专题22高频话题词汇检测小卷（人际关系）-2025年高考英语词汇&语法限时检测小卷

专题22高频话题词汇检测小卷（人际关系） （满分120分）（时间60分钟） 一、根据提示填空单词拼写（共 30个小题，每题1分） 1．The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family-friendly a (气氛). 【答案】atmosphere 【详解】考查名词。句意：新老板试图给餐厅提供更友好的家庭氛围。本空用名词atmosphere“气氛”，作give的宾语。故填atmosphere。 2．Every year, the flag-raising ceremony at Tiananmen Square is so i (令人印象深刻的) that it attracts tens of thousands of people to watch it. 【答案】impressive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：每年，天安门广场的升旗仪式令人印象深刻，吸引了成千上万的人观看。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词impressive“令人印象深刻的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填impressive。 3．After working long hours without rest, she felt dizzy and feared she might c (昏倒). 【答案】collapse 【详解】考查动词。句意：在长时间不停休地工作后，她感到头晕，担心自己会昏倒。根据中英文提示，这里应用collapse，为不及物动词。空前有情态动词might，空处用动词原形形式。故填collapse。 4．Her luggage was damaged during the flight, so she c (索赔) compensation from the airline. 【答案】claimed 【详解】考查动词。句意：她的行李在飞行中损坏了，所以她向航空公司索取赔偿。根据中英文提示可知，这里应用claim，为及物动词。根据was damaged可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填claimed。 5．The company expanded its distribution c (渠道) to reach more customers globally. 【答案】channels 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司扩大了分销渠道，以覆盖全球更多的客户。根据中英文提示，这里应用channel，为可数名词。根据expanded its distribution可知，分销渠道不止一处，所以应用名词复数channels，作宾语。故填channels。 6．The store has a wide range of products in different c (种类) to meet all customer needs. 【答案】categories 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家商店有各种不同类别的产品，以满足所有客户的需求。根据中英文提示，这里应用category，为可数名词，其前有different修饰，这里用其复数形式categories，作介词in的宾语。故填categories。 7．He c (挑战) himself to run a marathon and trained hard every day. 【答案】challenged 【详解】考查动词。句意：他挑战自己跑马拉松，每天刻苦训练。根据中英文提示和空后的himself可知，空处应用及物动词challenge，challenge sb. to do sth.意为“挑战某人做某事”。and连接并列的谓语，根据trained可知，空处应用过去式。故填challenged。 8．She c (取消) her flight last night because of a sudden change in plans. 【答案】cancelled 【详解】考查动词。句意：由于计划突然改变，她取消了昨晚的航班。“取消”用动词cancel。根据时间状语last night可知，用一般过去时。根据中英文提示及句意，故填cancelled。 9．In the upcoming U.S. presidential election, both c (候选人) are busy with campaigning activities. 【答案】candidates 【详解】考查名词。句意：在即将到来的美国总统选举中，两位候选人都忙于竞选活动。根据中英文提示，这里应用candidate，为可数名词。空前有both，这里应用名词复数candidates，作主语。故填candidates。 10．Concern for the students is at the c (核心) of our school’s daily agenda. 【答案】core 【详解】考查名词。句意：关心学生是我们学校日常工作的核心。根据中英文提示可知，空处应用表示“核心”的名词core，作介词at的宾语，根据句意可知，此处应用单数形式，at the core of…“……的核心”。故填core。 11．Every student of CQYZ is excellent, excelling in his or her r (各自的) way or field. 【答案】respective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：CQYZ的每一个学生都是优秀的，在自己的方式或领域中表现出色。设空处使用形容词作定语修饰名词way，表示“各自的”用respective。故填respective。 12．She has always e (妒忌) my success. 【答案】envied 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她一直羡慕我的成功。设空处使用动词过去分词与前文has构成现在完成时。表示“妒忌”用envy。故填envied。 13．There’s no money a (可用的) for an office party this year. 【答案】available 【详解】考查形容词。句意：今年没有钱办办公室聚会了。此处为形容词作后置定语，结合提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“可用的”应为available。故填available。 14．Hearing the news, he boiled with anger, a (起身) from his chair and rushing out of the room without a word. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查动词。句意：听到这个消息，他勃然大怒，从椅子上站起来，一句话也没说就冲出了房间。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“起身”应为arise，与逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词短语作状语。故填arising。 15．The children had an a (争论) over what game to play. 【答案】argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们为玩什么游戏而争吵。