01 Module 4 Seeing the doctor 【速记清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（外研版）

Module 4 Seeing the doctor 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 Unit 1 1、I feel ill.我感觉病了。(教材第26页) ill( worse, worst)形容词,意为“不健康的;有病的”。其名词形式是illness. e.g. He can't attend the meeting, because he is ill today. = He can't attend the meeting because of his illness today. 今天他因病不能参加会议。 辨析:ill与 sick ill 有病的 只能作表语,不能作定语 Tim was ill/sick in bed yesterday. 昨天Tim卧病在床。 sick 生病的 既可以作表语又可以作定语 She is looking after her sick cat. 她正在照顾她生病的猫。 【拓展练习】 ①My grandfather is ____. I need a three-day leave. (ill/sick ) ②Look! There is a  dog. (ill/sick) ③The girl is ___ ____ and her mum has to look after (照顾) the ___ ____ girl. (ill, sick) 2、I've got a stomach ache and my head hurts.我胃痛,头也痛。(教材第26页) (1)ache此处用作名词,意为“痛;疼痛”。stomach ache 意为“胃痛;腹痛”。 e.g. I had a stomach ache yesterday morning. 昨天上午我胃痛。 【拓展】-ache 还可跟在某些表示器官或身体部位的名词之后,表示“……痛”。 headache头痛 backache背痛 toothache牙痛 earache耳朵痛 (2) hurt(hurt,hurt)此处用作不及物动词,意为“痛,疼”。 e.g. My legs hurt as soon as I move. 我一动腿就痛。 e.g. My head hurt when I got up. 我起床时头痛。 【拓展】 hurt 还可用作及物动词,意为“使受伤”。 e.g. The thief hurt himself while trying to escape from the police. 小偷企图从警方手中逃脱时伤到了自己。 【拓展练习】 ①Mum, I feel sick. I have a ___ ___ (stomach). ②Be careful. Don’t get yourself __ ____ (hurt). 3、Since Friday.从周五开始。(教材第26页) since此处用作介词,意为“自……以来”,后接时间点,常用于现在完成时态。 e.g. They have worked since 9 o'clock. 他们从9点钟开始就一直工作。 e.g.He have studied English since 7 years ago. 从7年前开始我一直学习英语。 【拓展】 since也可用作连词,意为“自…以来”，引导时间状语从句。主句通常是现在完成时,从句通常是一般过去时。 注意：提问 since引导的时间状语(从句)用how long 【拓展练习】 Daming hasn't done much exercise he got his computer. A.when B.if C.though D.since 4、Have you caught a cold? 你感冒了吗?(教材第26页) （1）catch a cold 意为“感冒”,与have a cold 意思相同。 ①catch a cold 侧重患感冒的动作,属于短暂性动词短语,不能与how long 和 for 及since 引起的时间状语连用。 e.g.What's wrong with you?你怎么了? I catch a cold.我感冒了。 ②have a cold 侧重感冒的状态,是延续性动词短语。 e.g.I have had a cold for a week.我感冒一周了. 【拓展】“have a(n)+疾病”表示“患……(病)”， 常见的有: have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a bad cold 患重感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache牙痛 【拓展练习】 ①Last week Betty (catch) a cold. ②You should be careful (not catch) a cold. 5、 Let me take your temperature... 让我给你量一下体温….(教材第26页) ( 1)take sb.'s temperature意为“量某人的体温”。 The doctor has taken the boy's temperature; there is no fever. 医生已经给这个男孩量过体温,没发烧。 【拓展】 对温度进行提问时通常用what,而不用how much 或 how many. 【拓展练习】 ①The doctor (not take) his temperature yet. Please call the doctor as soon as possible. ②Let me take temperature. (you) (2)take动词,此处意为“(用机器)测定,量取"，后面直接跟被测量的事物。 Let me take your blood pressure.让我量量你的血压。 【拓展】take用作动词时,还有以下常见用法: ①拍摄。take a photo/picture of sb.意为“给某人拍照”。 e.g. Let's take a photo together in front of this beautiful scenery. 让我们一起在这美丽的景色前拍张照吧。 ②(尤指有规律地)吃,喝。take the medicine 意为"吃药”。 e.g.You should take the medicine three times a day. 你应该每天吃三次药。 ③携带,拿走,取走。take sth.with sb.意为“某人随身带着某物”。 e.g.Don't forget to take your things with you when you get off the bus. 下车时别忘了随身带着你的东西。 【拓展练习】 ①We’d better _______ (take) a photo before we come back. ②He forgot the medicine this morning and now he is feeling worse. (take) 6、Do you do any exercise?你锻炼吗?(教材第26页) ①exercise此处用作不可数名词,意为“锻炼,运动”。 e.g.We should take some exercise every day. 我们应当每天做些运动。 【拓展】 ①exercise 作可数名词,意为“练习;操练”。 e.g.I have many exercises to do today. 今天我有许多练习要做。 e.g.Children like doing morning exercises. 孩子们喜欢做早操。 ②exercise还可作动词,意为“运动,锻炼”。 e.g.How often do your father exercise? 你爸爸多久锻炼一次? 【拓展练习】 ①It’s good for us to take __ _____ and we often do morning __ _____ in the playground. (exercise) ②—How about (exercise)? —OK. Let’s go. 7、You spend too much time in front of the computer,你在电脑前花费时间太多了。(教材第26页) （1）too much 意为“太多”,后接不可数名词。 e.g.Tom has too much homework to do. 汤姆有太多的家庭作业要做。 辨析:too many, too much 与 much too too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 There are too many people in the park.公园里人太多。 too much 太多 修饰不可数名词 There is too much noise here. 这儿噪声太大。 单独使用,位于动词之后 Don't eat too much.不要吃得太多。 much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 The computer is much too expensive. 这台电脑太贵了。 【拓展练习】 ①There’s ____ ___ ice in the north of China in winter. A．too many B．many too C．much too D．too much ②It is not good to watch ______ TV or play ________ computer games. A．too much; too many B．much too; many too C．too many; too much D．too many; too many 8、It can be very harmful to your health.这可能你的健康是非常有害的。(教材第26页) (1)be harmful to意为“对…有害” e.g. Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟有害健康。 【拓展】 do harm to对.…有害 e.g. Smoking does harm for your health. 吸烟对你的健康有害。 (2)health名词,意为“健康(状况)”。be in good /poor health 意为“身体好/不好”。 e.g. His father is in good health.他爸爸身体很健康。 【拓展】healthy形容词,意为“健康的”。其反义词 unhealthy 意为“不健康的”,其副词healthily 为“健康地”。 The food looks very healthy. 这个食物看起来很健康。 【拓展练习】 ①Sweets can be ________ (harm) to children’s teeth. ②Screen use can do to children’s eyes. ③Doing sports is a good way to keep ______ (health). 9、..stop eating fast food and have breakfast every day.……不要再吃快餐食品了，并且每天都要吃早餐。(教材第26页) 这是一个祈使句。祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求或劝告等。它的主语通常是you(听话人)，常被省略。在肯定句中其动词一律用原形,否定式是在谓语动词前加 Don't. e.g. Stop talking, please.请停止谈话。 e.g. Don't be late for class again!上课不要再迟到了! 【拓展】祈使句的其他类型: Let+sb.+ do sth. Let us go home now.现在让我们回家吧。 ②以 no 开头的禁止型祈使句:No+sth.或No+v.-ing. No photos.禁止拍照。 No smoking,禁止吸烟。 【拓展练习】 carefully, please! Look at the road sign There is a school ahead. A.Drive B.To drive C.Driving Unit 2 1、I was not feeling very well...我感觉不是很舒服...(教材第28页) well 此处用作形容词,意为“健康的”。在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。 e.g. The girl feels well after taking medicine. 吃了药之后女孩感觉好多了。 【拓展】 well用作副词,意为“好”。常用来修饰动词(短语)，置于其后。 e.g.My brother can play the piano very well. 我哥哥钢琴弹得很好。 【拓展练习】 Gina is a ______ volleyball player, and she can play volleyball ________. A．