高一英语开学摸底考（外研版2019）-2024-2025学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷

2025届高一下学期开学摸底考试卷（外研版专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will Lily do? A．Have a pudding. B．Go shopping. C．Do her homework. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Lily, would you like to join me in having a pudding in this new Cafeteria at market street? W: I would really love to go there with you, but I need to go home to catch up on my homework. 2．Why didn’t the man answer the phone? A．He lost it. B．He didn’t hear it. C．His phone ran out of power. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Do you have any idea what time it is now? Have you ever heard your phone? M: I’m sorry, but my phone ran out of power. I got back here as fast as I could because I knew you’d be worried. 3．How did the woman feel about the technology competition? A．It was easy. B．It was boring. C．It was interesting. 【答案】C 【原文】M: How did you do in that technology competition, Jane? W: Well, it wasn’t my first time competing against others, and it was fun being under pressure to come up with things within a strict time limit. 4．Where can the woman get the bus information? A．From the apartment. B．From the bus stop. C．From the local library. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Hello, I was hoping you could give me more information about your apartment. M: I can try to help you. What would you like to know? W: Do you know anything about the buses that stop there? M: I don’t know, but I’m pretty sure you can find out that stuff in the local library. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．How to make a paper plane.B．How to recycle rubbish. C．How to book a flight. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Whenever I make a paper plane it never flies very well. I’ve done it three times now and they’ve all been rubbish. M: You need to give the wings a double fold like this. W: Okay, I’ll try. I’ve only been folding it once. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Buying a present. B．Attending a concert. C．Planning a birthday party. 7．What will the speakers do later? A．See a movie. B．Read a novel. C．Meet up with Jane. 【答案】6．A 7．C 【原文】W: I have been trying hard to choose a gift for Kate for her birthday. M: That’s been hard for me, too. W: Would you like to go in with me and choose something together? M: Yes, two heads are better than one. So, what does Kate like doing? That might help us choose something. W: She seems to enjoy listening to music, reading novels and going to the movies. M: Maybe we could get her a concert ticket. What do you think? W: That’s a good idea. But we don’t know what concert she likes. M: Jane can help us. She knows Kate very well. W: You’re right. Let’s see Jane this afternoon after class. M: Okay. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Schoolmates. B．Colleagues. C．Roommates. 9．What does Frank plan to do right after graduation? A．Work as a programmer. B．Travel around the world. C．Start his own business. 【答案】8．A 9．A 【原文】M: Hi, sue. How’s it going? W: Oh, hi, Frank. Just fine. How are your classes? M: Pretty good. I’m glad this is my last term here, though. W: Why is that? I thought you were enjoying school. M: I was. But now I’m getting tired of it. I’m ready for the real world. W: What are you planning to do when you graduate? M: First, I want to get a job as a computer programmer, and then after five years or so, I’d like to start my own business. W: Sounds good. I still have three terms to go until I’m done. M: You’ll make it for sure. Well, see you later. W: Bye. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the man’s plan for Saturday evening? A．To go shopping. B．To attend a concert. C．To walk by a lake. 11．Where will the man stay during the weekend trip? A．At his uncle’s. B．In a country cottage. C．In a five-star hotel. 12．What will the woman do this weekend? A．Read some novels. B．Go boating. C．Visit her parents. 【答案】10．A 11．B 12．A 【原文】M: Mary, we’re going to West Lake this weekend. W: Again? M: Yes, three of us this time. We’re going boating on Saturday morning. In the afternoon I’ll visit my uncle near by and in the evening we’ll do some shopping. There’s an amazing night market near the lake. On Sunday, we’ll go to a concert. W: Where are you staying? The five star hotel we booked last time was really expensive. M: Yes, but my uncle told me there is a small but comfortable country cottage to the east of the lake. We’ll stay there. W: Sounds good. M: What are you going to do, Mary? W: Just sit on the sofa and read the novels I bought yesterday. My parents have gone back to our home town and it will be my private time this weekend. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Schoolmates. B．Relatives. C．Colleagues. 14．What can visitors do in Looking Back? A．Learn about Greek culture. B．Watch some recordings. C．Create building models. 15．Which exhibition will the speakers attend? A．Transport. B．Fun Science. C．Glass Place. 16．When will the speakers probably meet on Sunday? A．At around 12:00. B．At around 1:30 pm. C．At around 3:00 pm. 【答案】13．A 14．B 15．B 16．A 【原文】M: Lisa, have you got a minute? We need to talk about which venue we’re going to choose for this Sunday’s after school activity. W: Sure, the museum I went to last Wednesday with my tutor was pretty interesting. It had several exhibitions on transport from ancient Greece. We can go there. M: Well, it’s boring to visit one place two times. I’d like to recommend Looking back. There’s an exhibition that explores the history of the past 300 years. It has special recordings of local people who told their stories. My elder brother visited it once and spoke highly of it. W: Looking back, isn’t it on south main street? I think I’ve been there before. M: Okay, how about fun science? We can try the rocket models or watch 3D films about different planets there or we can go and experience the process of glass. W: Making in a glass place, making glass. I’ve never seen demonstrations like that. When will that be? M: One thirty PM on sunday? Fifth floor of the city museum? W: In that case, we can have lunch togeter and go to the museum afterward. M: Great. I’ll see you at noon then. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．How many levels of courses does the program offer? A．Seven. B．Eight. C．Twelve. 18．What is the strength of the program? A．It can meet personal needs. B．It provides courses on US culture. C．It is available throughout the year. 19．What can students get if they perform well in an end-of-session test? A．A course for free. B．A promotion to a higher level. C．A chance to work part-time. 20．What does the Language Center Bonus Project provide? A．Field trips. B．Social activities. C．Extra practice hours. 【答案】17．B 18．A 19．B 20．