专题13 被动语态-2025届中考英语语法全面讲解

被动语态全面精讲 目录 被动语态全面精讲 1 一.被动语态定义： 1 二.被动语态的构成。 2 三．易错总结 2 一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 3 一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 3 一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 4 含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 5 四．几种特殊的被动语态的用法 5 被动语态综合训练 5 一．基础训练 5 二．中考试题训练 6 一.被动语态定义： 主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 主动语态改写为被动语态： 主动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他 + 状语 (动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者) 被动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人 / 物 + 其他 + 状语 (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) 主动语态： I play basketball. 二.被动语态的构成。 被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 ①be ② do/does be(am,is,are)+done 一般过去时 ①was/were ②did be(was,were)+done 一般将来时 will + do be(am,is,are) going to + do will be done be(am is are) going to be done 过去将来时 would+do be(was,were) going to+do would be done be(was,were) going to be done 现在完成时 have/has + done have(has) been done 过去完成时 had + done had been done 现在进行时 be(am,is,are) + doing be(am,is,are)+being done 过去进行时 be(was,were) +doing be(was,were)+being done 情态动词 情态动词 + do 情态动词 + be + done 不定时 to do to be done 三．易错总结 1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 The kind of shirts sells well here.这种样式的衬衫在这里卖得很好。 2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如： School uniforms look good on us.我们穿着校服很好看。 The cake smells delicious.蛋糕闻起来很香。 一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 1.Every year in early October, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival is h　　　in Albuquerque, the biggest city in New Mexico.  2.There is also Hershey, which is well　　　(know)as the chocolate company.  3.It’s also 　　　(call)the Double Ninth Festival.  4.—How clean your car is! —Thank you.It　　　 (wash)very often.  5.When you　　　 (give)a difficult task,try to continue with it and finish it.  6.Qian Xuesen 　　　(consider)as “Father of Missile(导弹) in China”.  7.In Switzerland, some of the old clothes are 　　　(卖)in charity shops.  8.It　　　(believe) that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.  9.You can􀆳t wear shoes inside this place.It　　　 (not allow).  10.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees　　　 (plant)every spring.  一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 1.Last week Professor Li was　　　(邀请)to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.  2.Pennsylvania　　　(give)to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name.  3.Emily is glad that she 　　　(praise) for her honesty at that meeting.  4.These model cars　　　 (make)in China in 2013.  5.Everybody　　　 (move)deeply after they heard the story.  6.The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛)　　　(hold)successfully in Beijing last month.  7.When the baby dog 　　　(find), it was very hungry. So we gave it some food.  8.Over $30,000　　　 (raise)for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago.  一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 1.—Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting? —No decision yet. I think it 　　　(decide) after discussing with my PE teacher.  2.You’ll be p　　　 if you break the traffic rules.  3.A new road　　　(build)near my school next year.  4.Now it’s much easier to shop online.When your order is ready,the things you want to buy will　　　 (send)to you soon.  5.A new airport will be 　　　(build)in Antarctica(南极洲)by Chinese.  6.Libraries or reading corners 　　　(build) in hope primary schools along the way of Long March in a few years.  含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 1.Children should　　　(educate)to be honest from a young age.  2.Teenagers should 　　　 to take care of themselves from a young age.  A.educate B.be educating C.have educated D.be educated 四．几种特殊的被动语态的用法 种类 构成 例句 主动语态中省去to的动词 变为被动语态时，省去的to要加上。 The workers were made to work 12 hours a day. 含双宾语的动词 把指人的宾语变为主语时，指物的宾语仍保留在谓语之后；指物的宾语变为主语时，指人的宾语前要加相应的介词。 I was given a present. A present was given to me. 含短语的动词 短语是“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”时，变被动语态时，介词、副词不能丢。 The young man was sent away from school. 被动语态综合训练 一．基础训练 A.单句填空 1.It's 　 　(report) that tea has helped the farmers in Yunnan find a way to make a living.  2.A lot of trees 　 　(plant) in our city in spring every year.  3.His new novel is very popular and it 　 　(sell) out last week.  4.Mr.Green 　 　(invite) to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.  