UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension 课时测评-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版2019）

课时测评9　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension (时间：45分钟　满分：52.5分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共40分) A (2024·广东省执信中学高二月考) You don't need to be a whale expert to know that these large animals are most at home in the depths of the world's many oceans.You may not be surprised，then，that there were no survivors when 477 pilot whales became stuck on New Zealand's remote Chatham Islands in October.It was one of the country's largest mass stranding (搁浅) incidents. Whereas in the past local authorities were able to quickly mobilize teams to try and rescue the whales，that ideal result was impossible this time.In a post published by the New Zealand whale protection non­profit organization Project Jonah，the group highlighted the many difficulties involved in any attempt at saving the whales.The remote Chatham Islands have a small population，meaning trained doctors would be unable to get to the scene in time.In addition，there was a risk posed by predators attracted to the beach which threatened both rescue teams and any other surviving whales. Due to these factors，the whales that managed to survive for a while onshore had their dreams of returning to the ocean cut short.The decision was finally made to euthanize(使安乐死) all of the remaining living whales on the beach.The general manager of Project Jonah，Daren Grover，described the outcome as “heartbreaking”，according to the New York Post. This event took place less than a month after 230 whales were found stranded on the Australian island of Tasmania.Fortunately，about 30 of those animals were able to be saved in time by local authorities，according to NPR. The cause of these mass stranding events is not clear at the moment，although various theories have been raised.Grover said that there may be an issue with the animals' echolocation ability—the sense that allows them to navigate through the water. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在新西兰查塔姆群岛数百只鲸鱼搁浅后被安乐死这一事件。 1．Why couldn't the local authorities rescue the whales this time? A．The number of stranded whales was too large. B．The majority of whales were seriously injured. C．Trained doctors in the area were all already busy. D．The island was remote and dangerous for rescue teams. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The remote Chatham Islands...any other surviving whales.”可知，由于鲸鱼搁浅的岛很偏远，且救援队面临潜在的危险，所以当局这一次无法组织实施救援。故选D项。 2．What happened to the living whales stuck on Chatham Islands? A．They returned to the ocean. B．They were killed without pain. C．They were cured by doctors. D．They were saved by the locals. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Due to these factors...the remaining living whales on the beach.”可知，被困在查塔姆群岛的鲸被实施了安乐死，即无痛苦死亡。故选B项。 3．Why does the writer mention the mass stranding in Tasmania? A．To emphasize the environmental responsibility of the government. B．To demonstrate the urgency of finding the cause of mass stranding. C．To praise the quick action taken by the local press. D．To present evidence for euthanizing stranded living whales. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“This event...the Australian island of Tasmania.”和第五段中“The cause of these mass...theories have been raised.”可推知，在查塔姆群岛鲸鱼搁浅事件后，作者又提到澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛的大规模鲸鱼搁浅事件，是为了引出下文对鲸鱼搁浅原因的讨论，说明找到鲸鱼大规模搁浅原因的紧迫性。故选B项。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The causes and effects of whale strandings. B．The need for whale protection organizations. C．The mass stranding of whales in New Zealand. D．The challenges faced in rescuing stranded whales. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要报道了在新西兰查塔姆群岛上数百只鲸鱼搁浅的事件。故选C项。 B (2024·西安高新一中高二检测) There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier，“Paper or plastic？” Well，which type of bag would you choose? While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true? Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment­friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded．Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper. Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly. There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are a better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic？” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question：“What can I do to help the environment？” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生产和回收购物纸袋实际要比塑料袋消耗更多的能源，并不有利于环境，但人们仍然认为塑料袋对环境的危害要大一些，作者认为无论何种材质，重复使用这些袋子才有利于环境。 5．Why does the author ask the question at the end of Paragraph 1? A．To express the author's doubts. B．To tell readers how to save money. C．To show the kindness of the cashier. D．To introduce the point for discussion. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“While both types of bags...that paper bags are better.”可知，作者提出问题是为了引出下文“纸袋真的更好吗？”的问题，介绍讨论的要点。故选D。 6．