精品解析：北京市大兴区2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末英语试题

大兴区2024~2025 学年度第一学期期末检测 初三英语 考生须知 1. 本试卷共10页，共两部分，共五道大题，38道小题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。 2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号。 3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My father is a doctor. ________ reads English medical magazines every day. A. He B. She C. They D. We 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我父亲是一名医生。他每天阅读英语医学杂志。 考查代词辨析。He他；She她；They他们；We我们。根据“My father is a doctor.”可知，此处应用人称代词的主格“He”指代“My father”。故选A。 2. Mike often goes to mountains to collect different stones ________ Sundays. A. for B. in C. on D. at 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：迈克经常在星期天上山收集不同的石头。 考查介词辨析。for为了……；in在……，后接月份，年份，季节等；on在……，后接具体的某一天；at在……，后接时刻。根据“Sundays”可知，此处指每个周日，为具体的一天。故选C。 3. —Hi, Bob, ________ you swim? —Yes, I can. But I’m not good at swimming. A. must B. can C. may D. could 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——嗨，鲍勃，你会游泳吗？——是的，我会。但是我不擅长游泳。 考查情态动词。must必须；can能，会；may也许；could能，过去式。根据“Yes, I can.”可知，时态为一般现在时，且对能力提问用can。故选B。 4. This term, the inter-class break is ________ than before for students in Beijing. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：本学期，北京学生的课间休息比原来要长。 考查形容词的比较级。long长的，原级；longer更长的，比较级；longest最长的，最高级。根据“...than before...”可知，此处用形容词的比较级。故选B。 5. — Hi, Lily. ________ was your social practice yesterday? — Wow, it was fantastic. A. What B. When C. How D. Where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——嗨，莉莉。昨天的社会实践怎么样？——哇，非常棒。 考查特殊疑问词。What什么；When什么时候；How怎么样；Where哪里。根据答句“Wow, it was fantastic.”可知，上文应该是询问社会实践怎么样，故选C。 6. Mary was ill, ________ she still took the math exam yesterday. A. and B. but C. so D. or 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：玛丽生病了，但是昨天她依然参加了数学考试。 考查连词辨析。and和；but但是；so因此；or否则。根据“Mary is ill,...she still took...”可知，两句话之间是转折关系，用but。故选B。 7. Every year, millions of travelers ________ Beijing hutong to experience local culture. A. visit B. visits C. vsited D. is visiting 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：每年，数以百万计的游客来到北京胡同体验当地文化。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据“Every year”可知用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语用动词原形。故选A。 8. Next Friday, my classmates and I ________ the amazing performance at the school hall. A enjoys B. enjoyed C. is enjoying D. will enjoy 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：下周五，我和同学们将在学校礼堂欣赏精彩的表演。 考查一般将来时。根据“Next Friday”可知，此句时态为一般将来时，结构为will do。故选D。 9. —Hey, Mike, what were you doing when it rained yesterday? —I ________ in the library. A. read B. reads C. will read D. was reading 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——嘿，迈克，昨天下雨的时候你在干什么？——我在图书馆看书。 考查过去进行时。根据“what were you doing when it rained yesterday”可知，答句要用过去进行时，表示昨天下雨时正在进行的动作，结构为was/were doing，主语为I，be动词用was。故选D。 10. I ________ to play the Erhu for ten years and now I’m crazy about it. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. was learning 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我学二胡已经十年了，现在我很痴迷于它。 考查动词时态。根据“for ten years”可知，此句时态是现在完成时，结构为have/has done，故选C。 11. Shanhaijing, also known as the Classic of Mountains and Seas, ________ over 2,000 years ago. A. write B. wrote C. is written D. was written 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：《山海经》，又称《山海经》，写于2000多年前。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“over 2,000 years ago”可知，此句时态为一般过去时。Shanhaijing与write是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般过去时态的被动语态。结构为was/were written。主语为第三人称单数的Shanhaijing，be动词用was。故选D。 12. —Sam, do you know ________ during the Mid-Autumn Festival? —Sure, let me tell you. A. what Chinese people usually do B. what do Chinese people usually do C. what Chinese people usually did D. what did Chinese people usually do 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——山姆，你知道中国人在中秋节通常做什么吗？——当然，让我告诉你。 考查宾语从句的时态和语序。空处位于动词know后，为宾语从句。此句时态遵循“主现从不限”。从句表示经常性习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。排除选项C和D。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，即主语+谓语的语序。故选A。 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 At the far end of town, next to a dark forest, sat a white house. Kids at my school were curious about the terrible house, but actually it was where I lived with my family. Mom cleaned every room and painted the inside. But the outside still looked ____13____. I never told anyone that I lived in that white house. Then one day, Eddie, a boy in my history class, shouted loudly, “I can’t believe Sarah lives in that terrible house. I thought only wild animals lived there!” I felt my face grew hot and held back a tear. “The house will look a lot better once we have it ____14____...” I opened my book, pretending (假装) to read. The next day at school, an older boy named Juan stopped me in the hall. “I heard you are interested in having your house painted. My friend David and I are starting a paint ____15____. Can we give you a quote (报价)?” “It’s actually a nice house — good bones,” he continued. “And a paint job can make a house look new.” I was touched by his words. “Thanks. Let me talk to my Mom and get back to you.” After school, I told Mom and Gram about the ____16____. “I have a little money I could give you,” Gram said. “I have some money, but I’m sure it won’t be enough.” Mom said ____17____. In the morning, an idea hit me in my head. At school, I saw Juan and waved him down. “Have you painted any houses yet, Juan?” “Not yet. We just started.” “Well, what if you paint my house as a sample (样板)? Instead of ____18____ you, we would let you put a sign in our yard to advertise, and people could see what a great job you’ve done. You know, one good ____19____ is worth a million dollars.” Juan laughed. “How about if in addition to a sign, you pay for the