精品解析：四川省宜宾市叙州区第一中学校2022-2023学年高一上学期12月期末模拟英语试题

叙州区一中2022-2023学年高一上期期末模拟考试 英语试题 本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题 95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where will the woman go? A. To the office. B. To the gym. C. To the garage. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking a meal. B. Planting a garden. C. Shopping. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A bag. B. A competition. C. A long trip. 4. How did the man go to the match? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What does the woman want to buy? A. A box. B. A coat. C. A hat. 第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the man do first last night? A. He listened to music. B. He watched TV. C. He read textbooks. 7 What is Wimbledon about? A. Music. B. Tennis. C. Films. 听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。 8. What did the woman dream about? A. She wanted to find a job. B. The man had an accident. C. The man would give up his job. 9. What does the man mean in the end? A. The woman dislikes working here. B. People have dreams because of stress. C. The woman shouldn’t tell him her dream. 听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。 10. How long did the man sleep last night? A. For two hours. B. For four hours. C. For six hours. 11. Why did the man stay up late last night? A. To watch TV. B. To play games. C. To prepare for an exam. 12. Which subject does the man have confidence in? A. Math. B. English. C. Physics. 听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。 13. What was the weather like in the town in the past week? A. Hot and dry. B. Cool and dry. C. Hot and wet. 14. What trouble did beetles cause? A. They ran into people. B. They bit people. C. They attacked animals. 15. What made adult beetles flood into the town? A. The food waste. B. The streetlights. C. The warm sunlight. 16. How did the locals’ fight against beetles turn out? A. Successful. B. Worrying. C. Unpleasant. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. Making money. B. Becoming successful. C. Choosing a good job. 18. How old was Albert Einstein when he could read? A. Four years old. B. Five years old. C. Seven years old. 19. Who was told that he had no good ideas? A. Vincent van Gogh. B. Thomas Edison. C. Walt Disney. 20. What difficulty did Michael Jordan have to overcome? A. He did not get paid for his work. B. He could not speak until he was four. C. He was not good enough to play at high school. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Picnic Shelter Reservations Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks: ● Fisher Basin Community Park ● Leroy Haagen Memorial Park ● Marine Community Park ● Marshall Community Park Picnic shelters are available to reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year. Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100. When not reserved, shelters are available for free. Reserve a picnic shelter by calling 360-487-7100. Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy If canceled one month or more before the rental date, 100% of the fee will be refunded. If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week in advance of the rental date. Frequently Asked Questions Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park? Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks. Q: What facilities are included with a picnic shelter reservation? Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter (except Marshall Community Park) and electricity (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground facilities and restrooms will be shared with the public in Fisher Basin Community Park and Leroy Haagen Memorial Park while there are private restrooms in other two parks. Park Use Permits Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you will need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. A Park Use Permit gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park. 1. According to the passage, Vancouver picnic shelters __________. A. don’t allow visitors to host events B. are available to reserve all year round C. can be used for free when not reserved D. don’t permit bringing special items 2. If you cancel 3 weeks before the rental date, how much money will you get back? A. $100. B. $75. C. $25. D. $0. 3. Which park should you choose if you want to use private restrooms and electricity? A. Marshall Community Park B. Marine Park C. Fisher Basin Community Park D. Leroy Haagen Memorial Park 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了温哥华公园和娱乐中心野餐庇护所的预定政策，包括公园名称、预定费用和电话、预定取消政策、常见问题解答、公园使用许可证等内容。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When not reserved, shelters are available for free.(如果没有预订，庇护所是可以免费使用的。)”可知，当没有预定的时候，是可以免费使用野餐庇护所的，C选项描述正确。由文章最后一段“Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you will need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation.(根据您举办的活动类型，您需要从温哥华公园和娱乐中心获得公园使用许可证)”可知，温哥华公园野餐庇护所是可以举办活动的，A选项描述错误；由文章第二段“Picnic shelters are available to reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year.(每年5月1日至9月30日期间，野餐区可供预订)”可知，野餐庇护所并不是全年可预订的，B选项描述错误；由文章最后一段“A Park Use Permit gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park.(公园使用许可证允许您携带特殊物品和设备进入公园)”可知，有公园使用许可证的情况下是可以带特殊物品进入的，D选项描述错误。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100.(预订是全天的，预订费为100美元。)”可知，预定的费用是100美元；由文章“Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy(庇护所预定取消政策)”中的“If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded.(如果在租用日期前1-4周取消，将退还75%的费用。)”可知，在租用日期前3周取消预订，将退还75%的费用，100美元的75%也就是75美元。所以，在租用日期前三周取消预订，你可以拿回75美元。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。题干“Which park should you choose if you want to use private restrooms and electricity?(如果你想使用私人洗手间和电力，你应该选择哪个公园？)”中包括两个条件，私人洗手间和电力。根据文章Frequently Asked Questions部分的“Playground facilities and restrooms will be shared with the public in Fisher Basin Community Park and Leroy Haagen Memorial Park while there are private restrooms in other two parks.(Fisher Basin社区公园和Leroy Haagen纪念公园的操场设施和卫生间将与公众共享，而其他两个公园则设有私人卫生间)”可知，Fisher Basin Community Park和Leroy Haagen Memorial Park没有私人洗手间，故可以排除；由文章“Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter(except Marshall Community Park) and electricity (there is no electricity at Marine Park).(预订包括使用庇护所内的所有野餐桌（Marshall Community Park除外）和电力（Marine Park没有电力）)”可知，Marine Park没有电力，故可排除。只有Marshall Community Park既有私人洗手间，又有电力。故选A。 B Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely leading to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned(有身体条件的)athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆 动)and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most data, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里)per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1, 000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not hit the body as hard as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1. 