精品解析：重庆市第八中学校2024-2025学年高三上学期综合能力测试英语试题

重庆八中2024—2025学年度（上）高三综合能力测试 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．What is the man looking through? A．A telescope. B．A camera. C．A mobile phone. 2．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a gym. B．In a store. C．On the playground. 3．What will the speakers probably do next? A．Do some shopping. B．Order at a restaurant. C．Visit the man’s mother. 4．How many pairs of socks will be washed? A．Two. B．Three. C．Five. 5．What are the speakers most likely talking about? A．A bed. B．A chair. C．A kind of medicine. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What is the theme of the party? A．Comedy characters. B．Horrible characters. C．Fantasy characters. 7．What is the woman like? A．Generous. B．Funny. C．Confident. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What do we know about Tim? A．He used to be in a band. B．He played some instrument once. C．He really dislikes jazz music now. 9．What is Donna? A．The drummer. B．The lead singer. C．The guitar player. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．How does the man probably feel about the Belt and Road passenger trains? A．Excited. B．Uncertain. C．Indifferent. 11．Where does the train travel through according to the woman? A．Italy. B．Germany. C．Spain. 12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Cousins. C．Husband and wife. 13．Which train do the speakers intend to take next year? A．The Palace on Wheels. B．The Glacier Express. C．The Orient Express. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．When might the birthday party be? A．On Thursday. B．On Friday. C．On Saturday. 15．What does Judy have to do on the day of the party? A．Go to work. B．Take the car for a check. C．Drive her brother somewhere. 16．Which gift will Dave give to Brad for his birthday? A．A hat. B．A gift card. C．A music record. 17．What will the speakers do on Brad’s birthday? A．Go to movies. B．Do some sports. C．See a band performance. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What is clever about the mall according to the talk? A．Its location. B．Its atmosphere. C．Its shopkeepers. 19．How does Maria Larsson find the mall? A．Unwanted B．Creative. C．Special. 20．How can we describe the mall’s customers best? A．They want a bargain. B．They want something new. C．They want to help the planet. 第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Innovation needs failure! Museum of Failure is a collection of failed products and services from around the world. The majority of all innovation projects fail and the museum showcases these failures to provide visitors a fascinating learning experience. The museum aims to stimulate productive discussion about failure and inspire us to take meaningful risks. Every item provides unique insight into the risky business of innovation. The museum is organized by Dr. Samuel West, licensed psychologist, PhD in Organizational Psychology. The following are two examples of those products.(for more info, pls click HERE) New Coke The competition between Coca - Cola and Pepsi became more intense in 1975 with “The Pepsi Challenge”, where consumers in blind taste tests preferred Pepsi over Coca- Cola. Coca-Cola responded by doing extensive market research that confirmed that consumers preferred a sweeter version of the original recipe. Coca-Cola changed its classic recipe in 1985 and launched what was called New Coke. Coca-Cola consumers were furious that the recipe had been changed. The original formula was rapidly re-introduced and rebranded as Coca - Cola Classic. Back to the failure The DeLorean, with its strange gull-wing doors, was one of the most spectacular innovation failures in history. The first prototype (雏形) was built in 1976, when there were not many competitors for this type of futuristic car. The DeLorean was marketed as a luxury sports car, but with a severely under-powered engine the car was painfully slow. It was also difficult to keep clean and the stainless steel panel (钣金) required constant polishing. The design was unusual and special, but otherwise the car was a disaster — a nightmare on wheels. The DeLorean Motor Company went bankrupt, but the car will always be remembered as the famous time machine from the movie series Back to the Future. 1. What is the theme of Museum of Failure? A. Change is the parent of success. B. It’s no use challenging traditions. C. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 2. What do these two products have in common? A. They were inaccessible to ordinary consumers. B. They were launched with wrong market strategies. C. They were too advanced for the markets back then. D. They had issues that led to their failure despite initial innovation. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A science fiction. B. A travel brochure. C. A museum website. D. A movie application. B In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of emotional crises. I can’t remember which one it was in particular, but I do remember how my adopted “aunt” Li once took care of me, tucking (塞被角) me up in an armchair in her Chengdu apartment, bringing me a cup of green tea, peeling and cutting fruit for me, chatting about unrelated matters as she prepared one of her wonderful Sichuanese suppers. Like many Chinese people, particularly those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, but through food and over-concern. It took me a while to become used to this way of expressing affection. At first I found it brusque and bossy: “Have some porridge! Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!” But over time I came to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when someone Chinese is becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical needs, urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When serious-faced chef barks at me to have some more baozi for breakfast or Li presses me to have another mouthful of her red-braised pork, I know they are offering me the edible equivalent of a hug. Food in China can mean many things. It is also art and craft and magic. It is the slices of fish that fall like snow from the knife of the chef, the slivers of meat that dance in the shimmering heat of the wok (炒菜锅), the grains of millet or rice that swell in the steamer. It is the employment of armies of microorganisms in the clay vat of jiang (酱菜缸) or the wine jar, the creating of a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen, the transformation of natural raw materials into numerous forms. It is finding ways to generate delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the peel of an orange. It is one of the supreme expressions of human wit and creativity. Above all, it is what connects us and makes us human. 4. Why does the writer mention her mental distress at the beginning? A. To compare the difference in two cultures. B. To introduce how Chinese express their love. C. To highlight how fragile the writer used to be. D. To remind readers of the writer’s homesickness. 5. Which of following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “brusque”? A. Abrupt and simple. B. Impolite and bitter. C. Brave and direct. D. Demanding and abusive. 6. How does the writer develop paragraph 3 to further explain her idea? A. By making comparison. B. By offering more examples. C. By analyzing cause and effect. D. By classifying cooking methods. 7. What message does the author intend to convey through the text? A. Every region has its own specialty. B. Food is culture, and culture is food. C. