Unit 1 Grammar——复习被动语态-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修4同步练测（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 2This advertisement is calculated Three months later I found myself on a (attract)the attention of housewives. plane to Phoenix,Arizona. (2)用calculate的适当形式完成下列片段 三个月后，我发现自己登上了飞往亚利桑那 ③You can completely on the 州凤凰城的飞机。 to the result,for its Even the best writers sometimes find is always correct. 你完全可以依靠这个计算器来计算结果，因 themselves lost for words. 为它的计算总是正确的。 甚至最好的作家有时候也会发现自己表达 不出来。 [重点句型] When I returned to London in 2004,I found “find十宾语十宾语补足语”结构 myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there. (教材P4)It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between 2004年，当我回到伦敦时，我发现自己徘徊 reality and science fiction in the future. 在南岸，在那里待了几个小时。 如果我们发现将来很难区分现实和科幻小 [活学活用] 说，那也就不足为奇了。 (1)单句语法填空 [句式剖析司 ①He found a cow (tie)to the 句中found it difficult to distinguish属 tree in the yard. 于“find十宾语+宾语补足语”结构，it是形 2When she woke up,she found herself 式宾语，to distinguish是其正的宾语，形容 (lie)in hospital. 词difficult作宾语补足语。 [归纳拓展] 3After we saw the movie,we found it “find十宾语十宾语朴足语”的结构形式归纳： very (interest). (I)ind十it十宾语补足语（形容词/名词）十todo(it是 (2)单句写作 形式宾语，odo是真正的宾语) 现在分词（表示主动、进行） ④坦率地说，也许你会觉得自学唐诗很难。 过去分词（表示被动、完成） (2)find+宾语十 Frankly speaking,maybe you'll 形容词 介词短语 Grammar 复习被动语态 2.(教材P2).but Larry persuaded her that 2教材示例 the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her 用所给动词的适当形式完成下面教材中的句 (harm). 子并体会它们的语法特征 3.(教材P2)Now she 1.(教材P2)It was going (look)after by a robot that looked so (test)out by Larry's wife,Claire. human,and it was disturbing. 11 高中英语·选择性必修第四册 4.(教材P2)Ashe 要点二各种时态的被动语态 (not allow)to accompany her to the shops, 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 he wrote out a list of things that he would am/is/ am/is/are 现在 has/have been done need for his work on the house. are done being done 5.(教材P2)How awful was/ was/were 过去 had been done (discover)by her,Claire thought. were done being done 要点突破 shall/will shall/will have been 将来 be done done 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被 Many animals are being killed and their 动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行 habitats are being damaged. 者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 许多动物正在被杀害，而且它们的栖息地正 被动语态的形式是“be十动词过去分词”。 在遭到破坏。 一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。 They said they had been invited to the 有时被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语 party. 他们说已经被邀请参加聚会了。 表示出来。 The work will have been finished by the end 要点一被动语态的用法 of next month. 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。 到下个月底前这项工作将会被完成。 Paper was first invented in China. [对点训练1] 纸是中国首先发明的。 用所给动词的正确时态，语态填空 2.强调动作的承受者时，需要说出动作的执行 D We are confident that the environment 者，用by短语表示出来。 (improve)by our A special class to help poor readers was set further efforts to reduce pollution. up by an expert in the school. 2 It is the first time that the actress's 学校的一位专家开办了一个帮助阅读困难 performance (recognize) 者的特色班。 by the director. 3I have to go to work by taxi because my 3.由于修辞的原因，或是为了使句子结构更 car (repair)at the garage. 合理。 要点三使用被动语态应注意的几个问题 The professor came to our school and was 1.否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态 warmly welcomed by the teachers and 动词之后。 students. He was extremely disappointed to hear that 那位数授来到我们学校并受到师生们的热 he would not be given a doctoral degree. 烈欢迎。 听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极，点。 12 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 2.含有双宾语的被动结构：有些动词后面常常 What he said at the meeting sounded 带有双宾语（间接宾语十直接宾语）。这种 encouraging. 句子变为被动语态时，可以使用“间接宾语 他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。 (一般是人)”作主语，也可使用“直接宾语 (2)当wash、write、sell、open、close、shut (一般是物)”作主语。 