专题11 动词和动词短语讲义-2025届中考英语语法全面讲解

动词及动词短语全面精讲 目录 动词及动词短语全面精讲 1 一．动词的基本形式 2 二．常见的易混动词辨析 2 1.used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.的区别 2 2.arrive,get和reach表示“到达”时的区别 3 3.borrow,lend,keep 3 4.dress,put on,wear 3 5.see,look,watch,read 3 6.bring,take,carry,fetch 4 7.die,dead,death,dying 4 8.speak,say,talk,tell 4 9.spend,cost,take,pay 5 10.look for,find 5 11.listen to,hear 5 12.lose,fail,beat,win 5 13.lose,forget,leave 5 14.join,take part in,attend 6 15.like,love,enjoy 6 16.hope,wish 6 17.seem, look, appear 7 18.receive,accept 7 动词专项训练 7 二．常见的易混动词短语辨析 10 动词短语专项训练 11 动词及动词短语综合训练 13 一．基础训练 13 二．中考真题训练 14 一．动词的基本形式 形式 规则变化 例句 一般现在时第三人称单数 一般情况在动词后直接加-s look→looks；work→works 以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词，后加-es catch→catches；go→goes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-es study→studies；try→tries 现在分词 一般情况在动词后直接加-ing read→reading；go→going 以ee、oe、ye结尾的动词，直接加-ing see →seeing；toe→toeing 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing love→loving；write→writing 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ing cut→cutting；put→putting 少数以ie结尾的动词，先变ie 为y再加-ing die→dying；lie→lying 过去式和过去分词 一般情况在动词后直接加-ed ask→asked；help→helped 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，只加-d like→liked；live→lived 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed cry→cried；study→studied 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped；plan→planned 二．常见的易混动词辨析 1.used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.的区别 be used to doing sth.表示习惯做某事,to后的动词用-ing形式; used to do sth.表示过去常常做某事。如: I am used to getting up early.我习惯早起。 I used to get up at six in the morning.我过去经常在早上六点起床。 注意:be used to do sth.被用来做某事。如: Pens are used to write.钢笔被用来写字。 2.arrive,get和reach表示“到达”时的区别 arrive in+大地点,arrive at+小地点, get to+地点名词, reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词。如: We arrived at the village at five in the afternoon.我们在下午五点到达了那个村庄。 When did you arrive in Beijing?你们是何时到北京的? How do you usually get to school?你通常怎样到学校? When she reached the office,the teacher was having a rest.当她到达办公室时,老师正在休息。 3.borrow,lend,keep borrow“借”,为非延续性动词,表示主语“借入”某物,常用短语borrow sth.from sb./sth.; lend“借”,为非延续性动词,表示主语“借出”某物,常用短语lend sth.to sb.; keep“保存;借”,为延续性动词,表示“长时间借用”。如: I borrowed a book from the school library yesterday.昨天我从校图书馆借了一本书。 Could you lend your pen to me?你能把你的钢笔借给我吗? How long can we keep the book?我们能借这本书多久? 4.dress,put on,wear dress sb.给某人穿衣服; put on“穿上,戴上”,表动作; wear“穿着,戴着”,表状态,与“be in”同义。如: Mother dressed her baby in her best clothes.母亲给婴儿穿上最漂亮的衣服。 Jim put on his coat and went out.吉姆穿上大衣出去了。 Lily is wearing a red skirt today.莉莉今天穿着一条红裙子。 5.see,look,watch,read see看见,表结果; look看,表动作,不及物动词,后面必须加介词at才能跟宾语; watch看(比赛、电视); read看(书、报),表示阅读。如: I can see an apple on the table.我看见桌子上有一个苹果。 Look,there is a kite flying in the sky.看,天空中有一个风筝。 Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看电视太多对你的健康有害。 Don’t read books in the sun.不要在阳光下读书。 6.bring,take,carry,fetch bring意为“带来,拿来”,表示“拿到靠近说话者的地方”; take意为“拿去,带走”,表示“拿到远离说话人的地方”; carry意为“扛,搬”,用力移动,没有方向性; fetch意为“去取,去拿”,表示往返拿物。 Please take the books to the classroom.请把这些书拿到教室。 Remember to bring your homework to school tomorrow.记得明天把作业带到学校。 The bag is very heavy.Please carry it to my office.这个包很重。请把它提到我的办公室。 Don’t worry.I can fetch the key.别担心,我去取钥匙。 7.die,dead,death,dying die意为“死”,是非延续性动词; dead意为“死的”,是形容词,表状态; death意为“死”,是名词; dying意为“垂死的,要死的”,是形容词。 Her grandfather died last year.她的祖父去年死了。 Her grandfather has been dead for two years.她的祖父死了两年了。 His death was a great loss to China.他的死对中国是一个极大的损失。 The poor old man was dying.那个可怜的老人快死了。 8.speak,say,talk,tell speak作为及物动词时接表示语言的名词; say侧重说的内容; talk是不及物动词,常跟介词to或with,意为“同某人谈话”; tell意为“讲述”,并常与story连用,意为“讲故事”。 9.spend,cost,take,pay spend指花费时间或金钱,后接on sth.或(in)doing sth.;cost用物作主语,意为“需付费”;take可用于固定句型,表示花费时间,其结构为:It(形式主语)+takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.;pay与介词for连用。 (1)pay指花费时,一般指花钱,主语为人,表示“为某物支付……钱”,用pay+(money+)for sth.。如: I paid 100 yuan for the dictionary.我花100元买了这本字典。 (2)take指花费时,一般指时间,通常用于句型It takes/took sb.(some time)to do sth.(某人花了多少时间做某事)。如: It took me 3 days to finish the work.我花了3天的时间完成了这项工作。 (3)cost指花费时,主语是物。sth. cost sb.(money)表示“某物花了某人多少钱”。如: The dress cost her 185 yuan.这条裙子花了她185元。 (4)spend指花费时,指花时间或金钱,其主语为人。spend(money/time)on sth./(in)doing sth.意为“在(做)某事上花费了多少金钱或时间”。如: Don’t spend too much money on clothes.别把太多的钱花在服装上。 We spent a day in visiting the factory.我们花了一天的时间参观这个工厂。 10.look for,find 两个词都有“找”的意思。look for 强调寻找的过程;find强调找的结果。 11.listen to,hear listen to 和hear 都有“听”的意思。 listen强调听的动作,为不及物动词,与to组成固定搭配; hear强调听的结果。 12.lose,fail,beat,win lose意为“输给某人”,固定搭配为lose to sb.;fail指“失败”或“未做成某事”; beat 意为“打败”,后接sb.或某支队伍; win意为“赢得”,如赢得荣誉、地位、比赛等。 13.lose,forget,leave lose意为“丢失,遗失”; forget 意为“忘记”,“忘记要做某事”为 forget to do sth.; “leave sth.+地点状语”意为“把某物落在某处”。 14.join,take part in,attend 三者都有“参加”的意思。 join一般指加入“党派”或“组织”,如参军、入党等; take part in 指参加大型的活动; attend 一般指出席会议。 15.like,love,enjoy like,love和enjoy三个词作动词,都有“喜欢”的意思,但用法有区别。 (1)like意为“喜欢”“爱好”,指对某人或某事赞许或发生兴趣,并积极参加活动,语气较弱。后接名词、代词、动名词或不定式作宾语。 I like playing football.我喜欢踢足球。 She likes to go to the zoo with me.她喜欢和我一起去动物园。 (2)love意为“爱”,在感情上比like强烈,表示深深地爱或对异性的爱。 We love our country.我们热爱祖国。 Mothers and fathers love their children.父母爱他们的孩子。 (3)enjoy意为“喜爱”“欣赏”“享受”。指对某样东西或某件事情感觉愉快,广泛应用于从外界事物中得到喜悦,领略到乐趣。后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接不定式。 He still enjoys the changes.他仍然喜欢这些变化。 They enjoy going to the concert.他们喜欢去听音乐会。 16.hope,wish hope和wish都有“希望”的意思,但用法有区别。 (1)hope和wish后均可接动词不定式作宾语。 I hope/wish to go to college.我希望去上大学。 (2)hope和wish后均可接宾语从句。hope表示很有把握实现的愿望;而wish表示无法实现的愿望,从句要用过去时。 We hope that you agree with us.我们希望你同意我们的看法。 I wish I could fly to the moon.但愿我能飞上月球。 (3)hope后不能接“宾语+不定式”,而wish后可以。 (正)I wish her to leave now.我希望她现在离开。 (误)I hope her to leave now. (4)wish可以表示祝愿,但hope不能。 I wish you well and happy.我祝愿你健康快乐。 17.seem, look, appear seem,appear,look这三个词都作连系动词,都可以译作“似乎”或“看上去”。但用法不同。 (1)seem意为“似乎”或“看来”,指说话人以客观迹象为依据的主观的判断。 It seems a rock band plays there every evening.一个摇滚乐队似乎每天晚上在那里演奏。 It seems to me that there is something funny about the case.在我看来这件案子有点滑稽。 (2)look所表示的“看来”指从外表上看,是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的,常常是事实。 His wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse.他的妻子戴着一顶看起来好像一座灯塔的帽子。 This ring looks nice. Is it made of silver?这枚戒指很好看。它是银的吗? (3)appear指给人以表面的印象,而实际上是否如此,则不得而知。 He appears to want to leave.他看起来要走。 It appears that I am wrong.看来是我错了。 (4)seem和appear这两个词之后常常接动词不定式、形容词等作表语,也可以接that或as if从句;而look后常接形容词或介词短语作语。 It seems that he is lying.似乎他在说谎。 That looks like an interesting film.那看来是部有趣的电影。 18.receive,accept (1)receive表示“收到,接到”,指客观上收到,被动地接受。如: I received a Christmas present yesterday.昨天我收到了一份圣诞节礼物。 (2)accept意为“接受”,表示主观上的接受。如: I didn’t accept Jim’s present.我没有接受吉姆的礼物。 动词专项训练 一、填空题 1.The boy fell behind, so he had to run to c　　　 up with his father.  2.The engineers are going to t　　　(测试)the self-driving car in our city.  3.You’re supposed to 　　　 at the door and wait before entering the office.  4.You 　　　(promise) to take our boy to Disneyland last year. Don’t let him down again.  5.The 2022 Beijing Olympic Games 　　　(鼓励)the public to pay attention to winter sports.  6.Please follow the rules. Don’t t　　　(触碰) the photos in the museum.  7.I 　　　(agree) that moms do all the housework. Everyone should share.  8.In our life, we need to　　　(感谢)those people who help us, such as our parents, teachers and friends.  9.—Oh,my God!I　　　 (遗忘)my notebook in my bedroom.  —It doesn’t matter.I’ll lend you mine. 10.The company can　　　 (提供)lunch for you if you work there.  二、单项选择 1.We should 　　　 making a noise in the library.  A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy 2.You’ll have to　　　the books because there aren’t enough for everyone.  A.pack B.sell C.choose D.share 3.—Jack, let’s have a picnic after school. —Sorry. I have 　　　 Frank to work on the biology report with him.  A.advised B.expected C.suggested D.promised 4.—I’m afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. —Don’t worry. I will　　　you then.  A.notice B.allow C.remind D.promise 5.—Hey, Jeremy. Tony and I want to　　　the new Italian restaurant tonight. Come with us!  —Why not? A.try B.taste C.choose D.search 6.When you break the rules, you should 　　　 to your teacher.  