第01讲 选择性必修三Unit 1 Wish you were here 教材知识新课预习-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

第01讲 Unit 1 Wish you were here(选择必修三) 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理(吃透教材) 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 语言能力：掌握和运用与常见的地理概况和旅游资源相关的词汇、语法等知识； 文化意识：了解不同地区文化特色，增强对异域文化的认识和包容； 思维品质：加深对人与自然关系的理解； 学习能力：运用英语制定旅游计划，介绍家乡的旅游景点、饮食文化和当地特产，主动传播中华优秀传统。 单元知识点 单元词汇 1. distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 [教材原句]It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures. 它也是世界上最具种族多样性的国家之一，有着丰富多样的文化。 (1)be distinct from 与……截然不同 (2)distinctly adv.清楚地，明显地 (3)distinction n. 差别，区别，对比 make a distinction between A and B　把A和B区别开来 2. apart from 除了……外(都)，要不是；此外，除了……外(还) [教材原句]Apart from its geographical diversity，Canada's many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. 除了其地理环境的多样性，加拿大的许多农村地区和城市中心还体现了其居民的多样性。 besides (＝in addition to)除……以外(还包括) except除……以外(不包括) 3. bring about导致；引起 [教材原句]This ethnic variety, in turn, brings about cultural diversity. 这种民族多样性反过来又带来了文化多样性。 bring back把……送回，使回忆起，恢复 bring sth. back to life 使……焕发生机/复活 bring down让……降下来；使倒下 bring in引入；赚(钱) bring out使显现出；取出；阐明；出版 bring up培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐 [名师点津]表示“导致，引起”的词(组)还有cause，result in, contribute to，account for等。 4. resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决 [教材原句]I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. 当我在此地的时候，我下定决心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。 (1)make a resolution to do sth.下决心做某事 New Year's resolution 新年决心 (2)resolve v. 解决，决定，下决心 resolve to do sth. 决定做某事 resolve that...决定…… 5. contrast vi. 形成对比 vt. 对比，对照 n. 差异，差别；对照物 [教材原句]The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 沙丘的颜色与晴空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 (1)contrast with 与……形成对比 contrast A with/and B　把A和B进行对比 (2)by contrast 相比之下 in contrast to/with 与……相比 6. starve vi. & vt. (使)饿死，(使)挨饿 [教材原句]I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. 我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 (1)starve to death 饿死 (2)starve for 渴望…… be starved of缺乏……，急需…… (3)starvation n. 饥饿，挨饿，饿死 7. possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 [教材原句]I returned to the car and fetched more possessions. 我回到车上，又拿了些物品。 (1)be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb. 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain/have possession of 拥有；占有 (2)possess vt. (不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配 be possessed of 具有(某品质、特征等) [名师点津]in possession of表示主动，意为“占有；拥有；持有”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of表示被动，意为“被……占有，为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。类似的短语还有in charge of，in the charge of；in control of, in the control of等。 8. surrounding adj. 周围的,附近的 [教材原句]The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community. 旅游必需品如交通、住宿和食物的价格通常也会上涨,这给周边社区带来了更多的财富。 (1)surround vt. 围绕,环绕;包围 be surrounded by/with 被……包围/环绕 (2)surroundings n. 周围的事物;环境 9. harmony n. 融洽,和睦;和谐 [教材原句]More nature-centred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists. 更多以自然为中心、人与自然和谐相处的旅游景点,可能会受到大量游客的影响,甚至遭到破坏。 (1)in harmony with　与……和谐 (2)harmonious adj.融洽的,和睦的;和谐的 (3)harmoniously adv.融洽地;和谐地 10. manner n. 方式,方法;举止;(manners)礼貌 [教材原句]It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly manner. 以环保的方式旅行是很重要的。 in a/the...manner 　以……的方式 in the manner of 以……的风格 It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌 【名师点津】 manner用法点拨 manner当“礼貌”讲时,用复数形式。 单元句型 1.介词+谓语+主语的完全倒装句 [教材原句]To_the_east_of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water. 太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川水流侵蚀而成的深谷。 (1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)out, in, down, up, away, here, there, now, then, next等表示方位和时间的副词位于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子用完全倒装。 (4)代词such位于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。 [名师点津](1)当主语是人称代词时，不用完全倒装语序。如： (2)there be句型中的there还可以接表示“存在”的动词，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等。句型结构为：there+存在类动词+主语。 2. It wasn't long before...“不久就……”， [教材原句]It_wasn't_long_before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. 很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。 (1)It wasn't long before... “不久就……”(before从句用一般过去时) (2)It was+一段时间+before... “过了若干时间才……”(before从句用一般过去时) (3)It won't be long before... “很快就会……”(before从句用一般现在时) (4)It will be+一段时间+before...“要过若干时间之后才……”(before从句用一般现在时) [名师点津]before conj. 常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，可灵活翻译为：“还没来得及……就……”“……之后才……”“在……之前”“(不久)就……”“以免……”“趁着……(还没有)”。 【巩固练习】 I. 根据句意或所给提示词用适当形式填空。 1. Network news coverage often lacks ________(deep). 2. The sky and the sea make a ________(harmony) picture. 3. Internet shopping is a major way of ________(consume), which is, especially, well received by young people. 4. Universities have to provide student ________(accommodate) for first-year students. 5. We decided to explore the ________(surround) countryside. 6. They had received no news of him since his ________(depart) from the island. 7. The story ________(fold) as the film went on. 8. The people had to gather up their few ________(possess) and escape to the hills. 9. We all wonder how you always look so young and beautiful and ________(elegance)! 10. It was a race against time to stop people dying from ________(starve). Ⅱ.根据句意选择方框中所给短语并用适当形式填空。 apart from; come as no surprise, come down to; make one’s way to; beat down; in contrast with; in harmony with 1. The only way for us to survive is to live ________________ nature. 2. ________________ the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 3. When hearing the bell, the old man ________________ the door. 4. ________________ their system, ours seems very old-fashioned. 5. He didn’t put efforts into his study, so it ________________ that he failed in the exam III.完成句子 1. ________________________, who was looking out of the window. (完全倒装句) 窗户边坐着一个年轻人,他正向窗外看着。 2. ________________________, it’s a good idea to review your class notes.  随着考试的临近,复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。 3.I heard that she got injured in the accident, ________________________.  听说她在事故中受伤了,我心里充满了难过。 4. ________________________, the crops would be saved.  如果明天下雨,这些庄稼就能得救。 5. ________________________ he realizes his mistake and apologizes to you.  过不了多久他就会认识到自己的错误,并会向你道歉。 单元语法 考点1 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句 1.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 2.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 3. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,一般不能省略。 4.whose既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,先行词是人时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of whom。先行词是物时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of which。 5.as既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。 考点2 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 当先行词指时间或地点,且在定语从句中作状语时,用when,where引导非限制性定语从句,why不引导非限制性定语从句,但可用for which代替。 考点3 “介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句中,whom指人,which指物。 考点4 which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别 1. which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句或主句的部分内容。which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句的后面。常意为“这，这一点，这件事”。 2. as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词是整个主句。从句可位于主句前或主句后，也可位于主句中间。as引导的定语从句表示说话人的看法、态度或评论，as仍具有“正如，像”等意思。 【巩固练习】 (1)He works very well, ________ makes his boss satisfied. (2)That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. (3)—When did the young man save you? —January 1st, 2000, the first day of the new century, ________ I can never forget. (4)The letter is from my sister, ________ is working in Beijing. (5)Have you seen the film Titanic, ________ leading actor is world famous? (6)I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou? was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life. (7)As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ________ is named after his grandfather. (8)Mr. King was quickly taken to hospital, ________ a doctor wanted to examine his legs. (9)We will put off the outing until next week, ________ we won’t so busy. (10)________ is said above, the number of the students in our school has increased. 