paint… and buy us a pizza?” “It might work,” I said, smiling. With the money I collected, we were able to ____20____ Juan’s offer. Each day, as Juan and David worked, every brushstroke was like magic. When the painting was done, the house looked amazing. At the top, there was a lovely board “Sunny House by Juan & David”. Now, the house was very beautiful, inside and outside, and I felt proud of what I had done to it. 13. A. colorful B. beautiful C. awful D. useful 14. A. sold B. built C. locked D. painted 15. A. journey B. business C. activity D. research 16. A. offer B. reply C. advice D. difficulty 17. A. angrily B. proudly C. sadly D. excitedly 18. A. thanking B. paying C. teaching D. trusting 19. A. advertisement B. friend C. job D. house 20. A. believe B. question C. choose D. accept 【答案】13. C 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述作者居住的房子看起来很可怕，但是没钱修整，后来他努力和做粉刷生意的Juan进行了交易，Juan把房子变美的同时也为自己的生意打好了广告。 【13题详解】 句意：但是外面仍然看起来很糟糕。 colorful多彩的；beautiful美丽的；awful可怕的；useful有用的。根据“Kids at my school were curious about the terrible house”可知，这个房子是可怕的，故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：这房子若是粉刷一遍，会看起来好一些。 sold卖；built建造；locked锁；painted粉刷。根据“Mom cleaned every room and painted the inside.But the outside...”可知，房间里面粉刷了，但是外面没有。故选D。 【15题详解】 句意：我的朋友David和我在做粉刷的生意。我们可以给你一个报价吗？ journey旅行；business生意；activity活动；research研究。根据“Can we give you a quote”可知，他们是在做生意，才讲报价。故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：放学后，我告诉妈妈和奶奶这个建议。 offer提议；reply回复；advice建议；difficulty困难。根据“Thanks. Let me talk to my Mom and get back to you.”可知，回去告诉妈妈，这个提议。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：“我有一些钱，但是我确定不够”。妈妈悲伤地说。 angrily生气地；proudly自豪地；sadly悲伤地；excitedly兴奋地。根据“I have some money, but I’m sure it won’t be enough.”可知，妈妈钱不够，她悲伤地说。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：我们不付钱给你，但是我们会让你在我们的院子里放一个标志来打广告。 thanking感谢；paying支付；teaching教；trusting相信。根据“How about if in addition to a sign, you pay for the paint…”可知，这里指支付涂漆的钱。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：一条好的广告价值百万。 advertisement广告；friend朋友；job工作；house房子。根据“we would let you put a sign in our yard to advertise, ”可知，这里指打广告。故选A。 【20题详解】 句意：用我收集到的钱，我们能接受Juan的提议。 believe相信；question问题；choose选择；accept接受。根据“It might work,” I said, smiling.”可知，我接受了Juan的提议。故选D。 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） 阅读下列新书介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的书籍，并将书籍所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上，其中一个选项为多余选项。 ____21____ I am interested in natural world. I want to know more about the strange animals and insects. ____22____ I am going to finish my primary school and I want to read something about how to deal with the changes ahead. ____23____ I like reading stories. This winter holiday I would like to read some exciting stories about time machines. New Books A. Paul is starting his last year of primary school. There are changes ahead and even his best friend seems different. Can some friends, a teacher and his love of books help him out? B. Esha plans to win the Brain Trophy (奖杯) with her invention of a time machine. Her big sister is accidentally transported to the past and Esha must take on hungry dinosaurs to get her sister back. C. Jordan, Drew, Liam and their friends are heading to a big city on a school trip. Jordan can’t wait to explore the city’s museums — but there will be unexpected challenges ahead. D. Why do jumping beans jump? How do sea cucumbers protect themselves? What causes the northern light? If you’re interested in nature, you’ll enjoy these stories of the most unusual natural world. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一些人物的需求，要求根据需求选出合适的书籍。 【21题详解】 根据“I am interested in natural world. I want to know more about the strange animals and insects.”可知Alice感兴趣于自然界，尤其是奇怪的动物和昆虫，D项“跳豆为什么会跳？海参如何保护自己？是什么导致了北极光？如果你对大自然感兴趣，你会喜欢这些最不寻常的自然世界的故事。”与之相匹配。故选D。 【22题详解】 根据“I am going to finish my primary school and I want to read something about how to deal with the changes ahead.”可知Tony即将毕业于小学，他想了解如何应对即将面临的变化，A项“保罗即将开始小学的最后一年。前方会有变化，甚至他最好的朋友似乎也变得不同了。一些朋友、一位老师和他对书籍的热爱能帮助他吗？”与之相匹配。故选A。 【23题详解】 根据“I like reading stories. This winter holiday I would like to read some exciting stories about time machines.”可知Harry喜欢阅读关于时间机器的兴奋人心的故事，B项“艾莎计划凭借她发明的时间机器赢得大脑奖杯。她的姐姐意外地被传送到了过去，艾莎必须对抗饥饿的恐龙才能找回她的姐姐。”与之相匹配。故选B。 （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 B On a Saturday morning, I planned to go to the pool but Mom asked me to watch my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie because she had an important job interview. “Couldn’t Julie watch them instead?” I asked. “She can help, but she’s only ten. I’ll feel better with a fifteen-year-old in charge (负责).” Mom gave me a kiss and off she went. About ten o’clock, the kids were playing in the front yard while I was reading my sports magazine, with my headphones on. Deeply lost in a really cool story, I hardly noticed Julie already standing over me. I took my headphones off. “Look at the sky,” she said in a quivery (颤抖的) voice. I rolled my eyes at her. That was when I saw a huge, gray-black tornado snaked down from the sky to the ground. I couldn’t believe it—a real, live tornado! And headed our way in high speed! I was so afraid that my heart jumped up almost to my ears. I tried hard to remember the facts I learned about tornado safety in school. Get low. Find a basement, or if you’ re caught outside, find the lowest place you can. Looking around us, my eyes stopped on a ditch (沟) about a hundred yards off. “Julie,” I shouted, taking Lyssa quickly. “Get Dougie and follow me to the ditch!” We were making our way hard because of the wind and rain. Suddenly we all fell on a muddy bottom two feet below. I made everyone lie as flat as they could, arms protecting their heads. Trash rained down on us and the tornado blew away almost everything. I thought we were goners for sure… But the next moment, it was over. I lifted my head and saw the tornado rushing away. Soon the sky began to lose its dark color. I kept touching kids, amazed we were all OK. Standing on the mess, I couldn’t stop thinking what if Julie’d been watching them and I’d been at the pool! 24. What did the writer plan to do at first? A. To watch movies. B. To have a job interview. C To go to the pool. D. To read sports magazines. 