A.apologise B.introduce C.expect D.compare 7.There are so many fish swimming in the pool. They　　　very happy.  A.taste B.smell C.sound D.look 8.The plane　　　on the ground for two more hours because of the bad weather.  A.ran B.moved C.shook D.remained 9.For our own safety, it’s important to 　　　 the traffic rules on the way to school.  A.follow B.change C.make D.break 10.—There are dark clouds,and the wind is blowing strongly. —It　　　 that a typhoon is coming.  A.feels B.sounds C.seems D.looks 二．常见的易混动词短语辨析 (一)同一动词+不同介词(副词)型 make短语 be made...的结构:be made in+地点,意为“在某地制造”;be made by+人,意为“由(被)某人制造”;be made of+材料(能看出原材料),意为“由某物制成”;be made from+材料(看不出原材料),意为“由某物制成”;be made to do sth.,意为“被迫去做某事” 含有make的短语:make sure务必,make friends with sb.和某人交朋友,make tea泡茶,make the bed铺床,make fun of取笑,make a living谋生,make a mistake犯错误,make up one's mind下定决心,make great progress取得很大的进步,make faces at sb.朝某人做鬼脸, make a decision做决定, make money赚钱, make room (for)...给……腾出地方,make one's way to...往……走去, make it 获得成功;准时到达,make sb. do sth.让或迫使某人做某事 turn短语 turn on打开(灯、自来水、家用电器等),turn off 关掉(灯、自来水、家用电器等),turn down 调低(音量);拒绝,turn up调高(音量);出现;露面;到场,turn into变成,turn over把……翻过来,turn out证明是;结果是,turn in上交 come短语 come along出现;快点,come back=be back回来,come down下来;下降;跌价,come from=be from来自,come on赶快;加油,come in进来,come out出来;出版,come over顺便来访,come true实现;达到,come up走过来;发生,come up with提出,come across(无意中)遇到 go短语 go for a walk 散步,go home回家,go on继续,go on with/go on doing sth. 继续做某事,go on to do sth.继续/接着做另一件事,go to school上学,go shopping/skating去购物/去滑冰,go to bed睡觉,go over复习,go to sleep去睡觉,go through通过;仔细查看,go back回去,go ahead 前进;进行,go in for参加;从事于,go up上升,go sightseeing去观光旅行,go out外出;到外面,go abroad出国 put短语 put away放好;收起来,put down放下;记下,put off推迟;拖延,put on穿上;演出,put out熄灭,put up张贴;建造;举起(手),put...into English把……译成英语 look短语 look at看,look after=take care of照顾;照看,look around 四处看看,look like看起来像,look the same看起来一样,look for寻找,look out=take care小心;留意;注意,look out of从……向外看,look up抬头看;仰视;查阅,look on...as把……看作,look over仔细检查,look forward to期待;期盼,have a look瞧一瞧,看一看(look是名词) be短语 be able to能;会,be born in 出生于,be different from和……不同,be good at 在……方面(学得)好;擅长……,be good (bad) for对……有益(害),be fond of喜欢……,be in hospital 生病住院,be busy doing/with sth.忙于做某事,be afraid of 害怕……, be angry with对……生气,be amazed at对……感到惊奇,be covered with/by被……覆盖,be excited about对……感到兴奋,be famous for 以……闻名,be famous as作为……而闻名,be fed up with对……感到厌恶,be full of充满了……,be interested in对……感兴趣,be late for迟到,be satisfied/pleased with对……感到满意,be proud of以……为自豪,be used for被用作,be ready to do sth.准备做某事,be ready for为……做准备 take短语 take a walk 散步,take away 拿走;夺去,take a train (a bus) 乘火车(公共汽车),take good care of (相当于look after...well) 好好照料,take down 取下,take exercise 运动,take off 脱去(衣帽等);(飞机)起飞,take out 拿出;取出,take one's time不急;慢慢来,take turns 替换;轮流,take one's temperature 量体温,take a picture (photo) 照相,take a rest 休息一下,take medicine 吃药,take an active part in积极参加,take a seat就座;坐下,take a message捎口信,take charge of 负责;掌管,take hold of抓住,take the place of代替,take place发生,take up占据 keep短语 keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事,keep away from避开;不接近, keep sb. from(doing sth.)...阻止某人(做某事……),keep out挡住,keep off 不接近;让开,keep to遵守;信守,keep up维持,keep up with sb./ sth.跟上某人/某物 think短语 think of想到;想起;考虑到,think about考虑,think over仔细考虑,think through全面考虑,think out想出;想清楚 (二)不同动词+同一介词(副词)型 含有for的短语 look for, make room for, be famous/well-known for, send for, be late for, be /get ready for, prepare for, take a message for, pay for, have sth. for breakfast/lunch/supper, stand for, buy sth. for, be good for, ask for, leave for, wait for, answer for, be used for, care for 含有at的短语 be good at, work hard at, knock at, laugh at, fire at, point at, aim at, shout at, throw...at..., be angry at, be surprised at, be poor at, arrive at, look at, be amazed at 含有away的短语 be away, go away, get away, wash away, put away, throw away, take away, keep away 含有on的短语 call on, concentrate on, rely on, decide on, come on, get on, go on, go on with sth., get on with, turn on, walk on, try on, depend on, put on, look on...as, operate on, spend...on..., hold on 动词短语专项训练 1.If you want to join the Music Club, 　　　 the form, please.  A.go out B.fill out C.get up D.warm up 2.Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and 　　　 which university is the best for her to attend.  A.put out B.stay out C.find out D.run out 3.Would you please 　　　 the light? I can’t sleep well with it on.  A.turn on B.turn off C.turn to D.turn around 4.Some animals can　　　the color around to protect themselves.  A.take on B.give up C.put away D.see off 5.Can you help me　　　the pen? It’s under your chair.  A.ask for B.look for C.pick up D.put up 6.John 　　　 the TV and helped his mother with the housework.  A.turned off B.heard from C.joined in D.looked after 7.No one can be right all the time. When people make mistakes, we shouldn’t　　　them.  A.wait for B.send for C.knock at D.laugh at 8.Don’t know where your kids are in the house?Turn off the Internet and they’ll　　　quickly.  A.get up B.stand up C.show up D.hurry up 9.—Song Joong-ki is a movie star in Asia now. —That􀆳s true. He was once an excellent skater but had to　　　skating because of an accident.  A.give up B.go on C.take up 10.Almost every university now has a website which allows us to　　　the information about it.  A.look at B.look after C.look around D.look through 11.A true friend will never 　　　 from you when you’re in trouble.  A.take away B.run away C.put off D.get off 12.Bob is taking the desks away because they 　　　 too much room.  A.stand up B.pick up C.take up D.listen up 13.They all　　　 Laura about building a museum here.  A.waited for B.handed in C.agreed with D.knocked at 14.Sportsmen wanted to arrive earlier so that they could have time to　　　 before the race.  A.warm up B.hurry up C.get up D.give up 15.—Do you know our new manager? —Yes.He　　　 to be a friend of my brother.  A.turns up B.turns on C.turns out D.turns off 动词及动词短语综合训练 一．基础训练 A.单句语法填空1 1.When you speak English, you should pay more attention to your 　 　(pronounce).  2.Could you please tell me how to become a good 　 　(speak), Mr.Li?   3.The bad smell came from the 　 　(die) fish by the river.  4.I saw a cat 　 　(lie) on the road this morning.  5.A Chinese-English dictionary is 　 　(help) in learning English.  6.There is a(n) 　 　(introduce) about our school in that magazine.  7.Jane, you look so 　 　(sleep).Stop working and go to bed now.  8.These are some useful 　 　(express).You should memorize them.  9.The 　 　(discover) of Columbus was quite a great event in the world.  10.I am old enough to make my own 　 　(decide).  11.It 　 　(take) me two hours to get there by bus last weekend.  12.I 　 　(spend) half an hour on my homework yesterday.  13.It is raining.　 　(take) the raincoat with you when you go out.  14.I can lend you my dictionary, but you can 　 　 (keep) it for only a week.  15.Dr.White can 　 　(speak) French very well.  16.The man doesn't know how to 　 　 (translate) this word into English.  17.We'll go to 　 　 (see) a film instead of 　 　(read) a book in bed.  18.When we 　 　(get) to the railway station, the train had already left.  19.I　 　 (listen) to the teacher, but I heard nothing because I was thinking about my trip.  20.We 　 　 (feel) excited when the football match was over.  B.单句语法填空2 1．You have no ________（choose） but to accept his ____________（invite）. 2．You need to lead a __________（balance）life to stay healthy and happy. 3．We need to work harder to remain ______________（compete） with other companies. 4.My biggest dream in life is to be a great football player. I believe that I ________________（achieve） my dream when I grow up. More importantly, I've become much more confident about myself. 5．When the summer________（pass）, they'll weigh themselves again to see how many pounds they have lost during the hot season. 6.There is a wallet ______（lie） on the ground. Is it yours, Andy? 7．They can see the ____________（begin）, the middle and the end of the project. 8.In the past, they ________________（do） everything they liked, but now they have to spend most of their time on the study. 9.“What's wrong with her?” one boy said. “Maybe she____________（not read） at all!” said another student. 10.As the saying goes, “A true friend reaches for your hand and________（touch） your heart.” 11．