专题3 第3讲 警惕意外失分，复验“完美”下的完形(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2025年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

第三讲　警惕意外失分，复验“完美”下的完形 [对应学生用书P58] 通过前两讲的先“完意”、再“完空”，残缺的语篇已完整“复原”，但这并不代表“已抱得满分归”。解答完形填空，通读语篇、填后复验是不可或缺的关键一环。因为在逐个“完空”的解题过程中，常会因片段式的阅读，造成“只见树木，不见森林”、断章取义的错误。只有通过通读复验，才能发现一些细节性、惯性思维式错误，才能确保完形完美收官。复验时，应防范以下细节意外失分。 一、“熟词生义”想不到 高考对“熟词生义”的考查主要放在考生十分熟悉的课标内词汇上。考生可能对某些词汇的常见词义较为熟悉，而想不到这些词汇不常用的词义，即“生义”。命题人有时会对这些词义进行考查。“熟词生义”的意外失分屡见不鲜。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) After I made Italy my permanent home，I discovered how 46_warm­hearted Italians are.Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 47_remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.It's these small __48__ of kindness that make a new country feel like home. 48．A.tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties [解题思路]　根据上文形容意大利人热心，可知空白处前举例意大利人分享食物、提醒作者关窗均为善意的举动、行为，C项符合语境。act一词常用的词义是：v.行动。此处考察的是act的生义：n.行为。 [参考答案]　C 　 (2024·全国甲卷) Born just before WWⅡ，my grandmother 43_experienced an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine.She did not have a chance to go to 44_school．Like in typical families，where boys were __45__ much more than girls，my grandma had to stay at home to do 46_housework． 45．A.favored B．tolerated C．trusted D．acknowledged [解题思路]　结合上下文可知，在当年的时代背景下，男孩更受偏爱，A项符合语境。favor一词常用的词义是：n.偏好。此处考察的是favor的生义：v.偏爱，偏袒。 [参考答案]　A 　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) As for Bailey，she is more 51_confused about why her act is considered a big __52__．“She was just crying.I couldn't 53_leave her，” Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 52．A.game B．problem C．lesson D．deal [解题思路]　根据下文贝利对记者说的话可以看出，贝利对其他人认为她的行为是一件重要的大事很迷惑不解。deal的常用词性、词义为：v.应对(难缠的人，困难局面)；处理。此处考查其生义：n.大量；大事。 [参考答案]　D 二、“一词多义”有混淆 高考对“一词多义”的考查主要侧重于具有三个或三个以上词义的词汇。考生可能熟悉这些词的多个词义，但在语篇的具体语境中常常混淆这些词义。所以，要确定该词的确切词义，就必须具体分析语境，弄清楚该词在语境中的意义。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago，I didn't think too long.I liked traveling in France，but when it came to picking my favorite spot to __41__，Italy was the clear winner. 41．A.study B．rent C．visit D．settle [解题思路]　由上文可知作者喜欢在法国旅游，但如果挑选长住的地方，意大利更胜一筹。D项符合语境。settle为多义词，即可表示vt.解决，又可表示vi.定居，安顿。 [参考答案]　D 　(2022·浙江卷1月) “I'm trying to get more and more people to 49_understand that there are solutions(解决办法)，” said Ms.Burdeyney，a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 50_retirement．“I say there is no old 51_age，there's only neglect(忽视).Don't stand 52_still，do something about it.” Ms.Burdeyney __53__ that she was hoping to do more for the research project.“I just want to bring 54_light into people's eyes and this is just the 55_beginning．There is still a long way to go.” 53．A.commented B．learned C．reminded D．added [解题思路]　根据空处所在句的上文said Ms.Burdeyney和下文“I just want to bring 54.light into people's eyes...to go.”可知，该题的上下文都是Burdeyney女士说的话。故可判断出，空处意为“补充说；继续说”。而选项中的add一词具有“加；添加；增添；补充说；继续说”等词义，属于“一词多义”。 [参考答案]　D 三、“难词僻义”常忘却 高考中的“难词僻义”多见于动词、名词、形容词或副词。这些较难词汇大都是课标内、易被忽视的单词。它们的拼写和词义较为复杂难记，在语篇中的考查数量相对较少。一旦涉及，考生往往见难生畏、望而却步。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my __49__ quite like Italy.Each town has its own traditional 50_dish，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. 49．A.ambition B．success C．appetite D．growth [解题思路]　根据空前可知，作者喜欢意大利的原因在于意大利的美食能够满足作者的胃口，C选项appetite n．食欲、胃口是生僻词。 [参考答案]　C 　(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) In April last year，I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41_budget．