单元写作 写一篇旅游活动安排计划的文章 本单元的写作主题为写一篇旅游活动安排计划的文章。向游客介绍旅游的活动安排就是提前向游客说明旅游活动的具体内容,包括参观哪些景点及目的、具体的时间安排及注意事项等。体裁以应用文为主,包括电子邮件、通知、欢迎词、导游词等。 典题分析 假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Simon打算来长沙一日游,想请你帮忙为他制订一份旅行计划,请你写一封邮件给Simon,向他描述你制订的旅行计划。内容应包括: 1.简要介绍一下长沙这座城市; 2.详细介绍旅行计划的内容。 注意:1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Simon, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 写作迁移： 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对你们一家人近日去珠海长隆海洋王国(Chimelong Ocean Kingdom)游玩的经历很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.游玩经过： 出游时间：上周六； 出行工具：自驾车； 游玩内容：看海豚和海狮表演、在餐厅吃晚餐时还看到鱼、欣赏灯光秀等； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点1 distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 1. The old were scholars of great ________(distinct) while the young were the opposite. 2. There was ________ distinct smell of gas. 3. There are no obvious ________(distinct) between the two designs. 4. The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear________(distinct) between what is right and wrong. 考点2 apart from 除了……外(都)，要不是；此外，除了……外(还) 1. Apart from ________(read) the novel, people also hope to obtain a full view of this great work through films. 2.Apart from the regular housing，almost every tribe had some style of housing.(句型转换) (1)________ the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing. (2)________ ________ ________ the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing. 考点3 resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决 1. He made a resolution ________(lose) weight by ceasing having dessert for lunch. 2. The reforms owe a great deal to the ________(resolute) of one man. 3. He went back to his study, and this time attacked his work ________(resolute). 考点4. contrast vi. 形成对比 vt. 对比，对照 n. 差异，差别；对照物 1. In contrast ________ what you say, what you do really matters. 2. This film is a greater success than that one ________ contrast. 3. ________ contrast, when we are diligently focused, our attention tends to be towards the details of the problems we are trying to solve. 考点5 starve vi. & vt. (使)饿死，(使)挨饿 1. The effect was to disrupt the food chain, ________(starve) a great many animals. 2. Our ancestors would suffer from ________( starve) if they couldn’t gather enough grain. 3. Yuan Longping made great contributions to the world, dealing with ________(starve) problems. 考点6 possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 1. The house used to be in my possession, but now it is in ________ possession of an old lady. 2. Foreign visitors are required to be ________ possession of a passport. 3. Repairing our ________(possess) and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish. 4. The county ________(possess) rich cultural resources and the site of the western beginning of the Great Wall during the Qin Dynasty. 考点7 surrounding adj. 周围的,附近的 1. Close to a forest and a spring, this holiday village has beautiful ________(surround). 2. If you surround yourself ________ hardworking people, you will find yourself working hard towards your goal. 3. The village and its ________(surround) scenery are very pretty. 4. The school’s modern ________(surround) provide a stimulating learning environment for students. 考点8 harmony n. 融洽,和睦;和谐 1. I have a dream that human could live in harmony ________ the beautiful nature. 2. I am very proud to see the members working ________ harmony in the club. 3. Her voice is so ________( harmony) that it fills the concert hall with a sense of tranquility. 4. Happy people are peaceful people and they live ________ harmony with others. 考点9 关系代词引导的非限制定语从句 1. The old professor has many students, most of ________ have achieved great success in their respective fields. 2. William Sydney Porter, ________  pen name was O. Henry, was a world-famous American short story writer. 3. The publication of Great Expectations, ________ was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. 考点10 关系副词引导的非限制定语从句 1. I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, ________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 2. He often recalls his childhood, ________ he lived with his grandparents in the countryside.) 3. The place, ________ we had a great time last summer, is a seaside town. 考点11 介词+关系代词引导的非限制定语从句 1. The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, most of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. 2. After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ________ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. 3. They encountered countless hardships throughout their journey, each of ________ tested their will, but they succeeded in the end. (用适当的词填空) 考点12 as, which引导非限制定语从句的辨析 1. He slept at class yesterday, ________ is often the case. 2. More and more people in the world, ________ we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. 3. He is rather amazed, ________ can be seen from his face. 一、阅读理解 In 1240, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II built Castel del Monte on a lonely hill in central Puglia, where he had a perfect view of approaching enemies. He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996. Officially, UNESCO honors places that exemplify an area’s ancestry, with the purpose of ensuring they are preserved. Unofficially, this designation is a kind of fairy dust that often turns little-known cultural sites into overnight tourist sensations. This is both a gift and a cuss. Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built”. There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program. “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development. 1. What can we learn about Castel del Monte? A. It was built to enjoy the view. B. It has become a hot tourist spot. C. It has to make way for a shopping mall. D. It failed to win UNESCO designation in 1996. 2. Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cuss” in paragraph 2? A. Drawback. B. Promise. C. Solution. D. Chance. 3. How does the author support King’s words in the last paragraph? A. By quoting experts. B. By analyzing cause and effect. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 4. Which of the following statements may Joseph King agree with? A. UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation. B. UNESCO turns unknown sites into tourist attractions. C. Tourism offers financial rewards but also posing threats. D. Africa has balanced heritage preservation and urban development. 二、七选五 Visiting Kunming This year, Kunming saw strong growth in its cultural and tourism industry. During the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays, Kunming’s A-level scenic spots (35 in total) received more than two million visitors. 1 Kunming has towering mountains, deep valleys, rivers, lakes and primitive forests. 2 Events like off-road races for cars and motorcycles, cross-country competitions and more have received high praise from sports lovers. People who enjoy working out will have a different experience in the open air there. 3 There are many time-honored Yunnan restaurants, where ethnic dishes are widely enjoyed. Wild mushrooms, mountain vegetables, fresh flowers, fruit and a variety of local snacks are all the best choice. Kunming is famous for a year-round air quality with an excellent rate of 99 percent as 52.62 percent of the city is covered with forests. As a result, it is home to different species. Every year from November to April, tens of thousands of black-headed gulls fly long distances to Kunming for the winter. 4 In a word, Kunming, as the Spring City, has a comfortable climate in all seasons, making it a dream place to visit. 5 A. The city is a gathering place of the various tastes of Yunnan. B. They come here to spend a winter because of the warm climate. C. People who like natural beauty really think the place is wonderful. D. These natural conditions provide perfect settings for outdoor activities. E. Let’s explore the reasons why it has become so popular among visitors. F. So visitors enjoy its natural beauty, great food, and rich species all year round. G. Tourist sites along Dianchi Lake are great places for observing wintering birds. 