专题05 代词-2025届中考英语语法全面讲解

代词全面讲解 目录 代词全面讲解 1 一．代词的分类 2 二．人称代词用法 2 易错总结 2 三．物主代词的用法 3 四．反身代词的用法 3 易错总结 4 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词专项训练 4 五．指示代词用法 5 易错总结 6 六．疑问代词 6 易错总结 6 七．不定代词用法 6 考点拓展 8 不定代词专项训练 8 八．复合不定代词用法 8 易错总结 9 九．it用作形式主语的用法 9 指示代词、疑问代词及it的用法专项训练 10 代词综合训练 10 一．基础训练 10 二．中考试题训练 11 一．代词的分类 英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和不定代词等等。 二．人称代词用法 人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 主语和宾语 I like him. 主语 谓语 宾语 代词充当主语的时候用主格，充当宾语的时候用宾格。 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he,she,it him,her,it they them （1）主格用来作句子的主语。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) （2）宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) （3）人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？) –It’s I/me.(是我。) （4）三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 易错总结 人称代词中几个注意的情况： 第一人称单数代词 " I（我）" 不论在什么地方都要大写。 I study English every day.我天天学习英语。 " she "常常代替国家，城市，宠物等，表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。 I live in China。She is a great country.我住在中国.她是一个伟大的国家。 " it " 可指身份不清人、天气、环境、时间。可用作形式主语、形式宾语或强调句型。 It's me. Open the door,please.是我，请开门。 " they " 有时代替一般人. They say you are good at computer.他们说你精通计算机。 三．物主代词的用法 说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 种类 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs （1）形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如： Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) （2）名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is my cup(mine)?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？) Your classroom is very big, but ours(our classroom) is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) （3）“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如： A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) [试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 四．反身代词的用法 表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己，他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 反身代词第一，二人称构成是由形容词性物主代词加 "-self " （复数加 -selves )构成。 第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式-self（复数加 -selves )构成。 （1）反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。如： Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的) （2）在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好) 反身代词的常用词组： by oneself(亲自) for oneself(为自己) call oneself(称自己) teach oneself(自学) help oneself to sth.(随便吃) speak to oneself(自言自语) lose oneself(迷路) enjoy oneself(自得其乐) 易错总结 help oneself用法 用作招呼客人吃东西时的客套话，其意为“请随便吃”“请吃”。 Help yourself to the fruit. 吃点水果吧。 Make yourself at home, and help yourself to anything you like. 请不要拘束，喜欢吃什么就吃什么。 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun用法 自我欣赏,自娱;玩得痛快,过得愉快。 Did you enjoy yourself of the party?你在宴会上愉快吗? "enjoy oneself doing sth"=have fun doing sth.表示做某件事情非常的开心，陶醉于做某事，侧重于表现在“做什么”。 The girl enjoy herself playing in the garden. 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词专项训练 1.Before leaving, he gave 　　　(I)a photo album.“It has the memorable events we have experienced together.  2.She wore dirty clothes and her mouth was nearly toothless. If she was not asleep, she talked to 　　　(her). What a poor old lady!  3.One day, you will leave your parents. You have to learn to look after 　　　.  4.Then he told 　　　(they) what I did on the bus this morning.  5.Last week the students went skating and enjoyed 　　　 very much.(them)  6.The little girl is so smart. She can make a cake by　　　without help.(she)  7.—Is that John’s ball? —No, it’s mine.　　　is under the chair.  8.My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I􀆳ll meet　　　at the airport.  9.Everyone makes mistakes in his or her life.The important thing is not to repeat　　　.  10.Mrs.Smith often goes to visit those AIDS patients in hospitals to cheer　　　 up.  五．指示代词用法 指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。 单数 复数 含义 this(这个) these(这些) 指较近的人和物 that(那个) those(那些) 指较远的人和物 such (这样的人/物) 指上文提过的人和物 same (同样的人/物) 指和上文提过的相同的人和物 it (这人/这物) 指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时 指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词。如： What’s this?(这是什么？) That model plane is made of plastic.(那只模型飞机是塑料做的)(被动句) Remember never to do such things.(记得永远不要做这样的事情) Do the same as the teacher tells you. (按老师说的做） ---Who is it?(是谁？) ---It’s me!(是我！) 易错总结 1.在打电话的语境中，常习惯用this和that代替I和you。如： —Hello! Is that Mrs.White? 喂!你是怀特夫人吗？ —Sorry. Mrs. White isn’t here. This is Kate, her daughter.对不起，怀特夫人不在这儿，我是她的女儿凯特。 2.指上文的事情，可以用this，也可以用that替代；指下文的事情，则要用this替代。如： My bike broke down. This/That is why I was late.我的自行车坏了，因此我才迟到了。 This is my idea. We should start out at once.我的建议是我们应该马上出发。 六．疑问代词 表示“谁（who），谁 (whom），谁的（whose），什么（what），哪个或哪些 (which）”等词叫疑问代词。关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词 格 指人 指物 指人或物 主格 who谁 what 什么 which 哪个，哪些 宾格 whom 谁 所有格 whose 谁的 whose 谁的 whose 谁的 易错总结 1.疑问代词who作主语时，即使被问者是复数，其谓语动词也通常用单数形式。如： —Who is coming to have dinner tonight?今晚谁要来吃饭？ —Susan, Linda and Tom.苏珊、琳达和汤姆。 2.疑问代词what作定语时，意为“什么”，不限制范围；which作定语时，意为“哪(几)个”，指在一定数目中进行选择，限制在一定范围内。如： What girls do you like best? 你最喜欢什么样的女孩？ Which girls do you like best? 你最喜欢哪几个女孩？ 七．不定代词用法 没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词，常用不定代词如下： 序号 不定 代词 用法 例句 1 some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。 Tom has some story books. Would you like some milk?　 any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中。 Are there any apples on the tree? There aren’t any buses. 2 both 表示“两者都”。 Tom’s parents are both doctors. all 表示“三者或三者以上都”。 All of the books are very interesting. either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Either of the books is interesting. neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither of his friends has come yet. 3 no one 指人，不能接of 短语。 No one would like to go with her. none 表示否定，可以指人或物，常接of短语。 None of them has been to Beijing. 4 every 表整体概念，只能作定语。不能与of短语连用。表示“每一”。 Every time I go to see him,he is very busy. each 强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可以指人或物。可以与of 短语连用。表示“每一个”。 Each of you can try twice. 5 many 修饰可数名词复数。 There are many books on the desk. much 修饰不可数名词。 I have much homework to do. 6 few 表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。 He has few friends here. a few 表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰可数名词。 There are a few apples in the basket. little 表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。 There is little water in the bottle.　 