries' actions，the author is ________． A．supportive B．objective C．concerned D．uncertain 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They even ship...lands and chemical gas.”可知，一些西方国家把废弃的电子产品运往其他国家处理而最终被倾倒在非洲和亚洲各地，而这些地方的工人暴露在被污染的土地和化学气体中，这会给这些工人带来伤害。由此推知，作者对一些西方国家的做法表示担忧。故选C项。 31．What might the author continue to talk about? A．Solutions to destroying e­waste. B．Ways to recycle e­waste properly. C．Applications of recycled materials. D．Investments in restoring ecosystems. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据尾段中的“The steps...e­waste recycling.”可知，现在世界上越来越多的国家开始转向电子垃圾的回收。由此推知，作者接下来应会谈论恰当回收电子垃圾的方法。故选B项。 D (2024·广东省江门市高二调研) In the U．S.，people eat more protein than they need to，which might not be bad for human health，but does pose a problem for the country's waterways.The nation's wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion：nitrogen compounds (氮化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms (藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water. Maya Almaraz，a biogeochemist at the University of California，Davis，and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U．S.wastewater system because of a protein­heavy diet.The researchers found that the majority of nitrogen pollution present in wastewater—some 67 to 100 percent—is a by­product of what people consume. Once it enters the environment，the nitrogen can have a series of ecological impacts.It helps algae grow much faster than they would normally，which is harmful to humans，other animals and plants.And when the algae eventually die，the problem is not over.Microorganisms (微生物) that feed on dead algae use up oxygen in the water，leading to “dead zones”，where many species simply cannot survive，in rivers，lakes and oceans. Although it is possible to treat algal blooms，many of the current methods are not always effective at getting rid of all of the harmful growth.Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution.So the best strategy for dealing with the effects of nitrogen pollution is prevention，says Patricia Glibert，an ocean scientist at the University of Maryland.Almaraz and her team state that controlling nitrogen pollution could be approached more quickly with a change in eating habits that could save billions of dollars in the long term. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。 32．Which aspect of Americans' diet does Almaraz's research focus on? A．Its popularity. B．Its amount. C．Its effect. D．Its make­up. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The nation's wastewater...and drinking water.”以及第二段中“Maya Almaraz...because of a protein­heavy diet.”可知，加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔玛拉兹和她的团队发现美国人饮食由于蛋白质含量高，美国的水道中含有蛋白质消化的残余物：氮化合物，该物质对生物、空气和饮用水等造成了影响，故阿尔玛拉兹研究关注的是美国人饮食造成的影响。故选C。 33．What causes “dead zones” in the water? A．No oxygen for many species. B．Death of lots of healthy algae. C．Microorganisms' over­consumption of nutrients. D．Poisonous chemicals released by harmful algae. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Microorganisms (微生物)...lakes and oceans.”可知，以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，许多物种没有了氧气，导致了“死区”的出现。故选A。 34．What can we learn about the current treatments for algal blooms? A．They are costly. B．They are slow to take effect. C．They may kill all algae. D．They may cause secondary pollution. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution.”可知，当前的一些处理方法容易造成额外污染，即二次污染。故选D。 35．What is the best title for the text? A．Why the Algae Grow So Rapidly? B．How to Solve the Problem of Wastewater? C．How to Prevent the Air and Water Pollution? D．Why Eating Too Much Protein Harms the Planet? 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。故D项“为什么摄入过多的蛋白质会危害地球？”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·湖北省武昌区部分学校高二联考) In a world that often feels fast­paced and restrained to routines，the desire for van (房车) life and mobile living has captured the hearts of many seeking an alternative lifestyle.__36__ From the freedom to explore new horizons to fostering a minimalist mindset，here are some captivating advantages of embracing van life. Liberation from Materialism The confined space of a van encourages a minimalist lifestyle，where experiences are valued over possessions.__37__ With minimal monthly expenses，such as parking fees and fuel costs，van dwellers can allocate resources to experiences rather than high rent or house payments.This mobile living is supported by the degrowth movement，which believes that economies should focus on securing the minimal basic needs instead of consumption and consumerism. Exploration and Flexibility The ability to follow adventure wherever it takes you is one of the most amazing aspects of living in a van.You can choose to wake up at dawn over the ocean one day and find yourself in a forested mountainside the next.Living in a van frequently involves being close to the outdoors surrounded by the beauty of nature.__38__ Minimal Ecological Footprint __39__ They adopt solar panels and efficient water systems，further minimizing their impact on the environment.People who choose to live in mobile homes believe that eventually，global warming and extreme weather might bring an end to sedentary (定居的) living patterns. Through the open road，the beauty of nature，and the friendship of fellow adventurers，van life presents a unique avenue for enriching the human experience.