专题05 寒假知识回顾-【寒假】2025年八年级英语寒假学习讲义（译林版）

专题05 寒假知识回顾 1.冠词训练 用冠词a或an填空 1. hour 2. European country  3. b 4. s 5. orange 6. unusual story  7. useful book 8. eight-year-old girl 9. honest person   2.数词训练 Mr.Green is teacher in a middle school.In his 1 (三十多岁)，he went to Russia. He has lived Russia for about 2 (一年半). In the school, 3 of(总数） students 4 about 6 (两千).And about 6 (五分之三)students are boys. 7 (许多)boys like playing basketball.Tom is a 8 (十六岁的) student comes from 9 (三年级四班).He often plays basketball 10 (一周两次). Once The 11 (第二十届) World Basketball Championship began 12 the morning of May 25, 2010 13 Moscow, Russia.there were 14 (成千上万)people watching the game. But Tom didn’t go to watch because he had to stay in 15 (406室) with his classmates to study English. 3.名词训练 The Whites are 1 (德国人)，they come from 2 (德国). They keep many pets such as 3 (老鼠)， 4 (鹅)， 5 (绵羊）， 6 （鹿.） They like having some 7 （土豆）, 8 西红柿and some 9 （蔬菜）for lunch. After lunch they often drink some 10 （orange）. They like 11 （orange）very much. Most of their clothes are 12 (orange). Last week they had a 13 (三天的)holiday. They made a 14 (决定) to go to china to meet 15 (他们的一个朋友)Tom . when they got to 16 (Tom 的家). They met several 17 (妇女)， 18 (小孩)and two 19 (男医生). One of the doctors was Tom. His main 20 (工作) is to help 21 (穷人)keep healthy. When he heard Mr. White’s 22 (声音)he felt very happy. Then he gave Mr. White a 23 (建议) to stay in China to help the people. Because he had a wonderful 24 (经历) here.Tom regards Ningxia as his second 25 (家)because he has been here for over twenty years. 4.形容词、副词训练 1.Our manager greeted the guests _______ with a smile at the entrance. (polite) 2.For your ______, smoking is not allowed during the whole flight.(safe) 3.My daughter is much ______ now. The jeans she wore last year are already too short.(tall) 4.After the 31st Olympic Games, people all over the country thought ______ of the spirit of the Women’s Volleyball Team.(high) 5.People who often list things they are thankful for are happier and ________. (healthy) 6.One Belt One Road is ______ accepted in the world.（wide） 7.There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change. You should wash your hands _________, exercise, eat and sleep well.(careful) 8.Peter has made great progress in math ________. He studies very hard every day. (recent) 9.Sixteen-year-old children aren’t allowed to drive because they can’t drive ______.（safe） 10.The CD player will go wrong if you don't use it ________.（proper） 5.代词训练 I’m Tom. I ‘m from NO.1 middle school. In my school, students are usually interested in sports. Some like running ; 1 (一些) like swimming 2 (其他的) like ball games. But 3 (我的) interest is different from 4 (他们的). I like reading. There are quite 5 (一些) old books on the shelf , but 6 (没有) of them is useful to 7 (我). I always 8 (自学) on the internet. I have three friends in China. 9 (都)of them are famous doctors, but 10 没有 of them has been to Britain. I really want to go to China to meet 11 (我的一些朋友)and eat 12 (一些不同). I think we will (玩的开心). 6.动词时态训练 1. The girl always _________ (forget) her things everywhere. 2. The bell _________ (ring) . The students _________ (stop) talking and got ready for the class. 3. Look!It _________ (rain) outside. Neither of us _________ (want) to go boating now. 4. Jim _________ (not finish) reading the book yet. But he _________ (return) it the day after tomorrow. 5. The trees must _________ (plant) and the sand can _________ (stop) from moving toward to the rich farmland. 6. Some trees _________ (cut) down in America now. 7. When your work _________ (do) ,you can _________ (go) and play. 8. He ________(go) to college after he ________(finish) school next year. 9. I have tried three times. Let me ________(try) a fourth time. 10. He was made ________(work) for more than nine hours a day. 7.非谓语训练 1.To live a low-carbon life, we must remember the lights when we leave the room.  A.to turn off B.turning off C.not to turn off 2.After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.  A.build B.not build C.to build D.not to build 3.My parents don’t allow me late.  A.stay up B.to stay up C.stays up D.staying up 4.Joining a summer camp is a great chance free time with your friends.  A.spend B.spending C.to spend 5.We have worked so long. Shall we stop a rest?  A.have B.to having C.having D.to have 6.It’s necessary for us to our parents when we have problems.  A.to talk B.talking C.talk 7.Mr.Smith told his son the football match because of the exam.  A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesn’t watch 语法填空 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Life can be stressful (压力重的) sometimes. But you can have less stress 1 (quick) by using some simple ways. When you practice these ways more, it will be 2 (fast) to find your peace. So, 3 you feel stressed the next time, try the ways below! Practicing deep breathing (深呼吸) is really useful. It sends messages to the mind: You are safe and it’s OK 4 (relax). Breathing exercises is simple. First, breathe in through your nose 5 a short time. Then, breathe out slowly through your mouth. 6 will be more relaxing. Laughing is also very good for you. Laughter is often called the best 7 (medicine). A good laugh helps you have less stress. Watch your favorite TV shows or 8 (share) some funny pictures with your friends, you will see how you feel soon! Listening to music helps a lot. Music can help bring out your hormones (荷尔蒙) and you’ll feel happy. According to some 9 (scientist), classical music (古典音乐) can slow down your heart rate and lower your blood pressure. But, in fact, listening to 10 piece of music you like is good for you. 