a little 表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰不可数名词。 Don’t worry. There is a little time left. 7 other 泛指其他的，修饰复数名词。 Do you have any other ideas?　 the other 指“两者中的另一个”。 I have two books. One is Chinese, the other is English.　 another 指“三者或以上中的另一个”。 Would you like another cup of tea? others 泛指其他的人或物。 Some went to the park,others visited the museum. the others 特指其余的所有人或物。 Five students in our class are English,the others are Chinese. 1.不定代词all和not连用时表示部分否定，要译成“不是全部”，不能译成“全部不”、“都不”；表示全部否定要用none。如： Not all the balls are round.并不是所有的球都是圆形的。 None of the bread is fresh.这些面包都不新鲜。 2.both与not连用也表示部分否定，译为“并非两者都”，不可译为“两者都不”；表示全部否定用neither。如： Both of us are not doctors.我们俩并非都是医生。 Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。 考点拓展 either…or…或者，或者; 不是，就是neither…nor…既不，也不 1.若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用单数。 Either Mary or Lucy is coming． 不是玛丽来，就是露西来。 2.若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用复数。 Neither my parents nor my grandparents are coming． 我的父母不来，我的爷爷奶奶也不来。 3.如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时，动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。（就近原则） Either my parents or Lucy is coming． 不是我的父母来，就是露西来。 There is a book and two pens on the table. Neither my parents nor Lucy is coming. 我的父母和露西都没来。 不定代词专项训练 1.—Tickets for today? —Sorry, we’ve got 　　　 left, but we have a few for tomorrow.  2.Some students are learning exam skills;o　　　 are taking up hobbies to develop themselves.  3.Helen has got two brothers. 　　　 of them likes chocolate, but she loves it.  4.—Which of the two subjects do you like,PE or music? —　　　.They are really interesting.  5.I tried two bookshops for the dictionary I wanted,but　　　 of them had it.  八．复合不定代词用法 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每个人 someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 something 某事 anything 任何事 nothing 没有东西 everything 每件事 易错总结 1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2.当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词everybody, nobody, anyone等时，其反意疑问句主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物复合不定代词，如everything, anything, nothing, something等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用it。如： Everybody is here, aren’t they?大家都在这，是吗？ Everything is ready, isn’t it?一切都准备好了，是吗？ 3.当形容词或else(另外) 修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如： Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you.肖明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？ 4.everyone = everybody, anyone = anybody,只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如： Is anybody here?有人吗？ You can take any one of these.你可以随便拿一个。 九．it用作形式主语的用法 (1)It's time for sb. to do sth./ It's time for sth. (2)It takes sb. some time to do sth. (3)It costs/cost sb. some money to do sth. (4)It seems/seemed that... (5)It is one's turn to do sth. (6)It is / has been +时间段+ since +一般过去时 (7)It's said /reported that...;(8)It's+名词/形容词+ that从句 (9)It's +名词/形容词+(for/ of sb.)+不定式 (10)It looks (seems) as if... 指示代词、疑问代词及it的用法专项训练 一、填空题 1.—　　　(谁的) baseball is this?  —It belongs to Tony. 2.—　　　do you usually share happiness with?  —My parents and my best friend. 二、单项选择 1.“Ed, do you like The Readers hosted by Dong Qing?” “Yes. I watch 　　　 every week.”  A.one B.it C.them 2.After the new high-speed railway line began operations, the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than 　　　 in the past.  A.one B.this C.that D.it 3.The population of our city has increased 　　　 40%, compared with 　　　 of 3 years ago.  A.by;that B.to;those C.with;ones D.of;it 代词综合训练 一．基础训练 A.根据句意,用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.This isn't Julie's notebook.　 　(she) is in her schoolbag.  2.You have to ask Mike 　 　(he).Nobody else knows his address.  3.These flowers belong to Miss Wang.They are as beautiful as 　 　(we).  4.“Sit down and make 　 　(you) at home, boys and girls!” said Mrs.Li kindly.  5.George introduced us to some friends of 　 　(he) at the party.  6.—Oh, I'm feeling so thirsty and tired. —　 　(I), too.  7.This physics problem isn't hard at all.I can work it out 　 　(I).  8.　 　 (I) Chinese teacher asked me with whom I had discussed the problem.  9.—Do you know Alice? —Yes.I know 　 　(she) very well.We have been friends for long.  10.This English dictionary is not mine.It must be 　 　(Tom).  11.Lily's backpack is much bigger than　 　 (me).  12.Mrs.Guo teaches　 　 (we) history.  13.We should always keep 　 　 (we) away from danger.  14.I found it impossible for 　 　 (he) to work out the maths problem.  15.The boy who comes to the party is given a wooden apple with 　 　 (he) own name in it as a souvenir.  16.These boys have been able to dress 　 　 (them) at the age of five.  17.Betty and her sister went to the museum with a relative of 　 　(them).  18.—Is this your cousin's sweater? —No.　 　 (she) is on the chair behind the desk.  B.语篇型语法填空 A 选择方框中的词并用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。 it other he they nothing anything this you we everyone Once upon a time, there was a boy who was out playing on the beach with1.   friends. While they were playing, the boy found a stone which looked strange. This stone wasn’t the same as 2.  . It was a little bit shining. But it was quite dirty. The boy took the stone home because he wanted to polish（磨） it. His friends felt surprised so they asked, “Why are 3.   polishing that ugly stone?” But the boy said 4. . From then on, when they went out to play, the boy would take the stone with him. He would polish 5.   whenever he had a rest. 6.   went on for some time. Then one day, the boy went to play with his friends as usual. He had a surprise for 7.  . When he showed the stone to them, 8.   was amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all—it was a beautiful diamond（钻石）. The boy had been polishing it until it was completely clean and bright. In 9.   lives, there will be times when people try to discourage us. The best thing we can do is to continue to work towards our goals. This story tells us that 10.   is possible if we go for it. B 1.   is everyone’s duty to help animals to stop extinction（灭绝）. As a student, there are so many things you can do 2.  （your） too! Please look at the following tips（建议） to help the endangered animals. Send a letter to 3.  （you） local environment protecting center and show how you feel about the quick extinction of animals. Use the facts to write what you have found. Draw pictures and make a poster. Put this poster somewhere at school or where people will usually see it. Add some text in the sign to make it clear why you care about the loss of animals. It may encourage people to do something to protect the animals. Watch your diet. Before eating meals, you should see if you will break a food chain. If you see 4.  （anyone） doing something bad for the food chain, please stop 5.  （he） at once. C After the winter vacation, I had to move to a new city with my parents. On 1.  （I） first day to the new school, it was snowy. It seemed even colder since I was worrying about what might happen in the new school. It was early so there weren't many travelers on the road. Suddenly, a girl who was riding a bike in the snow fell down. She was trying hard to stand up but fell again. Without thinking twice, I went over to help her quickly. She said “Thank you” with a smile and then rode away. 2.  （she） smile warmed me a lot. When I got to the school, the teacher led me to the classroom. After a short introduction, he asked me to sit down beside a girl. I didn't pay attention to my new deskmate because I felt very nervous. Soon, the first class, English, started. Suddenly I found my books were different from 3.  （they）. What should I do? As I was wondering what to do, an English book was offered in front of me. “Let's share it，” the girl beside me said. “Hi, I'm Carrie.”To my surprise, I found that it was the girl I helped this morning. It's true that to help 4.  （other） is actually to help 5.  （we）! D 　　“Without the ball， 1.　　　　　(myself， my) life is incomplete，” Luis Figo， one of the world’s greatest football players， once said.  The Portuguese played his first international match at the age of 17. He reached a new mark by playing 2.　　　(his， him) hundredth match for his national team. A crowd of more than 30，000 fans watched and cheered for3.　　　　　(him，them). “Figo! Figo!” 4.　　　　　(all， both) shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.  The Real Madrid player wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win 5.　　　　　(another， other) Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Real Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona， and he showed 6.　　　　　(everyone， someone) what a great player he was by winning FIFA’s Footballer of the Year award in 2001.  “Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player，” said former FIFA president Joseph S.Blatter. Figo 7.　　　　　(himself， he) was a real leader 8.　　　　　(who， which) always tried his best on the field and a good team player. He didn’t have any problems working together with his teammate David Beckham. In fact， Figo was the first 9.　　　　　(one， that) to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team， and we can help each 10.　　　　　(other， another) and work together to be successful，” Figo said.  二．中考试题训练 中考真题训练 1. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better. A. we B. us C. our 2. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________? A. mine B. hers C. his D. its 3. （2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________? A. mine B. hers C. his D. its 4. （2024·广西·统考中考真题）—Andy, who are the girls over there? —________ are my sisters, Lily and Lucy. A. They B. We C. You 5. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch? —No, ________ is pink. A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours 6. （2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题）Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese. A. a few B. a little C. little 7. （2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—Hi, Linda. The bicycle is the newest style. Is it Mary’s? —Yes, it’s ________. She bought it last week. A. mine B. yours C. hers 8. （2024·湖北省武汉·中考真题）—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays. —Yeah, that’s because ________ can give people a big laugh. A. all B. none C. both D. neither 9. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Dazhou last month? —Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents. A. anything special B. special anything C. something special 10. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）—The best things in life are free. —Couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 11. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning? —Yes, I think it works well. A. it B. that C. this D. its 12. （2024·四川雅安市·中考真题）—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________? —No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk. A. you B. yours C. your D. yourself 13. （2024·甘肃省武威·中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________? A. mine B. hers C. his D. its 14. （2024·四川雅安市·中考真题）—Tommy, is there____________ in the classroom now? —No. All the students are having a P. E. lesson on the playground. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody 15. （2024·天津·中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A. my; myself B. my; mine C. me; myself D. me; mine 16. （2024·云南省·中考真题）—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself 17. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）—________ is the biggest blue whale? —As I know, it weighs about 181, 000 kilos. A. How heavy B. How long C. How wide 18. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—________ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big 19. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—________ was the zipper invented? —In 1893. A. When B. How C. Why D. Where 20. （2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题）—________ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big 中考模拟训练 A.单句填空 1．[2024娄底二模]She created a course that educated divers about the beauty of sharks and the need to protect them and ______（they） environment. 2．[2024长沙明德模拟]____（it） name is made up of two parts, namely “baduan” and “jin”. 3．[2024湘西州一模改编]If we feel pleased with our bodies, we will be more likely to take care of ____（they）. 4．[2024长沙模拟]We are proud to call ____________（we） the “descendants（传人） of the dragon”. 5．[2024邵阳模拟]From the dining hall’s pizza to the coffee shops’ burgers, it was difficult for ____（she） to eat healthily every day. 6．[2024张家界模拟]There are hardly any fish left, and the water ________（it） smells terrible. 7．[2024衡阳三模]In the first episode, for example, two actresses appeared and grew watermelons and cooked local food together by ____________（they）. 