5.A speech competition 　 　(hold) in our school last week.  6.I think a lot of jobs 　 　(do) by machines and robots in the future.  7.When he is 18 years old, he 　 　(allow) to drive a car with a driver's license.  8.As we all know, the telephone 　 　(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.  9.He 　 　(interview) at the TV station and then arrived home at 10:00 p.m.  10.—Why have I never seen this kind of mobile phone? —Because it 　 　(produce) last month. It's the newest type.  11.Nowadays teenagers 　 　(encourage) to do voluntary work for their local communities.  12.Many labs 　 　(build) in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.  13.The lawyer 　 　(pay) if he wins.  14.In old days, the poor 　 　(force) to work for their bosses for over 18 hours a day.  15.—Will you come to Selina's birthday party? —I won't come unless I 　 　(invite).  B.语篇型语法填空 A A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers（层）. Spacesuits 1.  （fill） with air, so they look like they’re puffed up（膨胀的）. The sixth layer is made of special fibers（纤维） that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts 2.  （connect） to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate through. There is also a mirror on the wrist（手腕）. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it. The first Feitian suit 3.  （make） in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation（代） of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can 4.  （use） more often. Each suit 5.  （cost） around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one! 二．中考试题训练 中考真题训练 1. （2024·安徽·统考中考真题）The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ________ this July. Don’t miss it. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held 2.（2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题） Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment. A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 3. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）Emma got excited when her writing ________ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read 4. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A. is made; sent B. made; sent C. made; is sent 5. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A. use B. used C. are used D. were used 6.（2024·江西省·中考真题） Ted preferred pop music when he ________ about his favorite music in the interview. A. was asked B. asked C. is asked D. asks 7. （2024·四川成都·统考中考真题）What exciting news! The 2025 World Games ________ in Chengdu. A. was held B. is held C. will be held 8. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. —OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now. A. clean B. be cleaned C. is cleaned 9. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. A. is celebrated B. was celebrated C. will be celebrated 10. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）—Tom, the high-speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully. — Amazing! I’m looking forward to it! A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed 11. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming. —Yes. It ________ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year. A. was held B. is held C. will be held 12. （2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A. names B. named C. was named D. has named 13. （2024·云南省·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people in the world these days. A. speak B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken 中考模拟训练 A.单句填空 1．[2024株洲模拟改编]The dog Zern ______________（train） well before, so it’s easy for him to smell special smell. 2．[2024长沙联考]He started the “little teacher system” in which young students ____________________（encourage） to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. 3．[2024长沙雅礼一模改编]Tongtong is glad that nowadays her dance ____________（admire） by so many people online. 4．[2024湖南联考]Another said, “Now I __________（move） by the mother’s love for her son and his gratitude（感激） to his mother.” 5．[2024长沙模拟]In ancient times, the Chinese emperors loved dragons and their clothes ________________（cover） with pictures of dragons. 6．[2023常德模拟]—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ______________（write） by Aron Ralston. 7．