4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries connected with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place much stress on the ankles (脚 踝) and hips (臀部), so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first communicate with a coach or experienced racer to learn proper skills, she says. It takes some practice. 4. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They do well in the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules. D. They are good at swinging their legs. 5. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s less challenging physically. C. It’s more effective in body building. D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 6. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical examination. C. Employing an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises. 7. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A. Puzzled. B. Careful. C. Supportive. D. Worried. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走在比赛中的规则以及与走路和跑步相比时，它的优势和弊端。不是所有人都适合竞走。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.(但这项运动的规则要求竞走运动员在腿的大部分摆动过程中膝盖保持伸直，一只脚始终保持与地面接触。)”可知，竞走运动员是训练有素的，因为他们要遵循特别的竞走比赛的规定。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“As a result, she says, some of the injuries connected with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.(因此，她说，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。)”可知，与跑步相比，竞走运动员更不太容易伤到膝盖。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first communicate with a coach or experienced racer to learn proper skills, she says.(她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先与教练或有经验的选手沟通，学习正确的技能)”可知，想尝试竞走的人应该咨询一名教练或者由经验的竟走者，即咨询专业人士。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely leading to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.(研究表明，竞走与跑步在健身方面有许多共同的好处，而且很可能导致更少的受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。)”后文客观陈述竞走的优缺点，并建议在学习竞走时咨询专业人士，可知作者的态度理性谨慎。故选B项。 C A Japanese company recently released a white crust (吐司皮) milk bread that it hopes will stop the habit of removing the crust when making sandwiches. Did you know that the vast majority of milk bread sandwiches made daily in Japan have their crusts removed? Although crusted sandwich lovers do exist, the general idea is that the fluffy (蓬松的), white part of Japanese bread is tastier than the brown crust. This concept dates back to a time long ago when the crust was harder to chew (咀嚼) through, but things are definitely a lot different today. The crust is nice and soft, but people still seem to prefer crustless sandwiches. That results in a lot of food waste, but one company hopes to change that with a new white crust bread. Tokyo Chef Sugimoto and his team at the Imperial Hotel Co., Ltd. spent six months developing a new type of bread that eliminates the need to get rid of the crust. People have been coming up with all sorts of ways to recycle bread crusts in order to control food waste, but Sugimoto’s idea was to create a crust that didn’t have to be thrown away in the first place. Although Imperial Hotel did not fully reveal the secret behind its new white crust bread, it did mention that it is baked slowly at a lower temperature than regular bread, which results in a white color all through the bread and a more moist texture (材质). Imperial Hotel used to serve crustless milk bread sandwiches to its customers, but starting on October 1st of this year, they will switch to this new white crust bread, thus decreasing its food waste considerably. The white crust bread will be served in the Imperial Hotel’s restaurants and at banquets, but people will also be able to purchase it from a luxury bakery that has been operating since 1971. 8. What makes people always prefer crustless sandwiches? A. Changed taste. B. Nice colors. C. Soft texture. D. Fixed habits. 9. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Enlarge. B. Satisfy. C. Erase. D. Ignore. 10. What can we learn from the text? A. The white part is tastier but harder to chew. B. Chef Sugimoto is the first one to recycle crusts. C. The regular bread asks for a higher temperature. D. The Hotel will serve crustless sandwiches after October. 11. Why did the Imperial Hotel promote the white crust bread? A. To satisfy customers’ needs. B. To deal with the bread waste. C. To develop a new type of bread. D. To provide a new option for luxury bakeries. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文，主要讲述了帝国酒店将要采用白面包皮的原因。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“This concept dates back to a time long ago when the crust was harder to chew (咀嚼) through, but things are definitely a lot different today. The crust is nice and soft, but people still seem to prefer crustless sandwiches(这个概念可以追溯到很久以前，当时吐司皮很难咀嚼，但今天的情况肯定大不相同。吐司皮很好很软，但人们似乎还是喜欢无壳三明治)”可知，虽然吐司皮比以前更软，但人们还坚持以前的想法，更倾向于无壳三明治。由此推知，人们更喜欢无壳三明治是因为固定的习惯。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“People have been coming up with all sorts of ways to recycle bread crusts in order to control food waste, but Sugimoto’s idea was to create a crust that didn’t have to be thrown away in the first place(人们已经想出了各种各样的方法来回收面包皮，以控制食物浪费，但Sugimoto的想法是创造一种从一开始就不必扔掉的面包皮)”可知，Sugimoto的想法是创造一种不需要去掉面包皮的新型面包。由此可知，划线词坐在句子意为“东京帝国酒店的主厨Sugimoto和他的团队花了六个月的时间开发了一种无需去皮的新型面包”，即eliminates意为“去除”，故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Although Imperial Hotel did not fully reveal the secret behind its new white crust bread, it did mention that it is baked slowly at a lower temperature than regular bread, which results in a white color all through the bread and a more moist texture(虽然帝国酒店没有完全揭示其新的白面包皮背后的秘密，但它确实提到了它在比普通面包低的温度下缓慢烘焙，这导致整个面包呈白色，质地更加湿润)”可知，普通面包需要的温度高，故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“starting on October 1st of this year, they will switch to this new white crust bread, thus decreasing its food waste considerably(从今年10月1日开始，他们将改用这种新的白面包，从而大大减少食物浪费)”可知，改用白面包皮的目的是要减少食物浪费，故选B项。 D It’s natural for parents to praise their children, but offering this praise could actually backfire, according to New Science. In the study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7. The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset” (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset” (believing that your intelligence is unable to change). They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded. Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error. While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didn’t want to admit they had made a mistake, this study found that children with a fixed mindset were able to- “bounce back” after making an error, but only if they gave their full attention to the mistakes. “The main implication(暗示) here is that we should pay close attention to our mistakes and use them as opportunities to learn.” study author Hans Schroder told Science Daily. For parents, the lessons are clear-if a child hands you an A+ test, don’t say “You’re so smart!” Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off!” or “You clearly mastered this material-way to go!” Note the effort, not the intelligence. Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn. Many teachers and parents avoid addressing children’s mistakes, telling them “It’s OK. You’ll get it next time...”,without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong. Dr. Schroder says, “Instead, it’s better to reassure(安慰) children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes.” 12. How was the data collected during the research? A. By counting children’s mistakes. B. By recording children’s brain activity. C. By asking children fast-paced questions. D. By testing children’s intelligence. 13. Who most probably belongs to the “growth mindset” group? A. A boy who manages to correct every mistake by heart. B. A girl who believes her mistakes are made by chance. C. A boy who keeps an idea that he has a gift for studying. D. A girl who thinks she can get A+ without any effort. 14. How are paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 developed? A. Giving examples. B. Listing facts. C. Making a comparison. D. Using famous sayings. 15. What should parents do with the child’s mistakes in Dr. Schroder’s opinion? A. Parents should avoid talking with child about his mistakes. B. Parents should discuss the mistakes with their child patiently. C. Parents should ignore the mistakes and believe he will do better. D. Parents should compare his mistakes with others’ and blame him. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现表扬孩子可能造成不好的结果。对于孩子的优秀表现，家长应该肯定他的努力付出得到了回报，而非夸赞他的聪明；对于孩子的错误，要让他明白究竟是什么错了，怎么错的。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.（然后他们让孩子们完成一个快节奏的电脑准确性任务，在这过程中，他们就记录下孩子们大脑活动。）”可知，这项研究的数据收集是通过记录孩子们的大脑活动，故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error.（根据他们收集的数据，研究者总结，具有成长心态的孩子在犯错后，大脑反应更大，并且更有可能通过更加关注他们的错误来改善自己的表现。）”可知，A项“A boy who manages to correct every mistake by heart.（一个用心纠正自己的错误男孩）”符合具有成长心态孩子的特点，故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake,（根据他们收集的数据，研究者总结，具有成长心态的孩子在犯错后，大脑反应更大，）”和第四段“While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didn’t want to admit they had made a mistake,（然而先前的研究研究表明，固定心态的孩子并不想要承认他们犯了错，）”可知，三四段分别说明了什么是具有成长心态的孩子和具有固定心态的孩子，故三四段是在作对比，故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Dr. Schroder says, “Instead, it’s better to reassure(安慰) children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes.”（ Dr. Schroder说道，‘相反，当孩子犯错时，家长最好告诉孩子错误已经发生了，并且和孩子一起弄清楚什么地方错了，如何错的’。）”可知，当孩子犯错时，家长父母应该和孩子一起耐心地分析错误，故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Looking to make the biggest impact during a crisis? This guide will help you get the necessary resources to the right people quickly and easily, as well as help you prepare for a potential emergency. _____16_____ 1. Create a fundraiser Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. ______17______ Designate (指定) a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly, on the organization’s site or through an app; thus, you won’t have to deal with transferring donations through your personal account. 2. Collect supplies ______18______ Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have. 3. Donate your skills or time You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first. ______19______ In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation. 4. _____20_____ One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. Not only will these preventive measures protect you, but they will also limit damage in case disaster strikes. The first step is to find out which disasters are most likely to affect you. The second step is stocking up on essential emergency items. A. Learn to protect yourself. B. Prepare for a natural disaster in advance. C. Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters. D. It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of. E. Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help. F. If you’re trying to figure out how to help with natural disasters you’re in the right place. G. If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. D 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何去帮助那些受自然灾害影响人。 【16题详解】 根据空格前的句子“Looking to make the biggest impact during a crisis? This guide will help you get the necessary resources to the right people quickly and easily, as well as help you prepare for a potential emergency.(希望在危机中发挥最大的影响？本指南将帮助您快速、轻松地将必要的资源交给正确的人，并帮助您为潜在的紧急情况做好准备。)”和下文的四个具体方法可知，空格处的句子应该是承上启下的句子，引出下文的方法，所以C项“Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters.(以下是如何帮助那些受自然灾害影响的人。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据空格前的句子“Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help.(简单地说，更多的人等于更多的钱，创建你自己的资金筹集活动是一个很好的方式来鼓励那些想要帮助的人。)”和空格后的句子“Designate (指定) a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly, on the organization’s site or through an app; thus, you won’t have to deal with transferring donations through your personal account.(指定一家慈善机构接受这笔资金，这样人们就可以通过该机构的网站或应用程序直接捐款；因此，您将不必处理通过您的个人帐户转移捐款。)”可知，空格处的句子应该和通过资金筹集活动来帮助受自然灾害影响的人有关，所以G项“If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community.(如果你正在处理当地的自然灾害，从通过社区筹集资金开始。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选G项。 【18题详解】 空格后的句子“Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have.(首先查看一个组织的网站；他们通常会列出需要的东西和发送到哪里。或者给受灾地区的社区办公室打电话，看看他们有什么具体的需求。)”介绍了解受灾地区需求的方法，空格处的句子应该涉及到为什么要查看一个组织的网站或给受灾地区的社区办公室打电话。所以D项“It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of.(最好多花点时间弄清楚到底缺什么。)”填入空格处，与下文是顺接关系，下文的句子具体提到怎样弄清楚受灾地区到底缺什么。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first.(你可以联系当地的紧急服务部门，看看他们是否正在寻求帮助。如果你没有特别的技能，请提供时间帮助之后的打扫清理。但是，请务必先致电或在线查看。)”及下文“In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation.(实际上，你将给已经水深火热的受灾地区再添一个需要帮助的人。)”可知，我们应该主动向受灾地区询问，献出自己的一份力量，但不要去添麻烦。所以，E项“Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help.(不要以个人志愿者的身份去灾区，期望找到帮助的方法。)”符合语境，讲明不要给灾区再添麻烦的一种情况。故选E项。 【20题详解】 空格处是该部分的主题句。根据下文的内容“One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. Not only will these preventive measures protect you, but they will also limit damage in case disaster strikes. The first step is to find out which disasters are most likely to affect you. The second step is stocking up on essential emergency items.(在自然灾害中，你能做的最有帮助的事情之一就是提前做好准备。这些预防措施不仅能保护你，还能在灾难发生时减少损失。第一步是找出哪些灾难最有可能影响到你。第二步是储备必要的应急物品。)”可知，该部分主要是说，你要提前为自然灾害做好准备。所以，B项“Prepare for a natural disaster in advance.(提前为自然灾害做好准备。