8．[2023怀化改编]My mother’s birthday is coming. I will buy a gift for ____（she）. 9．[2023岳阳模拟改编]Believe in __________（you） and you can overcome your shyness. 10．[2023郴州模拟改编]—My best friend is more popular than me. I want to be like him. —It’s not necessary to be the same. You should just be__________（you）. 11．[2023株洲模拟改编]Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought （we） closer together. 12．[2024杭州一模]The actress often writes stories that are always about family, love, and personal development by ________（she）. 13．[2023金华模拟]“My first taste of Hanfu was the Tang style. __ is fun to wear Hanfu,” said the young man. 14．[2023丽水模拟]Grandma Kate told （I）, “Don't throw away the stems, because if you put them in the ground, they will grow back.” 15.[2021台州模拟]Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls （he） action the Race to Kindness. B.不定代词填空 1．[2024衡阳一模]One girl said one of her friends had said ____________ that hurt her feelings and she was really sad about it. She didn’t know how to deal with it. 2．[2024湖北武汉改编]—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays. —Yeah, that’s because ____ can give people a big laugh. 3．[2023邵阳改编]—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom? —Oh, one is under the bed, ____________ is behind the door. 4．[2023郴州模拟]—Who went to Changsha with your sister? —________. She went there alone. 5．[2023张家界模拟]He just filled two pots with water and put them on the fire to boil them. Then, he put potatoes into one pot and ground coffee beans（研磨过的咖啡豆） into ____________. 6．[2020郴州改编]—Don’t play games any more. There’s ________ useful for you. —OK, Mom. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 代词全面讲解 目录 代词全面讲解 1 一．代词的分类 2 二．人称代词用法 2 易错总结 2 三．物主代词的用法 3 四．反身代词的用法 3 易错总结 4 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词专项训练 4 五．指示代词用法 5 易错总结 6 六．疑问代词 6 易错总结 6 七．不定代词用法 6 考点拓展 8 不定代词专项训练 8 八．复合不定代词用法 8 易错总结 9 九．it用作形式主语的用法 9 指示代词、疑问代词及it的用法专项训练 10 代词综合训练 10 一．基础训练 10 二．中考试题训练 11 一．代词的分类 英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和不定代词等等。 二．人称代词用法 人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 主语和宾语 I like him. 主语 谓语 宾语 代词充当主语的时候用主格，充当宾语的时候用宾格。 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he,she,it him,her,it they them （1）主格用来作句子的主语。如： I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) （2）宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。 如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语？) We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) （3）人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？) –It’s I/me.(是我。) （4）三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和我) 易错总结 人称代词中几个注意的情况： 第一人称单数代词 " I（我）" 不论在什么地方都要大写。 I study English every day.我天天学习英语。 " she "常常代替国家，城市，宠物等，表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。 I live in China。She is a great country.我住在中国.她是一个伟大的国家。 " it " 可指身份不清人、天气、环境、时间。可用作形式主语、形式宾语或强调句型。 It's me. Open the door,please.是我，请开门。 " they " 有时代替一般人. They say you are good at computer.他们说你精通计算机。 三．物主代词的用法 说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。 种类 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 形容词性 my your his/her/its our your their 名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs （1）形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如： Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗？) I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望阿姨) They are their books.(是他们的书) （2）名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如： This is your cup,but where is my cup(mine)?(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿？) Your classroom is very big, but ours(our classroom) is rather small.(你们的教室很大,我们的相当小) （3）“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如： A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一个朋友昨天来看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。) [试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天来看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。) 四．反身代词的用法 表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己，他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 反身代词第一，二人称构成是由形容词性物主代词加 "-self " （复数加 -selves )构成。 第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式-self（复数加 -selves )构成。 （1）反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。如： Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的) （2）在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如： The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好) 反身代词的常用词组： by oneself(亲自) for oneself(为自己) call oneself(称自己) teach oneself(自学) help oneself to sth.(随便吃) speak to oneself(自言自语) lose oneself(迷路) enjoy oneself(自得其乐) 易错总结 help oneself用法 用作招呼客人吃东西时的客套话，其意为“请随便吃”“请吃”。 Help yourself to the fruit. 吃点水果吧。 Make yourself at home, and help yourself to anything you like. 请不要拘束，喜欢吃什么就吃什么。 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun用法 自我欣赏,自娱;玩得痛快,过得愉快。 Did you enjoy yourself of the party?你在宴会上愉快吗? "enjoy oneself doing sth"=have fun doing sth.表示做某件事情非常的开心，陶醉于做某事，侧重于表现在“做什么”。 The girl enjoy herself playing in the garden. 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词专项训练 1.Before leaving, he gave 　　　(I)a photo album.“It has the memorable events we have experienced together.  答案　me　句意:在离开前,他给了我一本相册。此处使用了give sb. sth.结构,由此可知本空应填人称代词的宾格形式,故本空填me。 2.She wore dirty clothes and her mouth was nearly toothless. If she was not asleep, she talked to 　　　(her). What a poor old lady!  答案　herself　句意:如果她没睡觉,她就自言自语。当主语和宾语人称一致时,宾语用反身代词。故填herself。 3.One day, you will leave your parents. You have to learn to look after 　　　.  答案　yourself/yourselves　句意:某天你(们)会离开父母,你(们)必须学会照顾自己。根据主语You可知此处要填反身代词。 4.Then he told 　　　(they) what I did on the bus this morning.  答案　them　句意:然后他告诉了他们我今天早晨在公交车上做的事。told为谓语动词,后面应该用人称代词的宾格形式构成动宾结构,故本空用they的宾格形式them。 5.Last week the students went skating and enjoyed 　　　 very much.(them)  答案　themselves　句意:上周学生们去滑冰并且玩得非常开心。固定短语enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”,故本题填themselves。 6.The little girl is so smart. She can make a cake by　　　without help.(she)  答案　herself　by oneself独自。 7.—Is that John’s ball? —No, it’s mine.　　　is under the chair.  答案　His/John’s　此处用his指代John’s ball,或省略所有格后的名词,即填John’s。 8.My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I􀆳ll meet　　　at the airport.  答案　him　句意:我的弟弟明天将来看我。我会去机场接他。本题考查人称代词的用法。弟弟是男的,而且放在动词后作宾语,故使用人称代词宾格。 9.Everyone makes mistakes in his or her life.The important thing is not to repeat　　　.  