C 【原文】W: Good morning. Welcome to the language center of our university. We aim at helping people improve their language ability in several languages. Now I’ll focus on one of our programmes, the English training programme, which I think you might be interested in. The program offers year round English courses in eight levels. It offers courses for students, scholars and professionals. Participants can prepare for study at an American university and improve their language skills and knowledge of American culture. The strength to the program is its ability to offer courses to meet any students specific needs and goals. Most students in this program study full time, which consists of twenty hours a week. On the first day of the program.You take a test to determine your level. At the end of each seven week session, your language skills are evaluated. And if you made enough progress, you are promoted to the next level. In addition, you can enter the Language Center Bonus Project, which will allow you to have extra English hours with a native speaker. For more practice chances, there are also several social activities and field trips organized by the student center. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination. A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson How did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a long read. Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe How do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience. Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake What does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language. Deep Time by Riley Black Want to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺). 21．Which book is organized in the format of question and answer? A．A Short History of Nearly Everything. B．Thing Explainer. C．Ask an Astronaut. D．Deep Time. 22．What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer? A．It is rather too long. B．It is written in plain language. C．It lacks technical terms. D．It fails to include clear images. 23．What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common? A．They combine science and history. B．They feature vivid illustrations. C．They introduce astronauts’ daily life. D．They entertain readers of all ages. 【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。 21．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language.(它的问答格式可以很容易地快速找到答案，但由于缺乏描述性语言，它可能变得不那么吸引人)”可知，Ask an Astronaut是以问答的形式组织的。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.(然而，额外提供更多的技术术语可能会增强理解和学习经验)”可知，Thing Explainer的缺点是缺乏专业术语。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据第二段“Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions.(这本书结合了历史和科学，为这些问题提供了一个全面而有趣的答案)”以及最后一段“The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology.(这些引人入胜的高质量图像由易于理解的关键历史时刻的解释支持。它还扩展了地质学、天文学和生物学中的关键概念)”可知，《万物简史》和《深时间》的共同之处在于都结合了科学和历史。故选A。 B Without the help of a special woman, Jim Ripley wouldn’t be what he is today. Jim and his brother, Alex, were placed into disparate adoptive homes at a young age. Because of their parents’ drug addiction, Alex was placed with the Ripley family while Jim went to live in four separate homes over the course of three years, suffering abuse (虐待) along the way. Jim and Alex only saw each other every few months, but during their visits, Mrs. Ripley grew to care for Jim, too. “Mrs. Ripley would take us for lunch at McDonald’s as Alex always liked the food, and that’s when she first noticed the scars all over my body,” Jim wrote. “She immediately made arrangements for me to join their family.” Unfortunately, Mr. Ripley passed away from cancer shortly after Jim joined the family. But even in the face of hardship, Mrs. Ripley never once considered parting with Alex or Jim. “Nobody would have blamed her for taking us back. But instead she took us to court and made it permanent,” Jim continued. “She must have been super stressed, but that’s not at all what I remember. I just remember the words that she gave me. They are always: ‘You’re smart.’ And ‘You’re handsome.’ And ‘You survived all bad things because you’re strong.’ There are very few forces as powerful as a mother’s love.” Jim joined the Marines ( 海军陆战队) and graduated from law school! Now, as a father himself, he couldn’t be more grateful to Mrs. Ripley for making his life worth living and giving him a future to look forward to. 24．What does the underlined word “disparate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Wealthy. B．Faraway. C．Different. D．Large. 25．What made Mrs. Ripley decide to adopt Jim? A．The abuse he suffered. B．Alex’s sincere request. C．The blame from others. D．The death of her husband. 26．Which word best describes Mrs. Ripley as an adoptive mother? A．Serious. B．Ambitious. C．Encouraging. D．Creative. 27．What can we learn from Jim’s story? A．Man must be strong. B．Hard work pays off. C．Kindness makes a man wiser. D．Where there is love, there is hope. 【答案】24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。吉姆·雷普利和弟弟被雷普利女士收养，在雷普利女士的爱和鼓励下，吉姆有了自己的事业和家庭，成长为了很好的人，这个故事告诉我们有爱就有希望。 24．词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Because of their parents’ drug addiction, Alex was placed with the Ripley family while Jim went to live in four separate homes over the course of three years, suffering abuse (虐待) along the way.(由于他们的父母吸毒成瘾，亚历克斯被安置在雷普利一家，而吉姆在三年的时间里住在四个不同的家庭，一直遭受着虐待)”可知，此处是指亚历克斯和吉姆小时候住在不同的收养家庭里，所以disparate意为“不同的”。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“Mrs. Ripley would take us for lunch at McDonald’s as Alex always liked the food, and that’s when she first noticed the scars all over my body(雷普利太太会带我们去麦当劳吃午饭，因为亚历克斯总是喜欢那里的食物，就在那时，她第一次注意到我身上的伤疤)”和第二句“She immediately made arrangements for me to join their family.(她立即安排我加入他们的家庭)”可知，让雷普利太太决定收养吉姆的是他遭受的虐待。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“I just remember the words that she gave me. They are always: ‘You’re smart.’ And ‘You’re handsome.’ And ‘You survived all bad things because you’re strong.’ There are very few forces as powerful as a mother’s love.(我只记得她对我说的话。它们总是：‘你很聪明。’和‘你很帅。’以及‘你能挺过所有糟糕的事情，因为你很坚强。’没有什么力量能像母爱一样强大)”可知，“鼓舞人心的”这个词最能形容雷普利夫人的养母身份。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Now, as a father himself, he couldn’t be more grateful to Mrs. Ripley for making his life worth living and giving him a future to look forward to.(现在，作为一名父亲，他非常感谢雷普利夫人，是她让他的生命有了价值，让他有了一个值得期待的未来)”并结合整个故事可知，从吉姆的故事中我们可以了解到有爱就有希望。故选D。 C Processed foods like chips, sodas and frozen pizzas are full of salt, sugar, and fat. Now, scientists are trying to understand if there is something else about such foods that may be bad for humans. The researchers created a system that places foods into four groups. The system says highly processed foods are made mostly of industrialized materials and additives (添加剂). Sodas, packaged cookies, instant noodles and chicken nuggets (鸡肉块) are some examples of highly processed foods. But also included are products that can seem healthy, such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt. Researchers conducted a four-week study involving 20 people. They found that people ate about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed foods. That is compared to when the same people were given less processed foods. The researchers permitted the 20 participants to eat as much or as little as they wanted. They were taken to a medical center so their health and behavior could be observed. In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed foods were more likely to have heart disease. A similar study in Spain linked eating more processed foods to a higher risk of death in general. The scientists also found that people ate processed foods more quickly. Kevin Hall is one of the researchers who led the study. He said that processed foods were usually soft er and easier to chew and swallow. Hall noted the source of nutrients might make a difference. For example, fiber from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than fiber added to packaged foods such as energy bars and yogurt. Avoiding processed foods can be hard, especially for people with limited time and money. Processed foods can also take many forms. In addition, companies continually re-engineer products to make them seem healthier. The newest studies may provide more reasons to avoid processed foods. But, they also call attention to the difficulty of coming up with ways to do that. 28．