good; good B．good; well C．well; good D．well; well 2、Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day.现在我每天通过遛狗来锻炼身体。(教材第28页) by 此处用作介词,意为“通过”。by后常接名词、代词或动名词形式,表示通过某种方式或手段等。 e.g. We can send the pictures by E-mail. 我们可以通过邮箱发送图片。 e.g.My elder sister learns English by listening to English programme. 我姐姐通过听英文节目学习英语。 【拓展练习】You can improve your English practicing more. A. by B.with C.of D.in 3、Our teacher decided to start a girls football team and I thought,“What a great idea!"我们的老师决定组建一支女子足球队,当时我想:“多好的主意啊!”(教材第28页) （1）decide 此处用作及物动词,意为“决定,下决心”。 （2）decide 后可跟to do sth.,意为“决定做某事”,decide后不能接动名词。 e.g.She has decided that she will be a teacher in the future. 她已决定将来当一名老师。 e.g. She decided to go to school. 她决定去上学。 【拓展】 （1）decide的名词形式为decision,意为“决心;决定”。make a decision意为“做决定;下决心”。 （2）decide to do sth.相当于make a decision to do sth.. e.g.He decided to study hard. =He made a decision to study hard. 他决定努力学习。 【拓展练习】 ①——Do you have any plans for the coming vacation? ——Sure.We decide Beijing in July. A.visit B.visiting C.visited D. to visit ②We decided _ _______ (go) abroad on vacation. 4、and she also takes part in the training with us.她也和我们一起参加训练。(教材第28页) （1）take part in意为"参加，参与(某事)”,指参加某一活动并在其中起作用。后常接名词、代词或动名词。take an active part in意为“积极参加……”。 Did you take part in the sports meeting? 你参加那场运动会了吗? 【拓展】 join 意为"参加,加入”,指加人某党派、团体、人群等并成为其中的一员,相当于become a member of。常见搭配有: ①“join+ 党派、团体名词"表示加人某一党派或团体。 e.g. He is too young to join the army. 他太年轻了，还不能参军。 ②"join in+某活动"表示参加某活动,相当于take part in。 e.g. He joined in the game.他加入了比赛。 ③join sb.表示加人到某个行列中(一起做某事)。 e.g.I will join you later.我随后就加入你们。 【拓展练习】 ①——Would you like to the party? ——I’d love to .I always like parties. A. take part in B.join C.join in ②Jack didn’t _______ my birthday party but _________ us for dinner yesterday evening. A．take part in; joined B．join; took part in C．join; take part in D．take part in; join 5、She is in excellent condition too.她的身体状况也很好。(教材第28页) in excellent condition意为“健康状况很好”。 e.g. He is in excellent condition now.他现在健康状况很好。 【拓展】 out of condition意为“健康状况不佳”。 e.g. She didn't go to work yesterday because she was out of condition. 昨天她没有去上班,因为她健康状况不佳。 【拓展练习】 The old man goes for a run every day so he is ________ excellent condition. A．at B．on C．in 6、When I got to work, I always felt very sleepy and I was not happy.上班时,我总感觉很困倦而且不开心。(教材第28页) 辨析:sleepy,sleep与asleep sleepy 形容 意为“想睡的，困的",在句中作表语或定 sleep 不及物动词 意为“睡,睡觉”，表示持续性状态 不可数名词 意为“睡觉;睡眠” asleep 形容词 意为“睡着的,睡熟的",常作表语,不能作定语。fall asleep表示 “入睡"的短暂动作。 【拓展练习】 用 sleepy、 asleep与sleep填空 (1). When I was a small child, my mother often read me some stories before I went to ________. (2). The speech was so boring that some people fell ________ while listening. (3). Many students aren’t getting enough ________ at night, which means they end up feeling ________ during class. 7、It is my daily exercise.这是我的日常运动。(数材第28页) daily此处用作形容词,意为“每天的;天天的",只用于名词前作定语。 e.g. It is a daily newspaper.这是一份日报。 辨析:daily ,everyday与every day daily 作形容词，意为“每天的;天天的",相当于everyday Running is my daily exercise. 步行是我的日常运动。 作副词,意为“每天”，相当于every day The museum is open daily. 博物馆每天开放。 everyday 形容词,意为“日常的;每天的",只作定语 It's important in my everyday life.这在我的日常生活中很重要 every day 副词短语,意为“每天”，比daily 更口语化 He goes to work by bike every day. 他每天骑自行车去上班。 【拓展练习】 ①The Internet has become part of our life. ②Music is an important part of my _______ life so I listen to music ________. A．every day, everyday B．everyday, every day C．every day, every day 8、Then a friend suggested,“Why don't we go for a run before school? "于是一位朋友建议说:“我们为什么不在上学前跑步呢?”(教材第28页) （1）“Why don't we/you+动词原形?"意为“我们/你(们)为什么不做某事呢?”,相当于“Why not+动词原形?”。常用于征求意见、提建议。 e.g.Why don't you go to the park with your friend? 为什么不和你的朋友一起去公园呢? e.g.Why not ask the policeman? 为什么不问那个警察呢? 【拓展】 英语中表示提建议的常用句型还有: ①What/How about.... ?….怎么样? e.g. What/How about going fishing? 去钓鱼怎么样? ②Would you like...? 你想...吗? e.g.Would you like something to drink? 来点儿喝的怎么样? ③Let's do...!让我们做...吧! e.g. Let's play a game!让我们做个游戏吧! 【拓展练习】 ①Why don't you _________(water)the flowers first? ②It's sunny today. Why don't we _______ (go) swimming? 9、My legs hurt and I am hot all over.我腿痛而且全身发热。(教材第28页) all over 意为“浑身;到处”。 e.g. The boy is wet all over.这个男孩浑身都湿了。 e.g. I want to travel all over the world.我想去环球旅行。 【拓展练习】 Tom浑身上下脏兮兮的。 Tom was dirty _____ ______. 10、Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.也许我太虚弱了而不能做任何运动。(教材第28页 (1)perhaps 副词,意为“可能;也许”,常用于句首,表示推测，相当于maybe。 e.g.Perhaps Tom is in his classroom. 也许汤姆在他的教室里。 e.g.Perhaps we can go to the zoo. 或许我们可以去动物园。 (2) too... to... 意为“太……而不能……”,too后跟形容词或副词,to后接动词原形构成动词不定式。在此结构中,还可在to前加for sb. , sb.作动词不定式的逻辑主语。 e.g. It was too dark to see anything in the cave. 在洞里光线太暗,什么也看不到。 e.g. The box was too heavy for me to lift. 箱子太重,我提不起来。 【拓展】 too...to...可与so...that...或not...enough to..互相转换。 车太贵,他买不起。 ① The car is too expensive for him to afford. ②The car is so expensive that he can't afford it. ③ The car is not cheap enough for him to afford. 【拓展练习】 —When will you be back to China? —________ three years later. A．Perhaps B．Finally C．However 语法知识 现在完成时(3) 1.表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今,可能刚刚结束,也可能继续下去。常与for 或since引导的时间状语(从句)连用,用how long 提问,谓语动词用延续性动词。 e.g.How long have you lived here? 你住在这里多久了? e.g.I have lived here for about ten years. 我住在这里大约10年了。 2.短暂性动词的意义及用法英语中有些动词,如 come, go, begin , start , die , buy, borrow, sell 等，被称为短暂性动词。短暂性动词的完成时的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,若与时间段连用通常要借助以下几种方式: (1)用与其意义相对应的“be+形容词或副词”。 begin/start → be on go there → be there come back → be back come here → be here open → be open close → be closed die→be dead marry →be married finish → be over go to bed → be in bed leave→ be away return → be back get out → be out fall asleep→be asleep lose →be lost fall ill →be ill e.g. 这家商店开门6个小时了。 The shop has opened for 6 hours.