精品解析：江苏省扬州市广陵区扬州中学2024-2025学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题

扬州中学高三年级英语月考试题 2025.01 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers going to watch this evening? A. A concert. B. A movie. C. A football match. 2. What food should the woman avoid eating? A. Beans. B. Cheese. C. Potatoes. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Shop assistant and customer. 4. When will Mark go swimming? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. At an office. C. At a cinema. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 7 Why was the woman annoyed with the man? A. He made her late for an event. B. He forgot about her birthday. C. He didn't call her. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. How is the woman related to the man? A. His family member. B. His coach. C. His doctor. 9. How is the man feeling? A. Relieved. B. Tired. C. Anxious. 10. What caused the injury to the man’s shoulder? A. Pouring too many cups of tea. B. Playing tennis. C. Being a golfer. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. How did the man know the woman stayed up late last night? A. He was playing games for hours with her. B. He received a friend request from her. C. He saw the light in her room was on. 12. When will the woman and Penny meet? A. In a few weeks. B. In one week. C. In a few months. 13. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a garden. B. In a classroom. C. In a bedroom. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 15. How soon will the breakfast stop being served? A. In 11 minutes. B. In 15 minutes. C. In 30 minutes. 16. What will the man eat? A. Bacon. B. Beans. C. Mushrooms. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至 20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Guides. B. Artists. C. Students. 18. What does the speaker suggest doing before the tour? A. Eating something. B. Preparing a map. C. Buying some gifts. 19. What is inside the brochures? A. A map of London. B. A short history of art. C. The location of the exhibits. 20. What do we know about the Langston Gallery? A. It was completed by Sir Charles Langston. B. It was finished in the 19th century. C. It is on the second floor. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer with Philly Food Rescue (PFR) In one hour, you can do something to reduce food waste and resource local community. Download the Philly Food Rescue app to get started. What’s the service opportunity? PFR is the sustainability, food recovery, and donations arm of Share Food Program. You’ll use your own car (or bike) to rescue leftover food from a grocery store, restaurant, or farmers’ market, delivering it to the matched nonprofit takers. Those include senior centers, shelters, schools, and more. You can claim a one-time or weekly food rescue. What difference does food rescue make? PFR works to increase access to fresh food for our neighbors. Our team recovers half a million pounds of food every month thanks to volunteers like you. We resource more than 283 partners across Philadelphia, its suburbs, and South Jersey, impacting food security and sustainability every day of the week. What’s required? ● If driving, a driver’s license and insurance are needed. For smaller food rescues, a bike may do. ● Food rescue volunteers should be able to lift at least 30 pounds ● Clear the trunk and back seat to make space for boxes or bags of food. ● Complete the food rescue within its scheduled window. Additional information: ● PFR matches donations within five miles to keep food local, honor volunteers’ time, and ensure food safety. ● You’re welcome to bring a friend or child as a passenger to help with loading, unloading, and delivery. ● Questions? Ask Britt at bkorn@sharefoodprogram.org or (215)301-3734. 1. What does the author intend to do? A. To inform people of food rescue. B. To call on people to give a helping hand. C. To introduce ways of volunteering. D. To entertain people with a new concept. 2. What do we learn about PFR service? A. It donates to Share Food Program. B. It covers the national senior centers. C. Its rescues have appointed receivers. D. Its aim is to help the stores or markets. 3. What is the relationship between Philly Food Rescue (PFR) and Share Food Program? A. PFR is a branch of Share Food Program. B. Share Food Program is affiliated with PFR. C. PFR is a completely independent organization. D. PFR and Share Food Program are competing organizations. B As I stepped out of the punishing Arizona heat and into the cool air-conditioned hall of the meeting center, I saw a sea of costumed attendees. Some wore complicated steampunk clothes; others were dressed up as their favorite Marvel or Star Wars characters. “How could I agree to this?” I thought as I made my way to the room where I’d give a talk about the science behind the classic Dune books by Frank Herbert. Then I saw the audience's excitement. I had been struggling for years to find new ways to communicate science to a broad audience. When I went into my Ph. D. program, research soon began to consume most of my time. When I spoke about my research, it was mostly directed at people within my Ph. D. field: workmates, collaborators, thesis committee members. I struggled to explain how my research might apply in the real world. Then I took a trip to Maine, where many fellows were great readers and excited to share stories about the latest books they’d consumed. I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure. “Is my Ph. D. killing my love of science?” I thought. When I returned home, I determined to devote more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure. My eldest brother had recommended a science fiction book, so I started with that. It was refreshing to think about science in a new way. I kept reading science fiction in the years after I finished my Ph. D. But I still hadn’t gotten back to communicating science to the public. Then, one night I found myself in a conversation with my new policy colleagues about science fiction concepts. One invited me to speak at the pop culture convention. When the day came to present, I felt worried until I was behind the platform and saw the bright-eyed, eager attendees. After I finished, I was flooded with questions and comments. It suddenly occurred to me that this was my path back to science communication. 4. What did the author have difficulty doing during his Ph. D. program? A. Balancing work and personal life. B. Making his research accepted by co-workers. C. Keeping up with the latest scientific papers. D. Explaining the practical value of his research. 5. What caused the author to question his love of science? A. He lacked interest in reading science books. B. He struggled to understand what the fellows shared. C He suffered great pressure from his Ph. D. He failed to recall the last book he’d read for fun program. 