What kind of food do energy bars belong to? A．Highly processed foods. B．Especially beneficial food C．Relatively high-cost foods. D．Fairly health-friendly foods. 29．What can we know about eating more processed foods in Paragraph 3? A．It can often result in death. B．It makes people get less calories. C．It does harm to people potentially. D．It makes little difference to people’s health. 30．What is more likely to make people feel full? A．Fiber added to packaged foods. B．Fiber from fruit and vegetables. C．Highly processed foods like instant noodles. D．Foods made mostly of industrial materials and additives. 31．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Researches discover more harm of processed foods. B．Processed foods include a wide range of products. C．People are more likely to eat processed foods. D．Processed foods lead to a higher risk of death 【答案】28．A 29．C 30．B 31．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了加工食品对人体健康的潜在危害。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But also included are products that can seem healthy, such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt.(但还包括一些看似健康的产品，如早餐谷物、能量棒和一些种类的酸奶。)”可知，能量棒属于高度加工食品。故选A项。 29．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed foods were more likely to have heart disease. A similar study in Spain linked eating more processed foods to a higher risk of death in general.(在另一项研究中，法国的研究人员发现，吃更多加工食品的人更有可能患心脏病。西班牙的一项类似研究将食用更多加工食品与总体死亡风险较高联系起来。)”可知，吃更多加工食品可能会对人体造成潜在危害。故选C项。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Hall noted the source of nutrients might make a difference. For example, fiber from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than fiber added to packaged foods such as energy bars and yogurt.(霍尔指出，营养素的来源可能会有所不同。例如，水果和蔬菜中的纤维可能比添加到包装食品（如能量棒和酸奶）中的纤维更能让人感到饱腹。)”可知，来自水果和蔬菜的纤维更有可能让人感到饱腹。故选B项。 31．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Processed foods like chips, sodas and frozen pizzas are full of salt, sugar, and fat. Now, scientists are trying to understand if there is something else about such foods that may be bad for humans.(像薯片、汽水和冷冻披萨这样的加工食品含有大量的盐、糖和脂肪。现在，科学家们正试图了解这类食物是否还有其他对人类有害的东西。)”可知，这篇文章的主要内容是研究发现加工食品对人体的更多危害。故选A项。 D Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition (认知)? What about our body? Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain? Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure. If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs—they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved. Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions. Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study. subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer. For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages. Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it? If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. 32．According to the author, what is the significance of EC? A．It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition. B．It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain. C．It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition. D．It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology. 33．Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from? A．Their personal looks. B．Their mental needs. C．Their inner emotions. D．Their physical feelings. 34．What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5? A．Human speech is alive with metaphors. B．Human senses have effects on thinking. C．Human language is shaped by visual images. D．Human emotions are often compared to natural materials. 35．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC． B．To encourage the reader to put EC into practice. C．To guide the reader onto the path to career success. D．To share with the reader ways to release their emotions. 【答案】32．A 33．D 34．B 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了心理学家的一项“EC”理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确地说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。 32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. (EC理论认为我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。)”可推知，“EC”理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。 33．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs—they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. (想想新生儿如何用他们的感官来理解周围的世界。他们没有情感，更多的是需要——他们不感到悲伤，他们只是饿了，需要食物。)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据第五段“For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. (为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的隐喻。)”和第四段“Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. (进一步的研究支持了身心相互作用。)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段“EC”的观点“Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions. (年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而“EC”理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应。)”所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it? (既然你已经有了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢？)”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. (如果你度过了糟糕的一天，一杯热茶会给你带来一丝快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做任何人际决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段作者的目的是鼓励读者把“EC”理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As we know, mental health is in a worse situation among young people globally. 36 This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth. To get at the root causes of this decline, a group of scientists conducted a study and found the combination of high screen time and low “green time” greatly affects mental well-being. Children nowadays spend more time than ever in front of electronic devices. The average daily screen time for 8-to-18-year-olds was 7.5 hours in the U. S. ten years ago. As the study states, “This greatly goes above guidelines of 2 hours per day.” Now the condition is worse by the fact that so many schools are using technology to teach classes. Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently. 37 In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities. The study authors suggest that green time could act as a cure for screen time, essentially balancing its negative effects. 