精品解析：云南师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期教学质量检测（三）英语试题

2024~2025学年高二年级教学质量监测卷 (三) 英语 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后， 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which door does the woman want to make wider? A. The one to the outside. B. The one to the dining room. C. The one to the family room. 2. Who might Christine be? A. Max’s teacher. B. Max’s sister. C. Max’s mom. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. A book. B. A movie. C. A war. 4. What will the woman have with her hamburger? A. Soup. B. French fries. C. Salad. 5. What does the woman say about the new dress? A. Its color is not her favorite. B. It goes well with her handbag. C. It’s a bit wide around her waist. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟； 听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why did the man buy Coca-Cola? A. For drinking. B. For watering plants. C. For cleaning metal. 7 How will the man clean the dishes? A. With mustard. B. With water only. C. With some orange stuff. 听下面一段对话， 回答第8 至第10 三个小题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An event they are attending. B. Things they bought yesterday. C. The movie they will watch tonight. 9. How will the woman get to Laura’s house? A. She will take a taxi. B. She will go there by bus. C. She will ask her mom to drive her there. 10. What will the speakers do after dinner? A. Go to the mall. B. Go to an appointment. C. Watch a DVD. 听下面一段对话， 回答第11 至第13 三个小题。 11. What does the man think about buying foreign brands? A. Nothing can beat an iPhone. B. It’s better to support local companies. C. Foreign companies make better products. 12. Which brand does the woman like best? A. Lenovo. B. Samsung. C. Apple. 13. What kind of job does the man want to do? A. Phone salesman. B. Software engineer. C. University professor. 听下面一段对话， 回答第14 至第17 四个小题。 14. What sport does the man like best? A. Volleyball. B. Soccer. C. Basketball. 15. What kind of music does the man like? A. Classical music. B. Pop music. C. Jazz. 16. What does the man do with friends to keep friendship? A. He hangs out with them. B. He plays sports with them. C. He shares music with them. 17. When will the woman’s movie begin? A. At 2: 30 p. m. B. At 3: 30 p. m. C. At 3: 00 p. m. 听下面一段独白， 回答第18 至第20 三个小题。 18 How is the news being broadcast? A. Over the Internet. B. Over the radio. C. On TV. 19. Which city is the weather report mainly about? A. Hong Kong. B. Shanghai. C. Guangzhou. 20. When will the heavy rains move north? A. In May. B. In July. C. In August. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Interesting Science Museums Polytechnic Museum, Russia For many guests of the capital, some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls — Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition (博览会) is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division “Technoplay” is open, where you not only can but also need to touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museum’s experts will show many entertaining experiments. Eureka, England The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. In the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there. Deutsches Museum, Germany In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills (风车) to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children — there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three. NEMO, the Netherlands The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion (沉浸) in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents — it will be interesting to all. 1. What is special about the Polytechnic Museum in Russia? A. It exhibits the history of the bike. B. It has the most interactive exhibits in Russia. C. It provides personal experiments by experts for free. D. It presents a wide range of exhibits about the human body. 2. Which museum has rooms specially arranged for kids? A. Polytechnic Museum, Russia. B. Eureka, England. C. Deutsches Museum, Germany. D. NEMO, the Netherlands. 3. What do the NEMO Museum and the Polytechnic Museum have in common? A. They both present information in the form of games. B. They both allow visitors to touch the exhibits. C. They are both for children from 6 to 16. D. They both have a botanical garden. B On July 14, 2017, Maryam Mirzakhani, Stanford professor of mathematics and the first female winner of the Fields Medal in Mathematics, died at the age of 40. The news was especially hard-hitting for a generation of younger academics who have always held Maryam to be a role model whose example is helping redefine (重新定义) women’s status in science and especially in mathematics. What was fun was that Maryam always tried to avoid the media’s spotlight. Despite being the first woman to gain such high status in the world of mathematics — winning what’s often called the “Nobel Prize of Math” — her modesty and simplicity stood out to those who knew her. Maryam initially wanted to be a novelist, creating great works like Margaret Mitchell, and her passion never faded away even during her postgraduate studies. However, she found an even greater joy in how rewarding it felt to solve mathematical problems. As a student, she was the first female member of Iran’s national team to participate in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), and she won two gold medals in two years, which is still a record. She received her bachelor’s degree in Iran and later studied at Harvard. In 2014, Maryam was recognized with the Fields Medal, the highest-ranking award in mathematics. Her work focused on curved surfaces like spheres (球体). Her achievements have applications in other scientific fields including engineering and material science. Unfortunately, at that time she was already fighting against breast cancer. Maryam’s legend may continue to grow after her early death. Still only 20 percent of full-time math teachers at U. S. universities are women. The example of a woman who rose to the top of this still very male field may help inspire math’s next generation. In the same way people think of Marie Curie or Jane Goodall as scientific pioneers, Maryam Mirzakhani will go down in history as a pioneer as well as a mathematical genius. 4. Why did Maryam Mirzakhani’s death shock younger academics? A. She was the most famous Stanford professor. B. She was a pioneer in many scientific fields. C. She was the first person to win the Fields Medal. D. She was a role model redefining the position of women in math. 5. What did Maryam originally want to be? A. A mathematician. B. A writer. C. A teacher. D. An engineer. 6. What can we infer from the text about Maryam’s work? A. It was only about spheres. B. It was only recognized in medicine. C. It had no practical applications. D. It had an impact on other scientific fields. 