专题3 第1讲 通过主题语境，统率“完意”下的完形(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2025年高考英语二轮专题辅导与训练

第一讲　通过主题语境，统率“完意”下的完形 [对应学生用书P48] 在以“立德树人”为价值引领的高考指引下，“主题语境”意识在解答完形填空时愈发重要。只有把握了语篇的主旨大意，才能确保思考方向不跑偏。同样，围绕主题语境这条主线，对选项进行语域性的甄别筛选，不失为一种快捷的解题渠道。 技法1　圈定主题语域内的话题词定选项 围绕一个话题展开的内容，所用词汇在整体方向、感情色彩、连贯性、逻辑关系、衔接乃至修辞手法上，都要匹配。找到某一选项与周围词汇的特定关联，通常就找到了答案。 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my 49 appetite quite like Italy.Each town has its own traditional __50__，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. 50．A.costume B．dish C．symbol D．tale [解题思路]　本篇完形填空的话题是“意大利生活”。本段主要围绕意大利的美食展开，该段话题常用的话题词有food，dish，recipe，meals等。此处意为“意大利人家家有祖传的菜肴”。 [参考答案]　B 　(2023·全国甲卷) But when we looked at the tomatoes，we were__46 worried__ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice，round，__47__ things you get in a supermarket.And the wine was cloudy，in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it.These can't be any__48__，we thought. 47．A.simple B．real C．shiny D．fun 48． A．more B．good C．new D．easy [解题思路]　本部分主要描写番茄和葡萄酒的外观。 47．由looked at 可知，空格所填词描述外观，由nice 和 round 可知，所填词应在方向和感情色彩上与这两个词保持一致，再比较选项可知，shiny(有光泽的)符合语境。 48．由关键词 so misshapen，cloudy，old bottle，no label 可知，can't be any ________应是“负面”的评价，且是对上面的关键词的概括，四个选项中仅有 good 符合。 [参考答案]　47.C　48.B 技法2　沿循主题语境下的情节线定选项 完形填空的文体多为记叙文，文章一般通过某种情节线索，即情节线来展开故事。因此，理清情节线对于把握文章的主题非常重要。要理清情节线，就要关注故事情节的几个要素：who(人物)，when(时间)，where(地点)，what(事件)，how(过程)，why(原因)和closing(结局)。 　(2024·浙江卷1月) While taking a 20­hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful __41__ with a local that all travelers long for.A young Chinese man __42__ me on the train.My __43__ friend spoke virtually no English，so I happily took the __44__ to practice my Chinese. 41．A.experiment B．encounter C．competition D．appointment 42．A.treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached 43．A.true B．so­called C．new D．long­lost 44．A.chance B．advice C．trouble D．right [解题思路]　本篇完形填空的文体是记叙文。阅读文章可知，故事的情节线： (人物、地点和事件) 作者在中国西北部的火车上。(经过及原因) 偶遇了一位年轻的中国男子，这位男子向作者走来并与其交谈，(结果)作者意识到了该男子的博学多才。如果考生能沿循这一情节线索来解题，那么就能快速、高效地选出正确答案。 [参考答案]　41.B　42.D　43.C　44.A 　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way through her __44__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She __45__ to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __46__．She couldn't.Bailey then __47__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __48__ attention. 44．A.race B．school C．town D．training 45．A.agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 46．A.courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 47．A.went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 48．A.medical B．public C．constant D．equal [解题思路]　本篇完形填空的文体是记叙文。阅读全文可知，故事的情节线：(时间)10月11日，(人物、地点和事件)梅勒妮·贝利(Melanie Bailey)和丹妮尔·雷诺(Danielle Lenoue)在明尼苏达州参加了一场越野赛。(经过及原因)在越野赛中，贝利已经跑了超过三分之二的路程，这时听到跑在她前面的雷诺正在哭，便停下来帮助她。贝利扶着雷诺的胳膊想看看在她的帮助(aid)下雷诺是不是可以向前走，但是发现雷诺并不能。