38 The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful. 39 The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention (干预) for children and teenagers in a high-tech era. This knowledge could be a guide to public health departments that are struggling to restore happiness and cheer in countless anxious teenagers. 40 A．Teenagers urgently need more green time. B．Screen-based technology makes kids less attentive. C．The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing. D．There are many more ways, nevertheless , in which it is harmful. E．It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental. F．Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness. G．This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource. 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．F 39．G 40．E 【分析】本文为一篇说明文。由于电子设备的高频使用，全球年轻人精神方面的问题出现了大幅度的增加。一项研究表明，通过亲近大自然获得绿色时间能够有效帮助青少年重塑心理健康。 36．空处前一句表示全球年轻人的精神健康处于一种更差的情形中，结合后一句“This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth（这不仅会降低生活质量，而且会对青少年的成长产生负面影响）.”推测，空处应该描写具体的精神健康差的表现，C选项“The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing（抑郁和焦虑的频度正在上升）.”符合此处语境。故选C项。 37．空处前一句“Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently（事实上，一些屏幕时间可以促进连接，使任务更有效地完成）. ”陈述运用电子设备教学的优点；空前后一句“In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities（除了神经刺激之外，过多的屏幕时间还取代了对心理健康的重要保护行为，如体育活动、充足的睡眠和学术活动）.”推测，空处语句进行转折连接，D选项“There are many more ways, nevertheless, in which it is harmful（然而，它还有许多有害的方面）”表示转折，引起下文。故选D项。 38．空处前一句讲述了“green time（绿色时间）”对于治疗屏幕时间的负面影响起到重要作用，空后一句“The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful（当注意力系统疲惫不堪时，它们可以在自然环境中恢复，因为它们在自然环境中使用不自觉的注意力，这并不累人，也不费力）.”表达注意力可以在自然环境中得到恢复；F选项“Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness（持续关注屏幕会引起定向注意力疲劳）.”中的“attention”与下一句的“attention”对应。故选F项。 39．空处为本段的总起句，后一句“The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention for children and teenagers in a high-tech era（在高科技时代，大自然有可能成为儿童和青少年心理健康促进干预的潜在功能）.”描述了大自然在治愈心理健康方面的积极作用；G选项“This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource（这项研究强调，自然目前可能是一种潜在的公共卫生资源）.”中的“potential”与下一句中的“potentially”对应，且句首“This study”与上一段句首“The study”对应。故选G项。 40．空处前一句描述公共卫生部门正在利用该知识重建青少年的心理健康，E选项“It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental（报告指出，修建公园等更多的户外项目可能是基础）.”为具体的措施，作为补充，符合此处语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My grandpa Joe is 85 and has been faithfully married to my grandma for 60 years. But now his memory is 41 and he’s really starting to slow down. Yesterday, he asked me to take him to the 42 because he wanted to get out of the house. I was 43 that he asked me to do so because he shouldn’t be driving by himself. It would also 44 grandma to have the 45 to herself for a while, not having to worry about grandpa for a few hours. I watched him, walking stick in hand, taking the tiniest 46 all around, searching through the shelves. I had no idea what he was 47 ; but, as I observed each item he put in the cart, I noticed a(n) 48 . They were some of my grandma’s 49 things. He got the type of soda she liked. He 50 picked out a bag of seedless grapes she had talked about several days ago. He even 51 her a small lemon pie! And then, 52 filled my eyes as I watched him walking slowly to the fresh 53 and pick her the bunch of flowers that had the most purple, her favorite color. On our way home, he 54 we stop and grab a sandwich to take home for grandma’s lunch. May we all take a lesson from Papa Joe: Never stop 55 for our loved ones. 41．A．changing B．failing C．improving D．replacing 42．A．bakery B．park C．supermarket D．restaurant 43．A．grateful B．thrilled C．honored D．annoyed 44．A．require B．inspire C．benefit D．remind 45．A．destination B．gallery C．neighborhood D．house 46．A．aspects B．steps C．tools D．orders 47．A．through B．over C．past D．after 48．A．theme B．plot C．route D．shelf 49．A．explosive B．favorite C．specific D．valuable 50．A．quickly B．randomly C．cruelly D．carefully 51．A．bought B．baked C．ordered D．wrapped 52．A．doubts B．tears C．surprises D．joys 53．A．vegetables B．bread C．flowers D．pudding 54．A．insisted B．declared C．admitted D．desired 55．A．standing B．answering C．fighting D．caring 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．B 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．D 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带着记忆力不好的祖父去超市，却发现祖父在超市里选的都是祖母爱吃的东西，祖父的行为教会了作者：永远不要停止关心我们所爱的人。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在他的记忆力开始衰退，他真的开始慢下来了。A. changing改变；B. failing失败；C. improving改善；D. replacing取代。根据后文“he’s really starting to slow down”可知，祖父的记忆力变差了，不得不慢下来。故选B。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：昨天，他让我带他去超市，因为他想离开家。A. bakery面包房；B. park公园；C. supermarket超市；D. restaurant餐厅。根据后文“I observed each item he put in the cart”可知，作者带祖父去了超市。故选C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激他的提问，因为他不应该自己开车。A. grateful感激的；B. thrilled激动的；C. honored光荣的；D. annoyed生气的。根据后文“because he shouldn’t be driving by himself”可知，祖父不能开车，作者感激他问了自己，避免了发生危险。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：祖母一个人在家里呆上一段时间也会有好处，因为她有几个小时不用担心爷爷。A. require要求；B. inspire鼓舞；C. benefit有益处；D. remind提醒。根据后文“not having to worry about grandpa for a few hours”可知，祖父外出对祖母也有好处，因为她不必担心他了。故选C。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：祖母一个人在家里呆上一段时间也会有好处，因为她有几个小时不用担心爷爷。A. destination目的地；B. gallery画廊；C. neighborhood邻居；D. house房子。根据上文“he wanted to get out of the house”可知，祖父和作者外出了，祖母可以一个人在家待会儿。故选D。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着他，手里拿着拐杖，蹑手蹑脚地在货架上搜寻。A. aspects方面；B. steps步子；C. tools工具；D. orders订单。根据上文“I watched him, cane in hand, taking the tiniest”可知，祖父拿着拐杖，说明祖父腿脚不方便，蹑手蹑脚地。故选B。 47．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他在找什么；但是，当我观察他放进购物车的每一件东西时，我注意到一个引人注目的特点。A. through通过；B. over越过；C. past在……之后；D. after寻找。呼应上文“searching through the shelves”，此处指祖父在寻找东西，故选D。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他在找什么；但是，当我观察他放进购物车的每一件东西时，我注意到一个引人注目的主题。A. theme主题；B. plot情节；C. route路线；D. shelf架子。后文提到祖父拿的东西都是祖母爱吃的，所以是注意到了这些东西的一个共同主题，用theme。故选A。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是我祖母最喜欢的东西。A. explosive易爆的；B. favorite最喜欢的；C. specific特定的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“He got the type of soda she liked.(他买了她喜欢的汽水)”可知，祖父拿的都是祖母最喜欢的东西。故选B。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他仔细地挑出她几天前说过的一袋无籽葡萄。A. quickly快速地；B. randomly随机地；C. cruelly残酷地；D. carefully仔细地。祖父在给祖母买她喜欢吃的东西，所以是仔细挑选。故选D。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至给她买了一个小柠檬派！A. bought买；B. baked烘焙；C. ordered命令；D. wrapped包裹。根据后文“her a small lemon pie”可知，祖父为祖母买了一个柠檬派。故选A。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我热泪盈眶，看着他一瘸一拐地走到鲜花前，为她摘了一束最紫的花，那是她最喜欢的颜色。A. doubts怀疑；B. tears眼泪；C. surprises惊喜；D. joys快乐。根据后文“filled my eyes”可知，此处指作者为祖父的行为感动，热泪盈眶。故选B。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我热泪盈眶，看着他一瘸一拐地走到鲜花前，为她摘了一束最紫的花，那是她最喜欢的颜色。A. vegetables蔬菜；B. bread面包；C. flowers花卉；D. pudding布丁。根据后文“pick her the bouquet that had the most purple”可知，祖父为祖母挑选了鲜花。故选C。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，他坚持要我们停下来买个三明治带回家给奶奶做午餐。A. insisted坚持；B. declared宣布；C. admitted承认；D. desired渴望。根据后文“we stop and grab a sandwich to take home for grandma’s lunch”可知，在回家的路上，祖父坚持停下来买个三明治带回家给奶奶做午餐。故选A。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：永远不要停止关心我们所爱的人。