二 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不超过3个单词） Friends are important to everyone. 1 , some people may have trouble in keeping their friendships. Here are some ways to make your friendship 2 （deep）and stronger than before. ★Be yourself. A lot of teens try 3 （keep）the friendship once they become friends with some people. Your identity (身份) is always changing, but some of your personality will stay 4 same. Find out what those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show your love 5 （true）to the people around you. ★Avoid gossip (闲话). Friends shouldn’t speak ill (说坏话) of other friends. If you’ve heard something bad about your friends, you should find a right way of 6 （ask）them about it by 7 （you）. If you’re not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. ★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody doubts (怀疑) one of your friends. It’s important to find out both 8 （side）of the story, but it’s also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him. ★Return the care. A good friend 9 （lend）you a shoulder to cry on, if you need. A good friend will cheer you up when you’re in trouble and listen patiently when you share a problem 10 him or her. So, be sure you are as helpful as your friend because he will take notice and feel good. 三 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 A small boy was trying to move a heavy wooden box out of his yard. The box was much 1 (big) than the boy. He tried his best to move it, 2 the box would not move at all. After resting 3 a short time, the boy tried to move it once more. He pushed (推) and shoved body, but he 4 (can) not even move the box an inch. He was discouraged (气馁的). The 5 (boy) father was coming home from work at this time. He 6 (stop) to watch his son’s fruitless efforts. The father didn’t help him, but he asked, “Son, have you tried your best and are you doing everything you can?” “Yes, I am!” the boy cried. “No,” his father said 7 (quick), “you’re not. You have not asked me to help you.” 8 (ask) for help is not a weakness. At some point, even 9 best man needs help. It is important to know when to ask for help and understand why you need it. Never be afraid to ask others for help 10 you’re in trouble. 四 词语运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 Do you know how to make new friends in school? Here are some suggestions for you. First, be active to start a conversation. A smile 1 (go) a long way. If you see someone, give them a smile 2 say hi. They will smile and introduce themselves to you, too. 3 (two), remember others’ name. If not, don’t be afraid to ask them 4 (much) than once. You can say something like,“I remember you 5 (say) something very interesting yesterday and wanted to talk 6 it some more, but I’m new here and don’t remember your name yet. Would you mind telling me again?” Third, join some clubs and 7 (activity). A new school will offer more chances to explore (探索) some new interests. Fourth, have 8 opinion (看法). Share 9 (you) ideas in the new school. Your schoolmates will remember you 10 (easy). Then you will be able to make new friends. 五 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Germany, there are different kinds of high schools. They are either for workers 1 for colleges. All schools study what to teach now. Here are some things about them. Most high schools in Germany start at about 8:00 a.m. and 2 (finish) at 3:30 p.m. This means you will be busy taking classes in the morning. Also you 3 (have) time for colorful clubs after school in the afternoon. In the past, most students 4 (walk) or rode bikes. But now some schools even have school buses. Taking school buses is the 5 (good) way to go to school. Parents don’t need to send 6 (they) children to school. Schools in Germany don’t have sports clubs or after-school 7 (activity). Outside school, there are clubs for things such as soccer, dancing, 8 (sing) and so on. You can join these clubs because they are good for you. Every German state has its different schools. For example, the schools in Brandenburg will be a little different 9 those in Bavaria. So it’s important for you 10 (go) what school you can go. 阅读理解 一 Birdwatching is a fun hobby for many people. Birdwatchers like to watch birds in the wild (野外). They take photos and record birds’ sounds to learn about them. According to Xinhua, there are more than 100 million birdwatchers in China now. Young people are a big part of it. Zhang Liang is an experienced birdwatcher and photographer (摄影师). When he was a college student, he got ill for a while. His doctor advised him to go outdoors more often. He then decided to take photos of birds. Once, he took a photo of a small black and yellow songbird, he tagged it as a sparrow (麻雀) online. Soon, someone corrected him. The bird was actually a finch (芬奇). This embarrassing (尴尬的) thing made him check out on a field guide. It also made him interested in birdwatching and photography. “ ★ ” Zhang told China Daily, “My life slows down. I’ve made new friends. I’ve also met many birds I didn’t know about.” “It’s difficult to describe such feelings, especially if you have spent a lot of time in finding the bird and learned more about the bird,” he said, “I feel my heart race, my eyes widen and almost begin to smile.” Besides watching, Zhang Liang also takes photos and records sounds on field trips. Such photos of birds or other animals can also help people understand the importance of protecting animals. “Wildlife photography can catch fantastic moments in nature,” Zhang said, “They encourage (鼓励) people to earn more about what is out there and why it’s worth (值得) saving.” 