内容正文:
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习
(知识点全覆盖)
重点单词变形
1.alcohol n.酒;酒精→ adj.(含)酒精的 n.酗酒者
2.psychology n.心理学;心理;心理影响→ adj.心理(学)的→ n.心理学家
3.reward n.回报;奖励;报酬 vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬→ adj.有益的;有意义的;报酬高的
4.examine vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验→ n.考试(exam);检查;审查
5.compose vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写→ n.组成;作曲;作文
6.surgeon n.外科医生→ n.外科手术;外科学
7.disturb vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼→ adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的
8.specialist n.专科医生;专家→ adj.特别的;专门的→ adv.特别地;专门
→ vt.专门研究;专门从事
9.consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师→ vt.& vi.请教;咨询 vt.查阅;参考
10.refresh vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新→ adj.令人振奋的→ n.焕发精神;恢复活力
11.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→ adj.专心致志的;全神贯注的
重点词组
1.in response to
2.rely on
3.straight away
4.decide on
5.make up one’s mind
6.be composed of
7.shave off
8.stressed out
9.worn out
一、语法填空
1.Overtime, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more (physical) fit.
2.Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed (surgeon).
3.Millions of people gave freely in (respond)to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake.
4.After the clinical examination, the (consult) invited his students to put forward any suggestions they had kicked about the nature of the disease.
5.The frequent ( disturb) from visitors taking flash photos annoyed the other attendees at the exhibition.
6.The artist’s life became (stress) as the demand for his work increased.
7.A (consult) is a person who knows a lot about a particular subject and is employed to give advice about it to other people.
8.To help us prepare for the (examine), the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
9.Jennifer is (rely).You can rely on that she will come to help us if we are in trouble.
10.Faced with so many problems, I didn’t know how to deal with them (independent).
11.You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful (respond).
12.Parents can’t company the children all their lives, so it’s a must to develop their social awareness and their sense of (independent).
13.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further- changing the actual (compose) of plants in order to get them (perform) diverse, even unusual functions.
14.Beethoven is a well-known (compose) of classical music, whose music is very touching. Listen! This is my favourite melody and it is one of his great (composition).
15.Tom is influential and (rely) while Jack is just the opposite.
16.According to the survey, three in ten drivers have experienced an accident for lack of (concentrate) while they were driving.
17.She responded with a “Thank you” in (respond) to the stranger’s kindness.
18.He is a (special) in computer programming.
19.It was a very hot day and the water was very (refresh).
20.Don’t consume so many foods because too much is harmful to our health.(sugar)
21.She has shown me a great many (disturb) things.
22.When feeling (stress), you’d better talk about feelings with someone you trust.
23.The (special) takes a few short breaks throughout the day or takes a short nap to feel energetic and (refresh).
24.Not only the activity was greatly praised but also it raised our environmental awareness. What a (reward) day!
25.I guarantee you that if you take exercise on a regular basis, you can keep (physical) healthy.
26.With his thumb up, he expressed his thanks to me (repeat). (用所给词的适当形式填空)
27.There is no reason to be (pessimism) about the future, because we are young enough to do everything.
28.The statistics are the result of independent research by economic (consult).
29.Their energy and love of life are (stimulate).
30.Last year I made an appointment to see a (special).
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Baduanjin, a form of fitness Qigong, 31 (originate) in Northern Song Dynasty with a history of more than 800 years. Initially, it developed as a way 32 (enhance) the physical health of soldiers. Over time, it evolved into a comprehensive system of exercises practiced by both martial artists and common people.
There are 33 total of eight movements, each designed to target different parts of the body and promote overall well-being. These movements are not merely physical exercises, but they also include being mentally focused with breathing 34 (control). The first movement benefits the shoulders, arms and upper back, enhancing 35 (flexible) and circulation in these areas. And the final movement involves bouncing 36 (gentle) on the toes while shaking the body, 37 releases tension throughout the body. One of the greatest advantages of Baduanjin lies in its accessibility. People from different age groups and of 38 (vary) fitness levels can practice it without any special equipment or prior experience.