A. standing站立；B. answering回答；C. fighting战斗；D. caring关心。根据后文“for our loved ones”再结合上文祖父的行为可知，永远不要停止关心我们所爱的人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 According to Xinhua News Agency, the Palace Museum and Huawei signed a cooperation agreement on March 15. The two sides will set an example to 5G use . The Palace Museum received more than 17 million visitors in 2019, 56 (make) it the most visited museum in the world. In the past 20 years, an office information network covering the whole museum 57 (build) gradually. The museum has developed an App 58 provides an in-depth explanation of cultural relic information and cultural services. Also, the museum has researched on the 59 (apply) of VR, AR, AI in museums. 60 signing of the agreement marks a new chapter in the strategic cooperation between the Palace Museum and Huawei Technologies Co. So, Huawei will make efforts 61 (speed) up the intelligent construction of the Palace Museum. "The 600-year-old Palace Museum has never been so close 62 science and technology." Shan Jixiang said 63 (proud) ,former director of the Palace Museum. Shan shared many ideas about the 5G Palace Museum. With the help of advanced technology, 64 is expected that in the future, audiences around the world will be able to experience and visit the Palace Museum, whether it is a field trip or a virtual tour. Also, the use of AI technology provides a 65 (broad) platform and stronger knowledge support for cultural relics among young people. 【答案】 56．making 57．has been built 58．that/which 59．application 60．The 61．to speed 62．to 63．proudly 64．it 65．broader 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了故宫博物院和华为签署的5G应用的战略合作协议和签署该协议的意义。 56．考查非谓语动词。句意：2019年，故宫博物院接待游客超过1700万人次，成为世界上参观人数最多的博物馆。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词为received，故此处为非谓语，表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。 57．考查时态语态。句意：近20年来，一个覆盖整个博物馆的办公信息网络逐步建成。空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In the past 20 years”和副词gradually可知，build这一动作从过去持续到现在，所以用现在完成时，且主语an office information network和build之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填has been built。 58．考查定语从句。句意：博物馆开发了一款深入讲解文物信息和文化服务的App。分析可知，空后为定语从句，修饰先行词APP，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以由that或which引导。故填that或which。 59．考查名词。句意：博物馆还研究了VR、AR、AI在博物馆中的应用。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处填名词作宾语，表示抽象意义，不可数，故填application。 60．考查冠词。句意：该协议的签署标志着故宫博物院与华为技术有限公司战略合作的新篇章。此处的“签订”特指故宫博物院与华为的协议签署，所以用定冠词，句首字母需大写。故填The。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，华为将努力加快故宫博物院的智能化建设。make efforts to do为固定短语，表示“努力做某事”，故填to speed。 62．考查介词。句意：故宫博物院前院长单霁翔自豪地说：“拥有600年历史的故宫从未如此接近科学和技术。”be lose to为固定短语，表示“接近”，此处to为介词。故填to。 63．考查副词。句意：故宫博物院前院长单霁翔自豪地说：“拥有600年历史的故宫从未如此接近科学和技术。”修饰动词said要用副词。故填proudly。 64．考查形式主语。句意：在先进技术的帮助下，预计未来，世界各地的观众将能够体验和参观故宫博物院，无论是实地考察还是虚拟游览。分析句子结构可知，此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。故填it。 65．考查形容词的比较级。句意：此外，人工智能技术的使用在年轻人中为文物提供了更广阔的平台和更强大的知识支持。根据下文“and stronger knowledge”可知，此处与stronger并列，用形容词比较级。故填broader。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华。为了鼓励学生们养成良好的阅读习惯，学校成立了阅读社团, 正在招募新成员。请给正在你校学习的交换生 David 写一封信，邀请他加入。要点如下： 1. 社团简介及活动； 2. 加入社团的好处。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear David, I’m writing to tell you that our school’s reading club is looking for new members. I sincerely invite you to join it. The club aimed at encouraging students to form good reading habits. It started last month. Every Wednesday afternoon, there’s a reading activity, where we can read well-known books for an hour. After that, some members will recommend books. Frankly speaking, these activities have helped improve our reading ability and broaden our horizons over the month. Besides, if you join us, you can improve your Chinese and make new friends here. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生David写一封邀请信，邀请他加入学校的阅读社团。 【详解】1.词汇积累 活动：activity→event 此外：Besides → What’s more 出名的：well-known→famous 坦白地说；老实说：Frankly speaking→Honesty speaking 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The club aimed at encouraging students to form good reading habits. It started last month. 拓展句：The club, which started last month, aimed at encouraging students to form good reading habits. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to tell you that our school’s reading club is looking for new members.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Every Wednesday afternoon, there’s a reading activity, where we can read well-known books for an hour. （运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型3】Besides, if you join us, you can improve your Chinese and make new friends here.（运用了if引导的状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Winter break was approaching, and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately, Scott's parents had different plans. They had booked a weeklong tropical cruise (热带船游). Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend's house so he could snowboard every day at the local mountain. His parents didn't want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was tradition that they spend winter break together. The week of the cruise arrived, and Scott continued to mumble (咕哝) his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Scott's dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn't change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Scott still couldn't stop thinking about all of the snow he was leaving behind. When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat like snowboarding. After all, it involved riding a board. Scott climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn't believe how fancy the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship's deck (甲板) had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Scott saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn't a big pool, but it had big waves, and the young man who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. They said, "Of course. And much to Scott's surprise, they wanted to try surfing too. When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on, Scott's dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out.Then it was his mom's turn.She actually made it longer than his dad did. When it was Scott's turn, he was excited but a little bit nervous. He hopped on the board and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride, Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out.He was crazy about it though. Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise. He got to know the people who often surfed there quite well. By the time the weeklong cruise was over, Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch. Scott is the brave and lucky one since only eight percent of the experiencer or so really fell in love with it among a lot of the passengers who tried surfing the first day of the cruise. With a new hobby, and great memories, he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever. 【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者斯科特和父母像往常一样在寒假出去度假。但他想要滑雪，但父母却订了为期一周的热带船游。斯科特无奈妥协，但最终在体验的过程中爱上了这项新运动并结交了很多新朋友，度过了最开心的假期。 