25. What did the writer feel when he saw the real live tornado? A. Funny. B. Afraid. C. Disappointed. D. Upset. 26. What can we know from the last sentence? A. The writer felt lucky to protect his sisters and brother. B. The writer felt regretful to stay with his sisters and brother. C. The writer felt proud that he had learned about tornado safety. D. The writer felt sorry that his house was destroyed by the tornado. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在照顾自己的弟弟妹妹时遇到龙卷风最后化险为夷的事情。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I planned to go to the pool but Mom asked me to watch my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie because she had an important job interview.”可知，作者一开始计划去泳池。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I was so afraid that my heart jumped up almost to my ears.”可知，当作者看到真实的龙卷风时，他感到害怕。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I couldn’t stop thinking what if Julie’d been watching them and I’d been at the pool!”可推出，作者对于由于自己没有去游泳池以及朱莉看到了天空的异样而保护了他的弟弟妹妹感到庆幸。故选A。 C Isn’t it strange that, when something’s funny, you might show your teeth, change your breathing, become weak and achy in some places, and maybe even cry? In other words, why do we do this funny thing—laughter? Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories. Importantly, humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter. By recording sounds, researchers in the late 90s realized that mice were doing something like laughter while being tickled (挠痒痒). Scientists have also studied at least 65 kinds of animals—mostly mammals, but also some birds—and find that they laugh during social play. By recording and studying the laughter-like sounds apes (猿类) make during play, researchers think laughter may have developed to clearly show friendliness from the beginning. But of course, we humans don’t just laugh when we’re playing, but also when we’re amused, and even surprised, confused, or nervous. Some scientists think after humans separated from other great apes and developed large social groups and more complex (复杂的) language abilities, laughter took on more purposes. They find that laughter gradually became something we could use not just during play but within speech to express meanings and to show our emotions. This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious (传染的): it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state. Just hearing laughter can activate key areas in your brain, causing you to smile or laugh yourself. And, when people in one study watched a funny video, they laughed longer and more often when another person was present—even though they reported feeling the same level of amusement. And laughter is not just socially important; it’s also thought to be good for us. When we laugh, our brains produce feel-good chemicals and lower levels of stress. Some research even suggests that people who laugh more can deal with stress more effectively and have better health. Laughter is a universal human behavior. Babies can laugh before they can speak. Whether it’s the best medicine depends on your illness. But as something that makes life happier, strengthens relationships and perhaps improves your health, you can’t go wrong with a good laugh. 27. Why does the writer use the examples of mice and other animals in Paragraph 3? A. To show how animals laugh while being tickled. B. To prove there are records of how laughter developed. C. To show humans are not the only animals that can laugh. D. To prove humans and animals laugh for the same reason. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Humans laugh better than other animals. B. Laughter develops humans’ language abilities. C. People can influence each other when laughing. D. Feel-good chemicals in brain can cause laughter. 29. What is the passage mainly about? A. Some findings about laughter. B. Some purposes of humans’ laughter. C. The importance of humans’ laughter. D. The influence of laughter on others. 【答案】27. C 28. C 29. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于笑的一些发现。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据“humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter.”可知，作者用第三段中老鼠和其他动物的例子来说明人类不是唯一会笑的动物。故选C。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious: it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state.”可知，人们在笑的时候可以相互影响。故选C。 【29题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories.”可知，本文主要介绍了关于笑的一些发现。故选A。 