UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking—Language points-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．adversity and courage　　　 逆境和勇气 2．small wages 微薄的薪水 3．bitter cold 严寒 4．join an expedition 参加探险 5．full of vigour 精力充沛 6．go aboard the ship 登上轮船 7．get crushed by the ice 被冰挤毁 8．our hearts sank 我们的心下沉 9．clothes and blankets 衣服和毛毯 10．a dangerous voyage 一次危险的航行 11．the navy in the world 世界上的海军 12．decent food 美味的食物 13．a cosy bedroom 舒适的卧房 14．selfish and bad­tempered 自私和脾气暴躁 15．the crew members 全体船员 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力→endure vt.忍耐；容忍 2．qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualification n．资格；限定条件 3．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv.热心地→enthusiasm n．热心；热情 4．assign vt.分派；布置；分配→assignment n．分配；任务 5．envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌 →envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的→enviously adv.羡慕地；妒忌地 6．abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；不羁的 7．belongings n．[pl.] 财物；动产→belong vi.应在(某处) 8．miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的→misery n．痛苦；悲惨；不幸 9．perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求 10．resolve vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→resolution n．决议；解决；坚定 1．规律：动词＋后缀­ance构成名词 示例：endure vt.忍耐；忍受→endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力 insure v．确保；保险→insurance n．保险 2．规律：动词＋后缀­ed构成形容词 示例：qualify vt.取得资格；使合格→qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等) satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.满意的；满足的　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．hide in a small cupboard　 躲在一个小橱柜里 2．air steward 空中乘务员 3．gas stove 煤气炉 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．拒绝(某人)　　　　　　　 turn_sb_down 2．对……热情 be_enthusiastic_about 3．出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 set_off 4．困住；陷于 be/become_stuck_in 学生用书第113页 第二组　英译汉 5．well and truly 完全地，彻底地 6．go from bad to worse 每况愈下；越来越糟 7．make it (病痛等)好转；获得成功；准时抵达；走完路程 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　完全倒装结构 教材原句　Below_are_some_of_Blackborow's_diary_entries(以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录). 2．句型公式　 so ...that ...“如此……以至于……” 教材原句　But I was so_enthusiastic_about_the_idea_of_going_along_with_them_that (满怀着想要与他们同去的想法以至于)I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard. 3．句型公式　 too ...to ...“太……而不能……” 教材原句　Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island，1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too_dangerous_and_difficult_for_all_of_us_to_make_it(对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了以至于无法到达)in our small boats. Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力 (教材原句)Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914.珀西·布莱克博罗于1914年加入欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“坚忍”号南极探险之旅。 (1)beyond endurance　　忍无可忍 (2)endure v. 忍耐；忍受 endure doing sth 忍耐做某事 (3)endurable adj. 可忍受的；耐用 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)Driven beyond endurance，Tom ran away from the plantation. (2)He can't endure being_defeated (defeat) by his partner. (3)He decided to help those children who were enduring the poor living conditions. →He decided to help those children enduring_the_poor_living_conditions．(用动词­ing形式改写) turn sb down 拒绝(某人) (教材原句)However，when I applied to join the expedition，Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified. 然而，当我申请参加这次探险时，沙克尔顿却拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不具备资格。 turn to　　求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；从事于 turn in 上交；归还 turn out 结果是；证明是 turn up 开大，调高；出现；露面 turn over 翻过来；移 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 (1)He promised to come today，but he hasn't turned up yet. (2)You must turn in your pass when you leave the building. 学生用书第114页 (3)他经历了一些痛苦的事情，睡不着觉，在床上时不时地翻来覆去。 Having undergone something miserable，he did not fall asleep，turning_over_in_bed_from time_to_time． qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等) (1)be qualified for sth　　 有资格获得某物 be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事 (2)qualify vt.&vi. (使)具备资格；(使)合格 qualify sb for sth 使某人有资格获得某物 qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事 (3)qualification n. 资格；资历；资格证 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)I have taken part in several similar activities，which will qualify me for the voluntary work. (2)Last year，one in five boys left school without a qualification(qualify). (3)The test will qualify you to_drive (drive) the new car. (4)He is looking for a person who is qualified to do the job. →He is looking for a person qualified_to_do_the_job．(用形容词短语作定语改写) enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 (教材原句)But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship，the Endurance，and hid in a small cupboard. 但是，满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍”号轮船，躲在一个小橱柜里。 (1)be enthusiastic about　　　　　 对……充满热情 be enthusiastic to do sth 做某事很热情 (2)enthusiasm n. 