精品解析：安徽省阜阳市临泉县临泉第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

高三英语 (120分钟 150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do on Friday? A. Give a lecture. B. Attend a lecture. C. Work on his novel. 2. Why has the man bought the coats? A. It’ll be a cold winter. B. He’ll have an interview. C. His arm and leg hurt. 3. How does the man advise the woman to go to the museum? A By car. B. By underground. C. By taxi. 4. How much will the man pay for the tickets? A. 60 dollars. B. 150 dollars. C. 180 dollars. 5. What does the man mean? A. It’s not his fault. B. A colleague stole the bag. C. The woman should ask more people. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers probably? A. On a game show. B. In a spaceship. C. In a bank. 7. Who was the first woman in space? A. Anna Edison. B. Sally K. Ride. C. Valentina Tereshkova. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A delayed shipment. B. A weather report. C. An insurance policy. 9. What will the woman probably do next? A. Adjust the timetable. B. Wait for a notice. C. Offer an explanation. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman go to art galleries and exhibitions? A. To meet some famous artists. B. To get inspired for her work. C. To buy some artworks. 11. Where does the artist Edvard Munch come from? A. America. B. Spain. C. Norway. 12. Which is Stuart Davis’s work? A. Lucky Strike. B. The Scream. C. The Dance of Life. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Who told the woman something about the man? A. Her classmate. B. Her neighbor. C. Her friend. 14. What’s the woman like according to the man? A. Friendly. B. Shy. C. Humorous. 15. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Colleagues. C. Strangers. 16. When did the woman move? A. About two months ago. B. About two years ago. C. About two days ago. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. When will the Student Welfare Office open tomorrow? A. From about 10 am to 3 pm. B. From about 9 am to 8 pm. C. From about 4 pm to 8 pm. 18. What benefit can students get with university identity cards? A. Free textbooks. B. Book sale entry. C. Discounts at some local shops. 19. Where will a book sale be held? A. In the reading room. B. In the school canteen. C. In the bookstore. 20. What does the speaker advise students to do? A. Sign up for the cookery course. B. Get books on the reading list ready. C. Eat in the university canteen. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Creating Young V&A When the V&A Museum of Childhood in Bethnal Green was founded in 1872, it was East London’s first public museum. Today, we are transforming this beloved building into a new national museum of design and creativity dedicated entirely to children. Relaunching later this year as Young V&A, the museum will be a place to imagine, play, create, debate and design. Young V&A will help children to develop abilities such as creative thinking, problem-solving and collaboration through imaginative, hands-on gallery displays and creative programming for schools, families and community groups. How you can help In a climate of growing inequality and reduced funding for the arts, it is vital that we young people’s creative development. We rely on your generous donations and are thankful for your support. Whether you can give E 25 or f 25,000, all donations will help to complete this project. 25 could buy books for the new Reading Room. 75 could buy sensory materials to help bring the collection to life for young visitors 150 could conserve and display an international object in the permanent galleries 5000 could help furnish the new creative studios in the Learning Centre. Ways to give *To pay by debit, credit card, use the QR code, visit www.vam.ac.uk appeal or call 020 7942 2905 to speak to a member of the Development team. *Return a completed donation form or post a cheque directly to the museum or hand it in all the V&A Membership Desk or the Members’ Room. *To find out about donating by bank transfer, making a regular monthly donation, or to make a larger gift, please email the Development team at appeals@vam.ac.uk. 1. Who are the target visitors of Young V&A? A. The general public. B. Seniors. C. Art lovers. D. Children. 2. What can a donation of 75 do for the project? A. Repaint the Reading Room. B. Help bring the collection to life. C. Conserve an inspirational object. D. Furnish the new creative studios. 3. How can people donate by cheque? A. Scan a QR code. B. Send a cheque to the museum. C. Call 020 7942 2905. D. Email the Development team. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是为创建一个专门致力于儿童的新的国家设计和创意博物馆而进行的募捐活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最中的“Today, we are transforming this beloved building into a new national museum of design and creativity dedicated entirely to children. (今天，我们正在将这座心爱的建筑改造成一个新的国家设计和创意博物馆，完全致力于儿童。)”可知，Young V&A主要面向儿童，故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据How you can help部分中的“75 could buy sensory materials to help bring the collection to life for young visitors (75可以购买可视材料，以帮助年轻的游客使收藏充满活力)”可知，75能帮助收藏充满活力。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Ways to give部分中的“Return a completed donation form or post a cheque directly to the museum or hand it in all the V&A Membership Desk or the Members’ Room. (将填妥的捐款表格或支票直接寄回博物馆，或将其交到所有V&A会员服务台或会员室。)”可知，如果使用支票捐赠，将填妥的捐赠表或者支票邮寄给博物馆、把支票当面交给博物馆对应部门等几种形式。故选B项。 B Howard Schultz wasn’t the first person to be carried away by the pleasant smell of a well-roasted coffee bean. But the Starbucks Coffee Co. leader was undoubtedly the first to turn that dream into a billion-dollar retail business. Schultz’s adventure started in 1981 when he traveled from New York to Seattle to check out a popular coffee bean store called “Starbucks”. It had been buying many of the Hammarplast Swedish drip coffeemakers he was selling. There was that great smell, sure, but what caused him to fall in love with the business was the care the Starbucks owners put into choosing and roasting the beans. He was also impressed with the owners’ devotion to educating the public about the wonders of the coffee. It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him. When they finally made him director of marketing and operations in 1982, he had another idea. This one occurred in Italy, when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost every block. He learned that they not only served excellent espressos, they also served as meeting places or public squares, and there were 200,000 of them in the country. But when he came back to Seattle, the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to serve coffee in the stores, saying the restaurant business was competitive, and it was costly to hire waiters. After all, economic benefits were their primary motivator. Frustrated, Schultz quit and started his own coffee bar business in 1987, named “Il Giornale”. It was successful, and two years later, the original Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for $3.8 million. As the company began to expand rapidly in the 1990s, Schultz always said that the main goal was “to serve a great cup of coffee”. Asked about the secret of his success, Schultz told us the principles: “Don’t be threatened by people smarter than you. Compromise anything but your core values.” 4. What caused Schultz to join the Starbucks? A. The pleasant smell of its coffee bean. B. His strong desire to improve himself. C. The owners’ impressive work attitude. D. His eagerness to sell more coffeemakers. 