UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking—Language points-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．abuse one's power　　　 滥用权力 2．physical health 身体健康 3．a cue for more beer (要喝)更多啤酒的暗示 4．a financial reward 经济奖励 5．facilitate learning 促进学习 6．a negative attitude 消极的态度 7．a pessimistic view 悲观的看法 8．strict discipline 严格的纪律 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．alcohol n．酒；酒精→alcoholic adj.酒精的，含酒精的 n．酒鬼，酗酒者 2．psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj.心理学的 3．dominate vt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势→domination n．控制；支配 4．repeatedly adv.重复地→repeated adj.重复的，反复发生的 5．rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的 6．examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n．考试；(仔细的)检查 1．规律：名词＋后缀­cal构成形容词 示例：psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj.心理学的 botany n．植物学→botanical adj.植物学的 2．规律：动词＋后缀­ation构成名词 示例：examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n．考试；(仔细的)检查 combine v．结合；联合→combination n．结合；联合　　 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．a tobacco plant　　　　　　　 烟草植物 2．facilitate a positive change 促进积极改变 3．take an escalator 乘自动扶梯 4．a sleeping pill 安眠药丸 5．delete an email 删除邮件 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．回答；答复 in_response_to 2．依赖；依靠；信赖 rely_on 3．立即；马上 straight_away 4．决定；选定 decide_on 5．终归；毕竟；别忘了 after_all 第二组　英译汉 6．lead to 导致；通向 7．be/become involved in 参与…… 8．(be) based on 以……为基础 9．over and over again 一再地；反复不断地 10．act as 担任；充当 11．rather than 而不是 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．句型公式　状语从句的省略 教材原句　These bad habits，if_left_unchecked(如果放任不管)，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. 2．句型公式　动词­ed形式短语作定语 教材原句　There is a famous saying based_on_the_philosophy_of_Aristotle(基于Aristotle的哲学思想)：“We are what we repeatedly do.” 3．句型公式　not...but...不是……而是…… 教材原句　In fact，the most successful way to change is not_suddenly，but_over_a_period_of time(不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间). 学生用书第43页 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 dominate vt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势 (教材原句)To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential. 防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。 (1)dominate sb/sth　　 支配/控制某人；影响某事 (2)domination n. 控制；支 单句语法填空/应用文写作之建议信 (1) As a child，little Mary was_dominated (dominate) by her mother. (2)One big reason for the decrease of store shopping is the domination (dominate) of online shopping. (3)保持冷静，做几次深呼吸。不要让愤怒支配你。 Keep cool，and take a few deep breaths.Don't_let_anger_dominate_you． in response to回答；答复 (教材原句)Secondly，there is a “routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue. 第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。 (1)in response　　　 作为答复 make a response to 对……做出回答/回应 (2)respond vi. 做出反应；回应；回答 respond to 答复；对……做出回 单句语法填空/应用文写作之介绍信 (1) I asked her if she would attend Barbara's party to be held the next week，but she made no response to my letter. (2)In response，the Chinese government has made great efforts to educate Chinese tourists on appropriate behaviour. (3)Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it. (4)我写信简要介绍一下京剧，以答复你的请求。 I'm writing to have a brief introduction of Beijing Opera in_response_to_your_request． reward n．回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 (教材原句)Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. 第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。 (1)as a reward (for ...) 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励 (2)reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物奖励/回报某人 (3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；有意义 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)I will reward you with an electric bike for helping me get rid of tobacco abuse. (2)I hold the firm belief that you will have a rewarding (reward) experience there. 学生用书第44页 (3)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。 →I'm very glad to show you around Beijing in_reward_for_your_generous_help．(in reward for) →I'm more than delighted to show you around Beijing as_a_reward_for_your_generous help．(as a reward) rely on依赖；依靠；信赖 (教材原句)The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。 (1)rely vi.　　　　　　 依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on (doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人做某事 rely on it that ... 相信……；指望…… (2)reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖 [温馨提示]　rely on后跟that从句时，常在从句之前加it，有类似用法的动词(短语)还有：appreciate、hate、depend on、see to等。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之自荐信 (1)Many people now would rely on surfing(surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news. (2)Those who can be_relied on at any time are reliable friends.(rely) (3)As he lacks relevant experience，you can't rely on him to_perform (perform) the task. (4)相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。 You can rely_on_it_that my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors' understanding of traditional Chinese culture. straight away立即；马上 (教材原句)Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up. 我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。 “立即；马上”来集合 right away，right now，at once，in no time，immediately，in an instant＝instantl 单句语法填空/读后续写之情感描写 (1)If you have any doubts about your health，you'd better consult your doctor at once. (2)Instantly(instant)，he took off his coat and jumped into the water. (3)I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to normal in no time. (4)她的弟弟看出她很尴尬，就马上过来帮助她。 Seeing that she was quite embarrassed，her younger brother came to her assistance straight away/right_away/right_now/at_once/in_no_time/immediately/instantly/in_an_instant． 