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. D. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. C A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers. The robot is 20 to 100 microns in diameter, thinner than a human hair. It has an innovated means of obtaining energy and can work without additional energy input. The research, published in the journal Science Advances, states that MNP pollution in non-marine waters poses a great threat to the global ecosystem. However, existing strategies often fail to remove the ultra-small plastic particles thoroughly. Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers. The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang. In their research, the robots were confirmed to show a removal efficiency of more than 90 percent during 100 continuous missions to remove MNPs with various compositions, sizes and shapes in the water. It is estimated that every liter of sewage only needs about 5 million micro-robots to clean up the MNPs in the water, which is very easy to achieve in practice. The group has set further research goals, such as finding ways for the newly-developed robots to collect MNPs and degrade them at the same time. It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultrasmall plastic particles on a large scale. 8. What is the micro-robot able to do? A. To clean waste water. B. To exchange plastic particles. C. To generate energy. D. To degrade MNPs. 9. What inspired Wang to invent this micro-robot? A. Existing strategies. B. Floor-mopping robots. C. Pollution in waters. D. Threat to the ecosystem. 10. Which of the following is NOT a drive force for the micro-robot? A. A flow produced when absorbing plastics. B. Interaction with particulates around it. C. A programmable magnetic field. D. The dynamic removal of MNP. 11. Which factor makes the micro-robot suitable for industrial applications? A. Secondary pollution. B. A minimal size. C. Low cost. D. High efficiency. D New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it. Our research suggests that children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others. Their concern about reputation may have significant consequences, particularly when it comes to education. If they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer. To learn more about how children think about reputation, we applied a classic technique from developmental psychology. We crafted simple stories and then asked children questions about these scenarios (设想) to allow kids to showcase their thinking. Across several studies, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, we told children that both kids did poorly on a test. We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose either of the two kids as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be less likely to ask for assistance. They were specifically thinking about how the characters would act in front of peers. They could still imagine situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it. Given our findings, it seems quite possible that when children themselves are the ones struggling, they, too, might avoid seeking out help if they are concerned about reputation. If so, this reluctance to seek help when others are present could seriously slow academic progress. How can we help children overcome these barriers? Teachers could give children more opportunities to seek assistance privately. They should also help students perceive asking questions in front of others as normal, positive behaviors. If seeking help is understood as a commonplace classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as indicating one’s ability. 12. Why are young children unwilling to seek help according to the research? A. To showcase their critical thinking. B. To show a strong belief in themselves. C. To avoid being seen as lacking abilities. D. To display initiative in their schoolwork. 13. Which method was adopted in the research? A. Data analysis. B. Questionnaires. C. A sample survey. D. Scenario simulation (模拟). 14. What are kids of seven most likely to do? A Asking the teacher for assistance in class. B. Writing an email to someone to seek help. C. Pretending to be incompetent among peers. D. Admitting their mistakes in front of friends. 15. What might be the best title for the text? A. Why kids are afraid to ask for help B. What slow kids’ academic progress C. How teachers encourage kids’ thinking D. When kids start to value their reputation 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Treat Anxious Feelings Despite the fact that chronic anxiety is very manageable with some combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments, only about 37 percent of affected people receive treatment of any kind. ___16___ Actually, anxiety is a normal emotional response. If you try to get rid of it, all you’re doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind. ___17___ Accept it. If you accept anxiety as part of life and everyone’s experience, you can learn to relate to it with self-compassion and even with humor. ___18___ It guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that parts of life are hard. Patients are encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining the causes of those feelings while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values. Although anxious thoughts shouldn’t be completely suppressed (压制) , sufferers can be trained to not allow anxiety to turn them away from what they want to do and who they want to be. Be curious about it. Along with acceptance, a mindfulness approach to anxiety can be useful, especially when you’re cycling through anxious thoughts and unable to think clearly or rationally. When we notice and name the physical sensations that are arising in our bodies (my face feels flushed; my breathing is shallow; my heart is beating quickly) , we are already less caught up in those anxious reactions, simply through that act of observation. ___19___ After three months of using an app called Unwinding Anxiety, test participants reported an average 57 percent reduction in their anxiety. ___20___ Learning to live with anxiety is an individual process that requires trial and error to get just right. While acceptance is the first and most important step, some lifestyle changes have been proved to take the edge off as well. Since fatigue and increased stress leave us more vulnerable to anxiety, a well-balanced diet, adequate rest, and, above all, exercise can help us manage it better. One research study showed that regular vigorous works reduced the likelihood of developing an anxiety disorder over the next five years by 25 percent. A. Make lifestyle adjustments. B. Many mindfulness training apps can help. C. The rest try to battle their anxiety from within or suppress it. D. Pay attention to the body sensations, thoughts and emotions. E. Here are some tips to help minimize anxiety’s negative effects. F. This is the basis of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) . G. It’s not always pleasant, but you can accept and take care of your anxiety. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 To anyone else, it was just a simple white cotton bag, but to me, it was a canvas (画布). I laid it flat on the table, ___21___ my brush in the paint and touched it to the canvas. Slowly a picture took ___22___. When I was a kid, I wanted my work to ___23___ in the Louvre Museum in Paris, right next to the Mona Lisa. But even then, I knew what a wild dream it was. In my school years, my parents encouraged my interest and paid for art lessons. In college, I ___24___ in fine art, learning drawing and design. But the ___25___ I ever traveled to was New York City. The Louvre Museum might have been on another planet. After marriage, I took a（n） ___26___ from art. When I picked up a brush again, I lost my inspiration. ___27___, I threw down my brush. My husband turned me around. “You have a ___28___,” he told me. “Keep painting.” One day, walking through town, I found some white cotton bags in a store window. “What if I ___29___ some color to them?” Suddenly the thought of people traveling with painted cotton bags ______30______ me. From then on, everything started to change. Whenever I held my brush, ______31______ came flooding in! Praise greatly encouraged me and even ______32______ my children dream. The next month, we visited the Louvre Museum. After wandering in a sea of art for hours, I finally stood in front of the Mona Lisa, next to which was my ______33______ place for my work! I gazed at the masterpiece when a girl came up to ask about my cotton bag. When told it was my own______34______, she cried, “How talented!” Having received tons of praise from different visitors by the end of the day, I looked down at my cotton bag, running my fingers gently across my ______35______, and smiled. 21. A. cleaned B. dipped C. lay D. saved 22. A. action B. control C. effect D. shape 23. A. appear B. float C. stick D. unfold 24. A. believed B. majored C. participated D. succeeded 25. A. closest B. deepest C. farthest D. widest 26. A. escape B. example C. break D. example 27. A. Encouraged B. Disappointed C. Embarrassed D. Satisfied 28. A. gift B. lesson C. problem D. chance 29. A. add B. contribute C. distribute D. adapt 30. A. amused B. annoyed C. escaped D. struck 31. A. criticism B. suspicion C. inspiration D. memory 32. A. brought back B. put away C. broke up D. made for 33. A. former B. dream C. usual D. future 34. A. collection B. purchase C. creation D. patent 35. A. ticket B. museum C. brush D. painting 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two researchers who helped lay the foundations for modern artificial intelligence have been awarded the 2024 Nobel prize in physics. Inspired by the workings of the brain, professor John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton built artificial neural (神经的) networks that store and retrieve memories like the human brain, and learn from information ___36___(feed) into them. Hinton, 76, often referred to as “the godfather of AI”, made headlines last year ___37___ he quit Google and warned about the dangers of machines outsmarting humans. The scientists’ pioneering work demonstrated ___38___ computer programs that draw on neural networks and statistics could form the basis for an entire field, which paved the way for swift and accurate language translation, facial ___39___(recognize) systems, and the generative AI. Hopfield, 91, ___40___(honour) for building “an associative memory that can store and reconstruct images and other types of patterns in data”, while Hinton invented a method that can “independently discover properties in data”, ___41___ important feature of the large artificial neural networks ___42___ use today. Having technology ___43___(smart) than humans would be “wonderful in many respects”, Hinton said, leading to___44___(substance) improvements in healthcare, better digital assistants, and productivity. “But we also have to worry about a number of possible bad ___45___(consequence), particularly the threat of these things getting out of control,” he added. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你在China Daily网站上观看了“Sharing China”—— Spring Festival Image Exhibition“乐享中国”——春节文化影像展，决定写封邮件给英国朋友Chris分享此展，内容包括： （1）你最喜欢部分；（2）推荐Chris观展。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris I hope this email finds you well! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My sister Ann and I have always had a special kind of bond. Being the only kids in the family, we were stuck with each other. Not that it was bad or anything, but we had our share of arguments and fights. Although I would never admit it, I always looked up to her. Somewhere along the way, she became known as Sissy, and my nickname became JulieBug. I would try to hang out with her and her friends, only to be kicked out of her room, eventually eavesdropping (偷听) at her door on their juicy conversations. My sister and I even went through a “prank (恶作剧) phase.” I don’t remember who started it. For weeks, we had to deal with toilet seats wrapped in Saran wrap (保鲜膜), phones smeared with Vaseline, beds made with the sheets too short, and underwear that had been frozen— yes, frozen underwear. Eventually our parents had to break it up, for some of the tricks were getting out of hand, and although they were intended for each other, sometimes the effects were extended to our parents. Of course, being sisters, we also experienced our share of fighting over clothes and stealing, I mean borrowing, each other’s things. Even though we occasionally, okay daily, got in fights, we could never remain angry at each other for long. When I was in middle school and she was in high school, she started letting me hang out with her friends. Once in a while she asked if I would like to go out with them, and I would eagerly reply yes. Whenever I needed help with my homework she always made herself available to tutor me. When she turned sixteen and got her first car, she usually found time to take me to the Dairy Queen for a treat and on occasion brought me lunch at school. The day we took her to college for her freshman year was the hardest day for me. Though my dad tried to comfort me on the long four-and-a-half-hour ride home, I cried from the time my sister and I said good-bye to when my parents and I reached our hometown. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I missed her more than anything. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Late one Saturday night, she called me, frustrated with school, friends and life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重庆八中2024—2025学年度（上）高三综合能力测试 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 例：How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．What is the man looking through? A．A telescope. B．A camera. C．A mobile phone. 2．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a gym. B．In a store. C．On the playground. 3．What will the speakers probably do next? A．Do some shopping. B．Order at a restaurant. C．Visit the man’s mother. 4．How many pairs of socks will be washed? A．Two. B．Three. C．Five. 5．What are the speakers most likely talking about? A．A bed. B．A chair. C．A kind of medicine. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What is the theme of the party? A．Comedy characters. B．Horrible characters. C．Fantasy characters. 7．What is the woman like? A．Generous. B．Funny. C．Confident. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What do we know about Tim? A．He used to be in a band. B．He played some instrument once. C．He really dislikes jazz music now. 9．What is Donna? A．The drummer. B．The lead singer. C．The guitar player. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．How does the man probably feel about the Belt and Road passenger trains? A．Excited. B．Uncertain. C．Indifferent. 11．Where does the train travel through according to the woman? A．Italy. B．Germany. C．Spain. 12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Cousins. C．