精品解析：北京市朝阳区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题

北京市朝阳区2024~2025学年度第一学期期末质量检测 高三英语试卷 2025. 1 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At 13 years old, I took a long trip to London alone. When I sat down on the coach, an elderly gray-haired man ___1___ and asked if he could sit beside me. “Of course! ” He looked ___2___ , so I avoided eye contact as he settled. “Hi, I’m Sara.” I awkwardly offered my right hand. “… George.” He paused before accepting it. Then, our chat took off. George had never left the country or rarely talked to strangers, while I, a third culture kid, grew up with friends from around the world. As we learned more about each other, we both seemed to ___3___ . Listening to George, I felt thankful for his ___4___ , age contrast not with standing. It’s often our experiences that ___5___ us, not age. Our conversation was interrupted by my growling stomach. I took out a sandwich and handed George another one. “Would you eat with me? ” At first, he refused in shock. But the determination on my face must have been very persuasive. After a moment’s hesitation, he accepted it. As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep. The sudden tap on my shoulder made me ___6___ in my seat. It was George, ready to get off the bus. As I extended my hand for a final handshake, he ___7___ it in both of his, looking directly at me, his eyes full of ___8___ . “Thank you for being so kind to me. Safe travels.” Looking outside, I realized that I had ___9___ shown generosity to this old man, who had probably never been offered food by a stranger. If I felt this good simply because I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day, I wonder how wonderful it would feel to show strangers kindness with ___10___ . 1. A. stepped B. wandered C. returned D. approached 2. A. excited B. nervous C. confused D. confident 3. A. relax B. focus C. worry D. hesitate 4. A. guidance B. wisdom C. honesty D. company 5. A. create B. shape C. discover D. control 6. A. shoot up B. sit back C. bend down D. stretch out 7. A. waved B. supported C. cupped D. balanced 8. A. hope B. gratitude C. pride D. curiosity 9. A. consistently B. purposely C. accidentally D. thoughtfully 10. A. intention B. sympathy C. inspiration D. expectation 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者13岁独自一人去伦敦做了一次长途旅行，路上遇到了一个老人，两人作伴，作者和老人分享了自己的食物。老人最后感激作者的善良。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在长途汽车上坐下时，一位头发花白的老人走过来，问是否可以坐在我旁边。A. stepped行走；B. wandered徘徊；C. returned返回；D. approached靠近。根据后文“and asked if he could sit beside me”可知，老人靠近询问能否作者坐在旁边。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当然！”他看起来很紧张，所以在他坐下的时候，我避开了目光接触。A. excited激动的；B. nervous紧张的；C. confused困惑的；D. confident自信的。根据后文“I avoided eye contact as he settled”以及“Charles had never left the country or rarely talked to strangers(查尔斯从来没有离开过这个国家，也很少和陌生人说话)”可知，老人很少和陌生人说话，而作者发觉了对方的紧张，避开了目光接触。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们对彼此了解的加深，我们似乎都放松了下来。A. relax放松；B. focus集中；C. worry担心；D. hesitate犹豫。根据上文“As we learned more about each other, we both seemed to”以及“I awkwardly offered my right hand.”可知，他们一开始不自在紧张，随着了解的加深放松了下来。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：听着乔治的话，我对他的陪伴心存感激，尽管年龄相差很大。A. guidance指导；B. wisdom智慧；C. honesty诚实；D. company陪伴。根据上文“asked if he could sit beside me”可知，老人在作者旁边坐下，陪伴了作者。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常是我们的经历塑造了我们，而不是年龄。A. create创造；B. shape塑造；C. discover发现；D. control控制。根据上文“It’s often our experiences that”作者想要强调塑造我们的是经历，而不是年龄。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然有人拍了拍我的肩膀，使我在座位上猛地坐了起来。A. shoot up迅速上升，迅速坐起；B. sit back袖手旁观；C. bend down弯腰；D. stretch out伸展。根据上文“As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep.(静下来后，我觉得自己睡着了)”以及“The sudden tap on my shoulder made me”可知，作者睡着了有人拍肩膀，于是在座位上猛地坐了起来。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我伸出手最后一次握手时，他双手捧起，直视着我，眼里充满了感激。A. waved挥动；B. supported支持；C. cupped捧起；D. balanced平衡。根据上文“As I extended my hand for a final handshake”以及后文“in both of his”指老人双手捧住了作者伸出的手，故选C。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我伸出手最后一次握手时，他双手捧起，直视着我，眼里充满了感激。A. hope希望；B. gratitude感激；C. pride骄傲；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“Thank you for being so kind to me.(谢谢你对我这么好)”可知，老人感激作者，故选B。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：向外看了看，我意识到我无意中对这位老人表现出了慷慨，他可能从来没有被陌生人提供过食物。A. consistently持续地；B. purposely故意地；C. accidentally意外地；D. thoughtfully体贴地。根据后文“I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day”以及上文可知，作者和老人是偶遇，所以是无意中表现出了慷慨。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我感觉这么好只是因为我无意中照亮了别人的一天，我想知道，有意识地向陌生人表达善意会有多么美妙。A. intention意图；B. sympathy同情；C. inspiration灵感；D. expectation期待。根据上文“If I felt this good simply because I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day, I wonder how wonderful it would feel to show strangers kindness with”可知，无意中的善举让作者照亮了别人的一天，所以作者好奇有意识地向陌生人表达善意会有多么美妙。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 During my summer vacation in the US, I once asked for a cup of hot water at a restaurant. The waiter’s ___11___ (confuse) look suggested my request seemed strange. In America, people love to drink ice-cold water. But in China, we prefer hot water. The waiter ___12___ (come) back with a glass of room temperature water. I politely asked again, “Can I please have some hot water?” The waiter finally understood and brought me a steaming cup of hot water. ___13___ (learn) something new about each other’s cultures, we both smiled. 【答案】11. confused 12. came 13. Learning 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在美国过暑假在餐厅里要热水的经历。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：服务员困惑的表情表明我的要求似乎有些奇怪。修饰look，且表示“感到困惑的”应用形容词confused。故填confused。 【12题详解】 考查时态。句意：服务员端来一杯常温的水。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填came。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：了解了彼此的文化，我们都笑了。此处learn与we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Learning。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Today, many people wonder ___14___ electric cars are better than gasoline cars. Some argue they are clean, not-polluting and cheaper, ___15___ gasoline cars are still very popular. They can drive long distances ___16___ needing to recharge, and they also refuel more quickly, taking only a few minutes at a gas station. Additionally, there are more gas stations than charging stations, making gasoline cars more convenient for long trips. 【答案】14. if##whether 15. but 16. without 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽油车优点。 【14题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：今天，许多人想知道电动车是否比汽油车好。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”可用if或whether。故填if/whether。 【15题详解】 考查连词。句意：有些人认为它们清洁、无污染、便宜，但汽油车仍然很受欢迎。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们可以行驶很长的距离而不需要充电，而且它们也可以更快地加油，在加油站只需要几分钟。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不”用介词without。故填without。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Shanxi is a huge museum of history and culture. Recently, the game Black Myth: Wukong ___17___ (gain) a lot of attention. To showcase the beauty of Chinese architecture, the game features over twenty scenes, ___18___ temples and towers are modeled after ancient Shanxi’s buildings. A video entitled Travel Shanxi with Wukong has been released to follow in the footsteps and take viewers on a virtual tour of every famous ___19___ (attractive). This close connection to the game world allows us ___20___ (use) digital platforms to introduce Shanxi’s high-quality cultural and tourism resources through interactive methods. 【答案】17. has gained 18. where 19. attraction 20. to use 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山西的许多景点因为游戏《黑神话：悟空》而获得关注。 【17题详解】 考查时态。句意：最近，游戏《黑神话：悟空》获得了很多关注。根据上文Recently可知为现在完成时，主语为the game，助动词用has。故填has gained。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了展示中国建筑之美，游戏中有20多个场景，其中的寺庙和塔楼都是仿照山西古代建筑设计的。