第二部分 专题三 知识必备与命题点 形容词和副词的比较等级-【一战成名新中考】2025河南中考英语（课标版）·一轮复习·教材精讲练优质课件PPT

英语 1 2 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题三 形容词和副词 知识必备 3 1.形容词、副词的句法功能 词性 句法功能 位置 例句 形容 词 作定语 名词前或复合 不定代词后 It’s a good time to fly kites. I want to watch something interesting. 作表语 系动词后 We keep healthy by doing exercise every day. 作补足语 代词或名词后 I find it difficult to learn English well. 4 词性 句法功能 位置 例句 形容 词 作状语 句首、句末或 句中独立存在 She rushed out of the room, nervous and pale. 副词 作状语，修饰动词、形 容词或句子等 句首、句中、 句末 Luckily, he didn’t hurt himself. I often go to the countryside at weekends. 5 词性 句法功能 位置 例句 副词 作表语，此类副词多为 表地点的副词及某些与 介词同形的副词 be动词后 Is anyone upstairs? He is here. 作定语 名词（短语） 后 The room upstairs is yours. 作补足语，能用作表语 的副词都可作补足语 名词或代词后 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 6 2.中考常见的副词分类 3.形容词短语归纳——见《晨读词句篇》P96 7 命题点 形容词和副词的比较等级 8 （语篇填空第一节：10年7考; 语篇填空第二节：2021.70） 考点精讲 1.比较等级的用法 （1）原级的用法 用法 例句 1. 描述人物、事物、动作或行为的性质 或特征, 如： “A+be/实义动词 +so/very/too/quite+原级”表示“如此/非常 /太/相当……” The temperature is too high. The wind blows so heavily. 9 用法 例句 2. “A+be/实义动词+as+原级+as+B”表示 “A和B一样……” She is as tall as her mother. She jumps as high as her brother. 3. “A+be+not+so/as+原级+as+B”或 “A+do/does/did/have/has/had/情态动词 +not+实义动词+ so/as+原级+as+B”表示 “A不如B……” Jack is not so/as tall as Jim. I don't write so/as fast as you. 4. “A+be/实义动词+倍数+as+原级 +as+B”表示“A是B的……倍……” My room is twice as big as his. 10 （2）比较级的用法 用法 例句 1. “A+be/实义动词+比较级 +than+B”表示“A比B……” （2023.61，2022.65） My bike is more beautiful than hers. The trees grow faster than the grass. 2. “A+be/实义动词+less+多音节 形容词/副词原级+than+B”表示 “A不及B……” I am less careful than you. She wrote less carefully than you. 11 用法 例句 3. “Which/Who+be/实义动词+比 较级, A or B？”表示“A、B两者 中,哪一个/谁更……？” Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth？ Which flies higher, the butterfly or the dragonfly? 4. “比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+多音节形容词/副词原 级”表示“越来越……”（2021.70） Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. The sun rises higher and higher. 12 用法 例句 5. “the+比较级…, the+比较级…” 表示“越……,（就）越……” The harder he works, the more he will get. 6. “A+be/实义动词+倍数+比较级 +than+B”表示“A是B的…… 倍……” My house is three times bigger than yours. 13 用法 例句 7. “A+be/实义动词+比较级+than +any other+可数名词数”=“A+be/ 实义动词+比较级+than+the other +可数名词复数”表示“A比其他任何一个……都……”（比较级结构表示最高级含义） He is taller than any other boy in his class.=He is taller than the other boys in his class. 14 1.当形容词或副词由表示程度的副词（词组）a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far等修饰时, 常用比较级形式（10年3考）。如：It is even colder today. 2.表示“（两者之中）较……一个”时, 常用“the+比较级（+of the two）”结 构。如：My elder brother is the taller of the two students. 15 （3）最高级的用法 用法 例句 1. “A+be+the+最高级+可数名词单数 +范围”或“A+实义动词（+the）+最高 级+范围”表示“A是……中最……” I am the tallest student in my class. The light runs （the） fastest of all the things. 2. “A+be+one of the+形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数”表示“A是最……的 ……之一”（2024.65，2021.56） He is one of the best players. 16 用法 例句 3. “A+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级 +名词+范围”表示“A是……中第 几……的……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 4. “Which/Who+be/实义动词（+the） +最高级， A, B or C?”表示“A、 B、C三者中，哪个最……?” Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth？ 17 1.三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。 2.形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词、 指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不再加定冠词the。副词最高级前可以不 用the。如： This picture is the best of all. She is my best friend. He draws （the） most wonderfully. 18 2.比较等级的变化规则——记背版见《晨读词句篇》P104 （1）规则变化 类别 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节 词和少 数双音 节词 直接在词尾加-er, - est ①deep ②long _______ _______ ________ ________ 以e结尾的加-r, -st ③nice ④large ______ _______ _______ _______ deeper longer deepest longest nicer larger nicest largest 19 类别 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节 词和少 数双音 节词 以重读闭音节结 尾，且词尾只有一 个辅音字母， 则双 写这一辅音字母， 再加-er, -est ⑤big ⑥hot _______ _______ ________ ________ 辅音字母加y结尾, 先变y为i,再加-er, - est ⑦happy ⑧healthy ________ _________ _________ __________ bigger hotter biggest hottest happier healthier happiest healthiest 20 类别 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 多音节 词和部 分双音 节词 在词前加 more, the most ⑨important ⑩careful ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ _______________ _______________ _______________ ___________________________________ more important more careful the most important the most careful 21 （2）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 ①good/well _______ _____ ②bad/badly _______ _______ ③many/much ______ ______ ④little _____ ______ ⑤far _______________ ________________ ⑥old ___________ ____________ better best worse worst more most less least farther/further farthest/furthest older/elder oldest/eldest ▶更多形容词和副词的比较等级变化——见《词汇分层练》P139 22 考点精练 一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子 clean cold well fast wise 1.My grandparents moved to the countryside. They believe much ________ air is good for their health. 