答案　them　句意:每个人一生中都会犯错误,重要的是不要重复犯这些错误。本题考查代词的用法。设空处指代前面出现的名词mistakes,应用them。 10.Mrs.Smith often goes to visit those AIDS patients in hospitals to cheer　　　 up.  答案　them　句意:史密斯太太经常去看望那些住院的艾滋病患者,以使他们振作起来。本题考查代词的用法。此处用them指代those AIDS patients。 五．指示代词用法 指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。 单数 复数 含义 this(这个) these(这些) 指较近的人和物 that(那个) those(那些) 指较远的人和物 such (这样的人/物) 指上文提过的人和物 same (同样的人/物) 指和上文提过的相同的人和物 it (这人/这物) 指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时 指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词。如： What’s this?(这是什么？) That model plane is made of plastic.(那只模型飞机是塑料做的)(被动句) Remember never to do such things.(记得永远不要做这样的事情) Do the same as the teacher tells you. (按老师说的做） ---Who is it?(是谁？) ---It’s me!(是我！) 易错总结 1.在打电话的语境中，常习惯用this和that代替I和you。如： —Hello! Is that Mrs.White? 喂!你是怀特夫人吗？ —Sorry. Mrs. White isn’t here. This is Kate, her daughter.对不起，怀特夫人不在这儿，我是她的女儿凯特。 2.指上文的事情，可以用this，也可以用that替代；指下文的事情，则要用this替代。如： My bike broke down. This/That is why I was late.我的自行车坏了，因此我才迟到了。 This is my idea. We should start out at once.我的建议是我们应该马上出发。 六．疑问代词 表示“谁（who），谁 (whom），谁的（whose），什么（what），哪个或哪些 (which）”等词叫疑问代词。关系代词：用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词 格 指人 指物 指人或物 主格 who谁 what 什么 which 哪个，哪些 宾格 whom 谁 所有格 whose 谁的 whose 谁的 whose 谁的 易错总结 1.疑问代词who作主语时，即使被问者是复数，其谓语动词也通常用单数形式。如： —Who is coming to have dinner tonight?今晚谁要来吃饭？ —Susan, Linda and Tom.苏珊、琳达和汤姆。 2.疑问代词what作定语时，意为“什么”，不限制范围；which作定语时，意为“哪(几)个”，指在一定数目中进行选择，限制在一定范围内。如： What girls do you like best? 你最喜欢什么样的女孩？ Which girls do you like best? 你最喜欢哪几个女孩？ 七．不定代词用法 没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词，常用不定代词如下： 序号 不定 代词 用法 例句 1 some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。 Tom has some story books. Would you like some milk?　 any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中。 Are there any apples on the tree? There aren’t any buses. 2 both 表示“两者都”。 Tom’s parents are both doctors. all 表示“三者或三者以上都”。 All of the books are very interesting. either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Either of the books is interesting. neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 Neither of his friends has come yet. 3 no one 指人，不能接of 短语。 No one would like to go with her. none 表示否定，可以指人或物，常接of短语。 None of them has been to Beijing. 4 every 表整体概念，只能作定语。不能与of短语连用。表示“每一”。 Every time I go to see him,he is very busy. each 强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可以指人或物。可以与of 短语连用。表示“每一个”。 Each of you can try twice. 5 many 修饰可数名词复数。 There are many books on the desk. much 修饰不可数名词。 I have much homework to do. 6 few 表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。 He has few friends here. a few 表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰可数名词。 There are a few apples in the basket. little 表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。 There is little water in the bottle.　 a little 表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰不可数名词。 Don’t worry. There is a little time left. 7 other 泛指其他的，修饰复数名词。 Do you have any other ideas?　 the other 指“两者中的另一个”。 I have two books. One is Chinese, the other is English.　 another 指“三者或以上中的另一个”。 Would you like another cup of tea? others 泛指其他的人或物。 Some went to the park,others visited the museum. the others 特指其余的所有人或物。 Five students in our class are English,the others are Chinese. 1.不定代词all和not连用时表示部分否定，要译成“不是全部”，不能译成“全部不”、“都不”；表示全部否定要用none。如： Not all the balls are round.并不是所有的球都是圆形的。 None of the bread is fresh.这些面包都不新鲜。 2.both与not连用也表示部分否定，译为“并非两者都”，不可译为“两者都不”；表示全部否定用neither。如： Both of us are not doctors.我们俩并非都是医生。 Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生。 考点拓展 either…or…或者，或者; 不是，就是neither…nor…既不，也不 1.若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用单数。 Either Mary or Lucy is coming． 不是玛丽来，就是露西来。 2.若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语，后面动词用复数。 Neither my parents nor my grandparents are coming． 我的父母不来，我的爷爷奶奶也不来。 3.如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时，动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。（就近原则） Either my parents or Lucy is coming． 不是我的父母来，就是露西来。 There is a book and two pens on the table. Neither my parents nor Lucy is coming. 我的父母和露西都没来。 不定代词专项训练 1.—Tickets for today? —Sorry, we’ve got 　　　 left, but we have a few for tomorrow.  答案　none 　句意:——有今天的票吗?——抱歉,我们已经没有票了,但我们有一些明天的票。根据句意可知,设空处指代的是问句中的tickets。故填代词none。 2.Some students are learning exam skills;o　　　 are taking up hobbies to develop themselves.  答案　others　本题考查代词。some...others...一些……另一些……。根据前面的Some可知答案。 3.Helen has got two brothers. 　　　 of them likes chocolate, but she loves it.  答案　Neither　句意:Helen有两个弟弟。他们都不喜欢巧克力,但她喜欢。本题考查代词。根据句意及前一句中的two可知设空处为“两个都不”。 4.—Which of the two subjects do you like,PE or music? —　　　.They are really interesting.  答案　Both　句意:——体育和音乐这两门学科你喜欢哪一门?——两门都喜欢。它们真的很有趣。考查代词。由答句They are really interesting.可知两门学科都喜欢,因此使用Both。 5.I tried two bookshops for the dictionary I wanted,but　　　 of them had it.  答案　neither　句意:我去了两家书店找我想要的字典,但是它们都没有这本字典。本题考查代词。根据前文two bookshops及but的提示,可知两家书店都没有,两者都不,答案是neither。 八．复合不定代词用法 somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每个人 someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人 something 某事 anything 任何事 nothing 没有东西 everything 每件事 易错总结 1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 2.当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词everybody, nobody, anyone等时，其反意疑问句主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物复合不定代词，如everything, anything, nothing, something等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用it。如： Everybody is here, aren’t they?大家都在这，是吗？ Everything is ready, isn’t it?一切都准备好了，是吗？ 3.当形容词或else(另外) 修饰复合不定代词something, everything, everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如： Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you.肖明，我有重要的事情要告诉你。 We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else? 我们还需要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？ 4.everyone = everybody, anyone = anybody,只指人，不能与of短语连用；every one, any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of连用才可以。如： Is anybody here?有人吗？ You can take any one of these.你可以随便拿一个。 九．it用作形式主语的用法 (1)It's time for sb. to do sth./ It's time for sth. (2)It takes sb. some time to do sth. (3)It costs/cost sb. some money to do sth. (4)It seems/seemed that... (5)It is one's turn to do sth. (6)It is / has been +时间段+ since +一般过去时 (7)It's said /reported that...;(8)It's+名词/形容词+ that从句 (9)It's +名词/形容词+(for/ of sb.)