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词scenes，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：近日，一段名为《跟着悟空游山西》的视频发布，跟随悟空的脚步，带领观众虚拟游遍了每一个著名景点。作宾语，应用名词attraction，且every后跟单数形式。故填attraction。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种与游戏世界的紧密联系，让我们可以利用数字平台，通过互动的方式，介绍山西优质的文化和旅游资源。短语allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to use。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Oxford College Farm, located on the edge of Oxford campus of Emory University, was created in 2014 after the donation of eleven acres (英亩) of land from an Emory graduate. Here, organic and fresh food is grown both for Emory’s campuses and the surrounding communities. Also, the farm provides students across disciplines with hands-on experience in sustainable agriculture. If you are looking for local and organically-grown food, delicious varieties harvested at the peak of ripeness or other exciting possibilities, come and join the Oxford College Farm Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) Program! Just take it as a subscription program that allows you to be a steward (管家) of the land while eating well! CSA Program Membership ·Tour the gardens on weekdays. ·Enjoy locally-grown, fresh, and seasonal produce. ·Receive newsletter featuring garden updates and recipe suggestions. ·Have priority for signing up for next year’s CSA. Sign-up Reminders ·Fill in your information, including your Emory NetID, first name, last name, preferred email, preferred phone, home address, city, state and zip code. ·Select your pickup location: Oxford Farmers Mkt, Atl Campus Kaldi’s, Atl Campus Math/ Sci, Emory University Hospital. ·Choose your pickup season (s). Please note that prices vary from season to season. To receive a 10% discount, you can participate in all seasons. ·Use a delivery service if you need. It is free for all orders over $30, otherwise fees vary anywhere from $2 to $5 depending on distance. If you are unable to join the CSA because of financial need, please email us at oxfarm@ emory. edu to discuss. Membership to the CSA is limited, so sign up as soon as possible! Don’t miss out on this opportunity to support sustainable agriculture and enjoy fresh, locally-grown food! 21. The Oxford College Farm _________. A. is managed by Emory graduates B. is tailored for agriculture majors C. allows students to experience in person D. makes donations to nearby communities 22. The CSA members can _________. A. get latest news about the gardens B. enjoy free delivery service C. take part in farm tours on weekends D. get discounts for membership renewal 23. If you want to sign up for the CSA program, you need to _________. A. send an email in advance B. fill in your financial conditions C. choose your preferred pickup spot D. guarantee to participate in all seasons 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学农场的项目以及参加要求。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Also, the farm provides students across disciplines with hands-on experience in sustainable agriculture.(此外，农场为跨学科的学生提供可持续农业的实践经验)”可知，牛津大学农场允许学生亲自体验。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据CSA Program Membership部分中“·Receive newsletter featuring garden updates and recipe suggestions.(·接收以花园更新和食谱建议为特色的讯息)”可知，CSA成员可以得到关于花园的最新消息。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sign-up Reminders部分中“·Select your pickup location: Oxford Farmers Mkt, Atl Campus Kaldi’s, Atl Campus Math/ Sci, Emory University Hospital.(·选择您的接送地点：牛津农民市场，Atl Campus Kaldi’s，Atl校园数学/科学，埃默里大学医院)”可知，如果你想报名参加CSA项目，你需要选择你喜欢的接送点。故选C。 B Nici Mense, the New York Jets’ first full-time dietitian, faces the demanding task of managing the daily nutritional needs of professional athletes. Recently, she has successfully completed her seventh season with the team. Properly fueling players so that they feel the difference in their performance is something she learned while playing soccer at university. “I found soccer to be more demanding on my body than I had expected, and I needed to maintain my energy through proper nutrition to match my performance on the field, ” she said. “This realization changed my perspective. I’ve always loved sports and food, so combining the two made the most sense. ” Mense joined the New York Jets and has stayed in tune with the team’s schedule. “My hours vary from time to time, ” she said. “It’s the busiest during training camp through the end of the season. We will work seven days a week unless it’s our bye week, when we don’t play a game during the season. We ensure players fuel properly before, during and after practice. They receive recovery shakes, snacks and fruit for post-practice recovery. While they are in training throughout the day, that’s my time to plan for the weeks ahead. ” Occasionally, athletes need a warm-up period when working with a dietitian. “It can be quite challenging to prove that dietitians are here to help them and that we are not the food police, ” said Mense. “There are times when a player doesn’t listen to the education and injures themselves. But it’s always so awesome to see when it works for them. ” Nevertheless, Mense feels fulfilled in her role and continues to push the athletes, knowing that nutrition is key to fueling performance, recovery and long-term health. Mense describes herself as “obsessed” with her field, constantly evolving and gaining knowledge. “If I am the same dietitian three years from now, then I am doing something wrong, ” she declared. “The more open-minded I am, and the more I am able to learn as a professional, the better I can help athletes with their goals. ” By staying at the forefront of her field, Mense provides athletes with essential nutrition strategies to support their performance, recovery, and long-term health. With her dedication and expertise, it’s clear that professional athletes are truly eating their way to victory. 24. What motivated Nici Mense to choose her career? A. Her urge to make life changes. B. Her experience of playing soccer. C. Her admiration for athletes’ spirits. D. Her dream of being a professional athlete. 25. What can we learn about Nici Mense? A. She keeps her professional knowledge updated. B. Her priority is to provide post-game recovery meals. C. She works seven days a week during the season period. D. Her working hours are fixed throughout the entire season. 26. Nici Mense sometimes finds it hard to work with athletes because they _________. A. put their personal interests first B. complain about their unhealthy diet C. disagree about their training schedule D. doubt the role of a dietitian in their team 27. Which words can best describe Nici Mense? A. Determined and generous. B. Humble and innovative. C. Talkative and open-minded. D. Enthusiastic and committed. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了纽约喷气机队营养师尼西・门斯，包括其职业选择缘由、工作内容及自身专业态度等。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Properly fueling players so that they feel the difference in their performance is something she learned while playing soccer at university. ‘I found soccer to be more demanding on my body than I had expected, and I needed to maintain my energy through proper nutrition to match my performance on the field,’ she said. ‘This realization changed my perspective. I’ve always loved sports and food, so combining the two made the most sense.’(给运动员合理补充能量，让他们感受到自身表现差异，这是她在大学踢足球时学到的。她说：‘我发现足球对我身体的要求比我预期的要高，我需要通过合理的营养来保持能量，以匹配我在球场上的表现。这种认识改变了我的看法。我一直热爱体育和美食，所以将两者结合起来是最合理的。’)”可知，是她大学踢足球时的经历让她意识到营养对运动表现的重要性，从而促使她选择了现在的职业。故选B项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Mense describes herself as ‘obsessed’ with her field, constantly evolving and gaining knowledge. ‘If I am the same dietitian three years from now, then I am doing something wrong, ’ she declared. ‘The more open-minded I am, and the more I am able to learn as a professional, the better I can help athletes with their goals. ’(门斯称自己对自己的领域‘着迷’，不断发展并获取知识。她宣称：‘如果三年后我还是同一个营养师，那我就做错了。