训练(2) Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修4同步练测（人教版2019）

训练(二) Section II Learning About Language 5. Everyone should be (presume) [基础语用题] innocent until proven guilty. I.单词拼写 IV.完成句子 1. I might take advantage of the cheap 1.1 (车费)to go and visit my brother. at the moment. 2. In science fiction, an (外星人) 我发现此刻很难用语言表达我的感情。 is a creature from outer space. 2. I wondered whether he was 3. I heard a (传闻)that the president would come to visit our school. 我怀疑他是否是第一个到车站的 4. We have to postpone the meeting, because 3. If you don't understand something, you the (女主席)isill. may research, study, and talk to other 5.Asa (售货员),yourmaintask people is to do everything you can to satisfy a 如果你不理解某事,你可以研究,学习,和 customer. 其他人交谈直到你弄明白。 II.短语填空 4. He made he in a hurry;be aware of;be charged with; add failed the exam. ... to ...,on a/an .. basis 他犯了这么多错,以至于考试没及格。 1. Please the some salt 5. With so many people soup, but don't make it too salty. she felt very nervous. 2. He can murder 这么多人盯着她看,她感到很紧张。 according to this material V.语段填空(所给动词的适当形式完成下列 3. He volunteers to go to the nursing home 语篇) to help the elderly regular The origins of carnival are ancient. Festivals similar to carnival 1. 4. We tend to make mistakes when we do (hold) before the Christian era. things They 2. (celebrate) the return of 5. People begin to the spring after winter. In the Roman period. importance of saving water resources. the date of the festival 3. III. 单句语法填空 (decide) by the Christians calendar. People 1. Having a health checkup (want)5. 4. a (enjoy) regular basis is very important for us. themselves because carnival 6. 2. Laboratory work needs not only accurate (follow) by forty days without meat. measurements but also correct When the new world 7. (calculate). (discover ), the Spanish and Portuguese 3. There are five hundred settlers 8. (bring) carnival with (gramme) of sugar in the box. them. But in the New World, many elements (week) wage. 4. In addition to my of African culture, such as music and costume 9. I got a lot of tips (add) to the 11 高中英语·选择性必修 第四册 festival by people of African origin. Today, radiation environment between the planets (become) a carnival 10. would probably have destroyed all the exposed organic materials. Without truly international festival. the Earth's atmospheric and magnetic(磁场的) [能力提升题] protection, even the plastics and carbon- I. 阅读理解 fibre materials would start to break up. Over A the course of decades or centuries, the car (2022·宿州高二期中)Starman,the will end up with its aluminium(错) frame dummy(仿真人)ridinga cherry-redTesla and hard glass parts-that's assuming that Roadster(特斯拉敞篷车)throughspace. none of them get destroyed in impacts with has made his closest approach ever to Mars. passing space rocks. The electric roadster and its passenger were 1. What can we infer from the first paragraph? attached to the top of a Falcon Heavy rocket A. Starman has set out on its second trip during the SpaceX rocket's first test launch around the Sun. on 6 February 2018. Two years later, the B. Starman has travelled 7. 4 million kilometres Falcon Heavy rocket and the vehicle at its after launch. tip are making their second trip around the C. Starman is now circling around the Earth Sun. Mr. McDowell,a Harvard astrophysicist. in its orbit. found that Starman passed 7. 4 million D. Starman still has a long way to go before kilometres from Mars at 06: 25 GMT 7 getting to Mars. October, 2020. 