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Teenagers have built a shelter for a five-year-old boy who uses a wheelchair, after noticing he got wet while waiting for the school bus in winter. Five-year-old Ryder Killam has to ____21____ rain, wind, and snow for about 15 minutes every day, using only a patio umbrella as ____22____. But after hearing about his problem, local students in Bradford, Rhode Island, got to work and built him his own bus ____23____ during their construction lessons. Ryder began to use a wheelchair at two years old because of a ____24____ disease. He started ____25____ kindergarten this September. As Ryder was unable to ____26____ for the bus if he was running late like his peers, this would often ____27____ he’d have to wait for up to 15 minutes out in whatever weather there was. Tim, Ryder’s father, ____28____ Dan McKena, a teacher who teaches construction technology in Westerly High School, asking if he’d be interested in the ____29____ of building Ryder a bus stop hut. “He responded with an ‘_____30_____’ and then he worked with his students to _____31_____ and build the hut,” Tim said. Three of Mr Mckena’s classes worked hard on this project for numerous weeks. About $300 worth of wood was donated by Home Depot for the project, but the rest of the _____32_____ were purchased by the Killams themselves for $600, who were kept updated with photos throughout. The hut was finally delivered to the home six weeks later on November 2. Tim said, “We were _____33_____. It was much bigger than we expected and _____34_____ such great access for Ryder and an adult to be with him comfortably. “Ryders first _____35_____ was ‘Holy Cow!’ He loves it and wants to hang out it in all the time.” 21. A. struggle B. battle C. hide D. prevent 22. A. protection B. attraction C. production D. concentration 23. A. umbrella B. shelter C. model D. stop 24. A. severe B. minor C. slight D. various 25. A. arranging B. quitting C. suspending D. attending 26. A. compete B. account C. rush D. stand 27. A. mean B. sense C. prove D. mention 28. A. contacted B. contrasted C. employed D. instructed 29. A. process B. experiment C. project D. improvement 30. A. accordingly B. appropriately C. amazingly D. absolutely 31. A. create B. design C. complete D. imagine 32. A. bricks B. steels C. money D. materials 33. A. disappointed B. shocked C. curious D. generous 34. A. explores B. applies C. allows D. forces 35. A. explanation B. rejection C. pronunciation D. reaction 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位高中建筑技术教师Dan McKena与学生为了让五岁的残疾儿童Ryder Killam不受风吹雨淋，一起为他建造了一个公交车站小屋的温馨故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五岁的Ryder Killam每天要与雨、风和雪做15分钟左右的斗争，只使用一把户外伞作为保护。A. struggle斗争、抗争；B. battle搏斗；C. hide隐藏；D. prevent防止。根据上文“he got wet while waiting for the school bus in winter”以及下文“for about 15 minutes every day, using only a patio umbrella”可推知，此处指Ryder Killam只使用一把户外伞抵御风雨和大雪，与它们作斗争。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：五岁的Ryder Killam每天要与雨、风和雪做15分钟左右的斗争，只使用一把户外伞作为保护。A. protection保护；B. attraction吸引力；C. production生产；D. concentration集中。根据上文“struggle rain, wind, and snow for about 15 minutes every day, using only a patio umbrella”可推知，此处指Ryder Killam只使用一把户外伞保护自己，抵御风雨和雪。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在听说了他的问题后，罗德岛布拉德福德的当地学生开始工作，并在他们的建筑课上为他建造了自己的公交候车亭。A. umbrella雨伞；B. shelter庇护所；C. model模型；D. stop车站。根据上文“Teenagers have built a shelter for a five-year-old boy”可推知，此处指学生为Ryder Killam建造了一个专属的公交候车亭。故选B项。 24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ryder在两岁时因为一种严重的疾病开始使用轮椅。A. severe严重的；B. minor轻微的；C. slight略微的、无需重视的；D. various各种各样的。根据上文“use a wheelchair at two years old”以及下文“disease”可推知，Ryder在两岁时就开始坐轮椅，应该是得了严重的疾病。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他今年9月开始上幼儿园。A. arranging安排；B. quitting离开；C. suspending暂缓；D. attending参加、上（学）。根据上文“He started”以及下文“kindergarten this September”可推知，此处指Ryder今年9月开始上幼儿园。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果Ryder和他的同龄人一样晚到的话，他是不可能赶得上公共汽车的，这通常意味着无论天气如何，他都要在外面等上15分钟。A. compete竞争；B. account认为；C. rush冲、快速移动；D. stand站立。根据上文“unable to”以及下文“for the bus if he was running late like his peers”可推知，此处指Ryder和他的同龄人一样晚到车站的话，他就不可能赶得上公交车。固定搭配“rush for”意为“赶”，在语境中指“赶得上公交车”。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果Ryder和他的同龄人一样晚到的话，他是不可能赶得上公共汽车的，这通常意味着无论天气如何，他都要在外面等上15分钟。A. mean意思是；B. sense感觉到；C. prove证明；D. mention提到。根据上文“As Ryder was unable to rush for the bus if he was running late like his peers”可推知，此处指Ryder无法像同龄人一样赶公交车，这意味着他只能提前出门，在外面等上15分钟。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ryder的父亲Tim联系了在Westerly高中教建筑技术的教师Dan McKena，询问他是否有兴趣为Ryder建造一座公交车站小屋。A. contacted联系；B. contrasted对比；C. employed雇用；D. instructed命令。根据下文“asking”以及“He responded”可推知，此处指Ryder的父亲联系了建筑老师Dan McKena，并且得到了回复。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ryder的父亲Tim联系了在Westerly高中教建筑技术的教师Dan McKena，询问他是否有兴趣为Ryder建造一座公交车站小屋。A. process过程；B. experiment实验；C. project项目、计划；D. improvement改进。根据上文“asking if he’d be interested in”以及下文“for the project”可推知，此处指Ryder的父亲询问Dan McKena是否对为Ryder建造一座公交车站小屋的项目有兴趣。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“他的回答是‘当然’，然后他和他的学生一起设计并建造了小屋，”Tim说。A. accordingly相应地；B. appropriately适当地；C. amazingly惊人地；D. absolutely当然、绝对地。根据下文“then he worked with his students to ____11____ and build the hut”可推知，此处指Dan McKena对于Tim的请求答应的十分痛快。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他的回答是‘当然’，然后他和他的学生一起设计并建造了小屋，”Tim说。A. create创建；B. design设计；C. complete完成；D. imagine想象。根据上文“then he worked with his students”以及下文“and build the hut”可推知，设空处与下文呈递进关系，所以此处指先设计，再建造小屋。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Home Depot公司为这个项目捐赠了价值300美元的木材，但其余的材料是由Killams夫妇自己以600美元的价格购买的，他们一直在更新照片。A. bricks砖块儿；B. steels钢铁；C. money钱；D. materials材料。根据上文“but the rest of”以及下文“purchased by the Killams themselves for $600”可推知，此处指Killams夫妇花了600美元购买了建造小屋所需要的剩下的材料。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tim说：“我们感到震惊。”A. disappointed失望的；B. shocked震惊的；C. curious好奇的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“It was much bigger than we expected”可推知，此处指这个小屋超出了Killams夫妇的预期，所以他们感到震惊。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它比我们预期的要大得多，给了Ryder一个很好的机会，小屋让Ryder和一名成年人能够舒适地呆在一起。A. explores探索；B. applies申请；C. allows给予；D. forces强迫。根据下文“such great access for Ryder and an adult to be with him comfortably”可推知，此处指小屋给予了Ryder一个很好的机会，让他和大人一起在里面舒适地等车。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ryder的第一反应是‘天哪！’A. explanation解释；B. rejection拒绝；C. pronunciation发音；D. reaction反应。根据下文“Holy Cow!”可推知，此处指Ryder第一次看见小屋的反应。故选D项。 