【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“斯科特问他的父母他是否可以尝试冲浪。”可知，第一段描述了斯科特和父母一起尝试冲浪的体验过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“渐渐地，斯科特开始喜欢上了这次航行”可知，第二段可描写作者改变了自己的态度，从冲浪中获得了快乐且有了很多收获。 2.续写线索： 询问是否可以尝试——穿上装备做好准备——父母和斯科特的第一次体验——逐渐体验到快乐——慢慢爱上运动，并收获颇多——跟父母道歉并承认是最开心的一次旅行 3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达） 行为类 ①尝试做某事：try doing sth/make attempts to do sth/attempt to do sth ②保持联系：keep in touch/stay in touch/keep contact ③被淘汰：wipe out /be knocked out 情绪类 ①令某人吃惊：to one's surprise/surprise sb/to one's astonishment ②紧张：nervous/tense/strained 【点睛】[高分句型1] When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on, Scott's dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out.(由连接词when和before引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] With a new hobby, and great memories, he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever.(运用with复合结构表伴随) 1 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null2025届高一下学期开学摸底考(外研版专用) 在日的现内,站出的达 英语·答题卡 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(分15分) 缺考 务 l记 Dear Daxi 准证号 二 1. 答路,考生先将当已的胜名、准考证号码填写是。, 真轮考所贴贴的码 1。 房色字的答字笔填系,字体工整 2. 选到填:选达用5 11 3.请败字在的笔区内作等,出答题区填 4.保洁.不要折,不要、,不挠 的答室无效,在,皆上作答无效 .刀。 5.正 选择题(请用2B铅笔填涂) 1 ta1In11ct $ AlC] 1 1111Ci 16131n11C] ,1AlI8tC] n 1A11C! 17 1AI1ICi 11A1].C Yourt 1 ta11nlct . 1A1IC] 1.1AH11C1 1 11I ,1A1I-IC1 4 1a1ic 1A1181(C) 19 1A1111 1tH 15 A11"11CI 5A11110 10 1A1111] n :1lI) 2 11B101ID1 21 D[C1D] a1 A1IBICID1 27. 1A11]111D 27 111811C11D1 37. 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A．Have a pudding. B．Go shopping. C．Do her homework. 2．Why didn’t the man answer the phone? A．He lost it. B．He didn’t hear it. C．His phone ran out of power. 3．How did the woman feel about the technology competition? A．It was easy. B．It was boring. C．It was interesting. 4．Where can the woman get the bus information? A．From the apartment. B．From the bus stop. C．From the local library. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．How to make a paper plane.B．How to recycle rubbish. C．How to book a flight. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Buying a present. B．Attending a concert. C．Planning a birthday party. 7．What will the speakers do later? A．See a movie. B．Read a novel. C．Meet up with Jane. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Schoolmates. B．Colleagues. C．Roommates. 9．What does Frank plan to do right after graduation? A．Work as a programmer. B．Travel around the world. C．Start his own business. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．What is the man’s plan for Saturday evening? A．To go shopping. B．To attend a concert. C．To walk by a lake. 11．Where will the man stay during the weekend trip? A．At his uncle’s. B．In a country cottage. C．In a five-star hotel. 12．What will the woman do this weekend? A．Read some novels. B．Go boating. C．Visit her parents. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Schoolmates. B．Relatives. C．Colleagues. 14．What can visitors do in Looking Back? A．Learn about Greek culture. B．Watch some recordings. C．Create building models. 15．Which exhibition will the speakers attend? A．Transport. B．Fun Science. C．Glass Place. 16．When will the speakers probably meet on Sunday? A．At around 12:00. B．At around 1:30 pm. C．At around 3:00 pm. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．How many levels of courses does the program offer? A．Seven. B．Eight. C．Twelve. 18．What is the strength of the program? A．It can meet personal needs. B．It provides courses on US culture. C．It is available throughout the year. 19．What can students get if they perform well in an end-of-session test? A．A course for free. B．A promotion to a higher level. C．A chance to work part-time. 20．What does the Language Center Bonus Project provide? A．Field trips. B．Social activities. C．Extra practice hours. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination. A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson How did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a long read. Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe How do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience. Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake What does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language. Deep Time by Riley Black Want to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺). 21．Which book is organized in the format of question and answer? A．A Short History of Nearly Everything. B．Thing Explainer. C．Ask an Astronaut. D．Deep Time. 22．What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer? A．It is rather too long. B．It is written in plain language. C．It lacks technical terms. D．It fails to include clear images. 23．What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common? A．They combine science and history. B．They feature vivid illustrations. C．They introduce astronauts’ daily life. D．They entertain readers of all ages. B Without the help of a special woman, Jim Ripley wouldn’t be what he is today. Jim and his brother, Alex, were placed into disparate adoptive homes at a young age. Because of their parents’ drug addiction, Alex was placed with the Ripley family while Jim went to live in four separate homes over the course of three years, suffering abuse (虐待) along the way. Jim and Alex only saw each other every few months, but during their visits, Mrs. Ripley grew to care for Jim, too. “Mrs. Ripley would take us for lunch at McDonald’s as Alex always liked the food, and that’s when she first noticed the scars all over my body,” Jim wrote. “She immediately made arrangements for me to join their family.” Unfortunately, Mr. Ripley passed away from cancer shortly after Jim joined the family. But even in the face of hardship, Mrs. Ripley never once considered parting with Alex or Jim. “Nobody would have blamed her for taking us back. But instead she took us to court and made it permanent,” Jim continued. “She must have been super stressed, but that’s not at all what I remember. I just remember the words that she gave me. They are always: ‘You’re smart.’ And ‘You’re handsome.’ And ‘You survived all bad things because you’re strong.’ There are very few forces as powerful as a mother’s love.” Jim joined the Marines ( 海军陆战队) and graduated from law school! Now, as a father himself, he couldn’t be more grateful to Mrs. Ripley for making his life worth living and giving him a future to look forward to. 24．What does the underlined word “disparate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Wealthy. B．Faraway. C．Different. D．Large. 25．What made Mrs. Ripley decide to adopt Jim? A．The abuse he suffered. B．Alex’s sincere request. C．The blame from others. D．The death of her husband. 26．Which word best describes Mrs. Ripley as an adoptive mother? A．Serious. B．Ambitious. C．Encouraging. D．Creative. 27．What can we learn from Jim’s story? A．Man must be strong. B．Hard work pays off. C．Kindness makes a man wiser. D．