2. How did McDowell manage to locate The closest recent approach between Starman? the Earth and Mars was 56 $ million A. By keeping Starman under visual observation kilometres in 2oo3, though the planets are B. By predicting its future orbit around often hundreds of millions of miles apart the earth. depending on where they are in their orbits. C. By analyzing data about the rocket's No one can see the Falcon Heavy rocket at movement. its current distance, but orbits over periods D. By seeking professional help from SpaceX of a few years are fairly straightforward to 3. The underlined word"tug" in Paragraph 3 predict, and Mr. McDowell used data about is closest in meaning to how the rocket was moving when it left the A. pressure B. drive C. resistance Earth's gravity behind to locate its recent D. pull movements exactly. 4. What will happen to Starman in decades Last time Starman circled the Sun, or centuries? McDowell said, it crossed Mars' orbit while A. Be reduced to its frame and glass. the Red Planet was quite far away. But this B. Crash onto Mars. time the crossing lined up with a fairly close C. Return to SpaceX on the earth approach, though still not close enough to D. Be recovered during its next space mission. feel a strong tug from Mars. B At this point in time, if you were able (2022·黄山高二期末)Humanstake to go look at the Roadster,it would probably first place when it comes to making long- look pretty different. The strong solar term changes to the earth, but we aren't the only species to make a mark with infrastructure 5. Which word best describes the beaver dams (基础设施). A new look at an 1868 map has according to the text? shown that beaver dams(河 狸 坝)in A. Huge. B. Common. Michigan have been holding strong for at C. Simple. D. Strong. least 150 years. 6. What can Morgan's map be used for? The map is the work of Lewis Henry A. Helping scientists study environmental Morgan, who first traveled to Michigan in changes. the late 185os for his railroad work and B. Helping railroad builders avoid dangerous started studying the beavers in what is now areas. the city of Ishpeming. The resulting book, C. Helping Johnston remap Michigan's 1868's The American Beaver and His rivers. Works, had a map that included 64 beaver D. Helping researchers study how ponds dams and their ponds(池塘). It was Carol are formed. Johnston of South Dakota State University who realized the value in Morgan's map to 7. What do Johnston's findings show? A. Beavers are dying out. modern ecologists(生态学家).Shecreated an updated version using air photos and B. Beavers are born engineers. compared the two, discovering that about 72 C. Beavers are teamwork animals percent of the dams and ponds still exist. D. Beavers are important to humans. 8. What does the passage mentioned in While not all of the dams are still in active use, the findings show the unusual Paragraph 4 show? engineering abilities of the North American A. Morgan's joy of figuring out the dams' beaver. The fact that so many structures are function. still standing after all this time is truly B. Morgan's wish to start International impressive; they are even older than many Beaver Day. of humankind's most beloved structures. C. Morgan's pride in finding beavers' including the Eiffel Tower. "The findings natural habitat. prove that beaver works have been changing D. Morgan's surprise at beavers' willingness the North American, landscape for centuries." to build dams. Johnston says. II.