三、完形填空 Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays, it is launching a(n) 1 campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year. Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to 2 the city’s historic center will face 3 starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for 4 words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better 5 the phenomenon. Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards(乘务员) who will remind them of the new requirement and 6 anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) . Payment places will be 7 for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone 8 beyond designated(指定的) control places without the required documentation will be 9 to fines. These will 10 from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros. An exemption voucher(免除凭证) will be 11 to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and 12 of the region. Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on 13 days, encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents. The advertising video, 14 Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a 15 . 1. A. advertising B. recycling C. welcoming D. marketing 2. A. decorate B. enter C. evaluate D. promote 3. A. compensations B. rewards C. pays D. fines 4. A. harder B. softer C. plainer D. smarter 5. A. acknowledge B. interpret C. highlight D. manage 6. A. trace B. monitor C. help D. identify 7. A. torn down B. moved away C. set up D. taken over 8. A. found B. left C. thought D. sent 9. A. subject B. forced C. ready D. applied 10. A. distinguish B. arise C. range D. suffer 11. A. made B. issued C. printed D. collected 12. A. students B. workers C. stewards D. residents 13. A. clear B. peak C. gloomy D. ordinary 14. A. featuring B. catching C. anticipating D. opposing 15. A. strike B. kick C. hit D. beat 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dutch architectural firm MVRDV has won a competition to build what will become one of China’s largest libraries. The 1 (innovate) design for the new Wuhan Library combines traditional and non-traditional spaces all housed under a roof inspired by the city’s rivers. Described by the firm 2 a “canyon (峡谷) of books”, the complex covers about 1.5 million square feet. Inside visitors can see a canyon-like terrace (露台) with stepped bookshelves (书架), 3 builds up from the large ground-floor public space visitors can use throughout the day. The spaces on the terrace provide areas for reading, working, and engaging in library programs. The higher up you go, the 4 (quiet) the spaces will be. The library will be surrounded by a park, with the hot climate being taken into consideration when planting. Special shutters on 5 front of the complex are laid in a bookshelf pattern 6 (block) sunlight and reduce energy consumption. The use of smart devices and an efficient lighting system 7 (effective) reduces the building’s energy demands, while solar collectors 8 (build) into the library’s flowing roof provide the building with renewable energy. This is MVRDV’s second design library in China after 9 (present) the Tianjin Binhai Library in 2017. While the Wuhan Library is more than three times the size, both projects have a common goal to provide a community social space to improve the lives of 10 (resident). 五、写作 应用文写作 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Alex打算在春节期间到中国旅行，请你为他做一个旅行计划，内容包括： 1. 推荐路线及理由； 2. 春节特色活动。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Dad and Mom have been crazy campers for years. Our neighbors said that they camped while dating, while taking a honeymoon, and even while pregnant. We three children had no chance to witness their past. What we do know is that we have had wonderful camping experiences since we could remember things. Some of our memories are funny, some are exciting, some are embarrassing. Every time when Dad pulls our camper(露营车) out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience. Once, we camped along Chalk Creek. Mom was worried that my two-year-old brother Jimmy would fall into the creek. She tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So instead of tying him up, she just kept a close eye on him. It worked — Jimmy didn’t end up in the creek. My five-year-old sister, Jessica, however, did. Luckily far-sighted Mom packed with her enough clothes for three of us, so she could hold her tears in time and became energetic again after getting changed. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we set off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. Dad stopped fishing to start the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No luck. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. Mom began to check our life jackets. She made sure every button was fastened properly. Dad took out a whistle from the bag and blew it, expecting to get some assistance from nearby people. Meanwhile he told us that both Mom and he were outstanding swimmers. If no rescue arrived, they would manage to push the boat toward the lakeside. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We had no chance to cheer for their swimming skills that day since a fisherman in a boat showed up soon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The minute all of us were safe home, Jessica asked when we would go camping next time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 13 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第01讲 Unit 1 Wish you were here(选择必修三) 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理(吃透教材) 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 语言能力：掌握和运用与常见的地理概况和旅游资源相关的词汇、语法等知识； 文化意识：了解不同地区文化特色，增强对异域文化的认识和包容； 思维品质：加深对人与自然关系的理解； 学习能力：运用英语制定旅游计划，介绍家乡的旅游景点、饮食文化和当地特产，主动传播中华优秀传统。 单元知识点 单元词汇 1. distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 [教材原句]It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures. 它也是世界上最具种族多样性的国家之一，有着丰富多样的文化。 (1)be distinct from 与……截然不同 (2)distinctly adv.清楚地，明显地 (3)distinction n. 差别，区别，对比 make a distinction between A and B　把A和B区别开来 2. apart from 除了……外(都)，要不是；此外，除了……外(还) [教材原句]Apart from its geographical diversity，Canada's many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. 除了其地理环境的多样性，加拿大的许多农村地区和城市中心还体现了其居民的多样性。 besides (＝in addition to)除……以外(还包括) except除……以外(不包括) 3. bring about导致；引起 [教材原句]This ethnic variety, in turn, brings about cultural diversity. 这种民族多样性反过来又带来了文化多样性。 bring back把……送回，使回忆起，恢复 bring sth. back to life 使……焕发生机/复活 bring down让……降下来；使倒下 bring in引入；赚(钱) bring out使显现出；取出；阐明；出版 bring up培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐 [名师点津]表示“导致，引起”的词(组)还有cause，result in, contribute to，account for等。 4. resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决 [教材原句]I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. 当我在此地的时候，我下定决心要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。 (1)make a resolution to do sth.下决心做某事 New Year's resolution 新年决心 (2)resolve v. 解决，决定，下决心 resolve to do sth. 决定做某事 resolve that...决定…… 5. contrast vi. 形成对比 vt. 对比，对照 n. 差异，差别；对照物 [教材原句]The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 沙丘的颜色与晴空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 (1)contrast with 与……形成对比 contrast A with/and B　把A和B进行对比 (2)by contrast 相比之下 in contrast to/with 与……相比 6. starve vi. & vt. (使)饿死，(使)挨饿 [教材原句]I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. 我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 (1)starve to death 饿死 (2)starve for 渴望…… be starved of缺乏……，急需…… (3)starvation n. 饥饿，挨饿，饿死 7. possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 [教材原句]I returned to the car and fetched more possessions. 我回到车上，又拿了些物品。 (1)be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb. 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain/have possession of 拥有；占有 (2)possess vt. (不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配 be possessed of 具有(某品质、特征等) [名师点津]in possession of表示主动，意为“占有；拥有；持有”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of表示被动，意为“被……占有，为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。类似的短语还有in charge of，in the charge of；in control of, in the control of等。 8. surrounding adj. 周围的,附近的 [教材原句]The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community. 旅游必需品如交通、住宿和食物的价格通常也会上涨,这给周边社区带来了更多的财富。 (1)surround vt. 围绕,环绕;包围 be surrounded by/with 被……包围/环绕 (2)surroundings n. 周围的事物;环境 9. harmony n. 融洽,和睦;和谐 [教材原句]More nature-centred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists. 更多以自然为中心、人与自然和谐相处的旅游景点,可能会受到大量游客的影响,甚至遭到破坏。 (1)in harmony with　与……和谐 (2)harmonious adj.融洽的,和睦的;和谐的 (3)harmoniously adv.融洽地;和谐地 10. manner n. 方式,方法;举止;(manners)礼貌 [教材原句]It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly manner. 以环保的方式旅行是很重要的。 in a/the...manner 　以……的方式 in the manner of 以……的风格 It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事有礼貌/没礼貌 【名师点津】 manner用法点拨 manner当“礼貌”讲时,用复数形式。 单元句型 1.介词+谓语+主语的完全倒装句 [教材原句]To_the_east_of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water. 太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川水流侵蚀而成的深谷。 (1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)out, in, down, up, away, here, there, now, then, next等表示方位和时间的副词位于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子用完全倒装。 (4)代词such位于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。 [名师点津](1)当主语是人称代词时，不用完全倒装语序。如： (2)there be句型中的there还可以接表示“存在”的动词，如live, exist, lie, stand, seem, rise, remain, happen, come, go等。句型结构为：there+存在类动词+主语。 2. It wasn't long before...“不久就……”， [教材原句]It_wasn't_long_before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. 很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。 (1)It wasn't long before... “不久就……”(before从句用一般过去时) (2)It was+一段时间+before... “过了若干时间才……”(before从句用一般过去时) (3)It won't be long before... “很快就会……”(before从句用一般现在时) (4)It will be+一段时间+before...“要过若干时间之后才……”(before从句用一般现在时) [名师点津]before conj. 常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，可灵活翻译为：“还没来得及……就……”“……之后才……”“在……之前”“(不久)就……”“以免……”“趁着……(还没有)”。 【巩固练习】 I. 根据句意或所给提示词用适当形式填空。 1. Network news coverage often lacks ________(deep). 2. The sky and the sea make a ________(harmony) picture. 3. Internet shopping is a major way of ________(consume), which is, especially, well received by young people. 4. Universities have to provide student ________(accommodate) for first-year students. 5. We decided to explore the ________(surround) countryside. 6. They had received no news of him since his ________(depart) from the island. 7. The story ________(fold) as the film went on. 8. The people had to gather up their few ________(possess) and escape to the hills. 9. We all wonder how you always look so young and beautiful and ________(elegance)! 10. It was a race against time to stop people dying from ________(starve). 【答案】 1. depth 2. harmonious 3. consumption 4. accommodation 1. surrounding 6. departure 7. unfolded 8. possessions 9. elegant 10. starvation Ⅱ.根据句意选择方框中所给短语并用适当形式填空。 apart from; come as no surprise, come down to; make one’s way to; beat down; in contrast with; in harmony with 1. The only way for us to survive is to live ________________ nature. 2. ________________ the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 3. When hearing the bell, the old man ________________ the door. 4. ________________ their system, ours seems very old-fashioned. 5. He didn’t put efforts into his study, so it ________________ that he failed in the exam 【答案】 1.in harmony with 2. Apart from 3. made his way to 4. In contrast with 5.came as no surprise III.完成句子 1. ________________________, who was looking out of the window. (完全倒装句) 窗户边坐着一个年轻人,他正向窗外看着。 2. ________________________, it’s a good idea to review your class notes.  随着考试的临近,复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。 3.I heard that she got injured in the accident, ________________________.  听说她在事故中受伤了,我心里充满了难过。 4. ________________________, the crops would be saved.  如果明天下雨,这些庄稼就能得救。 5. ________________________ he realizes his mistake and apologizes to you.  过不了多久他就会认识到自己的错误,并会向你道歉。 【答案】 1. By the window sat a young man 2. With exams approaching/drawing near/ around the corner 3. my heart full of sadness 4. Should it rain tomorrow 5. It won’t be long before 单元语法 考点1 关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句 1.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 2.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 3. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,一般不能省略。 4.whose既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,先行词是人时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of whom。先行词是物时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of which。 5.as既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。 考点2 关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句 当先行词指时间或地点,且在定语从句中作状语时,用when,where引导非限制性定语从句,why不引导非限制性定语从句,但可用for which代替。 考点3 “介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句中,whom指人,which指物。 考点4 which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别 1. which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词既可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句或主句的部分内容。which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句的后面。常意为“这，这一点，这件事”。 2. as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词是整个主句。从句可位于主句前或主句后，也可位于主句中间。as引导的定语从句表示说话人的看法、态度或评论，as仍具有“正如，像”等意思。 【巩固练习】 (1)He works very well, ________ makes his boss satisfied. (2)That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. (3)—When did the young man save you? —January 1st, 2000, the first day of the new century, ________ I can never forget. (4)The letter is from my sister, ________ is working in Beijing. (5)Have you seen the film Titanic, ________ leading actor is world famous? (6)I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou? was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life. (7)As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ________ is named after his grandfather. (8)Mr. King was quickly taken to hospital, ________ a doctor wanted to examine his legs. (9)We will put off the outing until next week, ________ we won’t so busy. (10)________ is said above, the number of the students in our school has increased. 【答案】 (1) which (2) which (3) which (4) who (5) whose (6) which (7) which (8) where (9) when (10) As 单元写作 写一篇旅游活动安排计划的文章 本单元的写作主题为写一篇旅游活动安排计划的文章。向游客介绍旅游的活动安排就是提前向游客说明旅游活动的具体内容,包括参观哪些景点及目的、具体的时间安排及注意事项等。体裁以应用文为主,包括电子邮件、通知、欢迎词、导游词等。 典题分析 假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Simon打算来长沙一日游,想请你帮忙为他制订一份旅行计划,请你写一封邮件给Simon,向他描述你制订的旅行计划。内容应包括: 1.简要介绍一下长沙这座城市; 2.详细介绍旅行计划的内容。 注意:1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Simon, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua [分析] 体裁：应用文；旅游活动安排计划 时态：一般将来时 人称：第一人称 框架：第一段：表示欢迎。 第二段：具体活动安排。 第三段：表达愿望 [参考范文] Dear Simon, It’s so nice to hear that you are coming to take a trip to Changsha.I’d like to express my warm welcome to you.Here are the tour arrangements I’ve made for you. In your one-day-trip, in the morning, I’d like to show you the main scenic spot—the Yuelu Mountain.We’ll climb to the top and get a bird’s-eye view of the magnificent city.After lunch, we plan to make our way to a more modern sight—the pedestrian mall, where we’ll do some souvenir shopping and try the local snacks.At sunset, we’ll walk along the river scenic belt. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 写作迁移： 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对你们一家人近日去珠海长隆海洋王国(Chimelong Ocean Kingdom)游玩的经历很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.游玩经过： 出游时间：上周六； 出行工具：自驾车； 游玩内容：看海豚和海狮表演、在餐厅吃晚餐时还看到鱼、欣赏灯光秀等； 2.你的感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Peter, Last Saturday, my family and I visited Chimelong Ocean Kingdom by car. We enjoyed the dolphin and sea lion shows, which were both entertaining and educational. While having dinner at the park’s restaurant, we were fascinated by the fish swimming around us. The highlight of our trip was the stunning light show at night, which left us in awe. Overall, the experience was unforgettable, and I felt a deep sense of joy spending quality time with my family. I highly recommend you visit the park when you have the chance. Yours, Li Hua 【语篇解读】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给英国朋友Peter写一封邮件，介绍一家人近日去珠海长隆海洋王国游玩的经过和感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 娱乐的：entertaining → amusing 迷人的：fascinated → captivated 美丽的：stunning → gorgeous 难忘的：unforgettable → memorable 2.句式拓展： 同义句替换 原句：While having dinner at the park’s restaurant, we were fascinated by the fish swimming around us. 