结合首字母提示可知，“争论”应用名词argument，作had的宾语，且空前有不定冠词an，argument应用单数形式。故填argument。 16．The police are a (呼吁) to the public for any information about the missing girl. 【答案】appealing 【详解】考查动词。句意：警方在呼吁公众提供有关失踪女孩的任何消息。结合首字母提示可知，“呼吁”应用动词appeal，短语appeal to sb. for sth.意为“为某事向某人呼吁或请求”，且根据空前的“are”可知，时态为现在进行时，appeal需用现在分词形式。故填appealing。 17．The newly developed game Black Myth: Wukong offers an immersive experience by means of e (扩展) the rich mythology of the Monkey King. 【答案】expanding 【详解】考查动词。句意：新开发的游戏《黑神话：悟空》通过扩展丰富的猴王神话提供了一种沉浸式体验。根据中英文提示可知，空处需要动词expand“扩展”。该动词作介词of的宾语，所以用动名词的形式。故填expanding。 18．Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims p (精确地). 【答案】precisely 【详解】考查副词。句意：利用新技术，骗子可以精确地瞄准受害者。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副词precisely“精确地”作状语，满足句意要求。故填precisely。 19．S (监管) hundreds of children “playing” requires effective staffing. And there is always the fear that behavior worsens during breaks. 【答案】Supervising 【详解】考查动词。句意：监督数百名“玩耍”的儿童需要有效的人员配置。而且人们总是担心在休息期间行为会恶化。根据中英文提示可知应用动词supervise，作主语应用动名词形式，首字母大写。故填Supervising。 20．The incident began when the shaky three cables broke, causing the cable car to be s (悬挂) in the air. 【答案】suspended 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：事故发生时，摇晃的三根钢索断裂，导致缆车被悬在空中。由首字母和汉语提示s可知，“悬挂”是suspend，缆车是被悬挂，空格处用不定式的被动语态作宾语补足语，因此空格处用过去分词suspended。故填suspended。 21．Quan Hongchan was chosen for the competition because she was the s (更好的) candidate. 【答案】superior 【详解】考查形容词。句意：全红婵被选中参加比赛，因为她是更好的候选人。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词superior“更好的”，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词。故填superior。 22．Some of the studies show positive results, w (然而；但是) others do not. 【答案】whereas 【详解】考查连词。句意：一些研究显示了积极的结果，然而其他研究则没有。根据中英文提示可知，以字母w开头且表示“然而；但是”含义的连词为whereas，用于表示对比。故填 whereas。 23．The news has s (传开) throughout the country. 【答案】spread 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个消息已经传遍全国各地。spread“传播；传开”是动词，过去式是spread，过去分词spread。由has推断句子用现在完成时，其构成形式has/have+过去分词。故填spread。 24．In t (传统的)Chinese culture, marriage decisions were made by parents for their children. 【答案】traditional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在传统中国文化中，孩子的婚姻由父母为他们的孩子们决定。修饰名词用形容词。故填traditional。 25．As a child, he would like to s (分享）his toys with others. 【答案】share 【详解】考查动词。句意：作为孩子，他愿意与其他人分享他的玩具。would like to do sth.“愿意做某事”是固定句型。故填share。 26．The year 1849 w (目睹) a great war in that country. 【答案】witnessed 【详解】考查动词。句意：在那个国家1849见证了一场伟大的战争。由The year 1849可推断，句子用一般过去时，witness“目击；证明”作谓语，与主语The year 1849是主动关系，故填witnessed。 27．Will you speak in s (支持) of this idea? 【答案】support 【详解】考查名词。句意：你讲话支持这个想法吗？in support of“支持”是固定短语。故填support。 28．With many problems a (出现), he didn’t know what to do next. 【答案】arising 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着许多问题的出现，他不知道接下来做什么。Problem与arise处于主动关系，故使用动名词在with复合结构中做宾语补足语。故填arising。 29．As his best friend, I can make a (准确的) guesses about what he will do or think. 【答案】accurate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为他最好的朋友，我可以对他将要做什么或想什么做出准确的猜测。根据中文提示和首字母可知，以字母a开头且表示“准确的”含义的形容词为accurate；此处作定语修饰名词guesses，故填accurate。 30．The audience were e (热情的) on the opening night of the play. 【答案】enthusiastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这出戏首演当晚观众热情高涨。结合首字母提示可知，“热情的”应用形容词enthusiastic，作表语。故填enthusiastic。 二、单句语法填空（共 10个小题，每题1分） 31．The World Bank has praised China’s HSR success and its positive impacts go well beyond the railway sector to include urban development, (region) economic growth and (reduce) in greenhouse gas (emit). 