7. What does the author imply according to Paragraph 5? A. Maryam’s example may encourage more women to enter math. B. It’s easy for women to become math teachers in the U. S. C. Math is a difficult subject for women to teach. D. Math teachers in the U. S. are all men. C The summer sun beat down as we scanned for birds. “There,” whispered my nine-year-old son. “A pair is coming.” The red-fronted macaws (红额金刚鹦鹉) were worth the wait. Like many other members of the parrot family, red-fronted macaws have suffered from habitat loss, illegal hunting for the pet trade and conflicts with farmers who kill them for stealing crops. In 2013 only about 600 red-fronted macaws remained. Luckily, innovative conservation agreements that improve rural landowners’ livelihoods are creating a brighter future for red-fronted macaws as well as the forests they depend on. Bolivian farmers now see the bird as a favor rather than a burden, and a valuable resource worth protecting. In 2006, a Bolivian bird conservation organization, Armonía, showed the communities they could make more reliable income by offering tourists the chance to watch these beautiful birds. It helped the communities set up the 50-hectare Red-Fronted Macaw Community Reserve and build an ecolodge (生态小屋) that can house up to 14 guests. In 2023 the communities earned $25,000 in profits from the ecolodge. The result? People equate (同等看待) protecting endangered species with protecting their own livelihood. “Taking care of the red-fronted macaw can solve problems for the communities,” explains a coordinator (协调员). Fundación Natura Bolivia monitors conserved forests by employing local farmers and using camera traps. Centering nature preservation in income generation means people are “starting to respect the species”, the coordinator says, and “starting to find solutions to the conflict and solutions to make more income through macaw-friendly models”. “Instead of just continuously expanding and expanding and expanding, we need to use efficient and smart agricultural models to produce food for the nation, but at the same time share that habitat with species,” he says. “We need to make people aware of the jewels they have in their backyard instead of continuously fighting with nature.” Local families now help monitor wildlife, build new nest boxes and restore habitat within the reserve. 8. What does the author try to do in Paragraph 1? A. Express the main idea of the article. B. Describe his relationship with his son. C. Show his love of red-fronted macaws. D. Introduce the topic of the whole passage. 9. How do Bolivian farmers think of red-fronted macaws at present? A. They are a heavy burden. B. They often damage their crops. C They bring great benefits. D. They are in danger of dying out. 10. How is the third paragraph organized? A. By listing numbers. B. By making comparisons. C. By explaining reasons. D. By analyzing an experiment. 11. What does the coordinator suggest doing? A. Learning to be in harmony with nature. B. Expanding the farmlands continuously. C. Raising red-fronted macaws in backyards. D. Producing food in a traditional agricultural way. D Nowadays, it’s easier than ever to help family, friends, and even strangers in times of need. But it’s also easy to look the other way. In a new study, Boyer, a professor at Washington University, tested subjects with a variety of fictitious (虚构的) stories describing cases of misfortune, such as someone in a car accident while texting and driving and someone attacked by a bear while hiking. Participants thought the stories were real, but each scene was carefully designed to test a person’s empathy and willingness to help. After reading each story, test subjects were asked to rate (评分) the character of the victim and their responsibility for the misfortune. In some experiments, participants were advised to donate their total reward (60 cents) for participating in the study to help the victim. In others, they were asked if they would be willing to help the person with their own money. Results suggested a general lack of generosity. For example, participants in one experiment offered to donate an average of about 15 cents to the victim, less than a third of the maximum amount possible. A closer look at the data across multiple experiments showed a trend: the more character faults participants saw in a victim, the less willing they were to donate. “They’re saying that the victim doesn’t deserve help,” Boyer says. The finding goes against a long-held assumption about human nature. In the 1960s, psychologists (心理学家) suggested people were unwilling to help victims of misfortune based on a belief that the world was fair and bad things only happened to bad people. Instead of making a general assumption that all victims somehow deserve their misfortune people try to find fault in each victim on specific cases. Boyer says. “If I tell you a person was burned in a kitchen fire, you’ll be sympathetic at first, but it’s very likely you or someone else will at some point suggest he must have been doing something stupid. It’s a classic example of reproaching the victim,” he says. 12. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The result of the new study. B. The process of the new study. C. The purpose of the new study. D. The background of the new study. 13. What did the new study show? A. Misfortune often happens to bad guys. B. Not all victims deserve kind assistance. C. People are not as generous as we thought. D. People are more willing to help strangers. 14. Which word can replace the underlined word “reproaching”? A. Helping. B. Blaming. C. Changing. D. Affecting. 15. In which part of a magazine will you most probably read this passage? A. Science. B. Fashion. C. Technology. D. Culture. 第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting a good night’s sleep is one of the most important things you can do for yourself. ___16___. And we also collected all the most reliable tips for better sleep. ___17___. As well as relaxing you, a bath also raises your body temperature. Afterwards, your body temperature cools down rapidly, which can increase feelings of sleepiness. Pick a comfortable sleep position. Changing your sleeping position can make a huge difference in the quality of your sleep. When you go to sleep or if you wake up in the middle of the night, try to follow these guidelines until it becomes habitual: try sleeping on your side with a small pillow between your knees. ___18___. Reduce your light exposure an hour or two before going to bed. ___19___. It’s one of the primary clues to the body that it’s either sleep time or waking time according to the light. Turn off all sources of light in your bedroom. This includes windows, LED clocks, computer lights and other devices with lights. Eat properly before you go to bed. Eat dinner at least three hours before bedtime. ___20___. We know that the heavier the meal, the longer it takes for your stomach to settle down. At the same time, avoid going to bed on an empty stomach. A completely empty stomach may affect your sleeping patterns just as much as going to bed with a full stomach. A. Avoid reading books in bright light B. A full stomach may disrupt your sleep C. Thus we performed the research for you D. Relax in a nice warm bath in the evening E. Sleep on your back is recommended by many experts F. Bright light before bedtime can make your body’s inner clock out of order G. Experts consider this position to be one of the best for neck and back pain 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he raced in international ___21___ competitions. While taking part in an important ___22___ in 1987, Kierman began to notice the huge amount of ___23___ in the world’s oceans. He decided to do something about it. He ___24___ a community event called“Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January 8,1989, more than 40,000 ___25___ came out to clear away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean-up a ___26___ event, which turned out to be a huge ___27___. Across Australia, about 300,000 people spent the day ___28___ their local environment. Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got ___29___ year by year. In 2002, for example, 800,000 people ___30___ up almost 1,500 tons of rubbish from Australia’s beaches, parks and streets. ___31___ by the success of his project, Kierman started an even bigger program. With the ___32___ of the United Nations Environment Program, he ___33___“Clean Up the World” to other parts of the world. “Clean Up the World” has been growing ___34___ and his wonderful idea has now ___35___ from one country to the whole world. 21. A. jumping B. sailing C. skating D. driving 22. A. race B. party C. lecture D. discussion 23. A. visitors B. shells C. fish D. rubbish 24. A. recognized B. awarded C. organized D. convinced 25. A. volunteers B. students C. workers D. women 26. A. global B. worldwide C. national D. natural 27. A. success B. competition C. expense D. parade 28. A. decorating B. improving C. ruining D. linking 29. A. bigger B. easier C. simpler D. severer 30. A. fed B. used C. gave D. cleaned 31. A. Frustrated B. Discouraged C. Puzzled D. Inspired 32. A. respect B. aid C. exchange D. hope 33. A. introduced B. ordered C. instructed D. explained 34. A. occasionally B. barely C. rapidly D. warmly 35. A. decreased B. left C. escaped D. spread 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mr. Chen Si, known ___36___ the Angel of Nanjing, has volunteered to walk on the Yangtze Bridge every day, and over the years, he has saved more than 400 people from committing suicide (自杀). As one of the most famous bridges in the country, it is also a ___37___ (popularity) location to commit suicide. Every day there are people wandering along ___38___ (it) sidewalk without a purpose, and Chen talks with them to test whether or not they are potential jumpers. It is reported that this started for Chen back in 2000, when he ___39___ (see) a desperate-looking girl walking ___40___ (aimless) on the bridge. He was worried something might happen to her, so he brought lunch for her ___41___ started to chat with her. He eventually bought ___42___ bus ticket for her to go home, but realized that this was something that must be happening all the time. For the past years, he’s crossed the bridge 10 times a day on his e-bike, ___43___ (wear) his red jacket with the words “Cherish All Life” written across the back. “People with an extreme internal struggle don’t have relaxed body ___44___ (movement), so their bodies look heavy,” Chen said. His story was made into a documentary ____45____ won a half-dozen awards. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华， 你的加拿大笔友 Chris将有机会作为交换生来中国西安留学一年。他担心不适应中国的生活习惯， 因此向你咨询一些问题。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 分析来中国学习的好处及可能遇到的问题； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My brother Brandon and I had always wanted a pet dog. This Christmas, we opened all of the packages under the Christmas tree. All that was left was an envelope. We knew that envelopes usually contained cards, and if we were lucky they also contained gift cards or cash. My dad looked almost like he’d forgotten about the envelope as he casually handed it to me. I broke its seal and discovered inside a 3x5 card with a border of glitter surrounding a poem. Of course, I didn’t remember the poem by heart, but its mysterious rhyming message instructed us to go downstairs. We were excited. What we found downstairs was another envelope, containing another card with a border of glitter surrounding a poem. This poem told us to go to Dad’s car. There was just another envelope containing another glittery card in his car. This one told us to go to Mom’s office downtown. Neither of us was old enough to drive. This meant we had to beg our parents to hurry up and get dressed and finish drinking their coffee and get going. They took forever. Eventually, we made it to Mom’s office where we found a poem telling us to go somewhere else. This time it was to the TV station where Dad worked. By now, our curiosity was stretched to the limits of our imaginations. Were we meeting someone famous? Were we going to be on TV? It absolutely didn’t make sense to keep a pet dog at the studio because Dad had a desk in an open area shared with other reporters. We soon found out, however, that such a desk was a lovely place to keep a 3x5 card complete with glitter and a poem. The instruction in this poem confused us more than any other. It told us to go to an unfamiliar address. Fortunately for us, our parents knew how to get there. The car stopped in front of the unknown house. It felt like the end of the hunt. My dad handed us the final envelope. The final poem told us to knock on the door and say, “Merry Christmas! Is Humphrey here?” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We didn’t know who would answer the door, and we didn’t know what Humphrey was. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ And then I saw something coming toward us at top speed: a cloud of white fur. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1~5 CBACB 6~10 CAABC 11~15 BCBCA 16~20 ACACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024~2025学年高二年级教学质量监测卷 (三) 英语 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号、准考证号在答题卡上填写清楚。 2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后， 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Which door does the woman want to make wider? A. The one to the outside. B. The one to the dining room. C. The one to the family room. 2. Who might Christine be? A. Max’s teacher. B. Max’s sister. C. Max’s mom. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. A book. B. A movie. C. A war. 4. What will the woman have with her hamburger? A. Soup. B. French fries. C. Salad. 5. What does the woman say about the new dress? A. Its color is not her favorite. B. It goes well with her handbag. C. It’s a bit wide around her waist. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟； 听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why did the man buy Coca-Cola? A. For drinking. B. For watering plants. C. For cleaning metal. 7. How will the man clean the dishes? A. With mustard. B. With water only. C. With some orange stuff. 听下面一段对话， 回答第8 至第10 三个小题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An event they are attending. B. Things they bought yesterday. C. The movie they will watch tonight. 