6. 2025年高一英语寒假作业 单词复习+习题精做 每天80分钟 （六） 学习测试版+答案解析版

第1部分 巩固提升 必修第一册 2025高一寒假作业 每天80分钟 （一） 答案解析版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 5 Languages Around the World Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. billion n. 十亿 2. bone n. 骨头；骨(质) 3. shell n. 壳；壳状物 4. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻 5. dynasty n. 王朝；朝代 6. dialect n. 地方话；方言 7. CE(＝Common Era)公元 8. tongue n. 舌头；语言 9. semester n. 学期 10. petrol n. (NAmE gas)汽油 11. pants n. [pl. ](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人 2. attitude n. 态度；看法 3. system n. 体系；制度；系统 4. despite prep. 即使；尽管 5. factor n. 因素；要素 6. symbol n. 符号；象征 7. means n. 方式；方法；途径 8. classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著 9. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待 10. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 11. calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术 12. affair n. 公共事务；事件；关系 13. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 14. subway n. (BrE underground)地铁 15. apartment n. (especially NAmE)公寓套房 16. gap n. 间隔；开口；差距 17. vocabulary n. 词汇 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. reference n. 指称关系；参考→refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于 2. based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→base vt. 以……为基础；以……为据点 n. 底部；根据；总部→basis n. 基础；基准→basic adj. 基础的→basically adv. 大体上；根本上 3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化；不同→various adj. 各种各样的 4. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数 5. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe n. 地球；地球仪 6. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 感激；欣赏→appreciative adj. 感激的 7. specific adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv. 特定地；明确地 8. beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n. 乞丐 9. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→equally adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等 10. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问→demanding adj. 要求高的 11. description n. 描写(文字)；形容→describe vt. 描述 12. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 相关的→relation/relationship n. 联系，关系 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅 2. ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 3. date back (to. . . )追溯到 4. point of view观点；看法 5. relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到 6. be known for因为……而著名 7. at the beginning起初 8. lead to导致 9. play a role in在……中发挥作用 10. have trouble with在……方面有困难 11. get used to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事 12. depend on依靠，依赖 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. (why引导的定语从句) 这成为可能的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. (where引导的定语从句) 秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。 3. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. (be of＋抽象名词) 那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。 4. Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing. (“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句) 即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 5. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past. (“介词＋which”引导的定语从句) 汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。 6. As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. (as引导的时间状语从句) 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分) 1. billion n. _________________ 2. bone n. _________________ 3. shell n. _________________ 4. carve vt. & vi. _________________ 5. dynasty n. _________________ 6. dialect n. _________________ 7. semester n. _________________ Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1. _____________ adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人 2. _____________ n. 态度；看法 3. _____________ prep. 即使；尽管 4. _____________ n. 符号；象征 5. _____________ n. 方式；方法；途径 6. _____________ adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著 7. _____________ n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待 8. _____________ n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 9. _____________ n. 公共事务；事件；关系 10. _____________ n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分) 1. _____________ n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→_____________ v. 变化；不同→_____________ adj. 各种各样的 2. _____________ adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→_____________ n. 大多数 3. _____________ adj. 全球的；全世界的→_____________ n. 地球；地球仪 4. _____________ vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→_____________ n. 感激；欣赏→_____________ adj. 感激的 5. _____________ adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的→_____________ adv. 特定地；明确地 6. _____________ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→_____________ n. 乞丐 7. _____________ n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问→_____________ adj. 要求高的 8. _____________ n. 描写(文字)；形容→_____________ vt. 描述 Ⅳ. 拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1. nutrient n. _________________ 2. call forth_________________ 3. circulate vi. & vt. _________________ 4. forum n. _________________ 5. _________________ vi. 讨价还价 Ⅴ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共12分) 1. _________________浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 2. _________________追溯到 3. _________________观点；看法 4. _________________与……相关；涉及；谈到 5. _________________在……中发挥作用 6. _________________起初 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2. 5分，共20分) 1. I would like to express my ______________ to all of you. I am completely ______________ of your support. No words are enough to express how I ______________ your assistance. (appreciate) 2. All men are born ______________，so everyone hopes to be treated ______________ because ______________ is the essential demand. (equal) 3. It is an important but ______________ job，so it ______________ our joint efforts. (demand) 4. I have difficulty ______________ the tourist attraction，whose beauty is beyond ______________. (describe) 5. The company whose ______________ is in Beijing desires to build business relationship with us on the ______________ of trust and mutual benefit and their goods meet our ______________ requirements. (base) 6. When taking examinations，we are banned from ______________ to our ______________ books. (reference) 7. The chairman of the Student Council organizes ______________ of activities，______________ from English Corner to Speech Competitions. So students can improve ______________ abilities. (variety) 8. I have a lot to say in ______________ to this affair. Actually I am closely ______________ to it. (relate) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题2. 5分，共15分) 1. A good habit always ______________ high efficiency while a bad one brings the opposite. 2. Although I have lived in this city for ten years，______________ the country life is a piece of cake for me. 3. Learning that he ______________ physics，I am willing to provide him with some good proposals. 4. When you deliver the English speech，______________ the notes is forbidden. 5. I find it no use ______________ others；instead，we should learn to be independent. 