【答案】 that/which regional reduction emissions 【详解】考查定语从句、形容词和名词。句意：世界银行赞扬了中国高速铁路的成功及其积极影响远远超出了铁路行业本身，包括城市发展、地区经济增长以及减少温室气体排放。第一空引导定语从句，修饰先行词its positive impacts，且从句中缺少主语，因此用关系代词that或which引导，并代替先行词在从句中作主语；第二空修饰空后的名词短语economic growth，作定语，应用形容词regional意为“地区的，区域的”；第三空位于and后，与名词短语urban development和economic growth构成并列成分，作动词include的宾语，故填名词reduction意为“减少”；第四空根据空前“in greenhouse gas...”可知，空处应填名词emission，作介词in的宾语，意为“排放物”，此处指温室气体的排放，表泛指，用复数形式emissions。故①that/which②regional③reduction④emissions。 32． (seat) comfortably in the well-equipped, spacious carriages, the passengers know that their journey ahead will be both (effort) and relaxing. 【答案】 Seated effortless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：舒适地坐在设备齐全、宽敞的车厢里，乘客们知道他们前方的旅程将既轻松又放松。第一空为非谓语动词作状语，seat与逻辑主要the passengers之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式seated，空处位于句首，首字母需大写；第二空为形容词作表语，effort的形容词形式effortless意为“不需费力的；容易的”。故填①seated②effortless。 33．He was about to do his homework when an unusual noise (arrest) his attention. 【答案】arrested 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：他刚要做作业，这时一个不寻常的声音吸引了他的注意力。根据was可知，主句的时态为一般过去时，从句应该与主句时态一致，所以空格处应该用提示词的动词过去式形式。故填arrested。 34．The president agreed, (add) that he hope for a peaceful solution. 【答案】adding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统表示同意，并补充说他希望和平解决。句子的谓语动词是 agreed，add 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，add 与逻辑主语 president 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系关系，应用现在分词 adding 作状语。故填 adding。 35．It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad (reason). 【答案】reasoning 【详解】考查名词。句意：它为区分好的推理和坏的推理提供了可靠的方法。本题考查固定短语distinguish A from B，意为“区分A和B”，根据空前bad可知，空处应为名词，作介词from的宾语。reason为动词，意为“推理”，其名词为reasoning“推理”。故填reasoning。 36．But no matter what material is used, the stove painting is always (symbol) and harbors good wishes for the owners. 【答案】symbolic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：但不管用什么材料，灶画总是具有象征意义，并且蕴含着对主人的美好祝愿。设空处位于be动词之后作表语,应使用形容词。故填symbolic。 37．Qian Xuesen was extremely (knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. 【答案】knowledgeable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：钱学森学识极为渊博, 尤其是在前沿科学研究领域。设空处位于be动词之后作表语，应使用形容词。故填knowledgeable。 38．It has its own basic principles of diagnosis and treatment, which build the foundation of (system) theory. 【答案】systematic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：它有自己的基本诊疗原则, 建立了系统理论的基础。设空处修饰名词theory，应使用形容词作定语。故填systematic。 39．Do you know who is the first Chinese (circle) the earth in a spaceship? 【答案】to circle 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：你知道谁是第一个乘宇宙飞船绕地球一周的中国人么？此处为非谓语动词作定语，当修饰的名词前有序数词修饰时用不定式作后置定语。故填to circle。 40．The company, New England Electric, burns coal (generate) power. 【答案】to generate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家名为新英格兰电力公司的公司通过烧煤发电。空处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to generate。 三、语篇填空（每篇15分，共 30分） （一） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An increasing number of people attach great importance to interpersonal relationship in career success. Being polite 41 (be) the first and most important step to develop good relationship among friends. Polite words can be easy yet very 42 (power) in your daily life. Always singing “please” and “thank you” will make your friends more comfortable and more willing 43 (offer) help when necessary. We all know that one man’s success is based 44 how he deals with people. Always be grateful to other people’s 45 (kind) and show