9. How will the woman get to Laura’s house? A. She will take a taxi. B. She will go there by bus. C. She will ask her mom to drive her there. 10. What will the speakers do after dinner? A. Go to the mall. B. Go to an appointment. C. Watch a DVD. 听下面一段对话， 回答第11 至第13 三个小题。 11. What does the man think about buying foreign brands? A. Nothing can beat an iPhone. B. It’s better to support local companies. C Foreign companies make better products. 12. Which brand does the woman like best? A. Lenovo. B. Samsung. C. Apple. 13. What kind of job does the man want to do? A. Phone salesman. B. Software engineer. C. University professor. 听下面一段对话， 回答第14 至第17 四个小题。 14. What sport does the man like best? A. Volleyball. B. Soccer. C. Basketball. 15 What kind of music does the man like? A. Classical music. B. Pop music. C. Jazz. 16. What does the man do with friends to keep friendship? A. He hangs out with them. B. He plays sports with them. C. He shares music with them. 17. When will the woman’s movie begin? A. At 2: 30 p. m. B. At 3: 30 p. m. C. At 3: 00 p. m. 听下面一段独白， 回答第18 至第20 三个小题。 18. How is the news being broadcast? A. Over the Internet. B. Over the radio. C. On TV. 19. Which city is the weather report mainly about? A. Hong Kong. B. Shanghai. C. Guangzhou. 20. When will the heavy rains move north? A. In May. B. In July. C. In August. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Interesting Science Museums Polytechnic Museum, Russia For many guests of the capital, some of the most vivid childhood memories are associated with this museum. A variety of technical fields are presented in 65 halls — Mining, Space, Energy, and Transportation, etc. And the exposition (博览会) is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike. The interactive division “Technoplay” is open, where you not only can but also need to touch most of the exhibits with your hands. In addition to self-experimentation, for personal requests the museum’s experts will show many entertaining experiments. Eureka, England The Eureka educational center is a huge complex where modern science and technology are becoming clear, even to kids. The main exhibition is devoted to the human body, the laws of physics and natural things. Visitors can obtain energy or create paper with their own hands. In the area of the Eureka educational park there is a botanical garden and a collection of minerals from the rock types of Finland is presented there. Deutsches Museum, Germany In this museum you can see more than 100 thousand different items from windmills (风车) to medical equipment. All aspects of industrial production appear before the eyes. Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children — there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three. NEMO, the Netherlands The largest Dutch research centre stands ready to share its secrets with everyone. This immersion (沉浸) in the world of science and technology will not be dull. All significant information is presented in the form of exciting games. All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything. The museum is for children from 6 to 16, as well as for their parents — it will be interesting to all. 1. What is special about the Polytechnic Museum in Russia? A. It exhibits the history of the bike. B. It has the most interactive exhibits in Russia. C. It provides personal experiments by experts for free. D. It presents a wide range of exhibits about the human body. 2. Which museum has rooms specially arranged for kids? A. Polytechnic Museum, Russia. B. Eureka, England. C. Deutsches Museum Germany. D. NEMO, the Netherlands. 3. What do the NEMO Museum and the Polytechnic Museum have in common? A. They both present information in the form of games. B. They both allow visitors to touch the exhibits. C. They are both for children from 6 to 16. D. They both have a botanical garden. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个有趣的科学博物馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“And the exposition (博览会) is the only museum project in Russia about the history of the bike.(这个展览是俄罗斯唯一一个关于自行车历史的博物馆项目)”可知，在俄罗斯的Polytechnic博物馆展示自行车的历史。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Several museum rooms are arranged especially for children—there are exhibits that entertain kids starting from three.(有几个博物馆房间是专门为孩子们安排的，里面有适合三岁以上孩子的展品)”可知，德国的Deusches博物馆有专门为孩子们安排的房间。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The interactive division “Technoplay” is open, where you not only can but also need to touch most of the exhibits with your hands.( 互动部“Technoplay”是开放的，在那里你不仅可以而且需要用手触摸大部分展品)”和最后一段“All exhibits are interactive; visitors are allowed to touch, pull and press on anything.(所有展览都是互动的；参观者可以触摸、拉、按任何东西)”可知，Polytechic博物馆和Nemo博物馆都允许游客触摸展品。故选B。 B On July 14, 2017, Maryam Mirzakhani, Stanford professor of mathematics and the first female winner of the Fields Medal in Mathematics, died at the age of 40. The news was especially hard-hitting for a generation of younger academics who have always held Maryam to be a role model whose example is helping redefine (重新定义) women’s status in science and especially in mathematics. What was fun was that Maryam always tried to avoid the media’s spotlight. Despite being the first woman to gain such high status in the world of mathematics — winning what’s often called the “Nobel Prize of Math” — her modesty and simplicity stood out to those who knew her. Maryam initially wanted to be a novelist, creating great works like Margaret Mitchell, and her passion never faded away even during her postgraduate studies. However, she found an even greater joy in how rewarding it felt to solve mathematical problems. As a student, she was the first female member of Iran’s national team to participate in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO), and she won two gold medals in two years, which is still a record. She received her bachelor’s degree in Iran and later studied at Harvard. In 2014, Maryam was recognized with the Fields Medal, the highest-ranking award in mathematics. Her work focused on curved surfaces like spheres (球体). Her achievements have applications in other scientific fields including engineering and material science. Unfortunately, at that time she was already fighting against breast cancer. Maryam’s legend may continue to grow after her early death. Still only 20 percent of full-time math teachers at U. S. universities are women. The example of a woman who rose to the top of this still very male field may help inspire math’s next generation. In the same way people think of Marie Curie or Jane Goodall as scientific pioneers, Maryam Mirzakhani will go down in history as a pioneer as well as a mathematical genius. 4. Why did Maryam Mirzakhani’s death shock younger academics? A. She was the most famous Stanford professor. B. She was a pioneer in many scientific fields. C. She was the first person to win the Fields Medal. D. She was a role model redefining the position of women in math. 5. What did Maryam originally want to be? A. A mathematician. B. A writer. C. A teacher. D. An engineer. 