__40__ A．It's thrilling to travel the world. B．Many van lifers tend to go green. C．Living in a van can often be more cost­effective. D．They'll find a sense of freedom of constant exploration. E．The natural world becomes an essential part of your daily life. F．Better yet，it offers a way to reconnect with the essence of living. G．The concept of van life offers benefits beyond just a change of scenery. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了住在房车里的好处。 36．答案：G 解析：根据下文“From the freedom...advantages of embracing van life.”可知，拥有房车的好处不仅仅是可以开着它们去旅行欣赏沿途的风景。G项 (房车生活的概念提供的好处不仅仅是换换风景)符合语境，引出下文。故选G。 37．答案：C 解析：根据下文“With minimal monthly expenses...high rent or house payments.”可知，住房车更划算，可以节省不少开支用于体验。C项 (住在房车里通常更划算)符合语境，引起下文。故选C。 38．答案：E 解析：空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“You can choose...the outdoors surrounded by the beauty of nature.”可知，每天在大自然中醒来，被自然的美景所包围，那么大自然便成为你日常生活的一部分。E项 (自然世界成为你日常生活中必不可少的一部分)符合语境。故选E。 39．答案：B 解析：根据小标题“Minimal Ecological Footprint”推知，空处内容应与环保相关，结合下文“They adopt solar panels...their impact on the environment.”中的They推知，空处提到的应是住房车的人都很环保。B项 (许多在房车里生活的人倾向于环保)符合语境。故选B。 40．答案：F 解析：空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Through the open road...the human experience.”推知，空处继续陈述这种生活带来的好处。F项 (更好的是，它提供了一种与生活本质重新联系的方式)符合语境。故选F。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Here I was on my way towards Mount Qomolangma.After a steep climb，it was time for our lunch __41__．Suddenly came a dog that perhaps sniffed the smell of food and __42__ me.My sympathy was aroused and I __43__ my lunch with him.To my surprise，he stayed and kept me __44__．I called him Sheru. The movement towards the summit was tough in the dark，but Sheru kept ahead of me to explore whether it was __45__．The cold winds were blowing pretty fast.I came to a spot where I placed my left foot by accident on a steep slippery rock，lost my __46__ and slipped near the cliff (悬崖).I had a lucky __47__ but I lost my hand torch (手电筒).I couldn't move without it.So I shouted out for my __48__，who were moving ahead of me，but the winds were too __49__ to let my voice be heard.Sheru ran ahead fast and he __50__ one of my mates and pulled him towards me.__51__，he had a spare torch and I could __52__ again. Finally，we __53__ the top of the mountain before sunrise.After we went down back to our base camp，Sheru __54__ without a goodbye.Maybe he was afraid that I was sorry to see him leave.But he __55__ his friendship on my memory deeply. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在登珠峰的时候，遇到了一只流浪狗，他慷慨地与狗分享了食物，后来这只狗帮助他登山，在途中还救了他。 41．A.break B．party C．event D．meeting 答案：A 解析：在爬了一段陡坡后，作者他们到了午饭时间。break是名词，意为“间隔，休息”，符合语境。 42．A.interrupted B．approached C．begged D．ignored 答案：B 解析：突然来了一只狗，那只狗大概闻到了食物的香味，并靠近了作者。 43．A.brought B．checked C．shared D．exchanged 答案：C 解析：这激起了作者的同情心，他与那只狗分享了他的午餐。 44．A.silence B．comfort C．company D．shelter 答案：C 解析：让作者感到惊奇的是，那只狗留了下来，一直陪着他。keep sb company意为“陪伴某人”，是固定搭配。 45．A.distant B．special C．high D．safe 答案：D 解析：Sheru探路是要看看是否安全。 46．A.memory B．mind C．balance D．confidence 答案：C 解析：根据前后文可知，作者左脚不小心踩在一个很滑的陡峭岩石上，他滑了一下，失去了平衡，滑到了悬崖边上。 47．A.guess B．escape C．decision D．chance 答案：B 解析：作者很幸运，逃过了掉下悬崖的危险，但他的手电筒掉了。 48．A.partners B．directors C．instructors D．competitors 答案：A 解析：没有手电筒不能前行，所以作者大声地呼喊着走在前面的同伴，但是因为风太大，同伴听不到他的声音。 49．A.mild B．weak C．timid D．fierce 答案：D 解析：参见上题解析。 50．A.accused B．limited C．stopped D．attacked 答案：C 解析：Sheru飞快地朝前跑去，它拦住作者的一个同伴，并将作者的同伴往后面拉。 51．A.Eventually B．Luckily C．Naturally D．Obviously 答案：B 解析：幸运的是，作者的同伴有备用的手电筒。有了手电筒照明，他又可以前行了。 52．A.march B．relax C．celebrate D．refresh 答案：A 解析：参见上题解析。 53．A.missed B．crossed C．abandoned D．reached 答案：D 解析：最后，作者他们在日出之前到达了山顶。 54．A.died B．fled C．disappeared D．moved 答案：C 解析：返回营地之后，那只狗没有向作者告别就消失了。 55．A.impressed B．promoted C．spent D．focused 答案：A 解析：作者猜想Sheru是害怕看到他伤心，但是Sheru的这份友谊深深地印在了作者的记忆中。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the 56.________ (develop) of industry，air pollution is getting more and more serious 57.________ (rapid).In some cities，many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because of air pollution. Air pollution is caused by the 58.________ (follow) reasons：about half of the problem is caused by vehicles.There are more and more cars，buses on the roads，and they give off 59.________ (poison) gases.25% of air pollution 60.________ (cause) by factories.Another factor is the smokers.Smoking not only does harm to their health but to others. 61.________ these，about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some 62.________ (measure) to fight against pollution.New fuel can be used to take 63.________ place of gas.We can plant more trees.If everybody 64.________ (realize) the importance of environment and does something 65.________ (stop) pollution，the problem will be solved. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了造成空气污染的原因，并呼吁人们保护环境以阻止污染。 56．答案：development 解析：考查词性转换。定冠词the与介词of之间应用名词，故填development。 57．答案：rapidly 解析：考查词性转换。应用副词修饰形容词serious，故填rapidly。 