D Plants face many challenges during their lifetimes. Unlike animals, plants cannot hide during a storm or move away from an insect attack. Instead, they must stand still and deal with every challenge that comes their way. This has made plants masters of self-defense (防御) and experts at adapting (适应) themselves to changes in their environments. One way plants can change to deal with challenges is through a process called natural selection (选择). This is usually a very slow process in which those plants that are best adapted to their environments produce the most offspring, or seeds. Adaptations could be sharp thorns (刺) that protect a plant from being eaten by a giraffe, or poisonous (有毒) leaves that protect it from insects. However, change through natural selection usually happens very slowly. In long-lived plants like trees, it can take hundreds of years. Luckily, there is another, much quicker way. This type of change is controlled by something called epigenetics. Epigenetic marks on the DNA control how compacted (“turned off”) or loose (“turned on”) the DNA is. This change is especially important in long-lived trees, like conifers (针叶树), as they may face more environmental conditions in their lifetimes. It allows conifers to remember the stressful past and be better prepared for the future. Conifers can form “memories” because of many kinds of environmental challenges, such as temperature conditions, insect attacks and so on. One environmental signal (信号) that can trigger conifer memories is the temperature the baby trees experienced when the seeds were developing. Trees that developed at different temperatures show different timing in terms of when new leaves appear in spring. New leaves appear earlier on trees from seeds at lower temperatures, and trees developed at warmer temperatures grow new leaves later in the season. Treating conifers with plant-made defense chemicals can also cause memories. When small conifer trees are treated with plant-made defense chemicals in the fall, they are better able to defend themselves against insect attacks when they are planted out in the forest in spring. Trees remember the past—not with brains, like us, but through epigenetic changes. There are still a lot of things we do not know about how and how long trees can remember the past. When we have learned more about tree epigenetics, we can perhaps grow new forests that are better at dealing with climate change, insect attacks and diseases. 30. What do you know about natural selection from the passage? A. The ability of hiding during a storm is an example of natural selection. B. Natural selection allows plants to change rapidly to their environments. C. The ability of growing sharp thorns is a result of natural selection. D. Natural selection is a slow process that is environmental-friendly. 31. The word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “________”. A. start to change B. cause…to work C. start to share D. cause…to lose 32. What would the writer most probably agree with? A. Epigenetic change is better than natural selection. B. Temperature can influence the size of conifer leaves. C. Climate change can help conifers to deal with insect attacks. D. More epigenetics knowledge is needed to help trees grow better. 33. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Tree Masters: How Can Trees Deal With Climate Change? B. Tree Experts: How Can Trees Make More Seeds in Spring? C. Tree Challenges: How Can Trees Live During Insect Attacks? D. Tree Memories: How Can Trees Remember Without a Brain? 【答案】30. C 31. B 32. D 33. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植物通过表观遗传学触发记忆来应对各种挑战。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据“One way plants can change to deal with challenges is through a process called natural selection...Adaptations could be sharp thorns that protect a plant from being eaten by a giraffe, or poisonous leaves that protect it from insects.”可知，生长尖刺的能力是自然选择的结果。故选C。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“One environmental signal that can trigger conifer memories is the temperature the baby trees experienced when the seeds were developing.”可知，种子发育时幼树所经历的温度能够触发针叶记忆。划线单词意思为“引起，触发”，与B选项意思相近。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据“When we have learned more about tree epigenetics, we can perhaps grow new forests that are better at dealing with climate change, insect attacks and diseases.”可推测，作者认为需要更多表观遗传学知识来帮助树木生长得更好。故选D。 【33题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全本并根据“Trees remember the past—not with brains, like us, but through epigenetic changes.”可知，本文主要介绍了没有大脑的植物通过表观遗传学触发记忆的方式来应对各种挑战。选项D“树的记忆：没有大脑，树怎么能记住？”最适合作标题。故选D。 第二部分 本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。 四、阅读表达（第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The Power of Hope Have you noticed the mornings are slowly getting lighter? Being hopeful that spring is around the corner and warmer, brighter days are ahead is a powerful feeling. This is because hope gives us the strength to be positive, even when things don’t go our way. Hope is a positive feeling that things will get better. It’s more than just wishful thinking; hope means taking action and believing you have the power to achieve your goals. “When I’m hopeful, it makes me see the brightness in myself,” says Jonah, aged eight, “It’s good to be hopeful because it gives you a chance to be happy about things.” Charles Snyder, a psychologist (an expert in how we think) studied hopeful thinking and said it has three main parts: having a goal, thinking up different ways to achieve it and believing in yourself even when things go wrong. Snyder called hope a “rainbow of the mind,” because it “lifts our spirits and makes us think of what is possible.” Being hopeful about something, like trying out a new sport or hobby, takes courage because you’re taking a step into the unknown. This helps you work out what’s important to you, as well as making you more confident. Studies show that being hopeful also helps you learn better at school, build strong friendships and feel less stressed. Hope is a skill you can learn. Hope expert David Feldman suggests starting by working towards a goal that’s important to you, then thinking up different ways to achieve it. So if you hope to be a chef one day, for example, aim to learn one new recipe a week. Staying focused on your goal takes energy, so eat healthily and get plenty of sleep. If you start to feel hopeless, get inspired by people who have already succeeded or tell someone who supports you so they can help you improve. Finally, make use of your imagination and picture yourself achieving your goal. Picturing success in the future is hope in action. 