Husband and wife. 13．Which train do the speakers intend to take next year? A．The Palace on Wheels. B．The Glacier Express. C．The Orient Express. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．When might the birthday party be? A．On Thursday. B．On Friday. C．On Saturday. 15．What does Judy have to do on the day of the party? A．Go to work. B．Take the car for a check. C．Drive her brother somewhere. 16．Which gift will Dave give to Brad for his birthday? A．A hat. B．A gift card. C．A music record. 17．What will the speakers do on Brad’s birthday? A．Go to movies B．Do some sports. C．See a band performance. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What is clever about the mall according to the talk? A．Its location. B．Its atmosphere. C．Its shopkeepers. 19．How does Maria Larsson find the mall? A．Unwanted. B．Creative. C．Special. 20．How can we describe the mall’s customers best? A．They want a bargain. B．They want something new. C．They want to help the planet. 第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Innovation needs failure! Museum of Failure is a collection of failed products and services from around the world. The majority of all innovation projects fail and the museum showcases these failures to provide visitors a fascinating learning experience. The museum aims to stimulate productive discussion about failure and inspire us to take meaningful risks. Every item provides unique insight into the risky business of innovation. The museum is organized by Dr. Samuel West, licensed psychologist, PhD in Organizational Psychology. The following are two examples of those products.(for more info, pls click HERE) New Coke The competition between Coca - Cola and Pepsi became more intense in 1975 with “The Pepsi Challenge”, where consumers in blind taste tests preferred Pepsi over Coca- Cola. Coca-Cola responded by doing extensive market research that confirmed that consumers preferred a sweeter version of the original recipe. Coca-Cola changed its classic recipe in 1985 and launched what was called New Coke. Coca-Cola consumers were furious that the recipe had been changed. The original formula was rapidly re-introduced and rebranded as Coca - Cola Classic. Back to the failure The DeLorean, with its strange gull-wing doors, was one of the most spectacular innovation failures in history. The first prototype (雏形) was built in 1976, when there were not many competitors for this type of futuristic car. The DeLorean was marketed as a luxury sports car, but with a severely under-powered engine the car was painfully slow. It was also difficult to keep clean and the stainless steel panel (钣金) required constant polishing. The design was unusual and special, but otherwise the car was a disaster — a nightmare on wheels. The DeLorean Motor Company went bankrupt, but the car will always be remembered as the famous time machine from the movie series Back to the Future. 1. What is the theme of Museum of Failure? A. Change is the parent of success. B. It’s no use challenging traditions. C. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 2. What do these two products have in common? A They were inaccessible to ordinary consumers. B. They were launched with wrong market strategies. C. They were too advanced for the markets back then. D. They had issues that led to their failure despite initial innovation. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A science fiction. B. A travel brochure. C. A museum website. D. A movie application. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了失败博物馆以及两种产品示例。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The majority of all innovation projects fail and the museum showcases these failures to provide visitors a fascinating learning experience. The museum aims to stimulate productive discussion about failure and inspire us to take meaningful risks. Every item provides unique insight into the risky business of innovation.(大多数创新项目都失败了，博物馆展示了这些失败，为游客提供了一个迷人的学习体验。该博物馆旨在激发关于失败的富有成效的讨论，并激励我们承担有意义的风险。每一个项目都提供了独特的洞察创新的风险业务)”可知，失败博物馆展示失败的创新项目，旨在激发关于失败的富有成效的讨论，并激励我们承担有意义的风险，故该博物馆的主题是“改变是成功之母”。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一个产品描述中“Coca-Cola changed its classic recipe in 1985 and launched what was called New Coke. Coca-Cola consumers were furious that the recipe had been changed.(可口可乐在1985年改变了它的经典配方，推出了所谓的新可乐。可口可乐的消费者对配方被改变感到愤怒)”和第二个产品描述中“The DeLorean was marketed as a luxury sports car, but with a severely under-powered engine the car was painfully slow. It was also difficult to keep clean and the stainless steel panel  (钣金) required constant polishing. The design was unusual and special, but otherwise the car was a disaster — a nightmare on wheels.(DeLorean作为一款豪华跑车在市场上销售，但由于发动机动力严重不足，这辆车的速度慢得令人痛苦。它也很难保持清洁，不锈钢钣金需要不断抛光。它的设计与众不同，但除此之外，它简直就是一场灾难——车轮上的噩梦)”可知，这两款产品的共同点是尽管它们富含创新，但是本身的问题导致了它们的失败，故选D。 3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Museum of Failure is a collection of failed products and services from around the world.(失败博物馆收集了来自世界各地的失败产品和服务)”和第二段中“for more info, pls click  HERE(欲知详情，请点击此处)”可知，文章出自一个博物馆的网站，故选C。 B In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of emotional crises. I can’t remember which one it was in particular, but I do remember how my adopted “aunt” Li once took care of me, tucking (塞被角) me up in an armchair in her Chengdu apartment, bringing me a cup of green tea, peeling and cutting fruit for me, chatting about unrelated matters as she prepared one of her wonderful Sichuanese suppers. Like many Chinese people, particularly those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, but through food and over-concern. It took me a while to become used to this way of expressing affection. At first I found it brusque and bossy: “Have some porridge! Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!” But over time I came to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when someone Chinese is becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical needs, urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When serious-faced chef barks at me to have some more baozi for breakfast or Li presses me to have another mouthful of her red-braised pork, I know they are offering me the edible equivalent of a hug. Food in China can mean many things. It is also art and craft and magic. It is the slices of fish that fall like snow from the knife of the chef, the slivers of meat that dance in the shimmering heat of the wok (炒菜锅), the grains of millet or rice that swell in the steamer. It is the employment of armies of microorganisms in the clay vat of jiang (酱菜缸) or the wine jar, the creating of a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen, the transformation of natural raw materials into numerous forms. It is finding ways to generate delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the peel of an orange. It is one of the supreme expressions of human wit and creativity. Above all, it is what connects us and makes us human. 4. Why does the writer mention her mental distress at the beginning? A. To compare the difference in two cultures. B. To introduce how Chinese express their love. C. To highlight how fragile the writer used to be. D. To remind readers of the writer’s homesickness. 5. Which of following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “brusque”? A. Abrupt and simple. B. Impolite and bitter. C. Brave and direct. D. Demanding and abusive. 6. How does the writer develop paragraph 3 to further explain her idea? A. By making comparison. B. By offering more examples. C. By analyzing cause and effect. D. By classifying cooking methods. 