6. It is a fact that Guilin ______________ its breathtaking scenery，so every year millions of tourists pour in. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分) 1. 我实在不能理解她为什么对我撒谎，我一直很信任她。(why引导的定语从句) I really can’t understand the reason _____________________________________________，whom I always have confidence in. 2. 我第一次见到她时，她告诉我她出生在一个种着许多玫瑰花的小镇。(where引导的定语从句) When I met her for the first time，she told me she was born in a small town _____________________________________________. 3. 无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多的中国习俗和传统。(话题写作之文化)(“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句) _____________________________________________，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA learn Chinese and tell them more Chinese customs and traditions. 4. 材料搜集花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面的照片。(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句) Material collecting took us a whole week，_____________________________________________. 5. 随着时间的推移，我对英文报Youth越来越感兴趣了。(as引导的时间状语从句) _____________________________________________，I have become more and more interested in the English newspaper Youth. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之甲骨文 说明文 416 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之学习马拉雅拉姆语 记叙文 507 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之语言与文化的关系 说明文 418 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之香港学习中文的经历和感悟 记叙文 496 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之学习英语的经历 记叙文 241 适中(0. 65) 读后续写 语言与文化、文化差异 自己在国外生活的体会和感受 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高一上·湖南衡阳·期末）How do we know about things that happened thousands of years ago, when there were no videos or photos? One answer is written records. The earliest written records of Chinese culture are known as oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文). They were discovered 121 years ago. More than 3,000 years ago, people in the Shang Dynasty liked to ask fortune tellers (占卜师) about the future. People asked questions about many topics such as the weather, the work and love and so on. The fortune teller would write the question on an oracle bone, heat it up, and then read it to find an answer. Tens of thousands of oracle bones have been found so far. They can tell us a great deal about how people lived during the Shang Dynasty. “They help us understand where our culture comes from,” Song Zhenhao, a leading oracle bone expert, said. In addition to telling us about ancient Chinese culture, the oracle bones are also keys to understanding the growth and development of the written form of the Chinese language. Many of the characters we use today are similar to those used 3,000 years ago. “The oracle bone inscriptions, as the earliest-known form of Chinese characters, stand for the beauty of a language that has been passed down consistently (持续地),” said Chen Nan, a professor at Tsinghua University. In 2017, UNESCO added oracle bone inscriptions to Its Memory of the World Register (“世界记忆”名录). They are indeed a valuable memory of ancient China. 1. Which year is it that the oracle bone inscriptions were discovered? A. 1898. B. 1899. C. 1900. D. 1902. 2. Which is Not the question that people asked the fortune teller? A. What will be the weather like next week? B. Will my wife give birth to a boy or a girl? C. When did the first creature appear in the world? D. Where should I go to make money? 3. What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A. The Shang Dynasty. B. The oracle bones. C. People in Shang Dynasty. D. The fortune tellers. 4. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Differences between Chinese Characters. B. The Development of Oracle Bone Inscriptions C. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Fortune Tellers. D. Written Word of Ancient Times. B （24-25高一上·河北衡水·期末）Elizabeth Keyton, originally from Georgia, the USA, married Arjun, a Malayali. She wanted to learn his mother tongue to strengthen their family bond. In the process, she created an Instagram page called “Elikutty” through which she now teaches Malayalam to thousands of people. “I always loved hearing people speak different languages, but when my mother from Serbia spoke Serbian at home, my father showed no interest in learning it, leaving frequent misunderstanding and communicating problems. That’s when I decided that if I met someone from a different culture, I would try to learn his language, which would be good for us and our family,” says Elizabeth to The Better India. “So when my relationship with Arjun started looking serious because of difficulties in communicating, I decided to learn Malayalam. However, I found that there weren’t enough resources to learn the language. Most books available were outdated or made for children. A small amount of material was often too difficult for casual (非正式的) language learners like me,” says the 35-year-old. “Later, I struggled to find a teacher suited to my needs and some grammar resources online. ” As an English teacher, Elizabeth used her teaching skills to learn Malayalam. She wrote notes and made doodles (涂鸦) to learn the letters. “For me, the best way to learn is by explaining it to someone else, so I made an Instagram page in 2018 to share my notes and small drawings,” she says. Starting out with 1,000 followers in 2018, her Instagram page has over 70,000 followers today. She is pleased to make learning Malayalam fun and easy. “I have seen what happens when languages are ignored in my own house. My brother doesn’t know Serbian, which means his family won’t. It’s important to know English as it is a global language and helps when you go abroad, but the same respect should be given to native languages. They are the true way to a person’s heart. ” says Elizabeth. 5. Why did Elizabeth decide to learn Malayalam? A. To build a foundation for her career. B. To improve her relationship with Arjun. C. To better communicate with her mother. D. To satisfy her interest in foreign languages. 6. What difficulty did Elizabeth meet during her learning? A. Rejection from her husband. B. Failure to find a native partner. C. Lack of suitable learning resources. D. Inability to find a professional teacher. 7. What was Elizabeth’s Instagram. page used to do at first? A. Collect learning tips. B. Assist her in self-study. C. Practice small drawings. D. Teach others Malayalam. 8. What is Elizabeth’s opinion on language learning? A. Using social media as the primary tool. B. Respecting our inner thinking at all times. C. Always putting the family’s common language first. D. Treating official languages and mother tongues equally. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高一上·上海·期中）It has been seen that language is much more than the external expression and communication of internal thoughts formulated independently of their verbalization. In demonstrating the inadequacy and inappropriateness of such a view of language, attention has already been drawn to the ways in which one’s native language is intimately and in all sorts of details related to the rest of one’s life in a community and to smaller groups within that community. 