6. What can we infer from the text about Maryam’s work? A. It was only about spheres. B. It was only recognized in medicine. C. It had no practical applications. D. It had an impact on other scientific fields. 7. What does the author imply according to Paragraph 5? A. Maryam’s example may encourage more women to enter math. B. It’s easy for women to become math teachers in the U. S. C. Math is a difficult subject for women to teach. D. Math teachers in the U. S. are all men. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学数学教授、首位获得菲尔兹数学奖的女性玛丽亚姆·米尔扎哈尼的生平事迹和成就，以及她对年轻一代学者，尤其是女性在数学领域的影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The news was especially hard-hitting for a generation of younger academics who have always held Maryam to be a role model whose example is helping redefine (重新定义) women’s status in science and especially in mathematics. (这个消息对年轻一代学者来说尤其打击沉重，他们一直认为玛丽亚姆是一个榜样，她的榜样正在帮助重新定义女性在科学，尤其是数学中的地位。)”可知，玛丽亚姆·米尔扎哈尼的去世让年轻学者感到震惊是因为她是重新定义女性在数学领域地位的榜样。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Maryam initially wanted to be a novelist, creating great works like Margaret Mitchell, and her passion never faded away even during her postgraduate studies. (玛丽亚姆最初想成为一名小说家，创作出像玛格丽特·米切尔那样的伟大作品，即使在研究生学习期间，她的热情也从未消退。)”可知，玛丽亚姆最初想成为一名作家。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Her achievements have applications in other scientific fields including engineering and material science. (她的成就应用于其他科学领域，包括工程学和材料科学。)”可知，玛丽亚姆的工作对其他科学领域产生了影响。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Still only 20 percent of full-time math teachers at U. S. universities are women. The example of a woman who rose to the top of this still very male field may help inspire math’s next generation. (在美国大学的全职数学教师中，女性仍只占20%。一位女性在这个仍然以男性为主的领域崭露头角的例子可能会激励下一代数学人才。)”可知，作者暗示玛丽亚姆的例子可能会鼓励更多女性进入数学领域。故选A项。 C The summer sun beat down as we scanned for birds. “There,” whispered my nine-year-old son. “A pair is coming.” The red-fronted macaws (红额金刚鹦鹉) were worth the wait. Like many other members of the parrot family, red-fronted macaws have suffered from habitat loss, illegal hunting for the pet trade and conflicts with farmers who kill them for stealing crops. In 2013 only about 600 red-fronted macaws remained. Luckily, innovative conservation agreements that improve rural landowners’ livelihoods are creating a brighter future for red-fronted macaws as well as the forests they depend on. Bolivian farmers now see the bird as a favor rather than a burden, and a valuable resource worth protecting. In 2006, a Bolivian bird conservation organization, Armonía, showed the communities they could make more reliable income by offering tourists the chance to watch these beautiful birds. It helped the communities set up the 50-hectare Red-Fronted Macaw Community Reserve and build an ecolodge (生态小屋) that can house up to 14 guests. In 2023 the communities earned $25,000 in profits from the ecolodge. The result? People equate (同等看待) protecting endangered species with protecting their own livelihood. “Taking care of the red-fronted macaw can solve problems for the communities,” explains a coordinator (协调员). Fundación Natura Bolivia monitors conserved forests by employing local farmers and using camera traps. Centering nature preservation in income generation means people are “starting to respect the species”, the coordinator says, and “starting to find solutions to the conflict and solutions to make more income through macaw-friendly models”. “Instead of just continuously expanding and expanding and expanding, we need to use efficient and smart agricultural models to produce food for the nation, but at the same time share that habitat with species,” he says. “We need to make people aware of the jewels they have in their backyard instead of continuously fighting with nature.” Local families now help monitor wildlife, build new nest boxes and restore habitat within the reserve. 8. What does the author try to do in Paragraph 1? A. Express the main idea of the article. B. Describe his relationship with his son. C. Show his love of red-fronted macaws. D. Introduce the topic of the whole passage. 9. How do Bolivian farmers think of red-fronted macaws at present? A. They are a heavy burden. B. They often damage their crops. C. They bring great benefits. D. They are in danger of dying out. 10. How is the third paragraph organized? A. By listing numbers. B. By making comparisons. C. By explaining reasons. D. By analyzing an experiment. 11. What does the coordinator suggest doing? A. Learning to be in harmony with nature. B. Expanding the farmlands continuously. C. Raising red-fronted macaws in backyards. D. Producing food in a traditional agricultural way. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了红额金刚鹦鹉濒临灭绝，但是好在人们认识到了这一问题，建立了保护区并且取得了不错的效果。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The summer sun beat down as we scanned for birds. “There,” whispered my nine-year-old son. “A pair is coming.” The red-fronted macaws (红额金刚鹦鹉) were worth the wait.(当我们搜寻鸟类时，夏日的阳光炙烤着我们。“好了，”我九岁的儿子小声说。“一对来了。”红额金刚鹦鹉值得等待)”可知，作者通过第一段描述他与儿子等待红额金刚鹦鹉的场景来引入本文主题：关于红额金刚鹦鹉的保护，故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Bolivian farmers now see the bird as a favor rather than a burden, and a valuable resource worth protecting.(玻利维亚农民现在把这种鸟看作是一种恩惠而不是负担，是一种值得保护的宝贵资源)”可知，现在玻利维亚农民认为红额金刚鹦鹉是一种宝贵资源，它们可以给他们带来好处，故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It helped the communities set up the 50-hectare Red-Fronted Macaw Community Reserve and build an ecolodge (生态小屋) that can house up to 14 guests. In 2023 the communities earned $25,000 in profits from the ecolodge.(它帮助社区建立了50公顷的红额金刚鹦鹉保护区，并建立了一个可容纳14名客人的生态小屋。2023年，这些社区从生态环境中获得了2.5万美元的利润)”可知，本段通过列数字来介绍红额金刚鹦鹉自然保护区及其效果，故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““Instead of just continuously expanding and expanding and expanding, we need to use efficient and smart agricultural models to produce food for the nation, but at the same time share that habitat with species,” he says. “We need to make people aware of the jewels they have in their backyard instead of continuously fighting with nature.”(“我们不应该只是不断地扩张，而是需要采用高效和智能的农业模式来为国家生产食物，同时与物种共享这片栖息地，”他说道。“我们需要让人们意识到他们后院里的瑰宝，而不是持续地与自然对抗。”)”可知，协调员建议人们与动植物共享栖息地，而不是扩大农业面积，即要学会与自然和谐相处，故选A。 