5. Why did the Starbucks owners refuse to serve coffee in the stores? A. Many coffee bars had existed in Seattle. B. People preferred tasting coffee at home. C. They tried to avoid high cost of labor force. D. Their coffee was already popular on the market. 6. Which of the following can best describe Schultz? A. Committed and generous. B. Sociable and helpful. C. Motivated and considerate. D. Determined and creative. 7. What was Schultz’s business principle? A. Learn from smarter people. B. Stick to one’s own core values. C. Keep one’s business a secret. D. Remember a set of regulations. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了星巴克创始人舒尔茨与星巴克的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“There was that great smell, sure, but what caused him to fall in love with the business was the care the Starbucks owners put into choosing and roasting the beans.(当然，那里有很棒的气味，但让他爱上这项业务的是星巴克店主在挑选和烘焙咖啡豆时所投入的精力。)”可知，星巴克店主令人印象深刻的工作态度让舒尔茨加入了星巴克。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“But when he came back to Seattle, the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to serve coffee in the stores, saying the restaurant business was competitive, and it was costly to hire waiters. After all, economic benefits were their primary motivator.(但是，当他回到西雅图时，星巴克店主们抵制了舒尔茨在店里提供咖啡服务的计划，他们说餐饮业竞争激烈，而且雇佣服务员的成本很高。毕竟，经济利益是他们的主要动力。)”可知，星巴克店主拒绝在店里提供咖啡服务是因为他们试图避免高昂的劳动力成本。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him. When they finally made him director of marketing and operations in 1982, he had another idea. This one occurred in Italy, when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost every block. He learned that they not only served excellent espressos, they also served as meeting places or public squares, and there were 200,000 of them in the country.( 舒尔茨花了一年时间才说服星巴克店主雇佣他。1982年，当他们终于任命他为市场营销和运营总监时，他又有了一个新的想法。这个想法是在意大利萌生的，当时舒尔茨注意到几乎每个街区都有咖啡店。他了解到，这些咖啡店不仅提供优质的意式浓缩咖啡，还作为聚会场所或公共广场，全国共有20万家这样的咖啡店。)”和第五段“Frustrated, Schultz quit and started his own coffee bar business in 1987, named “Il Giornale”. It was successful, and two years later, the original Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for $3.8 million.(深感沮丧的舒尔茨于1987年辞职，并创办了自己的咖啡店业务，名为“Il Giornale”。这家店非常成功，两年后，原来的星巴克管理层以380万美元的价格将其星巴克零售部门卖给了舒尔茨。)”可知，文章讲述了舒尔茨从对星巴克产生兴趣，到加入星巴克，再到因意见不合离开星巴克创办自己的咖啡店，最后收购星巴克并将其发展壮大的过程。根据这个过程可知，舒尔茨是一个有决心和创造力的人。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Asked about the secret of his success, Schultz told us the principles: ‘Don’t be threatened by people smarter than you. Compromise anything but your core values’.(当被问及他成功的秘诀时，舒尔茨告诉我们他的原则：‘不要被比你聪明的人威胁。除了你的核心价值观，其他都可以妥协’)”可知，舒尔茨的商业原则是坚持自己的核心价值观。故选B。 C Only in 2021, fish farms in the US produced an estimated 307 million pounds of the creatures for human consumption. But aquaculture (水产养殖) is complicated by infections and diseases, which kill millions of farmed fish year after year. Now, researchers from Auburn University say they’ve devised a creative solution to this problem: injecting alligator (短吻鳄) DNA into farm-raised catfish. Alligators have a gene that helps them produce a protein called cathelicidin. Scientists say cathelicidin helps prevent infections developing in the wounds alligators sustain while fighting with each other. The catfish researchers wondered whether this same gene might also be able to help catfish avoid disease. To find out, they used the CRISPR gene-editing tool to insert the alligator gene containing a blueprint for cathelicidin into the genome (基因组) of catfish. The researchers were afraid that if the genetically modified (GM) catfish escaped or were released into nature for some reason, they could potentially outcompete wild catfish and set off a chain reaction that might harm the species and its ecosystem. So they decided to inject the alligator gene into the part of the catfish genome that regulates a hormone the fish need to be able to lay eggs. This sterilized (使绝育) the GM fish. The researchers exposed both gene-edited and unchanged catfish to two types of bacteria that can cause infections. The GM fish survived at rates that were 2-5 times higher than their unedited counterparts, the findings suggest. This shows the addition of alligator genes made catfish more impervious to infection. But the technique isn’t straightforward or easy, and scientists would likely need to repeat it for each new round of fish. Beyond that, the Auburn researchers would need to go through the lengthy process of getting the GM catfish approved for human consumption by the US Food and Drug Administration. They may also have an uphill battle convincing consumers to eat GM fish. 8. What makes the Auburn research significant and necessary? A. The large number of alligators. B. The advantages of aquaculture. C. The global demand for health. D. The gap between demand and supply of catfish. 9. What can we learn about the Auburn researchers? A. They referred to previous research. B. They did a great deal of questionaire research. C. They collected plenty of data on the farms. D. They experimented to test their assumption. 10. What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Resistant. B. Friendly. C. Sensitive. D. Exposed. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The catfish research has already received some doubts. B. Further research into farmed catfish will be prohibited. C. It’s a long way for GM catfish to make it to the dining table. D. GM catfish are rejected by the FDA and American people. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述美国奥本大学研究向鲶鱼注入短吻鳄 DNA 抗病，虽有成效，但面临审批难、推广难的问题。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一二句“Only in 2021, fish farms in the US produced an estimated 307 million pounds of the creatures for human consumption. But aquaculture (水产养殖) is complicated by infections and diseases, which kill millions of farmed fish year after year.(仅在2021年，美国的养鱼场就生产了约3.07亿磅的这种生物供人类食用。但水产养殖因感染和疾病而变得复杂，这些疾病年复一年地导致数百万养殖鱼类死亡)”可知，水产养殖需求很大但面临疾病困扰而损失大量鱼，所以是水产鱼类供需缺口使得奥本大学的此项研究很有意义且很有必要。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The researchers exposed both gene-edited and unchanged catfish to two types of bacteria that can cause infections.(研究人员将经过基因编辑的鲶鱼和未改变的鲶鱼都暴露在两种可能导致感染的细菌中)”以及后面提到的实验结果“The GM fish survived at rates that were 2-5 times higher than their unedited counterparts, the findings suggest. (研究结果表明，转基因鱼的存活率比未经编辑的同类高2-5倍)”可知，研究人员通过做实验来检验他们的设想，即把短吻鳄的基因插入鲶鱼基因组是否能帮助鲶鱼抵御疾病，所以他们通过实验来验证假设。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句“The researchers exposed both gene-edited and unchanged catfish to two types of bacteria that can cause infections.(研究人员将经过基因编辑的鲶鱼和未改变的鲶鱼都暴露在两种可能导致感染的细菌中)”以及后面的实验结果“The GM fish survived at rates that were 2-5 times higher than their unedited counterparts, the findings suggest. (研究结果表明，转基因鱼的存活率比未经编辑的同类高2-5倍)”可知，加入了短吻鳄基因的鲶鱼在面对感染细菌时存活率更高，也就是更能抵御感染，所以猜测impervious 意思应该是“有抵抗力的，不受影响的”，所以A选项Resistant(抵抗的)符合题意。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Beyond that, the Auburn researchers would need to go through the lengthy process of getting the GM catfish approved for human consumption by the US Food and Drug Administration.(除此之外，奥本大学的研究人员还需要经历漫长的过程，才能让转基因鲶鱼获得美国食品和药物管理局批准供人类食用)”以及第三句“They may also have an uphill battle convincing consumers to eat GM fish.(他们可能还需要艰难地说服消费者食用转基因鱼)”可以推断出，转基因鲶鱼要走上人们的餐桌还有很长的路要走，要经过审批流程，还要说服消费者接受等。故选C项。 