In recent years, Baduanjin has enjoyed great popularity among younger generations in China. As the world evolves rapidly, many young people are seeking approaches to 39 (find) inner balance and order. By embracing Baduanjin, younger generations are keeping the ancient practice alive and finding harmony between their modern lives and the inheritance of traditional Chinese culture. This is 40 the significant meaning of practising Baduanjin lies.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Researchers at University College London have discovered that regularly taking naps is 41 (benefit) for the brain, helping to maintain its size and delay aging. Their study found that nappers’ brains were 15 cubic centimetres larger than those who did not nap, 42 is equal to delaying aging by between three and six years. However, the scientists 43 (extreme) recommend keeping naps to less than half an hour.
As we age, the brain naturally becomes smaller, and 44 naps can prevent diseases such as Alzheimer’s remains a topic for further research. Overall brain health is of 45 (important) for protecting against dementia, which is linked to disturbed sleep. Poor sleep can damage the brain over time by causing inflammation and 46 (affect) the connections between brain cells. Therefore, regular napping may protect against neurodegeneration by making up for the lack of sleep.
While napping might boost health, the opposite is also true: poor health can lead to 47 (tired) and the need for more naps. 48 (prove) the benefits of napping, the researchers used a natural experiment based on DNA.They 49 (compare) genetic “nappers” with “non-nappers” among 35, 000 people aged 40 to 69 who participated in the UK Biobank project. The results, published in the journal Sleep Health, showed a significant difference 50 brain size between the two groups, equal to 2. 6 to 6. 5 years of aging.
二、单词拼写
51.It’s not easy to (掌握) a foreign language. You need to try hard.
52.Smartphones should be used as our tools rather than (主宰) our lives.
53.For athletes, (维持) a positive public image and high media visibility is necessary.
54.It is impolite to (评论) on a person’s appearance.
55.Younger writers use (消极的) and past-tense words than older writers.
56.His effort was (回报) with great success.
57.There are many (精力充沛的) and ambitious people.
58.Not everyone agrees that programs that seek to (提高) academic skills during the preschool years are a good thing.
59.Many people might be having trouble making their (每月的) house payments during the Great Depression.
60.The (喜剧) writers often use different techniques to make their audience laugh.
61.Sorry, I can’t go shopping with you, because I will have an appointment with my (牙医) this afternoon.
62.With children, it is important to achieve the right balance between love and (纪律).