我越开明，作为一名专业人士我能学到的越多，我就能越好地帮助运动员实现他们的目标。’)”可知，门斯不断更新自己的专业知识。故选A项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Occasionally, athletes need a warm-up period when working with a dietitian. ‘It can be quite challenging to prove that dietitians are here to help them and that we are not the food police,’ said Mense.(偶尔，运动员在与营养师合作时需要一个磨合阶段。门斯说：‘要证明营养师是来帮助他们的，而我们不是‘食物警察’，这可能相当具有挑战性。’)”可知，有时运动员会怀疑营养师在团队中的作用，觉得营养师像“食物警察”一样限制他们。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。从文中门斯在纽约喷气机队多年，用心满足运动员营养需求，称自己对领域“着迷”，不断更新知识等内容，比如倒数第二段“Mense describes herself as ‘obsessed’ with her field, constantly evolving and gaining knowledge.(Mense 称自己对自己的领域‘着迷’，不断发展并获取知识)”以及最后一段的“ With her dedication and expertise, it’s clear that professional athletes are truly eating their way to victory.(凭借她的奉献精神和专业知识，很明显，职业运动员真的是靠吃来取得胜利的。)”她始终致力于通过营养助力运动员表现、恢复和健康等方面，能看出她对工作充满热情且尽心尽力，可用Enthusiastic and committed来形容她。故选D项。 C According to an idea called the “inflationary (暴胀的) multiverse”, the universe has been constantly expanding, which would have created a countless number of other universes. Collectively, these cosmic islands form what scientists call a “multiverse”. However, other universes may lie beyond our scientific reach, physically and philosophically. Consequently, the methodologies by which physicists might validate (验证) the multiverse and whether such validation is even possible remain unresolved inquiries. In science, hypotheses (假说) are used to propose explanations, but from hypotheses to theories, validation of predictions is essential to see whether initial assumptions are supported or disproved. Theoretical physicist Carlo Rovelli says, “It is hard to write theories that survive the proof of reality. Few survive thanks to a basic idea: Do not trust your fancies. Keep only the ideas that can be tested.” Rovelli adds, “Today many physicists are wasting time trying to guess and jumping to conclusions. This approach has never worked previously, and it is not working now.” The multiverse might be one of those wild guesses. Now, physicists are debating whether that problem moves the multiverse from physics to metaphysics, from the world of science to that of philosophy. Philosopher Richard Dawid believes scientists could support the multiverse hypotheses without actually finding physical support. “If we have a theory that seems to work, and have come up with nothing that works better, chances are our idea is right,” he says. Not everyone is so cheerful, though. Sabine Hossenfelder, another theoretical physicist, thinks “Without making contact with observation, a theory isn’t part of the natural sciences, and not physics.” Some supporters of the multiverse claim they have found physical evidence. Andrei Linde insists “Our universe seems fine-tuned (精调的) to be favourable to life, with a four-dimensional space in which we can live. It is certain that in an eternally inflating multiverse, one of the universes should turn out like ours. Each universe can have different physical laws and fundamentals. Given limitless changes, a universe on which humans can be born will be born. The multiverse actually explains why we’re here. And our existence, therefore, helps explain why the multiverse is plausible.” Just as Einstein’s theory of general relativity could only be confirmed recently with a billion-dollar instrument called LIGO, scientists may eventually discover more direct evidence of the multiverse. So far, all of science has relied on testability, but those tests take time, and most theoreticians want to wait it out. They are not ready to shelve an idea like the multiverse — which could actually be the answer to life, the universe and everything — until and unless they can prove to themselves it doesn’t exist. And that day may never come. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. The multiverse is recognized as a theory. B. The multiverse starts debates on human existence. C. Rovelli criticizes physicists for their baseless fancies. D. Dawid emphasizes the necessity of physical evidence. 29. What does the underlined word “plausible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Credible. B. Complex. C. Essential. D. Fascinating. 30. As for the existence of multiverse, the author is _________. A. negative B. neutral C. certain D. positive 31. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Mysteries of Multiverse: Fine-Tuned for Life B. Can Physicists Ever Prove the Multiverse Is Real? C. The Inflationary Multiverse: Proven Beyond Doubt D. Have Physicists Lost Their Minds in the Multiverse? 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是多元宇宙，以及物理学家对于这一概念的不同看法和论证。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Theoretical physicist Carlo Rovelli says, “It is hard to write theories that survive the proof of reality. Few survive thanks to a basic idea: Do not trust your fancies. Keep only the ideas that can be tested.” Rovelli adds, “Today many physicists are wasting time trying to guess and jumping to conclusions. This approach has never worked previously, and it is not working now.” The multiverse might be one of those wild guesses.(理论物理学家Carlo Rovelli说：“很难写出经得起现实证明的理论。很少有理论能幸存下来，这要归功于一个基本的理念：不要相信你的幻想。只保留那些可以被测试的想法。”Rovelli补充道：“今天，许多物理学家都在浪费时间去猜测和草率下结论。这种方法以前从未奏效，现在也行不通。”多元宇宙可能是这些大胆的猜测之一)”可知，罗维利批评物理学家毫无根据的幻想（包括多元宇宙），认为真正的理论需要现实上经得起被测试。故选C。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It is certain that in an eternally inflating multiverse, one of the universes should turn out like ours. Each universe can have different physical laws and fundamentals. Given limitless changes, a universe on which humans can be born will be born. The multiverse actually explains why we’re here.(可以肯定的是，在一个永远膨胀的多元宇宙中，其中一个宇宙应该和我们的宇宙一样。每个宇宙都有不同的物理定律和基本原理。鉴于无限的变化，一个人类可以诞生的宇宙将会诞生。多元宇宙实际上解释了我们为什么在这里)”以及“And our existence, therefore, helps explain why the multiverse is(因此，我们的存在有助于解释为什么多元宇宙……)”可知，上文therefore表示因果关系，说明多元宇宙实际上解释了我们为什么在这里，而我们的存在有助于解释多元宇宙的概念是可信的。故划线词意思是“可信的”。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as Einstein’s theory of general relativity could only be confirmed recently with a billion-dollar instrument called LIGO, scientists may eventually discover more direct evidence of the multiverse.(正如爱因斯坦的广义相对论直到最近才被价值数十亿美元的LIGO仪器证实一样，科学家们最终可能会发现多元宇宙的更直接证据)”和“They are not ready to shelve an idea like the multiverse — which could actually be the answer to life, the universe and everything — until and unless they can prove to themselves it doesn’t exist. And that day may never come.(他们还没有准备好搁置像多元宇宙这样的想法——它实际上可能是生命、宇宙和一切的答案——除非他们能证明它不存在。这一天可能永远不会到来)”可知，对于多元宇宙的存在，作者是肯定的态度。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“According to an idea called the “inflationary (暴胀的) multiverse”, the universe has been constantly expanding, which would have created a countless number of other universes. Collectively, these cosmic islands form what scientists call a “multiverse”. However, other universes may lie beyond our scientific reach, physically and philosophically. Consequently, the methodologies by which physicists might validate (验证) the multiverse and whether such validation is even possible remain unresolved inquiries.(根据一种被称为“暴胀多元宇宙”的观点，宇宙一直在不断膨胀，这将创造出无数的其他宇宙。总的来说，这些宇宙岛屿形成了科学家所谓的“多元宇宙”。然而，其他宇宙可能在物理和哲学上都超出了我们的科学范围。因此，物理学家可能用来验证多重宇宙的方法，以及这种验证是否可能，仍然是未解决的问题)”结合文章主要解释了什么是多元宇宙，以及物理学家对于这一概念的不同看法和论证。可知，B选项“物理学家能证明多元宇宙是真实的吗？”最符合文章标题。故选B。 