34. How many main parts does hopeful thinking have? __________________________________________________________ 35. Why was hope called a “rainbow of the mind”? __________________________________________________________ 36. How do you get enough energy to stay focused on your goal? __________________________________________________________ 37. Who do you think is always positive around you? Why? (Give at least two reasons.) __________________________________________________________ 【答案】34. It has three main parts./ It has three./ Three./3. 35. Because it lifts our spirits and makes us think of what is possible. 36. You/ We can eat healthily and get plenty of sleep./ By eating healthily and getting plenty of sleep. 37. My mother. Because when I meet some problems in my life, she always tells me not to give up and helps me make some plans to solve it. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了希望的力量。 【34题详解】 根据“a psychologist (an expert in how we think) studied hopeful thinking and said it has three main parts: having a goal, thinking up different ways to achieve it and believing in yourself even when things go wrong.”可知，充满希望的想法主要包含三个部分。故填It has three main parts./ It has three./ Three./3. 【35题详解】 根据“Snyder called hope a ‘rainbow of the mind,’ because it ‘lifts our spirits and makes us think of what is possible.’”可知，希望被称作“心灵的彩虹”，因为它振奋了我们的精神，让我们思考什么是可能的。故填Because it lifts our spirits and makes us think of what is possible. 【36题详解】 根据“Staying focused on your goal takes energy, so eat healthily and get plenty of sleep.”可知，健康饮食和充足的睡眠可以保证你有充足的精力。故填You/ We can eat healthily and get plenty of sleep./ By eating healthily and getting plenty of sleep. 【37题详解】 答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案： My mother. Because when I meet some problems in my life, she always tells me not to give up and helps me make some plans to solve it. 五、文段表达（10分） 38. 根据所给中文和英语提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 假设你是李华，国外友好学校的学生代表团寒假将到你校参观访问。你作为学校某社团的代表，将在欢迎仪式上介绍你的社团。请你用英语写一篇短文介绍该社团。 提示词语：share, provide, enrich, improve 提示问题： ·What school club will you introduce? ·Why do you introduce this club? Dear my friends, Welcome to our school! _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear my friends, Welcome to our school! I’d like to introduce the Reading Club. This club is perfect for students who love reading. We meet every Thursday to talk about the latest book we’ve read, share our thoughts, and recommend new books to each other. The Reading Club provides many chances for students to discover interesting books and make friends with those who share a lot in common. Besides, it helps us to enrich our reading experiences and broaden our horizon. In addition, our critical thinking is greatly improved during discussion. All in all, the Reading Club is a fantastic place for anyone who loves to read and learn. If you are interested, feel free to ask me for more information. Thank you. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 本文是一篇材料作文。 ② 时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”。 ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点。注意行文连贯，逻辑清晰，无拼写和语法错误。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍读书俱乐部及其活动内容； 第二步，介绍参加读书俱乐部的好处； 第三步，总结，并表示愿意提供更多关于读书俱乐部的信息。 [亮点词汇] ①talk about谈论 ②each other彼此 ③provides many chances for students为学生提供许多机会 ④helps us to enrich our reading experiences帮助我们丰富我们的阅读经历 [高分句型] ①This club is perfect for students who love reading. (who引导的限制性定语从句) ②If you are interested, feel free to ask me for more information. (if引导的条件状语从句) 39. 根据所给中文和英语提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 生活中总会有一些不期而遇的惊喜。某校英文报刊正在开展以“A Big Surprise”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，讲述你的一次意外惊喜。 提示词语：busy, party, touched, realize 提示问题： ·What happened? ·What did the experience bring to you? A Big Surprise Life is full of the unexpected moments, and sometimes these moments can be truly amazing. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A Big Surprise Life is full of unexpected moments, and sometimes these moments can be truly amazing. Last Saturday, I experienced a big surprise. I thought it was just another busy day, but when I got home, the lights were off. Suddenly, the lights were turned on, and all my friends and family shouted, “Surprise!” They had secretly planned a party for my birthday and there was also a delicious cake on the table. I was so happy and touched by their efforts. We played games, laughed, and shared stories. It was a memorable day filled with love and joy. This big surprise made me realize how much my friends and family care about me 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，围绕一次意外惊喜展开描述。 ②时态：主要使用一般过去时。 ③提示：根据提示问题，详细描述事件经过及感受。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍事件的背景及具体发生的事情。 第二步，描述惊喜带来的感受及活动内容。 第三步，总结经验或体会，点明主题。 [亮点词汇] ①unexpected moments 意想不到的时刻 ②secretly planned 秘密策划 ③filled with love and joy 充满爱与快乐 [高分句型] ①Life is full of unexpected moments, and sometimes these moments can be truly amazing.（“and”连接的并列句） ②This big surprise made me realize how much my friends and family care about me.（宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大兴区2024~2025 学年度第一学期期末检测 初三英语 考生须知 1. 本试卷共10页，共两部分，共五道大题，38道小题，满分60分，考试时间90分钟。 2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号。 3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分 本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共6分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My father is a doctor. ________ reads English medical magazines every day. A. He B. She C. They D. We 2. Mike often goes to mountains to collect different stones ________ Sundays. A. for B. in C. on D. at 3. —Hi, Bob, ________ you swim? —Yes, I can. But I’m not good at swimming. A. must B. can C. may D. could 4. This term, the inter-class break is ________ than before for students in Beijing. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 5. — Hi, Lily. ________ was your social practice yesterday? — Wow, it was fantastic. A. What B. When C. How D. Where 6. Mary was ill, ________ she still took the math exam yesterday. A. and B. but C. so D. or 7. Every year, millions of travelers ________ Beijing hutong to experience local culture. A. visit B. visits C. vsited D. is visiting 8. Next Friday, my classmates and I ________ the amazing performance at the school hall. A. enjoys B. enjoyed C. is enjoying D. will enjoy 9. —Hey, Mike, what were you doing when it rained yesterday? —I ________ in the library. A. read B. reads C. will read D. was reading 10. I ________ to play the Erhu for ten years and now I’m crazy about it. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. was learning 11. Shanhaijing, also known as the Classic of Mountains and Seas, ________ over 2,000 years ago. A. write B. wrote C. is written D. was written 12. —Sam, do you know ________ during the Mid-Autumn Festival? —Sure, let me tell you. A. what Chinese people usually do B. what do Chinese people usually do C. what Chinese people usually did D. what did Chinese people usually do 二、完形填空（每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 At the far end of town, next to a dark forest, sat a white house. Kids at my school were curious about the terrible house, but actually it was where I lived with my family. Mom cleaned every room and painted the inside. But the outside still looked ____13____. I never told anyone that I lived in that white house. Then one day, Eddie, a boy in my history class, shouted loudly, “I can’t believe Sarah lives in that terrible house. I thought only wild animals lived there!” I felt my face grew hot and held back a tear. “The house will look a lot better once we have it ____14____...” I opened my book, pretending (假装) to read. The next day at school, an older boy named Juan stopped me in the hall. “I heard you are interested in having your house painted. My friend David and I are starting a paint ____15____. Can we give you a quote (报价)?” “It’s actually a nice house — good bones,” he continued. “And a paint job can make a house look new.” I was touched by his words. “Thanks. Let me talk to my Mom and get back to you.” After school, I told Mom and Gram about the ____16____. “I have a little money I could give you,” Gram said. “I have some money, but I’m sure it won’t be enough.” Mom said ____17____. In the morning, an idea hit me in my head. At school, I saw Juan and waved him down. “Have you painted any houses yet, Juan?” “Not yet. We just started.” “Well, what if you paint my house as a sample (样板)? Instead of ____18____ you, we would let you put a sign in our yard to advertise, and people could see what a great job you’ve done. You know, one good ____19____ is worth a million dollars.” Juan laughed. “How about if in addition to a sign, you pay for the paint… and buy us a pizza?” “It might work,” I said, smiling. With the money I collected, we were able to ____20____ Juan’s offer. Each day, as Juan and David worked, every brushstroke was like magic. When the painting was done, the house looked amazing. At the top, there was a lovely board “Sunny House by Juan & David”. Now, the house was very beautiful, inside and outside, and I felt proud of what I had done to it. 13. A. colorful B. beautiful C. awful D. useful 14. A. sold B. built C. locked D. painted 15. A. journey B. business C. activity D. research 16. A. offer B. reply C. advice D. difficulty 17. A. angrily B. proudly C. sadly D. excitedly 18. A. thanking B. paying C. teaching D. trusting 19. A. advertisement B. friend C. job D. house 20. A. believe B. question C. choose D. accept 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） 阅读下列新书介绍，请根据人物需求匹配最适合的书籍，并将书籍所对应的A、B、C、D选项填在相应位置上，其中一个选项为多余选项。 ____21____ I am interested in natural world. I want to know more about the strange animals and insects. ____22____ I am going to finish my primary school and I want to read something about how to deal with the changes ahead. ____23____ I like reading stories. This winter holiday I would like to read some exciting stories about time machines. New Books A. Paul is starting his last year of primary school. There are changes ahead and even his best friend seems different. Can some friends, a teacher and his love of books help him out? B. Esha plans to win the Brain Trophy (奖杯) with her invention of a time machine. Her big sister is accidentally transported to the past and Esha must take on hungry dinosaurs to get her sister back. C. Jordan, Drew, Liam and their friends are heading to a big city on a school trip. Jordan can’t wait to explore the city’s museums — but there will be unexpected challenges ahead. D. Why do jumping beans jump? How do sea cucumbers protect themselves? What causes the northern light? If you’re interested in nature you’ll enjoy these stories of the most unusual natural world. （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 B On a Saturday morning, I planned to go to the pool but Mom asked me to watch my five-year-old sister Lyssa and three-year-old brother Dougie because she had an important job interview. “Couldn’t Julie watch them instead?” I asked. “She can help but she’s only ten. I’ll feel better with a fifteen-year-old in charge (负责).” Mom gave me a kiss and off she went. About ten o’clock, the kids were playing in the front yard while I was reading my sports magazine, with my headphones on. Deeply lost in a really cool story, I hardly noticed Julie already standing over me. I took my headphones off. “Look at the sky,” she said in a quivery (颤抖的) voice. I rolled my eyes at her. That was when I saw a