(结果)贝利弯腰让雷诺爬到她的背上，背着对手跑完行程，最后又把对手送到能够接受医疗处理(medical attention)的地方。如果考生能沿循这一情节线索来解题，那么就能快速、高效地选出正确答案。 [参考答案]　44.A　45.C　46.B　47.D　48.A 技法3　发掘主题语境下的价值观定选项 主题语境下的价值观是指反映三大主题语境的话题语篇所体现的“真善美”的品德与道德观念和价值取向，具体包括真诚、善良、无私、美好、和谐、乐观等积极向上的优秀道德品质。具备正确的价值观符合高考在语篇选材上体现“立德树人”的根本要求。文章常在尾段升华主旨，点明中心，因此，在解答完形填空结尾部分的题目时，考生可以上升到价值观高度来确定正确答案。 　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I've __54__ a lot since then.I've come to accept that whatever __55__ I set for myself，they just have to be my own. 54．A.traveled B．matured C．missed D．worried 55．A.limits B．dates C．goals D．tests [解题思路]　本篇完形填空的话题内容是“他人成就对自己的正面和负面作用，目标应针对自身而设”。 本篇完形填空所体现的价值观：目标设定在自己力所能及的范围，不随波逐流。基于这一核心价值观，文章结尾段两个空讲述作者学到很多，并逐渐相信目标需要适合自己。 [参考答案]　54.B　55.C 　(2024·全国甲卷) My childhood is quite __55__ compared with hers.I am __56__ that I did not need to __57__ the hardships like she did.I've never faced the problem of __58__．I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to __59__ to: her stories always make my history textbooks __60__． 55．A.difficult B．complex C．happy D．similar 56．A.grateful B．surprised C．convinced D．regretful 57．A.reflect upon B．go through C．ask about D．prepare for 58．A.unemployment B．health C．education D．communication 59．A.attend B．refer C．lead D．talk 60．A.come true B．come round C．come out D．come alive [解题思路]　本篇完形填空的话题内容是“奶奶的童年故事”。 本篇完形填空所体现的价值观：奶奶的人生不同寻常，作为年轻人应心怀感激珍惜当下。基于这一核心价值观，文章结尾段描绘了作者的感悟。 [参考答案]　55.C　56.A　57.B　58.C　59.D　60.D 　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Although the two young women were strangers before the __54__，they've since become friends.Neither won the race，but the __55__ of human kindness won the day. 54．A.ride B.test C．meet D．show 55．A.secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange [解题思路]　本篇完形填空的话题内容是“越野赛中帮助竞争对手，虽然参加比赛的两个陌生人都没有赢得比赛，但人性善良的展示赢得了最终胜利”。 本篇完形填空所体现的价值观：在生活中人性的善良以及人与人之间的互帮互助的重要性。 [参考答案]　54.C　55.B [对应学生用书P50] Test 1 (2024·河南郑州毕业班测试)Last year，cardiologist (心脏病学家) Steve Lome came to truly understand what it means to be at the right place at the right time.During a half­marathon (半程马拉松)，he found himself in the position to __1__ not one，but two runners.It all began around the 3­mile __2__．Things had been going smoothly up to that __3__，but that's when Steve noticed an unwell __4__ named Gregory. Gregory had just reached the peak and was __5__ to see that he would run downhill for a bit.This was the last thing he remembered before __6__．Meanwhile，Steve saw this happen，and he could __7__ it wasn't a simple fall.Steve stopped __8__ to perform CPR (心肺复苏) for Gregory as an ambulance made its way there.Steve __9__ to ensure the ambulance took him，and then he continued the race. But，as soon as Steve __10__ the finish line，his life­saving help was needed once more.A man named Michael began to feel __11__ after crossing the finish line.Then，just like Gregory，he fell down.The __12__ of this entire situation is truly remarkable.Had Steve not __13__ to help Gregory，he would have crossed the finish line much sooner than Michael，__14__ he wouldn't have been around to save him，too. This happened last year，but all three men have stayed in __15__．