D Nowadays, it’s easier than ever to help family, friends, and even strangers in times of need. But it’s also easy to look the other way. In a new study, Boyer, a professor at Washington University, tested subjects with a variety of fictitious (虚构的) stories describing cases of misfortune, such as someone in a car accident while texting and driving and someone attacked by a bear while hiking. Participants thought the stories were real, but each scene was carefully designed to test a person’s empathy and willingness to help. After reading each story, test subjects were asked to rate (评分) the character of the victim and their responsibility for the misfortune. In some experiments, participants were advised to donate their total reward (60 cents) for participating in the study to help the victim. In others, they were asked if they would be willing to help the person with their own money. Results suggested a general lack of generosity. For example, participants in one experiment offered to donate an average of about 15 cents to the victim, less than a third of the maximum amount possible. A closer look at the data across multiple experiments showed a trend: the more character faults participants saw in a victim, the less willing they were to donate. “They’re saying that the victim doesn’t deserve help,” Boyer says. The finding goes against a long-held assumption about human nature. In the 1960s, psychologists (心理学家) suggested people were unwilling to help victims of misfortune based on a belief that the world was fair and bad things only happened to bad people. Instead of making a general assumption that all victims somehow deserve their misfortune, people try to find fault in each victim on specific cases. Boyer says. “If I tell you a person was burned in a kitchen fire, you’ll be sympathetic at first, but it’s very likely you or someone else will at some point suggest he must have been doing something stupid. It’s a classic example of reproaching the victim,” he says. 12. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. The result of the new study. B. The process of the new study. C. The purpose of the new study. D. The background of the new study. 13. What did the new study show? A. Misfortune often happens to bad guys. B. Not all victims deserve kind assistance. C. People are not as generous as we thought. D. People are more willing to help strangers. 14. Which word can replace the underlined word “reproaching”? A. Helping. B. Blaming. C. Changing. D. Affecting. 15. In which part of a magazine will you most probably read this passage? A. Science. B. Fashion. C. Technology. D. Culture. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过一个新的实验研究表明，尽管如今在需要帮助的时候帮助家人、朋友甚至陌生人比以往任何时候都容易，但人们也很容易视而不见，这主要源于人们普遍缺乏慷慨的心态，认为坏事只发生在坏人身上。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In a new study, Boyer, a professor at Washington University, tested subjects with a variety of fictitious (虚构的) stories describing cases of misfortune, such as someone in a car accident while texting and driving and someone attacked by a bear while hiking.(在一项新的研究中，华盛顿大学的博耶教授用各种虚构的故事来描述不幸的案例，比如有人在发短信和开车时出了车祸，有人在徒步旅行时被熊袭击)”和“After reading each story, test subjects were asked to rate (评分) the character of the victim and their responsibility for the misfortune.(在阅读完每个故事后，测试对象被要求对受害者的性格和他们对不幸的责任进行评分)”及全段内容可知，第二段主要讲述了这项新研究的研究过程。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Results suggested a general lack of generosity.(结果表明，他们普遍缺乏慷慨)”可知，新的研究表明人们并没有我们认为的那么慷慨豁达。故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“If I tell you a person was burned in a kitchen fire, you’ll be sympathetic at first, but it’s very likely you or someone else will at some point suggest he must have been doing something stupid.(如果我告诉你一个人在厨房火灾中被烧伤了，一开始你会很同情，但很有可能你或其他人会在某个时候认为他一定是做了什么傻事)”可知，这个例子说明如果一个人在厨房火灾中被烧伤，人们很可能会责备他，认为是因他做了傻事所致，所以这是一个责备受害者的经典的例子，故划线词reproaching表示“责备”，blaming可以替换reproaching。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文是关于人们对待他人的慷慨和同情心的研究，属于科学研究范畴，所以本文最有可能来自一本杂志的科学板块。故选A。 第二节 (共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting a good night’s sleep is one of the most important things you can do for yourself. ___16___. And we also collected all the most reliable tips for better sleep. ___17___. As well as relaxing you, a bath also raises your body temperature. Afterwards, your body temperature cools down rapidly, which can increase feelings of sleepiness. Pick a comfortable sleep position. Changing your sleeping position can make a huge difference in the quality of your sleep. When you go to sleep, or if you wake up in the middle of the night, try to follow these guidelines until it becomes habitual: try sleeping on your side with a small pillow between your knees. ___18___. Reduce your light exposure an hour or two before going to bed. ___19___. It’s one of the primary clues to the body that it’s either sleep time or waking time according to the light. Turn off all sources of light in your bedroom. This includes windows, LED clocks, computer lights and other devices with lights. Eat properly before you go to bed. Eat dinner at least three hours before bedtime. ___20___. We know that the heavier the meal, the longer it takes for your stomach to settle down. At the same time, avoid going to bed on an empty stomach. A completely empty stomach may affect your sleeping patterns just as much as going to bed with a full stomach. A. Avoid reading books in bright light B. A full stomach may disrupt your sleep C. Thus we performed the research for you D. Relax in a nice warm bath in the evening E. Sleep on your back is recommended by many experts F. Bright light before bedtime can make your body’s inner clock out of order G. Experts consider this position to be one of the best for neck and back pain 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改善睡眠的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Getting a good night’s sleep is one of the most important things you can do for yourself.(睡个好觉是你能为自己做的最重要的事情之一)”以及后文“And we also collected all the most reliable tips for better sleep.(我们还收集了所有最可靠的改善睡眠的建议)”可知，本句与上一句形成顺承关系，指出为找出睡眠建议进行了哪些努力。故C选项“所以我们为你做了调查”符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 设空处为本段主题句；根据本段内容“As well as relaxing you, a bath also raises your body temperature. Afterwards, your body temperature cools down rapidly, which can increase feelings of sleepiness.(洗澡不仅能让你放松，还能提高你的体温。之后，你的体温会迅速下降，这会增加你的困倦感)”可知，该段内容讲述的是睡前洗个热水澡可以让人放松，产生困倦感，故D选项“晚上洗个热水澡放松一下”能够概括本段主旨，符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Pick a comfortable sleep position. Changing your sleeping position can make a huge difference in the quality of your sleep. When you go to sleep, or if you wake up in the middle of the night, try to follow these guidelines until it becomes habitual: try sleeping on your side with a small pillow between your knees.(选择一个舒适的睡姿。改变你的睡姿会对你的睡眠质量产生巨大的影响。当你睡觉的时候，或者如果你在半夜醒来，试着遵循这些指导方针，直到它成为习惯：试着侧卧，在膝盖之间放一个小枕头)”可知，本句对上文进行补充说明，说明上文这一睡眠姿势的作用。故G选项“专家认为这种睡姿是治疗颈部和背部疼痛的最佳睡姿之一”符合语境，选项中“this position”指代上文中的“try sleeping on your side with a small pillow between your knees”。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Reduce your light exposure an hour or two before going to bed.(睡前一两个小时减少光照)”建议睡前一两个小时减少光照，F选项“睡前的强光会使你体内的生物钟紊乱”承接上文，阐述要减少光照的原因，符合语境，F选项中“Bright light”对应上文“light”。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Eat properly before you go to bed. Eat dinner at least three hours before bedtime.(睡觉前要吃好。至少在睡觉前三小时吃晚餐)”以及后文“We know that the heavier the meal, the longer it takes for your stomach to settle down. At the same time, avoid going to bed on an empty stomach. A completely empty stomach may affect your sleeping patterns just as much as going to bed with a full stomach.(我们知道，食物越重，你的胃安定下来所需的时间就越长。同时，避免空腹睡觉。