(x) The shop has been open for 6 hours.(√) (2)用与其意义相对应的延续性动词。 borrow→ keep put on→ wear become → be get to know→ know buy → have (own) catch a cold → have a cold receive→have go to sleep→sleep 如:那本书我借了一个月了。 I have borrowed that book for one month.(x) I have kept that book for one month.(√) 【拓展练习】 1．There was a traffic jam this morning, so when Tina ________ to the airport, the plane ________ for ten minutes. A．got; had been away B．got; had left C．gets; has been away D．gets; has left 2．—Ms White, how long can I _________ the dictionary?   —No rush, take your time! A．have B．borrow C．lend D．keep 3．—Mum, I want to watch Chinese Poetry Conference on CCTV-1 tonight. —Oh, dear. It ________ for nearly twenty minutes. Come on. A．will begin B．will be on C．has begun D．has been on 4．My father is not in Shanghai recently. He ________ home for nearly three weeks. A．has been away from B．has left C．has gone away from D．has left for 5．—Do you like playing table tennis? —Yes. I like playing it very much and I________ the Table Tennis Club of our school for two years. A．have joined B．become a member of C．have entered D．have been in 6．—It is ten years ________ we met each other. —How time flies! I can’t believe that we ________ friends for ten years. A．when; have made B．since; have made C．when; have been D．since; have been 7．Her grandmother ________ since 1999. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．die 03 素养提升 第一部分 词汇默写 n.咳嗽v.咳嗽 n.发烧;发热 n.头痛 n.腹部;肚子 n.痛;疼痛 n.牙痛 adj.不健康的;有病的 pron.这，这个(指刚提到的或显而易见的人、物或事实等) prep.自……以来conj.自……以来 n.感冒;伤风 感冒 v.(用机器)测定，量取，拍摄(尤指有规律地)吃，喝 量某人的体温 快餐食品 n.健康(状况) adj.健康的 n.心;心脏 adj.积极的;活跃的 n.宠物;宠畜 n.成员:会员 参加，参与(某事) n.状况:身体状况 健康状况很好 adj.困的;想睡的 adv.当时;那时 adj.每天的;天天的 adj.弱的;虚弱的 n.病;疾病 v.运动:锻炼 adj.极讨厌的:极坏的 感到不舒服 浑身:到处 adv.可能;也许 第二部分 拓展练习 一、根据句意及汉语提示，正确拼写单词 1．Sam (咳嗽) a lot yesterday. He looked terrible. 2．The little girl has a very high (发烧). We must take her to the hospital at once. 3．Nowadays, technology has become an important part of our (每天的；日常的) life. 4．We should do more sports to be in good (条件). 5．She is still (虚弱的) after her illness. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．The doctor told the boy to take temperature because he had a cough and headache. (he) 2．I do morning exercise every day. I think it can help me keep in good . (health) 3．She has a (stomach) after drinking something bad. 4．What a bad day! I’m feeling even now after taking the wrong medicine. (ill) 5．Too hot afternoons often make people (sleep) and tired. 三、单项选择 1．Jim, turn off the TV. It ________ for two hours. A．began B．has begun C．was on D．has been on 2．We have been good friends ________. A．last year B．since we met last year C．one year ago D．when we met last year 3．You’d better drink some hot tea with honey when you have a __________. A．sore throat B．sore back C．toothache D．nosebleed 4．I failed in last Math test. So I decide to study harder ________ a better grade next time. A．to get B．getting C．to take D．taking 5．When we are taking a bus, we should ________ the seat to the old on the bus. A．lend B．offer C．take D．bring 6．—Your face looks a bit red. —Yeah, my head feels very hot. Maybe I have a ________. A．stomachache B．toothache C．sore throat D．fever 7．I have a _________. It’s terrible. I can’t really eat anything with my teeth. A．toothache B．fever C．cold D．stomachache 8．Eat less junk food, so you can be in good ________. A．health B．unhealthy C．healthy D．healthily 9．My parents now ________ physics in this key middle school, so they have been here ________ ten years. A．are teaching; by B．teach; for C．have taught; since D．have been taught; by 10．—The food looks ________ and smells ________. —Yes, I just can’t wait to have a taste! A．well; nice B．delicious; good C．nicely; well D．good; nicely 四、补全对话 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Linda. 1 What’s wrong with you? B: I was ill last week. I had to stay at home for several days. A: Oh! 2 Did you see the doctor? B: Yes, I did. I took some medical tests and the doctor told me that I just got a fever. A: I see. How are you feeling now? B: 3 So I am back to school today. A: I think you’d better take more exercise. 4 B: Not yet. What can we do there? A: We can play basketball and swim. B: Sounds interesting. 5 A: It’s only 2 kilometers away from here. B: Great! Let’s go there after school. A．How far is it? B．How do you like it? C．I’m sorry to hear that. D．How long is it open every day? E．I’m feeling better. F．I haven’t seen you for days. G．Have you ever been to the new sports center? 五、阅读理解 A Mary wants to know how to keep healthy. She is reading something about that on the Internet. Here are some of the ideas. Good sleep is important for your health. You need about eight hours’ sleep a night. Don’t eat or read in bed. A cup of milk before sleeping may help you get a good sleep. Go to bed at the same time before midnight and get up at the same time every morning. For more information, please visit www.sleep.com. How often do you exercise? If you want to stay healthy, try to exercise for thirty minutes every day, three or four times a week. For more information, please call Health Line at 180-2000. Studies show that the cold or the flu virus can live on your hands for long, so you should wash your hands often with soap and water. If you want to know more, please call the Health Line at 180-1313. Brush your teeth twice a day and see a dentist at least once a year. The oral examination (口腔检查) is not only for your health of teeth, but also for the whole body. Please visit www.mydr.com for more information. 1．What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Health. B．Relationship. C．Food and drinks. D．Sports. 2．How many ideas does the passage talk about? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Which of the following is good for sleep? A．Eating food. B．