第II卷（非选择题55分） 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A lot of people in our country take a nap after lunch, so do my classmates. Recently I ___36___(make) a survey on ___37___(take) a nap after lunch among my classmates. Most of them are in the habit of sleeping for ___38___ while at noon as they believe it does good to them. The majority prefer to do so around 12:30 and the nap ___39___(usual) lasts for about 30 minutes. They often ___40___(choice) to sleep at home instead of in their classroom ___41___ dormitory (宿舍). Hopefully, the result of my survey can draw the attention of our parents and school. Since most students are in need of a nap, proper ___42___(arrange) should be made so that students can have a good rest after a whole ___43___(morning) hard work. Students should not be ___44___(ask) to do extra work during this period of time. After all, having a nap after lunch, one can feel energetic enough to study much ___45___(well) in the afternoon. 【答案】36. have made 37. taking 38. a 39. usually 40. choose 41. or 42. arrangements 43. morning’s 44. asked 45. better 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者在同班同学之间做了一个关于午后小睡的调查。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：最近，我在同学之间做了一个关于午后小睡的调查。根据“Recently”可知空格处要用现在完成时。故填have made。 【37题详解】 考查动名词。句意：最近，我在同学之间做了一个关于午后小睡的调查。该空做介词on的宾语，故填动名词taking。故填taking。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：多数人都有中午睡一会儿的习惯，因为他们相信午睡对他们有好处。for a while意为“一会儿”。 故填a。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：大多数人喜欢在12:30左右小睡，小睡时间通常持续30分钟左右。空格处的词要修饰动词lasts ，因此要用副词作状语。故填usually。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：他们经常选择在家里而不是在教室或宿舍里睡觉。该句主语为they，该空作谓语，且该句陈述的是客观事实，故该空要用一般现在时态。填choose。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们经常选择在家里而不是在教室或宿舍里睡觉。根据句意，这里为选择关系，用or。故填or。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：由于大多数学生都需要午睡，所以应该做出适当的安排，让学生在一整个上午的努力学习后可以好好休息。空格处是主语，因此要用名词。这里指各种安排，因此要用名词复数表泛指。故填arrangements。 【43题详解】 考查名词的格。句意：由于大多数学生都需要午睡，所以应该做出适当的安排，让学生在一整个上午的努力学习后可以好好休息。该空与名词短语hard work是所属关系，所以应填名词所有格形式。故填morning’s。 【44题详解】 考查语态。句意：在这段时间学生们不应该被要求做额外的作业。主语students和ask之间是被动关系，故该句应用被动语态（be done），用过去分词表被动。故填asked。 【45题详解】 考查副词的比较级。句意：毕竟，午饭后打个盹，可以让人精神焕发，精力充沛，下午的学习效率更高。本句暗含比较，即午休前后精神状态的比较，结合“much+比较级”可知，因此要用副词比较级作状语，修饰动词study。故填better。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是星光中学的学生李华，你的外国朋友Peter在你校学习汉语，请你用英语给他写一封信，主题为“健康成长”，主要内容包括： 1. 遵纪守法，努力学习； 2. 参加体育锻炼； 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已为你写好。 Dear Peter, I am Li Hua in Xing Guang middle school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Peter, I am Li Hua in Xing Guang middle school. I am glad to know that you are interested in what I usually do at school. Usually I take exercise after school so that I can keep healthy and study better. Sometimes I listen to the music for a while, which is a good way to relax myself. Of course, I help my parents with the housework at the weekends too. When I get tired, I would like to sit by the balcony and read books such as a novel, a science fiction, or even a poem. The most important for me is to obey the law and work hard. Yours truly, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给国外的朋友写信，介绍国内的健康生活方式。 【详解】词汇积累 锻炼：take exercise → work out/build up one's strength 为了：so that → in order that 对……感兴趣：be interested in → show an interest in 有时候：sometimes → from time to time 句式拓展 复合句变省略句 原句：When I get tired, I would like to sit by the balcony and read books such as a novel, a science fiction, or even a poem. 拓展句：When getting tired, I would like to sit by the balcony and read books such as a novel, a science fiction, or even a poem. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Sometimes I listen to the music for a while, which is a good way to relax myself.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I am glad to know that you are interested in what I usually do at school.（运用了that 和what引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 As a fourteen-year-old girl, you may think that the biggest problem you can probably face is failing one of your classes in high school, but not everything is as easy as it seems. My parents are going through a lot lately. We recently moved from Houston and bought a house in Dallas, and my dad had almost no money left in the bank due to the fact that he had to pay the water and electricity company in order for them to be available in my house. My brother, who was a nice, happy, free-caring six-year –old boy, just like every other, started to become very distant from us the first week we moved into the house. As much as we tried to ask him what was wrong, he wouldn’t tell us. I was really confused by the way he acted, because he normally was a nice and kind little boy who would often go out and play with the neighbours and would just be outside, enjoying the day. That little boy completely turned around and became a very distant, cold child. He would keep silent and sit in his room the whole day with the door closed. He would not go out even for supper, and we were wondering what happened. We went to talk to his teacher who said that he was very shy when it came to talking in front of the other kids, but he had developed a little confidence and started to play with the kids in his class. The teacher mentioned that he and a kid from a higher level started ‘‘hanging out” away from the rest of the kids. My mum thought of it as a good thing, thinking it meant that my brother had started to make new friends, but I knew it meant something else. I tried talking to my brother even though he didn’t want to, but he didn’t say anything dealing with the bigger kid. Paragraph 1: Until one day, he came home, crying, and it seemed I was the only one who noticed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After a while, he gave in and started telling me that the bigger kid had stolen his lunch. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Paragraph 1: Until one day, he came home, crying, and it seemed I was the only one who noticed. My brother ran to me crying badly and I noticed a huge cut in his arm. I asked him what had happened. At first, he would not tell me and when I gently comforted him and examined the cut, he stopped crying and held me tightly. Again I asked him to tell me everything. He still kept silent and would not say a word. I asked if the bigger kid had bullied him. Paragraph 2: After a while, he gave in and started telling me that the bigger kid had stolen his lunch. I told him everything would be OK. And I told him if anything had happened, he could tell our parents and me. So we went into the living room and told my dad and mom about it. Our parents also felt sad and nervous, but my brother told them not to worry. The next day we went to see the teacher and told him the whole thing. He soon called the bigger kid’s parents and they apologized to us and my brother felt as happy as before. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家最近从休斯敦搬到达拉斯，但是作者的弟弟突然变成了一个非常疏远、冷漠的孩子。作者很想和弟弟谈一谈问一问怎么回事，但没有得到想要的答案。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“直到有一天，他哭着回家，似乎只有我一个人注意到了。”