huge, gray-black tornado snaked down from the sky to the ground. I couldn’t believe it—a real, live tornado! And headed our way in high speed! I was so afraid that my heart jumped up almost to my ears. I tried hard to remember the facts I learned about tornado safety in school. Get low. Find a basement or if you’ re caught outside, find the lowest place you can. Looking around us, my eyes stopped on a ditch (沟) about a hundred yards off. “Julie,” I shouted, taking Lyssa quickly. “Get Dougie and follow me to the ditch!” We were making our way hard because of the wind and rain. Suddenly we all fell on a muddy bottom two feet below. I made everyone lie as flat as they could, arms protecting their heads. Trash rained down on us and the tornado blew away almost everything. I thought we were goners for sure… But the next moment, it was over. I lifted my head and saw the tornado rushing away. Soon the sky began to lose its dark color. I kept touching kids, amazed we were all OK. Standing on the mess, I couldn’t stop thinking what if Julie’d been watching them and I’d been at the pool! 24. What did the writer plan to do at first? A. To watch movies. B. To have a job interview. C. To go to the pool. D. To read sports magazines. 25. What did the writer feel when he saw the real live tornado? A. Funny. B. Afraid. C. Disappointed. D. Upset. 26. What can we know from the last sentence? A. The writer felt lucky to protect his sisters and brother. B. The writer felt regretful to stay with his sisters and brother. C. The writer felt proud that he had learned about tornado safety. D. The writer felt sorry that his house was destroyed by the tornado. C Isn’t it strange that, when something’s funny, you might show your teeth, change your breathing, become weak and achy in some places, and maybe even cry? In other words, why do we do this funny thing—laughter? Since there’s no record of laughter, it’s impossible to say exactly how and why it developed, but scientists have some theories. Importantly, humans are not the only animals today that do something like laughter. By recording sounds, researchers in the late 90s realized that mice were doing something like laughter while being tickled (挠痒痒). Scientists have also studied at least 65 kinds of animals—mostly mammals, but also some birds—and find that they laugh during social play. By recording and studying the laughter-like sounds apes (猿类) make during play researchers think laughter may have developed to clearly show friendliness from the beginning. But of course, we humans don’t just laugh when we’re playing, but also when we’re amused, and even surprised, confused, or nervous. Some scientists think after humans separated from other great apes and developed large social groups and more complex (复杂的) language abilities, laughter took on more purposes. They find that laughter gradually became something we could use not just during play but within speech to express meanings and to show our emotions. This is thought to be one of the reasons that laughter is contagious (传染的): it’s like an invitation to share in someone’s emotional state. Just hearing laughter can activate key areas in your brain, causing you to smile or laugh yourself. And, when people in one study watched a funny video, they laughed longer and more often when another person was present—even though they reported feeling the same level of amusement. And laughter is not just socially important; it’s also thought to be good for us. When we laugh, our brains produce feel-good chemicals and lower levels of stress. Some research even suggests that people who laugh more can deal with stress more effectively and have better health. Laughter is a universal human behavior. Babies can laugh before they can speak. Whether it’s the best medicine depends on your illness. But as something that makes life happier, strengthens relationships and perhaps improves your health, you can’t go wrong with a good laugh. 27. Why does the writer use the examples of mice and other animals in Paragraph 3? A. To show how animals laugh while being tickled. B. To prove there are records of how laughter developed. C. To show humans are not the only animals that can laugh. D. To prove humans and animals laugh for the same reason. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Humans laugh better than other animals. B. Laughter develops humans’ language abilities. C. People can influence each other when laughing. D. Feel-good chemicals in brain can cause laughter. 29. What is the passage mainly about? A Some findings about laughter. B. Some purposes of humans’ laughter. C. The importance of humans’ laughter. D. The influence of laughter on others. D Plants face many challenges during their lifetimes. Unlike animals, plants cannot hide during a storm or move away from an insect attack. Instead, they must stand still and deal with every challenge that comes their way. This has made plants masters of self-defense (防御) and experts at adapting (适应) themselves to changes in their environments. One way plants can change to deal with challenges is through a process called natural selection (选择). This is usually a very slow process in which those plants that are best adapted to their environments produce the most offspring, or seeds. Adaptations could be sharp thorns (刺) that protect a plant from being eaten by a giraffe, or poisonous (有毒的) leaves that protect it from insects. However, change through natural selection usually happens very slowly. In long-lived plants like trees, it can take hundreds of years. Luckily, there is another, much quicker way. This type of change is controlled by something called epigenetics. Epigenetic marks on the DNA control how compacted (“turned off”) or loose (“turned on”) the DNA is. This change is especially