D The term poverty refers to the state or condition in which people or communities lack the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living. As such, their basic human needs cannot be met. Poverty-stricken people and families may go without proper housing, clean water, healthy food, and medical attention. Each nation may have its own criteria for determining the poverty line and counting how many of its people live in poverty. It’s important to remember that poverty is a socioeconomic condition that is the result of multiple factors — not just income. Poverty is both an individual concern as well as a broader social problem. On the individual or household level, not being able to make ends meet can lead to a range of physical and mental issues. At the societal level, high poverty rates can be an obstacle (障碍) to economic growth and be associated with problems like unemployment, education, and poor health. Poverty is a difficult cycle to break and often passes from one generation to the next. It is often determined by socioeconomic status, and geography. Many people are born into poverty and have little hope of overcoming it. Others may fall into poverty because of negative economic conditions, natural disasters, or rising living costs. The United Nations and the World Bank are major advocates of reducing world poverty. The World Bank has an ambitious target of reducing poverty to less than 3% of the global population by 2030.You may wonder whether poverty can be solved. The answer to this question is complicated. If it were easy or obvious, poverty would no longer be such a big issue. Social welfare programs and private philanthropy (慈善事业) are ways to provide for those in poverty, along with access to essentials like clean water, good food, and adequate healthcare. However, more is needed. Programs that encourage the disadvantaged to obtain skills, jobs, and education are also important as a longer-term cure. 12. What can we learn about poverty from the first paragraph? A. It has a worldwide standard. B. It is actually judged by income. C. It usually involves many aspects. D. It refers to underdeveloped regions. 13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The causes of poverty. B. The spread of poverty. C. The judgment of poverty. D. The side-effects of poverty. 14. What does the author think of solving poverty? A. It must be authorized by the UN. B. It is a complex and difficult task. C. It may affect the global population. D. It is the major task of welfare programs. 15. What does the underlined phrase “the disadvantaged” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Badly-behaved people. B. People with low EQ. C. People with disabilities. D. People living in poverty. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了贫困的定义、影响、原因以及解决贫困的复杂性和可能的途径。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The term poverty refers to the state or condition in which people or communities lack the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living. As such, their basic human needs cannot be met. Poverty-stricken people and families may go without proper housing, clean water, healthy food, and medical attention. Each nation may have its own criteria for determining the poverty line and counting how many of its people live in poverty. It’s important to remember that poverty is a socioeconomic condition that is the result of multiple factors—not just income.(贫困一词指的是人或社区缺乏达到最低生活标准所需的财政资源和必需品的状态或条件。因此，他们的基本人类需求无法得到满足。贫困的人和家庭可能没有适当的住房、清洁的饮用水、健康的食物和医疗服务。每个国家可能都有自己的标准来确定贫困线，并统计有多少人生活在贫困之中。重要的是要记住，贫困是一种社会经济状况，是多种因素的结果，而不仅仅是收入。)”可知，贫困不仅仅是收入问题，还涉及住房、饮用水、食物和医疗等多个方面。故选C。 13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Poverty is a difficult cycle to break and often passes from one generation to the next. It is often determined by socioeconomic status, and geography. Many people are born into poverty and have little hope of overcoming it. Others may fall into poverty because of negative economic conditions, natural disasters, or rising living costs.(贫困是一个难以打破的循环，而且常常代代相传。它通常由社会经济地位和地理位置决定。许多人一出生就陷入贫困，几乎没有克服贫困的希望。其他人可能因为经济状况不佳、自然灾害或生活成本上升而陷入贫困。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是贫困的原因。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You may wonder whether poverty can be solved. The answer to this question is complicated. If it were easy or obvious, poverty would no longer be such a big issue.(你可能会想，贫困问题能否得到解决。这个问题的答案很复杂。如果解决贫困问题很容易或很明显，那么贫困就不再是一个大问题了。)”可知，作者认为解决贫困问题是一项复杂而艰巨的任务。故选B。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“Social welfare programs and private philanthropy (慈善事业) are ways to provide for those in poverty, along with access to essentials like clean water, good food, and adequate healthcare. However, more is needed.(社会福利项目和私人慈善事业是为贫困人口提供保障的方式，同时为他们提供清洁饮水、良好食物和充足的医疗保健等必需品。然而，仅这些还不够。)”可知，划线词所在的句子意为鼓励贫困的人获得技能、工作和教育的项目也是长期解决方案的重要组成部分，“the disadvantaged”指的是上文中的“those in poverty(生活在贫困中的人)”。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Bad Habits That Can Hurt Your Brain You miss out on sleep ___16___— we all do. But some of those bad habits can take a toll on your brain. For example, lack of sleep may be a cause of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. It’s best to have regular sleeping hours. If you have trouble with sleep, avoid alcohol, caffeine, and electronics in the evening.  You spend too much time alone Humans are excited about social contact. It’s not about how many net friends you have—what matters is a real sense of connection. People who have that with even just a few close friends are happier and more productive. ___17___. If you feel alone, call some friends or start something new — salsa dancing, tennis, bridge — that involves other people.  You eat too much junk food Parts of the brain linked to learning, memory, and mental health are smaller in people who have lots of hamburgers, fries, potato chips, and soft drinks in their diet. Berries, whole grains, nuts, and green leafy vegetables, on the other hand, preserve brain function and slow mental decline. ___18___, grab a handful of nuts instead.  ___19___ The longer you go without regular exercise, the more likely you are to have dementia. You’re also more likely to get diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure — all of which may be linked to Alzheimer’s. You don’t have to start running marathons—a half hour in the garden or a brisk walk around the neighborhood will work. The important thing is to get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise each week. You blast your headphones With your earbuds at full volume, you can permanently damage your hearing in only 30 minutes. But it’s not just your ears: Hearing loss in older adults is linked to brain problems, such as Alzheimer’s and loss of brain tissue. ___20___— no louder than 60% of your device’s maximum volume—and try not to listen for more than a couple of hours at a time. A. So turn it down B. You don’t move enough C. You stay in the dark too much D. You do a few things you know you shouldn’t E. So next time you start to reach for a bag of chips F. It makes you twice as likely to get dementia, including Alzheimer’s G. They’re also less likely to suffer from brain decline and Alzheimer’s 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章列举了伤害大脑的几种坏习惯，如缺觉、独处、吃垃圾食品等，并给出了一些建议。 【16题详解】 由下文“But some of those bad habits can take a toll on your brain.(但其中一些坏习惯会对你的大脑造成损害)”可知，后文提到了坏习惯对大脑的损害，而D项You do a few things you know you shouldn’t(你做了一些你知道不应该做的事情)符合语境，说人们会做一些知道不该做的事，引出后文提到的坏习惯，所以本句起到启下作用。故选D项。 【17题详解】 由上文“People who have that with even just a few close friends are happier and more productive.(即使只是和几个亲密的朋友在一起的人也会更快乐，更有成效)”可知，这里说的是有良好社交关系的好处，而G选项They’re also less likely to suffer from brain decline and Alzheimer’s(他们也不太可能遭受大脑衰退和阿尔茨海默病的困扰)”符合语境，进一步说明其对大脑方面的益处，与前文逻辑连贯。故选G项。 