完形填空 For more, check out Morgan's work in (2022·彬州高二期末)Iwasaself- full on the Internet Archive, which includes employed writer. But I had been in a bad lovely passages like this one, “As the dam is 1 of mind since my new neighbor moved not a necessity to the beaver, his normal in. Whenever I had the 2 to write, 1 living place being rather natural ponds and rivers, and holes in their banks, it is an could hear a girl singing next door. She amazing fact that he should have voluntarily didn't sing well at all, even out of tune. worked himself, by means of dams and which was really a 3 for me. ponds of his own construction, from Finally came the day when I felt it too a natural to an artificial way of life." noisy to 4 . I had my husband go to the On that note, don't forget that next door and tried to 5 the matter. International Beaver Day is April 7. These Minutes later, he returned, sighing 6 guys deserve some serious praise. “That girl is only 17 but she has bone 1 高中英语·选择性必修 第四册 11.A. laid cancer. Her mother said that the more B. cured C. rushed painful it is, the louder her daughter sings. D. transformed 12. A. gone It helps her 7 the pain.”On hearing the B. broken news, my 8 sank in a flash. I felt 9 C. melting D. springing 13. A. claimed about my thoughtless action. B. realized From that day on, I no longer felt C. confirmed D. permitted anything 10 , and even got used to her 14. A. position B. company C. distinction singing. The next year I left home on D. reputation business. My husband phoned me that the 15. A. dies B. changes C. develops girl died shortly after being 1l to the D. appears hospital. I returned home in late summer. III.语法填空 Sitting at home I couldn't help feeling (2022·孝感高二期末)By1972, something 12 . Suddenly, I 13 1 Lonely Planet founders Tony and Maureen couldn't hear the next-door girl sing Wheeler 1. ( complete) a anymore. lifechanging journey from London to Australia. “No matter how hard the winds blow. and written a booklet about a portion of it: you will stray(走失)no more from my Across Asia on the Cheap, As they sat in 2. 14 . You shall believe that I am brave Italian restaurant tasting a few only with you ..” Her singing always glasses of wine, they tried to dream up the name for 3. 15 in my mind. I hope the voice is (they) new publishing everlasting. company. “Once while travelling aeross the sky," 1. A. state B. status said Tony,4. C. situation (repeat) the lyrics D. condition 2.A. way B. courage to the song Space Captain, as sung by Joe Cocker,"this lonely planet caught my eye." C. inspiration D. encouragement The correct words were actually "lovely planet". 3. A. failure B. surprise . somehow"lonely planet" stuck ... C. wonder D. headache and here we are today. 4. A. follow B. explain Our hippy-era name. must never have C. tolerate D. understand sounded 6. (suitable) than it does 5. A. put off B. drop off right now,if your passion for travel 7. C. deal with D. subscribe to (contain) as you avoid mixing with others. 