Compared with plastic bags，paper bags ________． A．need more water to produce B．require less energy to recycle C．have less influence on forests D．take more time to break down 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.”可知，与塑料袋相比，纸袋需要更多的水来生产。故选A。 7．What does the underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Shared. B．Discussed. C．Given up. D．Put forward. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Research shows...recycle paper.”可知，回收塑料比回收纸要更节约能源，所以纸袋比塑料更环保的想法可能很快会被放弃，故画线词意思是“放弃”，与C项意思相近。故选C。 8．Which question does the author probably hope the cashier ask? A．Paper or cloth? B．A new bag or your own one? C．Paper or plastic? D．A small bag or big one? 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.”可知，作者建议人们循环使用纸袋，由此可推知，作者希望收银员问“买个新袋子还是用你自己的袋子？”。故选B。 C (2024·四川省宜宾三中高二期末) Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.However，whether you are on the mountains，in the waves，or on the grassland，you should know that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment. Some sports are resource­hungry(资源的消耗).Golf，as you may know，eats up not only large areas of countryside，but also tons of water.Besides，all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses(球场)in good condition.This causes major environmental effects.For example，in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain，golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environmentally­friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you could take up today.You don't need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes；and you don't have to worry about resources and your wallet.Simple and free，power walking can also keep you fit.If you walk regularly，it will be good for your heart and bones.Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious，sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sport you take up，you can make it greener by using environmentally­friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms(健身房；体育馆)”．They are better replacements(代替物)for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers.Members of green gyms play sports outdoors，in the countryside or some other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.And best of all，it's free. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。运动可以让人们接触大自然，让人们保持健康。但是有些运动项目并不环保，比如高尔夫运动，作者在文章中建议我们从事户外的不需要特别设备并且免费的绿色运动。 9．What do we know about golf from the passage? A．It pollutes the environment with all sorts of chemicals. B．It needs water and other energy to keep its courses green. C．It is very popular in Portugal and Spain. D．It causes water shortages around the world. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“Golf，as you may know...in good condition.”可知，为了保持高尔夫球场常绿的状态，要耗费很多水和能源。故B项正确。 10．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of power walking according to the passage? A．It is environmentally­friendly. B．It improves our health. C．It is simple and free. D．It can make you put on weight. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句“You don't need...keep you fit.”可知ABC三项都是power walking的优点，D项与文章内容相反，故D项正确。 11．Which sport is the writer most likely to advise us to do? A．Playing basketball in a gym. B．Motor racing in the desert. C．Cycling around a lake. D．Swimming in a sports center. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后三句“Members of green gyms ...And best of all，it's free.”可知，作者建议我们要从事户外的不需要特别设备并且免费的运动。故C项正确。 12．What is the main purpose of writing the passage? A．To show us some major outdoors sports. B．To encourage us to go in for green sports. C．To discuss the influence of some popular sports. D．To introduce some environmentally­friendly sports. 答案：B 解析：写作目的题。通读全文可知，运动可以让人们接触大自然，让人们保持健康。但是有些运动项目并不环保，比如高尔夫运动，作者在文章中建议我们从事户外的不需要特别设备并且免费的绿色运动。故本文的写作目的是鼓励我们参加绿色运动。故B项正确。 D (2024·山东省临沂市高二期末) A lot of glass today made from sand and sodium carbonate(碳酸钠) can be reused or melted down and recycled into new items，but it doesn't break down in the environment and will sit in landfills for thousands of years.A team of Chinese scientists aimed to deal with this environmental concern by developing an eco­conscious alternative. In a study published recently in the journal Science Advances，a team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Process Engineering describe how they engineered biodegradable glass made from amino acids(氨基酸).That glass would have a smaller impact on the environment and can break down in a few weeks or in several months. In a test，glass beads(玻璃珠) made out of amino acids were placed under the skin of mice，and the breakdown of the bead and the skin healing process were observed for 30 days.A diagram from the study shows how the mice's bodies broke down the beads.In that month，the glass implant degraded(降解) beneath the skin，the wound site healed，and fur grew back.