Zheng He ____ a Ming Dynasty explorer that we Chinese people are proud of. C.语篇填空 A When my sister Gina was born, she had a problem with her heart. She was weak after a long illness and had to go to the hospital very often. She had trouble walking, playing with other children, and going to school. Our parents wanted to take Gina to a special place in Florida and hoped Gina could 1 with dolphins（海豚）. When Gina knew it, she was worried because she didn’t know whether it was easy to be around dolphins. When we got to Florida, we couldn’t wait to 2 the place. Kids who had special needs like Gina could come and 3 time with dolphins. I thought it was going to be a vacation, but it wasn’t. Gina had to work hard every day for a week. However, the trip was amazing. Gina 4 and clapped（鼓掌） when she saw the dolphins. One of the dolphins squeaked（尖叫） happily to 5 her. They swam together all day. Gina was able to move her body more than she usually did at home. Mum and Dad were proud of Gina. I was, too. 1．A. draw B. cook C. swim 2．A. clean B. invent C. visit 3．A. take B. spend C. pay 4．A. locked B. laughed C. escaped 5．A. hurt B. punish C. welcome B Bella arrived home late from school that day. When she walked past her mother’s room she found her mum was still in bed, and seemed to be very weak. Bella entered her room and heard the cries from her little sister. She knew her dad would expect her to 1 her sister. And she also had to 2 meals for the whole family as her mum did before. Bella thought it was not fair because she also had schoolwork to do, just like everyone else in her class. Why did she have to be the grown-up? When she got out of the room, she saw her dad sitting at the kitchen table, lonely and tired. Suddenly, something happened inside Bella. She 3 that her father, as well as a husband, must be really worried. Then she heard a deep voice from her father, “Make the dinner, will you, Bella?” She was going to find an excuse to 4 her friends, but she stopped and said to herself, “It is a hard time for everyone in our family. I guess making meals is just what I can do to help.” Then she quietly went into the kitchen and began peeling（削） potatoes. “OK, Daddy,” said Bella. “Everything will be all right and we can 5 .” At that moment, she saw a smile on her father’s face. She felt different—grown-up, somehow. It was really good to 6 a smile to her father’s face, even for only a moment. “Daddy, whatever happens, we will be OK. Right?” “Yes, we will. If we 7 each other, we’ll always be all right.” They both 8 at each other over the table. 1．A. look for B. look after C. look over 2．A. play B. practice C. prepare 3．A. explained B. expected C. realized 4．A. take B. meet C. thank 5．A. manage B. decide C. forget 6．A. bring B. keep C. turn 7．A. refuse B. control C. support 8．A. laughed B. smiled C. saw 二．中考真题训练 1. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems _________ be cured. A. can B. must C. should D. need 2. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）The movie Chang An _________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world. A. protects B. compares C. introduces D. discovers 3. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）To live a green life, we should remember to _________ the lights when we leave a room. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 4. （2024·江苏省扬州市·中考真题）Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really ________ anything. A. look for B. stand for C. pay for D. try for 5. （2024·四川成都·统考中考真题）Having an ice-cream in the hot summer ________ be cool. A. must B. need C. can’t 6. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）—Coco, I can’t understand the meaning of this word. —You’d better ________ the word in your dictionary. A. look for B. look up C. look after 7. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There are some after-school clubs in our school. You can ________ between the Music Club and the Food and Drink Club. —I prefer the Food and Drink Club, for I can learn more life skills. A. avoid B. choose C. hide 8. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A. must B. can C. may 9. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I ________ Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter. —Do we accept his invitation? We haven’t met him for 3 years. A. heard from B. came from C. suffered from 10. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）The composer who created Learn from the Role Model Lei Feng (《学习雷锋好榜样》) didn’t ______ the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years. A. expect B. allow C. receive 11. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Ruby, when did your father go out? —I’m not sure, but he ______ go too far. His tea is still hot. A. can’t B. must C. might 12. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______! It’s not a big deal. Just believe yourself and everything will be OK. A. Give up B. Cheer up C. Stay up 13. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）When you ________ Mamianqun (horse-face skirt), you will sense the beauty of China’s traditional clothing. A. turn on B. get on C. put on D. depend on 14. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）—Rebecca, have you decided what to do this Saturday? —Not yet I ______ volunteer at the old people’s home. A. may B. must C. should D. would 15. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Tina, is that our math teacher Mr. Wang? —It ________ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Beijing. A. must B. mustn’t C. can’t D. can 16. （2024·四川雅安市·中考真题）—Is that your friend Laura over there? —No, it ____________ be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen. A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. can’t 17. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）—I didn’t pass the exam again. What should I do? —Don’t ________. You’ll succeed sooner or later. A. give up B. give back C. give away 18. （2024·天津·中考真题）We _________ the books to the library after we read them. A. returned B. pointed C. waved D. caught 19. （2024·云南省·中考真题）The students worked in groups to ________ the difficult problem in the math class. A. work out B. turn down C. cut off D. worry about 三．中考模拟训练 A.根据下列句子及所给首字母或汉语注释，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。 1．[2024杭州一模]In a lot of western stories, dragons are usually the troublemakers. They are big, breathe fire and often f____ with heroes. 2．[2024杭州一模]Success usually r________ a lot of effort and hard work, as well as a little luck. 3．[2024宁波二模]Ningbo automatic test of listening and speaking is ____（举行） in March every year. 4．[2024杭州一模]As we all know, the heart ______（跳） faster when you run or exercise. 5．[2024宁波一模]Since the reform（改革） and opening up, China ________________（develop） rapidly. 6．[2024台州二模]Today Tai chi has been a national treasure of China and has been widely ____________（respect） as the wisdom of traditional Chinese culture. 7．[2023绍兴二模改编]People are praising Samelyn Lafuente highly because she tried hard to make sure of the happiness of the young students, even if it meant ________（pay） for everything out of her own pocket. B.词汇运用 1.(2023苏州高新区一模)The hero who saved my life was 　　　　(描述) as short and dark， and aged about fifty.  2.(2023苏州工业园区一模) The world⁃famous football player Messi finally 　　　　(带领)his team to victory.  3.(2023扬州江都一模) The little boy was 　　　　(抚养) in the countryside by his grandparents.  4.(2023苏州工业园区二模) —Kay， this is Steven. —Yes， I know. We’ve already i　　　　 ourselves to each other.  5.(2022南京玄武一模)Many people once 　　　　　(料想) that this event would be one of the most successful one in history. Now it turns out to be true.  6.(2022扬州江都一模)Our geography teacher told us everything 　　　　　(称重) more on the earth than on the moon.  7.(2022扬州邗江一模)I have never 　　　　　(后悔) the decision to be a volunteer teacher in the west of China.  8.(2022苏州张家港适应性考试)At the class meeting yesterday， the teacher 　　　　　(表扬) John for the progress he made.  C.用方框中所给词汇的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 solve remain clean up bring 1．[2024湖州二模改编]In some places, people make a special kind of rice wine, which ________ the body warmth on cold days. 2．[2024杭州一模]Whatever happens, I believe all problems can ____________. 