6. Why did the author’s trip to Maine serve as a crucial turning point? A. Because it directly led to him securing the speaking opportunity at the pop culture convention. B. Because it provided him with a new network of contacts in the science communication field. C. Because it reignited his passion for reading and indirectly inspired a renewed interest in science communication. D. Because it forced him to confront his academic shortcomings and seek professional development opportunities. 7. What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph? A. He should focus more on his academic career. B. He enjoyed giving presentations more than doing research. C. He has found a new way to communicate science to the public. D. He has developed a great passion for pop culture. C Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?” To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 8. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________. A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 9. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics? A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism. C. Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication. 10. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with? A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D. City living has helped to preserve animal species. 11. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________. A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment D ①A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. The accusations in the lawsuit raise a deeper question about behavior: Are young people becoming addicted to social media and the internet? Here’s what the research has found. ②David Greenfield, a psychologist and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction in West Hartford, Conn, said the devices tempt users with some powerful approaches. One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. Adults are easily influenced, be noted, but young people are particularly at risk, because the brain regions that are involved in resisting temptation and reward are not nearly as developed in children and teenagers as in adults. Moreover, the adolescent brain is especially accustomed to social connections, and social media is all a perfect opportunity to connect with other people. ③For many years, the scientific community typically defined addiction in relation to substances, such as drugs, and not behaviors, such as gambling or internet use. That has gradually changed. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the official reference for mental health conditions, introduced the idea of internet gaming addiction. ④A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take. ⑤Dr. Michael Rich, the director of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children’s Hospital, said he discouraged the use of the word “addiction” because the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life. ⑥Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet and that the definition of how much is too much can vary. But he said there also were obvious cases where immoderate use disturbs school, sleep and other vital aspects of a healthy life. “Too many young consumers can’t put it down, ” he said.“ The internet, including social media like Meta, are the drugs affecting the mind.” 12. What was Meta accused of? A. It added problematic features to its platform. B. It started a discussion to mislead young people. C. It tempted children to use social media too much. D. It conducted illegal research on its parent company. 13. According to David Greenfield, users tend to be addicted to social media and the internet due to . A. their under-developed brain B. the random pattern of rewards C. their desire to be socially connected D. the possibility of escaping from reality 14. What can be concluded about the study introduced in Paragraph 4? A. Addiction is something about behaviors instead of substances. B. The online language can be interpreted from a broad perspective. C. Current diagnostic criteria of “internet addiction” isn’t satisfactory. D. There should be an agreement on the definition of the word “internet”. 15. Dr. Michael Rich and David Greenfield both agree that . A. proper use of the internet does good to children B. the internet is to blame for disturbing healthy life C. there are cases against immoderate use of the internet D. the word “addiction” is improperly used on the internet 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Food Safety Is Crucial: How Should We Respond? With the rapid growth of online media, China’s increasingly serious food safety issues are coming to light more often. These include incidents like the production and sale of toxic milk powder, recycled cooking oil making its way back to dining tables, and falsified ingredient labels. ___16___ ● ___17___ It’s crucial to know where your food comes from and how it’s prepared. Research the sources of your groceries, whether it’s local farms or imported goods. Read labels, check for certifications, and stay updated on any food recalls. Awareness is your first line of defense. ●Support local and transparent producers. Instead of choosing for mass-produced, processed foods, consider supporting local farmers and markets where you can trace the source of your food. Local businesses often prioritize quality over quantity. ___18___ ● Eat more at home. Obviously, it’s hard to monitor the hygiene standards and food sources in restaurants. ___19___ You can base your meals around minimally processed, wholesome ingredients to ensure both safety and nutrition, which is absolutely beneficial to your health. ● Practice smart hygiene at home. You play a role in ensuring food safety once it enters your kitchen. Always wash your hands before handling food, clean your kitchen surfaces regularly, and cook meats to safe temperatures. ___20___ A. Be Informed. B. Be prepared. C. So, how can we ensure that the food we consume is safe? D. In this way, you are able to have fresher and safer options. E. Preparing meals yourself allows you to avoid unnecessary additives. F. Simple actions can make a significant difference in preventing food-borne illnesses. G. Then, how should we deal with businesses selling bad food? 