一个完全空的胃可能会影响你的睡眠模式，就像吃饱了上床睡觉一样)”可知，本句对上一句进行了解释说明，且该段都是围绕着“睡前饮食”展开的，同时B项也与下文提到的“空腹”形成对比关系，故B选项“吃太饱会影响你的睡眠”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea. For more than 40 years, he raced in international ___21___ competitions. While taking part in an important ___22___ in 1987, Kierman began to notice the huge amount of ___23___ in the world’s oceans. He decided to do something about it. He ___24___ a community event called“Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January 8,1989, more than 40,000 ___25___ came out to clear away rubbish. The next year, Kierman made the clean-up a ___26___ event, which turned out to be a huge ___27___. Across Australia, about 300,000 people spent the day ___28___ their local environment. Since then, “Clean Up Australia” has got ___29___ year by year. In 2002, for example, 800,000 people ___30___ up almost 1,500 tons of rubbish from Australia’s beaches, parks and streets. ___31___ by the success of his project, Kierman started an even bigger program. With the ___32___ of the United Nations Environment Program, he ___33___“Clean Up the World” to other parts of the world. “Clean Up the World” has been growing ___34___ and his wonderful idea has now ___35___ from one country to the whole world. 21. A. jumping B. sailing C. skating D. driving 22. A. race B. party C. lecture D. discussion 23. A. visitors B. shells C. fish D. rubbish 24. A. recognized B. awarded C. organized D. convinced 25. A. volunteers B. students C. workers D. women 26. A. global B. worldwide C. national D. natural 27. A. success B. competition C. expense D. parade 28. A. decorating B. improving C. ruining D. linking 29. A. bigger B. easier C. simpler D. severer 30. A. fed B. used C. gave D. cleaned 31. A. Frustrated B. Discouraged C. Puzzled D. Inspired 32. A. respect B. aid C. exchange D. hope 33. A. introduced B. ordered C. instructed D. explained 34. A. occasionally B. barely C. rapidly D. warmly 35. A. decreased B. left C. escaped D. spread 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了澳大利亚人Kierman参加比赛时注意到了海洋中大量的垃圾，于是开展了清理运动，并且运动逐渐变大，成为了世界性的活动。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：40多年来，他一直参加国际帆船比赛。A. jumping跳跃；B. sailing帆船运动；C. skating滑冰；D. driving驾驶。根据上文“Kierman was born in Sydney, Australia, and grew up near the sea.( Kierman出生在澳大利亚的悉尼，在海边长大)”可知，在海边长大，从事的最有可能是海上的运动，结合选项可知，sailing“帆船运动”符合语境。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在1987年参加一次重要的比赛时，Kierman开始注意到世界海洋中大量的垃圾。A. race比赛；B. party聚会；C. lecture演讲；D. discussion讨论。呼应上文“competitions”指他1987年去参加重要的比赛。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在1987年参加一次重要的比赛时，Kierman开始注意到世界海洋中大量的垃圾。A. visitors游客；B. shells贝壳；C. fish鱼；D. rubbish垃圾。根据后文“came out to clear away rubbish”可知，Kierman开始注意到世界海洋中大量的垃圾。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他组织了一个叫做“清理悉尼港”的社区活动。A. recognized认可；B. awarded授予；C. organized组织；D. convinced说服。根据后文“a community event”可知，他组织了一个社区活动。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1989年1月8日星期日，4万多名志愿者出来清理垃圾。A. volunteers志愿者；B. students学生；C. workers工人；D. women女人。根据上文“a community event called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour”.”可知，组织的是一个社区活动，所以来的都是志愿者。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二年，Kierman把清理工作变成了一项全国性的活动，结果取得了巨大的成功。A. global全球的；B. worldwide世界范围的；C. national全国性的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“Across Australia”可知，Kierman把清理工作变成了一项全国性的活动。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二年，Kierman把清理工作变成了一项全国性的活动，结果取得了巨大的成功。A. success成功；B. competition比赛；C. expense花费；D. parade游行。根据后文“about 300,000 people spent the day”可知，有更多的人加入进来，说明取得了成功。后文“by the success of his project”也是提示。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在澳大利亚，大约30万人花了一天的时间来改善当地的环境。A. decorating装饰；B. improving改善；C. ruining奔跑；D. linking连接。根据前文“came out to clear away rubbish”和后文“their local environment”可知，大约30万人花了一天的时间来改善当地的环境。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，“清理澳大利亚”的规模一年比一年大。A. bigger更大的；B. easier更容易的；C. simpler更简单的；D. severer更严重的。根据后文“800,000 people”可知，活动的规模变得更大了。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，2002年，80万人从澳大利亚的海滩、公园和街道上清理了近1500吨垃圾。A. fed喂养；B. used使用；C. gave给予；D. cleaned清理。根据后文“up almost 1,500 tons of rubbish”指清理了（clean up）近1500吨垃圾。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到项目成功的鼓舞，基尔曼开始了一个更大的项目。A. Frustrated使懊恼；B. Discouraged使沮丧；C. Puzzled使困惑；D. Inspired鼓舞。根据后文“Kierman started an even bigger program.”可知，开始了更大的项目是受到项目成功的鼓舞。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在联合国环境规划署帮助下，他向世界其他地方介绍了“清洁世界”。A. respect尊重；B. aid帮助；C. exchange交换；D. hope希望。根据后文“of the United Nations Environment Program”可知，他得到了联合国环境规划署的帮助。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在联合国环境规划署的帮助下，他向世界其他地方介绍了“清洁世界”。A. introduced介绍；B. ordered命令；C. instructed指示；D. explained解释。根据后文““Clean Up the World” to other parts of the world”可知，在联合国环境规划署的帮助下，他向世界其他地方介绍了“清洁世界”。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“清洁世界”一直在迅速发展，他的奇妙想法现在已经从一个国家传播到全世界。A. occasionally偶尔；B. barely仅仅；C. rapidly快速地；D. warmly温暖地。根据上文““Clean Up the World” has been growing”指“清洁世界”活动一直在迅速发展。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“清洁世界”一直在迅速发展，他的奇妙想法现在已经从一个国家传播到全世界。A. decreased减少；B. left离开；C. escaped逃走；D. spread传播。根据后文“from one country to the whole world.”可知，他的奇妙想法现在已经从一个国家传播到全世界。故选D。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mr. Chen Si, known ___36___ the Angel of Nanjing, has volunteered to walk on the Yangtze Bridge every day, and over the years, he has saved more than 400 people from committing suicide (自杀). As one of the most famous bridges in the country, it is also a ___37___ (popularity) location to commit suicide. Every day there are people wandering along ___38___ (it) sidewalk without a purpose, and Chen talks with them to test whether or not they are potential jumpers. It is reported that this started for Chen back in 2000, when he ___39___ (see) a desperate-looking girl walking ___40___ (aimless) on the bridge. He was worried something might happen to her, so he brought lunch for her ___41___ started to chat with her. He eventually bought ___42___ bus ticket for her to go home, but realized that this was something that must be happening all the time. For the past years, he’s crossed the bridge 10 times a day on his e-bike, ___43___ (wear) his red jacket with the words “Cherish All Life” written across the back. “People with an extreme internal struggle don’t have relaxed body ___44___ (movement), so their bodies look heavy,” Chen said. His story was made into a documentary ____45____ won a half-dozen awards. 【答案】36. as 37. popular 38. its 39. saw 40. aimlessly 41. and 42. a 43. wearing 44. movements 45. that##which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了南京天使陈思多年在长江大桥劝解欲跳桥者的事迹。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：陈思先生，被称为南京天使，每天自愿在长江大桥上散步，多年来，他已经救下了400多名想要自杀的人。known as为固定搭配，意为“被称为”，本空用介词as，符合题意。故填as。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为全国最著名的桥梁之一，它也是自杀的热门地点。本空修饰名词location，应用形容词popular“受大众喜爱的，受欢迎的”，作定语。故填popular。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：每天都有一些漫无目的地在桥上的人行道上游荡的人，陈会和他们交谈，测试他们是否是潜在的跳桥者。本空修饰名词sidewalk，应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”，作定语。