9 ; it is a universal fact about language. Anthropologists speak of the relations between language and culture. 10 Culture is here being used, as it is throughout this article, in the anthropological sense, to refer to all aspects of human life insofar as they are determined or conditioned by membership in a society. The fact that people eat or drink is not in itself cultural; it is a biological necessity for the preservation of life. That they eat particular foods and refrain from eating other substances, though they may be perfectly edible and nourishing, and that they eat and drink at particular times of day and in certain places are matters of culture, something “acquired by man as a member of society,” according to the classic definition of culture by the English anthropologist Sir. Edward Burnett Tylor. As thus defined and envisaged, culture covers a very wide area of human life and behavior. 11 Although the faculty of language acquisition and language use is innate and inherited, and there is legitimate debate over the extent of this innateness, every individual’s language is “acquired by man as a member of society,” along with and at the same time as other aspects of that society’s culture in which people are brought up. 12 Language can have developed only in a social setting, however this may have been structured, and human society in any form even remotely resembling what is known today or is recorded in history could be maintained only among people utilizing and understanding a language in common use. A. Society and language are mutually indispensable B. Language is a part of culture, but culture is a complex totality containing many different features C. Language is manifestly a part, probably the most important part, of it D. This is true of all peoples and all languages E. A language can become or be made a focus of the culture for a community F. It is indeed more in accordance with reality to consider language as a part of culture 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高一上·广东东莞·期中）I never planned on learning Chinese. Even when I found out I was going to Hongkong, I thought that I would be able to get by with English. However, it didn’t take long for me to 13 how naive (天真的) I was. Chinese characters are totally foreign and hard to 14 . I quickly got sick of a state of being confused and decided to 15 for the Chinese class offered by my university. I had Chinese every weekday, after which I spent at least an hour 16 the lesson. In the evening my friends and I quizzed each other on the 17 we had to memorize. More importantly, I made a conscious 18 to speak in Chinese in stores and restaurants. I was 19 when I was able to maintain a simple conversation with the locals. When I regularly achieved A’s on my Chinese exams, I thought it was time to take a 20 from studying Chinese every day and focus on my other classes. Unluckily, this turned out to be a(n) 21 . Due to the break, my whole study habits were suffering and the other lessons themselves were getting 22 . I had to come up with new study methods and 23 over. With finals drawing near, I have set my golden rule: there isn’t a(n) 24 way to learn a new language. Once you realize and accept that you are a beginner, it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, 25 , rethinking, and trying again. Can I speak it out smoothly now? Not even close. And I may 26 be. But I learned how to be honest with myself and push through 27 . 13. A. remember B. realize C. recall D. retell 14. A. understand B. teach C. write D. find 15. A. go in B. sign up C. stick up D. come in 16. A. challenging B. reminding C. reviewing D. presenting 17. A. structures B. articles C. idioms D. characters 18. A. effort B. statement C. opportunity D. proposal 19. A. relaxed B. shocked C. delighted D. stressed 20. A. chance B. result C. change D. break 21. A. mistake B. challenge C. stage D. escape 22. A. fewer B. harder C. longer D. faster 23. A. took B. finished C. memorized D. started 24. A. creative B. useful C. easy D. optional 25. A. success B. invention C. creation D. failure 26. A. often B. never C. always D. seldom 27. A. difficulties B. shortcomings C. possibilities D. disasters 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高一上·河北衡水·期末）语法填空 Learning a language is usually different from learning other subjects. It is something 28 includes a lot of practice and follow-ups. When 29 (refer) to my personal experience, I would say that I have a rich experience in learning English as a second language. I learned English for ten years starting from Grade Seven to graduation from university. After graduation, I felt that I should improve my language skills. Therefore, I made a lot of efforts 30 (increase) my fluency. Until now I still learn the language. Indeed, learning a language 31 (take) a lifetime. I still remember my first English teachers who changed 32 (frequent) in the beginning, but all of them had much in common — They used grammar-translation method. They used to write bilingual (双语) lists of words on board, and then we, as students, 33 (require) to copy these lists and memorize them by heart. All teaching was focused on reading and writing skills, but there were no 34 (activity) focusing on speaking or listening. Now, 35 is still a headache for me to fully know how to use idioms (习语) and the proper form of vocabulary. Idioms have many connotationst (言外意义) in the English language. Sometimes I use an idiom and I mean something, 36 the connotation of the idiom means something else. Besides, I should also study harder to use certain vocabulary 37 (correct). 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 38. （23-24高三下·广东韶关·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For more than 20 years I have been traveling the world, preferring often to spend a year or two in different countries rather than to just visit as a tourist. It has become an important part of my personality as I grew older and shaped the way I saw the world and myself. My little taste of this amazing life was when I was 19 years old. I was selected among a small group of college classmates to spend a year abroad. This was long before people could travel the world through social media like Facebook and Twitter. In order to see a place, you had to go there and experienced it. I was raised in a middle-class family and couldn’t afford to travel around the world the way I wished I could. The only way I knew about the world outside was through letters I wrote to pen pals from over a dozen countries as a kid, and from television. Growing up, I always loved the very funny British comedies that were shown on local public television every Saturday night. So when I got the chance to apply for a study abroad program, I chose London. Living abroad can be exciting, scary and challenging. I thought it would be easier because I spoke the same language as the local people did. But I also like to relish (享受) the little differences between the British and American culture and language. I also learned that in England, they spell words differently than in the U. S. In British spelling, they put a “u” in words like favor to make it “favour” and an “s” in words like analyze to make it “analyse”. I was able to adapt quickly to this new way of writing since I was submitting papers all the time for my classes. Academically, I got to take classes that weren’t offered at my college back home. For example, I had a course in sociology and learned about the native people of Papua New Guinea. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: But there were also challenges that year too.    _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第1部分 巩固提升 必修第一册 2025高一寒假作业 每天80分钟 （一） 答案解析版 单词复习+习题精做 习作时间 2025年 月 日 单元话题 必修第一册 Unit 5 Languages Around the World 主要内容 20分钟晨读 夯实基础 ——复习词汇和句法知识 20分钟晨检 查漏补缺 ——词汇和句法知识测试 40分钟综合能力提升 习题精做——单元话题相关全国各地真题试题精选 Unit 5 Languages Around the World Ⅰ. 阅读单词——会意 1. billion n. 十亿 2. bone n. 骨头；骨(质) 3. shell n. 壳；壳状物 4. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻 5. dynasty n. 王朝；朝代 6. dialect n. 地方话；方言 7. CE(＝Common Era)公元 8. tongue n. 舌头；语言 9. semester n. 学期 10. petrol n. (NAmE gas)汽油 11. pants n. [pl. ](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子 Ⅱ. 重点单词——记形 1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人 2. attitude n. 态度；看法 3. system n. 体系；制度；系统 4. despite prep. 即使；尽管 5. factor n. 因素；要素 6. symbol n. 符号；象征 7. means n. 方式；方法；途径 8. classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著 9. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待 10. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 11. calligraphy n. 书法；书法艺术 12. affair n. 公共事务；事件；关系 13. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 14. subway n. (BrE underground)地铁 15. apartment n. (especially NAmE)公寓套房 16. gap n. 间隔；开口；差距 17. vocabulary n. 词汇 Ⅲ. 拓展单词——悉变 1. reference n. 指称关系；参考→refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询；叫……求助于 2. based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→base vt. 以……为基础；以……为据点 n. 底部；根据；总部→basis n. 基础；基准→basic adj. 基础的→basically adv. 大体上；根本上 3. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化；不同→various adj. 各种各样的 4. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数 5. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe n. 地球；地球仪 6. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 感激；欣赏→appreciative adj. 感激的 7. specific adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv. 特定地；明确地 8. beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n. 乞丐 9. equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的→equally adv. 平等地→equality n. 平等 10. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问→demanding adj. 要求高的 11. description n. 描写(文字)；形容→describe vt. 描述 12. relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 相关的→relation/relationship n. 联系，关系 Ⅳ. 背核心短语 1. refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅 2. ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 3. date back (to. . . )追溯到 4. point of view观点；看法 5. relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到 6. be known for因为……而著名 7. at the beginning起初 8. lead to导致 9. play a role in在……中发挥作用 10. have trouble with在……方面有困难 11. get used to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事 12. depend on依靠，依赖 Ⅴ. 悟经典句式 1. There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. (why引导的定语从句) 这成为可能的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. (where引导的定语从句) 秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。 3. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. (be of＋抽象名词) 那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。 4. Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing. (“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句) 即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 5. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past. (“介词＋which”引导的定语从句) 汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。 6. As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language. (as引导的时间状语从句) 随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。 晨检得分 _______/_______ · 基础必背内容默写 Ⅰ. 阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分) 1. billion n. 十亿 2. bone n. 骨头；骨(质) 3. shell n. 壳；壳状物 4. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻 5. dynasty n. 王朝；朝代 6. dialect n. 地方话；方言 7. semester n. 学期 Ⅱ. 重点单词(每小题1分，共10分) 1. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的 n. 本地人 2. attitude n. 态度；看法 3. despite prep. 即使；尽管 4. symbol n. 符号；象征 5. means n. 方式；方法；途径 6. classic adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n. 经典作品；名著 7. regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待 8. character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点 9. affair n. 公共事务；事件；关系 10. struggle n. & vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗 Ⅲ. 拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分) 1. variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v. 变化；不同→various adj. 各种各样的 2. major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究→majority n. 大多数 3. global adj. 全球的；全世界的→globe n. 地球；地球仪 4. appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值→appreciation n. 感激；欣赏→appreciative adj. 感激的 5. specific adj. 特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv. 特定地；明确地 6. beg vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n. 乞丐 7. demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问→demanding adj. 要求高的 8. description n. 描写(文字)；形容→describe vt. 描述 Ⅳ. 拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分) 1. nutrient n. 营养素；营养物 2. call forth使产生；引起 3. circulate vi. & vt. 循环；传播 4. forum n. 论坛；讨论会 5. bargain vi. 讨价还价 Ⅴ. 核心短语(每小题2分，共12分) 1. ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱 2. date back (to. . . )追溯到 3. point of view观点；看法 4. relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到 5. play a role in在……中发挥作用 6. at the beginning起初 · 基础必背内容，语境应用 Ⅰ. 词形变化填空(每小题2. 5分，共20分) 1. I would like to express my appreciation to all of you. I am completely appreciative of your support. No words are enough to express how I appreciate your assistance. (appreciate) 2. All men are born equal，so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the essential demand. (equal) 3. It is an important but demanding job，so it demands our joint efforts. (demand) 4. I have difficulty describing the tourist attraction，whose beauty is beyond description. (describe) 5. The company whose base is in Beijing desires to build business relationship with us on the basis of trust and mutual benefit and their goods meet our basic requirements. (base) 6. When taking examinations，we are banned from referring to our reference books. (reference) 7. The chairman of the Student Council organizes varieties of activities，varying from English Corner to Speech Competitions. So students can improve various abilities. (variety) 8. I have a lot to say in relation/relationship to this affair. Actually I am closely related to it. (relate) Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题2. 5分，共15分) 1. A good habit always leads to high efficiency while a bad one brings the opposite. 