63.We interviewed some (心理学) teachers at our school, and they gave us some advice on how to improve (心理的) health.
64.The drawback to being (专家) is we often come to know more and more about less and less.
65.The doctors that were performing the procedure were the best (外科医生) in the hospital.
三、完成句子
66.Firstly, it not only helps to improve physical fitness and mental well-being, .(而且还增强团队精神与合作) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
67.Many years ago, some old citizens in Shanghai the local support of various kinds—for food, shelter, protection, information, and guidance. (依赖于) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68.Next week, the band will release its second album, which (由……构成) eight songs. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
69.It’s human nature for parents their children. (喜欢) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
70.For a speaker, it is important to (牢记)that less is more. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
71.I am writing (作为对……的回复) your recent request for more information about the company’s policy. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72.He feels it was a duty to justice and independence (为……斗争). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73.After losing her job, Lucy (依靠) her parents for financial assistance. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74.After you set a goal, it is important (坚持) it and work towards it. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75.It’s hard to (保持联系) with her. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
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参考答案:
重点单词变形
1.alcohol n.酒;酒精→alcoholic adj.(含)酒精的 n.酗酒者
2.psychology n.心理学;心理;心理影响→psychological adj.心理(学)的→psychologist n.心理学家
3.reward n.回报;奖励;报酬 vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬→rewarding adj.有益的;有意义的;报酬高的
4.examine vt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验→examination n.考试(exam);检查;审查
5.compose vt.& vi.组成;作曲;撰写→composition n.组成;作曲;作文
6.surgeon n.外科医生→surgery n.外科手术;外科学
7.disturb vt.打扰;搅乱;使烦恼→disturbing adj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的
8.specialist n.专科医生;专家→special adj.特别的;专门的→specially adv.特别地;专门→specialize vt.专门研究;专门从事
9.consultant n.顾问;高级顾问医师→consult vt.& vi.请教;咨询 vt.查阅;参考
10.refresh vt.使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新→refreshing adj.令人振奋的→refreshment n.焕发精神;恢复活力
11.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力;吸收→absorbed adj.专心致志的;全神贯注的
重点词组
1.in response to回答;答复
2.rely on依赖;依靠;信赖
3.straight away立即;马上
4.decide on决定;选定
5.make up one’s mind下定决心
6.be composed of由……组成(或构成)的
7.shave off剃掉;刮去
8.stressed out焦虑不安;疲惫不堪
9.worn out筋疲力尽的;疲惫的
1.physically
【详解】考查副词。句意:随着时间的推移,你们都将受益——你的搭档将能够举起更多的重量,你的身体也会变得更健康。空处修饰形容词fit,应用physical的副词形式physically,意为“身体上”,作状语。故填physically。
2.surgeries