学生用书第45页 pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 (1)be pessimistic about　　 对……悲观 (2)optimistic adj. 乐观的 be optimistic about 对……乐 佳句 Being optimistic rather than pessimistic，the sculptor can handle various hardships in his routine life.这位雕刻家乐观而不悲观，能够处理日常生活中各种各样的困难。 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)The doctors are pessimistic about his chances of recovery. (2)Though he was badly injured，he was very optimistic about his future. (3)Though_badly_injured，he_was_very_optimistic_about_his_future.[用省略句改写句(2)] decide on决定；选定 (教材原句) ...you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. ……你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些做出改变。 (1)decide to do sth　　 决定做某事 (2)decision n. 决定 arrive at/come to/reach/make a decision 做出决 单句语法填空/应用文写作之通知 (1) We looked at all the cats in the pet store and finally decided on a little black­and­white one. (2)We finally decided to_stay (stay) where we were. (3)为了保护中国文化遗产，我们学校已经决定邀请一些著名的艺术家于下周五下午4点到6点在学校礼堂演出。 To protect the Chinese cultural heritage，our school has_decided/arrived_at/come to/reached/made_a_decision_to_invite some famous artists to put on performances in the school auditorium from 4：00 pm to 6：00 pm next Friday. 一、一词多义——abuse A．vt.虐待　B．vt.滥用　C．n.滥用　D．vt.辱骂 1．He abused alcohol and tobacco，so he was physically unhealthy.__B__ 2．Mary has a difficult life and is often abused by her stepmother.__A__ 3．His parents often criticize and abuse him with sharp words.__D__ 4．To our shock，the person of high rank suffered a lot from drug abuse.__C__ 二、熟词生义 1．Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relax.训练方法 2．The percentage of false negatives generated by the cancer test is of great concern.阴性　　 学生用书第46页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：状语从句的省略 (教材原句)These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. 如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。 单句语法填空/句型转换 (1)While enjoying(enjoy) the meal，some talented students gave a wonderful folk dance performance，making the elderly very happy. (2)When asked(ask) about the secret of his success，he said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. (3)If it is necessary，you should turn to your parents for help. →If_necessary，you should turn to your parents for help.(状语从句的省略) 句型公式： not...but...意为“不是……而是……” (教材原句)In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time. 事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。 本句中含有“not...but...”结构，意为“不是……而是……”。 (1)“not...but...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数要遵循“就近原则”； (2)“not only...but also...”“either...or...”“neither...nor...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数也要遵循“就近原则”。 单句语法填空/应用文写作之学校生活 (1)Without learning a lesson from our mistakes，we would neither improve skills nor realise our goals. (2)It is more meaningful not to shout empty slogans but to donate books and sports goods to children in need. (3) There was some evidence that not the passengers but the driver was (be) to be responsible for the accident. (4)不仅孩子们喜欢踢足球，他们的教练也喜欢。 Not_only_the_children_but_also_their_coach_likes playing football. 维度一　品句填词 1．The doctor examined(检查) her but found nothing wrong. 2．The company dominated(支配)the market in the 1990s. 3．Senior high students should help each other and facilitate (促进) the sharing of resources. 4．At present we do not have programs for clinical psychology (心理学). 5．He told me to take these pills (药片) every four hours. 6．Devote yourself to your job and you will be rewarded (给以报酬). 学生用书第47页 7.They have cleared up the cause of the physical (物理学的) change. 8．Those who love animals hold the view that animal abuse(虐待)should be banned. 9．Our soldiers have strict discipline and are able to protect our country from attack. 10．Studies have shown that wearing leggings(女士紧身裤)in winter can have a negative impact on women's health despite looking nice. 维度二　词形转换 1．Some psychologists (psychology) believe that the process of acquiring knowledge is far more important than habits. 2．Physically (physical) attractive people are more likely to be treated well by others. 3．At present，do you think it's really reliable (rely) to pay by “swiping your face(刷脸)”？ 4．In response (respond) to the prevention and control requirement，all large gatherings have been cancelled. 5．I'm a natural pessimist (pessimistic)；I usually expect the worst. 维度三　固定搭配和句式 1．从每个班选出的学生参加了比赛。(动词­ed形式作定语) The students selected_from_every_class took part in the competition. 2．当被问及需要什么时，孩子们回答说他们想要被爱。(状语从句的省略) When_asked_what_they_needed，the kids said they wanted to be loved. 3．下周你哪个晚上有空？如果有，让我们一起吃顿饭吧。(省略结构) Will you get a free evening next week？If_so，let's_have_a_meal． 4．你可以相信她不会迟到的。(rely) You_may_rely_on_it_that she won't be late. 5．我弄错了。不是红的那个，而是蓝的那个。(not...but...) I got it wrong.It wasn't_the_red_one_but_the_blue_one． 维度四　教材知识迁移 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As teenagers grow up，it is easy for some of them to form bad habits，which，if 1.left (leave)unchecked，could lead to 2.more (many)serious ones when they become adults.According to modern psychology，to change bad habits，we must first analyse them 3.using (use)the “habit cycle”.4.To_facilitate (facilitate)a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by 5.combining (combine)the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.Aside 6.from changing bad habits，we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.In fact，7.changing (change)a bad habit is difficult and 8.it is easy to make excuses and give up.To reach the goal of change，we need to make up our minds，show some discipline and make small 9.changes (change)over time.There is no “magic pill” to help us，but changing will 10.ensure (sure)we have a happy and healthy life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$