Reading a book. C．Drinking milk. D．Talking on the phone. 4．Alan wants to know more about health of teeth. What can he do? A．Visit www.sleep.com. B．Visit www.mydr.com. C．Call Health Line at 180-2000. D．Call the Health Line at 180-1313. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． B The simple activities below will make everyone in our family leave the chair and help you get closer while burning some calories (卡路里). RunningRunning burns about 700 calories an hour. When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful views along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything. As we all know, the best thing in life is free. Rope JumpingRope jumping burns 600 calories an hour. They are convenient (方便的) to carry. You can pack one in your bag for exercise wherever you go. And your parents can also take one while they travel. DancingAre you interested in dancing? Why not dance to music at home? Having a family dance party makes parents and children happy and also get some exercise. Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour. Walking a dogIt’s good for your health to walk a dog. One reason may be that you can take more walks when you walk a dog. Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour. If your daily walks have become more like a chore, add some fun. Go with a friend, pick different ways each day, or do some running. 1．Which of the following is not the good points of running? A．It can make your body healthy. B．You don’t need to cost anything. C．You can enjoy fresh air and beautiful views. D．You can pack one in your bag for exercise. 2．Which activity can burn the most calories an hour? A．Running. B．Rope Jumping. C．Dancing. D．Walking a dog. 3．If Mary has hip pop dancing for one hour and a half, how many calories can she burn? A．300. B．400. C．500. D．600. 4．What do the activities above have in common? A．They are not easy to do. B．They can only be done outdoors. C．They can help burning some calories. D．They are not interesting at all. 5．Where can you most probably read the text? A．In a guidebook. B．In a magazine. C．In a storybook. D．In a letter. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module 4 Seeing the doctor 01 思维导图 02 考点速记 Unit 1 1、I feel ill.我感觉病了。(教材第26页) ill( worse, worst)形容词,意为“不健康的;有病的”。其名词形式是illness. e.g. He can't attend the meeting, because he is ill today. = He can't attend the meeting because of his illness today. 今天他因病不能参加会议。 辨析:ill与 sick ill 有病的 只能作表语,不能作定语 Tim was ill/sick in bed yesterday. 昨天Tim卧病在床。 sick 生病的 既可以作表语又可以作定语 She is looking after her sick cat. 她正在照顾她生病的猫。 【拓展练习】 ①My grandfather is ___ill_____. I need a three-day leave. (ill/sick ) ②Look! There is a sick  dog. (ill/sick) ③The girl is ____ill____ and her mum has to look after (照顾) the ____sick____ girl. (ill, sick) 2、I've got a stomach ache and my head hurts.我胃痛,头也痛。(教材第26页) (1)ache此处用作名词,意为“痛;疼痛”。stomach ache 意为“胃痛;腹痛”。 e.g. I had a stomach ache yesterday morning. 昨天上午我胃痛。 【拓展】-ache 还可跟在某些表示器官或身体部位的名词之后,表示“……痛”。 headache头痛 backache背痛 toothache牙痛 earache耳朵痛 (2) hurt(hurt,hurt)此处用作不及物动词,意为“痛,疼”。 e.g. My legs hurt as soon as I move. 我一动腿就痛。 e.g. My head hurt when I got up. 我起床时头痛。 【拓展】 hurt 还可用作及物动词,意为“使受伤”。 e.g. The thief hurt himself while trying to escape from the police. 小偷企图从警方手中逃脱时伤到了自己。 【拓展练习】 ①Mum, I feel sick. I have a ____stomach ache____ (stomach). ②Be careful. Don’t get yourself ___hurt_____ (hurt). 3、Since Friday.从周五开始。(教材第26页) since此处用作介词,意为“自……以来”,后接时间点,常用于现在完成时态。 e.g. They have worked since 9 o'clock. 他们从9点钟开始就一直工作。 e.g.He have studied English since 7 years ago. 从7年前开始我一直学习英语。 【拓展】 since也可用作连词,意为“自…以来”，引导时间状语从句。主句通常是现在完成时,从句通常是一般过去时。 注意：提问 since引导的时间状语(从句)用how long 【拓展练习】 Daming hasn't done much exercise D he got his computer. A.when B.if C.though D.since 4、Have you caught a cold? 你感冒了吗?(教材第26页) （1）catch a cold 意为“感冒”,与have a cold 意思相同。 ①catch a cold 侧重患感冒的动作,属于短暂性动词短语,不能与how long 和 for 及since 引起的时间状语连用。 e.g.What's wrong with you?你怎么了? I catch a cold.我感冒了。 ②have a cold 侧重感冒的状态,是延续性动词短语。 e.g.I have had a cold for a week.我感冒一周了. 【拓展】“have a(n)+疾病”表示“患……(病)”， 常见的有: have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a bad cold 患重感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache牙痛 【拓展练习】 ①Last week Betty catch (catch) a cold. ②You should be careful not to catch (not catch) a cold. 5、 Let me take your temperature... 让我给你量一下体温….(教材第26页) ( 1)take sb.'s temperature意为“量某人的体温”。 The doctor has taken the boy's temperature; there is no fever. 医生已经给这个男孩量过体温,没发烧。 【拓展】 对温度进行提问时通常用what,而不用how much 或 how many. 【拓展练习】 ①The doctor hasn’t taken (not take) his temperature yet. Please call the doctor as soon as possible. ②Let me take your temperature. (you) (2)take动词,此处意为“(用机器)测定,量取"，后面直接跟被测量的事物。 Let me take your blood pressure.让我量量你的血压。 【拓展】take用作动词时,还有以下常见用法: ①拍摄。take a photo/picture of sb.意为“给某人拍照”。 e.g. Let's take a photo together in front of this beautiful scenery. 让我们一起在这美丽的景色前拍张照吧。 ②(尤指有规律地)吃,喝。take the medicine 意为"吃药”。 e.g.You should take the medicine three times a day. 你应该每天吃三次药。 ③携带,拿走,取走。take sth.with sb.意为“某人随身带着某物”。 e.g.Don't forget to take your things with you when you get off the bus. 下车时别忘了随身带着你的东西。 【拓展练习】 ①We’d better ___take_____ (take) a photo before we come back. ②He forgot to take the medicine this morning and now he is feeling worse. (take) 6、Do you do any exercise?你锻炼吗?(教材第26页) ①exercise此处用作不可数名词,意为“锻炼,运动”。 e.g.We should take some exercise every day. 我们应当每天做些运动。 【拓展】 ①exercise 作可数名词,意为“练习;操练”。 e.g.I have many exercises to do today. 今天我有许多练习要做。 e.g.Children like doing morning exercises. 孩子们喜欢做早操。 ②exercise还可作动词,意为“运动,锻炼”。 e.g.How often do your father exercise? 你爸爸多久锻炼一次? 【拓展练习】 ①It’s good for us to take __exercise______ and we often do morning __exercises______ in the playground. (exercise) ②—How about exercising (exercise)? —OK. Let’s go. 7、You spend too much time in front of the computer,你在电脑前花费时间太多了。