7. What message does the author intend to convey through the text? A. Every region has its own specialty. B. Food is culture, and culture is food. C. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. D. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文通过作者的经历说明食物即文化，文化即食物. 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of emotional crises.(在中国度过的所有时间里，我都经历过情感危机)”及“Like many Chinese people, particularly those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, but through food and over-concern.(像许多中国人，尤其是老一辈的中国人一样，她没有通过拥抱或要求情感宣泄来表达对我的爱，而是通过食物和过度的关心来表达)”可推知，作者在开头提到自己的情感危机是为了引出中国人表达爱的方式，即通过食物和关心来表达情感。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It took me a while to become used to this way of expressing affection.(我花了一段时间才习惯这种表达感情的方式)”及下文“bossy(专横的)”和“Have some porridge! Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!(喝点粥吧！喝点汤！多穿点衣服！)”可知，起初作者觉得这种表达有些粗鲁而专横。由此可知，划线词与Abrupt and simple(唐突而简单)意思接近。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Food in China can mean many things. It is also art and craft and magic. It is the slices of fish that fall like snow from the knife of the chef, the slivers of meat that dance in the shimmering heat of the wok (炒菜锅), the grains of millet or rice that swell in the steamer. It is the employment of armies of microorganisms in the clay vat of jiang (酱菜缸) or the wine jar, the creating of a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen, the transformation of natural raw materials into numerous forms. It is finding ways to generate delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the peel of an orange. It is one of the supreme expressions of human wit and creativity.(食物在中国意味着很多东西。它也是艺术、工艺和魔法。从厨师的刀锋上像雪一样落下的鱼片，在锅里闪闪发光的热中跳舞的肉片，在蒸笼里膨胀的小米或大米。它是在陶制的酱菜缸或酒缸中大量使用微生物，是在狭小的厨房里创造出一百种口味，是将天然原料转化为多种形式。从鸭子的舌头到橘子皮，它都在寻找让人愉悦的方法。它是人类智慧和创造力的最高表现之一)”可推知，作者通过提供更多的例来进一步解释她的观点。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But over time I came to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when someone Chinese is becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical needs, urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When serious-faced chef barks at me to have some more baozi for breakfast or Li presses me to have another mouthful of her red-braised pork, I know they are offering me the edible equivalent of a hug.(但随着时间的推移，我开始明白这是什么意思。现在，我总能感觉到，当一个中国人开始喜欢我的时候，因为他们开始过度担心我的身体需求，催促我吃或喝，穿暖和，休息。当一脸严肃的厨师叫着让我早餐再吃点包子，或者李逼着我再吃一口她的红烧肉时，我知道他们给了我一个可食用的拥抱)”及第三段“Food in China can mean many things. It is also art and craft and magic.(食物在中国意味着很多东西。它也是艺术、工艺和魔法)”和最后一段“Above all, it is what connects us and makes us human.(最重要的是，它将我们联系在一起，使我们成为人类)”可推知，作者通过文章传达的信息是食物即文化，文化即食物，强调食物在文化中的重要性和连接性。故选B项。 C A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers. The robot is 20 to 100 microns in diameter thinner than a human hair. It has an innovated means of obtaining energy and can work without additional energy input. The research, published in the journal Science Advances, states that MNP pollution in non-marine waters poses a great threat to the global ecosystem. However, existing strategies often fail to remove the ultra-small plastic particles thoroughly. Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers. The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements, accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang. In their research, the robots were confirmed to show a removal efficiency of more than 90 percent during 100 continuous missions to remove MNPs with various compositions, sizes and shapes in the water. It is estimated that every liter of sewage only needs about 5 million micro-robots to clean up the MNPs in the water, which is very easy to achieve in practice. The group has set further research goals, such as finding ways for the newly-developed robots to collect MNPs and degrade them at the same time. It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultrasmall plastic particles on a large scale. 8. What is the micro-robot able to do? A. To clean waste water. B. To exchange plastic particles. C. To generate energy. D. To degrade MNPs. 9. What inspired Wang to invent this micro-robot? A. Existing strategies. B. Floor-mopping robots. C. Pollution in waters. D. Threat to the ecosystem. 10. Which of the following is NOT a drive force for the micro-robot? A. A flow produced when absorbing plastics. B. Interaction with particulates around it. C. A programmable magnetic field. D. The dynamic removal of MNP. 11. Which factor makes the micro-robot suitable for industrial applications? A. Secondary pollution. B. A minimal size. C. Low cost. D. High efficiency. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家研究的微型机器人，可从水中清除微塑料和纳米塑料，科学还希望今后能运用于农业中。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers.(据其开发商之一的暨南大学介绍，一群中国科学家研发了一种由离子驱动的微型机器人，用于从水中去除微塑料和纳米塑料)”可知，这种微型机器人可以从水中清除微塑料和纳米塑料，即可以清理废水。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers.(为了寻求更好的解决方法，科学家设计了微型机器人从水中去除MNPs，他们的灵感来自扫地机器人。其中一个主要的研究者Wang Jizhuang说道：“扫地机器人可以按照规划的路线自主工作，清扫附近的垃圾，因此我们认为可能会有类似的机器人来清除水中的垃圾。”)”可知，科学家们受到扫地机器人的启发，设计了微型机器人来清除水中的MNPs。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements, accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang.(这一自动推进的机器人可以在运动过程中与周围的颗粒物相互作用，实现其路径中MNPs的动态去除。同时，塑料在水中的吸收会在机器人周围产生流动，从而推动它们在没有其他能量输入的情况下自主移动。Wang说，它们也可以通过可编程的磁场简单地收集和精确控制。)”可知，吸收塑料产生的水流、可编程的磁场以及与周围微粒的相互作用都是微型机器人的动力来源，而MNPs的动态去除不属于。故选D项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultras-mall plastic particles on a large scale.(人们希望，具有成本低廉和最小二次污染优势的自走式机器人的发展将其适用于工业应用，为大规模去除超小塑料颗粒提供一种有吸引力的策略。)”可知，成本低是这种微型机器人适合工业应用的因素之一。故填C。 D New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it. Our research suggests that children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others. Their concern about reputation may have significant consequences, particularly when it comes to education. If they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer. To learn more about how children think about reputation, we applied a classic technique from developmental psychology. We crafted simple stories and then asked children questions about these scenarios (设想) to allow kids to showcase their thinking. Across several studies, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, we told children that both kids did poorly on a test. We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose either of the two kids as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be less likely to ask for assistance. They were specifically thinking about how the characters would act in front of peers. They could still imagine situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it. Given our findings, it seems quite possible that when children themselves are the ones struggling, they, too, might avoid seeking out help if they are concerned about reputation. If so, this reluctance to seek help when others are present could seriously slow academic progress. How can we help children overcome these barriers? Teachers could give children more opportunities to seek assistance privately. They should also help students perceive asking questions in front of others as normal, positive behaviors. If seeking help is understood as a commonplace classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as indicating one’s ability. 12. Why are young children unwilling to seek help according to the research? A. To showcase their critical thinking. B. To show a strong belief in themselves. C. To avoid being seen as lacking abilities. D. To display initiative in their schoolwork. 