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my grandparents’ era, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was irrelevant. Repair was usually the only ____21____. So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I let my brain do a little ____22____ and decided to make the repair, just ____23____ Grandpa would have done. I ____24____ through my old toolbox for the needed parts, ____25____ the right tools in my odd collection from extras belonging to the men in my family. I cherish the strong ____26____ tying together present and past generations. Working with objects that have a history is ____27____, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep home, farm, wagons, or autos running ____28____. Finally, I chose my favorite hammer, inherited from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a ____29____ handle, spotted with colorful paint and _____30_____ from a lifetime of projects. I love how he’d used a bent horseshoe nail to _____31_____ the head to the handle. Repairing the hoe _____32_____ a dusty and thorough search through Grandpa’s collection of the hardware. With just the right bolt (螺栓) in hand, I was ready to begin. Along with his _____33_____, Grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. I _____34_____ the finely crafted dairy barn his father had built _____35_____ hand tools in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. I wonder if that was the first time this hammer had been put to work. 21 A. challenge B. barrier C. option D. opportunity 22. A. event-inspiring B. time-traveling C. word- processing D. information-analyzing 23 A. as B. how C. what D. which 24. A. dug B. went C. pulled D. broke 25. A. putting down B. holding up C. sorting out D. searching for 26. A. belief B. connection C. impression D. contrast 27. A. fruitful B. practical C. satisfactory D. courageous 28. A. quickly B. evenly C. automatically D. smoothly 29. A. new B. worn C. soft D. comfortable 30. A. marks B. signs C. signals D. symbols 31. A. tie B. hook C. tighten D. twist 32. A. prepared B. released C. encouraged D. required 33. A. hammer B. nail C. hoe D. bolt 34. A. tore down B. build up C. thought of D. light up 35. A. by B. with C. beside D. against 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to the word “hot”, it can describe someone’s sex appeal, the spiciness of food, and the heat of the weather. Coincidentally, Chongqing, a city that blends modern skyscrapers with centuries-old traditions, is the very city ___36___ has all three characteristics. Let me start by talking about the weather. In summer, Chongqing can be ___37___ (extreme) hot and humid. Temperatures often rise above 37 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), ___38___ (make) it feel like a sauna. People try to stay cool by drinking cold drinks and enjoying the shade. Next, Chongqing is known for its spicy food. One of the most popular ___39___ (dish) is hot pot. It consists ___40___ a boiling pot of spicy broth where people cook fresh ingredients like meat ___41___ vegetables. The unique flavors and heat of the spices make every meal an adventure. Eating hot pot with friends is a fun experience, and the warmth of the food ___42___ (match) the city’s spirit. Last but not least, Chongqing features for its beautiful women, who often have a confident and ___43___ (charm) presence. The blend of beauty and personality adds to the lively atmosphere of the city. You can see many ___44___ (fashion) young women enjoying the streets and parks, making the city even more vibrant. Chongqing’s hot weather, spicy food, and warm people create ____45____ unique and exciting environment. Chongqing is hot. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，是学校诗歌社团的负责人。你校美国交换生Tom发邮件想加入该社团，请你给他回复，包括以下内容： 1. 介绍诗歌社团； 2. 近期的活动安排； 3. 表示欢迎。 注意：1. 词数100字左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, I’m delighted to know that you want to join our Poem Group. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 读后续写 The Secret of Flowers Anna worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. This was how they made their living. Anna helped her mother tend the garden, so the vegetables would be healthy and ready for the market. Anna often pretended the plants she tended were beautiful roses, like Mrs. Brown’s prize flowers. The only person in the village who made money selling flowers was Mrs. Brown. She grew roses and sold them to flower shops in the city. Every year she joined the City Rose Festival. People thought that Mrs. Brown used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win first prize twenty years in a row? Anna loved to tend flowers. Moreover, she often dreamed about growing her own roses and winning first prize in the festival. With the prize money, she would also be able to lighten the burden at home. However, roses were too expensive for her to start. One day, Anna visited Mrs. Brown to see her flowers. Mrs. Brown was whispering to her roses when she arrived. “Spying on me again!” Mrs. Brown frowned. “I only came to see your flowers, Mrs. Brown.” Anna took a deep breath. “I wish I could grow beautiful roses and win a prize at the festival like you.” “I have experience passed down from generations.” Mrs. Brown laughed. “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.” Mrs. Brown returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Anna’s face. Then she pulled up a dried-up rose, and threw it over the fence. “A plant in bad condition. Unworthy of my time,” Mrs. Brown mumbled. Anna smiled, as she had an idea. She bowed farewell to Mrs. Brown and went out the garden gate. Mrs. Brown was busy minding her prize roses. Anna quickly bent over and grabbed the abandoned rose before rushing home. She remembered a quiet spot behind the cottage. It was the perfect place for her little rose to grow. Now, she had a chance for the festival. Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1--5 ABCBC 6--10 BAACB 11--15 CAABC 16--20 BCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 扬州中学高三年级英语月考试题 2025.01 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers going to watch this evening? A. A concert. B. A movie. C. A football match. 2. What food should the woman avoid eating? A. Beans. B. Cheese. C. Potatoes. 3. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Shop assistant and customer. 4. When will Mark go swimming? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A. At home. B. At an office. C. At a cinema. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister. 7. Why was the woman annoyed with the man? A. He made her late for an event. B. He forgot about her birthday. C. He didn't call her. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. How is the woman related to the man? A. His family member. B. His coach. C. His doctor. 9. How is the man feeling? A. Relieved. B. Tired. C. Anxious. 10. What caused the injury to the man’s shoulder? A. Pouring too many cups of tea. B. Playing tennis. C. Being a golfer. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. How did the man know the woman stayed up late last night? A. He was playing games for hours with her. B. He received a friend request from her. C. He saw the light in her room was on. 12. When will the woman and Penny meet? A. In a few weeks. B. In one week. C. In a few months. 13. Where are the speakers probably? A. In a garden. B. In a classroom. C. In a bedroom. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 15. How soon will the breakfast stop being served? A. In 11 minutes. B. In 15 minutes. C. In 30 minutes. 16. What will the man eat? A. Bacon. B. Beans. C. Mushrooms. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至 20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Guides. B. Artists. C. Students. 18. What does the speaker suggest doing before the tour? A. Eating something. B. Preparing a map. C. Buying some gifts. 19. What is inside the brochures? A. A map of London. B. A short history of art. C. The location of the exhibits. 20. What do we know about the Langston Gallery? A. It was completed by Sir Charles Langston. B. It was finished in the 19th century. C. It is on the second floor. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteer with Philly Food Rescue (PFR) In one hour, you can do something to reduce food waste and resource local community. Download the Philly Food Rescue app to get started. What’s the service opportunity? PFR is the sustainability, food recovery, and donations arm of Share Food Program. You’ll use your own car (or bike) to rescue leftover food from a grocery store, restaurant, or farmers’ market, delivering it to the matched nonprofit takers. Those include senior centers, shelters, schools, and more. You can claim a one-time or weekly food rescue. What difference does food rescue make? PFR works to increase access to fresh food for our neighbors. Our team recovers half a million pounds of food every month thanks to volunteers like you. We resource more than 283 partners across Philadelphia, its suburbs, and South Jersey, impacting food security and sustainability every day of the week. What’s required? ● If driving, a driver’s license and insurance are needed. For smaller food rescues, a bike may do. ● Food rescue volunteers should be able to lift at least 30 pounds. ● Clear the trunk and back seat to make space for boxes or bags of food. ● Complete the food rescue within its scheduled window. Additional information: ● PFR matches donations within five miles to keep food local, honor volunteers’ time, and ensure food safety. ● You’re welcome to bring a friend or child as a passenger to help with loading, unloading, and delivery. ● Questions? Ask Britt at bkorn@sharefoodprogram.org or (215)301-3734. 1. What does the author intend to do? A. To inform people of food rescue. B. To call on people to give a helping hand. C. To introduce ways of volunteering. D. To entertain people with a new concept. 2. What do we learn about PFR service? A. It donates to Share Food Program. B. It covers the national senior centers. C. Its rescues have appointed receivers. D. Its aim is to help the stores or markets. 3. What is the relationship between Philly Food Rescue (PFR) and Share Food Program? A. PFR is a branch of Share Food Program. B. Share Food Program is affiliated with PFR. C. PFR is a completely independent organization. D. PFR and Share Food Program are competing organizations. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个志愿者项目的相关信息。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Volunteer with Philly Food Rescue (PFR)( PFR志愿者)”以及首段“In one hour, you can do something to reduce food waste and resource local community. Download the Philly Food Rescue app to get started.(在一个小时内，你可以做一些事情来减少食物浪费和资源当地社区。下载PFR应用程序开始吧)”可知，文章介绍的是PFR志愿者的相关信息，通过呼吁读者下载PFR应用程序来开始志愿活动，减少食物浪费和资源当地社区，由此可知，作者是在号召人们提供帮助。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据What’s the service opportunity?部分的“You’ll use your own car (or bike) to rescue leftover food from a grocery store, restaurant, or farmers’ market, delivering it to the matched nonprofit takers.(你将用自己的汽车（或自行车）从杂货店、餐馆或农贸市场救出剩余的食物，把它们送到匹配的非营利接受者那里)”可知，PFR会将剩余食物从商店、餐馆或农贸市场送到匹配的非营利组织手中，这些非营利组织包括老年人中心、庇护所、学校等，由此可知，它的救助有指定的接收者。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据What’s the service opportunity?部分的“PFR is the sustainability, food recovery, and donations arm of Share Food Program.(PFR是“分享食物计划”的可持续性、食物回收和捐赠部门)”可知，PFR是Share Food Program的一部分，负责可持续性、食物回收和捐赠工作。故选A项。 B As I stepped out of the punishing Arizona heat and into the cool air-conditioned hall of the meeting center, I saw a sea of costumed attendees. Some wore complicated steampunk clothes; others were dressed up as their favorite Marvel or Star Wars characters. “How could I agree to this?” I thought as I made my way to the room where I’d give a talk about the science behind the classic Dune books by Frank Herbert. Then I saw the audience's excitement. I had been struggling for years to find new ways to communicate science to a broad audience. When I went into my Ph. D. program, research soon began to consume most of my time. When I spoke about my research, it was mostly directed at people within my Ph. D. field: workmates, collaborators, thesis committee members. I struggled to explain how my research might apply in the real world. Then I took a trip to Maine, where many fellows were great readers and excited to share stories about the latest books they’d consumed. I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure. “Is my Ph. D. killing my love of science?” I thought. When I returned home, I determined to devote more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure. My eldest brother had recommended a science fiction book, so I started with that. It was refreshing to think about science in a new way. I kept reading science fiction in the years after I finished my Ph. D. But I still hadn’t gotten back to communicating science to the public. Then, one night I found myself in a conversation with my new policy colleagues about science fiction concepts. One invited me to speak at the pop culture convention. When the day came to present, I felt worried until I was behind the platform and saw the bright-eyed, eager attendees. After I finished, I was flooded with questions and comments. It suddenly occurred to me that this was my path back to science communication. 4. What did the author have difficulty doing during his Ph. D. program? A. Balancing work and personal life. B. Making his research accepted by co-workers. C. Keeping up with the latest scientific papers. D. Explaining the practical value of his research. 5. What caused the author to question his love of science? A. He lacked interest in reading science books. B. He struggled to understand what the fellows shared. C. He suffered great pressure from his Ph. D. He failed to recall the last book he’d read for fun program. 