important in long-lived trees, like conifers (针叶树), as they may face more environmental conditions in their lifetimes. It allows conifers to remember the stressful past and be better prepared for the future. Conifers can form “memories” because of many kinds of environmental challenges, such as temperature conditions, insect attacks and so on. One environmental signal (信号) that can trigger conifer memories is the temperature the baby trees experienced when the seeds were developing. Trees that developed at different temperatures show different timing in terms of when new leaves appear in spring. New leaves appear earlier on trees from seeds at lower temperatures, and trees developed at warmer temperatures grow new leaves later in the season. Treating conifers with plant-made defense chemicals can also cause memories. When small conifer trees are treated with plant-made defense chemicals in the fall, they are better able to defend themselves against insect attacks when they are planted out in the forest in spring. Trees remember the past—not with brains, like us, but through epigenetic changes. There are still a lot of things we do not know about how and how long trees can remember the past. When we have learned more about tree epigenetics, we can perhaps grow new forests that are better at dealing with climate change, insect attacks and diseases. 30. What do you know about natural selection from the passage? A. The ability of hiding during a storm is an example of natural selection. B. Natural selection allows plants to change rapidly to their environments. C. The ability of growing sharp thorns is a result of natural selection. D. Natural selection is a slow process that is environmental-friendly. 31. The word “trigger” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “________”. A. start to change B. cause…to work C. start to share D. cause…to lose 32. What would the writer most probably agree with? A. Epigenetic change is better than natural selection. B. Temperature can influence the size of conifer leaves. C. Climate change can help conifers to deal with insect attacks. D. More epigenetics knowledge is needed to help trees grow better. 33. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Tree Masters: How Can Trees Deal With Climate Change? B. Tree Experts: How Can Trees Make More Seeds in Spring? C. Tree Challenges: How Can Trees Live During Insect Attacks? D. Tree Memories: How Can Trees Remember Without a Brain? 第二部分 本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。 四、阅读表达（第34-36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The Power of Hope Have you noticed the mornings are slowly getting lighter? Being hopeful that spring is around the corner and warmer, brighter days are ahead is a powerful feeling. This is because hope gives us the strength to be positive, even when things don’t go our way. Hope is a positive feeling that things will get better. It’s more than just wishful thinking; hope means taking action and believing you have the power to achieve your goals. “When I’m hopeful, it makes me see the brightness in myself,” says Jonah, aged eight, “It’s good to be hopeful because it gives you a chance to be happy about things.” Charles Snyder, a psychologist (an expert in how we think) studied hopeful thinking and said it has three main parts: having a goal, thinking up different ways to achieve it and believing in yourself even when things go wrong. Snyder called hope a “rainbow of the mind,” because it “lifts our spirits and makes us think of what is possible.” Being hopeful about something, like trying out a new sport or hobby, takes courage because you’re taking a step into the unknown. This helps you work out what’s important to you, as well as making you more confident. Studies show that being hopeful also helps you learn better at school, build strong friendships and feel less stressed. Hope is a skill you can learn. Hope expert David Feldman suggests starting by working towards a goal that’s important to you, then thinking up different ways to achieve it. So if you hope to be a chef one day, for example, aim to learn one new recipe a week. Staying focused on your goal takes energy, so eat healthily and get plenty of sleep. If you start to feel hopeless, get inspired by people who have already succeeded or tell someone who supports you so they can help you improve. Finally, make use of your imagination and picture yourself achieving your goal. Picturing success in the future is hope in action. 34. How many main parts does hopeful thinking have? __________________________________________________________ 35. Why was hope called a “rainbow of the mind”? __________________________________________________________ 36. How do you get enough energy to stay focused on your goal? __________________________________________________________ 37. Who do you think is always positive around you? Why? (Give at least two reasons.) __________________________________________________________ 五、文段表达（10分） 38. 根据所给中文和英语提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 假设你是李华，国外友好学校的学生代表团寒假将到你校参观访问。你作为学校某社团的代表，将在欢迎仪式上介绍你的社团。请你用英语写一篇短文介绍该社团。 提示词语：share, provide, enrich, improve 提示问题： ·What school club will you introduce? ·Why do you introduce this club? Dear my friends, Welcome to our school! _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 39. 根据所给中文和英语提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 生活中总会有一些不期而遇的惊喜。某校英文报刊正在开展以“A Big Surprise”为主题的征文活动。假设你是李华，请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，讲述你的一次意外惊喜。 提示词语：busy, party, touched, realize 提示问题： ·What happened? ·What did the experience bring to you? A Big Surprise Life is full of the unexpected moments, and sometimes these moments can be truly amazing. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$