2. Although I have lived in this city for ten years，getting used to the country life is a piece of cake for me. 3. Learning that he has trouble with physics，I am willing to provide him with some good proposals. 4. When you deliver the English speech，referring to the notes is forbidden. 5. I find it no use depending on others；instead，we should learn to be independent. 6. It is a fact that Guilin is known for its breathtaking scenery，so every year millions of tourists pour in. Ⅲ. 经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分) 1. 我实在不能理解她为什么对我撒谎，我一直很信任她。(why引导的定语从句) I really can’t understand the reason why she told lies to me，whom I always have confidence in. 2. 我第一次见到她时，她告诉我她出生在一个种着许多玫瑰花的小镇。(where引导的定语从句) When I met her for the first time，she told me she was born in a small town where many roses were planted. 3. 无论我多么忙，每天我都会匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习汉语，并且告诉他们更多的中国习俗和传统。(话题写作之文化)(“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句) No matter how busy I am，I will spare some time every day to help the exchange students from the USA learn Chinese and tell them more Chinese customs and traditions. 4. 材料搜集花了我们整整一周的时间，在此期间我们采访了老师并拍摄了学校生活的各个方面的照片。(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句) Material collecting took us a whole week，during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. 5. 随着时间的推移，我对英文报Youth越来越感兴趣了。(as引导的时间状语从句) As time goes by，I have become more and more interested in the English newspaper Youth. 【试题说明】 语篇 主题语境 体裁 词数（含试题） 难度系数 A 人与社会之甲骨文 说明文 416 适中(0. 65) B 人与社会之学习马拉雅拉姆语 记叙文 507 适中(0. 65) 七选五 人与社会之语言与文化的关系 说明文 418 适中(0. 65) 完形填空 人与社会之香港学习中文的经历和感悟 记叙文 496 适中(0. 65) 语法填空 人与社会之学习英语的经历 记叙文 241 适中(0. 65) 读后续写 语言与文化、文化差异 自己在国外生活的体会和感受 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 (共7小题；每小题2. 5分，满分17. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （24-25高一上·湖南衡阳·期末）How do we know about things that happened thousands of years ago, when there were no videos or photos? One answer is written records. The earliest written records of Chinese culture are known as oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文). They were discovered 121 years ago. More than 3,000 years ago, people in the Shang Dynasty liked to ask fortune tellers (占卜师) about the future. People asked questions about many topics such as the weather, the work and love and so on. The fortune teller would write the question on an oracle bone, heat it up, and then read it to find an answer. Tens of thousands of oracle bones have been found so far. They can tell us a great deal about how people lived during the Shang Dynasty. “They help us understand where our culture comes from,” Song Zhenhao, a leading oracle bone expert, said. In addition to telling us about ancient Chinese culture, the oracle bones are also keys to understanding the growth and development of the written form of the Chinese language. Many of the characters we use today are similar to those used 3,000 years ago. “The oracle bone inscriptions, as the earliest-known form of Chinese characters, stand for the beauty of a language that has been passed down consistently (持续地),” said Chen Nan, a professor at Tsinghua University. In 2017, UNESCO added oracle bone inscriptions to Its Memory of the World Register (“世界记忆”名录). They are indeed a valuable memory of ancient China. 1. Which year is it that the oracle bone inscriptions were discovered? A. 1898. B. 1899. C. 1900. D. 1902. 2. Which is Not the question that people asked the fortune teller? A. What will be the weather like next week? B. Will my wife give birth to a boy or a girl? C. When did the first creature appear in the world? D. Where should I go to make money? 3. What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A. The Shang Dynasty. B. The oracle bones. C. People in Shang Dynasty. D. The fortune tellers. 4. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Differences between Chinese Characters. B. The Development of Oracle Bone Inscriptions C. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Fortune Tellers. D. Written Word of Ancient Times. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】语言与文化 、中国文化与节日、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甲骨文——中国最早的文字记录。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“The earliest written records of Chinese culture are known as oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文). They were discovered 121 years ago. (中国最早的文字记录是甲骨文。它们是在121年前被发现的。)”可知，根据选项2024年的121年前是1903年，但考虑到是121“年前”，因此应往前推算一年，即1903年的前一年1902年是甲骨文被发现的年份。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“People asked questions about many topics such as the weather, the work and love and so on. (人们会问很多关于天气、工作和爱情等话题的问题。)”可知，人们会问很多关于天气、工作和爱情等话题的问题。但不会问世界上第一个生物是什么时候出现的，因为这是在探究生物起源问题，而非通过占卜可以得知的未来之事。故选C项。 3. 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Tens of thousands of oracle bones have been found so far. (到目前为止，已经发现了数万块甲骨文。)”以及后文“They can tell us a great deal about how people lived during the Shang Dynasty. (它们可以告诉我们很多关于商朝人们是如何生活的。)”可知，“They”指代前文提到的甲骨文，这些甲骨文能让我们了解很多关于商朝的事情，以及甲骨文帮助我们理解我们的文化从何而来，故划线词指代的内容与B选项“The oracle bones. (甲骨文)”相一致。故选B项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The earliest written records of Chinese culture are known as oracle bone inscriptions (甲骨文). (中国最早的文字记录是甲骨文。)”以及通读全文，文章主要介绍了甲骨文——中国最早的文字记录。甲骨文是商朝时期用于占卜并将结果记录在兽骨上的文字，距今已有三千多年历史。这些记录为了解商朝时期人们的生活和文化提供了宝贵信息，同时也是理解汉字发展和演变的关键。2017年，甲骨文被联合国教科文组织列入“世界记忆”名录，成为古代中国的重要记忆。文章主要讲述了古代的文字记录——甲骨文。故B选项“The Development of Oracle Bone Inscriptions(甲骨文的发展)”概括文章主要内容，符合标题，故选B。 B （24-25高一上·河北衡水·期末）Elizabeth Keyton, originally from Georgia, the USA, married Arjun, a Malayali. She wanted to learn his mother tongue to strengthen their family bond. In the process, she created an Instagram page called “Elikutty” through which she now teaches Malayalam to thousands of people. “I always loved hearing people speak different languages, but when my mother from Serbia spoke Serbian at home, my father showed no interest in learning it, leaving frequent misunderstanding and communicating problems. That’s when I decided that if I met someone from a different culture, I would try to learn his language, which would be good for us and our family,” says Elizabeth to The Better India. “So when my relationship with Arjun started looking serious because of difficulties in communicating, I decided to learn Malayalam. However, I found that there weren’t enough resources to learn the language. Most books available were outdated or made for children. A small amount of material was often too difficult for casual (非正式的) language learners like me,” says the 35-year-old. “Later, I struggled to find a teacher suited to my needs and some grammar resources online. ” As an English teacher, Elizabeth used her teaching skills to learn Malayalam. She wrote notes and made doodles (涂鸦) to learn the letters. “For me, the best way to learn is by explaining it to someone else, so I made an Instagram page in 2018 to share my notes and small drawings,” she says. Starting out with 1,000 followers in 2018, her Instagram page has over 70,000 followers today. She is pleased to make learning Malayalam fun and easy. “I have seen what happens when languages are ignored in my own house. My brother doesn’t know Serbian, which means his family won’t. It’s important to know English as it is a global language and helps when you go abroad, but the same respect should be given to native languages. They are the true way to a person’s heart. ” says Elizabeth. 