They could not afford to pay for 42_transportation for their dog，Tiffy，and __43__ wanted to take her with them. 43．A.desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally [解题思路]　根据上文中的“I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka”可知，他们预算紧张，不能支付狗的运输费用，但是他们在网上发帖子求助，可见他们极度想带上狗。temporarily“暂时地”；secretly“秘密地”；originally“原来；起初”。此处考查的是“desperately”(极度地)，这一“难词僻义”。 [参考答案]　A 　(2022·全国乙卷) For a long time，this ineffective hiding method was 44_interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures.But our 45_surprising research results in child developmental psychology __46__ that idea. 46．A.explained B．confirmed C．contradicted D．tested [解题思路]　根据空处所在句的上文信息“长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是一种完全的‘自我中心的’生物的证据”和本句中的But一词可知，本句意为“我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾”。再结合选项可判断出，此处考查的是“contradict”(与……矛盾)这一“难词僻义”。 [参考答案]　C 四、“构词知识”没记牢 高考对“构词知识”的考查主要是一些常见词缀(un­，in­，im­，dis­，re­，­ly，­less，­ness，­ful等)的意义、词类转化(动词用作名词，名词用作动词或形容词)和合成词等构词法知识。考生可利用构词法知识在语篇中猜测出这些词的词义。 　(2024·全国甲卷) The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 47_study was when her brother was having Chinese 48_lessons with the family tutor.She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table，listening __49__． 49．A.closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely [解题思路]　根据前文描述奶奶无法去学校上学可知，奶奶唯一的学习机会是旁听哥哥的中文课，每次都会认真听，A项closely由close加­ly词缀派生而来，意为仔细地、严密地，符合语境。 [参考答案]　A 　(2022·浙江卷1月) The research team 44_included Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic，who has done __45__ work on eye care using stem cells.Seeing a ray of hope，Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46_money for the project with a friend，Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. 45．A.part­time B．controversial C．voluntary D．ground­breaking [解题思路]　根据空处所在句的下文信息“Seeing a ray of hope，Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46_money for the project”可知，这个研究团队利用干细胞开展的眼部保健工作取得了很好的成效。再结合选项、利用构词法知识可猜测出，合成词ground­breaking的意思是“开创性的”，即“ground(土地)＋breaking(打破)＝开创性的”。 [参考答案]　D 五、“语篇意识”未思考 一些考生在解答完形填空题时，只顾匆忙选词，很少甚至不去从整体上思考文章的故事发展脉络、相关话题的词汇、故事的小语义场和故事所反映的价值观等。这样容易导致在考查语篇意识的题目上失分。 　(2024·浙江卷1月) Perhaps most 47_remarkable，however，was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor... It would have been easy to 51_rely_on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home.But this highly informed，__52__，and admirable person prevented me doing so. 52．A.well­behaved B．multi­skilled C．warm­hearted D．self­educated [解题思路]　本题是典型的语篇意识题，仅凭题目所在的句子无法确定答案，此类题目需要综合全篇来找线索。此处呼应上文的“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor”，表示这个年轻人自学成才。Well­behaved“行为端正的”；multi­skilled“多技能的”；warm­hearted“热心的”；selfeducated“自学的”。 [参考答案]　D [对应学生用书P61] Test 1 (2024·河北石家庄教学质量检测)This wasn't the way I wanted to see Rome.Sure，it felt __1__ to spend New Year there and stand in awe of the city's attractions.But life wasn't meant to turn out like this. I was supposed to go to Rome with my mom back in 2012.However，life had different __2__．A week before our trip，I got a stomach infection，a condition that required a week of __3__．What's worse，my mom __4__ a cough，which later proved stage­four cancer. My mom spent the final months of her life __5__ the terrible disease though it was a losing __6__．