(教材第26页) （1）too much 意为“太多”,后接不可数名词。 e.g.Tom has too much homework to do. 汤姆有太多的家庭作业要做。 辨析:too many, too much 与 much too too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 There are too many people in the park.公园里人太多。 too much 太多 修饰不可数名词 There is too much noise here. 这儿噪声太大。 单独使用,位于动词之后 Don't eat too much. 不要吃得太多。 much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 The computer is much too expensive. 这台电脑太贵了。 【拓展练习】 ①There’s _____D___ ice in the north of China in winter. A．too many B．many too C．much too D．too much ②It is not good to watch ___A_____ TV or play ________ computer games. A．too much; too many B．much too; many too C．too many; too much D．too many; too many 8、It can be very harmful to your health.这可能你的健康是非常有害的。(教材第26页) (1)be harmful to意为“对…有害” e.g. Smoking is harmful to health. 吸烟有害健康。 【拓展】 do harm to对.…有害 e.g. Smoking does harm for your health. 吸烟对你的健康有害。 (2)health名词,意为“健康(状况)”。be in good /poor health 意为“身体好/不好”。 e.g. His father is in good health.他爸爸身体很健康。 【拓展】healthy形容词,意为“健康的”。其反义词 unhealthy 意为“不健康的”,其副词healthily 为“健康地”。 The food looks very healthy. 这个食物看起来很健康。 【拓展练习】 ①Sweets can be ___harmful_____ (harm) to children’s teeth. ②Screen use can do harm to children’s eyes. ③Doing sports is a good way to keep ____healthy____ (health). 9、..stop eating fast food and have breakfast every day.……不要再吃快餐食品了，并且每天都要吃早餐。(教材第26页) 这是一个祈使句。祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求或劝告等。它的主语通常是you(听话人)，常被省略。在肯定句中其动词一律用原形,否定式是在谓语动词前加 Don't. e.g. Stop talking, please.请停止谈话。 e.g. Don't be late for class again!上课不要再迟到了! 【拓展】祈使句的其他类型: Let+sb.+ do sth. Let us go home now.现在让我们回家吧。 ②以 no 开头的禁止型祈使句:No+sth.或No+v.-ing. No photos.禁止拍照。 No smoking,禁止吸烟。 【拓展练习】 A carefully, please! Look at the road sign There is a school ahead. A.Drive B.To drive C.Driving Unit 2 1、I was not feeling very well...我感觉不是很舒服...(教材第28页) well 此处用作形容词,意为“健康的”。在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。 e.g. The girl feels well after taking medicine. 吃了药之后女孩感觉好多了。 【拓展】 well用作副词,意为“好”。常用来修饰动词(短语)，置于其后。 e.g.My brother can play the piano very well. 我哥哥钢琴弹得很好。 【拓展练习】 Gina is a ____B____ volleyball player, and she can play volleyball ________. A．good; good B．good; well C．well; good D．well; well 2、Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day.现在我每天通过遛狗来锻炼身体。(教材第28页) by 此处用作介词,意为“通过”。by后常接名词、代词或动名词形式,表示通过某种方式或手段等。 e.g. We can send the pictures by E-mail. 我们可以通过邮箱发送图片。 e.g.My elder sister learns English by listening to English programme. 我姐姐通过听英文节目学习英语。 【拓展练习】You can improve your English A practicing more. A. by B.with C.of D.in 3、Our teacher decided to start a girls football team and I thought,“What a great idea!"我们的老师决定组建一支女子足球队,当时我想:“多好的主意啊!”(教材第28页) （1）decide 此处用作及物动词,意为“决定,下决心”。 （2）decide 后可跟to do sth.,意为“决定做某事”,decide后不能接动名词。 e.g.She has decided that she will be a teacher in the future. 她已决定将来当一名老师。 e.g. She decided to go to school. 她决定去上学。 【拓展】 （1）decide的名词形式为decision,意为“决心;决定”。make a decision意为“做决定;下决心”。 （2）decide to do sth.相当于make a decision to do sth.. e.g.He decided to study hard. =He made a decision to study hard. 他决定努力学习。 【拓展练习】 ①——Do you have any plans for the coming vacation? ——Sure.We decide D Beijing in July. A.visit B.visiting C.visited D. to visit ②We decided _ _to go______ (go) abroad on vacation. 4、and she also takes part in the training with us.她也和我们一起参加训练。(教材第28页) （1）take part in意为"参加，参与(某事)”,指参加某一活动并在其中起作用。后常接名词、代词或动名词。take an active part in意为“积极参加……”。 Did you take part in the sports meeting? 你参加那场运动会了吗? 【拓展】 join 意为"参加,加入”,指加人某党派、团体、人群等并成为其中的一员,相当于become a member of。常见搭配有: ①“join+ 党派、团体名词"表示加人某一党派或团体。 e.g. He is too young to join the army. 他太年轻了，还不能参军。 ②"join in+某活动"表示参加某活动,相当于take part in。 e.g. He joined in the game.他加入了比赛。 ③join sb.表示加人到某个行列中(一起做某事)。 e.g.I will join you later.我随后就加入你们。 【拓展练习】 ①——Would you like to A the party? ——I’d love to .I always like parties. A. take part in B.join C.join in ②Jack didn’t ____A_____ my birthday party but _________ us for dinner yesterday evening. A．take part in; joined B．join; took part in C．join; take part in D．take part in; join 5、She is in excellent condition too.她的身体状况也很好。(教材第28页) in excellent condition意为“健康状况很好”。 e.g. He is in excellent condition now.他现在健康状况很好。 【拓展】 out of condition意为“健康状况不佳”。 e.g. She didn't go to work yesterday because she was out of condition. 昨天她没有去上班,因为她健康状况不佳。 【拓展练习】 The old man goes for a run every day so he is ___C_____ excellent condition. A．at B．on C．in 6、When I got to work, I always felt very sleepy and I was not happy.上班时,我总感觉很困倦而且不开心。(教材第28页) 辨析:sleepy,sleep与asleep sleepy 形容 意为“想睡的，困的",在句中作表语或定 sleep 不及物动词 意为“睡,睡觉”，表示持续性状态 不可数名词 意为“睡觉;睡眠” asleep 形容词 意为“睡着的,睡熟的",常作表语,不能作定语。fall asleep表示 “入睡"的短暂动作。 【拓展练习】 用 sleepy、 asleep与sleep填空 (1). When I was a small child, my mother often read me some stories before I went to ___sleep_____. (2). The speech was so boring that some people fell ___asleep_____ while listening. (3). Many students aren’t getting enough ___sleep_____ at night, which means they end up feeling __sleepy______ during class. 7、It is my daily exercise.这是我的日常运动。(数材第28页) daily此处用作形容词,意为“每天的;天天的",只用于名词前作定语。 e.g. It is a daily newspaper.这是一份日报。 辨析:daily ,everyday与every day daily 作形容词，意为“每天的;天天的",相当于everyday Running is my daily exercise. 步行是我的日常运动。 作副词,意为“每天”，相当于every day The museum is open daily. 博物馆每天开放。 everyday 形容词,意为“日常的;每天的",只作定语 It's important in my everyday life.这在我的日常生活中很重要 every day 副词短语,意为“每天”，比daily 更口语化 He goes to work by bike every day. 他每天骑自行车去上班。 【拓展练习】 ①The Internet has become part of our daily life. ②Music is an important part of my _____B___ life so I listen to music ________. A．every day, everyday B．everyday, every day C．every day, every day 8、Then a friend suggested,“Why don't we go for a run before school? "于是一位朋友建议说:“我们为什么不在上学前跑步呢?”(教材第28页) （1）“Why don't we/you+动词原形?"