6. Why did the author’s trip to Maine serve as a crucial turning point? A. Because it directly led to him securing the speaking opportunity at the pop culture convention. B. Because it provided him with a new network of contacts in the science communication field. C. Because it reignited his passion for reading and indirectly inspired a renewed interest in science communication. D. Because it forced him to confront his academic shortcomings and seek professional development opportunities. 7. What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph? A. He should focus more on his academic career. B. He enjoyed giving presentations more than doing research. C. He has found a new way to communicate science to the public. D. He has developed a great passion for pop culture. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者如何在职业发展中重拾对科学的热爱，并找到向公众传播科学的新途径，以及参与科幻大会的经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“When I spoke about my research, it was mostly directed at people within my Ph. D. field: workmates, collaborators, thesis committee members. I struggled to explain how my research might apply in the real world.(当我谈论我的研究时，大部分都是针对我博士领域内的人：同事、合作者、论文委员会成员。我很难解释我的研究如何在现实世界中应用。)”可知，作者在博士项目期间难以向他人解释自己研究的实际价值。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure. “Is my Ph. D. killing my love of science?” I thought. (我可以生动地回忆起实验室里堆积如山的论文的每一个细节，但我记不清上次为了乐趣读书是什么时候了。我想：“我的博士学位是在扼杀我对科学的热爱吗？)”可知，作者因为无法回忆起上次为了乐趣读书是什么时候而质疑自己对科学的热爱。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Then I took a trip to Maine, where many fellows were great readers and excited to share stories about the latest books they’d consumed. I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure.(然后我去了缅因州，那里的许多人都是伟大的读者，他们很兴奋地分享他们最近读过的书的故事。我能生动地回忆起实验室里堆积如山的论文的每一个细节，但我不记得我最近读的一本书是什么了。)”以及“When I returned home, I determined to devote more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure. My eldest brother had recommended a science fiction book, so I started with that. It was refreshing to think about science in a new way.(回到家后，我决定把更多的时间花在实验室之外我喜欢做的事情上，尤其是阅读。我大哥给我推荐了一本科幻小说，所以我就从这本书开始。以一种新的方式思考科学是令人耳目一新的。)”可知，这次旅行中，作者与很多喜欢分享最新书籍故事的伙伴交流，这使他决定要花更多时间做自己喜欢的事情，特别是阅读，这种转变间接激发了他对科学传播的新兴趣。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“I had been struggling for years to find new ways to communicate science to a broad audience.(多年来，我一直在努力寻找向广大受众传播科学的新方法。)”和最后一段的“After I finished, I was flooded with questions and comments. It suddenly occurred to me that this was my path back to science communication.(在我讲完后，我收到了很多问题和评论。我突然意识到，这是我回归科学传播的道路。)”可知，作者一直在努力寻找向广大受众传播科学的新方法，终于从这次演讲中找到了一种新的方式来向公众传播科学。故选C项。 C Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?” To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 8. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________. A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 9. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics? A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism. C Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication. 10. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with? A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D. City living has helped to preserve animal species. 11. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________. A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着城市化进程的发展，人类和动物之间的关系更加紧密，但是动物的反捕食者特征在这一过程中却退化甚至失去了。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies”(一组研究人员想知道，与人们的亲密程度是否会影响这些生存策略。)以及最后一段“What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. (研究人员现在想知道的是，仅仅是游客在不太城市化的地区的出现，是否也会导致野生动物发生类似的变化。)”可推知，这组研究人员的目的是想弄清楚与人类一起生活如何影响动物的生存策略。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding.”(如果是有意为之，这种行为的改变也许并不奇怪，这是驯化或控制繁殖的结果。)可知，导致动物失去反捕食者特征的原因是驯化或控制繁殖。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes.”(不管怎样，这些结果意味着城市生活对野生动物有足够的影响，进化过程开始了。这些反捕食者特征的减少，被编码在它们的基因中。)可知，生活在城市里导致动物的基因发生了变化。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators.”(研究人员说，如果我们希望帮助动物，保持它们的反捕食者防御能力，我们可能必须故意让动物暴露在捕食者面前。)可知，如果我们要想让受伤的狐狸被人类照顾的恢复健康后回归野外，我们要有目的地使狐狸适应与捕食者相关的环境。故选D。 D ①A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. The accusations in the lawsuit raise a deeper question about behavior: Are young people becoming addicted to social media and the internet? Here’s what the research has found. ②David Greenfield, a psychologist and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction in West Hartford, Conn, said the devices tempt users with some powerful approaches. One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. Adults are easily influenced, be noted, but young people are particularly at risk, because the brain regions that are involved in resisting temptation and reward are not nearly as developed in children and teenagers as in adults. Moreover, the adolescent brain is especially accustomed to social connections, and social media is all a perfect opportunity to connect with other people. ③For many years, the scientific community typically defined addiction in relation to substances, such as drugs, and not behaviors, such as gambling or internet use. That has gradually changed. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the official reference for mental health conditions, introduced the idea of internet gaming addiction. ④A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take. ⑤Dr. Michael Rich, the director of the Digital Wellness Lab at Boston Children’s Hospital, said he discouraged the use of the word “addiction” because the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life. ⑥Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet and that the definition of how much is too much can vary. But he said there also were obvious cases where immoderate use disturbs school, sleep and other vital aspects of a healthy life. “Too many young consumers can’t put it down, ” he said.“ The internet, including social media like Meta, are the drugs affecting the mind.” 12. What was Meta accused of? A. It added problematic features to its platform. B. It started a discussion to mislead young people. C. It tempted children to use social media too much. D. It conducted illegal research on its parent company. 13. According to David Greenfield, users tend to be addicted to social media and the internet due to . A. their under-developed brain B. the random pattern of rewards C. their desire to be socially connected D. the possibility of escaping from reality 14. What can be concluded about the study introduced in Paragraph 4? A. Addiction is something about behaviors instead of substances. B. The online language can be interpreted from a broad perspective. C. Current diagnostic criteria of “internet addiction” isn’t satisfactory. D. There should be an agreement on the definition of the word “internet”. 