第03讲 必修三Unit 3 The world online教材知识新课预习-【寒假自学课】2025年高一英语寒假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

第03讲 Unit 3 The world online 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理(吃透教材) 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 语言能力：掌握和网络相关的语音、词汇以及语法知识； 文化意识：引导学生思考互联网的发展与用户使用习惯的关系； 思维品质：引导学生正确看待互联网和智能手机，培养辩证思维能力； 学习能力：就是否应该携带手机上学这一话题，通过小组合作，用英语进行辩论；设计一个公益广告，号召人们适度使用智能手机。 单元知识点 单元词汇 1. access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用 [教材原文]One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information. 互联网的最大好处之一就是能(让人)快速、轻易地获取大量信息。 (1)access to sth. 去……的通路 have access to有权使用……；可以接近…… gain/get access to得到……的使用权；获得接近……的机会 (2)accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的 be accessible to可以进入；可以使用 2. majority n. 大部分，大多数；多数票 [教材原文]No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information. 难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。 (1)the majority of大多数 the majority大众，大多数人 be in a/the majority 占多数 (2)major adj. 主要的 n. 主修课程，专业；主修学生vi.主修 play a major role in the film 在影片中担任主角 major in＋专业 主修……专业 3. arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列 [教材原文]When you wish to go on holiday, you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer. 你想去度假，在电脑前就能安排所有的旅游行程。 (1)make arrangements/an arrangement for为……做好安排 arrive at/come to an arrangement谈妥，达成协议 (2)arrange vt. 安排；筹备；整理；排列；布置 arrange for sth. 安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事 4. comment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt. 表达意见 [教材原文]An instant message, a group chat, a video call, a comment on an update—there are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them. 即时信息、群聊、视频通话、实时评论——有无数种途径来分享我们对事件的看法或让人知道我们关心他们。 (1)have a comment 有意见要发表 make a comment on/about 对……做出评论 without comment 未做评论 no comment 无可奉告 (2)comment on 对……做出评论 comment that... 评论说…… 5. aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 [教材原文]As with any great invention, we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly. 就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并恰当地、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。 (1)aware of 意识到；知道 be aware that... 意识到…… as far as I'm aware 据我所知 (2)awareness n. 认识，意识 develop an awareness of 培养……意识 raise/increase public awareness of sth. 加强/增强公众对某事物的意识 6. addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子 [教材原文]I was a smartphone addict. 我是一个智能手机上瘾者。 (1)addiction n. 瘾；入迷，嗜好 addiction to sth. 对……上瘾 (2)addicted adj. (人)上瘾的；对……着迷的 be/become/get addicted to 对……上瘾；沉迷于……(to是介词) (3)addictive adj. (药物等)使人上瘾的；使人着迷的 7. quit v. 停止；戒掉；离开 [教材原文]Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit. 慢慢染上这个习惯很容易，但想改掉却没那么容易。 quit doing sth. 停止做某事 quit as... 辞去……职务 8. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢 [教材原文]Best of all, I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. 更好的是，我开始用自己的眼睛，而不是通过智能手机的相机欣赏生活的美。 (1)appreciate (sb.) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。 (2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 单元短语 1. take off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；脱下，摘掉；(飞机等)起飞；休息，休假 [教材原文]Soon emojis took off throughout the world. 很快表情符号就风靡全球了。 take away 拿走；消除 take in 吸收；欺骗；收留 take back 收回说错的话；退回 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take down 记下；拆卸 take over 接管，接任 take out 带……出去；提取 take up 拿起；占据；开始从事 2. bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 [教材原文]In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results. 用在图书馆找本书的时间，我们能用搜索引擎找到数百万条结果。 bring about 引起，导致 bring back 带回；使回忆起；恢复 bring down 降低，减少 bring forward 将……提前；提出 bring in 引入；赚得 bring out 使显现，使表现出 3. cut back on减少，削减 [教材原文]I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do. 我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut up 切碎；使伤心 cut off 切断；停掉；隔绝 cut in 插队；插嘴 cut across/through 抄近路穿过 单元句型 1. No matter where 引导状语从句 [教材原文]No matter where we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones, find longlost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. 无论在哪里，我们都能与爱的人保持联系，找到许久没有音信的朋友，发现与我们有共同爱好的新社区。 (1)引导让步状语从句的词还有： no matter what＝whatever不管/无论什么 no matter which＝whichever 不管/无论哪一个 no matter how＝however 不管/无论怎样 no matter who＝whoever不管/无论是谁 no matter when＝whenever不管/无论什么时候 no matter whether... 不管是否…… (2)whatever, whichever和whoever也可以引导名词性从句，但不可用no matter what/which/who替换。 2. “only＋状语(从句)”置于句首引起的部分倒装。 [教材原文]Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone. 只有这样，互联网才能够成为每个人的发现、想象和启发之地。 句型为：Only＋状语从句＋ be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他。 [名师点津]only修饰主语时，句子不倒装。 3. 疑问词+不定式 [教材原文]I was used to checking the news and my friends' social media updates every few minutes, but now I did not know what to do with myself. 我习惯每过几分钟就查看新闻，看看朋友们的社交媒体消息更新，但现在我却不知道要如何打发时间。 [句式分析]本句是一个but连接的并列句；在but连接的分句中含有“疑问词＋to do”构成的短语作know的宾语。 “疑问词＋不定式短语”相当于一个名词性从句，常用在某些动词如tell，know，imagine，learn，decide，forget，remember，consider，understand等后面作宾语，另外还可作主语、表语、同位语等。 【巩固练习】 I.请根据句意或所给提示词用适当形式填空。 1. A survey shows many divorced fathers only have a________ to their children at weekends. 2. Only if both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be e________ in this region. 3. The m________ of students, accounting for 78 percent, are in favour of this idea. 4. Last year, the Ministry of Education released ________(指导方针) saying that primary and middle school textbooks need to include more information about traditional culture. 5. The pilot lost contact with the ________(军事的) base, as a result of which the plane crashed in the desert. 6. Being a________ to the Internet will to some extent do harm to both mental and physical health. 7. It’ s a bit ________(吓人的，恐怖的) to think that some day, instead of machines working for us, we will be working for them. 8. The boy nearly ________(离开) school because he failed to adapt himself to the new school life abroad. 9. Many ________(技术的) experts at that time had doubts about the new technology of making paper. 10. The key to happiness is to have ________(感激) for the good things in life and to focus on goals. Ⅱ.根据句意选择方框中所给短语并用适当形式填空。 to a certain extent; at one’s fingertips; bring up; above all else; belong to; set up; be glued to sth.; shoot past; knock sb. off one’s feet; cut back on 1. How to get to the deserted island is ________________. 2. The manager agreed with me ________________, but he didn’t approve my suggestion. 3. You can hardly imagine what difficulty she had ________________ her three children all by herself. 4. I am discovering that many people want, ________________, to live life to the fullest. 5. Prices are rising so fast, so many people are working out ways to ________________ their expenses. 6. Even if I ________________ by life one day, I will never give up and will try to get back up again. 7. Games are won by players who focus on the playing field, not by those whose eyes ________________ the scoreboard. 8. I was cycling on the pavement when a car ________________ me. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.He ________________________ the exam, but he was too careless.(could)  他本来可以通过考试,但他太粗心了。 2. The man lay there, ________________________. (独立主格结构)  那个人躺在那里,他的双手在颤抖。 3. ________________________ so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.(with复合结构)  由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起奢侈品。 4.How beautifully she sings! I’ve ________________ heard ________________ voice.(否定词+比较级)  她唱得多好啊!这是我听到的最美的歌喉。 5. ________________________ we learn English well.(only引导倒装句)  只有这样我们才能学好英语。 单元语法 现在分词做定语，状语和宾补 一、动词ing形式作定语 1. 单个的动词ing形式可以作前置定语，一般有两种含义。 (1)说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room＝a room which is used for reading阅览室 running shoes＝shoes for running跑鞋 a working method＝a method of working工作方法 a sewing machine＝a machine of sewing缝纫机 a drawing board＝a board of drawing画板 (2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可以表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。 developing countries＝countries that are developing发展中国家 an ordinarylooking house＝a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子 a disappointing play令人失望的戏剧 an astonishing adventure惊人的冒险 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 the setting sun 落日 2. 作定语的动词ing形式如果是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。 3. 有些情况下，动词ing形式不能用来作定语，必须使用定语从句。 (1)动词ing形式作定语时，表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，若两者不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。 昨天来的教授将要给我们做一个讲座。 【误】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture. 【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. (2)动词ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作定语。 被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要被重修了。 【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 二、动词ing形式作状语 动词ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。 1. 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 2. 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 3. 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 4. 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 5. 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 三、动词ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 动词ing形式可以在see，hear，notice，watch，feel，smell，look at，listen to，observe，find等表示感官和心理状态的动词(词组)后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。 2. 