D Pure mathematics fascinates me, precisely because it is so inaccessible. I envision it as a remote, chilly, dangerous place, like Antarctica’s Sentinel Range. The hard y souls who surmount its peaks seem superhuman. Perhaps because I romanticize mathematicians, I’m troubled by the thought that machines might replace them. I stated this possibility in The Death of Proof, published in the October 1993 Scientific American. In response to the growing complexity of mathematics, I reported, mathematicians were becoming increasingly reliant on computers. I asked, “Will the great mathematicians of the next century be made of silicon (硅)?” Mathematicians are still annoyed about that article, even as the trends I described have continued. Anthony Bordg at Cambridge University worries that his field could face a “replication crisis” (复制危机) like that troubling scientific research. Mathematicians, Bordg notes, sometimes accept a proof not because they have checked it, step by step, but because they trust the proof’s methods and author. Given the “increasing difficulty in checking the correctness of mathematical arguments”, old-fashioned peer review may no longer be sufficient. Outstanding mathematicians have published “proofs” so novel and elaborate that even specialists in the relevant mathematics can’t validate them. Bordg suggests computerized “proof assistants ” will help confirm proofs. Researchers have already invented an “interactive theorem prover (交互式定理证明程序)” that can check proofs and even propose improvements. Some mathematicians welcome the digitization of mathematics for accuracy. Others are conflicted. Michael Harris sees mathematics as “a free, creative activity” pursued for its own sake, for the pure joy of discovery and insight. He worries such tools will encourage a “limited vision” of mathematics as an economic product rather than “a way of being human”. After all, many funders of mathematical research, including technology giants, value mathematics primarily for its applications. We value science for applications, too. Sentimental science writing, including mine, implies that science’s purpose is insight into nature. In the modern era, however, science’s primary goal is power. Science helps us control nature for various ends: to enrich and entertain, to boost economy, and to defeat enemies. Modern physics, to most of us, is incomprehensible, but who cares when physics gives us smartphones and hydrogen bombs? Physicists often adopt a utilitarian (实用主义的) mindset, exemplified by the slogan “Shut up and calculate!” That is what professors supposedly tell students stuck in quantum mechanics. Stephen Hawking and Martin Rees have predicted artificial intelligence will play an increasing role in physics. Wouldn’t it be funny if a quantum AI finds the long-sought unified theory of physics, but not even brilliant theorist Edward Witten understands it? Given the powerful forces behind automatization, if machines can replace mathematicians, they probably will, just as they are replacing drivers, bank tellers, travel agents, cashiers and other workers. Mathematicians’ wishes, such as their desire to pursue truth purely for its own sake, might be unlikely. The charm of math can hardly be preserved in face of the powerful forces behind automatization. 32. “Replication crisis” is mentioned to _________. A. reduce a particular concern B. justify the use of digital assistants C. question the role of authority in math D. highlight the potential threat of machines 33. Advocates of utilitarianism in science would probably agree that _________. A. insight into nature is a priority B. automatization is a major trend C. quantum AI remains a fantasy D. power is an approach to digitization 34. What can be learned from this passage? A. Utilitarian mindset pushes physics forward. B. Quantum mechanics unifies theories of physics. C. The humanity of mathematics is hard to maintain. D. Leading mathematicians’ proofs are beyond understanding. 【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了数学家们越来越依赖计算机，研究领域可能会出现危机，对此不同的人表达了各自不同的看法。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Anthony Bordg at Cambridge University worries that his field could face a “replication crisis” (复制危机) like that troubling scientific research. Mathematicians, Bordg notes, sometimes accept a proof not because they have checked it, step by step, but because they trust the proof’s methods and author. Given the “increasing difficulty in checking the correctness of mathematical arguments”, old-fashioned peer review may no longer be sufficient. Outstanding mathematicians have published “proofs” so novel and elaborate that even specialists in the relevant mathematics can’t validate them. Bordg suggests computerized “proof assistants ” will help confirm proofs. Researchers have already invented an “interactive theorem prover (交互式定理证明程序)” that can check proofs and even propose improvements.(剑桥大学的Anthony Bordg担心，他的研究领域可能会面临像困扰科学研究那样的“复制危机”。博格指出，数学家有时接受一个证明，并不是因为他们已经一步一步地检验了它，而是因为他们信任这个证明的方法和作者。考虑到“检验数学论证正确性的难度越来越大”，老式的同行评议可能不再足够。杰出的数学家发表的“证明”是如此新颖和详尽，以至于连相关数学领域的专家都无法证实它们。Bordg建议计算机化的“证明助手”将帮助确认证据。研究人员已经发明了一种“交互式定理证明程序”，可以检查证明，甚至提出改进建议)”可知，提到“复制危机”是为了证明使用数字助理的合理性。故选B。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Physicists often adopt a utilitarian (实用主义的) mindset, exemplified by the slogan “Shut up and calculate!” That is what professors supposedly tell students stuck in quantum mechanics. Stephen Hawking and Martin Rees have predicted artificial intelligence will play an increasing role in physics. (物理学家常常抱着实用主义的心态，他们的口号就是“闭嘴，计算！”这应该是教授们对被量子力学困住的学生们说的话。斯蒂芬·霍金和马丁·里斯预测，人工智能将在物理学中发挥越来越大的作用)”可知，像斯蒂芬·霍金和马丁·里斯的科学实用主义的倡导者预测人工智能将在物理学中发挥越来越大的作用，他们可能会同意自动化是一个主要趋势。故选B。 34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the powerful forces behind automatization, if machines can replace mathematicians, they probably will, just as they are replacing drivers, bank tellers, travel agents, cashiers and other workers. Mathematicians’ wishes, such as their desire to pursue truth purely for its own sake, might be unlikely. The charm of math can hardly be preserved in face of the powerful forces behind automatization.(考虑到自动化背后的强大力量，如果机器能够取代数学家，它们很可能会取代数学家，就像它们正在取代司机、银行柜员、旅行社、收银员和其他工人一样。数学家们的愿望，比如纯粹为了追求真理而追求真理的愿望，可能不太可能实现。面对自动化背后的强大力量，数学的魅力很难保持)”可知，机器可能会取代数学家，数学家们纯粹为了追求真理而追求真理的愿望可能不太可能实现，数学的人性化很难维持。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as “I’m a lovable person”. ___35___ However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found “toxic positivity” — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage. ___36___ Beginning in the industrial revolution, socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn’t consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health. It isn’t surprising that we want to believe things will turn out better if we have positive attitude. After all, there is a growing body of research indicating that an optimistic outlook on life does have benefits, such as promoting physical health, boosting energy, and reducing stress. It also isn’t surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant. ___37___ Nevertheless, it is becoming apparent that positivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with more than 217, 000 participants investigated the link between optimism, pessimism and mortality. It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with the lower risk of death, however, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. ___38___ How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions. ___39___ The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. A. We need to accept them as a normal part of human experience. B. Our tendency to avoid the darker aspects of human experience isn’t new. C. When we experience them, we can become consumed, disturbed or inactive. D. Neglecting negative emotions is also found to be harmful to our mental health. E. They urge us to inject a bit of positive emotion into our day to gain the benefits. F. Positive chants like this are set to boost a person’s mood and feelings of self-worth. G. We are more likely to perceive normal emotions as mental problems needing treatment. 【答案】35. F 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了消极情绪给人带来的影响以及应该如何应对消极情绪。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as “I’m a lovable person”.(你是否在与自卑作斗争？如果是这样，你可能被告知要重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语)”以及后文“However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found “toxic positivity” — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage.(然而，当心理学家测试这种积极的自言自语的效果时，他们发现了“有毒的积极”——一种强迫乐观地解释我们的经历，同时压抑消极情绪的现象，会造成真正的伤害)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，推测本句主要解释上文“重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语”这类语言的作用，F选项中Positive chants like this对应上文repeat phrases。故F选项“像这样的积极的重复话语是用来提升一个人的情绪和自我价值感的”符合语境，故选F。 【36题详解】 根据本段内容“Beginning in the industrial revolution, socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn’t consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health.(从工业革命开始，围绕生产力和效率社会经济目标促成了一种文化，在这种文化中，情绪，尤其是像悲伤这样的麻痹性情绪，被视为经济产出的手闸。如果有人正在挣扎，他们会被建议要有更多的信心，而不是被鼓励去探索根本原因。科学也要承担一些责任。从历史上看，心理学家并不认为情绪是一种合理的研究现象，因此人们对情绪对心理健康的重大影响知之甚少)”可知，本段主要介绍了人类回避消极情绪的历史起源，故B选项“我们回避人类经历阴暗面的倾向并不新鲜”符合语境，故选B。 【37题详解】 根据上文“It also isn’t surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant.(我们把某些情绪，如愤怒、内疚、恐惧和痛苦，贴上不好的标签，因为它们确实让人感到不愉快，这也不足为奇)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，上文提到了一些消极的情绪，推测本句承接上文，说明这些情绪所带来的影响，C选项中them对应上文certain emotions。故C选项“当我们经历它们的时候，我们会变得疲惫、不安或不活跃”符合语境，故选C。 【38题详解】 根据上文“It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with the lower risk of death, however, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. (研究发现，乐观的前景确实与较低的死亡风险有关，然而，不切实际的乐观和悲观都与较高的死亡风险有关)”可知，本句是对上文研究发现的补充说明，说明关于负面情绪的发现，D选项中also found对应上文found。故D选项“忽视负面情绪也被发现对我们的心理健康有害”符合语境，故选D。 【39题详解】 根据上文“How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions.(我们怎样才能摆脱有害积极情绪呢？哈佛医学院的苏珊·戴维斯强调了让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性)”以及后文“The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. (管理情绪的关键不在于判断自己是否有负面情绪，而在于体验它们，知道它们会过去)”可知，上文提到让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性，后文提到了管理方法，可知需要先接受不舒服的情绪，然后进行情绪管理。故A选项“我们需要接受它们是人类经历的正常组成部分”符合语境，故选A。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 My path was long to recognizing my vocation (职业) , much longer than it had to be. My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. No matter how much I loved to read and write, it never occurred to me to major in anything else. I had been curious about biology and psychology in high school, so when I knew Columbia offered a joint major in the two fields, I chose it on the spot. The feeling, other than excitement, was one of relief. I couldn’t bear the uncertainty that college represented. Instead of opening options up, I needed to shut them down. I had locked up three-quarters of my courses for the next four years, and I hadn’t even gone to a single class. There was no one there to stop me. I would mope (消沉) in the back of those lectures, reading a novel behind my notebook, unaware of the fact that I was trying to tell myself something. I don’t know exactly when things went wrong with my chosen course of study. By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. I ended up working in a tiny nonprofit that meant nothing to me, with no idea where I should go next. And then I happened to be visiting a friend in architecture school. She wasn’t happy, either; her program was way too pretentious and theoretical. We were walking along and she said, “I have to get out of graduate school. ” And I immediately thought “I have to go to graduate school. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance to study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s not too late - I’m not going to let it be too late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm. It wasn’t easy getting in at that point. But for the first time in a long while, I performed at the top of my ability. I’d study for eighty hours a week and I had never been happier. 40. What family factor (s) influenced the author’s choice of major? ___________________________________________________ 41. What did the author realize at college? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. ___________________________________________________ 43. What have you learned from the author’s experience of choosing a major in college? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】40. The professions of the author’s parents. 41. The author realized that he should have been an English major. 42. The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. The author was determined to get into graduate school because he wanted to give himself the chance to study English literature. 43. From the author's experience, I learned that choosing a major should be based on one's true interests and passions rather than external expectations or family influence. Following one's heart leads to true happiness and fulfillment. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在选择职业道路上的曲折经历。尽管对阅读和写作充满热爱，但由于家庭环境的影响，作者最初选择了科学领域的专业。然而，在大学期间，作者逐渐意识到自己真正的兴趣在于英语文学，但为时已晚，无法转专业。毕业后，作者从事了一份没有意义的工作，感到迷茫。一次偶然的机会，作者受到朋友启发，决定继续深造学习英语文学，并最终找到了自己的方向和快乐。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. (我的父母是工程学教授。科学是我家庭可能性的地平线；其他一切都无关紧要甚至不存在。)”可知，作者父母的职业影响了作者选择专业，故答案为The professions of the author’s parents. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. (当我意识到我应该是英语专业的时候，已经太晚了，无法换专业了。)”可知，作者在大学时意识到他应该是英语专业，故答案为The author realized that he should have been an English major. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“And I immediately thought “I have to go to graduate school.” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance to study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s not too late - I’m not going to let it be too late. (我立刻想到“我必须去读研究生。”这意味着，直到我给自己机会学习英国文学，我才会快乐。这意味着，还不算太晚——我不会让它太晚。）”可知，作者决定去读研究生是因为他想给自己机会学习英国文学，而不是因为朋友劝说，所以表达“because his friend persuaded him to do so (因为他的朋友劝说他这样做)”是错误的，应更正为“because he wanted to give himself the chance to study English literature”故答案为The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. The author was determined to get into graduate school because he wanted to give himself the chance to study English literature. 【43题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第一段“My path was long to recognizing my vocation (职业) , much longer than it had to be. My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. No matter how much I loved to read and write, it never occurred to me to major in anything else. (我花了很长时间才找到自己的职业方向，其实本不必如此。我的父母都是工科教授，在我们家科学是唯一可能的前景；其他都不重要，甚至不存在。无论我多么喜欢阅读和写作，我从未想过要主修其他专业。)”和第三段“There was no one there to stop me. I would mope (消沉) in the back of those lectures, reading a novel behind my notebook, unaware of the fact that I was trying to tell myself something. I don’t know exactly when things went wrong with my chosen course of study. By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. I ended up working in a tiny nonprofit that meant nothing to me, with no idea where I should go next. (没有人阻止我。那些讲座上，我会坐在后面消沉地读小说，笔记本挡在前面，却没意识到我是在试图告诉自己些什么。我不知道我的课程选择到底是什么时候出了问题。直到我意识到自己应该主修英语时，已经太晚了，无法转专业了。最终我在一家对我毫无意义的小非营利组织工作，完全不知道下一步该去哪里。)”内容可知，作者选择专业时受到家庭影响而选择了科学专业，后来意识到自己应该是英语专业但已经太晚无法换专业，所以从作者的经历中我们可以学到选择专业应该基于自己的真正兴趣和激情而不是外部期望或家庭影响，跟随自己的心会带来真正的幸福和满足感，故答案为From the author's experience, I learned that choosing a major should be based on one's true interests and passions rather than external expectations or family influence. Following one's heart leads to true happiness and fulfillment. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友 Jim 准备参加中国文化网举办的“Sharing China”春节文化影像展全球作品征集活动，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 拍摄内容的建议； 2. 就以上建议简要说明理由。 注意：1. 词数100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词：春节文化影像展 Spring Festival Image Exhibition Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to hear that you’re going to enter the Spring Festival Image Exhibition. I would like to give some advice. It’s a good idea to take a picture of dragon and lion dances in Chinatown. These dances, performed to chase away evil spirits and welcome in prosperous times, offer a glimpse into the festive atmosphere of Spring Festival. Alternatively, you can consider capturing a scene of family members making jiaozi together. Nothing is better at embodying the essence of Spring Festival — family reunions. I’m confident that these pictures will showcase how well Chinese culture has been embraced and spread overseas. Hope you can get some inspiration! Feel free to ask me if you need further help. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国好友 Jim回复邮件，对参加中国文化网举办的“Sharing China”春节文化影像展全球作品征集活动提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：thrilled→excited 参加：enter→take part in 建议：advice→suggestion 考虑：consider→take sth. into account 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：I’m thrilled to hear that you’re going to enter the Spring Festival Image Exhibition. I would like to give some advice. 拓展句：Thrilled to hear that you’re going to enter the Spring Festival Image Exhibition, I would like to give some advice. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m thrilled to hear that you’re going to enter the Spring Festival Image Exhibition. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Feel free to ask me if you need further help. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市朝阳区2024~2025学年度第一学期期末质量检测 高三英语试卷 2025. 1 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At 13 years old, I took a long trip to London alone. When I sat down on the coach, an elderly gray-haired man ___1___ and asked if he could sit beside me. “Of course! ” He looked ___2___ , so I avoided eye contact as he settled. “Hi, I’m Sara.” I awkwardly offered my right hand. “… George.” He paused before accepting it. Then, our chat took off. George had never left the country or rarely talked to strangers, while I, a third culture kid, grew up with friends from around the world. As we learned more about each other, we both seemed to ___3___ . Listening to George, I felt thankful for his ___4___ , age contrast not with standing. It’s often our experiences that ___5___ us, not age. Our conversation was interrupted by my growling stomach. I took out a sandwich and handed George another one. “Would you eat with me? ” At first, he refused in shock. But the determination on my face must have been very persuasive. After a moment’s hesitation, he accepted it. As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep. The sudden tap on my shoulder made me ___6___ in my seat. It was George, ready to get off the bus. As I extended my hand for a final handshake, he ___7___ it in both of his, looking directly at me, his eyes full of ___8___ . “Thank you for being so kind to me. Safe travels.” Looking outside, I realized that I had ___9___ shown generosity to this old man, who had probably never been offered food by a stranger. If I felt this good simply because I had unconsciously brightened someone’s day, I wonder how wonderful it would feel to show strangers kindness with ___10___ . 1. A. stepped B. wandered C. returned D. approached 2. A. excited B. nervous C. confused D. confident 3. A. relax B. focus C. worry D. hesitate 4. A. guidance B. wisdom C. honesty D. company 5. A. create B. shape C. discover D. control 6. A. shoot up B. sit back C. bend down D. stretch out 7. A. waved B. supported C. cupped D. balanced 8. A. hope B. gratitude C. pride D. curiosity 9. A. consistently B. purposely C. accidentally D. thoughtfully 10. A. intention B. sympathy C. inspiration D. expectation 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 During my summer vacation in the US, I once asked for a cup of hot water at a restaurant. The waiter’s ___11___ (confuse) look suggested my request seemed strange. In America, people love to drink ice-cold water. But in China, we prefer hot water. The waiter ___12___ (come) back with a glass of room temperature water. I politely asked again, “Can I please have some hot water?” The waiter finally understood and brought me a steaming cup of hot water. ___13___ (learn) something new about each other’s cultures, we both smiled. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Today, many people wonder ___14___ electric cars are better than gasoline cars. Some argue they are clean, not-polluting and cheaper, ___15___ gasoline cars are still very popular. They can drive long distances ___16___ needing to recharge, and they also refuel more quickly, taking only a few minutes at a gas station. Additionally, there are more gas stations than charging stations, making gasoline cars more convenient for long trips. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Shanxi is a huge museum of history and culture. Recently, the game Black Myth: Wukong ___17___ (gain) a lot of attention. To showcase the beauty of Chinese architecture, the game features over twenty scenes, ___18___ temples and towers are modeled after ancient Shanxi’s buildings. A video entitled Travel Shanxi with Wukong has been released to follow in the footsteps and take viewers on a virtual tour of every famous ___19___ (attractive). This close connection to the game world allows us ___20___ (use) digital platforms to introduce Shanxi’s high-quality cultural and tourism resources through interactive methods. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Oxford College Farm, located on the edge of Oxford campus of Emory University, was created in 2014 after the donation of eleven acres (英亩) of land from an Emory graduate. Here, organic and fresh food is grown both for Emory’s campuses and the surrounding communities. Also, the farm provides students across disciplines with hands-on experience in sustainable agriculture. If you are looking for local and organically-grown food, delicious varieties harvested at the peak of ripeness or other exciting possibilities, come and join the Oxford College Farm Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) Program! Just take it as a subscription program that allows you to be a steward (管家) of the land while eating well! CSA Program Membership ·Tour the gardens on weekdays. ·Enjoy locally-grown, fresh, and seasonal produce. ·Receive newsletter featuring garden updates and recipe suggestions. ·Have priority for signing up for next year’s CSA. Sign-up Reminders ·Fill in your information, including your Emory NetID, first name, last name, preferred email, preferred phone, home address, city, state and zip code. ·Select your pickup location: Oxford Farmers Mkt, Atl Campus Kaldi’s, Atl Campus Math/ Sci, Emory University Hospital. ·Choose your pickup season (s). Please note that prices vary from season to season. To receive a 10% discount, you can participate in all seasons. ·Use a delivery service if you need. It is free for all orders over $30, otherwise fees vary anywhere from $2 to $5 depending on distance. If you are unable to join the CSA because of financial need, please email us at oxfarm@ emory. edu to discuss. Membership to the CSA is limited, so sign up as soon as possible! Don’t miss out on this opportunity to support sustainable agriculture and enjoy fresh, locally-grown food! 21. The Oxford College Farm _________. A. is managed by Emory graduates B. is tailored for agriculture majors C. allows students to experience in person D. makes donations to nearby communities 22. The CSA members can _________. A. get latest news about the gardens B. enjoy free delivery service C. take part in farm tours on weekends D. get discounts for membership renewal 23. If you want to sign up for the CSA program, you need to _________. A. send an email in advance B. fill in your financial conditions C. choose your preferred pickup spot D. guarantee to participate in all seasons B Nici Mense, the New York Jets’ first full-time dietitian, faces the demanding task of managing the daily nutritional needs of professional athletes. Recently, she has successfully completed her seventh season with the team. Properly fueling players so that they feel the difference in their performance is something she learned while playing soccer at university. “I found soccer to be more demanding on my body than I had