拓展句：While we were having dinner at the park’s restaurant, we were fascinated by the fish that were swimming around us. 【点睛】 [高分句型1]While having dinner at the park’s restaurant, we were fascinated by the fish swimming around us. (使用了while引导时间状语从句的省略结构) [高分句型2]The highlight of our trip was the stunning light show at night, which left us in awe. (使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 考点1 distinct adj. 截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 1. The old were scholars of great ________(distinct) while the young were the opposite. 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：年长者是非常杰出的学者，而年轻人则相反。空处作of的宾语，被great修饰，应用distinct的名词形式distinction，意为“杰出，出色”，是不可数名词。故填distinction。 2. There was ________ distinct smell of gas. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：有一股明显的煤气味。此处需要一个冠词来修饰后面的单数名词smell(气味)，表示泛指，并且因为distinct是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以应该使用不定冠词a。故填a。 3. There are no obvious ________(distinct) between the two designs. 【答案】distinctions 【详解】考查名词。句意：这两种设计之间没有明显的区别。根据are可知，空处填名词复数distinctions作主语。故填distinctions。 4. The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear________(distinct) between what is right and wrong. 【答案】distinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：受训者所学到的知识和技能可以帮助他们明确区分什么是对的和什么是错的。分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词单数作宾语，所以应填distinction，表“区别”。故填distinction。 考点2 apart from 除了……外(都)，要不是；此外，除了……外(还) 1. Apart from ________(read) the novel, people also hope to obtain a full view of this great work through films. 【答案】reading 【详解】考查动名词。句意：除了阅读小说外，人们还希望通过电影全面了解这部伟大的作品。介词from后，read用动名词形式作宾语。故填reading。 2.Apart from the regular housing，almost every tribe had some style of housing.(句型转换) (1)________ the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing. (2)________ ________ ________ the regular housing, almost every tribe had some style of housing. 【答案】Besides; In addition to 【详解】考查介词(短语)。句意：除了常规的住房外，几乎每个部落都有某种类型的住房。原句中介词短语“Apart from”意为“除了”，可用同义介词besides或者介词短语in addition to替换。故填Besides；In addition to。 考点3 resolution n. 决心，决定；决议；解决 1. He made a resolution ________(lose) weight by ceasing having dessert for lunch. 【答案】to lose 【详解】考查不定式。句意：他下定决心要通过午餐不再吃甜点来减肥。make a resolution to do sth.是固定短语，意为“下定决心做某事”，因此空格处用不定式作后置定语。故填to lose。 2. The reforms owe a great deal to the ________(resolute) of one man. 【答案】resolution 【详解】考查名词。句意：改革在很大程度上要归功于一个人的决心。空处需填名词resolution，作宾语。故填resolution。 3. He went back to his study, and this time attacked his work ________(resolute). 【答案】resolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：他回到他的书房，这次他毅然决然地投入工作。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词作状语，resolute(果断的、决然的)为形容词，对应的副词为resolutely。故填resolutely。 考点4. contrast vi. 形成对比 vt. 对比，对照 n. 差异，差别；对照物 1. In contrast ________ what you say, what you do really matters. 【答案】to/with 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：与你所说的相反，你所做的才是真正重要的。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语In contrast to/with“与……相反”，满足句意要求。故填to/with。 2. This film is a greater success than that one ________ contrast. 【答案】by 【详解】考查介词固定搭配。句意：相比之下，这部电影比那部更成功。固定短语by contrast意为“对比之下”，符合语境。故填by。 3. ________ contrast, when we are diligently focused, our attention tends to be towards the details of the problems we are trying to solve. 【答案】In 【详解】考查介词、固定短语。句意：相比之下，当我们努力集中注意力时，我们的注意力往往集中在我们试图解决的问题的细节上。分析句子结构，in contrast为固定短语，含义为“相比之下”，符合句意，故填In。 考点5 starve vi. & vt. (使)饿死，(使)挨饿 1. The effect was to disrupt the food chain, ________(starve) a great many animals. 【答案】starving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：其结果是破坏了食物链，使许多动物饿死。空格处应该用非谓语形式作状语，动词starve与上文的内容之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式starving。故填starving。 2. Our ancestors would suffer from ________( starve) if they couldn’t gather enough grain. 【答案】starvation 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果我们的祖先无法收获足够的粮食，他们就会挨饿。分析句子可知，空前是介词，空处应填名词作宾语，starve的名词是starvation“饥饿”。故填starvation。 3. Yuan Longping made great contributions to the world, dealing with ________(starve) problems. 【答案】starvation 【详解】考查名词。句意：袁隆平为世界做出了巨大贡献，解决了饥饿问题。结合语意可知，空处应用名词形式starvation，starvation problems“饥饿问题”，作with的宾语。故填starvation。 考点6 possession n. 私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 1. The house used to be in my possession, but now it is in ________ possession of an old lady. 【答案】the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：这房子过去归我所有，但现在归一位老太太所有。短语in the possession of表示“拥有”，故填the。 2. Foreign visitors are required to be ________ possession of a passport. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：外国游客必须持有护照。空处应用介词，后接名词“possession”；介词短语in possession of意为“拥有”，符合句意。故填in。 3. Repairing our ________(possess) and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish. 【答案】possessions 【详解】考查名词。句意：修理我们的物品和改变我们的消费习惯可能是减少垃圾量的最佳方法。设空处应使用名词，作Repairing的宾语，possess的名词形式是possession“个人财产，私人物品”，通常用复数形式。故填possessions。 4. The county ________(possess) rich cultural resources and the site of the western beginning of the Great Wall during the Qin Dynasty. 【答案】possesses 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该县拥有丰富的文化资源，是秦朝长城西起点的所在地。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为county，谓语用三单形式。故填possesses。 考点7 surrounding adj. 周围的,附近的 1. Close to a forest and a spring, this holiday village has beautiful ________(surround). 【答案】surroundings 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个度假村紧靠森林和泉水，环境优美。空处需填名词surrounding，作宾语，表示“环境”时，常用复数形式。故填surroundings。 2. If you surround yourself ________ hardworking people, you will find yourself working hard towards your goal. 【答案】with/by 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你身边都是勤奋的人，你会发现自己正在为实现目标而努力。分析句子可知，这里考查surround sb with/by sth，表“用某物包围某人”，为固定搭配。故填with/by。 3. The village and its ________(surround) scenery are very pretty. 【答案】surrounding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个村庄和周围的风景都很漂亮。所填应是形容词，作定语，修饰名词“scenery”。“surround”，动词，意为“包围，围绕”，其形容词形式为“surrounding(周围的，附近的)”。故填surrounding。 4. The school’s modern ________(surround) provide a stimulating learning environment for students. 【答案】surroundings 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校现代化的周边环境为学生提供了一个刺激性的学习环境。空格前为形容词modern意为“现代的”，所以空格处应填名词作句子主语，同时结合谓语动词provide可知此处应为名词复数形式，surround的名词为surroundings意为“周边环境”。故填surroundings。 考点8 harmony n. 融洽,和睦;和谐 1. I have a dream that human could live in harmony ________ the beautiful nature. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：我有一个梦想，那就是人类能够与美丽的自然和谐相处。根据固定短语in harmony with“协调一致地，与……相合”可知，此处用介词with，符合题意。故填with。 2. I am very proud to see the members working ________ harmony in the club. 【答案】in 【详解】考查名词。句意：我很自豪地看到会员们在俱乐部里和谐地工作。in harmony是固定短语，作状语，意为“融洽；和睦”。故填in。 3. Her voice is so ________( harmony) that it fills the concert hall with a sense of tranquility. 【答案】harmonious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的声音如此和谐，使音乐厅充满了一种宁静的感觉。空处应用形容词，作表语；harmonious为形容词，表示“和谐的”，符合句意。故填harmonious。 4. Happy people are peaceful people and they live ________ harmony with others. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：快乐的人是平和的人，他们与他人和谐相处。in harmony with协调一致地，为固定短语。故填in。 考点9 关系代词引导的非限制定语从句 1. The old professor has many students, most of ________ have achieved great success in their respective fields. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老教授有很多学生，其中大多数在各自的领域取得了巨大的成功。逗号后为定语从句，先行词是students，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作of的宾语，因此用关系代词whom，构成“介词+关系代词”结构的定语从句。故填whom。 2. William Sydney Porter, ________  pen name was O. Henry, was a world-famous American short story writer. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·西德尼·波特，笔名欧·亨利，是美国著名短篇小说作家。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为William Sydney Porter，作从句中pen name的定语，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 3. The publication of Great Expectations, ________ was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《远大前程》的出版，受到了广泛的评论和高度赞扬，巩固了狄更斯作为著名小说家的地位。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The publication of Great Expectations，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which。故填which。 