动词ing形式和动词原形作宾语补足语的区别：在see，hear, feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，既可用动词ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用动词原形构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用动词原形时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。 [名师点津]　如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用动词原形来表示，不用动词ing形式。 3. 动词ing形式也可用在have，get，leave，keep，set，catch等表示“致使”的动词后作宾语补足语。 【巩固练习】 (1)When we got a call ________(say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was a joke. (2)On the last day of our weeklong stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. Nervously ________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (4)At weekends, the park was full of people, ________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. (5)Around 13, 500 new jobs were created during the period, ________(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts. (6)________(approach) the car, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. (7)Actors ________(star) in comedies are expected to have a better sense of humour. (8)The most effective way of helping sufferers of perceived social isolation is ________(get) them ________(involve) in some ________(train) courses. (9)It was so cold and he had the fire ________(burn) all night long. (10)On a ________ morning the little match girl was found ________ at the corner of the street. (freeze) (11)The participants ________(participate) in the Olympics tried their best to win glory for their countries. (12)The house ________(belong) to Mr Green was destroyed in the fire. (13)________(think) about the situation for a while, I decided to ask Roy for help. (14)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________(measure) over 90 metres. (15)A student will be immediately removed if he is found ________(cheat) in the exam. 单元写作 写一篇网络用途的调查报告 关于网络用途的调查报告属于说明文。这类文章一般以柱状图、饼状图、线状图或图表的形式出现。写此类文章时首先要认真看图,找出里面所隐含的信息,然后通过相关的数据对某一现象进行客观描述。写作时要以事实为根据,避免加入个人的观点。 典题分析 假定你是李华,最近你就高中生网络使用的情况进行了调查并写了一篇报道。请根据下面的要点提示对你的调查作简要介绍,发给报社。 要点提示:1.主要用途; 2.出现的问题。 注意:1.词数80个左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。 As we all know, the Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. Recently, I did a survey about how the students in my school make use of the Internet. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作迁移： 假设你是李华，对中学生课外上网的利弊进行调查采访。写一篇博文介绍学生们对上网的看法，并呼吁正确使用互联网。 使用互联网的益处 使用互联网的弊端 1.可以使用大量的数据库，得到很多最新的信息 2.很多学习软件不仅有助于学生的学习，还激发了他们的兴趣 3.方便交流和沟通 1.沉迷于网络会影响学习 2.有时，会泄露个人隐私信息 3.甚至会遇到一些网络挑事者或网霸 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Today I want to blog about the advantages and disadvantages of surfing the Internet for students. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 考点1 access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用 1. Kayak makes kayak racing, an extreme sport, ________(access) to the majority. 2. Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area, education wasn’t ________(access) to children. 3. All of the library’s databases are ________(access) through any computer connected to the school network. 4. Only high officials have access ________ the president. 5. This is the only access ________ his house because it is almost surrounded by water. 6. One of the greatest advantages of the Internet is that you can get a huge amount of information easily. One of the greatest advantages of the Internet is that ________________ a huge amount of information easily. (用access短语改写) 考点2 majority n. 大部分，大多数；多数票 1. When the headteacher spoke out his plan, the ________(major) of the students were against it. 2. The ________(major) of my classmates come from the countryside. 3. A couple of people objected to the proposal, but the vast ________(major) approved of it. 考点3 arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列 1. He expressed gratitude to the king for his warm reception and considerate________(arrange). 2. The organizers failed to make the necessary ________(arrange) for dealing with so many people. 3. The meeting has been arranged ________ Wednesday. 4. When you arrange________ the conference, keep in mind that you should not leave out those details. 考点4 comment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt.表达意见 1. Everyone present at the concert began to comment ________ her performance. 2. It’s impolite to comment ________ others’ decisions if you don’t know the sufferings and adversity they encounter. 3. Don’t offer ________(comment) if you cannot understand the real meaning. 4. I’d appreciate your replying to my letter at your earliest convenience. ＝________________ you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. 如果方便时你能尽快回复我的信件，我将感激不尽。 考点5 aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 1. In my opinion, it’s very important to develop ________ awareness of health now. 2. Education, training, ________(aware) and observation lead to changed attitude. 3. The local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental ________(aware) and encourage greater use of clean energy. 考点6 addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子 1. I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I find it quite ________(addict). 2. Many teenagers today are attracted to online games, but they should manage their time so that they won’t be ________(addict) to those games. 3. The expert was so addicted to ________(do) the project that he didn’t notice me come in. 考点7 appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢 1. I would appreciate ________ if you could help me to post the letter. 2. People appreciate ________(work) with him because he has a good sense of humor. 3. I really appreciate your ________(call) back this afternoon. 考点9 cut back on 减少，削减 1. When at the hotel, we can reduce our impact by cutting back ________ water consumption and not having our bedding and towels ________(wash) every day. 2. The food prices are going up, so we will cut back ________ the use of some expensive vegetables. 3. You can cut ________ the unimportant details when reading through the article. (用适当的词填空) 4. If he had taken the doctor’s advice and cut ________ sugary drinks and fast food, he would be much better now. 考点10 “only＋状语(从句)”置于句首引起的部分倒装。 1. Only when you have a goal and go for it with perseverance ________________________. 只有当你有目标并且持之以恒地去追求时，你的梦想才能实现。 2. They can grow up to be independent and become truly successful in this way. (句型转换) → Only in this way ________________________  to be independent and become truly successful. 3. Only in this way ________ the team begin its journey to the next Olympics. 考点11.动词不定形式作定语 1. The deadly earthquake, ________(measure) 9.1 on the Richter scale struck the city and caused heavy damage. 2. The committee ________(consist) of ten members, has been dissolved. 3. His wife takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor ________(live) in London. 4. We can keep in contact with someone who lives on the other side of the world within seconds. (用动词-ing形式改写句子) We can keep in contact with someone ________________________. 考点12 动词不定形式作状语 1. A terrible fire broke out last night, ________(leave) many buildings seriously damaged. 2. Jean, ________(not know) where to f ind the magazine, asked her mother where it was. 3. ________________(not f ind) the missing boy, they had to stay there for another two weeks. 4. After he finished all his homework, he went to bed. (用动词-ing形式改写句子) ________________________, he went to bed. 考点13 动词不定形式作补语 1. She heard the wind ________(whistle) through the trees and felt a little frightened. 2. I felt an overwhelming sense of guilt ________(arise) from my actions. 3. I regularly see groups of people in restaurants ________(pay) more attention to their phones than to each other. 4. She saw her 4-year-old son who was offering guests the Wi-Fi password. (用动词-ing形式改写句子) She saw her 4-year-old son ________________________. 一、阅读理解 Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information, but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language. Dozens of terms and phrases have originated on social media. “Selfie” was named word of the year by the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013. Two years later, the “Face with Tears of Joy” emoji became their “word” of the year. There are many more examples of social media slang (俚语) included in the dictionary. Besides, words like “hashtag” and “lol” have become ordinary, all thanks to their wide usage on social media platforms. Other social media words are new combinations of other words. Photobomb, for instance, describes the phenomenon of getting into somebody’s photographs accidentally, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms. Social media has done more than invent new words and combine existing ones. It has completely transformed the meaning of a large portion of our language. The word “friend” is now widely used as a verb to mean adding someone on social media platforms. The word “add” means sending an invitation to connect social media accounts. The number of “likes” is now a measurement of popularity. So far, we have only discussed social media’s effect on the English language, but one significant variation in language it has brought about involves communication across different languages. Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to reduce language barriers for users. This deserves praise in theory, and the function has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as translation agency Global Voices points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm (算法) can translate this. Another way social media has made progress in breaking down the language barrier is with AI chatbots, which are becoming increasingly popular on social media. Some users have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who’s to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good? 1. What does the underlined word “Photobomb” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Intentionally stealing the scene. B. Casually playing tricks in the photo. C. Unexpectedly appearing in the photo. D. Actively participating in the photo. 2. What do we know about social media’s translation function? A. It is only useful for some specific languages. B. It is not as good as expected due to cultural differences. C. It is the best way to communicate across different languages. D. It is completely accurate and has removed all language barriers. 3. What is some people’s attitude towards chatbots when it comes to language learning? A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Critical. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Development of the English Language B. The Role of Technology in Communication C. The Rise of New Words in the Digital Age D. The Impact of Social Media on Language Development 二、七选五 How to Have a Better Conversation on Social Media You’re not alone if you find social media to be both a space for staying informed and a space full of hate and disagreement. These days, that is the landscape we log into and struggle in. 1 . Don’t voice opinions on everything Too much information is like an “Everything Storm” for us to absorb and respond. Thus, it’s OK — and normal — that there are some topics we know more about and others we know almost nothing about. 2 . By focusing on just one or two topics and leaning on our own personal experience, rather than unclear references online, we can escape the storm or at least. grab an umbrella as it strikes. Find a place to fully express ourselves 3 . However, sometimes our thoughts are too messy or complicated to express in a bite-size package. Move to modes of communication that allow us to fully express ourselves without limits. Talking on the phone or in person may not always be possible. Try taking conversations to direct messages. Stop competing for “likes” The internet has become an arena(竞技场), where we all compete, for “likes”. We use emojis to cheer and boo(发出嘘声). Often the supposed winner of a debate is who-gets the most “likes.” This can be entertaining, yet it blocks the forming of genuine connections with people. 4 . Find a place far away from the audience, where we are not judged and scored instantly for what we say. Accept differences It’s sad but true: many of us act differently online than we would in real life, and often see anyone who disagrees as a “troll”(网络怪物). 5 Remember we’re speaking with someone whose feelings and experiences have shaped their opinions. Approach people online with compassion, and we’re on the way to opening doors to new understandings. A. Exit the battlefield B. Remove this word from our vocabulary C. It is wise to limit our comments to the former D. Many social platforms enforce strict word limits E. Luckily, we can still survive with some strategies F. Briefing your message in a reply will get you more connections G. Our online feelings can be described as “entertaining” and “connecting” 三、完形填空 Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy. 1 , social media can be terrible for your health. It’s our 2 of it that’s out of control. British evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have. You may have 800 friends on Wechat, but you’re not 3 them in person. Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have 4 interactions with? If you’re using social media to feel more connected, a recent study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that it’s not 5 , and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression. Positive interactions on social media don’t help people feel 6 . Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness. The same goes for 7 , which social media encourages. Another study, published by the American Psychological Association, shows that comparing yourself to others through social media also produces 8 effects, leading to symptoms of depression. Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a (n) 9 idea. Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all. Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two 10 . So how should you 11 your social media usage? First, know your time and 12 of use. Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you. Then, be in charge of your 13 , rather than let it be in charge of you. Your phone’s rings or vibrations (震动) don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you. Finally, consider using your device as a (n) 14 builder. Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight. When you’re in control of your 15 , social media becomes a tool to enrich your life but not a distraction that makes you feel miserable. 1. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Nevertheless D. Likewise 2. A. use B. reform C. ignorance D. range 3. A. commenting on B. cooperating with C. competing with D. connecting with 4. A. virtual B. meaningful C. constant D. complex 5. A. automatic B. productive C. working D. appealing 6. A. more confident B. more satisfied C. calmer D. happier 7. A. comparison B. sharing C. connection D. variety 8. A. instructive B. restrictive C. negative D. active 9. A. widespread B. bad C. creative D. undervalued 10. A. conditions B. assumptions C. influences D. developments 11. A. reduce B. analyze C. manage D. track 12. A. strategies B. boundaries C. efficiency D. purposes 13. A. device B. schedule C. decision D. emotion 14. A. knowledge B. character C. relationship D. confidence 15. A. digital consumption B. personal interaction C. daily routine D. working habit 四、语法填空 The Mid-Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, is 1 time for family and friends to reunite. As a famous Chinese poem goes, “The dew is whiter from tonight; the moon is 2 (bright) in my hometown.” Since ancient times, people in China 3 (gather) under the bright, full moon to enjoy mooncakes together, while those far away would gaze at the same moon, wishing for future reunions. On September 13, a group of journalists, international students and influencers(网红) met in Beijing to celebrate the conclusion of the second 4 (train) workshop for we-media influencers from Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. The annual workshop aims to promote friendship between participants 5 enhance mutual understanding between China and LAC countries. This year, it invited influencers 6 23 LAC countries to tour China, visiting places including Beijing, Hunan, Fujian and Shandong provinces. The most popular stall(摊位) was one 7 visitors could experience huadian, a form of traditional Chinese facial 8 (decorate), literally meaning “floral ornamental emblems.” 9 (date) back to written records from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), huadian was popular nationwide hundreds of years ago. Classic designs include jasmine, cherry blossoms, lotus, peonies and plum blossoms, often 10 (paint) in red, green and yellow pigments(颜料). 五、书面表达 假定你是李华, 你校在上周以“网络安全”为主题开展了一系列活动, 你的朋友David为校英文报写了一篇报道, 现就初稿征求你的意见。请你回信, 内容包括: 1. 提出存在的问题; 2. 提出修改的建议。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第03讲 Unit 3 The world online 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理(吃透教材) 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 语言能力：掌握和网络相关的语音、词汇以及语法知识； 文化意识：引导学生思考互联网的发展与用户使用习惯的关系； 思维品质：引导学生正确看待互联网和智能手机，培养辩证思维能力； 学习能力：就是否应该携带手机上学这一话题，通过小组合作，用英语进行辩论；设计一个公益广告，号召人们适度使用智能手机。 单元知识点 单元词汇 1. access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用 [教材原文]One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information. 互联网的最大好处之一就是能(让人)快速、轻易地获取大量信息。 (1)access to sth. 去……的通路 have access to有权使用……；可以接近…… gain/get access to得到……的使用权；获得接近……的机会 (2)accessible adj. 可进入的；可使用的 be accessible to可以进入；可以使用 2. majority n. 大部分，大多数；多数票 [教材原文]No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn to for information. 难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。 (1)the majority of大多数 the majority大众，大多数人 be in a/the majority 占多数 (2)major adj. 主要的 n. 主修课程，专业；主修学生vi.主修 play a major role in the film 在影片中担任主角 major in＋专业 主修……专业 3. arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列 [教材原文]When you wish to go on holiday, you can make all your travel arrangements just in front of the computer. 你想去度假，在电脑前就能安排所有的旅游行程。 (1)make arrangements/an arrangement for为……做好安排 arrive at/come to an arrangement谈妥，达成协议 (2)arrange vt. 安排；筹备；整理；排列；布置 arrange for sth. 安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事 4. comment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt. 表达意见 [教材原文]An instant message, a group chat, a video call, a comment on an update—there are endless ways to share our views or let someone know we care about them. 即时信息、群聊、视频通话、实时评论——有无数种途径来分享我们对事件的看法或让人知道我们关心他们。 (1)have a comment 有意见要发表 make a comment on/about 对……做出评论 without comment 未做评论 no comment 无可奉告 (2)comment on 对……做出评论 comment that... 评论说…… 5. aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 [教材原文]As with any great invention, we must be aware of these problems and be careful to use the Internet properly and responsibly. 就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并恰当地、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。 (1)aware of 意识到；知道 be aware that... 意识到…… as far as I'm aware 据我所知 (2)awareness n. 认识，意识 develop an awareness of 培养……意识 raise/increase public awareness of sth. 加强/增强公众对某事物的意识 6. addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子 [教材原文]I was a smartphone addict. 我是一个智能手机上瘾者。 (1)addiction n. 瘾；入迷，嗜好 addiction to sth. 对……上瘾 (2)addicted adj. (人)上瘾的；对……着迷的 be/become/get addicted to 对……上瘾；沉迷于……(to是介词) (3)addictive adj. (药物等)使人上瘾的；使人着迷的 7. quit v. 停止；戒掉；离开 [教材原文]Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit. 慢慢染上这个习惯很容易，但想改掉却没那么容易。 quit doing sth. 停止做某事 quit as... 辞去……职务 8. appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢 [教材原文]Best of all, I began to appreciate the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through my smartphone camera. 更好的是，我开始用自己的眼睛，而不是通过智能手机的相机欣赏生活的美。 (1)appreciate (sb.) doing sth. 感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if... 如果……我将不胜感激。 (2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 单元短语 1. take off 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；脱下，摘掉；(飞机等)起飞；休息，休假 [教材原文]Soon emojis took off throughout the world. 很快表情符号就风靡全球了。 take away 拿走；消除 take in 吸收；欺骗；收留 take back 收回说错的话；退回 take on 呈现；雇用；承担 take down 记下；拆卸 take over 接管，接任 take out 带……出去；提取 take up 拿起；占据；开始从事 2. bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 [教材原文]In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results. 用在图书馆找本书的时间，我们能用搜索引擎找到数百万条结果。 bring about 引起，导致 bring back 带回；使回忆起；恢复 bring down 降低，减少 bring forward 将……提前；提出 bring in 引入；赚得 bring out 使显现，使表现出 3. cut back on减少，削减 [教材原文]I cannot escape from the modern world, but I can cut back on the amount of time I spend on my smartphone every day, and I do. 我无法逃离现代世界，但我可以减少每天花在智能手机上的时间，而且我也就是这么做的。 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut up 切碎；使伤心 cut off 切断；停掉；隔绝 cut in 插队；插嘴 cut across/through 抄近路穿过 单元句型 1. No matter where 引导状语从句 [教材原文]No matter where we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones, find longlost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies. 无论在哪里，我们都能与爱的人保持联系，找到许久没有音信的朋友，发现与我们有共同爱好的新社区。 (1)引导让步状语从句的词还有： no matter what＝whatever不管/无论什么 no matter which＝whichever 不管/无论哪一个 no matter how＝however 不管/无论怎样 no matter who＝whoever不管/无论是谁 no matter when＝whenever不管/无论什么时候 no matter whether... 不管是否…… (2)whatever, whichever和whoever也可以引导名词性从句，但不可用no matter what/which/who替换。 2. “only＋状语(从句)”置于句首引起的部分倒装。 [教材原文]Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery, wonder and inspiration for everyone. 只有这样，互联网才能够成为每个人的发现、想象和启发之地。 句型为：Only＋状语从句＋ be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他。 [名师点津]only修饰主语时，句子不倒装。 3. 疑问词+不定式 [教材原文]I was used to checking the news and my friends' social media updates every few minutes, but now I did not know what to do with myself. 我习惯每过几分钟就查看新闻，看看朋友们的社交媒体消息更新，但现在我却不知道要如何打发时间。 [句式分析]本句是一个but连接的并列句；在but连接的分句中含有“疑问词＋to do”构成的短语作know的宾语。 “疑问词＋不定式短语”相当于一个名词性从句，常用在某些动词如tell，know，imagine，learn，decide，forget，remember，consider，understand等后面作宾语，另外还可作主语、表语、同位语等。 【巩固练习】 I.请根据句意或所给提示词用适当形式填空。 1. A survey shows many divorced fathers only have a________ to their children at weekends. 2. Only if both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be e________ in this region. 3. The m________ of students, accounting for 78 percent, are in favour of this idea. 4. Last year, the Ministry of Education released ________(指导方针) saying that primary and middle school textbooks need to include more information about traditional culture. 5. The pilot lost contact with the ________(军事的) base, as a result of which the plane crashed in the desert. 6. Being a________ to the Internet will to some extent do harm to both mental and physical health. 7. It’ s a bit ________(吓人的，恐怖的) to think that some day, instead of machines working for us, we will be working for them. 8. The boy nearly ________(离开) school because he failed to adapt himself to the new school life abroad. 9. Many ________(技术的) experts at that time had doubts about the new technology of making paper. 10. The key to happiness is to have ________(感激) for the good things in life and to focus on goals. 【答案】 1. access 2. established 3. majority 4. guidelines 5. military 1. addicted 7. scary 8. quit(ted) 9. technical 10. appreciation Ⅱ.根据句意选择方框中所给短语并用适当形式填空。 to a certain extent; at one’s fingertips; bring up; above all else; belong to; set up; be glued to sth.; shoot past; knock sb. off one’s feet; cut back on 1. How to get to the deserted island is ________________. 2. The manager agreed with me ________________, but he didn’t approve my suggestion. 3. You can hardly imagine what difficulty she had ________________ her three children all by herself. 4. I am discovering that many people want, ________________, to live life to the fullest. 5. Prices are rising so fast, so many people are working out ways to ________________ their expenses. 6. Even if I ________________ by life one day, I will never give up and will try to get back up again. 7. Games are won by players who focus on the playing field, not by those whose eyes ________________ the scoreboard. 8. I was cycling on the pavement when a car ________________ me. 【答案】 1. at his fingertips 2. to a certain extent 3. bringing up 4. above all else 1. cut back on 6. am knocked off my feet 7. are glued to 8. shot past Ⅲ.完成句子 1.He ________________________ the exam, but he was too careless.(could)  他本来可以通过考试,但他太粗心了。 2. The man lay there, ________________________. (独立主格结构)  那个人躺在那里,他的双手在颤抖。 3. ________________________ so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.(with复合结构)  由于物价上涨很快,我们买不起奢侈品。 4.How beautifully she sings! I’ve ________________ heard ________________ voice.(否定词+比较级)  她唱得多好啊!这是我听到的最美的歌喉。 5. ________________________ we learn English well.(only引导倒装句)  只有这样我们才能学好英语。 【答案】 1. could have passed 2. his hands trembling 3. With prices going up 4. never a better 5. Only in this way can 单元语法 现在分词做定语，状语和宾补 一、动词ing形式作定语 1. 单个的动词ing形式可以作前置定语，一般有两种含义。 (1)说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room＝a room which is used for reading阅览室 running shoes＝shoes for running跑鞋 a working method＝a method of working工作方法 a sewing machine＝a machine of sewing缝纫机 a drawing board＝a board of drawing画板 (2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可以表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。 developing countries＝countries that are developing发展中国家 an ordinarylooking house＝a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子 a disappointing play令人失望的戏剧 an astonishing adventure惊人的冒险 boiling water 正在沸腾的水 the setting sun 落日 2. 作定语的动词ing形式如果是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。 3. 有些情况下，动词ing形式不能用来作定语，必须使用定语从句。 (1)动词ing形式作定语时，表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，若两者不能同时发生的话，则需使用定语从句。 昨天来的教授将要给我们做一个讲座。 【误】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture. 【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. (2)动词ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作定语。 被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要被重修了。 【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 二、动词ing形式作状语 动词ing形式可以作状语，修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。 1. 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 2. 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 3. 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 4. 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 5. 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 6. 表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。 三、动词ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 动词ing形式可以在see，hear，notice，watch，feel，smell，look at，listen to，observe，find等表示感官和心理状态的动词(词组)后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。 2. 动词ing形式和动词原形作宾语补足语的区别：在see，hear, feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，既可用动词ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用动词原形构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用动词原形时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。 [名师点津]　如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用动词原形来表示，不用动词ing形式。 3. 动词ing形式也可用在have，get，leave，keep，set，catch等表示“致使”的动词后作宾语补足语。 【巩固练习】 (1)When we got a call ________(say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was a joke. (2)On the last day of our weeklong stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. Nervously ________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (4)At weekends, the park was full of people, ________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine. (5)Around 13, 500 new jobs were created during the period, ________(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts. (6)________(approach) the car, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. (7)Actors ________(star) in comedies are expected to have a better sense of humour. (8)The most effective way of helping sufferers of perceived social isolation is ________(get) them ________(involve) in some ________(train) courses. (9)It was so cold and he had the fire ________(burn) all night long. (10)On a ________ morning the little match girl was found ________ at the corner of the street. (freeze) (11)The participants ________(participate) in the Olympics tried their best to win glory for their countries. (12)The house ________(belong) to Mr Green was destroyed in the fire. (13)________(think) about the situation for a while, I decided to ask Roy for help. (14)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________(measure) over 90 metres. (15)A student will be immediately removed if he is found ________(cheat) in the exam. 