故填its。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：据报道，这始于2000年陈看到的一个场景，当时他看到一个绝望的女孩在桥上漫无目的地走着。根据时间状语back in 2000可知，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用see“看见”的过去式saw。故填saw。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：据报道，这始于2000年陈看到的一个场景，当时他看到一个绝望的女孩在桥上漫无目的地走着。本空修饰动词walking，应用副词aimlessly“漫无目的地”，作状语。故填aimlessly。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：他很担心她会出什么事，所以他给她带了午饭，开始和她聊天。brought lunch for her和started to chat with her为并列谓语，应用连词and连接。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他最终为她买了一张回家的车票，但意识到这种事肯定一直在发生。此处泛指“一张回家的车票”，且bus以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，他每天骑着电动车过桥10次，穿着红色夹克，背面写着“珍惜生命”的字样。本空应用非谓语动词形式，wear“穿着”与其逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词，作状语。故填wearing。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：陈说：“内心极度挣扎的人不会有放松的身体动作，所以他们的身体看起来很沉重。”movement为可数名词，根据语境可知，此处不止一个人的动作，应用movement“动作”的复数形式。故填movements。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他的故事被拍成了一部纪录片，获得了六个奖项。空处引导定语从句，先行词为documentary，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华， 你的加拿大笔友 Chris将有机会作为交换生来中国西安留学一年。他担心不适应中国的生活习惯， 因此向你咨询一些问题。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 分析来中国学习的好处及可能遇到的问题； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m very glad to hear that you will come to Xi’an to study！ In my opinion, studying in Xi’an will expose you to Chinese culture. Furthermore, you will gain new friendships. Last but not least, it’s less expensive to live, eat and travel in China compared with many Western countries. One cannot deny the fact that you may encounter difficulties, such as suffering from homesickness, adapting to new surroundings, and learning a new language. However, with your efforts and the help of others, I am certain that everything will change for the better, and you will eventually feel at home. In summary, seize the opportunity and actively participate in this program. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Chris回信，分析来中国学习的好处及可能遇到的问题以及你的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴：glad→delighted 昂贵：expensive→pricy 参加：participate in→take part in 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：In my opinion, studying in Xi’an will expose you to Chinese culture. Furthermore, you will gain new friendships. 拓展句：In my opinion, not only will studying in Xi’an expose you to Chinese culture, but also you will gain new friendships. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m very glad to hear that you will come to Xi’an to study！(运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] One cannot deny the fact that you may encounter difficulties, such as suffering from homesickness, adapting to new surroundings, and learning a new language. (运用了that引导同位语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My brother Brandon and I had always wanted a pet dog. This Christmas, we opened all of the packages under the Christmas tree. All that was left was an envelope. We knew that envelopes usually contained cards, and if we were lucky they also contained gift cards or cash. My dad looked almost like he’d forgotten about the envelope as he casually handed it to me. I broke its seal and discovered inside a 3x5 card with a border of glitter surrounding a poem. Of course, I didn’t remember the poem by heart, but its mysterious rhyming message instructed us to go downstairs. We were excited. What we found downstairs was another envelope, containing another card with a border of glitter surrounding a poem. This poem told us to go to Dad’s car. There was just another envelope containing another glittery card in his car. This one told us to go to Mom’s office downtown. Neither of us was old enough to drive. This meant we had to beg our parents to hurry up and get dressed and finish drinking their coffee and get going. They took forever. Eventually, we made it to Mom’s office where we found a poem telling us to go somewhere else. This time it was to the TV station where Dad worked. By now, our curiosity was stretched to the limits of our imaginations. Were we meeting someone famous? Were we going to be on TV? It absolutely didn’t make sense to keep a pet dog at the studio because Dad had a desk in an open area shared with other reporters. We soon found out, however, that such a desk was a lovely place to keep a 3x5 card complete with glitter and a poem. The instruction in this poem confused us more than any other. It told us to go to an unfamiliar address. Fortunately for us, our parents knew how to get there. The car stopped in front of the unknown house. It felt like the end of the hunt. My dad handed us the final envelope. The final poem told us to knock on the door and say, “Merry Christmas! Is Humphrey here?” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 We didn’t know who would answer the door, and we didn’t know what Humphrey was. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ And then I saw something coming toward us at top speed: a cloud of white fur. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 We didn’t know who would answer the door, and we didn’t know what Humphrey was. This was where our parents came in. They urged us to knock on the door while they were standing by the car. We peered back to see their smiling faces and built up the courage to knock on the door. A woman opened it. After we recited the greeting, the smiling woman wished us a Merry Christmas and invited us in. We looked to our parents for permission and they signaled us to go ahead. When we stepped in, Mom and Dad moved closer to the front door. And then I saw something coming toward us at top speed: a cloud of white fur. Dad was standing behind us by then. “Merry Christmas,” he said. “He’s yours.” And the woman, who turned out to be an animal keeper, introduced us to the white fur — a ten-week-old dog named Humphrey. He was so approachable. We lifted him up and hugged him close, feeling grateful and overjoyed. Finally, we had our very own pet. That was also the day that Humphrey became part of our family. It was a gift far surpassing anything I could have imagined. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和兄弟布兰登一直想养一只狗，祈祷父母能在圣诞节送给自己，结果圣诞节时，父亲通过让作者寻找留下的信封，以及信中诗歌的线索最后找到了圣诞节礼物，一只名叫汉弗莱的白色的狗。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们不知道谁会来开门，也不知道汉弗莱是什么人”可知，第一段可描写作者寻找圣诞节礼物的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后我看到有什么东西以最快的速度向我们走来：一团白色的皮毛”可知，第二段可描写作者收到自己想要的狗作为圣诞节礼物。 2.续写线索：等待开门——进门问候——收到礼物——激动高兴——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①进入：step in/enter ②鼓起勇气：build up the courage/take heart of grace ③超过：surpass/exceed 情绪类 ①感激：grateful/thankful ②高兴：overjoyed/delighted 点睛】[高分句型1] When we stepped in, Mom and Dad moved closer to the front door. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] And the woman, who turned out to be an animal keeper, introduced us to the white fur — a ten-week-old dog named Humphrey. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句) 听力1~5 CBACB 6~10 CAABC 11~15 BCBCA 16~20 ACACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$