意为“我们/你(们)为什么不做某事呢?”,相当于“Why not+动词原形?”。常用于征求意见、提建议。 e.g.Why don't you go to the park with your friend? 为什么不和你的朋友一起去公园呢? e.g.Why not ask the policeman? 为什么不问那个警察呢? 【拓展】 英语中表示提建议的常用句型还有: ①What/How about.... ?….怎么样? e.g. What/How about going fishing? 去钓鱼怎么样? ②Would you like...? 你想...吗? e.g.Would you like something to drink? 来点儿喝的怎么样? ③Let's do...!让我们做...吧! e.g. Let's play a game!让我们做个游戏吧! 【拓展练习】 ①Why don't you _____water______(water)the flowers first? ②It's sunny today. Why don't we ___go_____ (go) swimming? 9、My legs hurt and I am hot all over.我腿痛而且全身发热。(教材第28页) all over 意为“浑身;到处”。 e.g. The boy is wet all over.这个男孩浑身都湿了。 e.g. I want to travel all over the world.我想去环球旅行。 【拓展练习】 Tom浑身上下脏兮兮的。 Tom was dirty ___all_____ ___over_____. 10、Perhaps I am too weak to do any exercise.也许我太虚弱了而不能做任何运动。(教材第28页 (1)perhaps 副词,意为“可能;也许”,常用于句首,表示推测，相当于maybe。 e.g.Perhaps Tom is in his classroom. 也许汤姆在他的教室里。 e.g.Perhaps we can go to the zoo. 或许我们可以去动物园。 (2) too... to... 意为“太……而不能……”,too后跟形容词或副词,to后接动词原形构成动词不定式。在此结构中,还可在to前加for sb. , sb.作动词不定式的逻辑主语。 e.g. It was too dark to see anything in the cave. 在洞里光线太暗,什么也看不到。 e.g. The box was too heavy for me to lift. 箱子太重,我提不起来。 【拓展】 too...to...可与so...that...或not...enough to..互相转换。 车太贵,他买不起。 ① The car is too expensive for him to afford. ②The car is so expensive that he can't afford it. ③ The car is not cheap enough for him to afford. 【拓展练习】 6 . —When will you be back to China? —___A_____ three years later. A．Perhaps B．Finally C．However 语法知识 现在完成时(3) 1.表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今,可能刚刚结束,也可能继续下去。常与for 或since引导的时间状语(从句)连用,用how long 提问,谓语动词用延续性动词。 e.g.How long have you lived here? 你住在这里多久了? e.g.I have lived here for about ten years. 我住在这里大约10年了。 2.短暂性动词的意义及用法英语中有些动词,如 come, go, begin , start , die , buy, borrow, sell 等，被称为短暂性动词。短暂性动词的完成时的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,若与时间段连用通常要借助以下几种方式: (1)用与其意义相对应的“be+形容词或副词”。 begin/start → be on go there → be there come back → be back come here → be here open → be open close → be closed die→be dead marry →be married finish → be over go to bed → be in bed leave→ be away return → be back get out → be out fall asleep→be asleep lose →be lost fall ill →be ill e.g. 这家商店开门6个小时了。 The shop has opened for 6 hours.(x) The shop has been open for 6 hours.(√) (2)用与其意义相对应的延续性动词。 borrow→ keep put on→ wear become → be get to know→ know buy → have (own) catch a cold → have a cold receive→have go to sleep→sleep 如:那本书我借了一个月了。 I have borrowed that book for one month.(x) I have kept that book for one month.(√) 【拓展练习】 1．There was a traffic jam this morning, so when Tina ________ to the airport, the plane ________ for ten minutes. A．got; had been away B．got; had left C．gets; has been away D．gets; has left 2．—Ms White, how long can I _________ the dictionary?   —No rush, take your time! A．have B．borrow C．lend D．keep 3．—Mum, I want to watch Chinese Poetry Conference on CCTV-1 tonight. —Oh, dear. It ________ for nearly twenty minutes. Come on. A．will begin B．will be on C．has begun D．has been on 4．My father is not in Shanghai recently. He ________ home for nearly three weeks. A．has been away from B．has left C．has gone away from D．has left for 5．—Do you like playing table tennis? —Yes. I like playing it very much and I________ the Table Tennis Club of our school for two years. A．have joined B．become a member of C．have entered D．have been in 6．—It is ten years ________ we met each other. —How time flies! I can’t believe that we ________ friends for ten years. A．when; have made B．since; have made C．when; have been D．since; have been 7．Her grandmother ________ since 1999. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．die 参考答案： 1．A 【详解】句意：今天早上交通堵塞，所以当Tina到达机场时，飞机已经离开十分钟了。 考查时态。根据“There was a traffic jam this morning, so…for ten minutes.”可知，空处①指的是早上当Tina到达机场时，时态为一般过去时，故到达用got；由后一句句意可知空处②讲述的是过去的过去发生的事情，所以用过去完成时；由“for then minutes”可知是一段时间，空处②应用延续性动词。故选A。 2．D 【详解】句意：——怀特小姐，这本字典我可以借多久？——不急，慢慢来！ 考查延续性动词以及短暂性动词。have有，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词；lend借出，非延续性动词；keep保留，延续性动词。how long“多久”，与延续性动词一起搭配，排除B和C选项。根据“how long can I … the dictionary”可知，此处指可以保留字典的时段，故选D。 3．D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我今晚想看中央一套的《中国诗词大会》。——哦，亲爱的。它已经开了将近二十分钟了。来吧。 考查动词时态和非延续性动词。begin开始，非延续性动词；be on延续性动词。根据“for nearly twenty minutes. Come on.”可知，设空处应该填表示状态的词，表示节目已经上演了20分钟的持续状态，且该句是现在完成时。故选D。 4．A 【详解】句意：我父亲最近不在上海。他离家近三个星期了。 考查延续性动词。has been away from远离，延续性动词；has left离开，非延续性动词；has gone away from离开，非延续性动词；has left for出发，非延续性动词；根据“recently”和“nearly three weeks”可知，该句是现在完成时，且此处表示动作延续性，因此需使用延续性动词短语has been away from。故选A。 5．D 【详解】句意：——你喜欢打乒乓球吗？——是的，我非常喜欢，我已经加入我们学校的乒乓球俱乐部两年了。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据“for two years”可知，应用现在完成时态，即“have/has done”结构，且动词需用延续性动词。join/enter都是短暂性动词，无法和一段时间连用；be in...表示状态，可以延续。故选D。 6．D 【详解】句意：——自从我们相遇以来已经十年了。——时间过得真快！我不敢相信我们已经做了十年的朋友。 考查状语从句的连词及现在完成时态。when当……时，since自从；have made已经交了，现在完成时，是非延续性动词；have been已经成为，是延续性动词。根据“How time flies!”可知，是说“自从我们相遇已经十年了。”，结合“It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时的句子”可知，第一空用since。根据“for ten years”可知，此句是现在完成时，动词要用延续性动词，主语是we，所以第二空用have been。故选D。 7．C 【详解】句意：她的祖母自1999年以来就去世了。 考查句子时态。根据“Her grandmother…since 1999.”可知，此处指的是她的祖母自1999年就去世了。句子时态应为现在完成时，其谓语部分结构为：have/has done。die“死亡”，为非延续性动词，可以变成其延续性动词“be dead”，句子主语“Her mother”，第三人称单数作主语，助动词应为has，故句子谓语部分应为：has been dead。故选C。 03 素养提升 第一部分 词汇默写 cough n.咳嗽v.咳嗽 fever n.发烧;发热 headache n.头痛 stomach n.腹部;肚子 ache n.痛;疼痛 toothache n.牙痛 ill adj.不健康的;有病的 this pron.这，这个(指刚提到的或显而易见的人、物或事实等) since prep.自……以来conj.自……以来 cold n.感冒;伤风 catch a cold 感冒 take v.(用机器)测定，量取，拍摄(尤指有规律地)吃，喝 take sb.’s temperature量某人的体温 fast food快餐食品 health n.健康(状况) well adj.健康的 heart n.心;心脏 active adj.积极的;活跃的 pet n.宠物;宠畜 member n.成员:会员 take part (in sth.)参加，参与(某事) condition n.状况:身体状况 in excellent condition健康状况很好 sleepy adj.困的;想睡的 then adv.当时;那时 daily adj.每天的;天天的 weak adj.