Where there is love, there is hope. C Processed foods like chips, sodas and frozen pizzas are full of salt, sugar, and fat. Now, scientists are trying to understand if there is something else about such foods that may be bad for humans. The researchers created a system that places foods into four groups. The system says highly processed foods are made mostly of industrialized materials and additives (添加剂). Sodas, packaged cookies, instant noodles and chicken nuggets (鸡肉块) are some examples of highly processed foods. But also included are products that can seem healthy, such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt. Researchers conducted a four-week study involving 20 people. They found that people ate about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed foods. That is compared to when the same people were given less processed foods. The researchers permitted the 20 participants to eat as much or as little as they wanted. They were taken to a medical center so their health and behavior could be observed. In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed foods were more likely to have heart disease. A similar study in Spain linked eating more processed foods to a higher risk of death in general. The scientists also found that people ate processed foods more quickly. Kevin Hall is one of the researchers who led the study. He said that processed foods were usually soft er and easier to chew and swallow. Hall noted the source of nutrients might make a difference. For example, fiber from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than fiber added to packaged foods such as energy bars and yogurt. Avoiding processed foods can be hard, especially for people with limited time and money. Processed foods can also take many forms. In addition, companies continually re-engineer products to make them seem healthier. The newest studies may provide more reasons to avoid processed foods. But, they also call attention to the difficulty of coming up with ways to do that. 28．What kind of food do energy bars belong to? A．Highly processed foods. B．Especially beneficial food C．Relatively high-cost foods. D．Fairly health-friendly foods. 29．What can we know about eating more processed foods in Paragraph 3? A．It can often result in death. B．It makes people get less calories. C．It does harm to people potentially. D．It makes little difference to people’s health. 30．What is more likely to make people feel full? A．Fiber added to packaged foods. B．Fiber from fruit and vegetables. C．Highly processed foods like instant noodles. D．Foods made mostly of industrial materials and additives. 31．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Researches discover more harm of processed foods. B．Processed foods include a wide range of products. C．People are more likely to eat processed foods. D．Processed foods lead to a higher risk of death D Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition (认知)? What about our body? Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain? Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure. If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs—they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved. Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions. Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study. subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer. For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages. Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it? If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. 32．According to the author, what is the significance of EC? A．It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition. B．It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain. C．It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition. D．It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology. 33．Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from? A．Their personal looks. B．Their mental needs. C．Their inner emotions. D．Their physical feelings. 34．What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5? A．Human speech is alive with metaphors. B．Human senses have effects on thinking. C．Human language is shaped by visual images. D．Human emotions are often compared to natural materials. 35．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC． B．To encourage the reader to put EC into practice. C．To guide the reader onto the path to career success. D．To share with the reader ways to release their emotions. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As we know, mental health is in a worse situation among young people globally. 36 This not only lowers quality of life, but has a negative impact on a teenager’s growth. To get at the root causes of this decline, a group of scientists conducted a study and found the combination of high screen time and low “green time” greatly affects mental well-being. Children nowadays spend more time than ever in front of electronic devices. The average daily screen time for 8-to-18-year-olds was 7.5 hours in the U. S. ten years ago. As the study states, “This greatly goes above guidelines of 2 hours per day.” Now the condition is worse by the fact that so many schools are using technology to teach classes. Indeed some screen time can promote connections and enable tasks to be done more efficiently. 37 In addition to troubling nerve stimulation, too much screen time takes the place of important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep and academic activities. The study authors suggest that green time could act as a cure for screen time, essentially balancing its negative effects. 38 The attention systems can be restored in natural environment when they are worn out, because they employ involuntary attention there, which is not tiring or effortful. 39 The great nature could potentially function as a psychological well-being promotion intervention (干预) for children and teenagers in a high-tech era. This knowledge could be a guide to public health departments that are struggling to restore happiness and cheer in countless anxious teenagers. 40 A．Teenagers urgently need more green time. B．Screen-based technology makes kids less attentive. C．The frequency of depression and anxiety is increasing. D．There are many more ways, nevertheless , in which it is harmful. E．It suggests more outdoor projects like building parks could be fundamental. F．Paying constant directed attention to screens can raise directed attention tiredness. G．This study highlights that nature may currently be a potential public health resource. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My grandpa Joe is 85 and has been faithfully married to my grandma for 60 years. But now his memory is 41 and he’s really starting to slow down. Yesterday, he asked me to take him to the 42 because he wanted to get out of the house. I was 43 that he asked me to do so because he shouldn’t be driving by himself. It would also 44 grandma to have the 45 to herself for a while, not having to worry about grandpa for a few hours. I watched him, walking stick in hand, taking the tiniest 46 all around, searching through the shelves. I had no idea what he was 47 ; but, as I observed each item he put in the cart, I noticed a(n) 48 . They were some of my grandma’s 49 things. He got the type of soda she liked. He 50 picked out a bag of seedless grapes she had talked about several days ago. He even 51 her a small lemon pie! And then, 52 filled my eyes as I watched him walking slowly to the fresh 53 and pick her the bunch of flowers that had the most purple, her favorite color. On our way home, he 54 we stop and grab a sandwich to take home for grandma’s lunch. May we all take a lesson from Papa Joe: Never stop 55 for our loved ones. 41．