1．The writer mentions “Xinhua” in para. 1 to ________. A．advise people to watch birds B．make some facts more believable C．introduce a news agency (通讯社) D．explain why people love watching birds 2．What does “It” refer to in para. 3? A．A bird. B．A field guide. C．A photo. D．An experience. 3．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．I found birdwatching interesting. B．Birdwatching takes me too much time. C．Birdwatching helps me in many ways. D．I want to take up birdwatching as a hobby. 4．The last paragraph mainly talks about Zhang Liang’s ________. A．sense of duty (责任感) B．love for the nature C．free time activities D．fantastic photographs 5．Where can we portably read the passage? A．In an art magazine. B．On the Internet. C．In Zhang Liang’s diary. D．On a notice board. 二 Why do kids make seemingly “careless” mistakes? While grown-ups may think it’s simply a matter of not listening, sometimes it’s about a failure of metacognition (元认知). Metacognition is to understand your own thinking process. It’s when you’re aware (意识到) of your own thoughts and how you learn and solve problems. It helps you realize what you’re doing, make a plan and change your plan if needed to complete hard tasks! Alicia Forsberg, a professor at the University of Sheffield, said, “Metacognition is a skill that plays an important part in learning different types of materials in many subjects.” For children, learning how to use metacognition can improve their school grades. Meanwhile, a failure of metacognition might lead to careless mistakes. Forsberg points out an important part of metacognition called meta-memory. It is the awareness of and control we have over what we remember and what we’ve forgotten. The problem for children is that they may not realize they have forgotten something. For example, a child who fails to complete a task may have forgotten the instruction (指示), and not realize it has been forgotten. Children believe that if they don’t remember seeing something, it was never there at all. However, grown-ups know forgetting happens quite often. The good news is that there are things teachers and parents can do to help. Forsberg suggests asking children what they remember about the instructions for a given task. Even if they think the instructions are easy to remember, they may still have forgotten something, so double-checking is always a good idea. Besides, making children describe what they learned in a lesson can help them realize not everything has been kept in their memory. When children develop a better awareness of their own memory skills, they can use that information to tailor their learning. That understanding might encourage students to pause (暂停) and re-watch a video they are learning from, or to look back at their notes. Children differ in their metacognitive skills, so some might need to go back and look at what they may have forgotten more often. Metacognition is like having a smart helper in your brain, which makes learning easier. If children understand their own thinking skills, they should be able to help themselves learn more effectively and avoid those seemingly “careless” mistakes. 1．According to the passage, why might children make careless mistakes? A．Because they have too many materials to learn. B．Because they are not listening carefully in class. C．Because they fail to realize they have forgotten something. D．Because they dislike most of the subjects they are learning. 2．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．News about teachers and students. B．Ideas for remembering instructions. C．Advice on understanding new lessons. D．Ways of developing kids’ metacognition. 3．The words “tailor their learning” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “________”. A．play an active part in groups B．push them to study harder C．deal with the learning pressure D．find suitable ways of learning 4．The writer probably agrees that metacognition ________. A．guides kids to follow the school rules easily B．aims to draw kids’ attention to their strong points C．helps kids have a better control over their learning D．encourages kids to take a break away from school 三 Many people say that they have a bad memory, especially when they are older. How can we improve our memory? Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this certainly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example), psychologists (心理学家) aren’t sure whether it can help you remember things for very long. The British psychologist E.C． Stanford seemed to prove this point when he tested himself on five prayers (祈祷文), especially for remembering numbers, is grouping the information. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. But look at them in groups. According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind connected to a word you want to remember. Another method is to invent a story that includes all the things you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this skill, when tested afterwards, they were able to recall 90% of them! However, not all of us are interested in learning long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying a large amount of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along. So, if you were reading about a special disease, you would ask yourself questions like: “Do people get it from water?” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about repeating things according to the passage? A．It helps short-term memory for sure. B．It helps to remember things for long. C．It makes remembering things interesting. D．It makes remembering prayers easily. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．experts B．ways C．pictures D．languages 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Creating a picture is useful in learning Maths. B．Inventing a prayer trains our memory quickly. C．Remembering long numbers is easy for people. D．Asking yourself questions is helpful for the memory. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To show that the writer’s memory is bad. B．To know some memory problems. C．To share some ways of improving memory. D．To teach some memory experiments. 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 寒假知识回顾 1.冠词训练 用冠词a或an填空 1. hour 2. European country  3. b 4. s 5. orange 6. unusual story  7. useful book 8. eight-year-old girl 9. honest person   【答案】1.an 2.a 3. a 4. an 4. an 5. an 6. an 7. a 8. an 10. an 2.数词训练 Mr.Green is teacher in a middle school.In his 1 (三十多岁)，he went to Russia. He has lived Russia for about 2 (一年半). In the school, 3 of(总数） students 4 about 6 (两千).And about 6 (五分之三)students are boys. 7 (许多)boys like playing basketball.Tom is a 8 (十六岁的) student comes from 9 (三年级四班).He often plays basketball 10 (一周两次). Once The 11 (第二十届) World Basketball Championship began 12 the morning of May 25, 2010 13 Moscow, Russia.there were 14 (成千上万)people watching the game. But Tom didn’t go to watch because he had to stay in 15 (406室) with his classmates to study English. 1.thirties 2. one and a half years 3. the number 4. is 5. two thousand 6. three fifths 7.a number of 8. sixteen-year-old 9. Class Three Grade Four 10. twice a week 11. the twentieth 12. on 13. in 14. thousands of 15. Room 406 3.名词训练 The Whites are 1 (德国人)，they come from 2 (德国). They keep many pets such as 3 (老鼠)， 4 (鹅)， 5 (绵羊）， 6 （鹿.） They like having some 7 （土豆）, 8 西红柿and some 9 （蔬菜）for lunch. After lunch they often drink some 10 （orange）. They like 11 （orange）very much. Most of their clothes are 12 (orange). Last week they had a 13 (三天的)holiday. They made a 14 (决定) to go to china to meet 15 (他们的一个朋友)Tom . when they got to 16 (Tom 的家). They met several 17 (妇女)， 18 (小孩)and two 19 (男医生). One of the doctors was Tom. His main 20 (工作) is to help 21 (穷人)keep healthy. When he heard Mr. White’s 22 (声音)he felt very happy. Then he gave Mr. White a 23 (建议) to stay in China to help the people. Because he had a wonderful 24 (经历) here.Tom regards Ningxia as his second 25 (家)because he has been here for over twenty years. 1.Germans 2.Germany 3.mice 4. geese 5.sheep 6.deer 7.potatoes 8.tomatoes 9.vegetables 10.orange 11.orange12.orange 13. three-day 14.decision 15.a friend of theirs 16.Tom’s home 17.women 18.children 19.men doctors 20.voice 21.the poor 22. voice 23.suggestion 24.experience 25.home 4.形容词、副词训练 1.Our manager greeted the guests _______ with a smile at the entrance. (polite) 【答案】politely 【解析】句意：我们的经理在入口处面带微笑，礼貌地问候客人。修饰动词greeted需用副词。故填politely。 2.For your ______, smoking is not allowed during the whole flight.(safe) 【答案】safety 【解析】句意：为了你的安全，吸烟在整个飞行过程中是不允许的。形容词性物主代词后跟名词。故填safety。 3.My daughter is much ______ now. The jeans she wore last year are already too short.(tall) 【答案】taller 【解析】句意：我女儿现在高很多了。她去年穿的牛仔裤已经太短了。根据语境及much可知应用比较级。故填taller。 4.After the 31st Olympic Games, people all over the country thought ______ of the spirit of the Women’s Volleyball Team.(high) 【答案】highly 【解析】句意：在第31届奥运会之后，全国人民高度赞扬了女排精神。固定搭配think highly of意为“高度赞扬；高度评价”。故填highly。 5.People who often list things they are thankful for are happier and ________. (healthy) 【答案】healthier 【解析】句意：那些经常列出他们感激的事的人更快乐而且更健康。and连接的两个词成分一致，and前面为happier，因此healthy也用形容词比较级。故填healthier。 6.One Belt One Road is ______ accepted in the world.（wide） 【答案】widely 【解析】句意为：一带一路被世界广泛接受。分析句子可知此处修饰的是动词，应该用副词形式，故填widely。 7.There are ways to stay healthy when seasons change. You should wash your hands _________, exercise, eat and sleep well.(careful) 【答案】carefully 【解析】句意: 当季节交替时有很多方式保持健康。你应该仔细洗手、勤锻炼、好好吃饭、好好休息。此处修饰的是动词wash，用副词形式。故填carefully。 8.Peter has made great progress in math ________. He studies very hard every day. (recent) 【答案】recently 【解析】句意：皮特最近已经在数学上取得了很大的进步。他每天都非常努力学习。分析句子结构可知空处需填副词来作状语修饰整个句子，故填recently。 9.Sixteen-year-old children aren’t allowed to drive because they can’t drive ______.（safe） 【答案】safely 【解析】句意：十六岁的孩子是不允许开车的，因为他们不能安全地驾驶。分析句子结构可知空处需填副词来修饰drive。故填safely。 10.The CD player will go wrong if you don't use it ________.（proper） 【答案】properly 【解析】句意：如果你不正确地使用这台CD播放机的话，它就会出现问题。分析句子结构可知此处需要副词来修饰动词use。故填properly。 5.代词训练 I’m Tom. I ‘m from NO.1 middle school. In my school, students are usually interested in sports. Some like running ; 1 (一些) like swimming 2 (其他的) like ball games. But 3 (我的) interest is different from 4 (他们的). I like reading. There are quite 5 (一些) old books on the shelf , but 6 (没有) of them is useful to 7 (我). I always 8 (自学) on the internet. I have three friends in China. 9 (都)of them are famous doctors, but 10 没有 of them has been to Britain. I really want to go to China to meet 11 (我的一些朋友)and eat 12 (一些不同). I think we will (玩的开心). 1.Some2 others3.mine 4.theirs 5.a few 6.none 7.me 8.teach myself 9. All 10.none 11.some friends of mine 12. something different 6.动词时态训练 1. The girl always _________ (forget) her things everywhere. 2. The bell _________ (ring) . The students _________ (stop) talking and got ready for the class. 3. Look!It _________ (rain) outside. Neither of us _________ (want) to go boating now. 4. Jim _________ (not finish) reading the book yet. But he _________ (return) it the day after tomorrow. 5. The trees must _________ (plant) and the sand can _________ (stop) from moving toward to the rich farmland. 