【答案】 1. saying　 (2) listening　 (3) facing　 (4) enjoying　 1. exceeding (6) Approaching　 (7) starring　 (8) to get; involved; training 1. burning (10) freezing; frozen　 (11) participating　(12) belonging　 (13) Having thought　 (14) measuring (15) cheating 单元写作 写一篇网络用途的调查报告 关于网络用途的调查报告属于说明文。这类文章一般以柱状图、饼状图、线状图或图表的形式出现。写此类文章时首先要认真看图,找出里面所隐含的信息,然后通过相关的数据对某一现象进行客观描述。写作时要以事实为根据,避免加入个人的观点。 典题分析 假定你是李华,最近你就高中生网络使用的情况进行了调查并写了一篇报道。请根据下面的要点提示对你的调查作简要介绍,发给报社。 要点提示:1.主要用途; 2.出现的问题。 注意:1.词数80个左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。 As we all know, the Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. Recently, I did a survey about how the students in my school make use of the Internet. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 分析： 体裁：调查报告 时态：一般现在时 人称：第一，第三人称 框架：第一段：调查的背景；第二段：上网的利弊；第三段：调查的结论 【参考范文】 　　As we all know, the Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. Recently, I did a survey about how the students in my school make use of the Internet. 　　There are three major purposes for the students to use the Internet, among which seeking information is the most popular. They also use the Internet for communication and entertainment, such as sending and receiving e-mails, enjoying music and movies and playing online games. Besides, doing online shopping is gradually becoming part of their life. 　　However, I have also noticed that the Internet brings about problems to the students at the same time. Some students spend too much time playing online games. Worse still, unhealthy information on the Internet does great harm to students who get access to it out of curiosity. 　　Thus, only if students are given proper guidance can they make good use of the Internet. 写作迁移： 假设你是李华，对中学生课外上网的利弊进行调查采访。写一篇博文介绍学生们对上网的看法，并呼吁正确使用互联网。 使用互联网的益处 使用互联网的弊端 1.可以使用大量的数据库，得到很多最新的信息 2.很多学习软件不仅有助于学生的学习，还激发了他们的兴趣 3.方便交流和沟通 1.沉迷于网络会影响学习 2.有时，会泄露个人隐私信息 3.甚至会遇到一些网络挑事者或网霸 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Today I want to blog about the advantages and disadvantages of surfing the Internet for students. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Today I want to blog about the advantages and disadvantages of surfing the Internet for students. Some students regard it as a great helper. Students can have access to large database to get the most updated information. Besides, not only is plenty of study software beneficial to students’ study but also can arouse their interest of study. In addition, it is also very convenient to communicate with others by surfing the Internet. However, other students think that many students are addicted to the Internet, which will have a bad influence on their study. Sometimes, students’ privacy information may be let out. Worse still, students may come across some trolls and cyberbullies. Therefore, keep it in mind that we should make proper use of the Internet. 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇博文介绍学生们对上网的看法，说明中学生课外上网的利弊，并呼吁正确使用互联网。 【详解】1.词汇积累 认为：regard → consider 此外：besides → additionally 影响：influence → impact 遇见：come across → encounter 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Students can have access to large database to get the most updated information. 拓展句：Students can have access to large database in order that they can get the most updated information. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Besides, not only is plenty of study software beneficial to students’ study but also can arouse their interest of study.(运用了not only置于句首，句子使用了部分倒装结构) 【高分句型2】However, other students think that many students are addicted to the Internet, which will have a bad influence on their study.(运用了that引导的宾语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句) 考点1 access n. 机会，权利；入径，通道 vt.到达，进入，使用 1. Kayak makes kayak racing, an extreme sport, ________(access) to the majority. 【答案】accessible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：Kayak创造了皮艇比赛，一种大多数人可以参加的极限运动。此处作定语，修饰an extreme sport，应用形容词accessible“可得到的，可使用的”，故填accessible。 2. Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area, education wasn’t ________(access) to children. 【答案】accessible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：希望工程在这个贫困地区实施之前，孩子们没有受教育的机会。分析句子可知，空处应为形容词，作表语；accessible为形容词，意为“可到达的、可进入的”，固定短语be accessible to表示“可接近的、可进入的”，符合句子和句意。故填accessible。 3. All of the library’s databases are ________(access) through any computer connected to the school network. 【答案】accessible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：图书馆的所有数据库都可以通过任何连接到学校网络的计算机访问。由句意知空处应填形容词accessible“可进入的；可使用的”作表语。故填accessible。 4. Only high officials have access ________ the president. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：只有高级官员才能接触到总统。have access to固定搭配，意为“有权使用，有权接触”，故填to。 5. This is the only access ________ his house because it is almost surrounded by water. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：这是进入他的房子的唯一通道，因为它几乎被水包围。此处考查名词短语 the only access to...，意为“去……的唯一通路”，设空处应用介词to。故填to。 6. One of the greatest advantages of the Internet is that you can get a huge amount of information easily. One of the greatest advantages of the Internet is that ________________ a huge amount of information easily. (用access短语改写) 【答案】you can have access to/you can get access to/you can gain access to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：互联网最大的优点之一是你可以很容易地获得大量的信息。对比可知，that引导的表语从句中：用you作主语；表示“可用，能够”用情态动词can，can后用固定短语have/get/gain access to“可以使用，有接近……的权利”。故填you can have/get/gain access to。 考点2 majority n. 大部分，大多数；多数票 1. When the headteacher spoke out his plan, the ________(major) of the students were against it. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：当校长说出他的计划时，大多数学生都反对。短语the majority of表示“大多数”。故填majority。 2. The ________(major) of my classmates come from the countryside. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的大多数同学来自农村。短语the majority of表示“大多数”。故填majority。 3. A couple of people objected to the proposal, but the vast ________(major) approved of it. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：有几个人反对这个提议，但绝大多数人赞成它。根据句意和句子结构，所给词应填入名词形式作主语，表示“大多数”的意思。major的名词形式是majority，其单独做主语，谓语动词通常用单数。故填majority。 考点3 arrangement n. 安排；布置；约定；排列 1. He expressed gratitude to the king for his warm reception and considerate________(arrange). 【答案】arrangement(s) 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对国王的热情接待和周到的安排表示感谢。空格处用名词作宾语，arrange的名词是arrangement，意为“安排”是可数名词，此处其单数或复数形式均符合语境。故填arrangement(s)。 2. The organizers failed to make the necessary ________(arrange) for dealing with so many people. 【答案】arrangements 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：组织者没能做好必要的安排来应付这么多人。necessary是形容词，修饰名词，arrange的名词是arrangement，意为“安排”，不止一个安排，要用复数形式，故填arrangements。 3. The meeting has been arranged ________ Wednesday. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：会议已安排在星期三举行。arrange sth. for some time意为“将某事安排在某时”，为固定搭配。故填for。 4. When you arrange________ the conference, keep in mind that you should not leave out those details. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：当你安排会议时，要记住你不应该遗漏这些细节。arrange for为固定搭配，意为“安排”。故填for。 考点4 comment n. 议论，评论；批评，指责 vi. & vt.表达意见 1. Everyone present at the concert began to comment ________ her performance. 【答案】on/upon/about 【详解】考查介词。句意：出席音乐会的每个人都开始对她的表演发表评论。comment on/upon/about是固定短语，意为“对……发表评论”，因此空格处是on/upon/about。故填on/upon/about。 2. It’s impolite to comment ________ others’ decisions if you don’t know the sufferings and adversity they encounter. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：如果你不知道他们遇到的痛苦和逆境，对别人的决定发表评论是不礼貌的。短语comment on“对……作出评论”是固定搭配。故填on。 3. Don’t offer ________(comment) if you cannot understand the real meaning. 【答案】comments 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你不能理解真正的意思，不要发表评论。此处应填名词作宾语，comment是可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，则它需要变复数，故填comments。 4. I’d appreciate your replying to my letter at your earliest convenience. ＝________________ you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. 如果方便时你能尽快回复我的信件，我将感激不尽。 【答案】I’d appreciate it if/I would appreciate it if 【详解】考查固定句型。分析句子和句意，固定句型I’d/I would appreciate it if you could...表示“如果你能……我将不胜感激”，其中it作形式宾语。故答案为I’d/I would appreciate it if。 考点5 aware adj.知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的 1. In my opinion, it’s very important to develop ________ awareness of health now. 【答案】an 【详解】考查冠词。句意：在我看来，现在养成健康意识是非常重要的。an awareness of意思为：一种……的意识，此处为不定冠词表示泛指。故填an。 2. Education, training, ________(aware) and observation lead to changed attitude. 【答案】awareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：教育、培训、意识和观察导致态度的改变。分析句子可知，设空处需要名词awareness用作主语，表示“认识，意识”不可数。故填awareness。 3. The local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental ________(aware) and encourage greater use of clean energy. 