弱的;虚弱的 illness n.病;疾病 exercise v.运动:锻炼 awful adj.极讨厌的:极坏的 feel awful 感到不舒服 all over 浑身:到处 perhaps adv.可能;也许 第二部分 拓展练习 一、根据句意及汉语提示，正确拼写单词 1．Sam (咳嗽) a lot yesterday. He looked terrible. 2．The little girl has a very high (发烧). We must take her to the hospital at once. 3．Nowadays, technology has become an important part of our (每天的；日常的) life. 4．We should do more sports to be in good (条件). 5．She is still (虚弱的) after her illness. 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1．The doctor told the boy to take temperature because he had a cough and headache. (he) 2．I do morning exercise every day. I think it can help me keep in good . (health) 3．She has a (stomach) after drinking something bad. 4．What a bad day! I’m feeling even now after taking the wrong medicine. (ill) 5．Too hot afternoons often make people (sleep) and tired. 三、单项选择 1．Jim, turn off the TV. It ________ for two hours. A．began B．has begun C．was on D．has been on 2．We have been good friends ________. A．last year B．since we met last year C．one year ago D．when we met last year 3．You’d better drink some hot tea with honey when you have a __________. A．sore throat B．sore back C．toothache D．nosebleed 4．I failed in last Math test. So I decide to study harder ________ a better grade next time. A．to get B．getting C．to take D．taking 5．When we are taking a bus, we should ________ the seat to the old on the bus. A．lend B．offer C．take D．bring 6．—Your face looks a bit red. —Yeah, my head feels very hot. Maybe I have a ________. A．stomachache B．toothache C．sore throat D．fever 7．I have a _________. It’s terrible. I can’t really eat anything with my teeth. A．toothache B．fever C．cold D．stomachache 8．Eat less junk food, so you can be in good ________. A．health B．unhealthy C．healthy D．healthily 9．My parents now ________ physics in this key middle school, so they have been here ________ ten years. A．are teaching; by B．teach; for C．have taught; since D．have been taught; by 10．—The food looks ________ and smells ________. —Yes, I just can’t wait to have a taste! A．well; nice B．delicious; good C．nicely; well D．good; nicely 四、补全对话 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Linda. 1 What’s wrong with you? B: I was ill last week. I had to stay at home for several days. A: Oh! 2 Did you see the doctor? B: Yes, I did. I took some medical tests and the doctor told me that I just got a fever. A: I see. How are you feeling now? B: 3 So I am back to school today. A: I think you’d better take more exercise. 4 B: Not yet. What can we do there? A: We can play basketball and swim. B: Sounds interesting. 5 A: It’s only 2 kilometers away from here. B: Great! Let’s go there after school. A．How far is it? B．How do you like it? C．I’m sorry to hear that. D．How long is it open every day? E．I’m feeling better. F．I haven’t seen you for days. G．Have you ever been to the new sports center? 五、阅读理解 A Mary wants to know how to keep healthy. She is reading something about that on the Internet. Here are some of the ideas. Good sleep is important for your health. You need about eight hours’ sleep a night. Don’t eat or read in bed. A cup of milk before sleeping may help you get a good sleep. Go to bed at the same time before midnight and get up at the same time every morning. For more information, please visit www.sleep.com. How often do you exercise? If you want to stay healthy, try to exercise for thirty minutes every day, three or four times a week. For more information, please call Health Line at 180-2000. Studies show that the cold or the flu virus can live on your hands for long, so you should wash your hands often with soap and water. If you want to know more, please call the Health Line at 180-1313. Brush your teeth twice a day and see a dentist at least once a year. The oral examination (口腔检查) is not only for your health of teeth, but also for the whole body. Please visit www.mydr.com for more information. 1．What is the theme (主题) of the passage? A．Health. B．Relationship. C．Food and drinks. D．Sports. 2．How many ideas does the passage talk about? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Which of the following is good for sleep? A．Eating food. B．Reading a book. C．Drinking milk. D．Talking on the phone. 4．Alan wants to know more about health of teeth. What can he do? A．Visit www.sleep.com. B．Visit www.mydr.com. C．Call Health Line at 180-2000. D．Call the Health Line at 180-1313. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． B The simple activities below will make everyone in our family leave the chair and help you get closer while burning some calories (卡路里). RunningRunning burns about 700 calories an hour. When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful views along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything. As we all know, the best thing in life is free. Rope JumpingRope jumping burns 600 calories an hour. They are convenient (方便的) to carry. You can pack one in your bag for exercise wherever you go. And your parents can also take one while they travel. DancingAre you interested in dancing? Why not dance to music at home? Having a family dance party makes parents and children happy and also get some exercise. Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour. Walking a dogIt’s good for your health to walk a dog. One reason may be that you can take more walks when you walk a dog. Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour. If your daily walks have become more like a chore, add some fun. Go with a friend, pick different ways each day, or do some running. 1．Which of the following is not the good points of running? A．It can make your body healthy. B．You don’t need to cost anything. C．You can enjoy fresh air and beautiful views. D．You can pack one in your bag for exercise. 2．Which activity can burn the most calories an hour? A．Running. B．