58．答案：following 解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词reasons应用形容词，following意为“如下的”，故填following。 59．答案：poisonous 解析：考查词性转换。gases为名词，应用形容词修饰，故填poisonous。 60．答案：is caused 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。cause在本句中作谓语，且与主语为被动关系，再结合上下文语境可知，时态应用一般现在时，主语为单数，故填is caused。 61．答案：Besides 解析：考查介词。根据上文可知，前面提到了三种污染因素，故此处为“除了这些”。besides意为“除……之外(还有)”，故填Besides。 62．答案：measures 解析：考查名词的单复数。measure“措施”，是可数名词，前面有some修饰，应用复数形式，故填measures。 63．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。take the place of为固定短语，意为“替代”，故填the。 64．答案：realizes 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时，又因主语everybody为不定代词，谓语动词用单数，故填realizes。 65．答案：to stop 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式表目的，故填to stop。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 为提高学生的锻炼意识和环保意识，你校学生会将于10月1日上午9：00在西湖公园组织一次plogging(跑步捡垃圾)活动。请你根据提示写一则通知，内容包括： 1．活动目的； 2．活动内容； 3．注意事项。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 NOTICE ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Students' Union [参考范文] NOTICE With the purpose of raising the awareness of taking physical exercise and protecting the environment，a plogging activity will be held by Students' Union. As scheduled，the activity is to be held at Xihu Park at 9 am on October 1st，lasting approximately two hours.Whoever has a passion for it is warmly welcome to participate in.While you are jogging，not only can it build up your body but also helps to pick up the rubbish around，which will definitely contribute to low­carbon lifestyle.It is suggested that you wear a pair of comfortable sneakers，and it is convenient to have a garbage bag with you. Looking forward to your participation.Your effort really counts! Students' Union 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·山东省潍坊市高二期末) Missy was absolutely my best friend in the whole world.We had known each other since first grade，and we literally did everything together.We frequently visited each other's homes，and we knew each other's families like they were our own.The interesting thing about our relationship，however，was that the older we got，the more our values seemed to differ.We still enjoyed a lot of the same things，but I was a bit more settled while she loved being associated with popular people and things.Although she was basically a good person，she had no problem with forcing things to go her way. Perhaps this is why it seemed that her family actually trusted me more than they trusted her.So，on the day when Missy showed up at my house with a huge dent (凹痕) in her father's car，I knew that we were in for a troublesome time. She had banged the car into a tree while out that day，and she knew her father was going to have an explanation.So she stopped by my house in order to make up a story that would lessen her father's rage.Missy decided to tell him that while in a parking lot，someone must have backed into the car and dented it.Looking at the dent with some crashed leaves and bark still sticking there，I attempted to perish (打消) her thought.“I don't think your father will buy it.”“Don't worry，” she insisted，“even if my dad doesn't trust me，he'll trust you.” My role was to confirm for her.Now keep in mind that I had strong objections to lying and I wanted absolutely nothing to do with the situation.I loved her parents just like my own，and I did not want to be a party to this lie that Missy was creating.Nevertheless，after much request and a general questioning of my loyalty to our friendship，I decided that the least I could do was to act as a silent witness.That way，I wasn't actually lying；I just wasn't telling the full truth. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 An hour or so later，we presented Missy's father with the car and the inquiry began.____ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Her father looked at me with great disbelief._____________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] An hour or so later，we presented Missy's father with the car and the inquiry began.Under a barrage of inquiries，Missy recapped her concocted story unhurriedly，while I stood there in silent agreement.After Missy finishing her seemingly perfect statement，her father raised his eyebrows and turned to me，waiting for my proof.However，once again，I chose silence under his scrutinizing eyes with my heart pounding violently.Suddenly，he walked over to the dented area for a closer inspection.It was at that point that pieces of bark from the tree that Missy had hit fell out. Her father looked at me with great disbelief.An enormous sense of guilt rose up in me as his cold eyes seemed to proclaim me as the “guilty” bystander.I was so flustered that I wanted to explain but was interrupted by his harsh words，“You guys really failed me! Especially...” Instead of continuing his reproach，he took a deep breath and turned his back on me.It dawned on me that the precious but fragile trust had been smashed by my silence.In fact，the process of how we apologized to make amends was just a blur，but the bitter lesson of being a silent accomplice was branded on my memory. 学生用书第105页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$