13. Which method was adopted in the research? A. Data analysis. B. Questionnaires. C. A sample survey. D. Scenario simulation (模拟). 14. What are kids of seven most likely to do? A. Asking the teacher for assistance in class. B. Writing an email to someone to seek help. C. Pretending to be incompetent among peers. D. Admitting their mistakes in front of friends. 15. What might be the best title for the text? A. Why kids are afraid to ask for help B. What slow kids’ academic progress C. How teachers encourage kids’ thinking D. When kids start to value their reputation 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。新的研究表明，小孩子在学校里不寻求帮助是因为害怕被人认为自己无能，文章介绍了相关研究的开展的过程以及建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Our research suggests that children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others.(我们的研究表明，孩子们会把寻求帮助与在别人面前显得无能联系起来。)”可知，孩子们会把寻求帮助和在别人面前显得无能联系起来。因此，他们不愿意寻求帮助是为了避免被认为缺乏能力。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“To learn more about how children think about reputation, we applied a classic technique from developmental psychology. We crafted simple stories and then asked children questions about these scenarios (设想) to allow kids to showcase their thinking.(为了更多地了解孩子对名誉的看法，研究人员采用了发展心理学中的经典技巧。我们设计了一些简单的故事情节，然后问孩子们关于这些情景的问题，让孩子们展示他们的思维方式。)”可知，研究人员采用了发展心理学中的经典技巧。他们设计了一些简单的故事情节，然后问孩子们关于这些情景的问题。由此可推知，这项研究采用的是情景模拟的方法。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“They could still imagine situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it.(他们仍然可以想象想要显得聪明的孩子会寻求帮助的情景：当可以私下求助时（比如通过电脑而不是当面），孩子们认为这两个角色都有可能去求助。)”可知，当可以私下求助时（比如通过电脑而不是当面），孩子们认为这两个角色都有可能去求助。由此可推知，七岁的孩子最有可能通过写电子邮件来寻求帮助。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it. Our research suggests that children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others.(新的研究表明，小孩不会在学校寻求帮助，甚至是当他们需要帮助时。我们的研究表明，孩子们会把寻求帮助与在别人面前显得无能联系起来。)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了新的研究表明，小孩子在学校里不寻求帮助是因为害怕被人认为自己无能，文章还介绍了这项研究所采用的方法以及如何帮助孩子们克服这些障碍。因此，本文的最佳标题应为“为什么孩子们害怕寻求帮助”。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Treat Anxious Feelings Despite the fact that chronic anxiety is very manageable with some combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments, only about 37 percent of affected people receive treatment of any kind. ___16___ Actually, anxiety is a normal emotional response. If you try to get rid of it, all you’re doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind. ___17___ Accept it. If you accept anxiety as part of life and everyone’s experience, you can learn to relate to it with self-compassion and even with humor. ___18___ It guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that parts of life are hard. Patients are encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining the causes of those feelings while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values. Although anxious thoughts shouldn’t be completely suppressed (压制) , sufferers can be trained to not allow anxiety to turn them away from what they want to do and who they want to be. Be curious about it. Along with acceptance, a mindfulness approach to anxiety can be useful, especially when you’re cycling through anxious thoughts and unable to think clearly or rationally. When we notice and name the physical sensations that are arising in our bodies (my face feels flushed; my breathing is shallow; my heart is beating quickly) , we are already less caught up in those anxious reactions, simply through that act of observation. ___19___ After three months of using an app called Unwinding Anxiety, test participants reported an average 57 percent reduction in their anxiety. ___20___ Learning to live with anxiety is an individual process that requires trial and error to get just right. While acceptance is the first and most important step, some lifestyle changes have been proved to take the edge off as well. Since fatigue and increased stress leave us more vulnerable to anxiety, a well-balanced diet, adequate rest, and, above all, exercise can help us manage it better. One research study showed that regular vigorous works reduced the likelihood of developing an anxiety disorder over the next five years by 25 percent. A. Make lifestyle adjustments. B. Many mindfulness training apps can help. C. The rest try to battle their anxiety from within or suppress it. D. Pay attention to the body sensations, thoughts and emotions. E. Here are some tips to help minimize anxiety’s negative effects. F. This is the basis of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) . G. It’s not always pleasant, but you can accept and take care of your anxiety. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何将焦虑的消极影响最小化。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Despite the fact that chronic anxiety is very manageable with some combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments, only about 37 percent of affected people receive treatment of any kind.(尽管慢性焦虑可以通过药物、治疗和生活方式的调整的某种组合来控制，但只有37%受到影响的人接受了任何方式的治疗。)”可知，空前提到只有受到慢性焦虑影响的37%的人接受了治疗，故C项“其余的试图从内心与焦虑作斗争或抑制焦虑。”符合，就空前提到的37%，说明只有37%的人接受了治疗，而剩余的人都是从内心与焦虑作斗争，故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据空前“If you try to get rid of it, all you’re doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind.(如果你试图摆脱它，你所做的就是把它更多地放在你思想的最前沿。)”可知，空前提到如果想要摆脱焦虑，那需要做的事情就是要重视它，且根据后文每段提出的具体的方法可知，此处E项“以下是一些有助于将焦虑的消极影响最小化的方法”符合，承上启下，引出后文的具体策略，故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据空前“If you accept anxiety as part of life and everyone’s experience, you can learn to relate to it with self-compassion and even with humor.(如果你接受焦虑是生活和每个人经历的一部分，你可以学会用自我同情甚至幽默来应对它。)”及空后“It guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that parts of life are hard.(它引导人们将自己的不愉快情绪视为只是感觉，并接受生活的某些部分是艰难的。)”可知，空前提到接受焦虑是生活的一部分，空后提到它可以引导人们正确地接受焦虑，故F项“这就是接受和承诺疗法的基础。”符合，说明空前的接受焦虑是生活的一部分就是接受和承诺疗法的基础，且空后的It指代F项的“ACT”，故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据空后“After three months of using an app called Unwinding Anxiety, test participants reported an average 57 percent reduction in their anxiety.(在使用了名为Unwinding Anxiety的应用程序三个月后，测试参与者报告说，他们的焦虑平均减少了57%。)”可知，空后提到名为Unwinding Anxiety的程序，帮助测试者减少了焦虑，故B项“许多正念训练软件可以提供帮助。”符合，空后举出具体的例子来证明，故选B项。 【20题详解】 根据本段内容“Learning to live with anxiety is an individual process that requires trial and error to get just right. While acceptance is the first and most important step, some lifestyle changes have been proved to take the edge off as well.(学会与焦虑共存是一个个人过程，需要反复试验法才能正确。虽然接受是第一步也是重要的一步，但一些生活方法的改变也被证明可以减轻压力。)”可知，本段提到一些生活方法的改变可以减轻压力，故A项“调整生活方法”符合，作为本段小标题，概括本段内容，故选A项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 To anyone else, it was just a simple white cotton bag, but to me, it was a canvas (画布). I laid it flat on the table, ___21___ my brush in the paint and touched it to the canvas. Slowly a picture took ___22___. When I was a kid, I wanted my work to ___23___ in the Louvre Museum in Paris, right next to the Mona Lisa. But even then, I knew what a wild dream it was. In my school years, my parents encouraged my interest and paid for art lessons. In college, I ___24___ in fine art, learning drawing and design. But the ___25___ I ever traveled to was New York City. The Louvre Museum might have been on another planet. After marriage, I took a（n） ___26___ from art. When I picked up a brush again, I lost my inspiration. ___27___, I threw down my brush. My husband turned me around. “You have a ___28___,” he told me. “Keep painting.” One day, walking through town, I found some white cotton bags in a store window. “What if I ___29___ some color to them?” Suddenly the thought of people traveling with painted cotton bags ______30______ me. From then on, everything started to change. Whenever I held my brush, ______31______ came flooding in! Praise greatly encouraged me and even ______32______ my children dream. The next month, we visited the Louvre Museum. After wandering in a sea of art for hours, I finally stood in front of the Mona Lisa, next to which was my ______33______ place for my work! I gazed at the masterpiece when a girl came up to ask about my cotton bag. When told it was my own______34______, she cried, “How talented!” Having received tons of praise from different visitors by the end of the day, I looked down at my cotton bag, running my fingers gently across my ______35______, and smiled. 