3．[2024杭州一模]Although people have studied Stonehenge for centuries, it still ________ a mystery. 4．[2022温州二模]In China, people usually __________ their houses to sweep away bad luck before the Spring Festival. D.完形填空 A （2024杭州模拟改编） Oleita, an African-American student and environmentalist, lives in Detroit, the US. She thinks she may 1 the way to solve two problems: litter and poverty（贫穷）. It's called the Chip Bag Project. She is encouraging chip lovers to 2 their empty chip bags rather than throw them away. So she 3 turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless. Oleita came up with the idea when she 4 a woman who was showing people how to put chip bags together to make sleeping bags in English on Facebook. And then she decided to use that video as a blueprint to start the Chip Bag Project. Certainly, it would be simpler to 5 money to buy new sleeping bags. But helping the homeless is only half the goal for Oleita and her fellow volunteers. “We are making an influence not only socially, but environmentally,” she says. It shows that poverty and pollution often go hand in hand. As Oleita says, “I think it's time to show the connection between all of these things.” 1．A. ask B. find C. learn D. bring 2．A. give away B. put up C. take out D. hand in 3．A. may B. must C. should D. can 4．A. came out B. came on C. came across D. came from 5．A. rise B. raise C. lend D. borrow B [2024湖南联考改编]Cui Chenxi, a 14-year-old skateboarder, became China’s youngest player who 1 the first place in the Asian Games in 2023. She won the women’s street game during the Asian Games in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. This gold medal（奖牌） means a lot to Cui Chenxi. She said, “This is the first time I have 2 the Asian Games, so it is very important. I really want to win this competition.” When asked if she was nervous before the competition, she 3 her head and said, “No. My dad told me to stay relaxed and enjoy the competition. As long as I 4 my best, I have no regrets.” Cui Chenxi 5 skateboarding when she was three years old. Cui said, “I clearly remember the day I 6 onto the board for the first time. It felt very smooth, and I fell in love with it at first sight.” Most of the time, getting hurt is just part of this sport, and she just pushes through it and never 7 . Cui is the future of Team China! 1．A. lost B. won C. kept 2．A. taken part in B. taken off C. taken in 3．A. touched B. nodded C. shook 4．A. try B. learn C. pay 5．A. made up B. took up C. put up 6．A. stopped B. shopped C. stepped 7．A. goes over B. sets out C. gives up 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 动词及动词短语全面精讲 目录 动词及动词短语全面精讲 1 一．动词的基本形式 2 二．常见的易混动词辨析 2 1.used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.的区别 2 2.arrive,get和reach表示“到达”时的区别 3 3.borrow,lend,keep 3 4.dress,put on,wear 3 5.see,look,watch,read 3 6.bring,take,carry,fetch 4 7.die,dead,death,dying 4 8.speak,say,talk,tell 4 9.spend,cost,take,pay 5 10.look for,find 5 11.listen to,hear 5 12.lose,fail,beat,win 5 13.lose,forget,leave 5 14.join,take part in,attend 6 15.like,love,enjoy 6 16.hope,wish 6 17.seem, look, appear 7 18.receive,accept 7 动词专项训练 7 二．常见的易混动词短语辨析 10 动词短语专项训练 11 动词及动词短语综合训练 13 一．基础训练 13 二．中考真题训练 14 一．动词的基本形式 形式 规则变化 例句 一般现在时第三人称单数 一般情况在动词后直接加-s look→looks；work→works 以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词，后加-es catch→catches；go→goes 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-es study→studies；try→tries 现在分词 一般情况在动词后直接加-ing read→reading；go→going 以ee、oe、ye结尾的动词，直接加-ing see →seeing；toe→toeing 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing love→loving；write→writing 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ing cut→cutting；put→putting 少数以ie结尾的动词，先变ie 为y再加-ing die→dying；lie→lying 过去式和过去分词 一般情况在动词后直接加-ed ask→asked；help→helped 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，只加-d like→liked；live→lived 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed cry→cried；study→studied 以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped；plan→planned 二．常见的易混动词辨析 1.used to do sth.和be used to doing sth.的区别 be used to doing sth.表示习惯做某事,to后的动词用-ing形式; used to do sth.表示过去常常做某事。如: I am used to getting up early.我习惯早起。 I used to get up at six in the morning.我过去经常在早上六点起床。 注意:be used to do sth.被用来做某事。如: Pens are used to write.钢笔被用来写字。 2.arrive,get和reach表示“到达”时的区别 arrive in+大地点,arrive at+小地点, get to+地点名词, reach是及物动词,后面直接跟地点名词。如: We arrived at the village at five in the afternoon.我们在下午五点到达了那个村庄。 When did you arrive in Beijing?你们是何时到北京的? How do you usually get to school?你通常怎样到学校? When she reached the office,the teacher was having a rest.当她到达办公室时,老师正在休息。 3.borrow,lend,keep borrow“借”,为非延续性动词,表示主语“借入”某物,常用短语borrow sth.from sb./sth.; lend“借”,为非延续性动词,表示主语“借出”某物,常用短语lend sth.to sb.; keep“保存;借”,为延续性动词,表示“长时间借用”。如: I borrowed a book from the school library yesterday.昨天我从校图书馆借了一本书。 Could you lend your pen to me?你能把你的钢笔借给我吗? How long can we keep the book?我们能借这本书多久? 4.dress,put on,wear dress sb.给某人穿衣服; put on“穿上,戴上”,表动作; wear“穿着,戴着”,表状态,与“be in”同义。如: Mother dressed her baby in her best clothes.母亲给婴儿穿上最漂亮的衣服。 Jim put on his coat and went out.吉姆穿上大衣出去了。 Lily is wearing a red skirt today.莉莉今天穿着一条红裙子。 5.see,look,watch,read see看见,表结果; look看,表动作,不及物动词,后面必须加介词at才能跟宾语; watch看(比赛、电视); read看(书、报),表示阅读。如: I can see an apple on the table.我看见桌子上有一个苹果。 Look,there is a kite flying in the sky.看,天空中有一个风筝。 Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看电视太多对你的健康有害。 Don’t read books in the sun.不要在阳光下读书。 6.bring,take,carry,fetch bring意为“带来,拿来”,表示“拿到靠近说话者的地方”; take意为“拿去,带走”,表示“拿到远离说话人的地方”; carry意为“扛,搬”,用力移动,没有方向性; fetch意为“去取,去拿”,表示往返拿物。 Please take the books to the classroom.请把这些书拿到教室。 Remember to bring your homework to school tomorrow.记得明天把作业带到学校。 The bag is very heavy.Please carry it to my office.这个包很重。请把它提到我的办公室。 Don’t worry.I can fetch the key.别担心,我去取钥匙。 7.die,dead,death,dying die意为“死”,是非延续性动词; dead意为“死的”,是形容词,表状态; death意为“死”,是名词; dying意为“垂死的,要死的”,是形容词。 Her grandfather died last year.她的祖父去年死了。 Her grandfather has been dead for two years.她的祖父死了两年了。 His death was a great loss to China.他的死对中国是一个极大的损失。 The poor old man was dying.那个可怜的老人快死了。 8.speak,say,talk,tell speak作为及物动词时接表示语言的名词; say侧重说的内容; talk是不及物动词,常跟介词to或with,意为“同某人谈话”; tell意为“讲述”,并常与story连用,意为“讲故事”。 9.spend,cost,take,pay spend指花费时间或金钱,后接on sth.或(in)doing sth.;cost用物作主语,意为“需付费”;take可用于固定句型,表示花费时间,其结构为:It(形式主语)+takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.;pay与介词for连用。 (1)pay指花费时,一般指花钱,主语为人,表示“为某物支付……钱”,用pay+(money+)for sth.。如: I paid 100 yuan for the dictionary.我花100元买了这本字典。 (2)take指花费时,一般指时间,通常用于句型It takes/took sb.(some time)to do sth.(某人花了多少时间做某事)。如: It took me 3 days to finish the work.我花了3天的时间完成了这项工作。 (3)cost指花费时,主语是物。sth. cost sb.(money)表示“某物花了某人多少钱”。如: The dress cost her 185 yuan.这条裙子花了她185元。 (4)spend指花费时,指花时间或金钱,其主语为人。spend(money/time)on sth./(in)doing sth.意为“在(做)某事上花费了多少金钱或时间”。如: Don’t spend too much money on clothes.别把太多的钱花在服装上。 We spent a day in visiting the factory.我们花了一天的时间参观这个工厂。 10.look for,find 两个词都有“找”的意思。look for 强调寻找的过程;find强调找的结果。 11.listen to,hear listen to 和hear 都有“听”的意思。 listen强调听的动作,为不及物动词,与to组成固定搭配; hear强调听的结果。 12.lose,fail,beat,win lose意为“输给某人”,固定搭配为lose to sb.;fail指“失败”或“未做成某事”; beat 意为“打败”,后接sb.或某支队伍; win意为“赢得”,如赢得荣誉、地位、比赛等。 13.lose,forget,leave lose意为“丢失,遗失”; forget 意为“忘记”,“忘记要做某事”为 forget to do sth.; “leave sth.+地点状语”意为“把某物落在某处”。 14.join,take part in,attend 三者都有“参加”的意思。 join一般指加入“党派”或“组织”,如参军、入党等; take part in 指参加大型的活动; attend 一般指出席会议。 15.like,love,enjoy like,love和enjoy三个词作动词,都有“喜欢”的意思,但用法有区别。 (1)like意为“喜欢”“爱好”,指对某人或某事赞许或发生兴趣,并积极参加活动,语气较弱。后接名词、代词、动名词或不定式作宾语。 I like playing football.我喜欢踢足球。 She likes to go to the zoo with me.她喜欢和我一起去动物园。 (2)love意为“爱”,在感情上比like强烈,表示深深地爱或对异性的爱。 We love our country.我们热爱祖国。 Mothers and fathers love their children.父母爱他们的孩子。 (3)enjoy意为“喜爱”“欣赏”“享受”。指对某样东西或某件事情感觉愉快,广泛应用于从外界事物中得到喜悦,领略到乐趣。后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能接不定式。 He still enjoys the changes.他仍然喜欢这些变化。 They enjoy going to the concert.他们喜欢去听音乐会。 16.hope,wish hope和wish都有“希望”的意思,但用法有区别。 (1)hope和wish后均可接动词不定式作宾语。 I hope/wish to go to college.我希望去上大学。 (2)hope和wish后均可接宾语从句。hope表示很有把握实现的愿望;而wish表示无法实现的愿望,从句要用过去时。 We hope that you agree with us.我们希望你同意我们的看法。 I wish I could fly to the moon.但愿我能飞上月球。 (3)hope后不能接“宾语+不定式”,而wish后可以。 (正)I wish her to leave now.我希望她现在离开。 (误)I hope her to leave now. (4)wish可以表示祝愿,但hope不能。 I wish you well and happy.我祝愿你健康快乐。 17.seem, look, appear seem,appear,look这三个词都作连系动词,都可以译作“似乎”或“看上去”。但用法不同。 (1)seem意为“似乎”或“看来”,指说话人以客观迹象为依据的主观的判断。 It seems a rock band plays there every evening.一个摇滚乐队似乎每天晚上在那里演奏。 It seems to me that there is something funny about the case.在我看来这件案子有点滑稽。 (2)look所表示的“看来”指从外表上看,是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的,常常是事实。 His wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse.他的妻子戴着一顶看起来好像一座灯塔的帽子。 This ring looks nice. Is it made of silver?这枚戒指很好看。它是银的吗? (3)appear指给人以表面的印象,而实际上是否如此,则不得而知。 He appears to want to leave.他看起来要走。 It appears that I am wrong.看来是我错了。 (4)seem和appear这两个词之后常常接动词不定式、形容词等作表语,也可以接that或as if从句;而look后常接形容词或介词短语作语。 It seems that he is lying.似乎他在说谎。 That looks like an interesting film.那看来是部有趣的电影。 18.receive,accept (1)receive表示“收到,接到”,指客观上收到,被动地接受。如: I received a Christmas present yesterday.昨天我收到了一份圣诞节礼物。 (2)accept意为“接受”,表示主观上的接受。如: I didn’t accept Jim’s present.我没有接受吉姆的礼物。 动词专项训练 一、填空题 1.The boy fell behind, so he had to run to c　　　 up with his father.  答案　catch　句意:这个男孩落在后面了,所以他不得不跑起来去追赶上他爸爸。本题考查动词短语。catch up with赶上。 2.The engineers are going to t　　　(测试)the self-driving car in our city.  答案　test　be going to后加动词原形,故用test。 3.You’re supposed to 　　　 at the door and wait before entering the office.  答案　knock/stand　句意:在进入办公室之前你应该敲门/站在门口等一下。knock at the door 敲门,stand at the door站在门口。 4.You 　　　(promise) to take our boy to Disneyland last year. Don’t let him down again.  答案　promised 句意:去年你答应过带我们的孩子到迪斯尼乐园玩的。不要再让他失望了。本题考查动词。由last year可知设空处应为一般过去时。 5.The 2022 Beijing Olympic Games 　　　(鼓励)the public to pay attention to winter sports.  答案　encourages　句意:2022年北京奥运会鼓励公众关注冬季运动。设空处的主语是2022年北京奥运会,这是一项赛事,用作第三人称单数,因此设空处使用动词第三人称单数。 6.Please follow the rules. Don’t t　　　(触碰) the photos in the museum.  答案　touch　根据提示可知要填动词。助动词don’t后面要用动词原形。 7.I 　　　(agree) that moms do all the housework. Everyone should share.  答案　disagree　句意:我不同意妈妈们做所有家务。每个人都应该分担。考查动词的反义词。根据句意可知,应填disagree。 8.In our life, we need to　　　(感谢)those people who help us, such as our parents, teachers and friends.  答案　thank　句意:在我们的生活中,我们需要感谢那些帮助我们的人,比如我们的父母、老师和朋友。本题考查动词。 9.—Oh,my God!I　　　 (遗忘)my notebook in my bedroom.  —It doesn’t matter.I’ll lend you mine. 答案　left　句意:——哦,天哪!我把我的笔记本落在卧室里了。——没关系,我会把我的借给你。本题结合动词时态考查动词用法。leave sth.+地点,把某物遗忘在某处;无“forget sth.+地点”结构;把笔记本忘在卧室是说话前发生的动作,应用一般过去时。 10.The company can　　　 (提供)lunch for you if you work there.  答案　provide　句意:如果你在那里工作,公司可以为你提供午餐。本题考查动词。provide提供,它的搭配形式是provide sth. for sb.,或者是provide sb. with sth., 区别于offer“提供”,offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.。 二、单项选择 1.We should 　　　 making a noise in the library.  A.avoid B.prefer C.practise D.enjoy 答案　A　句意:我们应该避免在图书馆制造噪音。本题考查动词词义辨析。avoid 避免;prefer 更喜欢;practise 练习;enjoy 喜欢,享受。由句意可知本题选择A。 2.You’ll have to　　　the books because there aren’t enough for everyone.  A.pack B.sell C.choose D.share 答案　D　句意:你们将不得不共享这些书,因为这些书不够每个人用。本题考查动词词义辨析。pack 打包;sell 出售;choose选择;share分享,共享。故选择D。 3.—Jack, let’s have a picnic after school. —Sorry. I have 　　　 Frank to work on the biology report with him.  A.advised B.expected C.suggested D.promised 答案　D　句意:——杰克,咱们放学以后去野餐吧。——对不起,我已经答应Frank和他一起做生物报告了。本题考查动词词义辨析。advise建议;expect期待;suggest建议;promise承诺。根据句意可知,D项符合题意。 4.—I’m afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. —Don’t worry. I will　　　you then.  A.notice B.allow C.remind D.promise 答案　C　句意:——恐怕下班后我可能会忘记买面包。——不用担心。到时候我会提醒你。本题考查动词的词义辨析。根据句意可知选C。notice注意到;allow允许;promise承诺。 5.—Hey, Jeremy. Tony and I want to　　　the new Italian restaurant tonight. Come with us!  —Why not? A.try B.taste C.choose D.search 答案　A　句意:——嗨,Jeremy。今晚Tony和我想尝试一下新开业的意大利饭馆。和我们一起来吧!——为什么不呢?A.尝试;B.尝,品(味道);C.选择;D.搜寻。本题考查动词词义辨析。根据关键词the new Italian restaurant可知,应该是“尝试”。尝试餐厅,应该用try,而 taste应该是品尝新的菜,所以选A项。 6.When you break the rules, you should 　　　 to your teacher.  A.apologise B.introduce C.expect D.compare 答案　A　句意:当你违反规则时,你应该向你的老师道歉。本题考查动词词义辨析。A项意为“道歉”,B项意为“介绍”,C项意为“期待”,D项意为“比较”。根据句意应选A项。 7.There are so many fish swimming in the pool. They　　　very happy.  A.taste B.smell C.sound D.look 答案　D　句意:池塘里有这么多鱼在游。它们看起来很高兴。本题考查动词词义辨析。taste尝起来;smell闻起来;sound听起来;look看起来。根据句意可知选D项。 8.The plane　　　on the ground for two more hours because of the bad weather.  A.ran B.moved C.shook D.remained 答案　D　句意:因为糟糕的天气,飞机又在地面上停留了两个小时。本题考查动词词义辨析。run跑;move移动;shake摇动;remain停留。根据句意可知选D项。 9.For our own safety, it’s important to 　　　 the traffic rules on the way to school.  A.follow B.change C.make D.break 答案　A　句意:为了我们自己的安全,在上学路上遵守交通规则是重要的。 本题考查动词辨析。follow遵守;change改变;make制造;break打破。根据句意可知答案为A项。 10.—There are dark clouds,and the wind is blowing strongly. —It　　　 that a typhoon is coming.  A.feels B.sounds C.seems D.looks 答案　C　句意:——有乌云,并且风刮得很大。——好像台风要来了。本题考查动词。feel 摸起来;sound 听起来;seem好像;look看起来,根据句意可知答案为C项。 二．常见的易混动词短语辨析 (一)同一动词+不同介词(副词)型 make短语 be made...的结构:be made in+地点,意为“在某地制造”;be made by+人,意为“由(被)某人制造”;be made of+材料(能看出原材料),意为“由某物制成”;be made from+材料(看不出原材料),意为“由某物制成”;be made to do sth.,意为“被迫去做某事” 含有make的短语:make sure务必,make friends with sb.和某人交朋友,make tea泡茶,make the bed铺床,make fun of取笑,make a living谋生,make a mistake犯错误,make up one's mind下定决心,make great progress取得很大的进步,make faces at sb.朝某人做鬼脸, make a decision做决定, make money赚钱, make room (for)...给……腾出地方,make one's way to...往……走去, make it 获得成功;准时到达,make sb. do sth.让或迫使某人做某事 turn短语 turn on打开(灯、自来水、家用电器等),turn off 关掉(灯、自来水、家用电器等),turn down 调低(音量);拒绝,turn up调高(音量);出现;露面;到场,turn into变成,turn over把……翻过来,turn out证明是;结果是,turn in上交 come短语 come along出现;快点,come back=be back回来,come down下来;下降;跌价,come from=be from来自,come on赶快;加油,come in进来,come out出来;出版,come over顺便来访,come true实现;达到,come up走过来;发生,come up with提出,come across(无意中)遇到 go短语 go for a walk 散步,go home回家,go on继续,go on with/go on doing sth. 继续做某事,go on to do sth.继续/接着做另一件事,go to school上学,go shopping/skating去购物/去滑冰,go to bed睡觉,go over复习,go to sleep去睡觉,go through通过;仔细查看,go back回去,go ahead 前进;进行,go in for参加;从事于,go up上升,go sightseeing去观光旅行,go out外出;到外面,go abroad出国 put短语 put away放好;收起来,put down放下;记下,put off推迟;拖延,put on穿上;演出,put out熄灭,put up张贴;建造;举起(手),put...into English把……译成英语 look短语 look at看,look after=take care of照顾;照看,look around 四处看看,look like看起来像,look the same看起来一样,look for寻找,look out=take care小心;留意;注意,look out of从……向外看,look up抬头看;仰视;查阅,look on...as把……看作,look over仔细检查,look forward to期待;期盼,have a look瞧一瞧,看一看(look是名词) be短语 be able to能;会,be born in 出生于,be different from和……不同,be good at 在……方面(学得)好;擅长……,be good (bad) for对……有益(害),be fond of喜欢……,be in hospital 生病住院,be busy doing/with sth.忙于做某事,be afraid of 害怕……, be angry with对……生气,be amazed at对……感到惊奇,be covered with/by被……覆盖,be excited about对……感到兴奋,be famous for 以……闻名,be famous as作为……而闻名,be fed up with对……感到厌恶,be full of充满了……,be interested in对……感兴趣,be late for迟到,be satisfied/pleased with对……感到满意,be proud of以……为自豪,be used for被用作,be ready to do sth.准备做某事,be ready for为……做准备 take短语 take a walk 散步,take away 拿走;夺去,take a train (a bus) 乘火车(公共汽车),take good care of (相当于look after...well) 好好照料,take down 取下,take exercise 运动,take off 脱去(衣帽等);(飞机)起飞,take out 拿出;取出,take one's time不急;慢慢来,take turns 替换;轮流,take one's temperature 量体温,take a picture (photo) 照相,take a rest 休息一下,take medicine 吃药,take an active part in积极参加,take a seat就座;坐下,take a message捎口信,take charge of 负责;掌管,take hold of抓住,take the place of代替,take place发生,take up占据 keep短语 keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事,keep away from避开;不接近, keep sb. from(doing sth.)...阻止某人(做某事……),keep out挡住,keep off 不接近;让开,keep to遵守;信守,keep up维持,keep up with sb./ sth.跟上某人/某物 think短语 think of想到;想起;考虑到,think about考虑,think over仔细考虑,think through全面考虑,think out想出;想清楚 (二)不同动词+同一介词(副词)型 含有for的短语 look for, make room for, be famous/well-known for, send for, be late for, be /get ready for, prepare for, take a message for, pay for, have sth. for breakfast/lunch/supper, stand for, buy sth. for, be good for, ask for, leave for, wait for, answer for, be used for, care for 含有at的短语 be good at, work hard at, knock at, laugh at, fire at, point at, aim at, shout at, throw...at..., be angry at, be surprised at, be poor at, arrive at, look at, be amazed at 含有away的短语 be away, go away, get away, wash away, put away, throw away, take away, keep away 含有on的短语 call on, concentrate on, rely on, decide on, come on, get on, go on, go on with sth., get on with, turn on, walk on, try on, depend on, put on, look on...as, operate on, spend...on..., hold on 动词短语专项训练 1.If you want to join the Music Club, 　　　 the form, please.  