expected, and I needed to maintain my energy through proper nutrition to match my performance on the field, ” she said. “This realization changed my perspective. I’ve always loved sports and food, so combining the two made the most sense. ” Mense joined the New York Jets and has stayed in tune with the team’s schedule. “My hours vary from time to time, ” she said. “It’s the busiest during training camp through the end of the season. We will work seven days a week unless it’s our bye week, when we don’t play a game during the season. We ensure players fuel properly before, during and after practice. They receive recovery shakes, snacks and fruit for post-practice recovery. While they are in training throughout the day, that’s my time to plan for the weeks ahead. ” Occasionally athletes need a warm-up period when working with a dietitian. “It can be quite challenging to prove that dietitians are here to help them and that we are not the food police, ” said Mense. “There are times when a player doesn’t listen to the education and injures themselves. But it’s always so awesome to see when it works for them. ” Nevertheless, Mense feels fulfilled in her role and continues to push the athletes, knowing that nutrition is key to fueling performance, recovery and long-term health. Mense describes herself as “obsessed” with her field, constantly evolving and gaining knowledge. “If I am the same dietitian three years from now, then I am doing something wrong, ” she declared. “The more open-minded I am, and the more I am able to learn as a professional, the better I can help athletes with their goals. ” By staying at the forefront of her field, Mense provides athletes with essential nutrition strategies to support their performance, recovery, and long-term health. With her dedication and expertise, it’s clear that professional athletes are truly eating their way to victory. 24. What motivated Nici Mense to choose her career? A. Her urge to make life changes. B. Her experience of playing soccer. C. Her admiration for athletes’ spirits. D. Her dream of being a professional athlete. 25 What can we learn about Nici Mense? A. She keeps her professional knowledge updated. B. Her priority is to provide post-game recovery meals. C. She works seven days a week during the season period. D. Her working hours are fixed throughout the entire season. 26. Nici Mense sometimes finds it hard to work with athletes because they _________. A. put their personal interests first B. complain about their unhealthy diet C. disagree about their training schedule D. doubt the role of a dietitian in their team 27. Which words can best describe Nici Mense? A. Determined and generous. B. Humble and innovative. C. Talkative and open-minded. D. Enthusiastic and committed. C According to an idea called the “inflationary (暴胀的) multiverse”, the universe has been constantly expanding, which would have created a countless number of other universes. Collectively, these cosmic islands form what scientists call a “multiverse”. However, other universes may lie beyond our scientific reach, physically and philosophically. Consequently, the methodologies by which physicists might validate (验证) the multiverse and whether such validation is even possible remain unresolved inquiries. In science, hypotheses (假说) are used to propose explanations, but from hypotheses to theories, validation of predictions is essential to see whether initial assumptions are supported or disproved. Theoretical physicist Carlo Rovelli says, “It is hard to write theories that survive the proof of reality. Few survive thanks to a basic idea: Do not trust your fancies. Keep only the ideas that can be tested.” Rovelli adds, “Today many physicists are wasting time trying to guess and jumping to conclusions. This approach has never worked previously, and it is not working now.” The multiverse might be one of those wild guesses. Now, physicists are debating whether that problem moves the multiverse from physics to metaphysics, from the world of science to that of philosophy. Philosopher Richard Dawid believes scientists could support the multiverse hypotheses without actually finding physical support. “If we have a theory that seems to work, and have come up with nothing that works better, chances are our idea is right,” he says. Not everyone is so cheerful, though. Sabine Hossenfelder, another theoretical physicist, thinks “Without making contact with observation, a theory isn’t part of the natural sciences, and not physics.” Some supporters of the multiverse claim they have found physical evidence. Andrei Linde insists “Our universe seems fine-tuned (精调的) to be favourable to life, with a four-dimensional space in which we can live. It is certain that in an eternally inflating multiverse, one of the universes should turn out like ours. Each universe can have different physical laws and fundamentals. Given limitless changes, a universe on which humans can be born will be born. The multiverse actually explains why we’re here. And our existence, therefore, helps explain why the multiverse is plausible.” Just as Einstein’s theory of general relativity could only be confirmed recently with a billion-dollar instrument called LIGO, scientists may eventually discover more direct evidence of the multiverse. So far, all of science has relied on testability, but those tests take time, and most theoreticians want to wait it out. They are not ready to shelve an idea like the multiverse — which could actually be the answer to life, the universe and everything — until and unless they can prove to themselves it doesn’t exist. And that day may never come. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. The multiverse is recognized as a theory. B. The multiverse starts debates on human existence. C. Rovelli criticizes physicists for their baseless fancies. D. Dawid emphasizes the necessity of physical evidence. 29. What does the underlined word “plausible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Credible. B. Complex. C. Essential. D. Fascinating. 30. As for the existence of multiverse, the author is _________. A. negative B. neutral C. certain D. positive 31. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Mysteries of Multiverse: Fine-Tuned for Life B. Can Physicists Ever Prove the Multiverse Is Real? C. The Inflationary Multiverse: Proven Beyond Doubt D. Have Physicists Lost Their Minds in the Multiverse? D Pure mathematics fascinates me, precisely because it is so inaccessible. I envision it as a remote, chilly, dangerous place, like Antarctica’s Sentinel Range. The hard y souls who surmount its peaks seem superhuman. Perhaps because I romanticize mathematicians, I’m troubled by the thought that machines might replace them. I stated this possibility in The Death of Proof, published in the October 1993 Scientific American. In response to the growing complexity of mathematics, I reported, mathematicians were becoming increasingly reliant on computers. I asked, “Will the great mathematicians of the next century be made of silicon (硅)?” Mathematicians are still annoyed about that article, even as the trends I described have continued. Anthony Bordg at Cambridge University worries that his field could face a “replication crisis” (复制危机) like that troubling scientific research. Mathematicians, Bordg notes, sometimes accept a proof not because they have checked it, step by step, but because they trust the proof’s methods and author. Given the “increasing difficulty in checking the correctness of mathematical arguments”, old-fashioned peer review may no longer be sufficient. Outstanding mathematicians have published “proofs” so novel and elaborate that even specialists in the relevant mathematics can’t validate them. Bordg suggests computerized “proof assistants ” will help confirm proofs. Researchers have already invented an “interactive theorem prover (交互式定理证明程序)” that can check