They even ran together in the very same half­marathon this year! [语篇解读]　记叙文。文章主要讲述了Steve医生在跑半程马拉松过程中意外救助两个昏倒的参赛选手的故事。 1．A.save B．lose C．accept D．believe 解析　A　根据上文中的“cardiologist(心脏病学家) Steve Lome”以及下文中的“perform CPR (心肺复苏) for Gregory”可知，Steve是一名医生，他的职责是救人，故选A。 2．A.match B．mark C．joint D．way 解析　B　根据下文中的“but that's when Steve noticed an unwell __4__ named Gregory”可知，就在马拉松大概三英里的标记处，Steve注意到了状况不好的Gregory，故选B。mark“符号，记号”；joint“接合处，接点”。 3．A.extent B．distance C．area D．point 解析　D　空后提到Steve注意到Gregory不舒服，根据but可知，在这之前一切进展顺利，故选D。extent“程度”；distance“距离”；point“时候，阶段”。 4．A.coach B．guide C．competitor D．volunteer 解析　C　根据下文“Gregory had just reached...run downhill for a bit.”可知，Gregory是马拉松的一个参赛选手，故选C。 5．A.confused B．relieved C．worried D．disappointed 解析　B　根据空处前后内容可知，Gregory刚跑到山顶上，当他看到要跑下坡路时应该是会感到宽心一点，故选B。confused“迷惑的”；relieved“感到宽慰的，放心的”；worried“担心的”；disappointed“失望的”。 6．A.leaving B．arriving C．collapsing D．understanding 解析　C　根据下文Steve开始对Gregory做心肺复苏可知，Gregory此时身体不适晕倒了，故选C。句意：这是他晕倒前记得的最后一件事。 7．A.tell B．predict C．decide D．imagine 解析　A　根据上文可知Steve是医生，再由下文Steve开始对Gregory做心肺复苏可知，Steve能够分辨出这不仅仅是摔倒，tell辨别，分辨。故选A。 8．A.temporarily B．accidentally C．eventually D．immediately 解析　D　由上下文可知，在Gregory摔倒后，Steve立即停下来为他做心肺复苏，故选D。temporarily“暂时地”；accidentally“意外地”；eventually“最后”；immediately“立即”。 9．A.moved away B．stayed around C．wandered about D．looked over 解析　B　根据空后的“to ensure the ambulance took him”可知，Steve为确认救护车带走Gregory而停留一会，故选B。move away“搬走”；stay around“待着不走，不离开”；wander about“闲逛”；look over“检查”。 10．A.noticed B．identified C．missed D．reached 解析　D　根据上文中的“and then he continued the race”可知Steve在救助完Gregory后继续进行马拉松比赛。再由下文中的“his life­saving help was needed once more”可知，他一到达终点线，就有人再一次需要他救助。故选D。identify“找到，发现；认出，显示”。 11．A.dizzy B．thirsty C．uneasy D．pleased 解析　A　根据下文中的“Then，just like Gregory，he fell down.”可知，和Gregory一样，Michael摔倒了，所以此处应是说他开始感到头晕，故选A。dizzy“头晕目眩的，眩晕的”；uneasy“不安的”。 12．A.analyzing B．evaluating C．timing D．recording 解析　C　下文提到，如果Steve没有停下来救助Gregory，那么他将比Michael更早冲过终点线，也就不会救下Michael，整个情况的时间非常奇特。故选C。动名词analyzing“分析”；动名词evaluating“评估”；timing“(事情发生或计划安排的)特定时间”；recording“录音，录像”。 13．A.agreed B．failed C．refused D．paused 解析　D　根据上文中的“Steve stopped __8__ to perform CPR (心肺复苏) for Gregory”可知，此处是说，如果Steve没有停下来救助Gregory，故选D。 14．A.meaning B．proving C．clarifying D．indicating 解析　A　如果Steve没有停下来救助Gregory，那么他将比Michael更早冲过终点线，这也意味着他也不会出现在他身边救他。故选A。clarify“澄清”；indicate“表明”。 15．A.shape B．touch C．peace D．happiness 解析　B　根据空后的“They even ran together in the very same half­marathon this year！”可推知，这三个人现在保持着联系，故选B。 Test 2 (2024·广东广州高中毕业班综合测试)I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift.I took a __1__ as the snowstorm was approaching. Then the snow started and was coming down __2__．Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were __3__ and getting covered with snow，so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window，thinking I could better __4__ the road edge and keep to a straight line.But really，I had no __5__ where I was.I stopped and kept the car running to stay __6__．I called 911.The operator told me to wait out the storm for the night. The call left me in __7__．“Breathe，” I told myself.An idea occurred to me.I __8__ my location online and explained what I was __9__，wishing for anyone to come to my rescue.Soon enough，people started chiming in on my post.I got a __10__ from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby.I had never been more __11__． Then I saw a big __12__ in the dark.He had walked about 500 metres to get me，__13__ the wind and snow each step of the way.“You'll be OK.Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow，sure of the __14__．I drove slowly behind him.When we reached his house，I burst into tears of __15__． [语篇解读]　记叙文。作者在暴风雪天迷失了方向，得到陌生人的帮助，表现了人与社会之间良好的人际关系。 1．A.shortcut B．turn C．look D．risk 解析　A　空后的原因状语从句表示“因为暴风雪临近”，所以作者抄了一条近路回家，故选A。take a shortcut“抄近路”；take a turn“转弯”；take a look“看一看”；take a risk“冒险”。 2．A.soon B．fast C．lightly D．suddenly 解析　B　下文谈到“Within minutes I was in a whiteout”，几分钟内作者就陷入了白雪茫茫中，所以推测雪下得很快很急，故用fast。 3．A.locked B．closed C．frozen D．broken 解析　C　根据上文可知，雪下大了；再由空后的“and getting covered with snow”可推测，车窗应该是冻上了。故用frozen“结冰的”。 4．A.follow B．cover C．mark D．remember 解析　A　根据上文可知，作者放慢了车速，摇下了驾驶员侧的车窗。再由空后的“keep to a straight line”可推测，作者觉得沿着路边直走更好。故选A。 5．A.plan B．clue C．doubt D．problem 解析　B　根据上文可知，雪下得很大，作者周围白茫茫一片，所以作者不知道自己的具体位置，故用clue“线索”。故选B。 6．A.awake B．calm C．warm D．still 解析　C　根据常识可知，在外面雪下得很大的情况下，作者让车一直运行着，目的是保暖，故选C。 7．A.confusion B．trouble C．embarrassment D．panic 解析　D　上文中的“The operator told me to wait out the storm for the night.”谈到作者打911求助，接线员告诉作者要等到暴风雪结束后，可能要过夜。在上文提到的这样恶劣的天气下，作者应是陷入了恐慌(panic)。由空后作者告诉自己(深)呼吸也可推测出作者的心情。 8．A.confirmed B．found C．posted D．checked 解析　C　根据空后的online可知，作者把自己的位置在网上发布了出去，故用posted“贴，发布”。下文中的“my post”也是提示。 9．A.looking at B．going through C．searching for D．carrying out 解析　B　作者在网上发布了位置，希望有人能来救自己，所以一定需要解释自己正在经历的事情，故选B。 10．A.tip B．comment C．like D．message 解析　D　根据上文提到的作者在网上发布帖子并结合语境可知，有人给作者发信息(message)了，故选D。 11．A.inspired B．relieved C．convinced D．amazed 解析　B　作者当时被困在雪天的路上，看到有人发信息说附近的人会和作者取得联系，故松了一口气。 12．A.policeman B．creature C．shadow D．figure 解析　D　根据空后的“in the dark”(在黑暗中)可推知，作者看到的是一个人影，故选figure“(远处人的)轮廓，(隐约可见的)人影”。 13．A.fighting B．avoiding C．recording D．reporting 解析　A　此处用fight与the wind and snow搭配，表示当时暴风雪很大，这个人每走一步都要与风雪搏斗。 14．A.goal B．danger C．depth D．direction 解析　D　根据上文中的“He turned around”和下文中的“I drove slowly behind him”可知，对方转过身出发，而作者跟着他，所以对方是清楚方向(direction)的。 15．A.hope B．love C．gratitude D．pride 解析　C　作者在雪天迷失方向、被困在路上，一个陌生人来帮忙，作者应该非常感激，故用gratitude“感激”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$