+不定式 (10)It looks (seems) as if... 指示代词、疑问代词及it的用法专项训练 一、填空题 1.—　　　(谁的) baseball is this?  —It belongs to Tony. 答案　Whose　句意:——这是谁的棒球?——它属于托尼。 2.—　　　do you usually share happiness with?  —My parents and my best friend. 答案　Who　句意:——你通常和谁一起分享快乐?——我的父母和我最好的朋友。本题考查疑问代词。根据答语可知答案为Who。 二、单项选择 1.“Ed, do you like The Readers hosted by Dong Qing?” “Yes. I watch 　　　 every week.”  A.one B.it C.them 答案　B　句意:“Ed,你喜欢看由董卿主持的《朗读者》吗?”“是的,我每周都看它。”此题考查代词用法。one指“一个”,it指上文提到的事物(单数),them指代上文提到的人或事件(复数),此题容易错选them,但The Readers是一个节目的名称,所以视为单数,因此选B。 2.After the new high-speed railway line began operations, the time on the trip from Lianyungang to Qingdao now is much less than 　　　 in the past.  A.one B.this C.that D.it 答案　C　句意:新高速铁路线投入运营以后,现在从连云港到青岛旅途花费的时间比过去少多了。本题考查代词。设空处代替的the time是不可数名词,故用that,故选C。 3.The population of our city has increased 　　　 40%, compared with 　　　 of 3 years ago.  A.by;that B.to;those C.with;ones D.of;it 答案　A　句意:我们城市的人口数与三年前相比已经增长了40%。本题考查介词和代词。increase by指增长了几倍或百分之几,后面加百分数或倍数;that=the population。故选A。 代词综合训练 一．基础训练 A.根据句意,用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.This isn't Julie's notebook.　 　(she) is in her schoolbag.  2.You have to ask Mike 　 　(he).Nobody else knows his address.  3.These flowers belong to Miss Wang.They are as beautiful as 　 　(we).  4.“Sit down and make 　 　(you) at home, boys and girls!” said Mrs.Li kindly.  5.George introduced us to some friends of 　 　(he) at the party.  6.—Oh, I'm feeling so thirsty and tired. —　 　(I), too.  7.This physics problem isn't hard at all.I can work it out 　 　(I).  8.　 　 (I) Chinese teacher asked me with whom I had discussed the problem.  9.—Do you know Alice? —Yes.I know 　 　(she) very well.We have been friends for long.  10.This English dictionary is not mine.It must be 　 　(Tom).  11.Lily's backpack is much bigger than　 　 (me).  12.Mrs.Guo teaches　 　 (we) history.  13.We should always keep 　 　 (we) away from danger.  14.I found it impossible for 　 　 (he) to work out the maths problem.  15.The boy who comes to the party is given a wooden apple with 　 　 (he) own name in it as a souvenir.  16.These boys have been able to dress 　 　 (them) at the age of five.  17.Betty and her sister went to the museum with a relative of 　 　(them).  18.—Is this your cousin's sweater? —No.　 　 (she) is on the chair behind the desk.  1.Hers　2.himself　3.ours　4.yourself/yourselves5.his　6.Me 　7.myself　8.My　9.her 　10.Tom's　11.mine　12.us　13.ourselves　14.him　15.his16.themselves　17.theirs　18.Hers B.语篇型语法填空 A 选择方框中的词并用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。 it other he they nothing anything this you we everyone Once upon a time, there was a boy who was out playing on the beach with1.   friends. While they were playing, the boy found a stone which looked strange. This stone wasn’t the same as 2.  . It was a little bit shining. But it was quite dirty. The boy took the stone home because he wanted to polish（磨） it. His friends felt surprised so they asked, “Why are 3.   polishing that ugly stone?” But the boy said 4. . From then on, when they went out to play, the boy would take the stone with him. He would polish 5.   whenever he had a rest. 6.   went on for some time. Then one day, the boy went to play with his friends as usual. He had a surprise for 7.  . When he showed the stone to them, 8.   was amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all—it was a beautiful diamond（钻石）. The boy had been polishing it until it was completely clean and bright. In 9.   lives, there will be times when people try to discourage us. The best thing we can do is to continue to work towards our goals. This story tells us that 10.   is possible if we go for it. [答案]1．his2．others3．you4．nothing5．it6．This7．them8．everyone9．our10．anything [解析] 1．考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰名词friends，用形容词性物主代词，表示他的朋友。故填his。 2．考查不定代词。此处指这块石头和其他的石头不一样，用others代替other stones。故填others。 3．考查人称代词。此处为朋友们问这个男孩：“你为什么在打磨那块难看的石头？”故填you。 4．考查不定代词。根据空前的But可推断，男孩并没有回答朋友们的问题，什么也没说。故填nothing。 5．考查it的用法。本空指代上句中的the stone，且作动词polish的宾语。故填it。 6．考查指示代词。根据空后的went on for some time和下文的“The boy had been polishing it until it was completely clean and bright.”可推断，此处指男孩打磨石头这件事持续了一段时间，应用指示代词this。注意句首单词首字母大写，故填This。 7．考查人称代词。本空指代上句中的his friends，且作介词for的宾语，应用宾格形式。故填them。 8．考查不定代词。根据设空处后的was和前文可知，每一个人都感到惊讶。故填everyone。 9．考查形容词性物主代词。由本句结尾词us可知，本段升华文章，联系我们自身，表示在我们的生活中，空处修饰名词lives，应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。 10．考查不定代词。根据故事内容（男孩花时间不停打磨一块难看的石头，最终呈现出一颗美丽的钻石）可知，这个故事告诉我们：如果付出努力，任何事都有可能实现。故填anything。 B 1.   is everyone’s duty to help animals to stop extinction（灭绝）. As a student, there are so many things you can do 2.  （your） too! Please look at the following tips（建议） to help the endangered animals. Send a letter to 3.  （you） local environment protecting center and show how you feel about the quick extinction of animals. Use the facts to write what you have found. Draw pictures and make a poster. Put this poster somewhere at school or where people will usually see it. Add some text in the sign to make it clear why you care about the loss of animals. It may encourage people to do something to protect the animals. Watch your diet. Before eating meals, you should see if you will break a food chain. If you see 4.  （anyone） doing something bad for the food chain, please stop 5.  （he） at once. [答案]1．It2．yourself3．your4．someone5．him [解析] 1．考查it的用法。这里表示帮助动物停止灭绝是每个人的责任。此处为“It is+n.+to do sth.”句型，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语，且空处位于句首，故填It。 2．考查反身代词。此处表示作为一名学生，你自己也可以做很多事情。此处应填反身代词，故填yourself。 3．考查物主代词。句意：给你当地的环境保护中心写信，表明你对动物迅速灭绝的感受。空处修饰名词词组，应填形容词性物主代词，故填your。 4．考查不定代词。此处表示如果你看到有人在破坏食物链。这里If引导的条件状语从句为肯定句，一般情况下anyone用于否定句或疑问句，故填someone。 5．考查人称代词。此处位于stop后，作宾语，应用人称代词宾格，故填him。 C After the winter vacation, I had to move to a new city with my parents. On 1.  （I） first day to the new school, it was snowy. It seemed even colder since I was worrying about what might happen in the new school. It was early so there weren't many travelers on the road. Suddenly, a girl who was riding a bike in the snow fell down. She was trying hard to stand up but fell again. Without thinking twice, I went over to help her quickly. She said “Thank you” with a smile and then rode away. 2.  （she） smile warmed me a lot. When I got to the school, the teacher led me to the classroom. After a short introduction, he asked me to sit down beside a girl. I didn't pay attention to my new deskmate because I felt very nervous. Soon, the first class, English, started. Suddenly I found my books were different from 3.  （they）. What should I do? As I was wondering what to do, an English book was offered in front of me. “Let's share it，” the girl beside me said. “Hi, I'm Carrie.”To my surprise, I found that it was the girl I helped this morning. It's true that to help 4.  （other） is actually to help 5.  （we）! [答案]1．my2．Her3．theirs4．others5．ourselves [解析] 3．考查名词性物主代词。根据语境和提示词可知，设空处指代“他们的书”，应用名词性物主代词。故填theirs。 D 　　“Without the ball， 1.　　　　　(myself， my) life is incomplete，” Luis Figo， one of the world’s greatest football players， once said.  The Portuguese played his first international match at the age of 17. He reached a new mark by playing 2.　　　(his， him) hundredth match for his national team. A crowd of more than 30，000 fans watched and cheered for3.　　　　　(him，them). “Figo! Figo!” 4.　　　　　(all， both) shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.  The Real Madrid player wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win 5.　　　　　(another， other) Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Real Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona， and he showed 6.　　　　　(everyone， someone) what a great player he was by winning FIFA’s Footballer of the Year award in 2001.  “Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player，” said former FIFA president Joseph S.Blatter. Figo 7.　　　　　(himself， he) was a real leader 8.　　　　　(who， which) always tried his best on the field and a good team player. He didn’t have any problems working together with his teammate David Beckham. In fact， Figo was the first 9.　　　　　(one， that) to welcome Beckham when he arrived. “We have a strong team， and we can help each 10.　　　　　(other， another) and work together to be successful，” Figo said.  答案1.my　根据空后名词life可知，此空填形容词性物主代词my。 2.his　此空填his，指“他的第100次比赛”。 3.him　此处作介词的宾语，用宾格形式。故填him。 4.all　all指“(三者或三者以上)都”，both指“(两者)都”。根据上文more than 30，000 fans可知，此空填all。 5.another　此空填another，指“又一”。 6.everyone　此空填everyone，意为“向每个人展示他是一名多么棒的球员”。 7.himself　此空填反身代词himself作主语Figo的同位语，表示强调，指“Figo本人”。 8.who　此处引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词a real leader。定语从句中，如先行词指“人”，关系代词用who或that;如先行词指“物”，关系代词用which或that。此处指人，故填who。 9.one　one指代同类事物或同类人中的一个，此处与first连用，指“第一个球员”。 10.other　each other是固定结构，指“彼此，互相”。 二．中考试题训练 中考真题训练 1. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better. A. we B. us C. our 【答案】B 【解析】句意：用正确的方式使用AI工具可以帮助我们更好工作。考查代词辨析。we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们，形容词性物主代词。help为动词，后接宾格。故选B。 2. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________? A. mine B. hers C. his D. its 【答案】C 【解析】句意：马克刚刚打电话来说他把外套落下了。你知道这是否是他的吗？考查代词辨析。mine我的；hers她的；his他的；its它的。根据“Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind.”可知，此处指Mark，第三人称，且是男性。故选C。 3. （2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________? A. mine B. hers C. his D. its 【答案】C 【解析】句意：马克刚刚打电话来说他把外套落下了。你知道这是否是他的吗？考查代词辨析。mine我的；hers她的；his他的；its它的。根据“Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind.”可知，此处指Mark，第三人称，且是男性。故选C。 4. （2024·广西·统考中考真题）—Andy, who are the girls over there? —________ are my sisters, Lily and Lucy. A. They B. We C. You 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——安迪，那边的女孩们是谁？——她们是我的姐妹，莉莉和露西。考查代词辨析。They她们；We我们；You你们。根据“Andy, who are the girls over there?”可知，询问那边的女孩们是谁，答语应该说“她们是……”，故选A。 5. （2024·河北·统考中考真题）—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch? —No, ________ is pink. A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——玛丽，这是你姐姐的智能手表吗？——不，她的是粉色的。考查代词辨析。his他的；mine我的；hers她的；yours你的。此处指第三人称“我”的姐姐的手表是粉色的，应用物主代词hers。故选C。 6. （2024·黑龙江龙东地区·中考真题）Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese. A. a few B. a little C. little 【答案】B 【解析】句意：Tom已经在上海五年了，所以他可以说一些中文。考查代词辨析。a few一些，修饰可数名词复数；a little一些，修饰不可数名词；little很少，修饰不可数名词。Chinese表示“中文”，不可数名词，排除A，根据“Tom has been in Shanghai for five years”可知Tom在上海五年了，应该会一些中文，肯定意义的。故选B。 7. （2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—Hi, Linda. The bicycle is the newest style. Is it Mary’s? —Yes, it’s ________. She bought it last week. A. mine B. yours C. hers 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你好，琳达。这辆自行车是最新的款式。是玛丽的吗？——是的，是她的。她上周买的。考查代词辨析。mine我的；yours你的；hers她的。根据“Yes, it’s ... . She bought it last week.”可知，此处指是玛丽的，故选C。 8. （2024·湖北省武汉·中考真题）—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays. —Yeah, that’s because ________ can give people a big laugh. A. all B. none C. both D. neither 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——现在越来越多的青少年对祥生和小聘产生了兴趣。——是的，那是因为两者都能让人开怀大笑。考查代词辨析。all全都；none全都不；both两者都；neither都不。根据“Xiangsheng and Xiaopin”可知相声和小品都可以让人大笑，用both表示“两者都”。故选C。 9. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Dazhou last month? —Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents. A. anything special B. special anything C. something special 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——蒂娜，你上个月去达州的时候买了什么特别的东西吗？——当然。我给父母买了一些灯影牛肉。考查复合不定代词。anything任何事情，用于否定句或疑问句中；something某事，用于肯定句中。“did you buy…”是一般疑问句，应用anything。形容词修饰复合不定代词时应后置，即anything special。故选A。 10. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）—The best things in life are free. —Couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——生命中最美好的东西都是免费的。——完全同意。空气不花钱，但我们离不开它。 考查代词辨析。something某事物；nothing没有什么；anything任何事物；everything每件事物。根据“The best things in life are free.”和“Air costs ..., but we can’t live without it.”可知，空气不花钱，是免费的，故选B。 11. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning? —Yes, I think it works well. A. it B. that C. this D. its 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你认为阅读英语杂志对英语学习有用吗？——是的，我认为效果很好。考查it作形式宾语。it它；that那；this这；its它的。分析句子可知，此处应用it作形式宾语，动词不定式to read English magazines作真正的宾语。故选A。 12. （2024·四川雅安市·中考真题）—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________? —No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk. A. you B. yours C. your D. yourself 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——艾米，地上有本书。它是你的吗？——不，不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词辨析。you你，人称代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这本书是你的吗，故用名词性物主代词yours，指代your book。故选B。 13. （2024·甘肃省武威·中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________? A. mine B. hers C. his D. its 【答案】C 【解析】句意：马克刚刚打电话来说他把外套落下了。你知道这是否是他的吗？考查代词辨析。