可知，第一段可描写作者注意到弟弟手臂上有一个很大的伤口，作者再三追问，弟弟仍然保持沉默，一句话也不说。作者问弟弟是不是那个大孩子欺负了他。 ②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，他让步了，开始告诉我，大孩子偷了他的午餐。”可知，第二段可描写作者问出了缘由，第二天找到了老师，老师联系了大孩子家长，向作者弟弟道歉，弟弟像以前一样高兴了。 2.续写线索：注意到伤口——作者再三追问——弟弟说出事情——老师联系了大孩子家长，向作者弟弟道歉——弟弟像以前一样高兴了 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发生：happen/occur ②告诉：tell/inform ③道歉：apologize to/make an apology to 情绪类 ①悲伤的：sad/upset ②快乐的：happy/pleased/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I asked him what had happened. (由连接词what引导的宾语从句作ask的宾语) [高分句型2]. At first, he would not tell me and when I gently comforted him and examined the cut, he stopped crying and held me tightly. (由when引导的时间状语从句) 听力1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C    7. B 8. C    9. A 10. B    11. C    12. A 13. C    14. A    15. B    16. A 17. B    18. C    19. C    20. C 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 叙州区一中2022-2023学年高一上期期末模拟考试 英语试题 本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题 95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where will the woman go? A. To the office. B. To the gym. C. To the garage. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking a meal. B. Planting a garden. C. Shopping. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A bag. B. A competition. C. A long trip. 4. How did the man go to the match? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What does the woman want to buy? A. A box. B. A coat. C. A hat. 第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。 6. What did the man do first last night? A. He listened to music. B. He watched TV. C. He read textbooks. 7. What is Wimbledon about? A. Music. B. Tennis. C. Films. 听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。 8. What did the woman dream about? A. She wanted to find a job. B. The man had an accident. C. The man would give up his job. 9. What does the man mean in the end? A. The woman dislikes working here. B. People have dreams because of stress. C. The woman shouldn’t tell him her dream. 听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。 10. How long did the man sleep last night? A. For two hours. B. For four hours. C. For six hours. 11. Why did the man stay up late last night? A. To watch TV. B. To play games. C. To prepare for an exam. 12. Which subject does the man have confidence in? A. Math. B. English. C. Physics. 听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。 13. What was the weather like in the town in the past week? A. Hot and dry. B. Cool and dry. C. Hot and wet. 14. What trouble did beetles cause? A. They ran into people. B. They bit people. C. They attacked animals. 15. What made adult beetles flood into the town? A. The food waste. B. The streetlights. C. The warm sunlight. 16. How did the locals’ fight against beetles turn out? A. Successful. B. Worrying. C. Unpleasant. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. Making money. B. Becoming successful. C. Choosing a good job. 18. How old was Albert Einstein when he could read? A. Four years old. B. Five years old. C. Seven years old. 19. Who was told that he had no good ideas? A. Vincent van Gogh. B. Thomas Edison. C. Walt Disney. 20. What difficulty did Michael Jordan have to overcome? A. He did not get paid for his work. B. He could not speak until he was four. C. He was not good enough to play at high school. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Picnic Shelter Reservations Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that are available for reservation at the following parks: ● Fisher Basin Community Park ● Leroy Haagen Memorial Park ● Marine Community Park ● Marshall Community Park Picnic shelters are available to reserve between May 1 and September 30 each year. Reservations are for the entire day with a reservation fee of $100. When not reserved, shelters are available for free. Reserve a picnic shelter by calling 360-487-7100. Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy If canceled one month or more before the rental date, 100% of the fee will be refunded. If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week in advance of the rental date. Frequently Asked Questions Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park? Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks. Q: What facilities are included with a picnic shelter reservation? Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter (except Marshall Community Park) and electricity (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground facilities and restrooms will be shared with the public in Fisher Basin Community Park and Leroy Haagen Memorial Park while there are private restrooms in other two parks. Park Use Permits Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you will need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. A Park Use Permit gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park. 1. According to the passage, Vancouver picnic shelters __________. A. don’t allow visitors to host events B. are available to reserve all year round C. can be used for free when not reserved D. don’t permit bringing special items 2. If you cancel 3 weeks before the rental date, how much money will you get back? A. $100. B. $75. C. $25. D. $0. 3. Which park should you choose if you want to use private restrooms and electricity? A. Marshall Community Park B. Marine Park C. Fisher Basin Community Park D. Leroy Haagen Memorial Park B Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely leading to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned(有身体条件的)athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing (摆 动)and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most data, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里)per hour, which is about twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1, 000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not hit the body as hard as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1. 4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries connected with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place much stress on the ankles (脚 踝) and hips (臀部), so people with a history of such injuries might want to be careful in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first communicate with a coach or experienced racer to learn proper skills, she says. It takes some practice. 4. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They do well in the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules. D. They are good at swinging their legs. 5. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B It’s less challenging physically. C. It’s more effective in body building. D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 6. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical examination. C. Employing an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises. 7. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A. Puzzled. B. Careful. C. Supportive. D. Worried. C A Japanese company recently released a white crust (吐司皮) milk bread that it hopes will stop the habit of removing the crust when making sandwiches. Did you know that the vast majority of milk bread sandwiches made daily in Japan have their crusts removed? Although crusted sandwich lovers do exist, the general idea is that the fluffy (蓬松的), white part of Japanese bread is tastier than the brown crust. This concept dates back to a time long ago when the crust was harder to chew (咀嚼) through, but things are definitely a lot different today. The crust is nice and soft, but people still seem to prefer crustless sandwiches. That results in a lot of food waste, but one company hopes to change that with a new white crust bread. Tokyo Chef Sugimoto and his team at the Imperial Hotel Co., Ltd. spent six months developing a new type of bread that eliminates the need to get rid of the crust. People have been coming up with all sorts of ways to recycle bread crusts in order to control food waste, but Sugimoto’s idea was to create a crust that didn’t have to be thrown away in the first place. Although Imperial Hotel did not fully reveal the secret behind its new white crust bread, it did mention that it is baked slowly at a lower temperature than regular bread, which results in a white color all through the bread and a more moist texture (材质). Imperial Hotel used to serve crustless milk bread sandwiches to its customers, but starting on October 1st of this year, they will switch to this new white crust bread, thus decreasing its food waste considerably. The white crust bread will be served in the Imperial Hotel’s restaurants and at banquets, but people will also be able to purchase it from a luxury bakery that has been operating since 1971. 8. What makes people always prefer crustless sandwiches? A. Changed taste. B. Nice colors. C. Soft texture. D. Fixed habits. 9. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Enlarge. B. Satisfy. C. Erase. D. Ignore. 10. What can we learn from the text? A. The white part is tastier but harder to chew. B. Chef Sugimoto is the first one to recycle crusts. C. The regular bread asks for a higher temperature. D. The Hotel will serve crustless sandwiches after October. 11. Why did the Imperial Hotel promote the white crust bread? A. To satisfy customers’ needs. B. To deal with the bread waste. C. To develop a new type of bread. D. To provide a new option for luxury bakeries. D It’s natural for parents to praise their children but offering this praise could actually backfire, according to New Science. In the study, researchers at Michigan State University looked at 123 children who were about 7. The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset” (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a “fixed mindset” (believing that your intelligence is unable to change). They then asked the children to complete a fast-paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded. Based on the data they collected, the researchers concluded that children with a growth mindset were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake, and in turn were more likely to improve their performance by paying closer attention to the task after making an error. While previous research has shown that people with a fixed mindset didn’t want to admit they had made a mistake, this study found that children with a fixed mindset were able to- “bounce back” after making an error, but only if they gave their full attention to the mistakes. “The main implication(暗示) here is that we should pay close attention to our mistakes and use them as opportunities to learn.” study author Hans Schroder told Science Daily. For parents, the lessons are clear-if a child hands you an A+ test, don’t say “You’re so smart!” Instead, say “Wow, that studying really paid off!” or “You clearly mastered this material-way to go!” Note the effort, not the intelligence. Second, focus on using errors to work together and learn. Many teachers and parents avoid addressing children’s mistakes, telling them “It’s OK. You’ll get it next time...”,without giving them the opportunity to figure out what went wrong. Dr. Schroder says, “Instead, it’s better to reassure(安慰) children that mistakes happen, and to pay attention and work to figure out where and how they made the mistakes.” 12. How was the data collected during the research? A. By counting children’s mistakes. B. By recording children’s brain activity. C. By asking children fast-paced questions. D. By testing children’s intelligence. 13. Who most probably belongs to the “growth mindset” group? A. A boy who manages to correct every mistake by heart. B. A girl who believes her mistakes are made by chance. C A boy who keeps an idea that he has a gift for studying. D. A girl who thinks she can get A+ without any effort. 14. How are paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 developed? A. Giving examples. B. Listing facts. C. Making a comparison. D. Using famous sayings. 15. What should parents do with the child’s mistakes in Dr. Schroder’s opinion? A. Parents should avoid talking with child about his mistakes. B. Parents should discuss the mistakes with their child patiently. C. Parents should ignore the mistakes and believe he will do better. D. Parents should compare his mistakes with others’ and blame him. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Looking to make the biggest impact during a crisis? This guide will help you get the necessary resources to the right people quickly and easily, as well as help you prepare for a potential emergency. _____16_____ 1. Create a fundraiser Put simply, more people equals more money, and creating your own fundraiser is a great way to encourage people who want to help. ______17______ Designate (指定) a charity to receive the funds so people can donate directly, on the organization’s site or through an app; thus, you won’t have to deal with transferring donations through your personal account. 2. Collect supplies ______18______ Start by checking an organization’s website; they often have lists of what is needed and where to send it. Or call community offices in the affected area to see what specific needs they have. 3. Donate your skills or time You can contact your local emergency services, to see if they are seeking a helping hand. If you don’t have a particular skill, offer your time to help with clean up afterward. However, always call or check online first. ______19______ In reality, you will be adding one more person to the already strained situation. 