[2023岳阳模拟改编]The panda Ya Ya ______________（bring） back to China on April 27th, 2023. 8．[2023郴州模拟改编]Many trees and flowers ______________（plant） every year to make our environment more beautiful. 9．[2023常德模拟]At home, students should ______________（educate） to look after themselves from a young age. 10．[2022郴州模拟改编]A new supermarket ________________（build） on Center Street next year. 11．[2024杭州二模]The creators say the future of the building will ____________（change） by 3D-printing technology. 12．[2024湖州一模]Smoking, phone conversations and noise-making __________________（not allow） inside the museum. 13.(2022泰州模拟)Jiangsu automatic(自动的) test of listening and speaking 　　　　　(hold) in April every year.  14.(2022无锡模拟)You 　　　　　　(expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary.  15.(2021常州模拟)It is said that this museum 　　　　　(name) after Qu Qiubai many years ago.  B （2024杭州模拟改编） I miss the time of my first English speech competition. When I walked onto the stage, I 1.  （be） full of fear with my heart beating quickly. The other players were all quite experienced and I didn't think I 2.  （have） any chance to win. My teacher Mr Li came over and 3.  （encourage） me, “Take it easy. Just do your best!” I nodded my head. However, I had never attended such an activity before and things didn't go as smoothly as I expected. My mind 4.  （go） blank and I missed some of my words while making the speech. I was still for a few minutes when I saw so many teachers and students waiting for me to continue. At that time, the only thought that came to me was to give up and I just couldn't help pulling my tie all the time. Suddenly, I saw Mr Li. He 5.  （sit） in the fourth row, looking at me with his eyes filled with love. I realized what exactly I needed to do. I tried hard to remember the words, and finally I finished my speech. I was not curious about the result of the competition because I 6.  （get） the most important thing. After that, whenever I meet something difficult, I always remember the eye contact and I 7.  （feel） energetic again. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 被动语态全面精讲 目录 被动语态全面精讲 1 一.被动语态定义： 1 二.被动语态的构成。 2 三．易错总结 2 一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 3 一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 3 一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 4 含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 5 四．几种特殊的被动语态的用法 5 被动语态综合训练 5 一．基础训练 5 二．中考试题训练 6 一.被动语态定义： 主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 主动语态改写为被动语态： 主动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语(人/物) + 其他 + 状语 (动作的执行者) (各种时态形式) (动作的承受者) 被动句： 主语(人/物) + 谓语(及物动词) + by +人 / 物 + 其他 + 状语 (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) 主动语态： I play basketball. 被动语态：Basketball is played by me. 二.被动语态的构成。 被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。具体结构见下表： 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 ①be ② do/does be(am,is,are)+done 一般过去时 ①was/were ②did be(was,were)+done 一般将来时 will + do be(am,is,are) going to + do will be done be(am is are) going to be done 过去将来时 would+do be(was,were) going to+do would be done be(was,were) going to be done 现在完成时 have/has + done have(has) been done 过去完成时 had + done had been done 现在进行时 be(am,is,are) + doing be(am,is,are)+being done 过去进行时 be(was,were) +doing be(was,were)+being done 情态动词 情态动词 + do 情态动词 + be + done 不定时 to do to be done 三．易错总结 1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 The kind of shirts sells well here.这种样式的衬衫在这里卖得很好。 2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如： School uniforms look good on us.我们穿着校服很好看。 The cake smells delicious.蛋糕闻起来很香。 一般现在时的被动语态专题训练 1.Every year in early October, Albuquerque International Balloon Festival is h　　　in Albuquerque, the biggest city in New Mexico.  答案　held　句意:每年10月初,阿尔伯克基国际热气球节在新墨西哥州最大的城市阿尔伯克基举行。本题考查动词的语态。根据句意可知,此处意思是“举行”,且表示被动,故填held。 2.There is also Hershey, which is well　　　(know)as the chocolate company.  答案　known　短语be well known as...意为“作为……而著名”。 3.It’s also 　　　(call)the Double Ninth Festival.  答案　called　它又被称作重阳节。根据语义可知本句应为被动语态,应用过去分词called。 4.—How clean your car is! —Thank you.It　　　 (wash)very often.  答案　is washed　句意:——你的汽车多干净啊!——谢谢你。它常常被清洗。考查被动语态。It指汽车,动词wash和It之间是被动关系,故用被动语态,由very often可知应用一般现在时。 5.When you　　　 (give)a difficult task,try to continue with it and finish it.  答案　are given　句意:当给你一项困难的任务时,要尽力继续做并且完成它。由句意可知主语you为动作give的承受者,又根据主句为祈使句,可知从句应用一般现在时的被动语态。 