mine我的；hers她的；his他的；its它的。根据“Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind.”可知，此处指Mark，第三人称，且是男性。故选C。 14. （2024·四川雅安市·中考真题）—Tommy, is there____________ in the classroom now? —No. All the students are having a P. E. lesson on the playground. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——汤米，现在教室里有人吗？——没有。所有的学生都在操场上上体育课。 考查代词辨析。everybody所有人；somebody某人，一般用于肯定句中；anybody任何人，一般用于否定句或疑问句中；nobody没有人。此处是一般疑问句，询问教室里是否有人，应用anybody。故选C。 15. （2024·天津·中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. A. my; myself B. my; mine C. me; myself D. me; mine 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。考查代词辨析。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选A。 16. （2024·云南省·中考真题）—Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. —OK, I will. A. myself B. yourself C. herself D. himself 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——玛丽亚，你应该相信自己。这就是成功的秘诀。——好的，我会的。考查反身代词。myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。此处是对玛丽亚说，你应该相信你自己，故用反身代词yourself。故选B。 17. （2024·福建·统考中考真题）—________ is the biggest blue whale? —As I know, it weighs about 181, 000 kilos. A. How heavy B. How long C. How wide 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——最大的蓝鲸多重？——据我所知，它大约181000公斤重。考查特殊疑问句。How heavy多重；How long多长；How wide多宽。根据“it weighs about 181, 000 kilos.”可知此处是对重量提问。故选A。 18. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—________ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你学英语多久了？——7年。考查特殊疑问句。How old多大，询问年龄；How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How big多大。答语“For 7 years.”指一段时间，应用How long对其提问。故选B。 19. （2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—________ was the zipper invented? —In 1893. A. When B. How C. Why D. Where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——拉链是什么时候发明的？——1893年。考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；How怎样；Why为什么；Where哪里。根据答语“In 1893.”可知，此处询问时间，应用When提问。故选A。 20. （2024·甘肃省平凉市·中考真题）—________ have you been learning English? —For 7 years. A. How old B. How long C. How often D. How big 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你学英语多久了？——7年。考查特殊疑问句。How old多大，询问年龄；How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How big多大。答语“For 7 years.”指一段时间，应用How long对其提问。故选B。 中考模拟训练 A.单句填空 1．[2024娄底二模]She created a course that educated divers about the beauty of sharks and the need to protect them and ______（they） environment. [答案]their [解析]考查物主代词。句意：她开设了一门课程，教潜水员了解鲨鱼的美丽以及保护鲨鱼及其环境的必要性。此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰environment，故填their。 2．[2024长沙明德模拟]____（it） name is made up of two parts, namely “baduan” and “jin”. [答案]Its [解析]考查物主代词。句意：它的名字由两部分组成，即“八段”和“锦”。根据name可知，指的是“它的”名字。故填Its。 3．[2024湘西州一模改编]If we feel pleased with our bodies, we will be more likely to take care of ____（they）. [答案]them [解析]考查人称代词。句意：如果我们对自己的身体感到满意，我们将更有可能照顾他们。介词后的代词作宾语，要用宾格，故填them。 4．[2024长沙模拟]We are proud to call ____________（we） the “descendants（传人） of the dragon”. [答案]ourselves [解析]考查反身代词。句意：我们自豪地称自己为“龙的传人”。此处表示“我们自己”，故填ourselves。 5．[2024邵阳模拟]From the dining hall’s pizza to the coffee shops’ burgers, it was difficult for ____（she） to eat healthily every day. [答案]her [解析]考查人称代词。空处作介词的宾语，用代词宾格，故填her。 6．[2024张家界模拟]There are hardly any fish left, and the water ________（it） smells terrible. [答案]itself [解析]考查反身代词。句意：几乎没有鱼了，而且水本身闻起来很难闻。此处应填反身代词itself，表示“它自己”。故填itself。 7．[2024衡阳三模]In the first episode, for example, two actresses appeared and grew watermelons and cooked local food together by ____________（they）. [答案]themselves [解析]考查反身代词。by oneself“独自”，此空应填they的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 8．[2023怀化改编]My mother’s birthday is coming. I will buy a gift for ____（she）. [答案]her [解析]考查人称代词。for是介词，后接人称代词宾格，故填her。 9．[2023岳阳模拟改编]Believe in __________（you） and you can overcome your shyness. [答案]yourself [解析]考查反身代词。句意:相信你自己，你能克服你的害羞。believe in oneself 相信某人自己，结合句意可知答案为yourself。 10．[2023郴州模拟改编]—My best friend is more popular than me. I want to be like him. —It’s not necessary to be the same. You should just be__________（you）. [答案]yourself [解析]考查反身代词。句意:——我最好的朋友比我更受欢迎。我想像他一样。——没有必要成为一样的。你应该做你自己。根据“You should”可知主语是You,此处是指你应该做你自己,反身代词应用yourself。 11．[2023株洲模拟改编]Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought （we） closer together. [答案]us [解析]考查人称代词。句意:虽然暴风雨将许多东西分开，但它使我们更紧密地联系在一起。设空处作brought的宾语，应用人称代词宾格，故填us。 12．[2024杭州一模]The actress often writes stories that are always about family, love, and personal development by ________（she）. [答案]herself [解析]考查反身代词。by oneself为固定搭配，意为“某人自己”。故填herself。 13．[2023金华模拟]“My first taste of Hanfu was the Tang style. __ is fun to wear Hanfu,” said the young man. [答案]It [解析]考查it的用法。固定搭配“it is+adj.+to do sth.”表示“做某事是怎么样的”,此处it作形式主语。注意句首单词首字母大写，故填It。 14．[2023丽水模拟]Grandma Kate told （I）, “Don't throw away the stems, because if you put them in the ground, they will grow back.” [答案]me [解析]考查人称代词宾格。空处是谓语动词told的宾语,所以要用宾格,故填me。 15.[2021台州模拟]Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls （he） action the Race to Kindness. [答案]his [解析]考查形容词性物主代词。空后有名词action,应用形容词性物主代词,故填his。 B.不定代词填空 1．[2024衡阳一模]One girl said one of her friends had said ____________ that hurt her feelings and she was really sad about it. She didn’t know how to deal with it. [答案]something [解析]句意：一个女孩说她的一个朋友说了一些伤害她感情的话，她真的很伤心。她不知道如何处理。由语境可知此处用something指某事物。 2．[2024湖北武汉改编]—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays. —Yeah, that’s because ____ can give people a big laugh. [答案]both [解析]句意：——现在越来越多的青少年对相声和小品感兴趣。——是的，那是因为两者都能让人开怀大笑。此处指相声和小品都可以让人大笑，用both表示“两者都”。故填both。 3．[2023邵阳改编]—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom? —Oh, one is under the bed, ____________ is behind the door. [答案]the other [解析]句意:——我找不到我的鞋了。妈妈，它们在哪里？——哦，一只在床底下，另一只在门后。根据空前的one可知为one...the other...“一个……另一个……”。故填the other。 4．[2023郴州模拟]—Who went to Changsha with your sister? —________. She went there alone. [答案]Nobody [解析]根据后面的“She went there alone.”可知，没有人和妹妹一起去。设空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Nobody。 5．[2023张家界模拟]He just filled two pots with water and put them on the fire to boil them. Then, he put potatoes into one pot and ground coffee beans（研磨过的咖啡豆） into ____________. [答案]the other [解析]句意:他只是在两个锅里装满水，然后把它们放在火上煮沸。然后，他把土豆放进一个锅里，把研磨过的咖啡豆放到另一个锅里。the other（两者中的） 另一个。故填the other。 6．[2020郴州改编]—Don’t play games any more. There’s ________ useful for you. —OK, Mom. [答案]nothing [解析]根据前句可知，这里表示玩游戏没有帮助。故填nothing。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$