【详解】考查名词的数。句意:她出生在佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭,后来搬到了巴黎,在那里她成为了一名医生,并进行外科手术。空处作performed的宾语,surgeon的派生词surgery符合题意,意为“外科手术”,且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语,可数名词surgery应用复数形式。故填surgeries。
3.response
【详解】考查介词短语。句意:数百万人响应为地震灾民募捐的呼吁,慷慨解囊。分析句子可知,此处为介词短语in response to“响应,回应”,满足句意要求。故填response。
4.consultant
【详解】考查名词。句意:临床检查后,会诊医师邀请他的学生就疾病的性质提出任何建议。空格前面是冠词the,后面要用名词consultant,意为“会诊医师”,作主语。故填consultant。
5.disturbances
【详解】考查名词。句意:参观者拍摄闪光照片的频繁干扰惹恼了展览的其他与会者。形容词后使用名词作主语,disturbance“干扰”可数名词,结合句意可知此处要使用可数名词复数作主语,故填disturbances。
6.stressful
【详解】考查形容词。句意:随着对他作品的需求增加,这位艺术家的生活变得紧张起来。作表语,表示“紧张”应用形容词stressful,故填stressful。
7.consultant
【详解】考查名词。句意:顾问是一个人谁知道很多关于一个特定的主题,并受雇为他人提供建议。空处作主语,结合句意名词consultant“顾问”符合题意,冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填consultant。
8.examination
【详解】考查名词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议我们把笔记通读一遍。空处作宾语,应用名词examination,为可数名词,结合语义及the可知此处特指“这场考试”,用名词单数形式。故填examination。
9. reliable it
【详解】考查形容词和代词。句意:珍妮佛是可靠的。你可以相信,如果我们有困难,她会来帮助我们的。根据“Jennifer is”可知,第一空缺形容词作表语,reliable作形容词,表示“可靠的”,符合句意。第二空考查rely on it that...,固定句型,it作形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语,故空处缺形式宾语it。故填①reliable②it。
10.independently
【详解】考查副词。句意:面对这么多问题,我不知道如何独立处理。修饰动词短语deal with应用副词independently,故填independently。
11.response
【详解】考查名词。句意:你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西,但这可能不会得到有用的回应。作宾语,结合不定冠词,可知用单数名词response。故填response。
12.independence
【详解】考查名词。句意:父母不可能陪伴孩子一生,所以培养他们的社会意识和独立意识是必须的。根据sense of可知,空处需填名词作宾语,independence作名词,表示“独立”,表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填independence。
13. composition to perform
【详解】考查名词和不定式。句意:麻省理工学院的工程师们在此基础上更进一步——改变植物的实际组成,以使它们发挥不同的,甚至是不寻常的功能。第一个空用compose的名词composition“组成”,作changing的宾语。结合短语get sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”,第二个空用perform“做,履行”的不定式,作宾补。故填①composition;②to perform。
14. composer compositions
【详解】考查名词。句意:贝多芬是一位著名的古典音乐作曲家,他的音乐非常感人。听!这是我最喜欢的旋律,也是他最伟大的作品之一。第一空作表语,结合不定冠词和句意可知为单数名词composer;第二空上文为one of+复数名词,结合句意,应用名词composition“作品”的复数。故填①composer;②compositions。
15.reliable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:汤姆很有影响力,也很可靠,而杰克恰恰相反。分析句子可知,此空应填形容词作表语,reliable表“可靠的”,为形容词,符合句意。故填reliable。
16.concentration
【详解】考查名词。句意:据调查,十分之三的司机曾因开车时注意力不集中而发生过事故。根据空前介词of可知,空处应用所给词的名词形式concentration“集中,专注”,作of的宾语,concentration指的是一个抽象的概念,为不可数名词。故填concentration。
17.response
【详解】考查名词。句意:作为对陌生人好意的回应,她说了句“谢谢”。空格处用名词作宾语,respond的名词是response,意为“回应”,是不可数名词,in response to意为“作为对……的回应”,因此空格处是response。故填response。
18.specialist
【详解】考查名词。句意:他是计算机编程方面的专家。根据空前的不定冠词a可知,此处应填special的名词形式specialist,专家,在句子中充当表语。故填specialist。
19.refreshing
【详解】考查形容词。句意:那天很热,水很清爽。作表语,表示水的特征,应用v-ing形式的形容词,refreshing“令人精神振作的”符合题意。故填refreshing。
20. sugary sugar
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意:不要吃那么多含糖的食物,因为太多的糖对我们的健康有害。由句意及空①后的foods以及空②前的too much 及空后的is harmful to our health可知空①应填形容词形式sugary,作定语,修饰foods,空②应填名词sugar,作主语。故空①填sugary,空②填sugar。