your gratitude through the words you speak. The more support you win from other people, the 46 (fast) you will move towards your goal. Although some people may easily ignore 47 importance of being polite, as a student, you should form good habits and behave in good manners. First, learn to be friendly to your parents and relatives at home. Then at school, listen 48 (respectful) when your teachers instruct you. Follow and accept their advice to improve 49 . You will make further progress if you express your gratitude in time. Remember, being polite costs nothing but it is worth millions of 50 (dollar). 【答案】 41．is 42．powerful 43．to offer 44．on 45．kindness 46．faster 47．the 48．respectfully 49．yourself 50．dollars 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了礼貌在人际交往中的重要性及其对职业成功的影响。 41．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：礼貌是朋友之间发展良好关系的第一步，也是最重要的一步。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为动名词短语Being polite，所以谓语动词应用单数形式。故填is。 42．考查形容词。句意：礼貌用语在日常生活中可能很简单，但却很强大。空处应填形容词powerful意为“强大的”在句中作表语。故填powerful。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：总是说“请”和“谢谢”会让你的朋友更舒适，更愿意在必要的时候提供帮助。be willing to do sth.意为“愿意做某事”为固定短语。故填to offer。 44．考查介词。句意：我们都知道，一个人的成功是以他如何与人相处为基础的。be based on意为“以……为基础”为固定短语。故填on。 45．考查名词。句意：永远对别人的善意心怀感激，通过你说的话表达你的感激之情。空处应填名词kindness意为“善意”作介词to的宾语，为不可数名词。故填kindness。 46．考查副词的比较级。句意：你从别人那里获得的支持越多，你就会越快地朝着你的目标前进。此处为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，空处应用副词fast的比较级形式。故填faster。 47．考查冠词。句意：尽管有些人可能很容易忽视礼貌的重要性，但是作为学生应该养成良好的习惯，举止得体。空处应用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。 48．考查副词。句意：在学校里，恭敬地听老师的教导。应用副词respectfully意为“恭敬地”作状语修饰动词listen。故填respectfully。 49．考查代词。句意：遵循并接受他们的建议来提高自己。空处应填反身代词yourself在句中作improve的宾语。故填yourself。 50．考查名词。句意：记住，礼貌不用花费什么，但却值数百万美元。dollar为可数名词，由millions of修饰，应用复数。故填dollars。 （二） As humans, we 51 (suppose) to be social creatures. Being connected socially is key to our mental and emotional health. Yet, many of us are shy and socially introverted (内向的). We feel awkward around unfamiliar people and 52 (worry) about what others might think of us. This can cause us 53 (avoid) social situations, cut ourselves off from others, and gradually become isolated and lonely. 54 (lonely) is a common problem among people of all ages and yet it’s something that most of us hesitate to admit. But it’s nothing to feel ashamed of. Sometimes, it’s a result 55 external (外部的) circumstances: you just have moved to a new area, for example. In such cases, there 56 (be) lots of steps you can take to meet new people and turn acquaintances into friends. But what if you are struggling with shyness, social in security or have a long-standing difficulty 57 (make) friends? The truth is that none of us are born with social skills. They’re things we learn over time and the good news is that you can learn them, too. No matter 58 nervous you feel in the company of others, you can learn to silence self-critical thoughts, boost your self-esteem (自信), and interact with others more 59 (confident). You don’t have to change your personality, but by learning new skills and adopting 60 different attitude to life, you can overcome shyness or social awkwardness, and enjoy strong, fulfilling friendships. 【答案】 51．are supposed 52．worried 53．to avoid 54．Loneliness/Being lonely 55．of 56．are/will be 57．making 58．how 59．confidently 60．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是孤独是怎么产生的以及如何战胜孤独。 51．考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：作为人类，我们应该是社会生物。