【答案】awareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：地方政府开始利用媒体传播环保意识，鼓励更多地使用清洁能源。空处需填名词awareness，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填awareness。 考点6 addict n. 对……入迷的人；瘾君子 1. I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I find it quite ________(addict). 【答案】addictive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我几年前开始滑雪，我发现它非常让人上瘾。空处作宾语补足语，补充说明it(skiing)，应用形容词addictive，表示“令人上瘾的”，符合题意。故填addictive。 2. Many teenagers today are attracted to online games, but they should manage their time so that they won’t be ________(addict) to those games. 【答案】addicted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：句意：现在许多青少年都被网络游戏所吸引，但是他们应该管理好自己的时间，这样他们就不会沉迷于这些游戏。空处需填形容词addicted，作表语，be addicted to为固定搭配，意为“沉迷于”。故填addicted。 3. The expert was so addicted to ________(do) the project that he didn’t notice me come in. 【答案】doing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专家如此沉迷于做这个项目，以至于没有注意到我进来。固定搭配be addicted to“沉迷于”，to为介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故填doing。 考点7 appreciate vt. 欣赏，赏识；感谢 1. I would appreciate ________ if you could help me to post the letter. 【答案】it 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：如果你能帮我把这封信寄出去，我会很感激的。表示“如果……将不胜感激”句型为would appreciate it if…。故填it。 2. People appreciate ________(work) with him because he has a good sense of humor. 【答案】working 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们喜欢和他一起工作，因为他很有幽默感。短语appreciate doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填working。 3. I really appreciate your ________(call) back this afternoon. 【答案】calling 【详解】考查动名词。句意：非常感谢你今天下午再打来。空处与形容词性物主代词your构成复合结构，用动名词calling。故填calling。 考点9 cut back on 减少，削减 1. When at the hotel, we can reduce our impact by cutting back ________ water consumption and not having our bedding and towels ________(wash) every day. 【答案】on; washed 【详解】考查介词和非谓语动词。句意：在酒店时，我们可以通过减少用水量和不每天清洗床上用品和毛巾来减少影响。cut back on意为“削减”，为固定搭配。have sth. done意为“使某事被做”，过去分词作宾补，have为使役动词，our bedding and towels和wash之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词。故填on；washed。 2. The food prices are going up, so we will cut back ________ the use of some expensive vegetables. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：食品价格上涨了，所以我们将减少一些昂贵蔬菜的使用。cut back on表示“减少”，是固定短语，故填on。 3. You can cut ________ the unimportant details when reading through the article. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：通读这篇文章时，你可以删去不重要的细节。cut out切断； 删除。根据句意，故填out。 4. If he had taken the doctor’s advice and cut ________ sugary drinks and fast food, he would be much better now. 【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果他听了医生的劝告，戒掉含糖饮料和快餐，他现在会好多了。短语cut out表示“戒掉”。故填out。 考点10 “only＋状语(从句)”置于句首引起的部分倒装。 1. Only when you have a goal and go for it with perseverance ________________________. 只有当你有目标并且持之以恒地去追求时，你的梦想才能实现。 【答案】can your dream come true 【详解】考查倒装句。分析句子，发现这个句子属于“only+状语置于句首”所引导的部分倒装句，横线处应该填入的结构是“助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词+其它”。“实现”可以翻译为come true，can表示“能够”，故填can your dream come true。 2. They can grow up to be independent and become truly successful in this way. (句型转换) → Only in this way ________________________  to be independent and become truly successful. 【答案】can they grow up 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有这样，他们才能独立成长，并成为真正的成功者。此处only+状语位于句首，需用部分倒装结构，将情态动词can放到主语they之前，动词原形grow仍放在主语they之后。故填can they grow up。 3. Only in this way ________ the team begin its journey to the next Olympics. 【答案】does/will/can 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有这样，球队才能开始下一届奥运会的征途。“only+状语”置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，句子结构是助动词/情态动词+do，此处可以表示一般现在时，陈述客观事实，也可以使用一般将来时，助动词可以用does/will，还可以使用情态动词can，表示“能够”。故填does/will/can。 考点11.动词不定形式作定语 1. The deadly earthquake, ________(measure) 9.1 on the Richter scale struck the city and caused heavy damage. 【答案】measuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场里氏9.1级的致命地震袭击了这座城市，造成了严重的破坏。此处measure与earthquake为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填measuring。 2. The committee ________(consist) of ten members, has been dissolved. 【答案】consisting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该委员会由十名成员组成，现已解散。空处和of ten members搭配，作修饰The committee的定语，consist of表示“由……组成”，不能用于被动语态，且和被修饰词之间是主动关系，所以用consist的现在分词形式。故填consisting。 3. His wife takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor ________(live) in London. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的妻子带他去看住在伦敦的澳大利亚语言医生莱昂内尔·罗格。此处live与doctor为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填living。 4. We can keep in contact with someone who lives on the other side of the world within seconds. (用动词-ing形式改写句子) We can keep in contact with someone ________________________. 【答案】living on the other side of the world within seconds 【详解】考查非谓语动词。原句句意：我们可以在几秒钟内与生活在世界另一端的人保持联系。原句中who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词someone，先行词在从句中作主语，是live行为的执行者，因此可将从句简化为动词-ing形式，作someone的后置定语。故填living on the other side of the world within seconds。 考点12 动词不定形式作状语 1. A terrible fire broke out last night, ________(leave) many buildings seriously damaged. 【答案】leaving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚发生了一场可怕的火灾，许多建筑物严重受损。此处非谓语动词leave与fire构成逻辑主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。 2. Jean, ________(not know) where to f ind the magazine, asked her mother where it was. 【答案】not knowing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：珍不知道到哪里去找杂志，就问她妈妈在哪里。本句已有谓语动词asked，所以know用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语Jean之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，根据提示词可知，用现在分词的否定形式。故填not knowing。 3. ________________(not f ind) the missing boy, they had to stay there for another two weeks. 【答案】Not having found 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有找到失踪的男孩，他们不得不在那里再待两个星期。空处作状语，they与find之间为主动关系，且状语动作发生在主句之前，用现在分词的完成式的否定形式。故填Not having found。 4. After he finished all his homework, he went to bed. (用动词-ing形式改写句子) ________________________, he went to bed. 【答案】Having finished all his homework 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他做完所有的作业后就上床睡觉了。原句中After“在……之后”引导时间状语从句，finish“完成”的行为结束后，谓语行为才发生，且he既是从句的主语也是主句的主语，和finish之间是主动关系，因此可将从句改写为现在分词完成式having done的形式，作时间状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Having finished all his homework。 考点13 动词不定形式作补语 1. She heard the wind ________(whistle) through the trees and felt a little frightened. 【答案】whistling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她听到风呼啸着穿过树林，感到有点害怕。hear sb. doing sth.是固定短语，意为“听见某人正在做某事”，因此空格处用现在分词whistling，表主动和进行，故填whistling。 2. I felt an overwhelming sense of guilt ________(arise) from my actions. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于我的行为，我感到一种强烈的负罪感产生。动词arise意为“产生，出现”；sense of guilt与动词arise是逻辑上的主动关系，feel sb./sth. doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“感觉某人/某物正在……”，用现在分词arising作宾语补足语。故填arising。 3. I regularly see groups of people in restaurants ________(pay) more attention to their phones than to each other. 【答案】paying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我经常看到一群人在餐馆里更关注自己的手机，而不是彼此。空处作宾语补足语，pay attention to“关注”和groups of people逻辑上是主动关系，结合句意可知，“我”看到的应该是瞬间动作，而非全过程，因此用pay的现在分词形式，固定搭配see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人正在做某事”。故填paying。 4. She saw her 4-year-old son who was offering guests the Wi-Fi password. (用动词-ing形式改写句子) She saw her 4-year-old son ________________________. 【答案】offering guests the Wi-Fi password 【详解】考查非谓语动词。原句句意：她看到自己4岁的儿子正在给客人提供Wi-Fi密码。原句中who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词son，先行词在从句中作主语，是offer行为的执行者，且offer行为正在进行，因此可将从句简化为动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。故填offering guests the Wi-Fi password。 一、阅读理解 Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information, but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language. Dozens of terms and phrases have originated on social media. “Selfie” was named word of the year by the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013. Two years later, the “Face with Tears of Joy” emoji became their “word” of the year. There are many more examples of social media slang (俚语) included in the dictionary. Besides, words like “hashtag” and “lol” have become ordinary, all thanks to their wide usage on social media platforms. Other social media words are new combinations of other words. Photobomb, for instance, describes the phenomenon of getting into somebody’s photographs accidentally, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms. Social media has done more than invent new words and combine existing ones. It has completely transformed the meaning of a large portion of our language. The word “friend” is now widely used as a verb to mean adding someone on social media platforms. The word “add” means sending an invitation to connect social media accounts. The number of “likes” is now a measurement of popularity. So far, we have only discussed social media’s effect on the English language, but one significant variation in language it has brought about involves communication across different languages. Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to reduce language barriers for users. This deserves praise in theory, and the function has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as translation agency Global Voices points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm (算法) can translate this. Another way social media has made progress in breaking down the language barrier is with AI chatbots, which are becoming increasingly popular on social media. Some users have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who’s to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good? 1. What does the underlined word “Photobomb” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Intentionally stealing the scene. B. Casually playing tricks in the photo. C. Unexpectedly appearing in the photo. D. Actively participating in the photo. 2. What do we know about social media’s translation function? A. It is only useful for some specific languages. B. It is not as good as expected due to cultural differences. C. It is the best way to communicate across different languages. D. It is completely accurate and has removed all language barriers. 3. What is some people’s attitude towards chatbots when it comes to language learning? A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Critical. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Development of the English Language B. The Role of Technology in Communication C. The Rise of New Words in the Digital Age D. The Impact of Social Media on Language Development 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了社交媒体对语言的影响，包括创造新词、改变单词意义、影响不同语言之间的交流，以及人工智能聊天机器人的兴起。 1. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“describes the phenomenon of getting into somebody’s photographs accidentally, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms. (指不小心进入别人照片的现象，这种现象是由于图片分享平台的成功而产生的)”可知，画线词指的是意外出现在他人照片中的现象。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to reduce language barriers for users. This deserves praise in theory, and the function has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as translation agency Global Voices points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm (算法) can translate this. (一些社交媒体平台有一个内置的翻译功能，旨在减少用户的语言障碍。这在理论上值得称赞，该功能被描述为“出乎意料的准确”。但正如翻译机构全球之声指出的那样，不同文化的社交媒体使用差异很大，没有内置的算法可以翻译这一点)”可知，社交媒体的翻译功能理论上值得称赞且被认为很准确，但由于不同文化中社交媒体使用方式差异很大，其内置算法无法翻译这些差异，所以实际上它并不如预期的那么好。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Some users have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who’s to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good? (一些用户表示，聊天机器人最终可以用来教授语言。他们说学习一门语言的最好方法是尝试说它，在社交媒体主导交流的情况下，谁说和聊天机器人说话就没有那么好呢)”可知，一些用户认为聊天机器人可以服务于口语交流，从而让人学会一门语言。这表明他们对聊天机器人在语言学习方面的态度是赞许的。故选A项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information, but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language. (社交媒体对世界产生了不可估量的影响。它增加了互联性，加速了信息的传播，但它最大的影响可能是它对语言的改变)”可知，文章主要围绕社交媒体对语言的影响展开，其中重点讲述了对英语语言的影响，如创造新词汇、改变词汇意义等。A项“英语语言的发展”范围过大，未突出社交媒体的作用；B项“技术在交流中的作用”过于宽泛，没有具体指向社交媒体对语言尤其是英语语言的影响；C项“数字时代新词汇的兴起”只是文章部分内容，不能全面概括主旨；D项“社交媒体对语言发展的影响”准确地涵盖了文章主要讨论的内容，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 二、七选五 How to Have a Better Conversation on Social Media You’re not alone if you find social media to be both a space for staying informed and a space full of hate and disagreement. These days, that is the landscape we log into and struggle in. 1 . Don’t voice opinions on everything Too much information is like an “Everything Storm” for us to absorb and respond. Thus, it’s OK — and normal — that there are some topics we know more about and others we know almost nothing about. 2 . By focusing on just one or two topics and leaning on our own personal experience, rather than unclear references online, we can escape the storm or at least. grab an umbrella as it strikes. Find a place to fully express ourselves 3 . However, sometimes our thoughts are too messy or complicated to express in a bite-size package. Move to modes of communication that allow us to fully express ourselves without limits. Talking on the phone or in person may not always be possible. Try taking conversations to direct messages. Stop competing for “likes” The internet has become an arena(竞技场), where we all compete, for “likes”. We use emojis to cheer and boo(发出嘘声). Often the supposed winner of a debate is who-gets the most “likes.” This can be entertaining, yet it blocks the forming of genuine connections with people. 4 . Find a place far away from the audience, where we are not judged and scored instantly for what we say. Accept differences It’s sad but true: many of us act differently online than we would in real life, and often see anyone who disagrees as a “troll”(网络怪物). 5 Remember we’re speaking with someone whose feelings and experiences have shaped their opinions. Approach people online with compassion, and we’re on the way to opening doors to new understandings. A. Exit the battlefield B. Remove this word from our vocabulary C. It is wise to limit our comments to the former D. Many social platforms enforce strict word limits E. Luckily, we can still survive with some strategies F. Briefing your message in a reply will get you more connections G. Our online feelings can be described as “entertaining” and “connecting” 【答案】1. E 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在社交媒体上进行更好的对话的方法。 1. 上文“You’re not alone if you find social media to be both a space for staying informed and a space full of hate and disagreement.(如果你发现社交媒体既是一个保持见多识广的空间，也是一个充满仇恨和分歧的空间，那么你并不孤单)”说明社交媒体既让人保持见多识广，又充满仇恨和分歧，E项“幸运的是，我们仍然可以通过一些策略生存下来”承接上文，说明可以通过一些策略应用社交媒体，并引出下文各段落内容，符合题意。故选E。 2. 上文“Thus, it’s OK—and normal—that there are some topics we know more about and others we know almost nothing about.(因此，有一些话题我们知道的更多，而另一些话题我们几乎一无所知，这是正常的)”说明正常现象是对于不同话题我们的了解程度不同，C项中the former指上文中我们知道的更多的话题，C项“明智的做法是将我们的评论局限于前者”说明只评论我们知道的更多的话题，这种做法是明智的，承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 3. 上文“Find a place to fully express ourselves (找个充分表达自己的地方)”说明要充分表达自己，以及下文“However, sometimes our thoughts are too messy or complicated to express in a bite-size package.(然而，有时我们的想法过于混乱或复杂，无法用很少的文字来表达)”说明想法太多或太复杂时，无法用很少的文字表达，D项“许多社交平台都有严格的文字限制”承接上文内容，并与下文形成转折关系，符合题意。故选D。 4. 上文“The internet has become an arena (竞技场), where we all compete, for “likes”. We use emojis to cheer and boo (发出嘘声). Often the supposed winner of a debate is who-gets the most “likes.” This can be entertaining, yet it blocks the forming of genuine connections with people.(互联网已经成为一个竞技场，我们都在这里竞争“点赞”。我们用表情符号来欢呼和发出嘘声。通常，辩论的赢家是谁获得了最多的“赞”。这可能很有趣，但它阻碍了与人们建立真正的联系)”说明互联网已经成为了竞技场，人们在这里竞争，但是它阻碍了与人们建立真正的联系，A项“退出战场”给出正确的做法，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。 5. 上文“It’s sad but true: many of us act differently online than we would in real life, and often see anyone who disagrees as a “troll” (网络怪物).(这是可悲但真实的：我们中的许多人在网上的行为与现实生活中的不同，经常把任何不同意的人视为“网络怪物”)”说明可悲但真实的情况，B项中this word指代前文的troll，B项“从我们的词汇表中删除这个词”说明正确的做法，承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 三、完形填空 Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy. 1 , social media can be terrible for your health. It’s our 2 of it that’s out of control. British evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have. You may have 800 friends on Wechat, but you’re not 3 them in person. Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have 4 interactions with? If you’re using social media to feel more connected, a recent study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that it’s not 5 , and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression. Positive interactions on social media don’t help people feel 6 . Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness. The same goes for 7 , which social media encourages. Another study, published by the American Psychological Association, shows that comparing yourself to others through social media also produces 8 effects, leading to symptoms of depression. Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a (n) 9 idea. Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all. Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two 10 . So how should you 11 your social media usage? First, know your time and 12 of use. Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you. Then, be in charge of your 13 , rather than let it be in charge of you. Your phone’s rings or vibrations (震动) don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you. Finally, consider using your device as a (n) 14 builder. Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight. When you’re in control of your 15 , social media becomes a tool to enrich your life but not a distraction that makes you feel miserable. 1. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Nevertheless D. Likewise 2. A. use B. reform C. ignorance D. range 3. A. commenting on B. cooperating with C. competing with D. connecting with 4. A. virtual B. meaningful C. constant D. complex 5. A. automatic B. productive C. working D. appealing 6. A. more confident B. more satisfied C. calmer D. happier 7. A. comparison B. sharing C. connection D. variety 8. A. instructive B. restrictive C. negative D. active 9. A. widespread B. bad C. creative D. undervalued 10. A. conditions B. assumptions C. influences D. developments 11. A. reduce B. analyze C. manage D. track 12. A. strategies B. boundaries C. efficiency D. purposes 13. A. device B. schedule C. decision D. emotion 14. A. knowledge B. character C. relationship D. confidence 15. A. digital consumption B. personal interaction C. daily routine D. working habit 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了社交媒体导致的消极影响以及对如何管理设备提出了一些建议。 