21.disturbing
【详解】考查形容词。句意:她给我看了许多令人不安的东西。修饰名词things,指物,需用-ing结尾的形容词disturbing,作定语。故填disturbing。
22.stressed
【详解】考查形容词。句意:当你感到有压力时,你最好和你信任的人谈谈你的感受。作表语,表示人的主观感受,应用v-ed形式的形容词,stressed“紧张的,感到有压力的”符合题意。故填stressed。
23. specialist refreshed
【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意:专家会在一天中休息几次,或者打个小盹,让自己精力充沛、神清气爽。由句意及空①后的takes a few short breaks以及空②前的to feel energetic and 可知,空①应填名词形式specialist“专家”,作主语,由谓语动词可知,此处使用名词单数形式;空②应填形容词形式refreshed“恢复精神的;清爽的”,与energetic并列,作表语。故填①specialist;②refreshed。
24.rewarding
【详解】考查形容词。句意:活动不仅受到高度赞扬,还提高了我们的环保意识。多么有意义的一天!分析可知,本句为what a/an+形容词+名词+主语结构,空处应为形容词,reward形容词为rewarding表示“值得做的;有益的”,故填rewarding。
25.physically
【详解】考查副词。句意:我向你保证,如果你定期锻炼,你可以保持身体健康。设空处修饰形容词healthy,作状语,用副词physically“身体上”,故填physically。
26.repeatedly
【详解】考查副词。句意:他翘起大拇指,反复地向我表示感谢。修饰动词expressed应用副词repeatedly,作状语。故填repeatedly。
27.pessimistic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:没有理由对未来悲观,因为我们还年轻,可以做任何事情。空前是系动词,所以空处应填形容词作表语,pessimism的形容词形式是pessimistic意为“悲观的”。故填pessimistic。
28.consultants
【详解】考查名词。句意:这些统计数据是经济顾问独立研究的结果。结合语意可知,此处表示统计数据是经济顾问的研究结果,所以空处应用名词consultant,表示“顾问”,为可数名词,使用复数形式表示泛指,作介词by的宾语。故填consultants。
29.stimulating
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们的活力和对生活的热爱令人振奋。句中用形容词形式作表语。主语Their energy and love of life 是物,所以用-ing形式形容词。故填stimulating。
30.specialist
【详解】考查名词。句意:去年我预约了一位专家。根据空格前的冠词 a 可知,空格处应填名词作宾语,“专家”是specialist,为可数名词。故填specialist。
31.originated 32.to enhance 33.a 34.controlled 35.flexibility 36.gently 37.which 38.various/varied 39.finding 40.where
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了八段锦是一种起源于北宋的健身气功,通过八个动作促进身体和精神健康,近年来在中国年轻一代中重新流行,帮助他们找到传统文化与现代生活之间的和谐。
31.考查动词时态。句意:八段锦是健身气功的一种,起源于北宋,已有800多年的历史。空处作句子的谓语,根据“in Northern Song Dynasty”可知,此处在叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时。故填originated。
32.考查非谓语动词。句意:最初,它是作为一种增强士兵身体健康的方式发展起来的。名词way后常跟动词不定式作后置定语,表示“……的方式”。故填to enhance。
33.考查冠词。句意:总共有八个动作,每个都针对身体的不同部位,促进整体健康。a total of是固定短语,意为“总共,总数为”。故填a。
34.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些动作不仅仅是体育锻炼,还包括控制呼吸,集中精神。此处用了with的复合结构,空处作宾语补足语,control“控制”和breathing逻辑上是被动关系,应用control过去分词形式。故填controlled。
35.考查名词。句意:第一个动作有益于肩膀、手臂和上背部,增强这些部位的灵活性和血液循环。空处作enhancing的宾语,flexible的名词形式flexibility符合题意,意为“灵活性”,是不可数名词。故填flexibility。
36.考查副词。句意:最后一个动作包括在摇动身体的同时轻轻弹跳脚趾,从而释放全身的紧张感。空处修饰动词bouncing,gentle的副词形式gently符合题意,意为“轻轻地”。故填gently。
37.考查定语从句。句意:最后一个动作包括在摇动身体的同时轻轻弹跳脚趾,从而释放全身的紧张感。空处引导非限制性定语从句,对前面的动名词短语表示的“在摇动身体的同时轻轻弹跳脚趾”作补充说明,从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
38.考查形容词。句意:不同年龄段和不同健身水平的人都可以练习,不需要任何特殊的设备或事先的经验。空处作修饰fitness levels的定语,vary的形容词形式various或varied符合题意,意为“各种各样的”。故填various/varied。
39.考查非谓语动词。句意:随着世界的快速发展,许多年轻人正在寻找找到内心平衡和秩序的方法。空前的to是介词,空处应用find“找到”的动名词形式,作其宾语。故填finding。