15. Dr. Michael Rich and David Greenfield both agree that . A. proper use of the internet does good to children B. the internet is to blame for disturbing healthy life C. there are cases against immoderate use of the internet D. the word “addiction” is improperly used on the internet 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了梅塔被指控诱使儿童过度使用社交媒体，专家研究发现用户使用网络成瘾有多方面的因素，但是合理利用网络还是有帮助的。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“A group of 41 states and the District of Columbia began a legal case against Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and Messenger, insisting that the company knowingly used features on its platforms to cause children to overuse them. (41个州和哥伦比亚特区开始对Facebook、Instagram、WhatsApp和Messenger的母公司Meta提起诉讼，坚称该公司故意使用其平台上的功能，导致儿童过度使用这些功能。)”可知，梅塔被指控诱使儿童过度使用社交媒体。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“One is “intermittent reinforcement,” which creates the idea that a user could get a reward at any time. But when the reward comes is unpredictable. (一种是“间歇性强化”，它创造了用户可以随时获得奖励的想法。但奖励何时到来是不可预测的。)”可知，根据大卫·格林菲尔德的说法，用户倾向于沉迷于社交媒体和互联网是因为奖励的随机模式。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“A subsequent study explored broadening the definition to “internet addiction.” The author suggested further exploring diagnostic criteria and the language, for instance, noting that terms like “problematic use” and even the word “internet” were open to broad interpretation, given the many forms the information and its delivery can take.(随后的一项研究探索将定义扩大到“网络成瘾”。作者建议进一步探索诊断标准和语言，例如，注意到“有问题的使用”甚至“互联网”这个词都有广泛的解释，因为信息及其传递可以采取多种形式。)”可知，关于第四段介绍的研究可以得出目前“网络成瘾”的诊断标准并不令人满意。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“the internet, if used effectively and with limits, was not merely useful but also essential to everyday life.(因为如果有效地、有限度地使用互联网，它不仅有用，而且是日常生活中必不可少的。)”以及最后一段讲到“Greenfield agreed that there clearly are valuable uses for the internet (格林菲尔德同意，互联网显然有其有价值的用途)”可知，迈克尔·里奇博士和大卫·格林菲尔德都认为正确使用互联网对孩子有好处。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Food Safety Is Crucial: How Should We Respond? With the rapid growth of online media, China’s increasingly serious food safety issues are coming to light more often. These include incidents like the production and sale of toxic milk powder, recycled cooking oil making its way back to dining tables, and falsified ingredient labels. ___16___ ● ___17___ It’s crucial to know where your food comes from and how it’s prepared. Research the sources of your groceries, whether it’s local farms or imported goods. Read labels, check for certifications, and stay updated on any food recalls. Awareness is your first line of defense. ●Support local and transparent producers. Instead of choosing for mass-produced, processed foods, consider supporting local farmers and markets where you can trace the source of your food. Local businesses often prioritize quality over quantity. ___18___ ● Eat more at home. Obviously, it’s hard to monitor the hygiene standards and food sources in restaurants. ___19___ You can base your meals around minimally processed, wholesome ingredients to ensure both safety and nutrition, which is absolutely beneficial to your health. ● Practice smart hygiene at home. You play a role in ensuring food safety once it enters your kitchen. Always wash your hands before handling food, clean your kitchen surfaces regularly, and cook meats to safe temperatures. ___20___ A. Be Informed. B. Be prepared. C. So, how can we ensure that the food we consume is safe? D. In this way, you are able to have fresher and safer options. E. Preparing meals yourself allows you to avoid unnecessary additives. F. Simple actions can make a significant difference in preventing food-borne illnesses. G. Then, how should we deal with businesses selling bad food? 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了中国日益严重的食品安全问题，以及个人应如何回应和保障自己的食品安全。 【16题详解】 上文“With the rapid growth of online media, China’s increasingly serious food safety issues are coming to light more often. These include incidents like the production and sale of toxic milk powder, recycled cooking oil making its way back to dining tables, and falsified ingredient labels. (随着网络媒体的迅速发展，中国日益严重的食品安全问题越来越频繁地曝光。其中包括生产销售有毒奶粉、回收食用油回流餐桌以及伪造配料标签等事件)”说明中国食品安全问题严重，空处承接上文，引出下文关于如何保障食品安全的建议。C选项“那么，我们应该如何应对呢？”符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 下文“It’s crucial to know where your food comes from and how it’s prepared. Research the sources of your groceries, whether it’s local farms or imported goods. Read labels, check for certifications, and stay updated on any food recalls. Awareness is your first line of defense. (了解你的食物来自哪里以及它是如何准备的至关重要。研究你的食品来源，无论是当地农场还是进口商品。阅读标签，检查认证，并随时了解任何食品召回信息。意识是你的第一道防线)”说明要保障食品安全，首先要了解你的食物来源和准备方式，要有食品安全的意识。A选项“保持知情”符合语境，引出下文。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文“Support local and transparent producers. Instead of choosing for mass-produced, processed foods, consider supporting local farmers and markets where you can trace the source of your food. Local businesses often prioritize quality over quantity. (支持当地和透明的生产商。不要选择大规模生产的加工食品，而是考虑支持当地农民和市场，在那里你可以追踪你食物的来源。当地企业往往更注重质量而非数量)”说明支持当地和透明的生产商，选择质量而非数量。空处承接上文，进一步说明这样做的好处。D选项“这样，你就能够有更新鲜和安全的选择”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 上文“Eat more at home. Obviously, it’s hard to monitor the hygiene standards and food sources in restaurants. (多在家吃饭。显然，很难监督餐馆的卫生标准和食品来源)”说明多在家吃饭的原因，空处承接上文，进一步说明在家做饭的好处。E选项“自己准备饭菜可以让你避免不必要的添加剂”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 上文“Practice smart hygiene at home. You play a role in ensuring food safety once it enters your kitchen. Always wash your hands before handling food, clean your kitchen surfaces regularly, and cook meats to safe temperatures. (在家保持良好的卫生习惯。食物一旦进入厨房，你就在确保食品安全方面发挥作用。在处理食物之前一定要洗手，定期清洁厨房表面，把肉煮到安全的温度)”说明在家保持良好的卫生习惯是确保食品安全的重要措施。空处承接上文，进一步强调这些简单行动的重要性。F选项“简单的行动可以在预防食源性疾病方面产生重大影响”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my grandparents’ era, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was irrelevant. Repair was usually the only ____21____. So, when faced with a broken hoe (锄头), I let my brain do a little ____22____ and decided to make the repair, just ____23____ Grandpa would have done. I ____24____ through my old toolbox for the needed parts, ____25____ the right tools in my odd collection from extras belonging to the men in my family. I cherish the strong ____26____ tying together present and past generations. Working with objects that have a history is ____27____, and I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep home, farm, wagons, or autos running ____28____. Finally, I chose my favorite hammer, inherited from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a ____29____ handle, spotted with colorful paint and _____30_____ from a lifetime of projects. I love how he’d used a bent horseshoe nail to _____31_____ the head