A.go out B.fill out C.get up D.warm up 答案　B　句意:如果你想参加音乐俱乐部,请填写这个表格。本题考查动词短语辨析。go out 出去;fill out 填写;get up 起床;warm up 热身。根据句意可知答案为B。 2.Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and 　　　 which university is the best for her to attend.  A.put out B.stay out C.find out D.run out 答案　C　句意:Tina来到中国是为了体验中国文化,并弄清楚她最适合上哪所大学。本题考查动词短语。put out扑灭;stay out待在外面;find out弄清楚,找出;run out耗尽。and连接了Tina来中国的两个目的,一是体验中国文化,二是弄清楚最适合自己的学校,故选C项。 3.Would you please 　　　 the light? I can’t sleep well with it on.  A.turn on B.turn off C.turn to D.turn around 答案　B　句意:你能把灯关了吗?灯开着我睡不好。本题考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开;turn off关掉;turn to转向,求助于;turn around转身。根据常识,睡觉时应该关灯。故选B项。 4.Some animals can　　　the color around to protect themselves.  A.take on B.give up C.put away D.see off 答案　A　句意:一些动物可以呈现出和周围环境一样的颜色来保护自己。本题考查动词短语。根据题意可知,动物保护自己的手段之一是用保护色,即用身边环境的颜色来伪装。take on呈现出;give up放弃;put away把……收好;see...off为……送行。 5.Can you help me　　　the pen? It’s under your chair.  A.ask for B.look for C.pick up D.put up 答案　C　句意:你能帮我捡起那支钢笔吗?它在你的椅子下面。本题考查动词短语辨析。A选项意为“请求;要求”;B选项意为“寻找”;C选项意为“拾起;捡起”;D选项意为“张贴”。由句意可知本题选择C。 6.John 　　　 the TV and helped his mother with the housework.  A.turned off B.heard from C.joined in D.looked after 答案　A　句意:约翰关掉电视,帮妈妈做家务。本题考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“关掉”,B项意为“收到……来信”,C项意为“参加”,D项意为“照看”。根据句意应选A项。 7.No one can be right all the time. When people make mistakes, we shouldn’t　　　them.  A.wait for B.send for C.knock at D.laugh at 答案　D　句意:没有人一直都对。当人们犯错误时,我们不应该嘲笑他们。本题考查动词短语。wait for等候;send for派人去请;knock at 敲击;laugh at 嘲笑。根据句意可知选D项。 8.Don’t know where your kids are in the house?Turn off the Internet and they’ll　　　quickly.  A.get up B.stand up C.show up D.hurry up 答案　C　句意:不知道你的孩子们在房子里的哪个地方?关闭网络,他们很快就会出现了。本题考查动词词组辨析。get up起床;stand up站立;show up出现;hurry up赶快。根据语境可知选C项。 9.—Song Joong-ki is a movie star in Asia now. —That􀆳s true. He was once an excellent skater but had to　　　skating because of an accident.  A.give up B.go on C.take up 答案　A　句意:——宋仲基现在是亚洲的电影明星。——没错。他曾经是一名优秀的滑冰运动员,但因为一次事故不得不放弃滑冰。本题考查动词短语。give up放弃;go on 继续;take up从事,占据。根据句意可知答案为A项。 10.Almost every university now has a website which allows us to　　　the information about it.  A.look at B.look after C.look around D.look through 答案　D　句意:现在几乎每一所大学都有一个网站,允许我们浏览关于这个大学的信息。本题考查动词词组的辨析。look at 看;look after照顾;look around环顾四周;look through浏览。根据句意可知D项正确。 11.A true friend will never 　　　 from you when you’re in trouble.  A.take away B.run away C.put off D.get off 答案　B　句意:真正的朋友不会在你陷入困境时弃你而逃。本题考查动词短语辨析。take away带走;run away逃离;put off推迟;get off下车。根据句意可知选B。 12.Bob is taking the desks away because they 　　　 too much room.  A.stand up B.pick up C.take up D.listen up 答案　C　句意:Bob正在把桌子搬出去因为它们太占地方了。本题考查动词词组辨析。stand up起立;pick up拾起;take up占据;listen up注意听。根据句意可知选C项。 13.They all　　　 Laura about building a museum here.  A.waited for B.handed in C.agreed with D.knocked at 答案　C　句意:他们都同意Laura在这里建一个博物馆的意见。考查动词短语辨析。wait for等候;hand in上交;agree with同意,持一致意见;knock at敲。根据句意可知应选C。 14.Sportsmen wanted to arrive earlier so that they could have time to　　　 before the race.  A.warm up B.hurry up C.get up D.give up 答案　A　句意:运动员们想早点到以便他们在比赛之前可以有时间做准备活动。本题考查动词词组辨析。warm up 做准备活动,热身;hurry up 快点;get up 起床;give up 放弃。根据句意可知应选A。 15.—Do you know our new manager? —Yes.He　　　 to be a friend of my brother.  A.turns up B.turns on C.turns out D.turns off 答案　C　句意:——你认识我们的新经理吗?——是的,他原来是我哥哥的一个朋友。本题考查动词短语辨析。turn up出现,露面;turn on打开;turn off关上;turn out原来是,证明是,结果是,符合题意。故选C项。 动词及动词短语综合训练 一．基础训练 A.单句语法填空1 1.When you speak English, you should pay more attention to your 　 　(pronounce).  2.Could you please tell me how to become a good 　 　(speak), Mr.Li?   3.The bad smell came from the 　 　(die) fish by the river.  4.I saw a cat 　 　(lie) on the road this morning.  5.A Chinese-English dictionary is 　 　(help) in learning English.  6.There is a(n) 　 　(introduce) about our school in that magazine.  7.Jane, you look so 　 　(sleep).Stop working and go to bed now.  8.These are some useful 　 　(express).You should memorize them.  9.The 　 　(discover) of Columbus was quite a great event in the world.  10.I am old enough to make my own 　 　(decide).  11.It 　 　(take) me two hours to get there by bus last weekend.  12.I 　 　(spend) half an hour on my homework yesterday.  13.It is raining.　 　(take) the raincoat with you when you go out.  14.I can lend you my dictionary, but you can 　 　 (keep) it for only a week.  15.Dr.White can 　 　(speak) French very well.  16.The man doesn't know how to 　 　 (translate) this word into English.  17.We'll go to 　 　 (see) a film instead of 　 　(read) a book in bed.  18.When we 　 　(get) to the railway station, the train had already left.  19.I　 　 (listen) to the teacher, but I heard nothing because I was thinking about my trip.  20.We 　 　 (feel) excited when the football match was over.  1.pronunciation 　2.speaker 　3.dead　4.lying　5.helpful6.introduction　7.sleepy　8.expressions　9.discovery　10.decisions　11.took　12.spent　13.Take　14.keep　15.speak　16.translate　17.see　reading　18.got　19.listened　20.felt B.单句语法填空2 1．You have no ________（choose） but to accept his ____________（invite）. 2．You need to lead a __________（balance）life to stay healthy and happy. 3．We need to work harder to remain ______________（compete） with other companies. 4.My biggest dream in life is to be a great football player. I believe that I ________________（achieve） my dream when I grow up. More importantly, I've become much more confident about myself. 5．When the summer________（pass）, they'll weigh themselves again to see how many pounds they have lost during the hot season. 6.There is a wallet ______（lie） on the ground. Is it yours, Andy? 7．They can see the ____________（begin）, the middle and the end of the project. 8.In the past, they ________________（do） everything they liked, but now they have to spend most of their time on the study. 9.“What's wrong with her?” one boy said. “Maybe she____________（not read） at all!” said another student. 10.As the saying goes, “A true friend reaches for your hand and________（touch） your heart.” 11．Zheng He ____ a Ming Dynasty explorer that we Chinese people are proud of. 1．choice； invitation2．balanced3．competitive4．will achieve5．passes6．lying7．beginning8．did/could do 9．can't read10．touches11．was C.语篇填空 A When my sister Gina was born, she had a problem with her heart. She was weak after a long illness and had to go to the hospital very often. She had trouble walking, playing with other children, and going to school. Our parents wanted to take Gina to a special place in Florida and hoped Gina could 1 with dolphins（海豚）. When Gina knew it, she was worried because she didn’t know whether it was easy to be around dolphins. When we got to Florida, we couldn’t wait to 2 the place. Kids who had special needs like Gina could come and 3 time with dolphins. I thought it was going to be a vacation, but it wasn’t. Gina had to work hard every day for a week. However, the trip was amazing. Gina 4 and clapped（鼓掌） when she saw the dolphins. One of the dolphins squeaked（尖叫） happily to 5 her. They swam together all day. Gina was able to move her body more than she usually did at home. Mum and Dad were proud of Gina. I was, too. 1．A. draw B. cook C. swim 2．A. clean B. invent C. visit 3．A. take B. spend C. pay 4．A. locked B. laughed C. escaped 5．A. hurt B. punish C. welcome [答案]1．C2．C3．B4．B5．C [解析] 1．draw画画；cook烹饪；swim游泳。由最后一段第四句“They swam together all day.”可知，这里表示吉娜可以与海豚一起游泳。故选C。 2．clean清扫；invent发明；visit参观。根据第二段第一句中的“Our parents wanted to take Gina to a special place in Florida”可知，“我们”要参观这个地方。故选C。 3．根据第二段最后一句的be around dolphins及最后一段第四句“They swam together all day.”可知，像吉娜这样有特殊需求的孩子可以来与海豚共度时光。take表示“花费”时，常用于句型“it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”;spend的主语通常为人，用于“sb. spend some time/some money （in） doing sth.”或“sb. spend some time/some money on sth.”结构;pay的主语通常为人，但主要表示付钱。故选B。 4．lock锁住；laugh大笑；escape逃脱。此处表示吉娜看到海豚时大笑着鼓掌。故选B。 5．hurt受伤；punish惩罚；welcome欢迎。结合语境和空前的happily可知，此处表示其中一个海豚高兴地尖叫着欢迎她。故选C。 B Bella arrived home late from school that day. When she walked past her mother’s room she found her mum was still in bed, and seemed to be very weak. Bella entered her room and heard the cries from her little sister. She knew her dad would expect her to 1 her sister. And she also had to 2 meals for the whole family as her mum did before. Bella thought it was not fair because she also had schoolwork to do, just like everyone else in her class. Why did she have to be the grown-up? When she got out of the room, she saw her dad sitting at the kitchen table, lonely and tired. Suddenly, something happened inside Bella. She 3 that her father, as well as a husband, must be really worried. Then she heard a deep voice from her father, “Make the dinner, will you, Bella?” She was going to find an excuse to 4 her friends, but she stopped and said to herself, “It is a hard time for everyone in our family. I guess making meals is just what I can do to help.” Then she quietly went into the kitchen and began peeling（削） potatoes. “OK, Daddy,” said Bella. “Everything will be all right and we can 5 .” At that moment, she saw a smile on her father’s face. She felt different—grown-up, somehow. It was really good to 6 a smile to her father’s face, even for only a moment. “Daddy, whatever happens, we will be OK. Right?” “Yes, we will. If we 7 each other, we’ll always be all right.” They both 8 at each other over the table. 1．A. look for B. look after C. look over 2．A. play B. practice C. prepare 3．A. explained B. expected C. realized 4．A. take B. meet C. thank 5．A. manage B. decide C. forget 6．A. bring B. keep C. turn 7．A. refuse B. control C. support 8．A. laughed B. smiled C. saw [答案]1．B2．C3．C4．B5．A6．A7．C8．B [解析] 1．look for寻找；look after照顾；look over仔细检查。结合第一段第二句的“she found her mum was still in bed”和此处的语境可知，爸爸期待她能照顾妹妹，故选B。 2．play玩耍；practice练习；prepare准备。由后文的“as her mum did before”可知，此处表示她得像她妈妈以前那样为全家人准备饭菜。prepare...for...为……准备……，故选C。 3．explain解释；expect期待；realize意识到。根据上一句中的“something happened inside Bella”可知，她意识到她的父亲，同时也是一位丈夫，一定非常担心。故选C。 4．结合第二段最后两句可知Bella认为这很不公平，她为什么必须当大人，她本来不想做饭，所以她打算找个借口去见她的朋友。故选B。 5．manage设法做成。根据“Everything will be all right”可知，此处指“我们”能够想方设法渡过难关。故选A。 6．bring带来；keep保持；turn转动。根据语境及前面的“she saw a smile on her father’s face”可知，此处指给爸爸的脸上带来一丝微笑真是太好了，故选A。 7．refuse拒绝；control控制；support支持。根据下文“we’ll always be all right”可知，此处表示如果“我们”互相支持，“我们”就会好的。故选C。 8．句意：他们俩隔着桌子相视一笑。根据倒数第四段的第三句“At the moment, she saw a smile on her father’s face.”及语境可知，此处指Bella与爸爸相视一笑，此时的笑应为微笑，故选B。 二．中考真题训练 1. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems _________ be cured. A. can B. must C. should D. need 【答案】A 【解析】句意：现代医学发展迅速，现在大多数眼部问题都可以治愈。 考查情态动词。can能够；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“most eye problems…be cured”可知，此处指眼部问题能够被治愈，强调能够、能力，应用can。故选A。 2. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）The movie Chang An _________ China’s rich history and culture to people around the world. A. protects B. compares C. introduces D. discovers 【答案】C 【解析】句意：电影《长安三万里》向世界人民介绍中国丰富的历史文化。 考查动词辨析。protects保护；compares比较；introduces介绍；discovers发现。根据“China’s rich history and culture to people around the world.”可知这部电影向世界人民介绍中国丰富的历史文化。故选C。 3. （2024·江苏省连云港市·中考真题）To live a green life, we should remember to _________ the lights when we leave a room. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 【答案】B 【解析】句意：为了过绿色生活，我们离开房间时应该记得关灯。 考查动词短语。turn on打开；turn off关闭；turn up调高（音量）；turn down调低（音量）。根据“To live a green life”及“the lights when we leave a room”可知，为了环保，离开房间时应该关灯。故选B。 4. （2024·江苏省扬州市·中考真题）Many think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really ________ anything. A. look for B. stand for C. pay for D. try for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：许多人认为SOS是“拯救我们的船”的缩写，但它实际上并不代表任何东西。 考查动词短语。look for寻找；stand for代表；pay for支付；try for尝试。根据“Many think SOS is short for ‘save our ship’”可知，此处介绍SOS代表的含义，应用stand for。故选B。 5. （2024·四川成都·统考中考真题）Having an ice-cream in the hot summer ________ be cool. A. must B. need C. can’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在炎热的夏天吃冰淇淋一定很凉爽。 考查情态动词。must一定；need需要；can’t不可能。根据“Having an ice-cream in the hot summer…be cool.”可知，在炎热的夏天吃冰淇淋一定是凉爽的，此处表肯定推测，应用must。故选A。 6. （2024·四川达州市·中考真题）—Coco, I can’t understand the meaning of this word. —You’d better ________ the word in your dictionary. A. look for B. look up C. look after 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——可可，我不明白这个词的意思。——你最好在字典里查一下这个词。 考查动词短语辨析。look for寻找；look up查找；look after照顾。根据“You’d better ... the word in your dictionary.”可知，在字典里查一下这个词。故选B。 7. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—There are some after-school clubs in our school. You can ________ between the Music Club and the Food and Drink Club. —I prefer the Food and Drink Club, for I can learn more life skills. A. avoid B. choose C. hide 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我们学校有一些课外俱乐部。你可以在音乐俱乐部和餐饮俱乐部之间进行选择。——我更喜欢餐饮俱乐部，因为我可以学到更多的生活技能。 考查动词辨析。avoid避免；choose选择；hide隐藏。根据“You can ... between the Music Club and the Food and Drink Club.”可知，可以在两个俱乐部之间进行选择，故选B。 8. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—People ________ wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules. —Yes. Or they will be punished. A. must B. can C. may 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——根据交通规则，人们骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。——是的。否则他们将受到惩罚。 考查动词辨析。must必须；can可以；may也许。根据“People ... wear helmets (头盔) when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.”可知，戴头盔是交通规则，必须遵守，故选A。 9. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I ________ Mike on Monday. He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter. —Do we accept his invitation? We haven’t met him for 3 years. A. heard from B. came from C. suffered from 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我星期一收到迈克的信。他在信中邀请我们参观他的家乡。——我们接受他的邀请吗？我们有三年没见过他了。 考查动词短语辨析。heard from收到某人的来信；came from来自；suffered from遭受。根据“He invited us to visit his hometown in his letter.”可知，是迈克的来信，故选A。 10. （2024·四川乐山·中考真题）The composer who created Learn from the Role Model Lei Feng (《学习雷锋好榜样》) didn’t ______ the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years. A. expect B. allow C. receive 【答案】A 【解析】句意：创作《学习雷锋好榜样》的作曲家没想到这首歌会被许多人欣赏60多年。 考查动词辨析。expect料想；allow允许；receive接收。根据“The composer…didn’t…the song would be enjoyed by many people for more than 60 years”可知，是指作曲家没想到这首歌会被许多人欣赏60多年。故选A。 11. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Ruby, when did your father go out? —I’m not sure, but he ______ go too far. His tea is still hot. A. can’t B. must C. might 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——鲁比，你爸爸什么时候出去的？——我不确定，但他不可能走得太远。他的茶还热着。 考查情态动词。can’t不可能；must一定；might可能。根据“His tea is still hot.”可知，茶还是热的，说明他不可能走太远，表否定推测，用can’t。故选A。 12. （2024·四川凉山·中考真题）______! It’s not a big deal. Just believe yourself and everything will be OK. A. Give up B. Cheer up C. Stay up 【答案】B 【解析】句意：振作起来！这没什么大不了的。只要相信自己，一切都会好起来的。 考查动词短语。Give up放弃；Cheer up振作起来；Stay up熬夜。根据“It’s not a big deal. Just believe yourself and everything will be OK.”可知，此处是鼓励对方，让其振作起来。故选B。 13. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）When you ________ Mamianqun (horse-face skirt), you will sense the beauty of China’s traditional clothing. A. turn on B. get on C. put on D. depend on 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当你穿上马面裙时，你会感受到中国传统服饰的美。 考查动词短语。turn on打开；get on上车；put on穿上；depend on依靠。根据“Mamianqun (horse-face skirt)”可知，此处指“穿上”马面裙。故选C。 14. （2024·四川泸州市·中考真题）—Rebecca, have you decided what to do this Saturday? —Not yet I ______ volunteer at the old people’s home. A. may B. must C. should D. would 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——Rebecca，你决定这个星期六做什么了吗？——还没有。我可能会在敬老院做志愿者。 考查情态动词辨析。may可能；must一定；should应该；would将。根据“Not yet”及“volunteer at the old people’s home”可知，还没有做决定，在敬老院做志愿者只是一种可能性，故选A。 15. （2024·四川遂宁市·中考真题）—Tina, is that our math teacher Mr. Wang? —It ________ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to Beijing. A. must B. mustn’t C. can’t D. can 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——蒂娜，那是我们的数学老师王老师吗？——一定不是王老师。他去北京了。 考查情态动词。must一定；mustn’t表禁止；can’t不可能；can可以，能够。根据“He has gone to Beijing.”可知，王老师去北京了，所以那不可能是他，此处表否定推测，应用can’t。故选C。 16. （2024·四川雅安市·中考真题）—Is that your friend Laura over there? —No, it ____________ be Laura. She has gone to Shenzhen. A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. can’t 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——那边是你的朋友劳拉吗？