“Throughout the experimental period，no mice showed any pain­related behavior that may have been caused by the glass implantation，and none of them experienced obvious weight loss，” the researchers wrote in their paper. Although amino acids do degrade over time in the environment，this biodegradable glass is not as durable as traditional glass，because amino acids can break down quickly in heat.In order to overcome this barrier，the researchers chemically modified the amino acids using the heating­cooling procedure applied in glass making.This is when materials for the glass are heated to become soft and then rapidly cooled so as to make the glass tougher. “It's important to point out that this biodegradable glass is currently in the lab stage，and far from large­scale commercialization，” emphasized Yan Xuehai，a professor involved in the study，in a press release. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出一种可降解的环保玻璃。 13．What did the researchers study during the experiment? A．The mice's skin healing process. B．The breakdown of the glass beads. C．The medical value of the new glass. D．The glass degradation with less injury to the mice. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Throughout the experimental period...obvious weight loss，’the researchers wrote in their paper.”可知，研究人员在实验中研究出玻璃降解对老鼠损伤较小。故选D。 14．How do the researchers improve the durability of amino acid glass? A．Adding more amino acids. B．Heating the glass and rapidly cooling it. C．Using special chemical substances. D．Changing the producing process of glass. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This is when...the glass tougher.”可知，研究人员加热玻璃并迅速将其冷却来提高氨基酸玻璃的耐久性。故选B。 15．What does the underlined word “modified” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Transformed. B．Melted. C．Enlarged. D．Produced. 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In order to overcome this barrier，the researchers chemically”以及下文“the amino acids using the heating­cooling procedure applied in glass making”可知，为了克服这一障碍，研究人员使用玻璃制造中应用的加热—冷却程序对氨基酸进行化学转换。故画线词的意思是“转换”，与A项意思相近。故选A。 16．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A New Kind of Perfect Glass B．Amino Acids Make Glass Tougher C．Large­scale Commercial Glass Products D．Environment­friendly and Biodegradable Glass 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出一种可降解的环保玻璃。由此可知，D选项“环保型、可生物降解玻璃”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2024·山东省枣庄市高二检测) Helping the environment and protecting our resources are very important activities.__1__ There are several ways that you can help protect this planet we call home. Use reusable bags.Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment.__2__ Also，it takes decades for the bags to decompose (分解).Therefore，whether you are shopping for food，clothes or books，use a reusable bag.This cuts down on litter and prevents animals from getting hold of them. Use reusable drink containers.Instead of buying individually packaged drinks，consider buying a reusable water bottle.__3__ A lot of coffee shops，Starbucks，for example，even offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks. Save electricity.Use energy­efficient light bulbs (灯泡) instead of regular bulbs.They last longer，which will save you a bit of money.What's more，make sure you turn off lights，the TV，and other devices when you are not using them.Turn off your air conditioning or heat when it's not necessary.__4__ Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter. Save water.More water is wasted than we realize.Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth.Don't turn your shower on until you're ready to get in and wash your hair.Limit your water usage as you wash dishes.__5__ A．This is especially true as the seasons change. B．And students without doubt can make a difference. C.They last longer，which will save you a bit of money. D．Everyone should take measures to fight against the water pollution. E．These can kill animals who get stuck in them or mistake them for food. F．Not only will this help protect the environment but help you save money. G．Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种帮助环境和保护我们的资源的方法和建议。 1．答案：B 解析：根据上文“Helping the environment ...very important activities.”可知，此处应该是讲谁来保护环境和资源，选项B(毫无疑问，学生可以发挥作用。)符合语境，并且下文提出了一些保护环境和资源的方法，起到承上启下的作用。故选B项。 2．答案：E 解析：根据下文“Also，it takes...from getting hold of them.”可知，此处也在说使用塑料袋的坏处，选项E(它们可以杀死那些被困在里面或者将它们误认为是食物的动物。)中的These指的就是上文的Plastic bags，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选E项。 3．答案：F 解析：上文“Instead of buying...a reusable water bottle.”提到购买可重复使用的水瓶，以及下文“A lot of coffee shops...a reusable container for their drinks.”说明使用可重复使用的容器的优点。选项F(这不仅有助于保护环境，还能帮你省钱。)承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。 4．答案：A 解析：上文“Turn off...not necessary.”提到关掉空调或暖气可以节约用电，下文“Open your windows ...in the early winter.”提到季节变化时可以做的节约用电的方式。选项A(随着季节的变化，这一点尤其正确。)承接上文内容，同时引起下文，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选A项。 5．答案：G 解析：根据上文“More water...as you wash dishes.”可知，本段主要讲的都是关于怎样节约用水的，选项G(养成这些习惯对环境和你的钱包都有好处。)是对上文内容的总结，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选G项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$