5. Why did Elizabeth decide to learn Malayalam? A. To build a foundation for her career. B. To improve her relationship with Arjun. C. To better communicate with her mother. D. To satisfy her interest in foreign languages. 6. What difficulty did Elizabeth meet during her learning? A. Rejection from her husband. B. Failure to find a native partner. C. Lack of suitable learning resources. D. Inability to find a professional teacher. 7. What was Elizabeth’s Instagram. page used to do at first? A. Collect learning tips. B. Assist her in self-study. C. Practice small drawings. D. Teach others Malayalam. 8. What is Elizabeth’s opinion on language learning? A. Using social media as the primary tool. B. Respecting our inner thinking at all times. C. Always putting the family’s common language first. D. Treating official languages and mother tongues equally. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】语言与文化 、记叙文、个人经历 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了来自美国佐治亚州的Elizabeth Keyton为了加强与来自马拉雅拉姆语地区的丈夫Arjun的家庭联系，决定学习马拉雅拉姆语。在学习过程中，她发现学习资源匮乏，于是创建了一个名为“Elikutty”的Instagram页面来分享自己的学习笔记和涂鸦，以此方式教授并帮助其他人学习马拉雅拉姆语。现在，她的Instagram页面已经有了数万关注者。 5. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She wanted to learn his mother tongue to strengthen their family bond. (她想学他的母语以加强他们的家庭纽带。)”和第三段“So when my relationship with Arjun started looking serious because of difficulties in communicating, I decided to learn Malayalam. (所以当我和Arjun的关系因为沟通困难而开始变得严肃时，我决定学习马来语。)”可知，Elizabeth学Malayalam是为了改善她与Arjun的关系。故选B。 6. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“ However, I found that there weren’t enough resources to learn the language. Most books available were outdated or made for children. (然而，我发现学这门语言的资源不够。大多数可用的书籍要么过时要么是为儿童准备的。)” 可知，Elizbeth在学习过程中遇到的困难是缺乏合适的学习资源。故选C。 7. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“For me, the best way to learn is by explaining it to someone else, so I made an Instagram page in 2018 to share my notes and small drawings (对我来说，最好的学习方式就是向别人解释，所以我在2018年创建了一个Instagram页面来分享我的笔记和小画)”可知，一开始她的Instagram页面用于分享自己学习过程中的笔记和小画，即用来辅助她自学。故选B。 8. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s important to know English as it is a global language and helps when you go abroad, but the same respect should be given to native languages. (了解英语很重要，因为它是一门全球语言，在你出国时很有帮助，但同样应该尊重母语)”可推知，Elizabeth认为官方语言英语和母语应该被同等对待。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （24-25高一上·上海·期中）It has been seen that language is much more than the external expression and communication of internal thoughts formulated independently of their verbalization. In demonstrating the inadequacy and inappropriateness of such a view of language, attention has already been drawn to the ways in which one’s native language is intimately and in all sorts of details related to the rest of one’s life in a community and to smaller groups within that community. 9 ; it is a universal fact about language. Anthropologists speak of the relations between language and culture. 10 Culture is here being used, as it is throughout this article, in the anthropological sense, to refer to all aspects of human life insofar as they are determined or conditioned by membership in a society. The fact that people eat or drink is not in itself cultural; it is a biological necessity for the preservation of life. That they eat particular foods and refrain from eating other substances, though they may be perfectly edible and nourishing, and that they eat and drink at particular times of day and in certain places are matters of culture, something “acquired by man as a member of society,” according to the classic definition of culture by the English anthropologist Sir. Edward Burnett Tylor. As thus defined and envisaged, culture covers a very wide area of human life and behavior. 11 Although the faculty of language acquisition and language use is innate and inherited, and there is legitimate debate over the extent of this innateness, every individual’s language is “acquired by man as a member of society,” along with and at the same time as other aspects of that society’s culture in which people are brought up. 12 Language can have developed only in a social setting, however this may have been structured, and human society in any form even remotely resembling what is known today or is recorded in history could be maintained only among people utilizing and understanding a language in common use. A. Society and language are mutually indispensable B. Language is a part of culture, but culture is a complex totality containing many different features C. Language is manifestly a part, probably the most important part, of it D. This is true of all peoples and all languages E. A language can become or be made a focus of the culture for a community F. It is indeed more in accordance with reality to consider language as a part of culture 【答案】9. D 10. F 11. C 12. A 【难度】0. 4 【知识点】语言与文化 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文论述了语言与文化的关系，语言是社会文化的一部分，语言和文化是相互依存的关系。 9. 上文“In demonstrating the inadequacy and inappropriateness of such a view of language, attention has already been drawn to the ways in which one’s native language is intimately and in all sorts of details related to the rest of one’s life in a community and to smaller groups within that community. (在证明这种语言观的不足和不恰当时，人们已经注意到，一个人的母语与他在社区中的其他生活和社区内较小群体生活的各种细节密切相关。)”说明一个人的母语与他在社区中的其他生活和社区内较小群体生活的各种细节密切相关，空处承接上文，进一步说明语言与文化的关系。D选项“这适用于所有人和所有语言”符合语境，说明所有人和所有语言都是如此，语言与文化密切相关。故选D。 10. 上文“Anthropologists speak of the relations between language and culture. (人类学家谈到语言和文化之间的关系。)”引出语言和文化的关系话题，以及下文“Culture is here being used, as it is throughout this article, in the anthropological sense, to refer to all aspects of human life insofar as they are determined or conditioned by membership in a society. (这里所使用的文化，正如在整篇文章中一样，是从人类学意义上来说的，指的是人类生活的各个方面，只要它们是由社会成员身份所决定或制约的。)”是对文化含义的进一步阐释，空处应起到承上启下作用，表明语言与文化的具体关联，F选项“把语言视为文化的一部分确实更符合现实”既承接了前文提到的二者关系，又引出后文对文化的进一步说明，符合语境。故选F。 11. 上文“Culture is here being used, as it is throughout this article, in the anthropological sense, to refer to all aspects of human life insofar as they are determined or conditioned by membership in a society. The fact that people eat or drink is not in itself cultural; it is a biological necessity for the preservation of life. That they eat particular foods and refrain from eating other substances, though they may be perfectly edible and nourishing, and that they eat and drink at particular times of day and in certain places are matters of culture,something “acquired by man as a member of society,” according to the classic definition of culture by the English anthropologist Sir. Edward Burnett Tylor. As thus defined and envisaged, culture covers a very wide area of human life and behavior. (这里所使用的文化，正如在整篇文章中一样，是从人类学意义上来说的，指的是人类生活的所有方面，只要这些方面是由社会成员身份决定或制约的。