考点10 关系副词引导的非限制定语从句 1. I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, ________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我和我的朋友爬上了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了美丽的湖景。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the top of the hill，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 2. He often recalls his childhood, ________ he lived with his grandparents in the countryside.) 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他经常回忆起他的童年，那时他和爷爷奶奶住在乡下。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词his childhood，在从句作时间状语，故用when。故填when。 3. The place, ________ we had a great time last summer, is a seaside town. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个地方是一个海滨小镇，去年夏天我们在那里度过了愉快的时光。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The place，在从句作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。 考点11 介词+关系代词引导的非限制定语从句 1. The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, most of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这里是将近 1000人的家园，他们中的很多人为了在城市里过上更好的日子而背井离乡。此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句，且关系词前有介词，需用“介词+which/whom”的结构，先行词是people，指人，作宾语。故填 whom。 2. After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ________ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：开车十小时后，我们来到了一所温室，透过玻璃墙我们看到了许多绿色的植物。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，从句的名词glass wall缺少定语，用whose表示“……的”，故填whose。 3. They encountered countless hardships throughout their journey, each of ________ tested their will, but they succeeded in the end. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们在旅途中遇到了无数的困难，每一次都考验了他们的意志，但他们最终成功了。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词hardships，为物，在从句中作介词of后宾语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 考点12 as, which引导非限制定语从句的辨析 1. He slept at class yesterday, ________ is often the case. 【答案】as 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他昨天上课睡觉了，这是常有的事。句型as is often the case表示“这是常有的事”，as引导非限制性定语从句。故填as。 2. More and more people in the world, ________ we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如我们所看到的，世界上越来越多的人已经意识到污染控制的重要性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个句子的内容，关系词在从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，应用关系代词as引导从句。故填as。 3. He is rather amazed, ________ can be seen from his face. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他相当惊讶，从他的脸上可以看出。as can be seen from...是一个常用的固定句式，意为 “正如从……可以看出的那样”，在这里as引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，它指代的是前面整个句子，意为“正如……”。故填 as。 一、阅读理解 In 1240, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II built Castel del Monte on a lonely hill in central Puglia, where he had a perfect view of approaching enemies. He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996. Officially, UNESCO honors places that exemplify an area’s ancestry, with the purpose of ensuring they are preserved. Unofficially, this designation is a kind of fairy dust that often turns little-known cultural sites into overnight tourist sensations. This is both a gift and a cuss. Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built”. There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program. “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development. 1. What can we learn about Castel del Monte? A. It was built to enjoy the view. B. It has become a hot tourist spot. C. It has to make way for a shopping mall. D. It failed to win UNESCO designation in 1996. 2. Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cuss” in paragraph 2? A. Drawback. B. Promise. C. Solution. D. Chance. 3. How does the author support King’s words in the last paragraph? A. By quoting experts. B. By analyzing cause and effect. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 4. Which of the following statements may Joseph King agree with? A. UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation. B. UNESCO turns unknown sites into tourist attractions. C. Tourism offers financial rewards but also posing threats. D. Africa has balanced heritage preservation and urban development. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述的是Castel del Monte从军事要塞转变为旅游热点的过程，以及被UNESCO认定为世界遗产后对当地带来的机遇与挑战。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996. (他可能从来没有想到敌人有一天会是游客。但如今，这座古老的城堡已经被擦得干干正正，数百辆色彩斑斓的普尔曼巴士沿着蜿蜒的道路蜿蜒而上，驶往城堡的场地，现在到处都是t恤摊、可口可乐的招牌和一个可容纳200辆车的停车场。这一切都要归功于联合国教科文组织于1996年将其指定为世界遗产。)”可知，蒙特城堡现在已经成为一个热门旅游景点，每天参观的游客络绎不绝。故选B。 2. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built(世界观察研究所高级顾问丽莎•马斯特尼表示，对于那些被认为“对人类有突出价值”的地方来说，旅游业是一把双刃剑。它为许多贫困社区提供了获得经济回报的机会，但也威胁到该行业最终建立的人力和自然资源。)”可知，Lisa Mastny为，旅游业是一把双刃剑。它为许多贫困社区提供了获得经济回报的机会，但也威胁到该行业最终建立的人力和自然资源。由此可知，“旅游对于世界遗产地而言既是馈赠又有缺点。故划线词意思是“缺点”与A选项“Drawback.(缺点)”为同义。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development. (“在早期，人们并没有太关注这些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生什么。但这种情况正在缓慢改变，”国际文化财产保护与修复研究中心遗址部门主任Joseph King说。在非洲，一个为期12年的培训项目正在进行中，该项目不仅教授当地人如何保护他们不可移动的文化遗产，还教授他们如何将其用于经济发展。在东欧，旅游业是一个相对较新的事物，城市正在寻求帮助，以弄清楚如何在保护历史中心和促进城市发展之间划清界限。)”可知，作者通过列举了非洲、东欧的例子来说明一些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生的变化。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program.(越来越多的人意识到，如果没有某种后续的保护计划，被联合国教科文组织认定是毫无价值的，甚至是有害的。)”以及“ “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King(“在早期，人们并没有太关注这些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生什么。但这种情况正在缓慢改变，” Joseph King说)”可知，如果没有后续的保护计划，被联合国教科文组织认定是毫无价值的，Joseph King认为早期的时候人们并没有太关注这些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生什么。但这种情况正在缓慢改变即被联合国教科文组织认定的遗址现在正在慢慢地配有后续的保护计划，因此推断他认为被联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产后需要有后续的保护计划，这些计划是有着重要意义的。A选项“UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation.(联合国教科文组织的认定需要后续保护。)”符合题意。故选A。 二、七选五 Visiting Kunming This year, Kunming saw strong growth in its cultural and tourism industry. During the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays, Kunming’s A-level scenic spots (35 in total) received more than two million visitors. 1 Kunming has towering mountains, deep valleys, rivers, lakes and primitive forests. 2 Events like off-road races for cars and motorcycles, cross-country competitions and more have received high praise from sports lovers. People who enjoy working out will have a different experience in the open air there. 3 There are many time-honored Yunnan restaurants, where ethnic dishes are widely enjoyed. Wild mushrooms, mountain vegetables, fresh flowers, fruit and a variety of local snacks are all the best choice. Kunming is famous for a year-round air quality with an excellent rate of 99 percent as 52.62 percent of the city is covered with forests. As a result, it is home to different species. Every year from November to April, tens of thousands of black-headed gulls fly long distances to Kunming for the winter. 4 In a word, Kunming, as the Spring City, has a comfortable climate in all seasons, making it a dream place to visit. 5 A. The city is a gathering place of the various tastes of Yunnan. B. They come here to spend a winter because of the warm climate. C. People who like natural beauty really think the place is wonderful. D. These natural conditions provide perfect settings for outdoor activities. E. Let’s explore the reasons why it has become so popular among visitors. F. So visitors enjoy its natural beauty, great food, and rich species all year round. G. Tourist sites along Dianchi Lake are great places for observing wintering birds. 【答案】1. E 2. D 3. A 4. G 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了昆明作为一座旅游城市，其文化旅游业的发展、自然风光、户外活动、美食以及生物多样性等方面的特点和魅力。 1. 根据空前“During the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holidays, Kunming’s A-level scenic spots(35 in total)received more than two million visitors(在中秋和国庆假期期间，昆明的 A 级景区(共 35 个)接待了两百多万游客。让我们来探究一下它为何在游客中如此受欢迎的原因吧。).”可知，昆明景区非常受欢迎。选项E“Let’s explore the reasons why it has become so popular among visitors.(让我们来探究一下它为何在游客中如此受欢迎的原因吧。)”承上启下，自然引出下文对昆明受欢迎的原因的具体阐述，符合语境。故选E。 2. 根据上文“Kunming has towering mountains, deep valleys, rivers, lakes and primitive forests.(昆明有高耸的山脉、幽深的山谷、河流、湖泊以及原始森林。)”以及下文提及像汽车、摩托车越野赛以及越野比赛等户外运动受到体育爱好者好评可推测，选项D“These natural conditions provide perfect settings for outdoor activities. (这些自然条件为户外活动提供了绝佳的环境。)”起到了承上启下的作用，将自然条件与户外运动联系起来，符合逻辑。故选D。 3. 