40.考查表语从句。句意:这就是练八段锦的重要意义所在。空处引导名词性从句作表语,结合从句中的“lies”可知,从句中缺少地点状语,空处需表达“何地,何处”,应用连接副词where作引导词。故填where。
41.beneficial 42.which 43.extremely 44.whether 45.importance 46.affecting 47.tiredness 48.To prove
49.compared 50.in
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要是关于伦敦大学学院的研究人员对于午睡对大脑益处的研究发现。
41.考查形容词。句意:伦敦大学学院的研究人员发现,经常小睡对大脑有益,有助于保持大脑体积,延缓衰老。空前是系动词,所以空处应填形容词作表语,应是beneficial,构成固定搭配:be beneficial for意为“有益于”。故填beneficial。
42.考查定语从句。句意:他们的研究发现,午睡者的大脑比不午睡者的大脑大15立方厘米,这相当于将衰老推迟了3到6年。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前文提到的事,在从句中作主语,用which引导。故填which。
43.考查副词。句意:然而,科学家们强烈建议将午睡时间控制在半小时以内。空处修饰空后的动词,用副词。故填extremely。
44.考查主语从句。句意:随着年龄的增长,大脑自然会变小,小睡是否能预防阿尔茨海默病等疾病仍是一个有待进一步研究的课题。空处引导主语从句,从句中结构完整,根据句意,表达“是否”之意,用whether引导。故填whether。
45.考查名词。句意:大脑的整体健康对于预防痴呆症至关重要,痴呆症与睡眠紊乱有关。空前是介词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,important的名词形式是importance。故填importance。
46.考查非谓语动词。句意:随着时间的推移,睡眠不足会引起炎症,影响脑细胞之间的联系,从而损害大脑。根据空前的and可知,空处和前文的causing并列,所以应填动名词作宾语。故填affecting。
47.考查名词。句意:虽然打盹可以促进健康,但反过来也是正确的:健康状况不佳会导致疲劳,需要更多的小睡。空前的to是介词,所以空处应填名词作宾语,tired的名词形式是tiredness。故填tiredness。
48.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了证明午睡的好处,研究人员使用了基于DNA的自然实验。本句已有谓语动词used,所以prove用非谓语形式,根据句意表目的,用不定式作目的状语,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填To prove。
49.考查动词时态。句意:他们对参与英国生物银行项目的35000名年龄在40岁到69岁之间的人进行了基因“午睡者”和“不午睡者”的比较。本句是who引导的定语从句,compare为主句谓语,根据participated可知,用一般过去时。故填compared。
50.考查介词。句意:发表在《睡眠健康》(Sleep Health)杂志上的研究结果显示,两组人的大脑大小存在显著差异,相当于衰老2.6至6.5岁。此处是固定搭配:difference in意为“在……方面的差别”。故填in。
51.master
【详解】考查动词。句意:掌握一门外语不容易。你需要努力。根据提示的汉语,表示“掌握”用动词master,位于不定式符号to之后,所以使用动词原形。故填master。
52.dominating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:智能手机应该被用作我们的工具,而不是主宰我们的生活。“主宰”用动词dominate,作介词短语rather than的宾语,用动名词形式dominating。故填dominating。
53.maintaining/to maintain
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:对于运动员来说,保持积极的公众形象和高媒体知名度是必要的。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少主语。所以用动名词或不定式作主语。动词“维持”英文为maintain。根据汉语提示及句意,故填maintaining/to maintain。
54.comment
【详解】考查动词。句意:评论一个人的外貌是不礼貌的。“It is+形容词+to do sth.”为固定句型,意为“做某事是……的”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为动词不定式;“评论”用动词comment,用动词原形构成不定式短语to comment作主语。故填comment。
55.more negative
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:年轻作家比年长作家使用更多消极的和过去时态的词汇。根据汉语提示“消极的”,以及后文 than older writers 可知此处应用形容词比较级 more negative。故填 more negative。
56.rewarded
【详解】考查语态。句意:他的努力以极大的成功作为回报。回报为“reward”,与His effort 为被动关系。所以本句为一般过去时的被动语态。故答案为rewarded。
57.dynamic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:有许多充满活力和雄心勃勃的人。and后是形容词ambitious,所以and前也用形容词。 故答案为dynamic。
58.enhance
【详解】考查动词。句意:并不是所有人都认为在学前阶段寻求提高学术技能的项目是好事。根据汉语提示“提高”可知,可用动词enhance,位于不定式符号to后,用动词原形。故填enhance。
59.monthly
【详解】考查形容词。建议:在大萧条时期,许多人可能无法支付每月的房屋贷款。“每月的”用形容词monthly作定语,修饰下文的house payments。故填monthly。
60.comedy
【详解】考查名词。句意:喜剧作家经常使用不同的技巧让观众发笑。根据汉语提示“喜剧”可知,用名词comedy,作定语,修饰名词writers。故填comedy。