人们吃喝的事实本身并不是文化；它是维持生命的生物必要性。根据英国人类学家爱德华·伯内特·泰勒爵士对文化的经典定义，他们吃特定的食物，不吃其他物质，尽管它们可能完全可食用且有营养，在一天中的特定时间和在特定地点吃喝，这些都是文化问题，“是人类作为社会成员所获得的”，文化就是这样定义和设想的，它涵盖了人类生活和行为的非常广泛的领域。)”说明文化涵盖的领域非常广泛，空处承接上文，指出语言与文化的关系。C选项“语言显然是它的一部分，可能是最重要的一部分”中的“it”指代前文提到的 “culture”，进一步强调语言在文化中的地位，符合语境。故选C。 12. 下文“Language can have developed only in a social setting, however this may have been structured, and human society in any form even remotely resembling what is known today or is recorded in history could be maintained only among people utilizing and understanding a language in common use. (语言只能在社会环境中发展，无论这种社会环境是如何构成的，而任何一种即使与今天所知或历史上所记载的略有相似的人类社会，也只能在共同使用和理解一种语言的人们中维持。)”说明语言只能在社会环境中发展。A选项“社会和语言是相互不可或缺的”总结了语言和社会相互依存的关系，符合语境。故选A。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （24-25高一上·广东东莞·期中）I never planned on learning Chinese. Even when I found out I was going to Hongkong, I thought that I would be able to get by with English. However, it didn’t take long for me to 13 how naive (天真的) I was. Chinese characters are totally foreign and hard to 14 . I quickly got sick of a state of being confused and decided to 15 for the Chinese class offered by my university. I had Chinese every weekday, after which I spent at least an hour 16 the lesson. In the evening my friends and I quizzed each other on the 17 we had to memorize. More importantly, I made a conscious 18 to speak in Chinese in stores and restaurants. I was 19 when I was able to maintain a simple conversation with the locals. When I regularly achieved A’s on my Chinese exams, I thought it was time to take a 20 from studying Chinese every day and focus on my other classes. Unluckily, this turned out to be a(n) 21 . Due to the break, my whole study habits were suffering and the other lessons themselves were getting 22 . I had to come up with new study methods and 23 over. With finals drawing near, I have set my golden rule: there isn’t a(n) 24 way to learn a new language. Once you realize and accept that you are a beginner, it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, 25 , rethinking, and trying again. Can I speak it out smoothly now? Not even close. And I may 26 be. But I learned how to be honest with myself and push through 27 . 13. A. remember B. realize C. recall D. retell 14. A. understand B. teach C. write D. find 15. A. go in B. sign up C. stick up D. come in 16. A. challenging B. reminding C. reviewing D. presenting 17. A. structures B. articles C. idioms D. characters 18. A. effort B. statement C. opportunity D. proposal 19. A. relaxed B. shocked C. delighted D. stressed 20. A. chance B. result C. change D. break 21. A. mistake B. challenge C. stage D. escape 22. A. fewer B. harder C. longer D. faster 23. A. took B. finished C. memorized D. started 24. A. creative B. useful C. easy D. optional 25. A. success B. invention C. creation D. failure 26. A. often B. never C. always D. seldom 27. A. difficulties B. shortcomings C. possibilities D. disasters 【答案】 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 【难度】0. 85 【知识点】语言学习经历、哲理感悟、记叙文 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在香港学习中文的经历和感悟。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快就意识到我是多么的天真。A. remember记得；B. realize意识到；C. recall回想起；D. retell复述。根据前文的“I never planned on learning Chinese. Even when I found out I was going to Hongkong, I thought that I would be able to get by with English. ”和后文的“how naive (天真的) I was”可知，从未打算学习中文的作者很快意识到自己的想法很天真。故选B。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉字完全是陌生的，很难理解。A. understand理解；B. teach教；C. write写；D. find发现。根据前文的“Chinese characters are totally foreign and hard to”和后文“I quickly got sick of a state of being confused”可知，汉字对作者来说是陌生的，让作者困惑，因此很难理解。故选A。 15. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很快就厌倦了这种困惑的状态，决定报名参加大学提供的中文课。A. go in进去；B. sign up报名参加；C. stick up坚持；D. come in进来。根据后文的“for the Chinese class offered by my university”可知，作者决定报名参加中文课。故选B。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每个工作日都有中文课，之后我至少花一个小时复习功课。A. challenging挑战；B. reminding提醒；C. reviewing复习；D. presenting提出。根据前文的“I had Chinese every weekday, after which I spent at least an hour”和后文的“the lesson”可知，作者学完后复习功课。故选C。 17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上，我和朋友们互相测试我们必须记住的汉字。A. structures结构；B. articles文章；C. idioms习语；D. characters汉字。根据后文的“we had to memorize”可知，作者和朋友们是在测试需要记住的汉字。故选D。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我有意识地努力在商店和餐馆里说中文。A. effort努力；B. statement声明；C. opportunity机会；D. proposal提议。根据后文的“to speak in Chinese in stores and restaurants”可知，作者是在努力说中文。故选A。 19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我能和当地人进行简单的对话时，我感到很高兴。A. relaxed放松的；B. shocked震惊的；C. delighted高兴的；D. stressed紧张的。根据后文的“when I was able to maintain a simple conversation with the locals”可知，作者能够进行简单的对话，因此感到很高兴。故选C。 20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在中文考试中经常得到A时，我认为是时候从每天学习中文中休息一下，专注于其他课程了。A. chance机会；B. result结果；C. change改变；D. break休息。根据前文的“When I regularly achieved A’s on my Chinese exams”和后文的“from studying Chinese every day and focus on my other classes”“Due to the break”可知，作者中文学习成绩不错，认为是从每天学习中文中休息一下的时候了。take a break“休息一下”。故选D。 21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这被证明是一个错误。A. mistake错误；B. challenge挑战；C. stage阶段；D. escape逃脱。根据前文的“Unluckily, this turned out to be a(n)”和后文的“Due to the break, my whole study habits were suffering”可知，作者停止学习中文是一个错误。故选A。 22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于休息，我的整个学习习惯都受到了影响，其他课程本身也变得更难了。A. fewer更少的；B. harder更难的；C. longer更长的；D. faster更快的。根据前文的“Unluckily, this turned out to be a(n) 　 9　. Due to the break, my whole study habits were suffering and the other lessons themselves were getting”可知，作者停止学习中文是一个错误，整个学习习惯都受到了影响，其他课程也变得更难了。故选B。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不想出新的学习方法，重新开始。A. took带走；B. finished完成；C. memorized记住；D. started开始。根据前文的“I had to come up with new study methods and”可知，作者不得不想出新的学习方法，要重新开始。故选D。 24. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着期末考试的临近，我给自己定下了一条黄金法则：学习一门新语言没有容易的方法。A. creative创造性的；B. useful有用的；C. easy容易的；D. optional可选择的。根据后文的“Once you realize and accept that you are a beginner, it becomes an ongoing process of exploration, 　13　, rethinking, and trying again”可知，一旦你意识到并接受你是一个初学者，它就成为一个持续的探索、重新思考和再试的过程。所以学习一门新语言没有容易的方法。故选C。 25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦你意识到并接受你是一个初学者，它就成为一个持续的探索、失败、重新思考和再试的过程。A. success成功；B. invention发明；C. creation创造；D. failure失败。根据前文的“it becomes an ongoing process of exploration”和后文的“rethinking, and trying again”可知，作者认为学习新语言的过程中会有失败。故选D。 26. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我可能永远不会。A. often经常；B. never从不；C. always总是；D. seldom很少。根据前文的“Can I speak it out smoothly now? Not even close. ”可知，作者认为自己可能永远不会说得很流利。故选B。 27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我学会了如何对自己诚实，克服困难。A. difficulties困难；B. shortcomings缺点；C. possibilities可能性；D. disasters灾难。