【18题详解】 由上文“Parts of the brain linked to learning, memory, and mental health are smaller in people who have lots of hamburgers, fries, potato chips, and soft drinks in their diet. Berries, whole grains, nuts, and green leafy vegetables, on the other hand, preserve brain function and slow mental decline. (在饮食中摄入大量汉堡、薯条、薯片和软饮料的人，大脑中与学习、记忆和心理健康相关的部分较小。另一方面，浆果、全谷物、坚果和绿叶蔬菜可以保护大脑功能，减缓智力衰退)”可知，前文提到吃垃圾食品对大脑不好，而像浆果等食物对大脑有益，且下文“grab a handful of nuts instead(改为抓一把坚果吃)”在讲选择食物方面的事情，所以E选项So next time you start to reach for a bag of chips(所以下次你伸手去拿一袋薯片时)符合语境，在逻辑上承接前文关于食物的内容，引出后文的正确选择。故选E项。 【19题详解】 由下文“The longer you go without regular exercise, the more likely you are to have dementia.(你不进行规律锻炼的时间越长，患痴呆症的可能性就越大)”可知，这里在讲缺乏运动带来的危害，所以此空应是引出缺乏运动这一话题，而B选项You don’t move enough(你运动得不够)符合语境， 能很好地引出后文内容。故选B项。 【20题详解】 由上文“With your earbuds at full volume, you can permanently damage your hearing in only 30 minutes. But it’s not just your ears: Hearing loss in older adults is linked to brain problems, such as Alzheimer’s and loss of brain tissue. (当耳机处于最大音量时，您可能会在30分钟内永久性地损害听力。但这不仅仅是你的耳朵：老年人的听力损失与大脑问题有关，如阿尔茨海默氏症和脑组织丧失)”可知，前文提到大音量用耳机对听力及大脑有损害，后文“no louder than 60% of your device’s maximum volume — and try not to listen for more than a couple of hours at a time.(不超过设备最大音量的 60%—— 并且尽量一次不要听超过几个小时)”是在说调节音量及控制收听时长的做法，而A选项So turn it down(所以把音量调小)符合语境，承上启下，引出后文具体做法。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The history of human beings is naturally a process to pursue happiness, which is the ultimate purpose of life. Happiness makes us cope with our careers energetically and harmonise life ___21___.  However, the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further, it___22___ away.  Obviously, defining happiness has ___23___ mankind for thousands of years because individuals all have their own ___24___ and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless. ___25___ is the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of being millionaires. The process of struggling for may-be happiness always ends in must-be ___26___. Thus, the definition of happiness can hardly be ___27___.Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable, it is still easy for us to find the ___28___ examples of happy people, who, in fact, share three features in common: optimistic mentality, ___29___ body, and stable income. It is apparent that most of the sufferings are ____30____ by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable. Thus, one can only change his mentality to ____31____ them. Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the ____32____ of life.  Furthermore, to be realistic, a beggar, while struggling in poverty, can never be as ____33____ as a millionaire sailing on the Pacific Ocean. Hence, stable income is also significant for achieving happiness.  To summarise, to define happiness will not be so hard if humans can understand happiness in a standard way and eliminate (消灭) their ____34____ totally. However, before the realization of this ____35____, being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness. 21. A. instantly B. definitely C. permanently D. optimistically 22. A. puts B. backs C. gives D. breaks 23. A. helped B. confused C. changed D. interrupted 24. A. directions B. compositions C. solutions D. interpretations 25. A. Fame B. Health C. Wealth D. Liberty 26. A. success B. sacrifice C. motivation D. dissatisfaction 27. A. settled B. copied C. expected D. expanded 28 A. rare B. unique C. walking D. running 29. A. weak B. slim C. sound D. large 30. A. cut down B. held back C. pulled up D. brought about 31. A. clear B. find C. test D. grasp 32. A. cycle B. sunshine C. outcome D. power 33. A. peaceful B. careful C. polite D. practical 34. A. fear B. greed C. dream D. poverty 35. A. goal B. value C. cause D. potential 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“幸福”这一主题展开，提出人类追求幸福是人生的终极目的，探讨了幸福定义的困难性，并阐述了实现幸福的可能途径。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸福让我们精力充沛地应对事业，乐观地调和生活。A. instantly立刻；B. definitely肯定地；C. permanently永久地；D. optimistically乐观地。根据空前的“cope with our careers energetically”可判断，空处指的是“乐观地”面对生活。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，“追求”一词表明，幸福就像地平线，当我们向前迈进时，它却在后退。A. puts放置；B. backs支持、后退；C. gives给予；D. breaks打破。根据上文“the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further”以及常理可知，幸福就像地平线，你追求它，它却越来越遥远，也就是仿佛在后退。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，数千年来，人类对幸福的定义一直感到困惑，因为每个人都有自己的诠释，而且更重要的是，人类的欲望几乎是无限的。A. helped帮助；B. confused使困惑；C. changed改变；D. interrupted打断。根据下文“individuals all have their own ___4___ and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless.”可推测，每个人对幸福都有自己的诠释，因此，人们对定义幸福感到困惑。故选B。 24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，数千年来，人类对幸福的定义一直感到困惑，因为每个人都有自己的诠释，而且更重要的是，人类的欲望几乎是无限的。A. directions方向；B. compositions作文；C. solutions解决方案；D. interpretations诠释。根据下文“___5___ is the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of being millionaires.”可知，下文解释了商人的幸福标准就是得到财富。由此可推测，空处指的是对于幸福的定义，不同的人有不同的诠释。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：财富是商人幸福的共同标准，但他们成为亿万富翁甚至万亿富翁的梦想总是在实现成为百万富翁的梦想之后接踵而至。A. Fame名声；B. Health健康；C. Wealth财富；D. Liberty自由。根据下文“the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of being millionaires.”可推测，商人的幸福就是成为亿万富翁甚至万亿富翁，由此可知，对于商人而言，财富就是幸福的标准。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为可能的幸福而奋斗的过程往往以必然的不满告终。A. success成功；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. motivation动机；D. dissatisfaction不满。根据上文“human desires are almost limitless”可知，人类的欲望是无止尽的，由此可知，这样的追逐幸福的过程必然会带来不满，因为，欲望永远无法得到满足。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，幸福的定义很难确定。A. settled定居、确定；B. copied复制；C. expected期待、预料；D. expanded扩大、扩展。根据下文“although happiness is indefinable”可知，幸福难以定义。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管幸福难以定义，但我们仍然很容易找到幸福之人的活生生的例子，他们实际上有三个共同特征：乐观的心态、健康的身体和稳定的收入。A. rare罕见的；B. unique独特的；C. walking行走的、活生生的；D. running跑步的。根据上文可知，幸福难以定义；再根据空后“examples of happy people”可知，尽管很难找到幸福，但是也有活生生的找到幸福之人的例子。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管幸福难以定义，但我们仍然很容易找到幸福之人的活生生的例子，他们实际上有三个共同特征：乐观的心态、健康的身体和稳定的收入。A. weak虚弱的；B. slim苗条的；C. sound健康的；D. large大的。根据下文“Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the ___12___ of life.”以及“However, before the realization of this ___15___, being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness”可知，幸福的人都有健康的身体。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：显然，大多数痛苦都是由外部环境造成的，而这些痛苦几乎是不可避免的。A. cut down消减、减少；B. held back阻止、阻碍；C. pulled up拔起；D. brought about带来、引起。根据空后的“by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable”可知，这些痛苦是由外部环境造成的。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，一个人只能通过改变心态来消除这些痛苦。A. clear清除；B. find发现、找到；C. test测试；D. grasp抓住、理解。根据上文“they are nearly unavoidable”可知，这些痛苦是无法避免的；再根据“optimistic mentality”可推测，作者认为想要清除痛苦只能改变心态，变得乐观。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同时，没有健康，一个人就无法持续享受幸福，无法沐浴生活的阳光。A. cycle循环；B. sunshine阳光；C. outcome结果；D. power权力、力量。根据空前的“sustain happiness”可推测，没有健康，一个人就没有幸福，也就是说，没有办法享受生活的阳光。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，从现实的角度来看，一个乞丐在贫困中挣扎时，绝不可能像百万富翁在太平洋上航行时那样平静。A. peaceful和平的、平静的；B. careful小心的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. practical实用的。根据上文“a beggar, while struggling in poverty”中的“struggling”可推测，空处指的是两种情况的比较，乞丐在贫困中挣扎时，百万富翁在太平洋上航行时很平静。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：综上所述，如果人类能以标准的方式理解幸福并完全消除贪婪，那么定义幸福就不会那么困难。A. fear害怕；B. greed贪婪；C. dream梦想；D. poverty贫穷。根据上文“human desires are almost limitless”可推测，一个人无法满足欲望，消除贪婪，就没办法定义属于自己的幸福。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在实现这一目标之前，保持乐观、健康和财务独立可能是通往幸福的“钥匙”。A. goal目标；B. value价值；C. cause事业、原因；D. potential潜力。根据空前的“the realization”以及空后的“being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness.”可推测，保持乐观、健康和财务独立可以让我们实现幸福这一目标。