61.dentist
【详解】考查名词。句意:对不起,我不能和你一起去购物,因为我今天下午要和我的牙医有个预约。根据汉语提示“牙医”可知,此处应填名词dentist,作with的宾语。故填dentist。
62.discipline
【详解】考查名词。句意:对于孩子来说,在爱和纪律之间取得适当的平衡是很重要的。根据汉语提示“纪律”,以及上文and可知此处应填名词,和名词love一起作介词between的宾语,discipline是不可数名词,故填discipline。
63. psychology psychological
【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意:我们采访了我们学校的一些心理学老师,他们就如何改善心理健康给了我们一些建议。第一空根据汉语提示“心理学”,可知此处应填名词作定语,故第一空填psychology。第二空根据汉语提示“心理的”,可知此处应填形容词psychological作定语,故第二空填psychological。故填①psychology;②psychological。
64.specialists
【详解】考查名词。句意:作为专家的缺点是,我们经常对越来越少的事情了解得越来越多。根据汉语提示和空格前的being可知,空格处应该有名词specialist作表语,可数名词,用复数形式表示泛指。故填specialists。
65.surgeons
【详解】考查名词。句意:做这个手术的医生是医院里最好的外科医生。根据汉语提示可知应用名词surgeon,根据上文doctors和were可知,此处应用surgeon的复数形式。故填surgeons。
66.but also to enhance team spirit and cooperation
【详解】考查固定短语和名词。句意:首先,它不仅有助于增强体质和心理健康,而且还增强团队精神与合作。此题考查的是not only…but also…结构,该结构用于表示“不仅……而且……”的句型。根据汉语提示“而且还增强团队精神与合作”可译为but also to enhance team spirit and cooperation.与“to improve physical fitness and mental well-being”并列,用不定式形式作宾语。故填but also to enhance team spirit and cooperation.
67.depended on/relied on
【详解】考查短语。句意:许多年前,上海的一些老年人依靠当地的各种支持——食物、住所、保护、信息和指导。depend/rely on依靠,依赖。根据时间状语Many years ago可知,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意,故填depended/relied on。
68. is composed of
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意:下周,这支乐队将发行他们的第二张专辑,其中包含八首歌曲。“由……构成”用短语be composed of表示,作定语从句谓语,描述客观事实用一般现在时态,主语which(即先行词album)是单数名词,谓语用单数形式。故填is composed of。
69. to be fond of
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意:父母喜欢自己的孩子是人的天性。“喜欢”使用固定短语be fond of,It是形式主语,空处使用动词不定式作真正的主语,故填①to②be③fond④of。
70. keep/bear it in mind
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:对于一个演讲者,重要的是要记住:少即是多。该句中使用了it作形式主语,该动词短语在句中应使用动词不定式形式做主语,前面已给出to,所以动词使用原形,表示“牢记”可使用动词短语keep/bear something in mind,根据后面的“that less is more”为宾语从句,所以空处可以使用it作形式宾语。故填keep/bear;it;in;mind。
71.in response to
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我写这封信是为了回应你最近关于公司政策的更多信息的要求。根据汉语提示“作为对……的回复”可知,此处使用固定搭配in response to,其中to为介词。故填in response to。
72. fight for
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:他觉得为正义和独立而战是一种责任。根据中文提示可知,表示“为……斗争”应用fight for,为固定搭配,和前面to构成不定式,在本句中作逻辑主语。故填fight for。
73. relied/depended on/upon
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意:失业后,露西依靠父母提供经济援助。“依靠”为“rely on”或“depend on”,句子描述的为过去的事情,一般过去时,则谓语动词使用过去式,故填①relied/depended ②on/upon。
74.to stick to
【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。句意:设定目标后,重要的是要坚持并为之努力。根据汉语提示“坚持”可知短语为者stick to,且此处为句型it be adj. for sb. to do sth.,不定式作真正的主语。故填to stick to。
75. keep in touch
【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。句意:很难与她保持联系。it’s hard to do意为“很难做某事”,此处用it作形式主语,to do不定式为真正的主语。根据空格数可知,表示“保持联系”应用keep in touch。故填①keep②in③touch。
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