Rope Jumping. C．Dancing. D．Walking a dog. 3．If Mary has hip pop dancing for one hour and a half, how many calories can she burn? A．300. B．400. C．500. D．600. 4．What do the activities above have in common? A．They are not easy to do. B．They can only be done outdoors. C．They can help burning some calories. D．They are not interesting at all. 5．Where can you most probably read the text? A．In a guidebook. B．In a magazine. C．In a storybook. D．In a letter. 参考答案： 一、 1．coughed 【详解】句意：萨姆昨天咳嗽得很厉害。他看起来很糟糕。cough“咳嗽”，根据“yesterday”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填coughed。 2．fever 【详解】句意：这个小女孩发高烧了。我们必须马上带她去医院。fever“发烧”，是名词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填fever。 3．daily/everyday 【详解】句意：如今，科技已经成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分。daily/everyday“每天的；日常的”，形容词作定语。故填daily/everyday。 4．condition 【详解】句意：我们应该做更多的运动来保持良好的状态。根据中文提示，condition“条件”符合语境，in good condition“状况良好”为固定表达。故填condition。 5．weak 【详解】句意：她病后仍然很虚弱。weak“虚弱的”，形容词在句中作表语。故填weak。 二、 1．his 【详解】句意：医生让那个男孩量体温，因为他咳嗽而且头痛。take one’s temperature“量某人的体温”，因此设空处填所给词的形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填his。 2．health 【详解】句意：我每天做早操。我认为它可以帮助我保持健康。此处是短语in good health，表示“身体健康”。故填health。 3．stomachache 【详解】句意：她喝了一些不好的东西后胃疼。根据“She has a…after drinking something bad.”并结合所给词可知，此处应该表达她喝了不好的东西后胃疼，have a stomachache“胃疼”，动词短语。故填stomachache。 4．worse 【详解】句意：多么糟糕的一天！吃错药后，我现在感觉更糟了。ill“生病的”，形容词作表语，even修饰其比较级worse，指吃错药后病得更重了。故填worse。 5．sleepy 【详解】句意：太热的下午常常使人们感到困倦和疲惫。根据题干可知，此处是make sb.+形容词，意为“使某人……”，sleep的形容词是sleepy，意为“困倦的”，符合句意。故填sleepy。 三、 1．D 【详解】句意：吉姆，关掉电视。它已经开了两个小时。 考查现在完成时。根据“for two hours”可知，时态应为现在完成进行时（have/has done），且用延续性动词。begin是非延续性动词，be on是延续性动词。故选D。 2．B 【详解】句意：自从去年见面以来，我们一直是好朋友。 考查现在完成时。根据“have been”可知，主句时态为现在完成时，因此应与since引导的时间状语从句连用。故选B。 3．A 【详解】句意：喉咙痛时，你最好喝点加蜂蜜的热茶。 考查名词辨析。sore throat喉咙痛；sore back背痛；toothache牙疼；nosebleed流鼻血。由“You’d better drink some hot tea with honey”和常识可知，喉咙痛喝热茶会好一点。故选A。 4．A 【详解】句意：我上次数学考试不及格。所以我决定更加努力地学习，以便下次取得更好的成绩。 考查不定式和动词辨析。get获得；take拿。根据“So I decide to study harder...a better grade next time”可知，此处应用不定式表目的；get good grades取得好成绩，故选A。 5．B 【详解】句意：当我们乘坐公交车时，我们应该主动向老人让座。 考查动词辨析。lend借出；offer主动提出、自愿给予，常用结构：offer sth. to sb.意为“主动给某人提供某物”；take带走；bring带来。根据“the seat to the old”并结合选项，此处指“主动让位给老年人”，故选B。 6．D 【详解】句意：——你的脸看起来有点红。——是的，我的头感觉很热。也许我发烧了。 考查名词及名词短语辨析。stomachache胃痛；toothache牙痛；sore throat喉咙痛；fever发烧。根据“my head feels very hot”可知，此处指发烧。故选D。 7．A 【详解】句意：我牙痛。这很糟糕。我真的不能用牙齿吃任何东西。 考查名词辨析。toothache牙痛；fever发烧；cold感冒；stomachache胃痛。根据“I can’t really eat anything with my teeth”可知，是牙痛。故选A。 8．A 【详解】句意：少吃垃圾食品，这样你才能身体健康。 考查词汇辨析。health健康，名词；unhealthy不健康的，形容词；healthy健康的，形容词；healthily健康地，副词。be in good health“身体健康”，介词in后应接名词health作宾语。故选A。 9．B 【详解】句意：我父母现在在这所重点中学教物理，所以他们在这里已经十年了。 考查时态和时间介词。by不迟于……，到……为止；for达，计；since自从。根据语境可知，第一句讲述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语“parents”为复数，谓语用动词原形teach；根据“they have been here...ten years”可知，此处应用“for+时间段”，表示谓语动作持续的时间。故选B。 10．B 【详解】句意：——那些食物看起来很美味，闻起来很香。——是的，我都迫不及待想尝一下了！ 考查形容词作表语。well健康的，形容词，好地，副词；delicious美味的，形容词；nicely很好地，漂亮地，副词；good好的，形容词；nice好的，漂亮的，形容词。look和smell都是感官动词，其后接形容词作表语，排除C和D；look意为“看起来”，其后接delicious表示“看起来很美味”，smell good“闻起来很香”。故选B。 四、 【导语】本文是A与B关于生病以及锻炼身体的对话。 1．根据“ I was ill last week. I had to stay at home for several days.”可知，空处指的是很长时间没有见到对方。选项F“我好几天没见到你了。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“Did you see the doctor? B: Yes, I did. I took some medical tests and the doctor told me that I just got a fever.”可知，空处指的是得知对方生病时的心情。选项C“听到这个消息我很难过。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“How are you feeling now?”及下文“So I am back to school today.”可知，空处指的是感觉不错。选项E“我感觉好多了。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“I think you’d better take more exercise.”及下文“Not yet. What can we do there?”可知，空处询问是否去过某地。选项G“你去过新的体育中心吗？”符合语境。故选G。 5．根据“It’s only 2 kilometers away from here.”可知，空处询问的是距离。选项A“有多远？”符合语境。故选A。 五、 A 【导语】本文讲了玛丽在网上读到的关于保持健康的四种方法：睡好觉、规律运动、勤洗手和注意口腔健康。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段的主题句“Mary wants to know how to keep healthy.”和后面四段内容可知文章是围绕如何保持健康来讲的，选项A的“健康”符合题意。故选A。 2．推理判断题。第二至五段分别谈论了睡眠、运动、卫生和口腔四个与健康有关的方面，所以选项C的“四个”符合题意。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段的“A cup of milk before sleeping may help you get a good sleep.”可知喝牛奶有助睡眠，C选项的“喝牛奶”符合题意。故选C。 4．细节理解题。文章第五段是讲口腔健康的，根据“Please visit www.mydr.com for more information.”可知访问 “www.mydr.com”网站可以获得更多信息。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。文章第一段讲玛丽在网上查寻如何保持健康，第二至四段分别讲了睡眠、运动、卫生和口腔四个对健康重要的方面，文章是总分结构，选项B符合题意。故选B。 B 【导语】本文介绍了简单的活动让我们家里的每个人都离开椅子，帮助我们在燃烧卡路里的同时让家人更亲近。 1．细节理解题。根据“When you run, you can not only enjoy fresh air and beautiful views along the way, but also make your body healthy. You don’t need to cost anything.”可知，当你跑步的时候，你不仅可以享受沿途的新鲜空气和美丽的景色，还可以使你的身体健康，你不需要付出任何代价，因此D项“你可以在包里装一个用来锻炼”不是跑步的好处。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Running burns about 700 calories an hour.”可知，跑步每小时燃烧大约700卡路里。根据“Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour.”可知，跳绳每小时燃烧600卡路里。根据“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约400卡路里。根据“Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour.”可知，遛狗一小时能燃烧200卡路里。因此跑步一小时能燃烧最多的卡路里，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约400卡路里。如果玛丽跳嘻哈舞跳了一个半小时，400+200=600，因此她燃烧600卡路里，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Running burns about 700 calories an hour.”可知，跑步每小时燃烧大约700卡路里。根据“Rope jumping burns 600 calories an hour.”可知，跳绳每小时燃烧600卡路里。根据“Hip hop dancing can burn about 400 calories an hour.”可知，跳嘻哈舞一小时可以燃烧大约400卡路里。根据“Walking the dog can burn 200 calories an hour.”可知，遛狗一小时能燃烧200卡路里。因此这些活动都帮助燃烧一些卡路里，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“The simple activities below will make everyone in our family leave the chair and help you get closer while burning some calories (卡路里).”可知，本文介绍了一些简单的可以燃烧卡路里的活动，因此摘自杂志，故选B。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$