After she passed away，I __7__ a trip to Rome.And __8__，you never get used to a world that Mom isn't a part of.You just deal with it because you don't really have a __9__． I spent two weeks doing all the things we had wanted to do.Maybe she wasn't physically there ，but I __10__ her presence every minute.Her presence also __11__ me that life isn't about the things we buy or the money that we have.It's about making __12__ with the people we love.They never really __13__ us since they are constantly influencing our lives in __14__ ways. After my trip to Rome，I __15__ knew that my mom would always be there because she had forever changed my life in the best possible way. [语篇解读]　记叙文。作者和母亲原计划去罗马旅行，但是出发前的一周，作者胃部感染，母亲被确诊癌症。母亲生命的最后几个月一直在抗癌。后来母亲去世，作者独自去罗马旅行，最终领悟到母爱永在。 1．A.surprising B．strange C．embarrassing D．pleasant 解析　D　根据下文内容可知，作者和母亲原计划去罗马旅行，但因为一些突发的事情没有去成。再结合常识和空后的“spend New Year there and stand in awe of the city's attractions”可知，在罗马过新年，对罗马的景点非常崇敬，这应该让人感觉愉快(pleasant)。 2．A.styles B．plans C．solutions D．excuses 解析　B　根据上文的“I was supposed to go to Rome with my mom back in 2012.”和下文的“A week before our trip...proved stage­four cancer.”可知，2012年，作者和母亲本应该去罗马旅行，但是生活却有不同的计划(plans)。 3．A.research B．training C．treatment D．waiting 解析　C　根据上文的“I got a stomach infection”可知，作者胃部感染，需要接受一周的治疗(treatment)。 4．A.picked up B．held back C．heard D．forced 解析　A　根据上文的“later proved stage­four cancer”可知，母亲后来被确诊癌症四期。由此可知，母亲生病了，染上(picked up)咳嗽。hold back“拦阻，阻挡”。 5．A.examining B．fighting C．studying D．controlling 解析　B　根据上文的“later proved stage­four cancer”和语境可知，母亲生命的最后几个月都在与癌症作斗争(fighting)。 6．A.battle B．strategy C．cause D．contest 解析　A　根据上文的“stage­four cancer”并结合常识可知，这是一场无成功希望的斗争。a losing battle“无成功希望的斗争”。 7．A.missed B．arranged C．sponsored D．rejected 解析　B　根据语境可知，母亲去世后，作者安排(arranged)了一次罗马之旅。sponsor“赞助，资助”；reject“拒绝接受，不予考虑”。 8．A.strangely B．fortunately C．honestly D．interestingly 解析　C　根据下文的“you never get used to a world that Mom isn't a part of”可知，你永远不会习惯一个没有妈妈的世界，这是作者发自内心的感受。故选C。 9．A.guide B．budget C．destination D．choice 解析　D　结合语境和常识可知，对于母亲去世的这个事实，作者只能面对，因为作者真的没有选择(choice)。 10．A.regretted B．doubted C．sensed D．remembered 解析　C　根据句中的but表转折和下文的“my mom would always be there”可知，母亲人虽然不在了，但作者每分钟都能感觉到(sensed)她的存在。regret“感到遗憾，惋惜”；doubt“怀疑，不确信”。 11．A.warned B．promised C．informed D．reminded 解析　D　根据下文的“life isn't about the things we buy or the money that we have”可知，作者认为母亲的存在提醒(reminded)作者生活是什么。 12．A.memories B．efforts C．decisions D．changes 解析　A　根据上文的描述和语境可知，作者认为生活是和我们爱的人一起创造回忆(memories)。 13．A.interrupt B．leave C．understand D．desert 解析　B　根据上文的“I __10__ her presence every minute”和下文的“my mom would always be there”可知，作者认为他们从来没有真正离开(leave) 我们。 14．A.positive B．practical C．flexible D．normal 解析　A　根据上文的“Her presence also __11__ me...It's about making __12__ with the people we love.”和下文的“she had forever changed my life in the best possible way”可知，作者的母亲以一种积极的(positive)方式一直影响着作者的生活。 15．A.hardly B．probably C．partly D．eventually 解析　D　根据上文的“After my trip to Rome”可知，作者从罗马旅行回来，最终(eventually)意识到母亲会一直在自己身边。 Test 2 (2024·河南郑州第二次质量预测)Kim Stemple，a special education teacher，faced terrible diseases during her stay in a Boston hospital.While __1__ with depression in her hospital room，Stemple received an unexpected present from a friend：a medal. Before Stemple got too sick to __2__ ，she had been a marathon runner and the medal brought back her racing memories.It served as a much­needed pick­me­up，__3__ her of the strength and perseverance she once possessed.