lock,cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily My father is telling me an interesting wll等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 story now. The book written by that famous writer -An interesting story is being told to me by sells very well. my father now. 那位著名作家写的书很畅销。 --I'm being told an interesting story by my (3)“need、want、require、deserve等+ father now. 我的爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。 doing”用主动形式表示被动意义。 3.含有复合宾语的被动结构：变被动句时应将宾 His hair needs cutting.-His hair needs to 语变成被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动 be cut. (这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。 他的头发需要剪了。 We saw him sitting there without doing (4)be worth doing=be worthy to be done, anything. 主动形式表示被动意义。 -He was seen sitting there without doing The novel is worth reading again.-The anything by us. novel is worthy to be read again. 我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。 这部小说值得再读一次。 4.动词短语的被动结构：动词短语在主动结构 [对点训练2] 中是一个不可分割的词组，要把它们作为整 体看待，相当于一个及物动词。在被动结构 将下列各句改为被动语态 中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。 We saw a stranger enter the building just Kids in the kindergarten are being taken now. good care of. -→A stranger 幼儿园的孩子们被照顾得很好。 2My uncle gave me a present the other day. 5.含有情态动词的被动结构：“情态动词十be →A present 十过去分词” 3These small trees need taking good care of. Nowadays,solar energy can be used to -These small trees need produce electricity in many countries. 现在太阳能在许多国家可以用来发电。 要点四动词不定式的被动语态 6.主动形式表示被动意义。 (1)连系动词（如look、sound、smell、feel 1.动词不定式的被动语态由“to十be十及物动 taste、.remain、seem、hear、appear、prove等) 词的过去分词”构成，当动词不定式所表示 后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动 的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要 意义。 用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被 13 》高中英语·选择性必修第四册 动式只有一般式(to be done)和完成式(to [对点训练3] have been done). 单句语法填空 The magazines are not allowed to be taken DWe have four reading passages out of the library. (complete)in the coming holiday. 这些杂志不被允许带出图书馆。 2The old man found the computer was hard (operate). I am proud to have been admitted to Peking 3I'm doing some washing.Do you have University. any clothes (wash)? 我很自豪已被北京大学录取。 2.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的 口即学活用 情况。 I,单句语法填空 (1)动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代 1.It is declared that our salary 词构成动宾关系，且句中出现了动作的逻辑 (raise)from next month. 主语时；如果动作的执行者在主语或宾语中 2.New Zealand wine is of high quality and 没有出现，则用动词不定式的被动式。 sell all over the The villager will show you the secret path world. to take. 3.To live a healthy and happy life,the 这位村民将告诉你要走的秘密小道。 pollution must (stop). I'll go to the post office.Do you have 4.Your experiment report (type)now and it anything to be posted? (finish)soon. 我要去邮局。你有东西要邮寄吗？（此句中 5.To make way for the wide street,these 的动词不定式to be posted的执行者不是句 houses need pull) 子的主语you而是ID down. (2)在“主语十be十ad5.十todo”结构中，动词 6.It (report)that the 不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动形式 injured had already been sent to the 表示被动含义。常用形容词有easy、difficult、 hospital. hard、interesting、pleasant、comfortable、.heavy、 7.She had no money buy)a good、nice等。 birthday present for their children. Our headmaster looks hard to get close to, 8.We won't start the work until all the preparations (make). but in fact he is easy to get along with. 9.The moment I entered the meeting room,a 我们校长看起来很难接近，但实际上他很容 ridiculous proposal 易相处。 (discuss). (3)动词不定式与疑问词连用时， 10.The next thing (do)is to With so many books at hand,Tom had no clean the classroom. idea which to read first. Ⅱ，将下列各句改为被动语态 手头上有那么多的书，汤姆不知道先读哪 1.They will give me a chance to play in this 一本。 game again. UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION →A chance 4.He hurried to the station,but was told the train had left. 2.We planted many trees in the northwest of -He hurried to the station,only China last year. →Many trees 5.Many young translators have translated pop songs into English in recent years. 