A．changing B．failing C．improving D．replacing 42．A．bakery B．park C．supermarket D．restaurant 43．A．grateful B．thrilled C．honored D．annoyed 44．A．require B．inspire C．benefit D．remind 45．A．destination B．gallery C．neighborhood D．house 46．A．aspects B．steps C．tools D．orders 47．A．through B．over C．past D．after 48．A．theme B．plot C．route D．shelf 49．A．explosive B．favorite C．specific D．valuable 50．A．quickly B．randomly C．cruelly D．carefully 51．A．bought B．baked C．ordered D．wrapped 52．A．doubts B．tears C．surprises D．joys 53．A．vegetables B．bread C．flowers D．pudding 54．A．insisted B．declared C．admitted D．desired 55．A．standing B．answering C．fighting D．caring 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 According to Xinhua News Agency, the Palace Museum and Huawei signed a cooperation agreement on March 15. The two sides will set an example to 5G use . The Palace Museum received more than 17 million visitors in 2019, 56 (make) it the most visited museum in the world. In the past 20 years, an office information network covering the whole museum 57 (build) gradually. The museum has developed an App 58 provides an in-depth explanation of cultural relic information and cultural services. Also, the museum has researched on the 59 (apply) of VR, AR, AI in museums. 60 signing of the agreement marks a new chapter in the strategic cooperation between the Palace Museum and Huawei Technologies Co. So, Huawei will make efforts 61 (speed) up the intelligent construction of the Palace Museum. "The 600-year-old Palace Museum has never been so close 62 science and technology." Shan Jixiang said 63 (proud) ,former director of the Palace Museum. Shan shared many ideas about the 5G Palace Museum. With the help of advanced technology, 64 is expected that in the future, audiences around the world will be able to experience and visit the Palace Museum, whether it is a field trip or a virtual tour. Also, the use of AI technology provides a 65 (broad) platform and stronger knowledge support for cultural relics among young people. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．假定你是李华。为了鼓励学生们养成良好的阅读习惯，学校成立了阅读社团, 正在招募新成员。请给正在你校学习的交换生 David 写一封信，邀请他加入。要点如下： 1. 社团简介及活动； 2. 加入社团的好处。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Winter break was approaching, and all Scott wanted to do was go snowboarding. Unfortunately, Scott's parents had different plans. They had booked a weeklong tropical cruise (热带船游). Scott hated warm weather and asked if he could just stay at his best friend's house so he could snowboard every day at the local mountain. His parents didn't want to hear anything of it. He kept debating them about the topic, but they would not change their minds. Family time was important to them, and it was tradition that they spend winter break together. The week of the cruise arrived, and Scott continued to mumble (咕哝) his complaints as he and his family left their house to head south. Scott's dad told him that he would only make the vacation worse for himself if he didn't change his attitude and open his mind to a new experience. Scott still couldn't stop thinking about all of the snow he was leaving behind. When they arrived at the port to board the ship, Scott had a hard time admitting that he was actually impressed with the size of the ship. He had seen the brochures but seeing the ship in person was a whole different animal. Then he remembered that the brochure said something about a surfing pool. Maybe surfing would be somewhat like snowboarding. After all, it involved riding a board. Scott climbed aboard the ship with his parents, and then they walked around to check everything out. He couldn't believe how fancy the accommodations were. The dining room looked like a royal hall; the game room had all of his favorite games; the ship's deck (甲板) had several different swimming pools for different purposes. Then Scott saw the surfing pool. It was incredible. It wasn't a big pool, but it had big waves, and the young man who was demonstrating how to ride the waves made it look like a ton of fun. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高一下学期开学摸底考试卷（外研版专用） 英语·参考答案 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C C C C A A C A A A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B A A B B A B A B C 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C C A C A C D A C B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A A D B B 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36 37 38 39 40 C D F G E 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 B C A C D B D A B D 题号 51 52 53 54 55 答案 A B C A D 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 56．making 57．has been built 58．that/which 59．application 60．The 61．to speed 62．to 63．proudly 64．it 65．broader 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 (满分15分) 66．Dear David, I’m writing to tell you that our school’s reading club is looking for new members. I sincerely invite you to join it. The club aimed at encouraging students to form good reading habits. It started last month. Every Wednesday afternoon, there’s a reading activity, where we can read well-known books for an hour. After that, some members will recommend books. Frankly speaking, these activities have helped improve our reading ability and broaden our horizons over the month. Besides, if you join us, you can improve your Chinese and make new friends here. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 67．范文 Scott asked his parents if he could try surfing. They said, "Of course. And much to Scott's surprise, they wanted to try surfing too. When Scott and his parents had their swim suits on, Scott's dad went first and only lasted about five seconds before he wiped out.Then it was his mom's turn.She actually made it longer than his dad did. When it was Scott's turn, he was excited but a little bit nervous. He hopped on the board and took a stance similar to his snowboarding stance. Then the waves started. It felt similar to snowboarding but different at the same time. On his first ride, Scott rode for almost 30 seconds before wiping out.He was crazy about it though. Gradually, Scott began to love the cruise. He got to know the people who often surfed there quite well. By the time the weeklong cruise was over, Scott had new friends he planned to keep in touch. Scott is the brave and lucky one since only eight percent of the experiencer or so really fell in love with it among a lot of the passengers who tried surfing the first day of the cruise. With a new hobby, and great memories, he apologized to his parents for earliest moaning and groaning and told them it was his best vacation ever. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$