6.Qian Xuesen 　　　(consider)as “Father of Missile(导弹) in China”.  答案　is considered　句意:钱学森被认为是“中国的导弹之父”。设空处与主语Qian Xuesen是被动关系,因此使用一般现在时的被动语态。 7.In Switzerland, some of the old clothes are 　　　(卖)in charity shops.  答案　sold　句意:在瑞士,一些旧衣物在慈善商店里售卖。主语是some of the old clothes, be 动词后用过去分词构成被动语态。 8.It　　　(believe) that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.  答案　is believed　It is believed that...人们认为……。 9.You can􀆳t wear shoes inside this place.It　　　 (not allow).  答案　isn’t allowed　句意:你不能在这里面穿鞋。(这里)不允许。本题考查被动语态。根据句意可知,“穿鞋”是不被允许,且这是现存的规定,故应该用一般现在时的被动语态。 10.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees　　　 (plant)every spring.  答案　are planted　句意:成都现在是一座更绿的城市,因为每年春天都有越来越多的树被种植。本题考查被动语态。根据every spring可知应用一般现在时态;树是被种植的,应用被动语态。 一般过去时的被动语态专项训练 1.Last week Professor Li was　　　(邀请)to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals.  答案　invited　句意:上周李教授受邀就中国传统节日发表了演讲。本题考查动词。根据句中的was和中文提示可知此处应填invited。 2.Pennsylvania　　　(give)to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name.  答案　was given　句意:宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。 3.Emily is glad that she 　　　(praise) for her honesty at that meeting.  答案　was praised　句意:Emily很高兴,在那次会议上她因为她的诚实受到了表扬。本题考查被动语态。she 和praise之间是被动关系。由at that meeting可知,从句应用一般过去时,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。 4.These model cars　　　 (make)in China in 2013.  答案　were made　本题考查动词的被动语态。根据时间状语in 2013可知,此处应用一般过去时;model cars 应是“被制作”,故用被动语态。 5.Everybody　　　 (move)deeply after they heard the story.  答案　was moved　句意:每个人听了这个故事之后都被深深地感动了。本题考查动词的被动语态。由heard可知本空应用一般过去时。everybody和move之间是被动关系,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。 6.The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛)　　　(hold)successfully in Beijing last month.  答案　was held　句意:“一带一路”高峰论坛上个月在北京成功召开。本题考查被动语态。设空处与主语The Belt and Road Forum是被动关系,根据last month可知是一般过去时的被动语态。 7.When the baby dog 　　　(find), it was very hungry. So we gave it some food.  答案　was found　句意:当这只小狗被发现的时候,它很饿。因此我们喂了它一些食物。本题考查动词的时态和语态。由dog和谓语动词find之间是被动关系可知应用被动语态,又根据it was very hungry可知设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were+动词过去分词。 8.Over $30,000　　　 (raise)for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago.  答案　was raised　句意:几个月前一个英国女孩为一家儿童医院筹集了3万多美元。本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据several months ago可知用一般过去时,因为本句主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。 一般将来时的被动语态专项训练 1.—Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting? —No decision yet. I think it 　　　(decide) after discussing with my PE teacher.  答案　will be decided　此处表示“我认为在和体育老师讨论之后这件事就会被定下来”。逻辑主语it和decide之间存在被动关系且是还未决定的事,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。 2.You’ll be p　　　 if you break the traffic rules.  答案　punished　句意:如果你违反交通规则,你将要受到惩罚。本句是含if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。主句中主语与punish为被动关系,所以应用一般将来时的被动语态,故填punished。 3.A new road　　　(build)near my school next year.  答案　will be built　句意:在我的学校附近有一条新路明年将被建成。本题考查被动语态和时态。句子主语为A new road,它与build之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,时间状语为next year,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。 4.Now it’s much easier to shop online.When your order is ready,the things you want to buy will　　　 (send)to you soon.  答案　be sent　句意:现在网上购物容易多了。在你下单后,你想买的东西很快就会邮寄给你。本题考查一般将来时的被动语态。things和send之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;when引导的时间状语从句是一般现在时,主句要用一般将来时。 5.A new airport will be 　　　(build)in Antarctica(南极洲)by Chinese.  答案　built 　本题考查被动语态。空前的主语A new airport和动词build之间存在被动关系。根据一般将来时的被动语态的结构will be+done可知,此处应填build的过去分词形式built。 6.Libraries or reading corners 　　　(build) in hope primary schools along the way of Long March in a few years.  答案　will be built　句意:在几年后图书馆或者图书角将在长征沿途的希望小学中建成。in a few years几年后,表示将来的时间状语;libraries or reading corners与build之间为被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。 含有情态动词的被动语态专项训练 1.Children should　　　(educate)to be honest from a young age.  答案　be educated　句意:孩子应该从小被教育要诚实。本题考查动词的被动语态。children和educate之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;又因设空处前有情态动词,故应用含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词过去分词。 2.Teenagers should 　　　 to take care of themselves from a young age.  A.educate B.be educating C.have educated D.be educated 答案　D　句意:青少年应该从小时候就被教导自己照顾自己。本题考查被动语态。由于本句中主语与谓语构成被动关系,故要用被动语态。故选D项。 四．几种特殊的被动语态的用法 种类 构成 例句 主动语态中省去to的动词 变为被动语态时，省去的to要加上。 The workers were made to work 12 hours a day. 