proofs and even propose improvements. Some mathematicians welcome the digitization of mathematics for accuracy. Others are conflicted. Michael Harris sees mathematics as “a free, creative activity” pursued for its own sake, for the pure joy of discovery and insight. He worries such tools will encourage a “limited vision” of mathematics as an economic product rather than “a way of being human”. After all, many funders of mathematical research, including technology giants, value mathematics primarily for its applications. We value science for applications, too. Sentimental science writing, including mine, implies that science’s purpose is insight into nature. In the modern era, however, science’s primary goal is power. Science helps us control nature for various ends: to enrich and entertain, to boost economy, and to defeat enemies. Modern physics, to most of us, is incomprehensible, but who cares when physics gives us smartphones and hydrogen bombs? Physicists often adopt a utilitarian (实用主义的) mindset, exemplified by the slogan “Shut up and calculate!” That is what professors supposedly tell students stuck in quantum mechanics. Stephen Hawking and Martin Rees have predicted artificial intelligence will play an increasing role in physics. Wouldn’t it be funny if a quantum AI finds the long-sought unified theory of physics, but not even brilliant theorist Edward Witten understands it? Given the powerful forces behind automatization, if machines can replace mathematicians, they probably will, just as they are replacing drivers, bank tellers, travel agents, cashiers and other workers. Mathematicians’ wishes, such as their desire to pursue truth purely for its own sake, might be unlikely. The charm of math can hardly be preserved in face of the powerful forces behind automatization. 32. “Replication crisis” is mentioned to _________. A. reduce a particular concern B. justify the use of digital assistants C. question the role of authority in math D. highlight the potential threat of machines 33. Advocates of utilitarianism in science would probably agree that _________. A. insight into nature is a priority B. automatization is a major trend C. quantum AI remains a fantasy D. power is an approach to digitization 34. What can be learned from this passage? A. Utilitarian mindset pushes physics forward. B. Quantum mechanics unifies theories of physics. C. The humanity of mathematics is hard to maintain. D. Leading mathematicians’ proofs are beyond understanding. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you struggling with low self-esteem (自尊)? If so, you may have been told to repeat phrases such as “I’m a lovable person”. ___35___ However, when psychologists tested the effects of such positive self-talk, they found “toxic positivity” — the phenomenon that a forced optimistic interpretation of our experiences alongside the bottling up of negative emotions can do real damage. ___36___ Beginning in the industrial revolution socioeconomic goals around productivity and efficiency contributed to a culture where emotions, especially paralyzing ones like sadness, were seen as handbrakes to economic output. If someone was struggling, they were advised to have more faith rather than encouraged to explore the root causes. Science also takes some blame. Historically, psychologists didn’t consider emotions as justified phenomena to study, so there was little understanding of their significant impact on mental health. It isn’t surprising that we want to believe things will turn out better if we have positive attitude. After all, there is a growing body of research indicating that an optimistic outlook on life does have benefits, such as promoting physical health, boosting energy, and reducing stress. It also isn’t surprising that we label certain emotions, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they do feel unpleasant. ___37___ Nevertheless, it is becoming apparent that positivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with more than 217, 000 participants investigated the link between optimism, pessimism and mortality. It found that an optimistic outlook was indeed associated with the lower risk of death, however, both unrealistic optimism and pessimism were linked to a higher risk of death. ___38___ How can we escape toxic positivity? Susan Davis from Harvard Medical School emphasizes the importance of allowing ourselves to sit with uncomfortable emotions. ___39___ The key to managing emotions does not lie in judging oneself for feeling negative emotions, but simply experiencing them, knowing that they will pass. A. We need to accept them as a normal part of human experience. B. Our tendency to avoid the darker aspects of human experience isn’t new. C. When we experience them, we can become consumed, disturbed or inactive. D. Neglecting negative emotions is also found to be harmful to our mental health. E. They urge us to inject a bit of positive emotion into our day to gain the benefits. F. Positive chants like this are set to boost a person’s mood and feelings of self-worth. G. We are more likely to perceive normal emotions as mental problems needing treatment. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 My path was long to recognizing my vocation (职业) , much longer than it had to be. My parents were professors of engineering. Science was the horizon of possibility in my family; nothing else counted or even existed. No matter how much I loved to read and write, it never occurred to me to major in anything else. I had been curious about biology and psychology in high school, so when I knew Columbia offered a joint major in the two fields, I chose it on the spot. The feeling, other than excitement, was one of relief. I couldn’t bear the uncertainty that college represented. Instead of opening options up, I needed to shut them down. I had locked up three-quarters of my courses for the next four years, and I hadn’t even gone to a single class. There was no one there to stop me. I would mope (消沉) in the back of those lectures, reading a novel behind my notebook, unaware of the fact that I was trying to tell myself something. I don’t know exactly when things went wrong with my chosen course of study. By the time I realized that I should have been an English major, it was too late to make the switch. I ended up working in a tiny nonprofit that meant nothing to me, with no idea where I should go next. And then I happened to be visiting a friend in architecture school. She wasn’t happy either; her program was way too pretentious and theoretical. We were walking along and she said, “I have to get out of graduate school. ” And I immediately thought “I have to go to graduate school. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance to study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s not too late - I’m not going to let it be too late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm. It wasn’t easy getting in at that point. But for the first time in a long while, I performed at the top of my ability. I’d study for eighty hours a week and I had never been happier. 40. What family factor (s) influenced the author’s choice of major? ___________________________________________________ 41. What did the author realize at college? ___________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The author was determined to get into graduate school because his friend persuaded him to do so. ___________________________________________________ 43. What have you learned from the author’s experience of choosing a major in college? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友 Jim 准备参加中国文化网举办的“Sharing China”春节文化影像展全球作品征集活动，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 拍摄内容的建议； 2. 就以上建议简要说明理由。 注意：1. 词数100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 提示词：春节文化影像展 Spring Festival Image Exhibition Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $