专题微练7 推理判断题——文章出处题(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2025年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

专题微练7　推理判断题——文章出处题 [对应学生用书P153] A (2023—2024·云南大理联考) Volunteers Wanted：Caring Rides CareGivers is seeking volunteers for its Caring Rides program，serving homebound seniors (居家老人) in New Hampshire. Volunteering is easy，and we offer flexible opportunities built around your schedule，whether you volunteer once a week，once a month or on an as­needed basis. Volunteers need to drive seniors to medical appointments，dental visits or a drugstore.Sometimes，you need to shop for them or run errands(差事) on behalf of individuals.Taking a client on a round­trip usually takes an hour of your time，and our requirements are that you have a car，valid driver's license and a friendly attitude. For hundreds of seniors in New Hampshire，doing something as simple as getting to a medical appointment or picking up medication at a local drugstore is a necessity—but sadly，not an option.Most live alone，and cannot drive or access reliable transportation.They rely on our network of volunteers.But more than 200 seniors across the area are on waiting lists to receive these services，many of whom have to cancel doctor appointments and have difficulties gaining adequate access to the food they need.That's where YOU can come in. You Truly Make a Difference in the Life of a Local Senior For these seniors，our network of volunteers is their lifeline.While providing a ride for a senior in need may seem like a small task，it's significant and life­changing for those we serve： •You can help them avoid common feelings of isolation and loneliness they have. •You can ensure they maintain access to medical needs，food and other essentials key to their physical health，emotional well­being and overall quality of life. •You can make them realize that they can age in a dignified manner inside their homes for as long as possible. To sign up，simply fill out the contact form on this page and we will be in touch with you the next steps! [语篇解读]　应用文。文章是一则招募Caring Rides志愿者的广告。 1．Which of the following services should volunteers offer to homebound seniors? A．Cooking meals for them. B．Doing business with them. C．Taking them to see a doctor. D．Spending some time with them. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Volunteers need to drive seniors to medical appointments，dental visits or a drugstore.”可知，志愿者应该带老人去看医生。故选C。 2．What question is answered in paragraph 4? A．Why do few seniors own a private vehicle? B．Why does CareGivers need more volunteers? C.Why do many seniors want to join CareGivers? D．Why does CareGivers start its Caring Rides program? 解析　B　主旨大意题。根据第四段中“For hundreds of seniors in New Hampshire，doing something as simple as getting to a medical appointment or picking up medication at a local drugstore is a necessity—but sadly，not an option.Most live alone，and cannot drive or access reliable transportation.They rely on our network of volunteers.”可知，本段说明了为什么CareGivers需要更多的志愿者。故选B。 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A newspaper. B．A TV program. C．CareGivers' website. D．CareGivers' brochure. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段“CareGivers is seeking volunteers for its Caring Rides program，serving homebound seniors (居家老人) in New Hampshire.”和最后一段“To sign up，simply fill out the contact form on this page and we will be in touch with you the next steps！”可以推知，本文来自CareGivers网站。故选C。 B (2024·河北石家庄模拟)Many parents confused by how their children shop or socialize，would feel undisturbed by how they are taught — this sector remains digitally behind.Can artificial intelligence boost the digital sector of classroom？ChatGPT­like generative AI is generating excitement for providing personalized tutoring to students.By May，New York had let the bot back into classrooms. Learners are accepting the technology.Two­fifths of undergraduates surveyed last year by online tutoring company Chegg reported using an AI chatbot to help them with their studies，with half of those using it daily.Chegg's chief executive told investors it was losing customers to ChatGPT as a result of the technology's popularity.Yet there are good reasons to believe that education specialists who harness AI will eventually win over generalists such as Open AI and other tech firms eyeing the education business. For one，AI chat bots have a bad habit of producing nonsense.“Students want content from trusted providers，” argues Kate Edwards from a textbook publisher.Her company hasn't allowed ChatGPT and other AIs to use its material，but has instead used the content to train its own models into its learning apps.Besides，teaching isn't merely about giving students an answer，but about presenting it in a way that helps them learn.Charbots must also be tailored to different age groups to avoid either cheating or infantilizing (使婴儿化) students. Bringing AI to education won't be easy.Many teachers are behind the learning curve.Less than a fifth of British educators surveyed by Pearson last year reported receiving training on digital learning tools.Tight budgets at many institutions will make selling new technology an uphill battle.Teachers' attention may need to shift towards motivating students and instructing them on how to best work with AI tools.If those answers can be provided，it's not just companies that stand to benefit.An influent in a paper from 1984 found that one­to­one tutoring improved the average academic performance of students.With the learning of students，especially those from poorer households，held back，such a development would certainly deserve top marks. [语篇解读]　说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在教育行业的应用与限制，及其未来在教育行业的发展。 