含双宾语的动词 把指人的宾语变为主语时，指物的宾语仍保留在谓语之后；指物的宾语变为主语时，指人的宾语前要加相应的介词。 I was given a present. A present was given to me. 含短语的动词 短语是“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”时，变被动语态时，介词、副词不能丢。 The young man was sent away from school. 被动语态综合训练 一．基础训练 A.单句填空 1.It's 　 　(report) that tea has helped the farmers in Yunnan find a way to make a living.  2.A lot of trees 　 　(plant) in our city in spring every year.  3.His new novel is very popular and it 　 　(sell) out last week.  4.Mr.Green 　 　(invite) to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.  5.A speech competition 　 　(hold) in our school last week.  6.I think a lot of jobs 　 　(do) by machines and robots in the future.  7.When he is 18 years old, he 　 　(allow) to drive a car with a driver's license.  8.As we all know, the telephone 　 　(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.  9.He 　 　(interview) at the TV station and then arrived home at 10:00 p.m.  10.—Why have I never seen this kind of mobile phone? —Because it 　 　(produce) last month. It's the newest type.  11.Nowadays teenagers 　 　(encourage) to do voluntary work for their local communities.  12.Many labs 　 　(build) in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.  13.The lawyer 　 　(pay) if he wins.  14.In old days, the poor 　 　(force) to work for their bosses for over 18 hours a day.  15.—Will you come to Selina's birthday party? —I won't come unless I 　 　(invite).  1.reported　2.are planted　3.was sold　4.was invited　5.was held　6.will be done　7.is allowed　8.was invented9.had been interviewed　10.was produced　11.are encouraged　12.will be built　13.will be paid　14.were forced　15.am invited B.语篇型语法填空 A A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers（层）. Spacesuits 1.  （fill） with air, so they look like they’re puffed up（膨胀的）. The sixth layer is made of special fibers（纤维） that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts 2.  （connect） to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate through. There is also a mirror on the wrist（手腕）. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it. The first Feitian suit 3.  （make） in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation（代） of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can 4.  （use） more often. Each suit 5.  （cost） around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one! [答案]1．are filled2．are connected3．was made4．be used5．costs [解析] 1．句意：宇航服充满了空气，所以它们看起来像是膨胀的。Spacesuits为复数且与fill为被动关系，应用被动语态，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are filled。 2．此句描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时。主语Astronauts为复数，与connect为被动关系，故填are connected。 3．2008年是过去的时间，The first Feitian suit与make为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，由于主语为单数，be动词用was，故填was made。 4．句意：它可以支持长达八小时的（太空）漫步，并且能被更频繁地使用。can为情态动词，主语It指the second generation of Feitian，与use为被动关系，用被动语态，故填be used。 5．此处表示每套宇航服花费约三千万元，由下文的takes可知用一般现在时，故填costs。 二．中考试题训练 中考真题训练 1. （2024·安徽·统考中考真题）The 2024 Paris Olympic Games ________ this July. Don’t miss it. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意：2024年巴黎奥运会将于今年7月举行。不要错过。 考查被动语态。主语Olympic Games和动词hold“举行”之间是被动关系，结合“this July.”和“The 2024”可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be done，故选D。 2.（2024·甘肃省临夏州·中考真题） Many trees ________ every year to protect the environment. A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. have planted 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了保护环境，每年都要种很多树。 考查被动语态。分析题干可知，主语trees和动词plant“种植”之间是被动关系，结合“every year”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 3. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）Emma got excited when her writing ________ as a model in class. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当艾玛的作品在课堂上被当作模范朗读时，她很兴奋。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合“Emma got excited”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态were/was done。故选D。 4. （2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）The tea ________ in China ________ to many different countries and places each year. A. is made; sent B. made; sent C. made; is sent 【答案】C 【解析】句意：中国产的茶叶每年运往许多不同的国家和地方。 考查被动语态和过去分词用法。tea与send之间是动宾关系，用被动语态，is sent。此处用make的过去分词made作后置定语，修饰tea。故选C。 5. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）Robot dogs _________ as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games. A. use B. used C. are used D. were used 【答案】D 【解析】句意：2023年亚运会期间，机器狗首次被用作志愿者。 