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“There are many time-honored Yunnan restaurants, where ethnic dishes are widely enjoyed. Wild mushrooms, mountain vegetables, fresh flowers, fruit and a variety of local snacks are all the best choice.(这里有许多历史悠久的云南餐馆，民族特色菜肴广受喜爱。野生蘑菇、山野菜、鲜花、水果以及各种各样的当地小吃都是上佳之选。)”可知，本段描述了昆明的美食。选项A“The city is a gathering place of the various tastes of Yunnan.(这座城市是汇聚云南各种风味的地方。)”能够很好地引出关于美食的阐述，符合语境。故选A。 4. 根据空前内容“Every year from November to April, tens of thousands of black-headed gulls fly long distances to Kunming for the winter.(每年 11 月到次年 4 月，成千上万只红嘴鸥长途飞行到昆明过冬)”，可知，每年都有成千上万只红嘴鸥长途飞行到昆明过冬。选项G“Tourist sites along Dianchi Lake are great places for observing wintering birds.(滇池沿岸的旅游景点是观察越冬鸟类的好去处。)”自然延续上文，指出这里是观鸟的好去处。故选G。 5. 根据空前内容“In a word, Kunming, as the Spring City, has a comfortable climate in all seasons, making it a dream place to visit.(总之，昆明作为 “春城”，四季气候宜人，是一个令人梦寐以求的旅游胜地。)”可知，前文总结了昆明四季气候舒适，是理想的旅游之地。选项F“So visitors enjoy its natural beauty, great food, and rich species all year round.(所以游客全年都能欣赏它的自然美景、品尝美食以及观赏丰富的物种。)”对前文提到的昆明各方面优势进行了概括总结，说明游客能享受到的内容，符合文章逻辑。故选F。 三、完形填空 Venice has long suffered under the pressure of overtourism, leading to endangered heritage sites. Nowadays, it is launching a(n) 1 campaign to inform visitors of a pilot program announced last year. Day-trippers to the canal city of Venice who fail to pay 5 euros to 2 the city’s historic center will face 3 starting at 10 times the entrance fee. Officials have avoided calling it a tax, opting for 4 words like contribution, since it also aims to come up with more money to help better 5 the phenomenon. Visitors arriving at the main train and bus stations will first be met by stewards(乘务员) who will remind them of the new requirement and 6 anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code (二维码) . Payment places will be 7 for anyone without a smartphone. Anyone 8 beyond designated(指定的) control places without the required documentation will be 9 to fines. These will 10 from 50 to 300 euros, plus the maximum entrance fee allowed by law, set at 10 euros. An exemption voucher(免除凭证) will be 11 to people who access the city for work, school or medical care, as well as to people born in Venice and 12 of the region. Mayor Luigi Brugnaro hopes the program can reduce crowds on 13 days, encourage longer visits and improve the quality of life for residents. The advertising video, 14 Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence, has become a 15 . 1. A. advertising B. recycling C. welcoming D. marketing 2. A. decorate B. enter C. evaluate D. promote 3. A. compensations B. rewards C. pays D. fines 4. A. harder B. softer C. plainer D. smarter 5. A. acknowledge B. interpret C. highlight D. manage 6. A. trace B. monitor C. help D. identify 7. A. torn down B. moved away C. set up D. taken over 8. A. found B. left C. thought D. sent 9. A. subject B. forced C. ready D. applied 10. A. distinguish B. arise C. range D. suffer 11. A. made B. issued C. printed D. collected 12. A. students B. workers C. stewards D. residents 13. A. clear B. peak C. gloomy D. ordinary 14. A. featuring B. catching C. anticipating D. opposing 15. A. strike B. kick C. hit D. beat 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲述了威尼斯长期受过度旅游影响，遗产地濒危，为此发起一场市场营销活动，介绍去年公布的试点项目。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，它正在发起一场广告宣传活动，向游客介绍去年宣布的一项试点项目。A. advertising广告，宣传；B. recycling回收利用；C. welcoming欢迎；D. marketing市场营销。根据后文“to inform visitors of a pilot program”可知，这是发起广告宣传活动告知游客相关项目。故选A项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前往水上城市威尼斯的一日游游客，如果未能支付 5 欧元进入该市的历史中心，将面临至少10倍于入场费的罚款。A. decorate装饰；B. enter进入；C. evaluate评估；D. promote促进。根据后文“the city’s historic center”以及“the entrance fee”可知，这里指进入历史中心需要付费。故选B项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参考上一题解析。A. compensations补偿；B. rewards奖励；C. pays工资；D. fines罚款。根据后文“starting at 10 times the entrance fee”以及“fines”多次出现可知，这里说的是未付费进入会面临罚款。故选D项。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：官员们避免称其为税收，而是选择了“贡献”等更温和的措辞，因为它的目的还在于筹集更多资金，以帮助更好地应对这一现象。A. harder更难的，更严厉的；B. softer更柔和的，更温和的；C. plainer更清楚的；D. smarter更聪明的。根据前文 “avoided calling it a tax”可知，这里指选用更温和的说法来描述这种收费。故选B项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：参考上一题解析。A. acknowledge承认；B. interpret解释；C. highlight强调；D. manage管理，应对。根据前文“come up with more money to help better”以及语境可知，这里指是筹集资金来更好地应对游客过多这一现象。故选D项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达主要火车站和汽车站的游客首先会遇到乘务员，他们会提醒游客新的要求，并帮助任何尚未下载二维码的人。A. trace追踪；B. monitor监控；C. help帮助；D. identify识别。根据前文“remind them of the new requirement”以及“anyone who hasn’t yet downloaded the QR code” 可知，乘务员会提醒要求并帮助那些没下载二维码的人。故选C项。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于没有智能手机的人，将设立支付点。A. torn down拆除；B. moved away搬走；C. set up设立；D. taken over接管。根据前文“Payment places”以及后文“for anyone without a smartphone”可知，这里指为没智能手机的人设立支付点。故选C项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何在没有所需文件的情况下被发现在指定管控区域之外的人都将被处以罚款。A. found发现；B. left离开；C. thought认为；D. sent发送。根据前文“beyond designated (指定的) control places without the required documentation”可知，被发现在指定管控区域之外的人会被罚款。故选A项。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参考上一题解析。A. subject服从的；B. forced被迫的；C. ready准备好的；D. applied应用的。根据后文“to fines”以及语境可知，这里指不遵守规则的人将受到惩罚，即罚款，而be subject to 表示 “受到……”，符合语境。故选A项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罚款金额从50欧元到300欧元不等，外加法律允许的最高入场费10欧元。A. distinguish区分；B. arise出现；C. range(在一定范围内)变化，变动；D. suffer遭受。根据后文“from 50 to 300 euros”可知，这里指罚款金额从50欧元到300欧元不等，range from...to... 表示“从…… 到…… 变化”，符合语境。故选C项。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得豁免凭证将发放给因工作、上学或就医进入该市的人，以及出生在威尼斯及该地区的居民。A. made制作；B. issued发行，发放；C. printed印刷；D. collected收集。根据前文“An exemption voucher (免除凭证)”可知。这里指发放豁免凭证给一些特定人群。故选B项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参考上一题解析。A. students学生；B. workers工人；C. stewards乘务员；D. residents居民。根据前文 “born in Venice and”可知，这里指出生在威尼斯及该地区的居民，与前文“for people who access the city for work, school or medical care”为并列关系。故选D项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：市长路易吉・布鲁尼亚罗希望该项目能在高峰日减少人群，鼓励游客延长逗留时间，并提高居民的生活质量。A. clear清晰的；B. peak高峰的；C. gloomy阴暗的；D. ordinary普通的。根据前文“reduce crowds”可知。这里指在游客高峰日减少人群。故选B项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段广告视频以布鲁尼亚罗借助人工智能说着多种语言为特色，已经大受欢迎。A. featuring以…… 为特色；B. catching抓住；C. anticipating预期；D. opposing反对。根据后文“Brugnaro speaking a variety of languages aided by artificial intelligence”可知，这里指该广告视频以以上相关内容为特色。15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参考上一题解析。A. strike罢工；B. kick踢；C. hit很受欢迎的人(或事物)；D. beat节拍。根据前文“has become”以及语境可知，这里指该视频变得很受欢迎，成为热门。故选C项。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dutch architectural firm MVRDV has won a competition to build what will become one of China’s largest libraries. The 1 (innovate) design for the new Wuhan Library combines traditional and non-traditional spaces all housed under a roof inspired by the city’s rivers. Described by the firm 2 a “canyon (峡谷) of books”, the complex covers about 1.5 million square feet. Inside visitors can see a canyon-like terrace (露台) with stepped bookshelves (书架), 3 builds up from the large ground-floor public space visitors can use throughout the day. The spaces on the terrace provide areas for reading, working, and engaging in library programs. The higher up you go, the 4 (quiet) the spaces will be. The library will be surrounded by a park, with the hot climate being taken into consideration when planting. Special shutters on 5 front of the complex are laid in a bookshelf pattern 6 (block) sunlight and reduce energy consumption. The use of smart devices and an efficient lighting system 7 (effective) reduces the building’s energy demands, while solar collectors 8 (build) into the library’s flowing roof provide the building with renewable energy. This is MVRDV’s second design library in China after 9 (present) the Tianjin Binhai Library in 2017. While the Wuhan Library is more than three times the size, both projects have a common goal to provide a community social space to improve the lives of 10 (resident). 【答案】 1. innovative 2. as 3. which 4. quieter 5. the 6. to block 7. effectively 8. built 9. presenting 10. residents 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了荷兰建筑公司MVRDV中标武汉图书馆新馆建筑设计竞赛，这座图书馆将成为中国最大的图书馆之一。 