6. A. sadly B. calmly I'm so glad we can deliver you some much- C. slowly D. silently needed mental escapism with this issue: to 7. A. cover B. gather transport you between the 8. C. remove D. relieve (place) and people we hope you'll soon be 8.A.mind B. heart encountering in person again. C. body D. thought Let me finish my speech by saying 9. A. guilty B. curious thank you 9. my happy and highly C. satisfied D. reasonable creative team, 10. good humour 10. A. strange B. annoying and spirit of adventure I've so appreciated all C. interesting D. disappointing these years. 24.解析空格处是段落标题。根据下文“Pull together all: passing space rocks..”可知，几十年或几个世纪以后， the data-stuff that agrees...point.Then,for each Starman很可能最多只剩下柜架和玻璃了。故选A。 piece of data,consider the quality of the evidence.”可誰断， 答案A 本较讲述收集数据。A项“收集你的数据。”为最佳标题。 [语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了北美 故选A 海狸不寻常的工程铸造能力，它们留下的河狸水坝有着悠 答案A 久的历史，科学家通过遗存的水坝可以研究生态环境的 5.解析上文“Start with the most likely explanation and 变化。 test it.”讲述证明假设从最可能的解释开始验证，G项 5.解析推理判断题。根据第一段“A new look at an 中的“the next most likely explanation”呼应上文，因此 l868 map has shown that beaver dams(河狸坝)in G项“如果你可以证明它是错的，那就继续下一个最有 Michigan have been holding strong for at least 150 可能的解释.”特合语境，讲述一个检验最有可能的解 y心ars.(对1868年地图的新观察表明，密歌根州的河狸 释。故选G。 水坝至少有150年的历史。)”可知，河狸水坝能够留存 答案G 很长时间，说明它很坚固。故选D。 答案D 训练（二） 6.解析推理判断题。根据第二段“It was Carol Johnston [基础语用题] of South Dakota State University who realized the value in Morgan's map to modern ecologists(生态学家).She 1.fares 2.alien 3.rumour 4.chairwoman 5.salesman created an updated version using air photos and Ⅱ. compared the two,discovering that about 72 percent of 1.add to 2.be charged with 3.on a basis 4.in a the dams and ponds still exist.(南达科他州立大学的卡 hurry 5.be aware of 罗尔斯领意识到摩根地图对现代生态学家的价值。地 Ⅲ， 使用航拍照片创建了一个更斯版本，并将两者进行了比 1.on 2.calculations 3.grammes 4.weekly 5.presumed 较，发现大约72%的水坝和池塘仍然存在。)”可知，摩 W. 根的地图可以帮助科学家通过遭存的水坝来研究生态 1.find it hard to convey my feelings in words 2.the first 环境的变化。故选A。 to arrive at the station 3.until you figure it out 4.so 答案A many mistakes that 5.staring at her 7.解析推理判断题。根据第三段“The findings prove V. that beaver works have been changing the North 1.were held 2.celebrated 3.was decided 4.wanted American landscape for centuries(研究结果证明，河狸 5.to enjoy 6.was followed 7.was discovered 8.brought 留下的作品几个世纪以来一直在改变北美的景观)”可 9.were added 10.has become 知，约翰斯顿的发现说明了河狸留下的水坝影响了自然 [能力提升题] 景观，即河狸是天生的工程师。故选B。 答案B [语篇导读]本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了 8.解析细节理解题。根据第四段“As the dam is not a Starman和座驾特斯拉Roadster接近了火星。 necessity to the beaver,his normal living place being l.解析推理判断题。根据第一段的“Starman,the rather natural ponds and rivers,and holes in their dummy...first test launch on 6 February 2018.""the banks,it is an amazing fact that he should have Falcon Heavy rocket and the vehicle at its tip are voluntarily worked himself,by means of dams and making their second trip around the Sun(猎鹰重型火精 ponds of his own construction,from a natural to an 和其顶端的车辆正在进行第二次绕太阳飞行)”可推断， artificial way of life..(由于大坝对河狸来说不是必需品， Starman已经开始了它的第二次绕太阳飞行。故选A。 它的正常生活场所是自然的池塘和河流，以及河岸上的 答案A 洞，令人惊奇的事实是它竟然主动地凭借自己建造的水 2.解析细节理解題。根据第二段的“Mr.McDowell 坝和池塘，将自然的生活方式改为人工的生活方式。)” 可知，第四段提到的这段话说明了摩根对河狸建造水坝 used data about how the rocket was moving when it left the Earth's gravity behind to locate its recent 的意愿感到惊讶。故选D。 答案D movements exactly'”可知，McDowell是通过分析火箭运 I. 行的数据成功定位Starman的。故选C。 [语篇导读]这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一度讨 答案C 厌新邻居家女孩跑调的歌声，但在了解女孩是通过大声唱 3.解析词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“But this time the 歌来缓解骨痛的疼痛后，作者不再恼怒甚至习惯了歌声的 crossing lined up with a fairly close approach,though 存在。