to the handle. Repairing the hoe _____32_____ a dusty and thorough search through Grandpa’s collection of the hardware. With just the right bolt (螺栓) in hand, I was ready to begin. Along with his _____33_____, Grandpa passed down the importance of having the right tools for a job. I _____34_____ the finely crafted dairy barn his father had built _____35_____ hand tools in Oregon’s Willamette Valley. I wonder if that was the first time this hammer had been put to work. 21. A. challenge B. barrier C. option D. opportunity 22. A. event-inspiring B. time-traveling C. word- processing D. information-analyzing 23. A. as B. how C. what D. which 24. A. dug B. went C. pulled D. broke 25. A. putting down B. holding up C. sorting out D. searching for 26. A. belief B. connection C. impression D. contrast 27. A. fruitful B. practical C. satisfactory D. courageous 28. A. quickly B. evenly C. automatically D. smoothly 29. A. new B. worn C. soft D. comfortable 30. A. marks B. signs C. signals D. symbols 31. A. tie B. hook C. tighten D. twist 32. A. prepared B. released C. encouraged D. required 33. A. hammer B. nail C. hoe D. bolt 34. A. tore down B. build up C. thought of D. light up 35. A. by B. with C. beside D. against 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在修理锄头时，想到了祖父母那个年代只能修理物品而不是替换物品，这不禁让他感受到了通过工具，将今世后代紧密相连的这种联系，他十分珍惜这种联系。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：修理通常是唯一选择。A. challenge挑战；B. barrier障碍；C. option选择；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“In my grandparents’ era, the question of whether to repair or replace an item was irrelevant.”可知，在祖父母那个年代，是否修理或更换物品的问题是不相关的，因为修理物品是唯一的选择，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让我的大脑进行了时间旅行，决定修理锄头，正如祖父会做的那样。A. event-inspiring鼓舞人心的事件；B. time-traveling时间旅行；C. word-processing文字处理；D. information-analyzing信息分析。根据后文“decided to make the repair, just ____3____ Grandpa would have done.”可知，我选择了修理物品，就像进行时间旅行那样，回到了祖父的那个年代，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. as正如；B. how怎样；C. what什么；D. which哪一个。根据前文“decided to make the repair”可知，我选择了修理物品，就正如祖父那样，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在旧的工具箱里寻找所需的零件，在我奇怪的收藏品中寻找正确的工具，这些奇怪的收藏品是我家男人的多余物品。A. dug寻找，挖；B. went去；C. pulled拉；D. broke弄断。根据后文“for the needed parts”可知，是为了找到所需的零件，因此是在我的工具箱里寻找，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. putting down放下；B. holding up举起；C. sorting out分类；D. searching for寻找。根据空后“the right tools”可知，此处指在奇怪的收藏品里寻找正确的工具，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我珍惜将今世后代紧密相连的这种联系。A. belief信念；B. connection联系；C. impression印象；D. contrast对比。根据空后“tying together present and past generations”可知，将过去和现在联系起来，故此处指珍惜这种联系，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用有历史意义的物品是令人满意的，我喜欢思考那些用它们来保持家、农场、马车或者和汽车平稳运行的手。A. fruitful富有成效的；B. practical实用的；C. satisfactory令人满意的；D. courageous有勇气的。根据后文“I love thinking about the hands that used them to keep home, farm, wagons, or autos”可知，我喜欢思考那些用历史物品来保持家、农场、马车或者和汽车平稳运行的手，故我认为使用有历史的物品是令人满意的，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. quickly迅速地；B. evenly平均地；C. automatically自动地；D. smoothly平稳地。根据前文“the hands that used them to keep home, farm, wagons, or autos running”可知，这些手是用来保持家、农场、马车或者和汽车平稳地运行，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：祖父的锤子有一个旧的手柄，点缀着五颜六色的油漆点和来自一生项目的记号。A. new新的；B. worn旧的；C. soft柔软的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据后文“potted with colorful paint and ____10____ from a lifetime of projects.”可知，手柄上有着很多的油漆点和标记点，因此是一个用旧了的手柄，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. marks记号；B. signs迹象；C. signals信号；D. symbols象征。根据空后“from a lifetime of projects”可知，此处指在很多项目中，在手柄上做的记号，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢他用弯曲的马蹄形钉子将头部固定在手柄上。A. tie系；B. hook钩；C. tighten使紧固，使变紧；D. twist扭曲。根据空前“he’d used a bent horseshoe nail”可知，使用弯曲的马蹄形钉子是为了将锤子的头部固定在手柄上，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：修理锄头需要在爷爷收集的五金工具中进行一次尘土飞扬的彻底搜索。A. prepared准备；B. released释放；C. encouraged鼓励；D. required需要。根据后文“With just the right bolt in hand, I was ready to begin.”可知，我找到了合适的螺栓，因此修理锄头需要彻底地搜索爷爷的五金工具，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：和他的锤子一起，爷爷传递了拥有正确工具的重要性。A. hammer锤子；B. nail钉子；C. hoe锄头；D. holt螺栓。根据前文的“Finally, I chose my favorite hammer, inherited from my dad, who received it from his dad.”词义复现可知，我选择了祖父留下来的锤子来修理锄头，故此处指和他的锤子一起，爷爷传递了拥有正确工具的重要性，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想起了父亲在Oregon’s Willamette Valley用手工工具建造的精雕细琢的奶牛场。A. tore down拆除；B. build up建立；C. thought of想起；D. light up点亮。根据空后“the finely crafted dairy barn his father had built ____15____ hand tools”可知，看着这个爷爷传递下来的锤子，我不禁想起了父亲在Oregon’s Willamette Valley用手工工具建造的精雕细琢的奶牛场，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. by通过；B. with用；C. beside在……旁边；D. against对抗。根据空后“hand tools”可知，父亲建造的精雕细琢的奶牛场是用手工工具建造起来的，故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to the word “hot”, it can describe someone’s sex appeal, the spiciness of food, and the heat of the weather. Coincidentally, Chongqing, a city that blends modern skyscrapers with centuries-old traditions, is the very city ___36___ has all three characteristics. Let me start by talking about the weather. In summer, Chongqing can be ___37___ (extreme) hot and humid. Temperatures often rise above 37 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), ___38___ (make) it feel like a sauna. People try to stay cool by drinking cold drinks and enjoying the shade. Next, Chongqing is known for its spicy food. One of the most popular ___39___ (dish) is hot pot. It consists ___40___ a boiling pot of spicy broth where people cook fresh ingredients like meat ___41___ vegetables. The unique flavors and heat of the spices make every meal an adventure. Eating hot pot with friends is a fun experience, and the warmth of the food ___42___ (match) the city’s spirit. Last but not least, Chongqing features for its beautiful women, who often have a confident and ___43___ (charm) presence. The blend of beauty and personality adds to the lively atmosphere of the city. You can see many ___44___ (fashion) young women enjoying the streets and parks, making the city even more vibrant. Chongqing’s hot weather, spicy food, and warm people create ____45____ unique and exciting environment. Chongqing is hot. 【答案】36 that 37. extremely 38. making 39. dishes 40. of 41. and 42. matches 43. charming 44. fashionable 45. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文根据“hot”一词的三个含义，介绍了重庆这座城市的三个“热”特征：炎热的天气、辛辣的美食和迷人的女性。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：巧合的是，重庆，这座融合了现代摩天大楼和古老传统的城市，正是拥有这三个特点的城市。定语从句修饰先行词the very city，关系词在从句作主语，由the very修饰只能用that。故填that。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：在夏天，重庆可能会非常炎热和潮湿。修饰形容词hot，应用副词extremely。故填extremely。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：温度经常超过37摄氏度（95华氏度），让人感觉像在蒸桑拿。此处需要一个现在分词形式的动词来表示结果，构成结果状语，因此使用“making”。