6. Some trees _________ (cut) down in America now. 7. When your work _________ (do) ,you can _________ (go) and play. 8. He ________(go) to college after he ________(finish) school next year. 9. I have tried three times. Let me ________(try) a fourth time. 10. He was made ________(work) for more than nine hours a day. 【答案】1.forgets. 2.rang;stopped. 3.is raining;wants. 4.hasn’t finished;will return. 5.be planted;be stopped. 6.are being cut. 7.is done;go. 8.will go;finishes. 9.try 10.to work. 7.非谓语训练 1.To live a low-carbon life, we must remember the lights when we leave the room.  A.to turn off B.turning off C.not to turn off 【答案】A 【解析】句意:为了过低碳生活,我们必须记得要在离开房间的时候关灯。此题考查固定结构用法。remember to do sth.记得要做某事,remember doing sth.记得做过某事,remember not to do sth.记得不要做某事,根据前文“为了过低碳生活”可以判断出,后文是提出的倡议,应该是“记得要关灯”,因此选A。 2.After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.  A.build B.not build C.to build D.not to build 【答案】C 【解析】句意:长年战争过后,很多叙利亚人变得无家可归。我认为建设一个和平的世界很重要。本题考查非谓语动词。根据think+it+adj.+to do sth.结构可知此处要用不定式作think的真正的宾语,故答案为C项。 3.My parents don’t allow me late.  A.stay up B.to stay up C.stays up D.staying up 【答案】B 【解析】句意:我的父母不允许我熬夜。本题考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。 4.Joining a summer camp is a great chance free time with your friends.  A.spend B.spending C.to spend 【答案】C 【解析】句意:参加夏令营是和你的朋友们一起度过空闲时光的好机会。本题考查非谓语动词。a chance to do sth.意为“一个做某事的机会”,故选择C。 5.We have worked so long. Shall we stop a rest?  A.have B.to having C.having D.to have 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我们已经工作了那么长时间了。我们停下来休息一下可以吗?本题考查动词不定式。stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情,stop to do sth.停止正在做的事情去做另一件事。根据句意可知是停止工作去休息,故答案为D项。 6.It’s necessary for us to our parents when we have problems.  A.to talk B.talking C.talk 【答案】A 【解析】句意:当我们遇到问题时和父母谈谈对我们来说是必要的。本题考查非谓语动词。由固定句型It is+adj.+for sb to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说是……”可知答案为A。 7.Mr.Smith told his son the football match because of the exam.  A.not to watch B.to not watch C.not watching D.doesn’t watch 【答案】A 【解析】句意:因为考试史密斯先生告诉他儿子不要看足球赛。tell sb. not to do sth.让某人不要做某事。所以A项符合题意。 语法填空 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Life can be stressful (压力重的) sometimes. But you can have less stress 1 (quick) by using some simple ways. When you practice these ways more, it will be 2 (fast) to find your peace. So, 3 you feel stressed the next time, try the ways below! Practicing deep breathing (深呼吸) is really useful. It sends messages to the mind: You are safe and it’s OK 4 (relax). Breathing exercises is simple. First, breathe in through your nose 5 a short time. Then, breathe out slowly through your mouth. 6 will be more relaxing. Laughing is also very good for you. Laughter is often called the best 7 (medicine). A good laugh helps you have less stress. Watch your favorite TV shows or 8 (share) some funny pictures with your friends, you will see how you feel soon! Listening to music helps a lot. Music can help bring out your hormones (荷尔蒙) and you’ll feel happy. According to some 9 (scientist), classical music (古典音乐) can slow down your heart rate and lower your blood pressure. But, in fact, listening to 10 piece of music you like is good for you. 【答案】1．quickly 2．faster 3．if 4．to relax 5．for 6．It 7．medicine 8．share 9．scientists 10．a 【导语】本文讲述了减少压力的一些方法。 1．句意：但是通过使用一些简单的方法，你可以很快减轻压力。此处需要副词quickly“快速地”作状语。故填quickly。 2．句意：当你更多地练习这些方法时，你会更快找到你的平静。根据“more”可知此处需用比较级，表示更多地练习这些方法时，你会更快找到你的平静，故填faster。 3．句意：所以，下次你如果觉得压力很大，试试下面的方法吧！根据“you feel stressed the next time, try the ways below!”可知是指如果觉得压力很大，试试下面的方法，if“如果”，故填if。 4．句意：你是安全的，放松是可以的。it is+形容词+to do“做……是……”，故填to relax。 5．句意：首先，用鼻子短时间吸气。根据“a short time”可知是指一段时间，for+一段时间。故填for。 6．句意：这样会更放松。此处用人称代词主格it作主语，指代前文的放松方式，故填It。 7．句意：笑常常被称为最好的药。medicine“药”不可数名词，故填medicine。 8．句意：看你最喜欢的电视节目，或者和你的朋友分享一些有趣的图片，你很快就会知道你的感受了！表并列的share也应与“watch”一样用原形，故填share。 9．句意：根据一些科学家的说法，古典音乐可以减慢你的心率，降低你的血压。空前是some，后接名词复数形式。故填scientists。 10．句意：但事实上，听一首你喜欢的音乐对你有好处。a piece of“一首”，故填a。 二 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每空不超过3个单词） Friends are important to everyone. 1 , some people may have trouble in keeping their friendships. Here are some ways to make your friendship 2 （deep）and stronger than before. ★Be yourself. A lot of teens try 3 （keep）the friendship once they become friends with some people. Your identity (身份) is always changing, but some of your personality will stay 4 same. Find out what those things are, think hard about who you want to be, and then show your love 5 （true）to the people around you. ★Avoid gossip (闲话). Friends shouldn’t speak ill (说坏话) of other friends. If you’ve heard something bad about your friends, you should find a right way of 6 （ask）them about it by 7 （you）. If you’re not sure how to talk to them about it, ask a trusted friend for advice. ★Protect your friends. Very often, somebody doubts (怀疑) one of your friends. It’s important to find out both 8 （side）of the story, but it’s also a good chance to show your friend that you trust him by telling him. ★Return the care. A good friend 9 （lend）you a shoulder to cry on, if you need. A good friend will cheer you up when you’re in trouble and listen patiently when you share a problem 10 him or her. So, be sure you are as helpful as your friend because he will take notice and feel good. 【答案】1．However 2．deeper 3．to keep 4．the 5．truly 6．asking 7．yourself 8．sides 9．will lend 10．with 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何与朋友保持友谊的方法。 1．句意：然而，有些人可能难以保持友谊。根据前后文可知，此处存在转折关系，且有逗号隔开，故应用however，意为“然而”，且位于句首首字母应大写。故填However。 2．句意：以下是一些如何让你的友谊更加深厚和牢固的建议。空格后为并列结构“and stronger”，故此处应用形容词deep“深厚”的比较级形式。故填deeper。 3．句意：许多青少年一旦与一些人成为朋友，就会努力保持友谊。try to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”，符合句意，故填to keep。 4．句意：但是你的一些个性将保持不变。