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The fruit fly is a major pest species that reduces the yield of commercial fruits, vegetables and nuts. Passion fruit, native to South America, ___36___ (introduce) to South China in 2012 for large-scale commercial ___37___ (plant).The scientists observed that passion fruit attracted native fruit flies to lay eggs in the fruits, ___38___ most of the eggs did not hatch.  According to Wu Weijian at South China Agricultural University, the lead researcher of the study, when a fruit fly penetrates into (刺入) the middle layer of the fruit wall to lay eggs, ___39___ causes the plant tissue to break down and release hydrogen cyanide, ___40___ kills most of the eggs.Wu said this is the first instance of finding a living plant which can ___41___ (direct) kill the eggs of pests in the study of interaction between plants and herbivorous insects.  Passion fruit can be recommended as a pest trap crop to plant at the border of an orchard or melon field ___42___ (control) fruit flies, said Liao Yonglin at Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, one of the researchers.Although ___43___ (ecology) traps can usually be offset (抵消) by the learning ability or evolution of herbivorous insects, these particular traps ___44___ (provide) by passion fruit may be permanent ____45____ the case of fruit flies, according to the study which was published in the journal Pest Management Science. 【答案】36. was introduced 37. planting 38. but 39. it 40. which 41. directly 42. to control 43. ecological 44. provided 45. in 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了百香果作为一种能够有效控制果蝇的“害虫陷阱作物”的研究发现。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：百香果原产于南美洲，2012年被引入中国南方进行大规模商业化种植。空处作谓语，根据时间状语“in 2012”可知，使用一般过去时，Passion fruit和introduce为被动关系，需用被动语态，be动词用was。故填was introduced。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词planting，作介词for的宾语。故填planting。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：科学家们观察到，百香果吸引了当地的果蝇在果实上产卵，但大部分卵并未孵化。上文提到“百香果吸引了当地的果蝇在果实上产卵”，下文提到“大部分卵并未孵化。”，上下文为转折关系，需用连词but连接。故填but。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：据该研究的首席研究员、华南农业大学的吴伟坚介绍，当果蝇刺入果实中层果皮产卵时，会导致植物组织分解并释放氰化氢，从而杀死大部分虫卵。此处需要填入一个代词作为主语，指代前文提到的“a fruit fly penetrates into the middle layer of the fruit wall to lay eggs”这一行为，所以使用代词it。故填it。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词hydrogen cyanide，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：吴表示，在植物与植食性昆虫相互作用的研究中，这是首次发现一种活体植物能够直接杀死害虫的卵。修饰动词kill，应用副词directly，作状语。故填directly。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：广东省农业科学院的研究员廖永林表示，百香果可以被推荐作为一种害虫诱捕作物，种植在果园或瓜田的边缘，以控制果蝇。此处为目的状语，表示“为了控制果蝇”，应用不定式。故填to control。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：根据发表在《害虫管理科学》（Pest Management Science）期刊上的这项研究，尽管生态诱捕通常会被植食性昆虫的学习能力或进化所抵消，但百香果所提供的这种特定诱捕对果蝇而言可能是永久性的。修饰名词traps，应用形容词ecological，作定语。故填ecological。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词traps，且与traps构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填provided。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。此处为固定短语in the case of，表示“在……的情况下”。故填in。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是某高中的学生会主席,你校近期将举行一次职业规划讲座,请你根据以下内容，用英文写一份书面通知。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.讲座的时间与地点； 3.讲座内容与主讲人简介。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.标题已给出。 Notice of Career Planning Lecture Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Council 【答案】Notice of Career Planning Lecture Dear fellow students, Our school will hold a career planning lecture on May 18th from 2:00 pm to 5:00 pm in the school auditorium. It aims to help students gain a better understanding of our future career paths and provide guidance to make informed decisions. Our guest speaker, Dr Jane Smith, is an experienced career counselor with over 10 years of professional experience. She will cover topics including career exploration and share her own career journey and tips for success. This lecture is open to all students. Please attend it and make the most of this valuable opportunity. Student Council 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校近期将举行一次职业规划讲座写一份书面通知。其内容包括：活动目的、讲座的时间与地点和讲座内容与主讲人简介。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help →assist 提供：provide→offer 多于：over→more than 机会：opportunity → chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：She will cover topics including career exploration and share her own career journey and tips for success. 拓展句：She will cover topics that include career exploration and share her own career journey and tips for success. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It aims to help students gain a better understanding of our future career paths and provide guidance to make informed decisions.（运用了非谓语动词不定式作状语） 【高分句型2】Our guest speaker, Dr Jane Smith, is an experienced career counselor with over 10 years of professional experience.（运用了同位语以及过去分词转化的形容词作定语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As I stood on the beach, watching the baby turtle swim away into the ocean, I felt a sense of peace wash over me. It was as if my small act of kindness had somehow made a difference in the world. I knew that there were countless creatures out there, struggling to survive, and I was grateful to have been able to help just one of them. Over the next few weeks, I found myself thinking more and more about the turtle. I wondered where it was, and what it was doing. Was it meeting new friends, and exploring new parts of the ocean? I knew that I would never know for sure, but it didn’t stop me from imagining all sorts of adventures for my little turtle friend. One day, as I was walking along the same stretch of beach, I saw something moving in the sand. At first, I thought it was just a crab or a seashell, but as I got closer, I realized that it was a small turtle. It was bigger than the last one I had saved, but it had the same distinctive markings on its shell. Could it be the same turtle that I had helped a few weeks ago? I picked it up and examined it carefully. It was hard to tell for sure, but something about its eyes seemed familiar. And as I held it in my hands, I felt a sudden surge of affection for this little creature. It was as if we had a special bond, a connection that went beyond words or actions. Over the next few days, I took care of the turtle as best I could. I made sure it had plenty of food and water, and I even built a small enclosure for it so that it could move around freely without getting lost or hurt. It was amazing to watch it grow stronger and more confident with each passing day, as if it knew that it was loved and cared for. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 As the weeks turned into months, the turtle grew bigger and stronger, until it was finally time to release it back into the ocean. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As I watched the turtle swim away into the waves, I knew that it was time to let go. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As the weeks turned into months, the turtle grew bigger and stronger, until it was finally time to release it back into the ocean. I took it to the same spot where I had released the last turtle, and as I placed it gently on the sand, I felt a sense of pride and joy. And even though I would never know for sure whether it was the same turtle that I had saved before, it didn’t matter. What mattered was that I had made a difference in the life of this little creature, and that was something to be proud of. As I watched the turtle swim away into the waves, I knew that it was time to let go. It was time to trust that it would find its own way in the world, just as I had found mine. And as I turned and walked back up the beach, I felt a sense of peace and contentment that I had never felt before. I had done something good, and that was enough. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者与一只小海龟之间的特殊缘分。作者曾在海滩上救助过一只小海龟，看着它游向大海，心中充满了宁静与满足感。之后的日子里，作者时常会想到那只小海龟，想象着它在海洋中的冒险。某天，作者在同样的海滩上又发现了一只小海龟，它比之前救助的那只稍大，但壳上的标记却十分相似，这让作者不禁怀疑这是否就是之前救助过的那只。作者将小海龟捧起，仔细端详，心中涌起一股莫名的亲切感。接下来的几天里，作者尽心尽力地照顾这只小海龟，为它提供食物和水，还为它搭建了一个小围栏，让它可以自由活动。看着小海龟一天天变得更强壮、更自信，作者深感欣慰，仿佛与小海龟之间建立了一种超越言语和行动的特殊联系。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“随着周数变成月数，小海龟长得越来越大，越来越强壮，直到终于到了该把它放回大海时候了。”可知，第一段可描写作者放生的过程以及心里的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我看着小海龟游进波涛中时，我知道是时候放手了。”可知，第二段可描写作者放生后的感悟。 2.续写线索：到达放生地点——感到高兴和自豪——成功放生——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①释放：release/set free ②拯救：save/rescue ③重要：matter/count ④相信：trust/believe in 情绪类 ①快乐：joy/pleasure ②以……为骄傲：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1]I took it to the same spot where I had released the last turtle, and as I placed it gently on the sand, I felt a sense of pride and joy.（运用了where引导定语从句和as引导的状语从句） [高分句型2]What mattered was that I had made a difference in the life of this little creature, and that was something to be proud of.（运用了what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高三英语 (120分钟 150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do on Friday? A. Give a lecture. B. Attend a lecture. C. Work on his novel. 2. Why has the man bought the coats? A. It’ll be a cold winter. B. He’ll have an interview. C. His arm and leg hurt. 3. How does the man advise the woman to go to the museum? A. By car. B. By underground. C. By taxi. 4. How much will the man pay for the tickets? A. 60 dollars. B. 150 dollars. C. 180 dollars. 5. What does the man mean? A. It’s not his fault. B. A colleague stole the bag. C. The woman should ask more people. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers probably? A. On a game show. B. In a spaceship. C. In a bank. 7. Who was the first woman in space? A. Anna Edison. B. Sally K. Ride. C. Valentina Tereshkova. 听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A delayed shipment. B. A weather report. C. An insurance policy. 9. What will the woman probably do next? A. Adjust the timetable. B. Wait for a notice. C. Offer an explanation. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the woman go to art galleries and exhibitions? A To meet some famous artists. B. To get inspired for her work. C. To buy some artworks. 11. Where does the artist Edvard Munch come from? A. America. B. Spain. C. Norway. 12. Which is Stuart Davis’s work? A. Lucky Strike. B. The Scream. C. The Dance of Life. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Who told the woman something about the man? A. Her classmate. B. Her neighbor. C. Her friend. 14. What’s the woman like according to the man? A. Friendly. B. Shy. C. Humorous. 15. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Colleagues. C. Strangers. 16. When did the woman move? A. About two months ago. B. About two years ago. C. About two days ago. 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。 17. When will the Student Welfare Office open tomorrow? A. From about 10 am to 3 pm. B. From about 9 am to 8 pm. C. From about 4 pm to 8 pm. 18. What benefit can students get with university identity cards? A. Free textbooks. B. Book sale entry. C. Discounts at some local shops. 19. Where will a book sale be held? A. In the reading room. B. In the school canteen. C. In the bookstore. 20. What does the speaker advise students to do? A. Sign up for the cookery course. B. Get books on the reading list ready. C. Eat in the university canteen. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Creating Young V&A When the V&A Museum of Childhood in Bethnal Green was founded in 1872, it was East London’s first public museum. Today, we are transforming this beloved building into a new national museum of design and creativity dedicated entirely to children. Relaunching later this year as Young V&A, the museum will be a place to imagine, play, create, debate and design. Young V&A will help children to develop abilities such as creative thinking, problem-solving and collaboration through imaginative, hands-on gallery displays and creative programming for schools, families and community groups. How you can help In a climate of growing inequality and reduced funding for the arts, it is vital that we young people’s creative development. We rely on your generous donations and are thankful for your support. Whether you can give E 25 or f 25,000, all donations will help to complete this project. 25 could buy books for the new Reading Room. 75 could buy sensory materials to help bring the collection to life for young visitors 150 could conserve and display an international object in the permanent galleries 5000 could help furnish the new creative studios in the Learning Centre. Ways to give *To pay by debit, credit card, use the QR code, visit www.vam.ac.uk appeal or call 020 7942 2905 to speak to a member of the Development team. *Return a completed donation form or post a cheque directly to the museum or hand it in all the V&A Membership Desk or the Members’ Room. *To find out about donating by bank transfer, making a regular monthly donation, or to make a larger gift, please email the Development team at appeals@vam.ac.uk. 1. Who are the target visitors of Young V&A? A. The general public. B. Seniors. C. Art lovers. D. Children. 2. What can a donation of 75 do for the project? A. Repaint the Reading Room. B. Help bring the collection to life. C. Conserve an inspirational object. D. Furnish the new creative studios. 3. How can people donate by cheque? A. Scan a QR code. B. Send a cheque to the museum. C. Call 020 7942 2905. D. Email the Development team. B Howard Schultz wasn’t the first person to be carried away by the pleasant smell of a well-roasted coffee bean. But the Starbucks Coffee Co. leader was undoubtedly the first to turn that dream into a billion-dollar retail business. Schultz’s adventure started in 1981 when he traveled from New York to Seattle to check out a popular coffee bean store called “Starbucks”. It had been buying many of the Hammarplast Swedish drip coffeemakers he was selling. There was that great smell, sure, but what caused him to fall in love with the business was the care the Starbucks owners put into choosing and roasting the beans. He was also impressed with the owners’ devotion to educating the public about the wonders of the coffee. It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him. When they finally made him director of marketing and operations in 1982, he had another idea. This one occurred in Italy, when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost every block. He learned that they not only served excellent espressos, they also served as meeting places or public squares, and there were 200,000 of them in the country. But when he came back to Seattle, the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to serve coffee in the stores, saying the restaurant business was competitive, and it was costly to hire waiters. After all, economic benefits were their primary motivator. Frustrated, Schultz quit and started his own coffee bar business in 1987, named “Il Giornale”. It was successful, and two years later, the original Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for $3.8 million. As the company began to expand rapidly in the 1990s, Schultz always said that the main goal was “to serve a great cup of coffee”. Asked about the secret of his success, Schultz told us the principles: “Don’t be threatened by people smarter than you. Compromise anything but your core values.” 