1. 考查形容词。句意：新武汉图书馆的创新设计将传统与非传统空间融为一体，所有这些空间都坐落在一个受该市河流启发的屋顶之下。修饰名词design，需用形容词innovative，作定语。故填innovative。 2. 考查介词。句意：设计公司将其形容为“书籍的峡谷”，该建筑群占地面积约150万平方英尺。describe...as...为固定搭配，表示“将……描述成……”。故填as。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：走进图书馆，游客们可以看到一个类似峡谷的露台，露台上设有阶梯式书架，这个设计从一楼宽敞的公共空间向上延伸，供游客全天候使用。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a canyon­like terrace，指物，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4. 考查形容词比较级。句意：你走得越高，空间就越安静。“the+形容词的比较级……，the+形容词的比较级……”为固定用法，表示“越……，就越……”。故填quieter。 5. 考查冠词。句意：建筑群前部的特殊百叶窗以书架的样式排列，用以遮挡阳光并减少能源消耗。on the front of意为“在……的前面”。故填the。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to block。 7. 考查副词。句意：智能设备和高效照明系统的使用有效降低了建筑的能源需求，而图书馆流线型屋顶上内置的太阳能集热器则为建筑提供了可再生能源。修饰动词reduces，需用副词effectively，作状语。故填effectively。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处作后置定语，修饰solar collectors，且build与solar collector之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，故填built。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是MVRDV继2017年呈现天津滨海图书馆之后的第二个在中国设计的图书馆。介词after后面需用动名词presenting，作宾语。故填presenting。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：虽然武汉图书馆的规模是天津滨海图书馆的三倍多，但两个项目都有一个共同的目标，即为社区提供一个社交空间，以改善居民的生活。resident为可数名词，意为“居民”，此处表示泛指，且其前无冠词修饰，应用其复数形式，故填residents。 五、写作 应用文写作 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Alex打算在春节期间到中国旅行，请你为他做一个旅行计划，内容包括： 1. 推荐路线及理由； 2. 春节特色活动。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Alex, I’m delighted that you plan to travel in China during the Spring Festival. I recommend you start your journey from Beijing. The reason is that Beijing, as the capital city, has a profound history and culture. You can visit world-famous attractions, such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. Then you can go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army, a wonder of the world. During the Spring Festival, you can participate in many characteristic activities. For example, you can watch the magnificent lion and dragon dances, which are traditional performances. You can also set off fireworks and taste various traditional Chinese delicacies. I’m sure you’ll have a wonderful trip. Yours, Li Hua 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，为英国朋友Alex做一个春节期间在中国旅行的计划，需为他推荐具体的旅行路线，并解释其理由，同时向他介绍春节期间可以参与的特色活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参与：participate in → take part in 独特的：characteristic → distinctive 例如：for example → for instance 精彩的：magnificent → wonderful 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：You can visit world-famous attractions, such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. 拓展句：You can visit the Great Wall and the Forbidden City, which are world-famous attractions. 【点睛】 [高分句型1]The reason is that Beijing, as the capital city, has a profound history and culture. (运用了that引导表语从句) [高分句型2]For example, you can watch the magnificent lion and dragon dances, which are traditional performances. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Dad and Mom have been crazy campers for years. Our neighbors said that they camped while dating, while taking a honeymoon, and even while pregnant. We three children had no chance to witness their past. What we do know is that we have had wonderful camping experiences since we could remember things. Some of our memories are funny, some are exciting, some are embarrassing. Every time when Dad pulls our camper(露营车) out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and adventure we will experience. Once, we camped along Chalk Creek. Mom was worried that my two-year-old brother Jimmy would fall into the creek. She tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So instead of tying him up, she just kept a close eye on him. It worked — Jimmy didn’t end up in the creek. My five-year-old sister, Jessica, however, did. Luckily far-sighted Mom packed with her enough clothes for three of us, so she could hold her tears in time and became energetic again after getting changed. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we set off, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly interrupted our peaceful morning trip. The wind picked up and thunder rolled. Dad stopped fishing to start the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No luck. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. Mom began to check our life jackets. She made sure every button was fastened properly. Dad took out a whistle from the bag and blew it, expecting to get some assistance from nearby people. Meanwhile he told us that both Mom and he were outstanding swimmers. If no rescue arrived, they would manage to push the boat toward the lakeside. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We had no chance to cheer for their swimming skills that day since a fisherman in a boat showed up soon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The minute all of us were safe home, Jessica asked when we would go camping next time. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1 We had no chance to cheer for their swimming skills that day since a fisherman in a boat showed up soon. We waved to him eagerly for help. The fisherman threw us a rope and towed us back to the shore. We thanked him gratefully. Subsequently, the four of us hurried to our camper to take shelter from the rain, while Dad dashed to the boat rental place. He had to tell the whole story to the staff members and handed the boat over to them for handling. As the rain was getting heavier and heavier and we were all wet, this time we had to cut back the trip and head back home. The minute all of us were safe home, Jessica asked when we would go camping next time. At her question, we all started to laugh. The situation that had seemed so urgent just moments ago now felt like an exciting story to tell. Dad smiled and said, “Soon, my dear. We can’t let a little storm stop us.” Looking at each other, we all knew that this was true. These camping trips, with their mix of mishaps and magic, made our family so special. We might face more challenges in the future, but we would face them together, with laughter and love, ready for the next adventure on our camping journeys. Version 2 We had no chance to cheer for their swimming skills that day since a fisherman in a boat showed up soon. We shouted loudly to attract his attention. The kind fisherman quickly rowed over and extended a long branch. We grasped it tightly and he pulled us ashore. After expressing our heartfelt gratitude, we rushed back to our camper. Mom took out towels to dry us off as Dad went to deal with the boat rental issue. With the rain pouring down, we decided to end this trip too early and drive home. The minute all of us were safe home, Jessica asked when we would go camping next time. Hearing this, we burst into laughter. The previous danger now seemed like an interesting story. Dad grinned and replied, “Very soon. These little setbacks can’t weaken our enthusiasm.” We all nodded in agreement . Our camping trips, filled with thrills and accidents, had strengthened our family bond. No matter what difficulties lay ahead, we’d embrace them with joy and unity, looking forward to the next camping adventure. 【语篇解读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家热衷于露营，有许多有趣的露营经历。一次在Chalk Creek露营，妈妈先是用绳子拴住弟弟防止他掉进小溪，后改为密切关注。结果弟弟没事，姐姐却掉进了小溪，幸好妈妈准备了足够的衣物。还有一次在Vallecito Lake划船，遭遇暴风雨，船的发动机坏了，爸爸妈妈做好了游泳推船回岸的准备。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那天我们没机会为他们的游泳技巧喝彩，因为很快一艘小船上的渔夫出现了。”第一段可描写获救过程以及返程。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们所有人一安全到家，杰西卡就问我们下次什么时候去露营。”可知，第二段可描写家人们对杰西卡问题的响应，以及大家对露营的感悟与体会。 2.续写线索：遇到危险向渔夫求救并获救——回露营车避雨、还船——回家后谈下次露营——展现家庭对露营的热爱和期待 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①求助：wave for help/ ask for assistance ②冲：dash/ rush ③知道：know/ be aware 情绪类 ①感激地：gratefully/thankfully ②令人兴奋的：exciting/thrilling 【点睛】 [高分句型1]As the rain was getting heavier and heavier and we were all wet, this time we had to cut back the trip and head back home.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2]The situation that had seemed so urgent just moments ago now felt like an exciting story to tell.(运用了that引的导限制性定语从句) ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$