3.We will plant more trees there to improve →Pop songs the environment. →More trees 提示 请完成《素能提升训练》训练二 SectionⅢ Using Language,Assessing Your Progress Video Time 基础认知自主学习 单词识记句型展示 I,重点单词 2.divide vt.分开；分割；分成：分配→ ◆基础单词 n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法） 1. n. 劳动（者）：体力劳动 3 n.强烈的欲望；冲动.催促；力 1. 奋斗；努力工作 劝；大力推荐→urgent adj巧.紧急的；急迫的； 2 n. 皮革；[l.]皮衣：皮外套 急切的→urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地一 3. n. 控制板：仪表盘； urgency n.紧急；迫切；紧急的事 专家咨询组 4 adj.随机的：不可思议的→ 4. n. 英寸（长度单位，等于 randomly adv..随机地，任意地；无目的地 2.54厘米) vi.&l.爆炸；爆破→explosion 5. adv. 向后；倒着；往回 n.爆炸；爆破→explosive adj..爆炸（式）的， 6. n. 侄女：外甥女 爆发的 7. vt. (去)拿来：（去）请来 6. n.泥；泥浆→muddy ad山.沾满泥 8. n. 手帕：纸巾 的，泥泞的 9. n. 灯：台灯 10. n. 速度；步伐；节奏 Ⅱ.重点短语 t.&vi.确定速度；调整节奏 1.pros cons 事物的利与弊； 11. adj. 最大极限的 支持与反对 最大量：最大限度 2.superior 比…更好；更胜一筹 ●拓展单词 3.take 占上风：取而代之； 1. adj.更好的：占优势的；（在级别 接管：接手 或重要性上)更高的→superiority n.优越 one's opinion在某人看来 感：优越性，优势 5.conflict 与…冲突或抵触 15同步课堂讲义 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 3.the first non-human in the world to be given citizenship 【美文欣赏·话题链接】一探究问题 by a country Because it can show human emotions. 4.so many games that Section I Reading and Thinking 5.With exams being adapted into 【要点精研讲练互动】一核心词汇 【基础认知自主学习】 L.话学话用①Basic②on/upon:③Based 【,重点单词一基础单词 ④on a consistent basis 1.fiction 2.bonus 3.integrity 4.dignity 5.salary 2.活学活用①calculator ②to attract ③calculate 6.nail 7.saleswoman 8.suspend 9.ladder 10.dismiss calculator calculate calculation 拓展单词 重点句型 1.appointment 2.guilty 3.declare 活话学活用①tied②lying③interesting ④find it Ⅱ，重点短语 difficult to learn Tang poems by yourself 1.out 2.like 3.with 4.or 5.with 6.around Grammar- 复习被动语态 7.after 8.in 9.with 10.to Ⅲ，阅读词汇 教材示例 1.思蠢的：荒谬的：荒唐的 1.to be tested 2.to be harmed 3.was being looked 2.荒谬的：荒唐的 4.was not allowed 5.to be discovered 3.然而：但是：尽管 要点突破 N.重点句型 [对点训练1] 1.more like a human than Dwill be improved ②has been recognized 2.it was ridiculous that is being repaired [对点训练2] 3.as they turned each page ②was 4.there stood Dwas seen to enter the building by us just now given to me by my uncle the other day to be taken 5.suspended from the ceiling 【语篇精读合作探究】—一整体理解 good care of 对点训练3] I.1-3 BAC ①to complete ②to operate ③to be washed Ⅱ.1-4CCAA 即学活用 ll.1.called 2.alarmed 3.it 4.which 5.elegant 8.finally 9.(should)invite I,单句语法填空 6.To decorate 7.items 1.will be raised 2.is sold 3.be stopped 4.is being 10.What typed will be finished 5.pulling.'to be pulled 6.was 【要点精研 讲练互动】一核心词汇 reported 7.to buy 8.have been made 9.was being L.话学话用①appointment②to look③as④atth discussed 10.to be done appointed time broke an appointment Ⅱ.将下列各句改为被动语态 2.话学话用①about/.at②of③guilty④feel really guilty 1.will be given to me to play in this game again by them 3.活学活用①解窟②消除③解散④wa5 dismissed 2.were planted by us in the northwest of China last year from her post 3.will be planted by us there to improve the environment 4.话学活用①on/against②declaration for 4.to be told the train had left ③declared④announced 5.have been translated into English by many young 重点句型 translators in recent years L.活学活用①than②has been tested SectionⅢ Using Language,Assessing Your more frightened than hurt Progress Video Time 2.活学活用①By the window sat ②Present at the meeting were There stands 【基础认知自主学习】 【,重点单词一基础单词 Section II Learning About Language 1,labour 2.leather 3.panel 4.inch 5.backwards 【基础认知自主学习】 backward 6.niece 7.fetch 8.handkerchief 9.lamp 【,重点单词一基础单词 10.pace 11.maximum 1.rumour 2.presume 3.fare 4.chairwoman 5.gramme/ 拓展单词 gram 6.flour 7.venue 8.salesman 9.alien 1.superior 2.division 3.urge 4.random 5.explode 拓展单词 6.mud 1.weekly 2.calculate Ⅱ.重点短语 川，重点短语 1.and 2.to 3.over 4.in 5.with 6.out 7.away 1.in 2.of 3.with 4.on 5.up 8.up 9.to 10.to 11.place 12.to Ⅲ.重点句型 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 1.until proven otherwise 1.无行动：不采取措施 2.found it difficult to distinguish 2.操纵杆：杠杆