same前要加the。the same“同样的”，故填the。 5．句意：找出那些东西是什么，认真思考你想成为什么样的人，然后向周围的人真诚表达你的爱。根据句子结构，空格处应填副词，修饰动词“show”。形容词true的副词形式为truly，意为“真正地”，故填truly。 6．句意：如果你听说朋友有什么不好的地方，你应该找到一个正确的方法，自己问问他们。空格前为介词“of”，故动词ask应用ing形式。故填asking。 7．句意：如果你听说朋友有什么不好的地方，你应该找到一个正确的方法，自己问问他们。by oneself意为“亲自”，you的反身代词为yourself，即“你自己”，故填yourself。 8．句意：重要的是找出事情的两面性。但是这也是一个好的机会来向你的朋友表明你信任他。both后接名词复数形式，故填sides。 9．句意：一个好的朋友会借给你一个肩膀来哭泣，当你需要的时候。根据“if you need”可知此处是if引导的条件句，空处在主句位置，应用一般将来时，故填will lend。 10．句意：当你遇到困难时，好朋友会让你振作起来，当你的朋友与你分享问题时，会耐心倾听。share sth. with sb.为固定搭配，意为“跟某人分享某物”，符合句意，故填with。 三 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 A small boy was trying to move a heavy wooden box out of his yard. The box was much 1 (big) than the boy. He tried his best to move it, 2 the box would not move at all. After resting 3 a short time, the boy tried to move it once more. He pushed (推) and shoved body, but he 4 (can) not even move the box an inch. He was discouraged (气馁的). The 5 (boy) father was coming home from work at this time. He 6 (stop) to watch his son’s fruitless efforts. The father didn’t help him, but he asked, “Son, have you tried your best and are you doing everything you can?” “Yes, I am!” the boy cried. “No,” his father said 7 (quick), “you’re not. You have not asked me to help you.” 8 (ask) for help is not a weakness. At some point, even 9 best man needs help. It is important to know when to ask for help and understand why you need it. Never be afraid to ask others for help 10 you’re in trouble. 【答案】1．bigger 2．but 3．for 4．could 5．boy’s 6．stopped 7．quickly 8．Asking 9．the 10．when/if 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述小男孩移动大箱子的经过告诉我们当我们处在麻烦中时不要害怕求助。 1．句意：箱子比男孩大得多。big“大的”，形容词，根据“than”可知此处应填其比较级形式，故填bigger。 2．句意：他尽最大的努力搬它，但是箱子一点不动。根据“He tried his best to move it”和“the box would not move at all”可知二者为转折关系，且其后没有逗号隔开，故填but。 3．句意：短时间休息后，男孩再一次尽力移动它。a short time“短时间”为时间段，其前加介词for，表某事或动作持续一段时间，故填for。 4．句意：他推搡身体，但是他甚至不能移动箱子一寸。根据“He pushed and shoved body”可知句子时态为一般过去时，故填could。 5．句意：在那时，男孩的爸爸正下班回家。根据“father”可知此处应填其所有格形式，故填boy’s。 6．句意：他停下来看他的儿子没有结果的努力。根据“The father didn’t help him”可知句子时态为一般过去时，故填stopped。 7．句意：他的爸爸迅速地说。quick“快的”，形容词，此处应填副词修饰动词，故填quickly。 8．句意：寻求帮助不是软弱。ask“请求”，动词，此处作主语应用其动名词形式，位于句首首字母需要大写，故填Asking。 9．句意：某种情况下，甚至最棒的人也需要帮助。best“最棒的”，形容词最高级，其前应加定冠词the，故填the。 10．句意：当/如果你在麻烦中，从来不要害怕向别人求助。根据“you’re in trouble”和“Never be afraid to ask others for help”可知此处引导时间状语从句或条件状语从句，故填when/if。 四 词语运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词（有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式）。 Do you know how to make new friends in school? Here are some suggestions for you. First, be active to start a conversation. A smile 1 (go) a long way. If you see someone, give them a smile 2 say hi. They will smile and introduce themselves to you, too. 3 (two), remember others’ name. If not, don’t be afraid to ask them 4 (much) than once. You can say something like,“I remember you 5 (say) something very interesting yesterday and wanted to talk 6 it some more, but I’m new here and don’t remember your name yet. Would you mind telling me again?” Third, join some clubs and 7 (activity). A new school will offer more chances to explore (探索) some new interests. Fourth, have 8 opinion (看法). Share 9 (you) ideas in the new school. Your schoolmates will remember you 10 (easy). Then you will be able to make new friends. 【答案】1．goes 2．or 3．Second 4．more 5．said 6．about 7．activities 8．an 9．your 10．easily 【导语】这篇短文主要是关于如何在学校里结交新朋友的建议。 1．句意：一个微笑可以走很长的路。此句陈述的一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语是单三，谓语动词go需用单三形式goes。故填goes。 2．句意：如果你看到某人，给他们一个微笑或打招呼。根据“give them a smile”及“say hi”两个动词短语可知，表选择的并列，用连词or。故填or。 3．句意：第二，记住别人的名字。根据“First”一词及所给单词提示可知，此处是指第二个要点，用two对应的序数词second，放句首时，首字母要大写。故填Second。 4．句意：如果没有，不要害怕多问几次。根据句中“than”一词可知，此空需用比较级，much的比较级是more。故填more。 5．句意：你可以这样说：“我记得你昨天说了一些非常有趣的事情，我想再多聊几句，但我是新来的，还不记得你的名字。你介意再告诉我一遍吗？”。根据“yesterday”一词，可知，从句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词say需用过去式said。故填said。 6．句意：你可以这样说：“我记得你昨天说了一些非常有趣的事情，我想再多聊几句，但我是新来的，还不记得你的名字。你介意再告诉我一遍吗?”。talk about是固定短语，表示“谈论”。故填about。 7．句意：第三，参加一些俱乐部和活动。复数名词表一列活动，activity的复数是activities。故填activities。 8．句意：第四，要有一个观点。根据“have...opinion”可知，指有一个观点，需不定冠词。opinion是元音音素开头的单数，需用an修饰。故填an。 9．句意：在新学校分享你的想法。ideas为名词，需形容词性物主代词来修饰。you为主格，其形代为your。故填your。 10．句意：你的同学就会很容易记住你。修饰动词remember用副词，形容词easy“容易的”的副词是easily。故填easily。 五 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Germany, there are different kinds of high schools. They are either for workers 1 for colleges. All schools study what to teach now. Here are some things about them. Most high schools in Germany start at about 8:00 a.m. and 2 (finish) at 3:30 p.m. This means you will be busy taking classes in the morning. Also you 3 (have) time for colorful clubs after school in the afternoon. In the past, most students 4 (walk) or rode bikes. But now some schools even have school buses. Taking school buses is the 5 (good) way to go to school. Parents don’t need to send 6 (they) children to school. Schools in Germany don’t have sports clubs or after-school 7 (activity). Outside school, there are clubs for things such as soccer, dancing, 8 (sing) and so on. You can join these clubs because they are good for you. Every German state has its different schools. For example, the schools in Brandenburg will be a little different 9 those in Bavaria. So it’s important for you 10 (go) what school you can go. 【答案】1．or 2．finish 3．will have 4．walked 5．best 6．their 7．activities 8．singing 9．from 10．to go 【导语】本文介绍了德国的高中，包括学生在校情况，上学的方式以及校外俱乐部等。 1．句意：它们要么是为工人准备的，要么是为大学准备的。根据“either for workers”可知考查either…or“要么……要么”。故填or。 2．句意：德国的大部分高中上午8点开始上课，下午3点半结束。