21. A. cleaned B. dipped C. lay D. saved 22. A. action B. control C. effect D. shape 23. A. appear B. float C. stick D. unfold 24. A. believed B. majored C. participated D. succeeded 25. A. closest B. deepest C. farthest D. widest 26. A. escape B. example C. break D. example 27. A. Encouraged B. Disappointed C. Embarrassed D. Satisfied 28 A. gift B. lesson C. problem D. chance 29. A. add B. contribute C. distribute D. adapt 30. A. amused B. annoyed C. escaped D. struck 31. A. criticism B. suspicion C. inspiration D. memory 32. A. brought back B. put away C. broke up D. made for 33. A. former B. dream C. usual D. future 34. A. collection B. purchase C. creation D. patent 35. A. ticket B. museum C. brush D. painting 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者热爱绘画，结婚后再次拾起画笔，最后以一种惊人的方式实现了自己的梦想。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它平放在桌子上，把画笔蘸在颜料里，然后把它涂在画布上。A. cleaned清洁；B. dipped蘸；C. lay放置；D. saved拯救。根据空后的“my brush in the paint and touched it to the canvas.”可知，此处是指作者把画笔蘸在颜料里，然后把它涂在画布上。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，一张照片成形了。A. action行动；B. control控制；C. effect影响；D. shape形状。根据上文的“I laid it flat on the table, ___1___ my brush in the paint and touched it to the canvas.”可知，作者开始画画，把画布平放在桌子上，把画笔蘸在颜料里，然后把它涂在画布上，因此照片慢慢地成形了。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我希望我的作品能出现在巴黎卢浮宫博物馆，就在蒙娜丽莎旁边。A. appear出现；B. float漂浮；C. stick坚持；D. unfold打开。根据后文“in the Louvre Museum in Paris, right next to the Mona Lisa.”可知，就在蒙娜丽莎的旁边，故此处是指作者希望她的作品能出现在卢浮宫博物馆，就在蒙娜丽莎旁边。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上大学时，我主修美术，学习绘画和设计。A. believed相信；B. majored主修；C. participated参加；D. succeeded成功。根据后文“learning drawing and design.”可知，在大学学绘画和设计，故此处指作者主修美术专业。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我去过的最远的地方是纽约。A. closest最近的；B. deepest最深的；C. farthest最远的；D. widest最宽的。结合后文“The Louvre Museum might have been on another planet.”可知，卢浮宫对于作者来说，可能已经是另外一个星球了，故作者去过的最远的地方是纽约。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结婚后，我从艺术中休息一下。A. escape逃避；B. example例子；C. break间断，休息；D. example例子。根据后文“When I picked up a brush again, I lost my inspiration.”可知，当我再次拿起笔时，已经没有了灵感，故作者结婚后有一段时间没有画画了，即从艺术中休息一会儿。take a break休息一会，暂停。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很失望，扔掉了画笔。A. Encouraged受到鼓舞的；B. Disappointed失望的；C. Embarrassed尴尬的；D. Satisfied满意的。根据上文“When I picked up a brush again, I lost my inspiration.”可知，作者再次拿起笔时，已经失去了灵感，因此感到很失望，扔掉了画笔。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你有天赋，”他告诉我。A. gift天赋；B. lesson教训；C. problem问题；D. chance机会。根据后文“Keep painting.”可知，作者的丈夫鼓励她继续画下去，所以此处是指作者的丈夫告诉作者，她有画画的天赋。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我给它们加些颜色怎么样？A. add添加；B. contribute贡献；C. distribute分配；D. adapt适应。根据上文“I found some white cotton bags in a store window.”以及后文“some color to them?”可知，作者看到一些白色的棉布袋，因此想要在上面加些颜色。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我想到了人们用彩色棉布袋旅行的想法。A. amused逗乐；B. annoyed惹恼；C. escaped逃跑；D. struck打动，突然想到。根据后文“From then on, everything started to change.”可知，从那时起，一切都开始发生变化，是因为作者想到了人们用彩色棉布袋旅行的想法。sth. struck sb.“某人突然想到某事”。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我拿起画笔，灵感就如潮水般涌来！A. criticism批评；B. suspicion怀疑；C. inspiration灵感；D. memory记忆。根据上文“When I picked up a brush again, I lost my inspiration.”以及后文“Praise greatly encouraged me”的对比可知，之前作者没有了灵感，但突然想到了用彩色棉布袋旅行的想法，因此作者现在每当拿起画笔，灵感就如潮水般涌来。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：赞美极大地鼓舞了我，甚至让我小时候的梦想成真。A. brought back带回来；B. put away放好；C. broke up分手；D. made for导致。根据上文“Praise greatly encouraged me”可知，赞美极大地鼓舞了作者，甚至让她小时候的梦想成真。Bring back dreams“找回梦想”。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在艺术的海洋里遨游几个小时后，我终于站在蒙娜丽莎面前，旁边是我作品的梦想之地！A. former以前的；B. dream梦想的；C. usual通常的；D. future未来的。根据第一段中“When I was a kid, I wanted my work to ___3___ in the Louvre Museum in Paris, right next to the Mona Lisa.”可知，作者一直希望自己的作品能出现在卢浮宫博物馆，所以此处是指卢浮宫博物馆是自己作品的梦想之地。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她这是我的创作时，她说道：“好有天赋啊”。A. collection收藏；B. purchase购买；C. creation创作；D. patent专利。根据上文“Suddenly the thought of people traveling with painted cotton bags ____10____ me.”可知，作者有了这个在棉布袋上创作的想法后，就开始创作，因此当女孩问作者的时候，作者告诉女孩这是她自己的创作。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天快结束的时候，我收到了来自不同游客的大量赞扬，我低头看着我的棉布袋，用手指轻轻地抚摸着我的画，笑了。A. ticket票；B. museum博物馆；C. brush刷子；D. painting画。根据上文“From then on, everything started to change. Whenever I held my brush, ___11___ came flooding in!”可知，作者重拾画笔，在棉布袋上作画，所以此处是指作者用手指轻轻地抚摸着她的画。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Two researchers who helped lay the foundations for modern artificial intelligence have been awarded the 2024 Nobel prize in physics. Inspired by the workings of the brain, professor John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton built artificial neural (神经的) networks that store and retrieve memories like the human brain, and learn from information ___36___(feed) into them. Hinton, 76, often referred to as “the godfather of AI”, made headlines last year ___37___ he quit Google and warned about the dangers of machines outsmarting humans. The scientists’ pioneering work demonstrated ___38___ computer programs that draw on neural networks and statistics could form the basis for an entire field, which paved the way for swift and accurate language translation, facial ___39___(recognize) systems, and the generative AI. Hopfield, 91, ___40___(honour) for building “an associative memory that can store and reconstruct images and other types of patterns in data”, while Hinton invented a method that can “independently discover properties in data”, ___41___ important feature of the large artificial neural networks ___42___ use today. Having technology ___43___(smart) than humans would be “wonderful in many respects”, Hinton said, leading to___44___(substance) improvements in healthcare, better digital assistants, and productivity. “But we also have to worry about a number of possible bad ___45___(consequence), particularly the threat of these things getting out of control,” he added. 【答案】36. fed 37. when 38. that 39. recognition 40. was honoured 41. an 42. in 43. smarter 44. substantial 45. consequences 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍两位为现代人工智能奠定基础的研究人员John Hopfield和Geoffrey Hinton被授予2024年诺贝尔物理学奖。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受大脑运作的启发，John Hopfield教授和Geoffrey Hinton建立了人工神经网络，可以像人脑一样存储和检索记忆，并从输入的信息中学习。feed和information之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填fed。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：现年76岁的Hinton常被称为“人工智能教父”，去年他退出谷歌，并警告说机器比人类更聪明的危险，这使他成为头条新闻。空处引导定语从句，先行词是last year，关系词在从句中作时间状语，使用关系副词when引导，故填when。 【38题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这些科学家们的开创性工作表明，利用神经网络和统计数据的计算机程序可以构成整个领域的基础，为快速准确的语言翻译、面部识别系统和生成式人工智能铺平了道路。