热情；热心 with enthusiasm＝enthusiastically 热情 单句语法填空/应用文写作之旅游 (1)The young girl is very enthusiastic to_read(read) a novel in her spare time. (2)Bernard and John still made popcorn with enthusiasm (enthusiastic) in spite of several failures. (3)报告说，游客对自驾游更充满热情。 The report said visitors_were_more_enthusiastic_about traveling by car. aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) (1)go aboard the bus/train/ship/plane　 上汽车/火车/轮船/飞机 Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐(车、船、飞机)! (2)board n. 板 v. 登记；上船 on board 在船/火车/飞机 [温馨提示]　注意区分aboard和abroad abroad adv.在国外；到海外 both at home and abroad　国内外 单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 (1)All the people on board were killed in the accident. (2)In fact，documentaries about our country are plentiful both at home and abroad． 学生用书第115页 (3)这对年轻夫妇一上船，他们就吃东西、说话、大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅存的人。 The instant the young couple went_aboard_the_ship/boarded_the_ship，they ate，talked and laughed loudly as if they were the only people in the world. assign vt.分派；布置；分配 (教材原句)He assigned me to be a steward，and I now serve meals for twenty­eight men，three times a day. 他指派我担任服务员，我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。 (1)assign sb sth＝assign sth to sb把某物分配给某人 assign sb to do sth 指派某人做某事 (2)assignment n. (分派的)工作；任务 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)My company has assigned me to_negotiate(negotiate) business with you. (2)You need to complete three assignments (assign) each week. (3)He was not satisfied with the car which was assigned to him. →He was not satisfied with the car assigned_to_him．(用动词­ed形式作定语改写) envy n．&vt.羡慕；妒忌 (教材原句)How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方，大家该会多么羡慕我啊！ (1)be the envy of　　　　 成为……羡慕/妒忌的对象 (2)envy sb (doing) sth 羡慕/妒忌某人(做)某事 (3)envious adj. 羡慕的；妒忌 单句语法填空/应用文写作之人物介绍 (1)Her long hair is the envy of her colleagues. (2)When I was very small，I felt so envious(envy) to see the children riding bicycles，and I thought they were so cool. (3)我羡慕他的热情和充沛的精力，他似乎从不感到疲惫。 I envied_him_being enthusiastic and full of vigour and it seemed that he never felt exhausted. abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 (教材原句)Before we abandoned the ship，Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats，our food，the cook stove，candles，clothes，and blankets. 在我们弃船之前，沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起，告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。 (1)abandon oneself to ...　 沉溺于……，纵情于…… abandon doing sth 放弃做某事 (2)with abandon 放纵地，放任地 (3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 be abandoned to (doing) 沉湎于…… ＝abandon oneself to (doing 单句语法填空/句型转换 (1)However，last month，these plans were_abandoned (abandon) because of financial problems. (2)The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon. 学生用书第116页 (3)They abandoned carrying (carry)out the plan for lack of money. (4)I abandoned myself to computer games.I performed extremely badly in the examination. →Abandoning_myself_to_computer_games，I performed extremely badly in the examination.(用动词­ing形式短语作状语改写) →Abandoned_to_computer_games，I performed extremely badly in the examination.(用动词­ed形式短语作状语改写) belongings n. [pl.]财物；动产 (教材原句)We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings，and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. 我们绝大部分的个人物品都被禁止携带，沙克尔顿自己则扔掉了他所有的黄金。 (1)belonging n.　　 归属 (2)belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应，合得来 belong to 属于；是……的成员(不用于进行时态和被动语态) 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)My heart sank when I learned that all my belongings (belong) had been stolen. (2)In my opinion，you'd better put the book where it belongs(belong). (3)众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。 →It is known to us that China is a country which_belongs_to the Third World.(定语从句) →As is known to us，China is a country belonging_to the Third World.(动词­ing形式作定语) resolve vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念 (教材原句)Their genuine concern for others，their perseverance，and their resolve fill me with hope. 他们对他人的真诚关怀、他们的毅力以及坚定的信念，让我充满了希望。 (1)resolve to do sth　　 决定做某事 resolve on 决定/决心…… (2)resolution n. 决议；解决；坚 单句语法填空/读后续写之细节描写 (1)We must find a way to_resolve(resolve) these problems before it's too late. (2)Once she has made a resolution(resolve) to do it，you won't get her to change her mind. (3)我已经决定把这项最具挑战性的任务分配给汤姆——一个既勤奋又热情的人。 I have_resolved_to_assign the most challenging task to Tom—a hard­working and enthusiastic man. 学生用书第117页 一、一词多义——hold on A．等一下　B．抓紧　 C．坚持住，挺住 1．If he can just hold on a little longer，we can help him.__C__ 2．Hold on！I can't hear what you are saying.__A__ 3．It's pretty windy.You'd better hold on to your hat.__B__ 二、熟词生义 1．It was resolved that the matter be referred to a higher authority.表决 2．I couldn't have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.艰苦的 3．For the convenience of her twin daughters，she furnished the bathroom with two showers，and two sinks.洗脸盆；洗涤槽　　 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：完全倒装结构 (教材原句)Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 以下是布莱克博罗的几篇日记摘录。 (1)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，而主语比较长且主语是名词时，为了保持句子平衡或强调表语，常把表语置于句首，引起句子完全倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”。 (2)表示处所、时间、方位等的副词如 here、 there、 now、 then、 up、 down、 in、 out、 off 等或介词(短语)放在句首，而主语是名词，且谓语动词是be、 lie、 sit、 stand、 come、 go、 exist、 live、 rush等不及物动词时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)there be句型也属于一种完全倒装。该句型中的be可以替换成表示“存在”的动词，如live、 exist、 lie、 stand、 seem、 rise、 remain、 happen、 come、 go等。句型结构为“there＋存在类动词＋主语”。 [温馨提示]　完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 补全句子/句型转换 (1)Present_at_the_conference_were(出席会议的是) those who had made great contributions to the project. (2)In_front_of_our_school_lies_a_beautiful_river(我们学校前面有一条美丽的河流)，where we will relax ourselves after school. (3)A young man with a book in his hand is sitting by the window. →By the window is_sitting_a_young_man with a book in his hand. 句型公式：too ...to ...“太……而不能……” (教材原句)Soon after we arrived，Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island，1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats.我们来到此处不久之后，沙克尔顿就离开我们，前往1 320公里之外的南乔治亚岛寻求帮助——这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了，乘坐小船肯定无法每个人都到达。 (1)too＋形容词/副词(for sb)＋to do sth表示否定意义，意为“太……而不能……”。 (2)当too ...to ...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious、 eager、 glad、 happy、 pleased、 ready、 willing等时，动词不定式表示肯定意义。 (3)can't/can never ...too ...意为“再怎么……也不过分” 单句语法填空/应用文写作之感谢信 (1)In my view，the problem is too difficult for me to_solve (solve). 学生用书第118页 (2)He was too eager to_know (know) the result of his examination. (3)要不是你慷慨的帮助，我不会找到这样一份体面的工作。因此，我怎么感谢你都不为过。 But for your generous help，I wouldn't have found such a decent job.So I can't_thank_you_too much． 维度一　品句填词 1．In the swimming class，we first learn how to let the body not sink(下沉)into the water. 2．To our relief，none of the passengers and crew(全体工作人员)were injured in the incident. 3．I don't envy (羡慕) the young ones who've become TV superstars. 4．He showed remarkable endurance (忍耐力) throughout his illness. 5．Both sides met in order to try to resolve (解决) their differences. 6．Five members of Scott's expedition (探险队)made it to the South Pole. 7．After dinner the men wrapped themselves in their blankets (毯子)and slept. 8．The average monthly wage(工资) reflects people's living standards in an area. 9．It is said that good medicine tastes bitter，but is good for health. 10．Living aboard a ship means that you can't always count on having medical equipment nearby. 维度二　词形转换 1．Please take away all your belongings (belong) when you leave the room. 2．He saw the envious (envy)look in the other boy's eyes. 3．They showed great perseverance (persevere) in the face of difficulty. 4．His endurance (endure) was remarkable as he finished the marathon with ease. 5．The tour guide was knowledgeable and qualified (qualify)，making our trip enjoyable. 6．I suggest that everyone should pursue their hobbies enthusiastically (enthusiastic) for personal growth. 7．The teacher gave us a challenging assignment (assign) to complete over the weekend. 8．The dog seemed abandoned (abandon)，searching for food in the trash cans. 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．碰巧那封信还没有被寄走。(happen) It_happened_that the letter hadn't got posted. 2．小女孩看到妹妹时激动得说不出话来。(too...to...) The little girl was too_excited_to_speak when she saw her sister. 学生用书第119页 3.时间快用完了，救援人员决定破门而入去救那个女孩。(resolve) With time running out，the rescuers resolved_to_break_in to save the girl. 4．同学们如此激动以至于爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。(so...that...；倒装句) So_excited_were_the_students_that they broke into thunderous applause. 5．这家饭店隔壁还有多栋大楼和另一家装修华丽的大酒店。(完全倒装句) Next_to_this_restaurant_stand_many_buildings_and_another_grand_hotel which is beautifully decorated. 维度四　教材知识迁移 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Perce Blackborow had been dreaming of a wonderful adventure，so he didn't give up when Sir Ernest Shackleton turned down his request to join the expedition.Perce 1.secretly (secret) hid in a cupboard，only 2.to_be_found (find)after they set off.He felt fortunate and happy when he 3.was_assigned (assign) as a steward instead of being sent back home. It was a tough journey.The ship got 4.stuck (stick) in the ice as they approached Antarctica and they had to abandon the ship.5.Under the guidance of Sir Ernest，they 6.threw (throw) away nearly everything except necessities and a banjo，7.which kept their spirits up during the journey.Finally Sir Ernest left for South Georgia Island to find help.The desperate situation made young Perce Blackborow feel down and become bad­tempered.It was the genuine 8.encouragement (encourage)and concern from Frank Wild that cheered him up.Frank and Ernest's resolve and perseverance filled him with hope.Realizing that he shouldn't become selfish just because of 9.the adversity they were faced with，he learned to be optimistic and 10.determined(determine). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$