根据前文可知，作者认为对于学习语言，一旦你意识到并接受自己是个初学者，这就变成了一个不断探索、失败、反思和再尝试的过程，因此学习一门语言没有简单的方法。由此表明虽然作者可能永远都不能流利的说汉语，但是在学习汉语的过程中，却学会了如何对自己诚实，如何克服困难。故选A。 第二节 语法填空 (满分15分) （24-25高一上·河北衡水·期末）语法填空 Learning a language is usually different from learning other subjects. It is something 28 includes a lot of practice and follow-ups. When 29 (refer) to my personal experience, I would say that I have a rich experience in learning English as a second language. I learned English for ten years starting from Grade Seven to graduation from university. After graduation, I felt that I should improve my language skills. Therefore, I made a lot of efforts 30 (increase) my fluency. Until now I still learn the language. Indeed, learning a language 31 (take) a lifetime. I still remember my first English teachers who changed 32 (frequent) in the beginning, but all of them had much in common — They used grammar-translation method. They used to write bilingual (双语) lists of words on board, and then we, as students, 33 (require) to copy these lists and memorize them by heart. All teaching was focused on reading and writing skills, but there were no 34 (activity) focusing on speaking or listening. Now, 35 is still a headache for me to fully know how to use idioms (习语) and the proper form of vocabulary. Idioms have many connotationst (言外意义) in the English language. Sometimes I use an idiom and I mean something, 36 the connotation of the idiom means something else. Besides, I should also study harder to use certain vocabulary 37 (correct). 【答案】 28. that 29. referring 30. to increase 31. takes 32. frequently 33. were required 34. activities 35. it 36. but 37. correctly 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】语言学习经历 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者学习英语的经历、对英语教学的回忆以及对语言学习的持续追求和挑战。 28. 考查定语从句。句意：这需要大量的练习和跟进。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词，从句中缺少主语，先行词something是复合不定代词，因此空格处用关系代词that。故填that。 29. 考查状语从句省略句。句意：当提到我的个人经历时，我想说我有丰富的英语作为第二语言学习的经验。此处是when引导时间状语从句省略句，从句主语I和从句谓语动词短语refer to是主动关系，正在进行的动作，从句谓语用be doing形式，状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，用现在分词referring。故填referring。 30. 考查不定式。句意：因此，我做了很多努力来提高我的流利程度。make efforts to do sth. 是固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to increase，故填to increase。 31. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：的确，学习一门语言需要一生的时间。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是动名词learning，空格处用第三人称单数takes，故填takes。 32. 考查副词。句意：我仍然记得我最初那些频繁更换的英语老师，但他们都有一个共同点——他们使用语法翻译法。空格处用副词frequently作状语修饰动词changed，frequently意为“频繁地”。故填frequently。 33. 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他们过去常常在黑板上写双语单词表，然后我们作为学生，被要求抄写这些单词表并记住它们。主语we和谓语动词require是被动关系，学生是被要求，且句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语students是复数，因此空格处是were required。故填were required。 34. 考查名词的复数。句意：所有的教学都集中在阅读和写作技能上，但没有针对口语或听力的活动。activity是可数名词，由were可知，空格处用复数activities，故填activities。 35. 考查代词。句意：现在，完全了解如何使用习语和正确的词汇形式对我来说仍然是一个头疼的问题。it is a headache for sb. to do sth. ，意为“做某事令某人头痛”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处用it，故填it。 36. 考查连词。句意：有时候我用了一个习语，我想表达的意思是什么，但是这个习语的内涵是别的意思。根据语境可知，句子表示“有时候我用了一个习语，我想表达的意思是什么，但是这个习语的内涵是别的意思”，空格处意为“但是”，用并列连词but，故填but。 37. 考查副词。句意：此外，我还应该更加努力地正确使用某些词汇。空格处用副词correctly作状语修饰动词use，correctly意为“正确地”，故填correctly。 第3节 应用文(本题共15分） 38. （23-24高三下·广东韶关·期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For more than 20 years I have been traveling the world, preferring often to spend a year or two in different countries rather than to just visit as a tourist. It has become an important part of my personality as I grew older and shaped the way I saw the world and myself. My little taste of this amazing life was when I was 19 years old. I was selected among a small group of college classmates to spend a year abroad. This was long before people could travel the world through social media like Facebook and Twitter. In order to see a place, you had to go there and experienced it. I was raised in a middle-class family and couldn’t afford to travel around the world the way I wished I could. The only way I knew about the world outside was through letters I wrote to pen pals from over a dozen countries as a kid, and from television. Growing up, I always loved the very funny British comedies that were shown on local public television every Saturday night. So when I got the chance to apply for a study abroad program, I chose London. Living abroad can be exciting, scary and challenging. I thought it would be easier because I spoke the same language as the local people did. But I also like to relish (享受) the little differences between the British and American culture and language. I also learned that in England, they spell words differently than in the U. S. In British spelling, they put a “u” in words like favor to make it “favour” and an “s” in words like analyze to make it “analyse”. I was able to adapt quickly to this new way of writing since I was submitting papers all the time for my classes. Academically, I got to take classes that weren’t offered at my college back home. For example, I had a course in sociology and learned about the native people of Papua New Guinea. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: But there were also challenges that year too.    _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】But there were also challenges that year too. One of my classes was called “Europe Since 1870”. In the U. S. , I would have expected an introductory history class, but in England, I was supposed to have already known the history. Now was the time to analyze it. That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did. Despite this, I don’t regret anything about my time in London. Even through painful experiences, I learn to grow. Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick. But luckily, I met some classmates from all over the world, and these wonderful interactions with people watered down my negative feelings. I met dozens of interesting people from places like France, Greece and Germany, Palestine, and Australia. Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun. Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent. 【难度】0. 65 【知识点】语言与文化 、文化差异 【导语】本文以作者对在世界各地旅游的感受为线索展开，讲述了作者在19岁被学校选中去国外度过一年开始，对国外的生活有了一些体会，作者认为在国外生活是令人兴奋的，可怕的又具有挑战性，从语言和英美文化的差异到学习课程的不同，作者从多个角度讲述了自己在国外生活的体会和感受。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但那一年也有挑战。”可知，第一段可描写作者遇到了什么样的挑战，与上文内容衔接，应讲述与课程相关的挑战。 ②由第二段首句内容“有时困难时期使我悲伤和想家。”可知，第二段可描写作者是如何从悲伤和想家中走出来的。 2. 续写线索：课程挑战——感受如何——困难时期悲伤——化解悲伤的方式——作者的感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①解释：explaining/clarify/make it clear ②冲淡：watered down/weaken ③交流/互动：interacting with/communicate with 情绪类 ①痛苦的：painful/miserable/bitter 【点睛】[高分句型1]. That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did. （运用了not only…but also…连接并列句、why引导的宾语从句作explaining的宾语以及as引导的方式状语从句） [高分句型2]. Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun. （运用了动名词短语作主语以及“疑问词+to do”结构作learning的宾语） [高分句型3]. Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent. （运用了动名词短语作主语以及省略关系代词的定语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$