__4__，it worked like a charm，and then some，__5__ her spirits and renewing her determination. Inspired by this life­changing __6__，Stemple began to think about how such a simple act could bring hope to others going through __7__ times.And from this __8__ of inspiration，her charity，We Finish Together，was born.This initiative __9__ medals from strangers — runners，dancers，swimmers，singers，and even spelling bee winners — and donated them to individuals in need. Part of the process __10__ the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon，giving the recipient a unique __11__ to someone who cares.Indeed，for those who were __12__ in hospitals and battling health challenges，being presented with a medal and reading the warm __13__ really made a big difference.It __14__ a reminder that they were not __15__ in their struggles and that there was always support available to them. [语篇解读]　夹叙夹议文。人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——公益事业。 1．A.wrestling B．competing C．quarreling D．parting 解析　A　根据上文中的“Kim Stemple，a special education teacher，faced terrible diseases”可知，Kim Stemple身患疾病，正在医院的病房里和消沉作斗争。wrestle with“全力解决，努力对付”；compete with“与……竞争”；quarrel with“争吵、争论”；part with“放弃，交出(尤指不舍得的东西)”。 2．A.live B．heal C．exercise D．recover 解析　C　根据下文中的“she had been a marathon runner...the strength and perseverance she once possessed”和空前的“sick”可知，她病得太重了，以至于无法锻炼(exercise)。heal“康复”；recover“痊愈，恢复健康”。 3．A.cheating B．clearing C．breaking D．reminding 解析　D　根据上文中的“the medal brought back her racing memories”可知，奖牌让她想起(reminding)她曾经拥有的力量和毅力。cheat“欺骗，作弊”；clear“清除，(使)变清醒”。 4．A.Casually B．Desperately C．Temporarily D．Surprisingly 解析　D　上文讲Kim Stemple正在医院的病房里和消沉作斗争。结合下文中的“it worked like a charm”可知，这块奖牌出乎意料地(surprisingly)非常有效。casually“漫不经心地”；desperately“绝望地，拼命地，不顾一切地”；temporarily“暂时地”。 5．A.explaining B．lifting C．discovering D．absorbing 解析　B　根据上文中的“it worked like a charm”和空后的“renewing her determination”可知，这块奖牌让Stemple精神振作。lift sb's spirits“振奋某人的情绪”为固定搭配。absorb“理解，掌握，承受，承担”。 6．A.season B．plan C．experience D．solution 解析　C　空处是对上文Stemple经历的总结。结合下文Stemple采取的行动可知，这是一次改变人生的经历(experience)。solution“解决办法”。 7．A.common B．tough C．pointless D．dangerous 解析　B　此处呼应上文中的“faced terrible diseases...depression”。Stemple从自己的经历中感悟到一个小小的举动可以给正在经历艰难时刻的人带去希望。tough“艰苦的，艰难的”；pointless“无意义的，无目标的”。 8．A.race B．game C．secret D．seed 解析　D　根据上文中的“Inspired by this life­changing __6__，Stemple began to think about how...times”，以及下文中的“her charity，We Finish Together，was born”可知，这颗灵感的种子(seed)促使她成立了自己的慈善组织We Finish Together。 9．A.collected B．assessed C．borrowed D．bought 解析　A　上文中讲到了Stemple在奖牌的激励下振作了起来。由此可以推断，她的慈善组织也在做类似的事情，即用奖牌让病人振作起来。结合下文中的“and donated them to individuals in need”和“the donor”可知，在赠送奖牌之前，Stemple首先需要收集(collected)奖牌。assess“评估，评定”。 10．A.promoted B．insisted C．involved D．shaped 解析　C　空前讲“Part of the process”(流程的一部分)，空后讲“the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon”(捐赠者在丝带上写上个性化的留言)。由此可见，这是流程中包含的活动。promote“促进，晋升，促销”；insist“坚决要求，坚持”；shape“决定……的形成，影响……的发展”。 11．A.connection B．barrier C．division D．conflict 解析　A　根据本文最后一句“there was always support available to them”可知，捐赠者和受捐赠者之间可以通过奖牌建立联系(connection)。barrier“障碍，壁垒，障碍物”；division“分歧”；conflict“争执，争论”。 12．A.trained B．stuck C．operated D．warned 解析　B　根据下文中的“battling health challenges”可知，此处表示被困(stuck)在医院和病魔作斗争的人们。 13．A.document B．message C．receipt D．gift 解析　B　根据上文中的“writing a personalized note on the ribbon”可知，收到奖牌的病人可以读到暖心的信息(message)。document“文件，公文，文献”；receipt“发票，收据”。 14．A.threw away B．put down C．acted as D．dropped out 解析　C　此处呼应上文中的“It served as a much­needed pick­me­up”，表示奖牌充当(acted as)了一个提醒物。throw away“扔掉，浪费”；put down“写下，(用笔等)记下”；act as“充当，担任”；drop out“辍学”。 15．A.shy B．weak C．tired D．alone 解析　D　根据空后的并列定语从句“that there was always support available to them”可知，奖牌可以提醒病人他们不是一个人(alone)在战斗。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$