考查时态和语态。主语Robot dogs和谓语use之间是被动关系，根据“during the 2023 Asian Games.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。 6.（2024·江西省·中考真题） Ted preferred pop music when he ________ about his favorite music in the interview. A. was asked B. asked C. is asked D. asks 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在采访中被问及最喜欢的音乐时，泰德更喜欢流行音乐。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。 7. （2024·四川成都·统考中考真题）What exciting news! The 2025 World Games ________ in Chengdu. A. was held B. is held C. will be held 【答案】C 【解析】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息！2025年世界运动会将在成都举行。 考查被动语态。根据“The 2025 World Games”可知，2025年世界运动会的举行发生在将来，此处应为一般将来时的被动语态，结构是will be done。故选C。 8. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day. —OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now. A. clean B. be cleaned C. is cleaned 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你的房间太脏了。必须每天清扫一下。——好的。妈妈，我现在就去。 考查含情态动词的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态be done，must后用动词原形，故选B。 9. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024? —Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays. A. is celebrated B. was celebrated C. will be celebrated 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你知道春节在2024年成为联合国的浮动假日吗？——是的。如今，全世界都在广泛庆祝春节。 考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“nowadays”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语与动词celebrate之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。 10. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）—Tom, the high-speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully. — Amazing! I’m looking forward to it! A. completes B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——汤姆，连接泸州和重庆的高速铁路有望在今年建成。——太棒了！我很期待！ 考查动词时态及被动语态。主语the high-speed railway与动词complete之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，高铁被建成，应为被动语态。根据“this year hopefully”及“I’m looking forward to it!”可知，高铁建成发生在将来，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 11. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming. —Yes. It ________ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year. A. was held B. is held C. will be held 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——第33届夏季奥运会即将到来。——是的。它将于今年7月26日至8月11日在巴黎举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语与“hold”是被动关系，结合“from July 26th to August 11th this year”可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。 12. （2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he _________ “the People’s Artist”. A. names B. named C. was named D. has named 【答案】C 【解析】句意：老舍写了很多戏剧，被评为“人民艺术家”。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，此处指老舍被称为“人民艺术家”，主语he和谓语name之间是被动关系，应为被动语态，结构是be done。故选C。 13. （2024·云南省·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people in the world these days. A. speak B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken 【答案】C 【解析】句意：现在世界上讲汉语的人越来越多了。 考查一般现在时被动语态。句中的主语Chinese和speak是动宾关系，故用被动。根据“these days”可知，时态是一般现在时，一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are done，主语为Chinese，be动词用is。故选C。 中考模拟训练 A.单句填空 1．[2024株洲模拟改编]The dog Zern ______________（train） well before, so it’s easy for him to smell special smell. [答案]was trained [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：小狗泽恩之前受过良好的训练，所以它很容易闻到特殊的气味。动词train和主语The dog Zern为被动关系，此处应用被动语态；由before可知，时态是一般过去时。故填was trained。 2．[2024长沙联考]He started the “little teacher system” in which young students ____________________（encourage） to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. [答案]were encouraged [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：他开创了“小先生制”，鼓励年轻的学生担任其他人的老师，甚至是比他们年长的人的老师。句中young students和动词encourage为被动关系，应用被动语态；由started可知，时态为一般过去时，故填were encouraged。 3．[2024长沙雅礼一模改编]Tongtong is glad that nowadays her dance ____________（admire） by so many people online. [答案]is admired [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:童童很高兴现在她的舞蹈在网上被这么多人欣赏。dance与admire之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；由nowadays可知用一般现在时，主语dance是单数，be动词用is。故填is admired。 4．[2024湖南联考]Another said, “Now I __________（move） by the mother’s love for her son and his gratitude（感激） to his mother.” [答案]am moved [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一位说：“现在我被母亲对儿子的爱和他对母亲的感激所感动。”I和动词move为被动关系，应用被动语态；由Now可知时态为一般现在时，故填am moved。 5．