1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，社交媒体可能对你的健康有害。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Likewise同样地。根据上文“Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy.(社交媒体可以是一个方便的方式来扩展你的网络，与你的奶奶保持联系或分享你的新小狗的照片)”以及后文“social media can be terrible for your health.(社交媒体可能对你的健康有害)”可知，结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless，故选C。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我们对它的使用失控了。A. use使用；B. reform改革；C. ignorance无知；D. range范围。根据上文“Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy.(社交媒体可以是一个方便的方式来扩展你的网络，与你的奶奶保持联系或分享你的新小狗的照片)”以及后文“of it that’s out of control”此处指使用社交媒体失控。故选A。 3. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你可能在微信上有800个朋友，但你并没有亲自和他们联系。A. commenting on评论；B. cooperating with合作；C. competing with与……竞争；D. connecting with连接，联系。根据后文“interactions with”指亲自和微信上的朋友联系。故选D。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的QQ好友可能很多，但其中有多少是你真正有意义的互动呢？A. virtual虚拟的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. constant持续不断的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have”此处想强调，虽然好友很多，但是有意义的互动不多，故选B。 5. 考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：如果你使用社交媒体是为了让自己联系更广，最近发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的一项研究表明，这样做并不奏效，而且还会带来不利的联系，甚至抑郁。A. automatic自动的；B. productive多产的；C. working有工作的，奏效；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression”可知，使用社交媒体让自己联系更广并不奏效。故选C。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体上的积极互动并不能帮助人们感到更快乐。A. more confident更加自信的；B. more satisfied更满意的；C. calmer更平静的；D. happier更快乐的。根据后文“Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness.(另一方面，消极的互动会带来更多的悲伤感)”可知，社交媒体上的积极互动并不能帮助人们感到更快乐，happier与后文sadness相呼应。故选D。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体所鼓励的攀比也是如此。A. comparison比较，攀比；B. sharing分享；C. connection连接，联系；D. variety多样性。根据后文“comparing yourself to others”指社交媒体上存在攀比情况。故选A。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国心理协会发表的另一项研究表明，通过社交媒体与他人比较也会产生负面影响，导致抑郁症状。A. instructive有启发性的；B. restrictive限制的；C. negative消极的；D. active活跃的。根据后文“leading to symptoms of depression”可知，通过社交媒体与他人比较也会产生负面影响，导致抑郁症状。故选C。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拿起手机作为精神休息也是一个坏主意。A. widespread普遍的；B. bad坏的；C. creative创造性的；D. undervalued贬值的。根据后文“Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two conditions.(在休息期间使用手机的人比在其他两种情况下使用手机的人解决的问题少22%，完成任务的时间长19%)”可知，休息期间使用手机的人解决问题更少，完成任务时间更长，说明拿起手机作为精神休息也是一个坏主意。故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在休息期间使用手机的人比在其他两种情况下使用手机的人解决的问题少22%，完成任务的时间长19%。A. conditions条件；B. assumptions假设；C. influences影响；D. developments发展。根据上文“Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all.(罗格斯大学的一项研究将完成任务的参与者进行了比较，其中一组在完成任务的过程中休息一下，拿着手机、纸和铅笔，另一组根本不休息)”可知，此处指其他两种实验情况，故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么你应该如何管理你的社交媒体使用呢？A. reduce减少；B. analyze分析；C. manage管理；D. track跟踪。根据后文First、Then、Finally三点主要是对管理社交媒体的使用提出的建议，故选C。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，了解你的时间和使用目的。A. strategies策略；B. boundaries边界；C. efficiency效率；D. purposes目的。根据后文“Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you.(使用设备上的跟踪功能，找出你使用了多少，以及你使用它的目的。在此之后，远离你的设备，除非你必须使用它。这可能很难，关掉并融入你周围的世界)”可知，首先，了解你的时间和使用目的。故选D。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，控制你的设备，而不是让它控制你。A. device设备；B. schedule日程表；C. decision决定；D. emotion情感。根据后文“Your phone’s rings or vibrations don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you.(你的手机铃声或震动并不意味着你必须回应它们。提醒自己是你在掌控一切，而不是你的设备或刚刚与你联系的另一端的人)”此处建议控制自己的设备。故选A。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，考虑使用你的设备作为一个关系构建器。A. knowledge知识；B. character性格；C. relationship关系；D. confidence自信。根据后文“Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight.(用你的应用程序找到你的朋友，预订晚餐，这样你们就可以在你们最喜欢的餐厅面对面聊天，在那里你可以把你的手机放在视线之外)”可知，建议把设备作为一个关系构建器。故选C。 15. 考查名词短语辨析。句意：当你能控制自己的数字消耗时，社交媒体就会成为丰富你生活的工具，而不是让你感到痛苦的分心。A. digital consumption数字消耗；B. personal interaction个人互动；C. daily routine日常生活；D. working habit工作习惯。上文提出了三点管理电子设备的建议，目的是控制在数字媒体上消耗的时间和精力。故选A。 四、语法填空 The Mid-Autumn Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth month in the Chinese lunar calendar, is 1 time for family and friends to reunite. As a famous Chinese poem goes, “The dew is whiter from tonight; the moon is 2 (bright) in my hometown.” Since ancient times, people in China 3 (gather) under the bright, full moon to enjoy mooncakes together, while those far away would gaze at the same moon, wishing for future reunions. On September 13, a group of journalists, international students and influencers(网红) met in Beijing to celebrate the conclusion of the second 4 (train) workshop for we-media influencers from Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. The annual workshop aims to promote friendship between participants 5 enhance mutual understanding between China and LAC countries. This year, it invited influencers 6 23 LAC countries to tour China, visiting places including Beijing, Hunan, Fujian and Shandong provinces. The most popular stall(摊位) was one 7 visitors could experience huadian, a form of traditional Chinese facial 8 (decorate), literally meaning “floral ornamental emblems.” 9 (date) back to written records from the Tang Dynasty (618-907), huadian was popular nationwide hundreds of years ago. Classic designs include jasmine, cherry blossoms, lotus, peonies and plum blossoms, often 10 (paint) in red, green and yellow pigments(颜料). 【答案】 1. a 2. brighter 3. have gathered 4. training 5. and 6. from 7. where 8. decoration 9. Dating 10. painted 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一群记者、国际学生和网红在北京相聚，共同庆祝第二届拉丁美洲和加勒比(LAC)国家自媒体网红培训研讨会圆满结束。 1. 考查冠词。句意：中秋节，按照中国农历八月十五日庆祝，是家人和朋友团聚的时刻。分析句子成分可知，空处考查修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，且time是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 2. 考查形容词比较级。句意：正如一首著名的中国古诗所言：“今夜露更白，月是故乡明。”根据句意可知，空处为一句古诗，意为“更加明亮”，用形容词比较级。故填brighter。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：自古以来，中国人就会在明亮圆满的月亮下聚在一起品尝月饼，而那些身处远方的人也会望着同一轮明月，期盼着未来的团圆。分析句子成分可知，空处本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Since ancient times”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“people”，复数，谓语动词用have。故填have gathered。 4. 考查名词。句意：9月13日，一群记者、国际学生和网红在北京相聚，共同庆祝第二届拉丁美洲和加勒比(LAC)国家自媒体网红培训研讨会圆满结束。分析句子成分可知，空处名词形式，意为“培训”，修饰名词workshop，作定语。故填training。 5. 考查连词。句意：该年度研讨会旨在增进参与者之间的友谊，加强中国与拉丁美洲和加勒比国家之间的相互理解。分析句子成分可知，空处为连词连接空前的“promote friendship between participants”和空后的“enhance mutual understanding between China and LAC countries”，为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 6. 考查介词。句意：今年，研讨会邀请了来自23个拉丁美洲和加勒比国家的网红到中国旅游，参观包括北京、湖南、福建和山东在内的多个省市。分析句子成分可知，空处介词形式，意为“来自……”，用介词“from”。故填from。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：最受欢迎的摊位是体验中国传统面部装饰——花钿的地方，字面意思是“花饰徽章”。分析句子成分可知，空处考查定语从句的关系词；先行词为“one”，在定语从句中担当状语，用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。 8. 考查名词。句意：最受欢迎的摊位是体验中国传统面部装饰——花钿的地方，字面意思是“花饰徽章”。分析句子成分可知，空处考查名词形式担当宾语。故填decoration。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：花钿可追溯到唐朝(618-907年)的文字记载，几百年前曾在全国范围内流行。分析句子成分可知，空处非谓语动词担当状语；主语“huadian”，和动词“date back to”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填Dating 。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：经典设计包括茉莉、樱花、莲花、牡丹和梅花，常用红、绿、黄三色颜料绘制。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“jasmine, cherry blossoms, lotus, peonies and plum blossoms”和动词“paint”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填painted。 五、书面表达 假定你是李华, 你校在上周以“网络安全”为主题开展了一系列活动, 你的朋友David为校英文报写了一篇报道, 现就初稿征求你的意见。请你回信, 内容包括: 1. 提出存在的问题; 2. 提出修改的建议。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear David, I hope this letter finds you well. So delighted to receive your first draft for the news report themed ”Online Safety“, I’m writing to brief you on the noticeable problems and offer some suggestions for improvement. Fabulous as your work is, there are still something to be improved. To begin with, the headline, which fails to get the readers’ attention immediately and raise their awareness of online safety, should be simple and unusual. As for the ending, it is a little bit dull. Ending with a short summary is also preferable. Not only can it help the readers remember the main idea but also you can inform them of what you want them to think and do. Hope my suggestions are of some help to your improvement. Your revised work is highly expected! Yours, Li Hua 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校在上周以“网络安全”为主题开展了一系列活动, 朋友David为校英文报写了一篇报道,要求考生就初稿给出意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的:delighted → pleased 显著的:noticeable → remarkable 建议:suggestion → advice 未能做某事:fail to do → be unsuccessful in doing 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句: Fabulous as your work is, there are still something to be improved. 拓展句: Although your work is fabulous, there are still certain aspects that require improvement. 【点睛】 [高分句型1]To begin with, the headline, which fails to get the readers’ attention immediately and raise their awareness of online safety, should be simple and unusual.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Not only can it help the readers remember the main idea but also you can inform them of what you want them to think and do.(运用了not only...but also...连接的并列复合句以及not only提前后边的句子用部分倒装结构) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$