4．What do many parents think remains untouched by AI about their children? A．Their shopping habits. B．Their social behavior. C．Their classroom learning. D．Their interest in digital devices. 解析　C　细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Many parents confused by how their children shop or socialize，would feel undisturbed by how they are taught—this sector remains digitally behind.”可知，很多父母对于孩子接受教育的方式没有感到担忧，因为在课堂学习这一领域，数字化仍然很落后。故选C。 5．What does the underlined word “harness” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Develop. B．Use. C．Prohibit. D．Blame. 解析　B　词句猜测题。画线词所在部分“who harness AI”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词education specialists，结合下文“will eventually win over generalists such as Open AI and other tech firms eyeing the education business” 可推知，教育专家要利用AI才能最终战胜开放人工智能等多面手和其他关注教育事业的科技公司。故画线词harness意为“利用”，与use同义。故选B。 6．What mainly prevents AI from entering the classroom at present? A．Many teachers aren't prepared technically. B．Tailored chatbots can't satisfy different needs. C．AI has no right to copy textbooks for teaching. D．It can be tricked to produce nonsense answers. 解析　A　推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Bringing AI to education won't be easy.Many teachers are behind the learning curve.Less than a fifth of British educators surveyed by Pearson last year reported receiving training on digital learning tools.”可知，许多老师没有得到良好的培训以帮助他们使用数字化的教学工具，这妨碍了人工智能进入教学领域，所以目前阻碍人工智能进入课堂的主要因素是很多老师在技术上没有准备好。故选A。 7．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to AI. B．A product advertisement. C．A guidebook to AI application. D．A review of AI in education. 解析　D　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Can artificial intelligence boost the digital sector of classroom？ChatGPT­like generative AI is generating excitement for providing personalized tutoring to students.By May，New York had let the bot back into classrooms.”可知，本文探讨了人工智能在教育行业的应用前景，并讨论了应用的困难和希望，因此本篇文章最有可能选自一份AI在教育领域的评论。故选D。 C (2024·重庆高三联考)In a policy address to lawmakers，Japan's Prime Minister，Fumio Kishida，said the country's population problem was a case of solving the issue “now or never”，and that it “simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions”． “In thinking of the sustainability and inclusiveness of our nation's economy and society，we place child care support as our most important policy，” he said，adding that he wants the government to double its spending on child­related programs，and that a new government agency would be set up in April to focus on the issue. Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world，and it recorded fewer than 800，000 births in 2022 for the first time since records began in 1899.The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world; in 2020，nearly one in 1，500 people in Japan were age 100 or older，according to government data. These trends have driven a growing population problem，with a rapidly aging society，a shrinking workforce and not enough young people to fill the gaps in the stagnating (停滞) economy.The country's high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.Experts point to the pessimism young people in Japan hold towards the future，many frustrated with work pressure and economic stagnation. How about other parts of East Asia？South Korea recently broke its own record for the world's lowest birth rate，with data from November 2023 showing a South Korean woman will have an average of 0.79 children in her lifetime — far below the 2.1 needed to maintain a stable population.Japan's birth rate stands at 1.3，while the United States is at 1.6.Meanwhile，China's population shrank in 2022 for the first time，adding pressure to its economic growth. [语篇解读]　新闻报道。日本政府就本国人口危机发出了严重警告，称由于出生率不断下降，人口问题可能影响社会运转。 8．How does the Japanese government feel about the falling birth rate? A．Surprised. B．Confused. C．Embarrassed. D．Worried. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段“In a policy address to lawmakers，Japan's Prime Minister，Fumio Kishida，said the country's population problem was a case of solving the issue ‘now or never’，and that it ‘simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions’．”，再结合第二段谈到的日本政府对出生率下降所采取的行动，可推知，日本政府对此感到很担忧。故选D。 9．Which of the following has led the birth rate in Japan to decline? A．The rapidly aging society. B．The high life expectancies. C．The shortage of workforce. D．The various stresses of life. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段“The country's high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.”可知，各种生活压力导致年轻人觉得抚养孩子很困难，于是出现出生率下降的情况。故选D。 10．What are the statistics in the last paragraph used to show? A．Ignorance of the birth rate. B．Serious population crisis. C．Weak care services for children. D．Potential harm to women's health. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，最后一段的统计数据用来说明严重的人口危机。故选B。 11．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Society. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第一段及全文可知，本文主要在谈：日本政府由于人口出生率下降，采取了相应措施，并分析了出现人口危机的原因，最后一段还指出在东亚存在的人口危机问题。人口以及出生率属于社会主题。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$