后来女孩去世了，但是她的歌声总是出现在作者的 still not close enough to feel a strong tug from Mars." 脑海里。 可知，这一次，交叉点相当近，然而仍旧不够近，因此推 1.解析考查名词排析。a bad state of mind“一种槽糕的 断感觉不到来自火星的引力，故画线词意为“拉力”，与 心理状态”。故选A。 pull意思相近，故选D。 答案A 答案D 2.解析考查名词耕析。根据“I was a self-employed 4.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Over the course writer..”可知是有写作的灵感。故选C。 of decades or centuries...destroyed in impacts with 答案C 10 3.解析考查名词辨析。根据“She didn't sing well at all,.:2.解析考查冠词。restaurant为可数名词，此处表示泛 even out of tune.”可知她唱得一点也不好，甚至跑调， 指应用不定冠词a或an,且Italian是发音以元音音素 这让作者很头疼。故选D 开头的单词，应用an。故填an。 答案D 答案an 4.解析考查动词析。根据下文“I had my husband go 3.解析考查代词。修饰后文名词company应用形客词 to the next door.”可知作者觉得太吵了，无法忍受。 性物主代词their。故填their. 故选C。 答案their 答案C 4.解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知repeat在 5.解析考查动词短语辩析。根据上文“.I felt it too 句中应用非谓语动词形式，与辽辑主语Toy构成主动 noisy to...""I had my husband go to the next door..." 关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填repeating。 可知作者让地丈夫去隔壁是想处理这件事。故选C。 答案repeating 答案C 5.解析考查连词。结合前后文语境可知，下文与上文表 6.解析考查副词耕析。根据下文“That girl is only17 示转折，应用连词but。故填but。 but she has bone cancer.”可知丈夫回来了，伤心地叹着 答案but 气。故进A。 6.解析考查形客词的比较级。根据后文“than it does 答案A right now”可知，这里应用形容词的比较级more 7.解析考查动词辨析。根据上文“Her mother said that suitable。故填more suitable。 the more painful it is,the louder her daughter sings." 答案nore suitable 可知唱得大声能帮助她减轻疼痛。故选D。 7.解析考查动词的时态和语态。根据后文“you avoid'” 答案D 可知应用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系， 8.解析考查名词辨析。根据上文“That girl is only17 故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为your passion for but she has bone cancer,.”可知听到这个消息，作者的心 travel,谓语动词用单数。故填is contained. 一下子沉了下去。故选B。 答案is contained 答案B 8.解析考查名词的单复数。place为可数名词，结合语 9.解析考查形容词辩析。根据“…my…sank in a flash” 境可知应用复数形式。故填places。 可知作者对自己轻率的行为感到内疚。故选A 答案places 答案A 9.解析考查介词。表示“向某人说…”可知短语为5ay l0.解析考查形容词辨析。根据“and even got used to something to sb..。故填to. her singing.”可知从那天起作者不再感到恼怒。故 答案to 选B。 10.解析考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰 答案B 先行词creative team,先行词在从句中作定语，故应用 ll.解析考查动词辨析。根据“the girl died shortly 关系代词whose。故填whose。 after being…to the hospital.”可知丈夫打电话告诉作 答案whose 者，女孩被紧急送往医院后不久就死亡了。故选C。 训练（三） 答案C [基础语用题] 12.解析考查形客词辨析。极据上文“…and even got used to her singing."和“the girl died shortly”可 1.labour 2.niece 3.maximum 4.lamp 5.pace 知女孩去世了，作者再也听不到她的歌声，对于习惯了 6.leather 7.backwards 8.fetch 9.inches 她歌声的作者来说，感到有些东西不在了。故选A。 10.handkerchief 答案A Ⅱ. l3.解析考查动词耕析。根据“Suddenly”可知作者意识 1.fell away 2.superior to 3.rise up 4.turned out 到自己再也听不到隔壁女孩唱歌了。故选B。 5.from time to time 6.took over 7.conflict with 答案B 8.took place 9.have an urge to 10.Due to 14.解析考查名词辨析。根据下文“You shall believe Ⅲ. that I am brave only with you.”可知这是女孩唱歌的 1.randomly 2.away 3.to 4.with 5.explosions 内客“你都不会再离开我的陪伴”。故选B。 6.division 7.muddy 8.out 答案B N. l5.解析考查动词辨析。根据下文“I hope the voice is 1.It was that 2.sounds as if 3.As/So long as you everlasting.”可知女孩的歌声总是出现在作者的脑海 listen carefully,you can keep pace with the teacher 里。故选D。 4.At the back of the classroom sat 5.it isn't very hard 答案D for him to become [能力提升题] [语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《孤独 1. 星球》的创始人Tony Wheeler和Maureen Wheeler给《i [语篇导读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞行 独星球》系列图书命名的经过，以及他们想要传达的理念。 出租车。文章先介绍了飞行车的历史，然后介绍其现欲、 1,解析考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“By1972”可知 优势和未来。 应用过去完成时。故填had completed。 1.解析细节理解题。根据第一段“On March30th 答案had completed Lilium,a German company that...investors think the 11