根据主语“Most high schools”以及动词“start”可知设空处也填动词原形。故填finish。 3．句意：下午放学后，你也有时间参加丰富多彩的俱乐部。根据“time for colorful clubs after school in the afternoon.”可知这里应说你将有时间做某事，该句是一般将来时will do。故填will have。 4．句意：在过去，大多数学生步行或骑自行车。根据“In the past,”可知该句是一般过去时，应填过去式。故填walked。 5．句意：乘校车是去学校最好的方式。根据“Taking school buses is the”并结合语境，应说是最好的方式，所给词的最高级是best“最好的”。故填best。 6．句意：父母不需要送孩子上学。根据“Parents”可知是家长们不需要送他们的孩子去上学，修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 7．句意：德国的学校没有体育俱乐部或课外活动。分析句子可知，此处应该用复数表示泛指。故填activities。 8．句意：在校外，有足球、舞蹈、唱歌等俱乐部。根据“such as soccer, dancing,”可知这里填动名词。故填singing。 9．句意：例如，勃兰登堡的学校将与巴伐利亚的学校略有不同。根据“different”可知是different  from“与……不同”。故填from。 10．句意：所以选择你能去的学校是很重要的。根据“it’s important for you”可知后接所给词的不定式，it is adj for sb to do“对某人来说做某事是……的”。故填to go。 阅读理解 一 Birdwatching is a fun hobby for many people. Birdwatchers like to watch birds in the wild (野外). They take photos and record birds’ sounds to learn about them. According to Xinhua, there are more than 100 million birdwatchers in China now. Young people are a big part of it. Zhang Liang is an experienced birdwatcher and photographer (摄影师). When he was a college student, he got ill for a while. His doctor advised him to go outdoors more often. He then decided to take photos of birds. Once, he took a photo of a small black and yellow songbird, he tagged it as a sparrow (麻雀) online. Soon, someone corrected him. The bird was actually a finch (芬奇). This embarrassing (尴尬的) thing made him check out on a field guide. It also made him interested in birdwatching and photography. “ ★ ” Zhang told China Daily, “My life slows down. I’ve made new friends. I’ve also met many birds I didn’t know about.” “It’s difficult to describe such feelings, especially if you have spent a lot of time in finding the bird and learned more about the bird,” he said, “I feel my heart race, my eyes widen and almost begin to smile.” Besides watching, Zhang Liang also takes photos and records sounds on field trips. Such photos of birds or other animals can also help people understand the importance of protecting animals. “Wildlife photography can catch fantastic moments in nature,” Zhang said, “They encourage (鼓励) people to earn more about what is out there and why it’s worth (值得) saving.” 1．The writer mentions “Xinhua” in para. 1 to ________. A．advise people to watch birds B．make some facts more believable C．introduce a news agency (通讯社) D．explain why people love watching birds 2．What does “It” refer to in para. 3? A．A bird. B．A field guide. C．A photo. D．An experience. 3．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．I found birdwatching interesting. B．Birdwatching takes me too much time. C．Birdwatching helps me in many ways. D．I want to take up birdwatching as a hobby. 4．The last paragraph mainly talks about Zhang Liang’s ________. A．sense of duty (责任感) B．love for the nature C．free time activities D．fantastic photographs 5．Where can we portably read the passage? A．In an art magazine. B．On the Internet. C．In Zhang Liang’s diary. D．On a notice board. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了观鸟作为一种有趣的爱好，吸引了许多人，包括年轻人。观鸟者喜欢在野外观察鸟类，拍摄照片和记录鸟的声音，以了解它们。文章还介绍了张亮作为一名经验丰富的鸟类观察者和摄影师的经历，他通过观察和拍摄鸟类，认识了许多新朋友，也发现了许多之前不知道的鸟类。同时，他的照片和录音也可以帮助人们更好地了解保护动物的重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据“According to Xinhua, there are more than 100 million birdwatchers in China now.”（据新华社报道，中国目前有1亿多观鸟者。）可知，提及新华社的报道，是为了让一些事实更可信。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“This embarrassing (尴尬的) thing made him check out on a field guide. It also made him interested in birdwatching and photography.”可知，这件令人尴尬的事情让他查阅了一份野外指南。这也使他对观鸟和摄影产生了兴趣。此处指的是认错鸟这个经历。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“My life slows down. I’ve made new friends. I’ve also met many birds I didn’t know about.”（我的生活变慢了。我交了新朋友。我也见过许多我不认识的鸟。）可知，这些都是观鸟对张亮的一些帮助。选项C“观鸟在很多方面对我有帮助。”符合语境。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Such photos of birds or other animals can also help people understand the importance of protecting animals.”可知，张亮的照片和录音也可以帮助人们更好地了解保护动物的重要性，体现了张亮保护动物的责任感。故选A。 5．推理判断题。本文介绍了观鸟作为一种有趣的爱好，吸引了许多人，包括年轻人。观鸟者喜欢在野外观察鸟类，拍摄照片和记录鸟的声音，以了解它们。因此我们可以在互联网上阅读这篇文章。故选B。 二 Why do kids make seemingly “careless” mistakes? While grown-ups may think it’s simply a matter of not listening, sometimes it’s about a failure of metacognition (元认知). Metacognition is to understand your own thinking process. It’s when you’re aware (意识到) of your own thoughts and how you learn and solve problems. It helps you realize what you’re doing, make a plan and change your plan if needed to complete hard tasks! Alicia Forsberg, a professor at the University of Sheffield, said, “Metacognition is a skill that plays an important part in learning different types of materials in many subjects.” For children, learning how to use metacognition can improve their school grades. Meanwhile, a failure of metacognition might lead to careless mistakes. Forsberg points out an important part of metacognition called meta-memory. It is the awareness of and control we have over what we remember and what we’ve forgotten. The problem for children is that they may not realize they have forgotten something. For example, a child who fails to complete a task may have forgotten the instruction (指示), and not realize it has been forgotten. Children believe that if they don’t remember seeing something, it was never there at all. However, grown-ups know forgetting happens quite often. The good news is that there are things teachers and parents can do to help. Forsberg suggests asking children what they remember about the instructions for a given task. Even if they think the instructions are