4. What caused Schultz to join the Starbucks? A. The pleasant smell of its coffee bean. B. His strong desire to improve himself. C. The owners’ impressive work attitude. D. His eagerness to sell more coffeemakers. 5. Why did the Starbucks owners refuse to serve coffee in the stores? A. Many coffee bars had existed in Seattle. B. People preferred tasting coffee at home. C. They tried to avoid high cost of labor force. D. Their coffee was already popular on the market. 6. Which of the following can best describe Schultz? A. Committed and generous. B. Sociable and helpful. C. Motivated and considerate. D. Determined and creative. 7. What was Schultz’s business principle? A. Learn from smarter people. B. Stick to one’s own core values. C. Keep one’s business a secret. D. Remember a set of regulations. C Only in 2021, fish farms in the US produced an estimated 307 million pounds of the creatures for human consumption. But aquaculture (水产养殖) is complicated by infections and diseases, which kill millions of farmed fish year after year. Now, researchers from Auburn University say they’ve devised a creative solution to this problem: injecting alligator (短吻鳄) DNA into farm-raised catfish. Alligators have a gene that helps them produce a protein called cathelicidin. Scientists say cathelicidin helps prevent infections developing in the wounds alligators sustain while fighting with each other. The catfish researchers wondered whether this same gene might also be able to help catfish avoid disease. To find out, they used the CRISPR gene-editing tool to insert the alligator gene containing a blueprint for cathelicidin into the genome (基因组) of catfish. The researchers were afraid that if the genetically modified (GM) catfish escaped or were released into nature for some reason, they could potentially outcompete wild catfish and set off a chain reaction that might harm the species and its ecosystem. So they decided to inject the alligator gene into the part of the catfish genome that regulates a hormone the fish need to be able to lay eggs. This sterilized (使绝育) the GM fish. The researchers exposed both gene-edited and unchanged catfish to two types of bacteria that can cause infections. The GM fish survived at rates that were 2-5 times higher than their unedited counterparts, the findings suggest. This shows the addition of alligator genes made catfish more impervious to infection. But the technique isn’t straightforward or easy, and scientists would likely need to repeat it for each new round of fish. Beyond that, the Auburn researchers would need to go through the lengthy process of getting the GM catfish approved for human consumption by the US Food and Drug Administration. They may also have an uphill battle convincing consumers to eat GM fish. 8 What makes the Auburn research significant and necessary? A. The large number of alligators. B. The advantages of aquaculture. C. The global demand for health. D. The gap between demand and supply of catfish. 9. What can we learn about the Auburn researchers? A. They referred to previous research. B. They did a great deal of questionaire research. C. They collected plenty of data on the farms. D. They experimented to test their assumption. 10. What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Resistant. B. Friendly. C. Sensitive. D. Exposed. 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The catfish research has already received some doubts. B. Further research into farmed catfish will be prohibited. C. It’s a long way for GM catfish to make it to the dining table. D. GM catfish are rejected by the FDA and American people. D The term poverty refers to the state or condition in which people or communities lack the financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living. As such, their basic human needs cannot be met. Poverty-stricken people and families may go without proper housing, clean water, healthy food, and medical attention. Each nation may have its own criteria for determining the poverty line and counting how many of its people live in poverty. It’s important to remember that poverty is a socioeconomic condition that is the result of multiple factors — not just income. Poverty is both an individual concern as well as a broader social problem. On the individual or household level, not being able to make ends meet can lead to a range of physical and mental issues. At the societal level, high poverty rates can be an obstacle (障碍) to economic growth and be associated with problems like unemployment, education, and poor health. Poverty is a difficult cycle to break and often passes from one generation to the next. It is often determined by socioeconomic status, and geography. Many people are born into poverty and have little hope of overcoming it. Others may fall into poverty because of negative economic conditions, natural disasters, or rising living costs. The United Nations and the World Bank are major advocates of reducing world poverty. The World Bank has an ambitious target of reducing poverty to less than 3% of the global population by 2030.You may wonder whether poverty can be solved. The answer to this question is complicated. If it were easy or obvious, poverty would no longer be such a big issue. Social welfare programs and private philanthropy (慈善事业) are ways to provide for those in poverty, along with access to essentials like clean water, good food, and adequate healthcare. However, more is needed. Programs that encourage the disadvantaged to obtain skills, jobs, and education are also important as a longer-term cure. 12. What can we learn about poverty from the first paragraph? A. It has a worldwide standard. B. It is actually judged by income. C. It usually involves many aspects. D. It refers to underdeveloped regions. 13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The causes of poverty. B. The spread of poverty. C. The judgment of poverty. D. The side-effects of poverty. 14. What does the author think of solving poverty? A. It must be authorized by the UN. B. It is a complex and difficult task. C. It may affect the global population. D. It is the major task of welfare programs. 15. What does the underlined phrase “the disadvantaged” in the last paragraph refer to? A Badly-behaved people. B. People with low EQ. C. People with disabilities. D. People living in poverty. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Bad Habits That Can Hurt Your Brain You miss out on sleep ___16___— we all do. But some of those bad habits can take a toll on your brain. For example, lack of sleep may be a cause of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. It’s best to have regular sleeping hours. If you have trouble with sleep, avoid alcohol, caffeine, and electronics in the evening.  You spend too much time alone Humans are excited about social contact. It’s not about how many net friends you have—what matters is a real sense of connection. People who have that with even just a few close friends are happier and more productive. ___17___. If you feel alone, call some friends or start something new — salsa dancing, tennis, bridge — that involves other people.  You eat too much junk food Parts of the brain linked to learning, memory, and mental health are smaller in people who have lots of hamburgers, fries, potato chips, and soft drinks in their diet. Berries, whole grains, nuts, and green leafy vegetables, on the other hand, preserve brain function and slow mental decline. ___18___, grab a handful of nuts instead.  ___19___ The longer you go without regular exercise, the more likely you are to have dementia. You’re also more likely to get diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure — all of which may be linked to Alzheimer’s. You don’t have to start running marathons—a half hour in the garden or a brisk walk around the neighborhood will work. The important thing is to get at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise each week. You blast your headphones With your earbuds at full volume, you can permanently damage your hearing in only 30 minutes. But it’s not just your ears: Hearing loss in older adults is linked to brain problems, such as Alzheimer’s and loss of brain tissue. ___20___— no louder than 60% of your device’s maximum volume—and try not to listen for more than a couple of hours at a time. A. So turn it down B. You don’t move enough C. You stay in the dark too much D. You do a few things you know you shouldn’t E. So next time you start to reach for a bag of chips F. It makes you twice as likely to get dementia including Alzheimer’s G. They’re also less likely to suffer from brain decline and Alzheimer’s 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The history of human beings is naturally a process to pursue happiness, which is the ultimate purpose of life. Happiness makes us cope with our careers energetically and harmonise life ___21___.  However, the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further, it___22___ away.  Obviously, defining happiness has ___23___ mankind for thousands of years because individuals all have their own ___24___ and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless. ___25___ is the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of being millionaires. The process of struggling for may-be happiness always ends in must-be ___26___. Thus, the definition of happiness can hardly be ___27___.Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable, it is still easy for us to find the ___28___ examples of happy people, who, in fact, share three features in common: optimistic mentality, ___29___ body, and stable income. It is apparent that most of the sufferings are ____30____ by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable. Thus, one can only change his mentality to ____31____ them. Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the ____32____ of life.  Furthermore, to be realistic, a beggar, while struggling in poverty, can never be as ____33____ as a millionaire sailing on the Pacific Ocean. Hence, stable income is also significant for achieving happiness.  To summarise, to define happiness will not be so hard if humans can understand happiness in a standard way and eliminate (消灭) their ____34____ totally. However, before the realization of this ____35____, being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness. 21. A. instantly B. definitely C. permanently D. optimistically 22. A. puts B. backs C. gives D. breaks 23. A. helped B. confused C. changed D. interrupted 24. A. directions B. compositions C. solutions D. interpretations 25. A. Fame B. Health C. Wealth D. Liberty 26. A. success B. sacrifice C. motivation D. dissatisfaction 27. A. settled B. copied C. expected D. expanded 28. A. rare B. unique C. walking D. running 29. A. weak B. slim C. sound D. large 30. A. cut down B. held back C. pulled up D. brought about 31. A. clear B. find C. test D. grasp 32. A. cycle B. sunshine C. outcome D. power 33. A. peaceful B. careful C. polite D. practical 34. A. fear B. greed C. dream D. poverty 35. A. goal B. value C. cause D. potential 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The fruit fly is a major pest species that reduces the yield of commercial fruits, vegetables and nuts. Passion fruit, native to South America, ___36___ (introduce) to South China in 2012 for large-scale commercial ___37___ (plant).The scientists observed that passion fruit attracted native fruit flies to lay eggs in the fruits, ___38___ most of the eggs did not hatch.  According to Wu Weijian at South China Agricultural University, the lead researcher of the study, when a fruit fly penetrates into (刺入) the middle layer of the fruit wall to lay eggs, ___39___ causes the plant tissue to break down and release hydrogen cyanide, ___40___ kills most of the eggs.Wu said this is the first instance of finding a living plant which can ___41___ (direct) kill the eggs of pests in the study of interaction between plants and herbivorous insects.  Passion fruit can be recommended as a pest trap crop to plant at the border of an orchard or melon field ___42___ (control) fruit flies, said Liao Yonglin at Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, one of the researchers.Although ___43___ (ecology) traps can usually be offset (抵消) by the learning ability or evolution of herbivorous insects, these particular traps ___44___ (provide) by passion fruit may be permanent ____45____ the case of fruit flies, according to the study which was published in the journal Pest Management Science. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是某高中的学生会主席,你校近期将举行一次职业规划讲座,请你根据以下内容，用英文写一份书面通知。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.讲座的时间与地点； 3.讲座内容与主讲人简介。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.标题已给出。 Notice of Career Planning Lecture Dear fellow students ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Council 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As I stood on the beach, watching the baby turtle swim away into the ocean, I felt a sense of peace wash over me. It was as if my small act of kindness had somehow made a difference in the world. I knew that there were countless creatures out there, struggling to survive, and I was grateful to have been able to help just one of them. Over the next few weeks, I found myself thinking more and more about the turtle. I wondered where it was, and what it was doing. Was it meeting new friends, and exploring new parts of the ocean? I knew that I would never know for sure, but it didn’t stop me from imagining all sorts of adventures for my little turtle friend. One day, as I was walking along the same stretch of beach, I saw something moving in the sand. At first, I thought it was just a crab or a seashell, but as I got closer, I realized that it was a small turtle. It was bigger than the last one I had saved, but it had the same distinctive markings on its shell. Could it be the same turtle that I had helped a few weeks ago? I picked it up and examined it carefully. It was hard to tell for sure, but something about its eyes seemed familiar. And as I held it in my hands, I felt a sudden surge of affection for this little creature. It was as if we had a special bond, a connection that went beyond words or actions. Over the next few days, I took care of the turtle as best I could. I made sure it had plenty of food and water, and I even built a small enclosure for it so that it could move around freely without getting lost or hurt. It was amazing to watch it grow stronger and more confident with each passing day, as if it knew that it was loved and cared for. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 As the weeks turned into months, the turtle grew bigger and stronger, until it was finally time to release it back into the ocean. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As I watched the turtle swim away into the waves, I knew that it was time to let go. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$