2.He was chosen to volunteer at the business fair. Nobody speaks English _______ than him. cleaner better 3.Bruce is tall and strong. He usually runs the_______ in our team. fastest 4.The more you read, the ______ you will be. 5.The weather in January here is not as _____ as that in the north. wiser cold 23 long high crowded hard politely cheap 6.It was difficult for us to breathe, because the _______ we climbed, the thinner the air became. 7.The salesman showed him several mobile phones and he chose the _________ one, for he didn't have too much money. 8.My sister is better at drawing than me because she practices it much ________. higher cheapest harder 24 9.The street is not as _________ as you think at this time. You can get to school quickly before 8:00. 10.Jack is chosen as “the Star of Politeness” because he speaks more ________ than the other students in his class. 11.It is known that the Yangtze River is the third ________ river in the world. crowded politely longest 25 colorful clearly quickly happy early young much 12.Compared with newspapers or TV, the Internet offers people ______ information. 13.The teacher spoke as _______ as she could to make the students understand her. 14.Helen is the _________ person in her family. Her two elder sisters are both married. 15.Our school life has become more ________ than before because of all kinds of after-school activities. more clearly youngest colorful 26 16.It’s one of the _________ things in the world to stay with our family members. 17.The _______ kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future． 18.Daniel asked the taxi driver to drive a little more ________ because he had to catch the last train. happiest earlier quickly 27 二、语篇填空第一节——方框选词 Passage 1 good heavy warm hard friendly Yesterday, our final exam grades came out. My grades were not good, so I walked home more 1.________ than usual. My neighbor’s boy is my classmate, whose grades were 2._______ than mine. I was worried that my mother would punish me. She was always strict in my study. When I got home, I told my mother about it, but she encouraged me instead and gave heavily better 28 me the 3._________ hug in my memory. I promised my mother that I would become more excellent. Mom said she trusted me and was even more patient with and 4.__________ to me. From then on, I decided to study 5.________ than before, and I was full of confidence. warmest friendlier harder Passage 2 high cold good early lucky hard expensive difficult bad Andrew recently experienced the most amazing trip of his life. He successfully climbed Mount Kilimanjaro, the 6.________ mountain in Africa. Although his plane ticket was 7._______________ than a ticket to England, he was excited that he went on this journey. Compared with the mountains near his city, Mount Kilimanjaro is much 8.______________ to climb. It is important to choose the right time to visit highest more expensive more difficult 30 as 9.______ as possible. From March to June, there is a lot of snow and rain, making mountain climbing a dangerous activity. He was 10.______ enough to visit it in January, and the weather was mostly fine. But in fact, the weather in his hometown was 11._______ than that on Mount Kiliman- jaro on most days. So he had long been used to all kinds of weather conditions. early lucky worse The climb itself was challenging in both physical and mental strength. The higher he climbed, the 12._______ it became. He was not the 13.____ climber in his group, but he still decided to reach the top. He pushed himself 14.________ than he ever had before and he made it successfully. At that moment, the beautiful views and the sense of achievement made it worth it. harder colder best $$