[2024长沙模拟]In ancient times, the Chinese emperors loved dragons and their clothes ________________（cover） with pictures of dragons. [答案]were covered [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：在古代，中国的皇帝都喜爱龙，他们的衣服上都覆盖着龙的图案。clothes与cover之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；由In ancient times可知，用一般过去时，主语clothes是复数，be动词用were。故填were covered。 6．[2023常德模拟]—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ______________（write） by Aron Ralston. [答案]was written [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。it指代上文提到的书，与write构成被动关系，应用被动语态；写书的时间应在过去，时态为一般过去时；主语it为第三人称单数，故填was written。 7．[2023岳阳模拟改编]The panda Ya Ya ______________（bring） back to China on April 27th, 2023. [答案]was brought [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语The panda Ya Ya与bring是被动关系,结合时间状语on April 27th, 2023可知,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was brought。 8．[2023郴州模拟改编]Many trees and flowers ______________（plant） every year to make our environment more beautiful. [答案]are planted [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据every year可知,时态为一般现在时,又因为主语Many trees and flowers和动词plant之间是被动关系,所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数，故填are planted。 9．[2023常德模拟]At home, students should ______________（educate） to look after themselves from a young age. [答案]be educated [解析]考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：在家里，学生应该从小接受教育，要自己照顾自己。主语students和动词educate之间是被动关系，空前是情态动词should，故填be educated。 10．[2022郴州模拟改编]A new supermarket ________________（build） on Center Street next year. [答案]will be built [解析]考查一般将来时的被动语态。supermarket与build之间是被动关系,且时间状语是next year,所以用一般将来时的被动语态,故填will be built。 11．[2024杭州二模]The creators say the future of the building will ____________（change） by 3D-printing technology. [答案]be changed [解析]根据空前的will和空后的by可知，此处为一般将来时的被动语态。结构为will be done。故填be changed。 12．[2024湖州一模]Smoking, phone conversations and noise-making __________________（not allow） inside the museum. [答案]aren't allowed [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：在博物馆里面，抽烟、手机通话和大声喧哗都不被允许。句子内容与规定相关，用一般现在时；主语Smoking, phone conversations and noise-making与动词allow之间为被动关系，且主语为复数，故填aren't allowed。 13.(2022泰州模拟)Jiangsu automatic(自动的) test of listening and speaking 　　　　　(hold) in April every year.  答案　is held　考查一般现在时的被动语态。由every year可知应用一般现在时。Jiangsu automatic test of listening and speaking是被举办的，故使用被动语态，test是单数形式，故填is held。 14.(2022无锡模拟)You 　　　　　　(expect) to be more organized in high school. So you can keep a diary.  答案　are expected　考查一般现在时的被动语态。此处表示你被期待更有条理，结合下一句“So you can keep a diary.”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态。 15.(2021常州模拟)It is said that this museum 　　　　　(name) after Qu Qiubai many years ago.  答案　was named　考查一般过去时的被动语态。从句中，主语this museum和谓语动词name是被动关系，表示“被命名”，根据时间状语many years ago可知，要用一般过去时，所以填was named。be named after“以……的名字来命名”。 B （2024杭州模拟改编） I miss the time of my first English speech competition. When I walked onto the stage, I 1.  （be） full of fear with my heart beating quickly. The other players were all quite experienced and I didn't think I 2.  （have） any chance to win. My teacher Mr Li came over and 3.  （encourage） me, “Take it easy. Just do your best!” I nodded my head. However, I had never attended such an activity before and things didn't go as smoothly as I expected. My mind 4.  （go） blank and I missed some of my words while making the speech. I was still for a few minutes when I saw so many teachers and students waiting for me to continue. At that time, the only thought that came to me was to give up and I just couldn't help pulling my tie all the time. Suddenly, I saw Mr Li. He 5.  （sit） in the fourth row, looking at me with his eyes filled with love. I realized what exactly I needed to do. I tried hard to remember the words, and finally I finished my speech. I was not curious about the result of the competition because I 6.  （get） the most important thing. After that, whenever I meet something difficult, I always remember the eye contact and I 7.  （feel） energetic again. [答案]1．was2．had3．encouraged4．went5．was sitting6．have got7．will feel [解析] 2．考查一般过去时。设空处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据didn't think可知主句为一般过去时，因此从句也是过去的某种时态。结合语境可知是一般过去时，故填had。 5．考查过去进行时。此处表示当“我”看向李老师的时候，他正坐在第四排。sit为延续性动词，根据空前的saw可知，空处应用过去进行时。故填was sitting。 7．考查一般将来时。根据空前的“After that, whenever I meet something difficult”可知，设空处的动作发生在将来。故填will feel。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$