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构、意义完整，使用连接词that引导，故填that。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。此处使用名词recognition作定语，修饰名词systems，故填recognition。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：91岁的Hopfield因建立了“一种可以存储和重建数据中图像和其他类型模式的联想记忆”而获奖，而Hinton则发明了一种可以“独立发现数据属性”的方法，这是当今使用的大型人工神经网络的一个重要特征。honour和主语Hopfield之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was honoured。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同上。feature是可数名词单数，表示泛指，使用不定冠词修饰，且important是以元音音素开头，故填an。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。in use“在使用中”，故填in。 【43题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：Hinton说，拥有比人类更聪明的技术“在很多方面都很棒”，这将带来医疗保健、更好的数字助理和生产力的大幅改善。根据than可知此处使用形容词比较级，故填smarter。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。空处修饰名词improvements，应用形容词作定语，故填substantial。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他说：“但是我们也必须担心一些可能的不良后果，特别是这些事情失去控制的威胁。”consequence是可数名词，由a number of可知应用名词复数形式，故填consequences。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你在China Daily网站上观看了“Sharing China”—— Spring Festival Image Exhibition“乐享中国”——春节文化影像展，决定写封邮件给英国朋友Chris分享此展，内容包括： （1）你最喜欢的部分；（2）推荐Chris观展。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I hope this email finds you well! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, I hope this email finds you well. I stumbled upon a fascinating online exhibition titled “Sharing China” – Spring Festival Image Exhibition on the website of China Daily, and I thought it would be something you might enjoy. The exhibition is a vibrant showcase of the rich traditions and celebrations. Among the attractive displays, my favorite was the collection of images describing the bustling preparations for the festival. From people shopping for festive goods to families decorating their homes with red lanterns and couplets, those photos truly convey the warmth and excitement during this time of year. It is such an excellent opportunity for you to know about our Spring Festival that you shouldn’t miss it. Waiting for your coming! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文，要求学生给英国朋友Chris写封邮件，分享在China Daily网站上观看的“Sharing China”—— Spring Festival Image Exhibition“乐享中国”——春节文化影像展。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 吸引人的：fascinating→attractive/charming/captivating 描述：describe→depict/present 机会：opportunity→chance 表达：convey→express/voice 2.句式拓展： 改为倒装句 原句：It is such an excellent opportunity for you to know about our Spring Festival that you may as well not miss it. 拓展句：Such an excellent opportunity is it for you to know about our Spring Festival that you may as well not miss it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 From people shopping for festive goods to families decorating their homes with red lanterns and couplets, those photos truly convey the warmth and excitement during this time of year.(运用了现在分词作定语) 【高分句型2】 It is such an excellent opportunity for you to know about our Spring Festival that you shouldn’t miss it.(运用了such…that…引导的结果状语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My sister Ann and I have always had a special kind of bond. Being the only kids in the family, we were stuck with each other. Not that it was bad or anything, but we had our share of arguments and fights. Although I would never admit it, I always looked up to her. Somewhere along the way, she became known as Sissy, and my nickname became JulieBug. I would try to hang out with her and her friends, only to be kicked out of her room, eventually eavesdropping (偷听) at her door on their juicy conversations. My sister and I even went through a “prank (恶作剧) phase.” I don’t remember who started it. For weeks, we had to deal with toilet seats wrapped in Saran wrap (保鲜膜), phones smeared with Vaseline, beds made with the sheets too short, and underwear that had been frozen— yes, frozen underwear. Eventually our parents had to break it up, for some of the tricks were getting out of hand, and although they were intended for each other, sometimes the effects were extended to our parents. Of course, being sisters, we also experienced our share of fighting over clothes and stealing, I mean borrowing, each other’s things. Even though we occasionally, okay daily, got in fights, we could never remain angry at each other for long. When I was in middle school and she was in high school, she started letting me hang out with her friends. Once in a while she asked if I would like to go out with them, and I would eagerly reply yes. Whenever I needed help with my homework she always made herself available to tutor me. When she turned sixteen and got her first car, she usually found time to take me to the Dairy Queen for a treat and on occasion brought me lunch at school. The day we took her to college for her freshman year was the hardest day for me. Though my dad tried to comfort me on the long four-and-a-half-hour ride home, I cried from the time my sister and I said good-bye to when my parents and I reached our hometown. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: I missed her more than anything. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Late one Saturday night, she called me, frustrated with school, friends and life. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I missed her more than anything. Every day after she left, I would walk past her empty room, feeling a sense of emptiness in my heart. I stared at the photos of us on the wall, recalling the good old days when we fought over silly things and shared countless secrets. I started to keep a journal, writing down all the things I wanted to tell her, hoping that one day she would read them. Even small things like seeing a movie we both loved or trying on a piece of clothing she used to wear would bring back a flood of memories, making me miss her even more. Late one Saturday night, she called me, frustrated with school, friends and life. I could hear the sadness in her voice. I listened attentively as she poured out her heart. I told her how much I missed her and how important she was to me. I reminded her of all the fun times we had and how we always managed to get through tough times together. I shared some funny stories from home to cheer her up. By the end of the call, she sounded relieved. That call made me realize that no matter how far apart we were, our bond was unbreakable. We would always be there for each other, through thick and thin. 【解析】 【导语】本文以姐妹间的情感为线索展开，讲述了作者与姐姐从小相伴成长，经历争吵、恶作剧等，感情深厚。姐姐上大学后，作者十分思念，在姐姐遭遇挫折时，她们通过电话相互慰藉，体现姐妹情谊坚不可摧的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我无比想念她。” 可知，第一段可续写作者思念姐姐的各种具体表现，如走过姐姐空房间的失落，盯着照片回忆过往，写日记倾诉心声，以及生活中因小事引发对姐姐的思念。 ②由第二段首句内容“一个周六深夜，她打电话给我，对学校、朋友和生活感到沮丧。” 可知，第二段可续写作者在电话中倾听姐姐的烦恼，通过表达思念、回忆美好时光、分享趣事来安慰姐姐，最终让姐姐心情好转，也让作者更加深刻体会到姐妹情谊的牢固。 2.续写线索：思念 —— 回忆 —— 安慰 —— 感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①回忆：recall/look back on ②.成功做某事：manage to do sth/be succeeded in doing sth ③.意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类： ①愚蠢的：silly/stupid ②有趣的：funny/interesting 【点睛】[高分句型 1]. I started to keep a journal, writing down all the things I wanted to tell her, hoping that one day she would read them. （运用现在分词短语writing down...和 hoping that...作伴随状语；things后省略关系代词的定语从句；that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型 2]. That call made me realize that no matter how far apart we were, our bond was unbreakable. （运用了由that引导宾语从句，no matter how 引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$