——不，不可能是她。她去深圳了。 考查情态动词。must一定；mustn’t表禁止；can能够；can’t不可能。根据“She has gone to Shenzhen.”可知，劳拉去深圳了，所以那个人一定不是她。此处表否定推测，用can’t。故选D。 17. （2024·四川自贡市·中考真题）—I didn’t pass the exam again. What should I do? —Don’t ________. You’ll succeed sooner or later. A. give up B. give back C. give away 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我考试又没及格。我该怎么办？——不要放弃。你迟早会成功的。 考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃；give back归还；give away赠送。根据“You’ll succeed sooner or later”可知，此处是安慰对方不要放弃，故选A。 18. （2024·天津·中考真题）We _________ the books to the library after we read them. A. returned B. pointed C. waved D. caught 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们看完书后把书还给了图书馆。考查动词辨析return归还；point指向；wave挥手；catch抓住。根据“the books to the library after we read them.”可知，书看完后还给了图书馆，故选A。 19. （2024·云南省·中考真题）The students worked in groups to ________ the difficult problem in the math class. A. work out B. turn down C. cut off D. worry about 【答案】A 【解析】句意：学生们分组算出数学课上的难题。考查动词短语。work out计算出；turn down拒绝；cut off切断；worry about担心。根据“the difficult problem in the math class”可知，此处指计算出难题。故选A。 三．中考模拟训练 A.根据下列句子及所给首字母或汉语注释，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。 1．[2024杭州一模]In a lot of western stories, dragons are usually the troublemakers. They are big, breathe fire and often f____ with heroes. [答案]fight [解析]根据“dragons are usually the troublemakers”可知，龙总制造问题，再结合首字母提示可知空处指与英雄争斗，fight符合语境，fight with sb.表示“与某人争斗”。时态为一般现在时，主语为They，故填fight。 2．[2024杭州一模]Success usually r________ a lot of effort and hard work, as well as a little luck. [答案]requires [解析]根据语境和首字母可知，成功通常需要很多努力。require“需要”符合语境。根据空前的usually可知，时态为一般现在时，主语Success为不可数名词。故填requires。 3．[2024宁波二模]Ningbo automatic test of listening and speaking is ____（举行） in March every year. [答案]held [解析]hold“举行”，hold与主语test之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填held。 4．[2024杭州一模]As we all know, the heart ______（跳） faster when you run or exercise. [答案]beats [解析]根据空前的heart和中文提示可知，beat“（心脏）跳动”符合语境。根据“As we all know”可知，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语the heart为第三人称单数，故填beats。 5．[2024宁波一模]Since the reform（改革） and opening up, China ________________（develop） rapidly. [答案]has developed [解析]由标志词Since可知时态为现在完成时；主语China为单数，故填has developed。 6．[2024台州二模]Today Tai chi has been a national treasure of China and has been widely ____________（respect） as the wisdom of traditional Chinese culture. [答案]respected [解析]根据空前的has been可知句子为现在完成时的被动语态，设空处应填动词的-ed形式。故填respected。 7．[2023绍兴二模改编]People are praising Samelyn Lafuente highly because she tried hard to make sure of the happiness of the young students, even if it meant ________（pay） for everything out of her own pocket. [答案]paying [解析]mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。故填paying。 B.词汇运用 1.(2023苏州高新区一模)The hero who saved my life was 　　　　(描述) as short and dark， and aged about fifty.  答案　described　“描述”用describe来表示，此处用被动语态，时态为一般过去时。故填described。 2.(2023苏州工业园区一模) The world⁃famous football player Messi finally 　　　　(带领)his team to victory.  答案　led　“带领”用lead来表示，根据副词finally可知，该动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，故填led。 3.(2023扬州江都一模) The little boy was 　　　　(抚养) in the countryside by his grandparents.  答案　raised　“抚养”用raise来表示，句子是被动语态，此空应用raise的过去分词，be raised by sb.表示“由某人抚养长大”。故填raised。 4.(2023苏州工业园区二模) —Kay， this is Steven. —Yes， I know. We’ve already i　　　　 ourselves to each other.  答案　introduced　根据“Yes， I know.”可知，两人已经认识，由此推测两人已经互相介绍过了，introduce oneself意为“自我介绍”，由We’ve already可知，本句时态为现在完成时，空处用动词的过去分词形式。故填introduced。 5.(2022南京玄武一模)Many people once 　　　　　(料想) that this event would be one of the most successful one in history. Now it turns out to be true.  答案　supposed　考查动词。suppose意为“料想”，根据空前的once可知，应填suppose的过去式supposed。 6.(2022扬州江都一模)Our geography teacher told us everything 　　　　　(称重) more on the earth than on the moon.  答案　weighs　考查动词。根据句子结构可知，told us后是一个省略引导词that的宾语从句，从句内容是客观真理，用一般现在时，不定代词everything作从句主语，谓语动词用单数，故填weighs。 7.(2022扬州邗江一模)I have never 　　　　　(后悔) the decision to be a volunteer teacher in the west of China.  答案　regretted　考查动词。根据“have never”可知，时态用现在完成时，后悔“regret”的过去分词形式是“regretted”。故填regretted。 8.(2022苏州张家港适应性考试)At the class meeting yesterday， the teacher 　　　　　(表扬) John for the progress he made.  答案　praised　考查动词。praise表扬，结合“yesterday”可知，此处用其过去式，故填praised。 C.用方框中所给词汇的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 solve remain clean up bring 1．[2024湖州二模改编]In some places, people make a special kind of rice wine, which ________ the body warmth on cold days. 2．[2024杭州一模]Whatever happens, I believe all problems can ____________. 3．[2024杭州一模]Although people have studied Stonehenge for centuries, it still ________ a mystery. 4．[2022温州二模]In China, people usually __________ their houses to sweep away bad luck before the Spring Festival. [答案]1．brings2．be solved3．remains4．clean up [解析] 1．句意：在一些地方，人们酿制一种特殊的米酒，这种米酒在寒冷的日子里给身体带来温暖。根据语境可知，设空处表示“带来”，bring符合语境。空处是定语从句的谓语，先行词为a special kind of rice wine，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。 2．根据空前的problems和备选词可知，solve“解决”符合语境。solve与主语problems为被动关系，空前有情态动词can，故填be solved。 3．句意：虽然人们已经研究巨石阵几个世纪了，它依然是个谜。根据语境可知，应选remain“仍然是”。设空处所在句是陈述一般事实，用一般现在时；句子主语it为第三人称单数，故填remains。 D.完形填空 A （2024杭州模拟改编） Oleita, an African-American student and environmentalist, lives in Detroit, the US. She thinks she may 1 the way to solve two problems: litter and poverty（贫穷）. It's called the Chip Bag Project. She is encouraging chip lovers to 2 their empty chip bags rather than throw them away. So she 3 turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless. Oleita came up with the idea when she 4 a woman who was showing people how to put chip bags together to make sleeping bags in English on Facebook. And then she decided to use that video as a blueprint to start the Chip Bag Project. Certainly, it would be simpler to 5 money to buy new sleeping bags. But helping the homeless is only half the goal for Oleita and her fellow volunteers. “We are making an influence not only socially, but environmentally,” she says. It shows that poverty and pollution often go hand in hand. As Oleita says, “I think it's time to show the connection between all of these things.” 1．A. ask B. find C. learn D. bring 2．A. give away B. put up C. take out D. hand in 3．A. may B. must C. should D. can 4．A. came out B. came on C. came across D. came from 5．A. rise B. raise C. lend D. borrow [答案]1．B2．A3．D4．C5．B [解析] 2．give away捐赠；put up张贴；take out取出；hand in提交。根据空后的rather than throw them away可知，此处表示捐赠空的薯片袋。故选A。 B [2024湖南联考改编]Cui Chenxi, a 14-year-old skateboarder, became China’s youngest player who 1 the first place in the Asian Games in 2023. She won the women’s street game during the Asian Games in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. This gold medal（奖牌） means a lot to Cui Chenxi. She said, “This is the first time I have 2 the Asian Games, so it is very important. I really want to win this competition.” When asked if she was nervous before the competition, she 3 her head and said, “No. My dad told me to stay relaxed and enjoy the competition. As long as I 4 my best, I have no regrets.” Cui Chenxi 5 skateboarding when she was three years old. Cui said, “I clearly remember the day I 6 onto the board for the first time. It felt very smooth, and I fell in love with it at first sight.” Most of the time, getting hurt is just part of this sport, and she just pushes through it and never 7 . Cui is the future of Team China! 1．A. lost B. won C. kept 2．A. taken part in B. taken off C. taken in 3．A. touched B. nodded C. shook 4．A. try B. learn C. pay 5．A. made up B. took up C. put up 6．A. stopped B. shopped C. stepped 7．A. goes over B. sets out C. gives up [答案]1．B2．A3．C4．A5．B6．C7．C [解析] 1．根据下文的“She won the women’s street game”及空后的“the first place”可知是获得了第一名。故选B。 2．句意：这是我第一次参加亚运会，所以它很重要。take part in参加；take off 脱掉，起飞；take in吸收，领会。故选A。 3．根据“No.”可知，当被问及比赛前是否紧张时，她摇摇头。故选C。 4．此处表示只要“我”尽力，“我”就不会后悔。try one’s best 尽某人最大努力。故选A。 5．此处指崔宸曦三岁开始学滑板。make up编造；take up开始从事，学着做；put up张贴。根据下文“skateboarding when she was three years old”可知她三岁时开始学滑板。故选B。 6．此处表示“我”清楚地记得“我”第一次踏上滑板的那一天。stop停止；shop购物；step踏上。故选C。 7．根据“she just pushes through it and never”可知，她奋力拼搏，永不放弃。go over仔细检查；set out出发；give up放弃。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$