easy to remember, they may still have forgotten something, so double-checking is always a good idea. Besides, making children describe what they learned in a lesson can help them realize not everything has been kept in their memory. When children develop a better awareness of their own memory skills, they can use that information to tailor their learning. That understanding might encourage students to pause (暂停) and re-watch a video they are learning from, or to look back at their notes. Children differ in their metacognitive skills, so some might need to go back and look at what they may have forgotten more often. Metacognition is like having a smart helper in your brain, which makes learning easier. If children understand their own thinking skills, they should be able to help themselves learn more effectively and avoid those seemingly “careless” mistakes. 1．According to the passage, why might children make careless mistakes? A．Because they have too many materials to learn. B．Because they are not listening carefully in class. C．Because they fail to realize they have forgotten something. D．Because they dislike most of the subjects they are learning. 2．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．News about teachers and students. B．Ideas for remembering instructions. C．Advice on understanding new lessons. D．Ways of developing kids’ metacognition. 3．The words “tailor their learning” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “________”. A．play an active part in groups B．push them to study harder C．deal with the learning pressure D．find suitable ways of learning 4．The writer probably agrees that metacognition ________. A．guides kids to follow the school rules easily B．aims to draw kids’ attention to their strong points C．helps kids have a better control over their learning D．encourages kids to take a break away from school 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了为什么孩子们会犯看似粗心的错误以及如何通过元认知来改善学习。 1．细节理解题。根据“Meanwhile, a failure of metacognition might lead to careless mistakes...The problem for children is that they may not realize they have forgotten something.”可知，孩子会犯粗心的错误可能是因为他们没有意识到他们忘记了一些东西。故选C。 2．段落大意题。根据“The good news is that there are things teachers and parents can do to help.”和本段可知，第五段主要讲述了发展孩子们的元认知的方式。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“That understanding might encourage students to pause (暂停) and re-watch a video they are learning from, or to look back at their notes.”可知，这种理解可能会鼓励学生暂停并重新观看他们正在学习的视频，或者回顾他们的笔记。所以此句含义为“当孩子们对自己的记忆技能有了更好的认识时，他们可以利用这些信息来调整自己的学习”，D选项符合，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Metacognition is like having a smart helper in your brain, which makes learning easier”可知，元认知帮助孩子更好地控制他们的学习。故选C。 三 Many people say that they have a bad memory, especially when they are older. How can we improve our memory? Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this certainly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example), psychologists (心理学家) aren’t sure whether it can help you remember things for very long. The British psychologist E.C． Stanford seemed to prove this point when he tested himself on five prayers (祈祷文), especially for remembering numbers, is grouping the information. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. But look at them in groups. According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind connected to a word you want to remember. Another method is to invent a story that includes all the things you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this skill, when tested afterwards, they were able to recall 90% of them! However, not all of us are interested in learning long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying a large amount of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along. So, if you were reading about a special disease, you would ask yourself questions like: “Do people get it from water?” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about repeating things according to the passage? A．It helps short-term memory for sure. B．It helps to remember things for long. C．It makes remembering things interesting. D．It makes remembering prayers easily. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．experts B．ways C．pictures D．languages 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Creating a picture is useful in learning Maths. B．Inventing a prayer trains our memory quickly. C．Remembering long numbers is easy for people. D．Asking yourself questions is helpful for the memory. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To show that the writer’s memory is bad. B．To know some memory problems. C．To share some ways of improving memory. D．To teach some memory experiments. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何改善记忆力。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this certainly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example), psychologists (心理学家) aren’t sure whether it can help you remember things for very long.”可知，重复有助于短期记忆。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized.”可知，据专家介绍，有很多方法可以训练你的记忆力。其中很多都涉及到在脑海中形成要记忆的东西的画面。“them”在此指“方法”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“For those studying a large amount of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along.”可知，对于那些学习大量信息的人，心理学家建议，形成有意义的联系的最好方法是在学习过程中问自己很多问题。由此推知问自己问题对记忆有帮助。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Many people say that they have a bad memory, especially when they are older. How can we improve our memory?”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些提高记忆力的方法。故选C。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$