4. _____20_____ One of the most helpful things you can do in a natural disaster is to prepare yourself ahead of time. Not only will these preventive measures protect you, but they will also limit damage in case disaster strikes. The first step is to find out which disasters are most likely to affect you. The second step is stocking up on essential emergency items. A. Learn to protect yourself. B. Prepare for a natural disaster in advance. C. Here is how to help those affected by natural disasters. D. It’s best to take a little extra time to figure out what is really in short of. E. Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help. F. If you’re trying to figure out how to help with natural disasters, you’re in the right place. G. If you’re dealing with a local natural disaster, start by raising money through your community. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Teenagers have built a shelter for a five-year-old boy who uses a wheelchair, after noticing he got wet while waiting for the school bus in winter. Five-year-old Ryder Killam has to ____21____ rain, wind, and snow for about 15 minutes every day, using only a patio umbrella as ____22____. But after hearing about his problem, local students in Bradford, Rhode Island, got to work and built him his own bus ____23____ during their construction lessons. Ryder began to use a wheelchair at two years old because of a ____24____ disease. He started ____25____ kindergarten this September. As Ryder was unable to ____26____ for the bus if he was running late like his peers, this would often ____27____ he’d have to wait for up to 15 minutes out in whatever weather there was. Tim, Ryder’s father, ____28____ Dan McKena, a teacher who teaches construction technology in Westerly High School, asking if he’d be interested in the ____29____ of building Ryder a bus stop hut. “He responded with an ‘_____30_____’ and then he worked with his students to _____31_____ and build the hut,” Tim said. Three of Mr Mckena’s classes worked hard on this project for numerous weeks. About $300 worth of wood was donated by Home Depot for the project, but the rest of the _____32_____ were purchased by the Killams themselves for $600, who were kept updated with photos throughout. The hut was finally delivered to the home six weeks later on November 2. Tim said, “We were _____33_____. It was much bigger than we expected and _____34_____ such great access for Ryder and an adult to be with him comfortably. “Ryders first _____35_____ was ‘Holy Cow!’ He loves it and wants to hang out it in all the time.” 21. A. struggle B. battle C. hide D. prevent 22. A. protection B. attraction C. production D. concentration 23. A. umbrella B. shelter C. model D. stop 24. A. severe B. minor C. slight D. various 25. A. arranging B. quitting C. suspending D. attending 26. A. compete B. account C. rush D. stand 27. A. mean B. sense C. prove D. mention 28. A. contacted B. contrasted C. employed D. instructed 29. A. process B. experiment C. project D. improvement 30. A. accordingly B. appropriately C. amazingly D. absolutely 31. A. create B. design C. complete D. imagine 32 A. bricks B. steels C. money D. materials 33. A. disappointed B. shocked C. curious D. generous 34. A. explores B. applies C. allows D. forces 35. A. explanation B. rejection C. pronunciation D. reaction 第II卷（非选择题55分） 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A lot of people in our country take a nap after lunch, so do my classmates. Recently I ___36___(make) a survey on ___37___(take) a nap after lunch among my classmates. Most of them are in the habit of sleeping for ___38___ while at noon as they believe it does good to them. The majority prefer to do so around 12:30 and the nap ___39___(usual) lasts for about 30 minutes. They often ___40___(choice) to sleep at home instead of in their classroom ___41___ dormitory (宿舍). Hopefully, the result of my survey can draw the attention of our parents and school. Since most students are in need of a nap, proper ___42___(arrange) should be made so that students can have a good rest after a whole ___43___(morning) hard work. Students should not be ___44___(ask) to do extra work during this period of time. After all, having a nap after lunch, one can feel energetic enough to study much ___45___(well) in the afternoon. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是星光中学的学生李华，你的外国朋友Peter在你校学习汉语，请你用英语给他写一封信，主题为“健康成长”，主要内容包括： 1. 遵纪守法，努力学习； 2. 参加体育锻炼； 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头已为你写好。 Dear Peter, I am Li Hua in Xing Guang middle school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 As a fourteen-year-old girl you may think that the biggest problem you can probably face is failing one of your classes in high school, but not everything is as easy as it seems. My parents are going through a lot lately. We recently moved from Houston and bought a house in Dallas, and my dad had almost no money left in the bank due to the fact that he had to pay the water and electricity company in order for them to be available in my house. My brother, who was a nice, happy, free-caring six-year –old boy, just like every other, started to become very distant from us the first week we moved into the house. As much as we tried to ask him what was wrong, he wouldn’t tell us. I was really confused by the way he acted, because he normally was a nice and kind little boy who would often go out and play with the neighbours and would just be outside, enjoying the day. That little boy completely turned around and became a very distant, cold child. He would keep silent and sit in his room the whole day with the door closed. He would not go out even for supper, and we were wondering what happened. We went to talk to his teacher who said that he was very shy when it came to talking in front of the other kids, but he had developed a little confidence and started to play with the kids in his class. The teacher mentioned that he and a kid from a higher level started ‘‘hanging out” away from the rest of the kids. My mum thought of it as a good thing, thinking it meant that my brother had started to make new friends, but I knew it meant something else. I tried talking to my brother even though he didn’t want to, but he didn’t say anything dealing with the bigger kid. Paragraph 1: Until one day, he came home, crying, and it seemed I was the only one who noticed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After a while, he gave in and started telling me that the bigger kid had stolen his lunch. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. C    7. B 8. C    9. A 10. B    11. C    12. A 13. C    14. A    15. B    16. A 17. B    18. C    19. C    20. C 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$