故填making。 【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：最受欢迎的菜肴之一是火锅。此处为“one of +可数名词复数”。故填dishes。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：它由一锅辛辣的肉汤组成，人们在里面煮新鲜的食材，比如肉和蔬菜。短语consist of表示“由……组成”，故填of。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：它由一锅辛辣的肉汤组成，人们在里面煮新鲜的食材，比如肉和蔬菜。此处meat和vegetables为并列关系，因此使用and。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：和朋友一起吃火锅是一种有趣的体验，食物的温暖与这座城市的精神相匹配。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，主语为the warmth of the food，谓语用三单形式。故填matches。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最后但并非最不重要一点是，重庆的特色在于美丽的女性，她们往往自信而迷人。修饰名词presence，应用形容词charming。故填charming。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你可以看到许多时尚的年轻女性享受着街道和公园，使这个城市更加充满活力。修饰名词young women应用形容词fashionable。故填fashionable。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：重庆炎热的天气、辛辣的食物和热情的人创造了一个独特而令人兴奋的环境。此处需要一个不定冠词来表示“一个独特的和令人振奋的环境”，又因unique的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，是学校诗歌社团的负责人。你校美国交换生Tom发邮件想加入该社团，请你给他回复，包括以下内容： 1. 介绍诗歌社团； 2. 近期的活动安排； 3. 表示欢迎。 注意：1. 词数100字左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, I’m delighted to know that you want to join our Poem Group. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m delighted to know that you want to join our Poem Group. On behalf of all the members, I warmly welcome your participation. Our Poem Group was set up last summer with the purpose of cultivating the students’ interest in poems like Tang Poems and Song Poems. Involving themselves in a variety of activities, the members can develop their ability of reading and appreciating ancient poems. And thus, they can learn to create their own poems as well. In the following two weeks, we’re planning to hold a range of activities, which includes attending lectures to be given by famous professors and participating in Poem Reading Competition. I’m sincerely inviting you to be our new member. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生是学校诗歌社团的负责人。学校美国交换生Tom发邮件想加入学校诗歌社团，要求考生作为诗歌社团负责人给他回邮件，介绍诗歌社团、近期的活动安排并表示欢迎。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted → happy 建立：set up → establish 目的：purpose → aim 参加：participate in → join in 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Involving themselves in a variety of activities, the members can develop their ability of reading and appreciating ancient poems. 拓展句：If the members are involved in a variety of activities, they can develop their ability of reading and appreciating ancient poems. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m delighted to know that you want to join our Poem Group. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】In the following two weeks, we’re planning to hold a range of activities, which includes attending lectures to be given by famous professors and participating in Poem Reading Competition. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 读后续写 The Secret of Flowers Anna worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. This was how they made their living. Anna helped her mother tend the garden, so the vegetables would be healthy and ready for the market. Anna often pretended the plants she tended were beautiful roses, like Mrs. Brown’s prize flowers. The only person in the village who made money selling flowers was Mrs Brown. She grew roses and sold them to flower shops in the city. Every year she joined the City Rose Festival. People thought that Mrs. Brown used magic to grow her roses. How else could she win first prize twenty years in a row? Anna loved to tend flowers. Moreover, she often dreamed about growing her own roses and winning first prize in the festival. With the prize money, she would also be able to lighten the burden at home. However, roses were too expensive for her to start. One day, Anna visited Mrs. Brown to see her flowers. Mrs. Brown was whispering to her roses when she arrived. “Spying on me again!” Mrs. Brown frowned. “I only came to see your flowers, Mrs. Brown.” Anna took a deep breath. “I wish I could grow beautiful roses and win a prize at the festival like you.” “I have experience passed down from generations.” Mrs. Brown laughed. “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.” Mrs. Brown returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Anna’s face. Then she pulled up a dried-up rose, and threw it over the fence. “A plant in bad condition. Unworthy of my time,” Mrs. Brown mumbled. Anna smiled, as she had an idea. She bowed farewell to Mrs. Brown and went out the garden gate. Mrs. Brown was busy minding her prize roses. Anna quickly bent over and grabbed the abandoned rose before rushing home. She remembered a quiet spot behind the cottage. It was the perfect place for her little rose to grow. Now, she had a chance for the festival. Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Anna planted the rose in her garden and tended it carefully. She nurtured it every day, watering it just right and making sure that it received plenty of sunlight. She talked to it softly, much like Mrs. Brown did with her roses, hoping her words would encourage it to bloom beautifully.Weeks passed, and Anna’s rose began to show signs of improvement. Its leaves grew greener, and a few buds formed at the ends of its stems. On festival morning, Mrs. Brown passed by and saw the beautiful rose. Mrs. Brown couldn’t hide her shock. Anna carried it to the festival, where it stood out among the rows of roses. As the prizes were announced, Anna’s flower won the hearts of all. Mrs. Brown’s mouth dropped open at the result and came to ask what her secret of planting flowers was. Anna mentioned it was being able to do something she enjoyed and trying her best. Shocked and proud, her mother said excitedly in a whisper  “Proud of you and your dream.”   【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Anna和妈妈种蔬菜谋生，Anna喜欢花并想在节日活动中获得奖金来减轻家里的负担，然而，她买不起玫瑰花，有一天她捡起了Mrs. Brown扔出花园的一朵玫瑰花，拿回家种植的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Anna 把玫瑰种在她的花园里，并悉心照料。”可知，第一段可描写“Anna悉心照料玫瑰花，它逐渐地绽放出生机和活力。”的相关细节。 ②由第二段首句内容“在节日的早晨，Mrs. Brown经过，看到了那朵美丽的玫瑰。”可知，第二段可描写“Mrs. Brown很惊讶，最终Anna的玫瑰花获奖，安娜提到成功的秘诀是能够做自己喜欢的事情并尽自己最大的努力。”的相关细节。 2.续写线索：Anna 精心照顾玫瑰花——玫瑰花恢复生机——Anna参赛——Anna获奖——Anna的母亲感到骄傲 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①确保：make sure/ensure ②鼓励：encourage/inspire ③宣布：announce/declare 情绪类 ①惊讶：shock/surprise/astonishment/amazement ②激动地：excitedly/passionately 【点睛】【高分句型1】She nurtured it every day, watering it just right and making sure that it received plenty of sunlight. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Anna carried it to the festival, where it stood out among the rows of roses.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) 1--5 ABCBC 6--10 BAACB 11--15 CAABC 16--20 BCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$