根据语境可知，句子表示“我们应该是社会生物”，be supposed to do是固定短语，意为“应该做某事”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语we是复数，因此空格处是are supposed。故填are supposed。 52．考查形容词。句意：我们在不熟悉的人身边感到尴尬，担心别人会怎么看我们。空格处用形容词作表语，修饰主语We用ed结尾的形容词worried，意为“担心的”，表示人的感觉，故填worried。 53．考查不定式。句意：这可能导致我们避免社交场合，切断自己与他人的联系，并逐渐变得孤立和孤独。cause sb. to do是固定短语，意为“导致某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to avoid。故填to avoid。 54．考查名词或动名词。句意：孤独是所有年龄段的人都存在的一个普遍问题，但我们大多数人都不愿承认。空格处是主语，用名词loneliness或动名词being lonely作主语，loneliness意为“孤独”，是不可数名词，句首单词首字母大写。故填Loneliness/Being lonely。 55．考查介词。句意：有时，这是外部环境的结果：例如，你刚搬到一个新的地方。根据语境可知，句子表示“这是外部环境的结果”，空格处用of表所属，故填of。 56．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这种情况下，你可以采取很多步骤来结识新朋友，把熟人变成朋友。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语steps是复数，因此空格处是are，句子也可理解为表将来的事情，时态用一般将来时，空格处用will be，故填are/will be。 57．考查动名词。句意：但如果你正与害羞、社交缺乏安全感或长期交友困难作斗争呢？have difficulty (in) doing是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填making。 58．考查副词和让步状语从句。句意：无论你在别人面前有多紧张，你都可以学会停止自我批评的想法，增强你的自尊，更自信地与他人交流。根据语境可知，句子表示“无论你在别人面前有多紧张，你都可以学会停止自我批评的想法，增强你的自尊，更自信地与他人交流”，空格处是“no matter+特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句，此处表示程度，用how修饰形容词nervous，表示“无论多紧张”，故填how。 59．考查副词。句意：无论你在别人面前有多紧张，你都可以学会停止自我批评的想法，增强你的自尊，更自信地与他人交流。空格处用副词confidently修饰动词interact，confidently意为“自信地”，故填confidently。 60．考查冠词。句意：你不必改变你的个性，但通过学习新技能和采取不同的生活态度，你可以克服害羞或社交尴尬，享受牢固而充实的友谊。attitude是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，different是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。 四、完形填空（每篇15分，共 30分） （一） If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “It was 61 ” Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’” In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas 62 her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the 63 on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert 64 his prize. Lorna was inspired by a “16 for 16” 65 , where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she 66 16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two 67 years and 200 dollars more. For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to 68 social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much 69 . The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat — which he 70 a day after trying it out. There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. As it went on, it was more of a(n) 71 thing. He also had his friends to keep him 72 on the latest information or trends so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there. Lorna never had to check for any 73 downloaded apps since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point. It also meant he had more time to focus on his 74 and sports instead. Lorna noted that they were certainly not against social media, but it’s the healthy using of it. It’s about not letting oneself get 75 by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post. 61．A．frustrating B．awful C．terrific D．awkward 62．A．dared B．begged C．promised D．forbade 63．A．media B．honor C．credit D．cash 64．A．claimed B．declared C．missed D．presented 65．A．exchange B．bet C．joke D．story 66．A．grew B．turned C．became D．passed 67．A．whole B．demanding C．peaceful D．extra 68．A．keep up with B．do away with C．live without D．get down to 69．A．therefore B．instead C．otherwise D．anyway 70．A．deleted B．downloaded C．developed D．decreased 71．A．effort B．pride C．shame D．fool 72．A．at an advantage B．in advance C．up to date D．out of reach 73．A．seriously B．purposefully C．secretly D．eagerly 74．A．network B．grades C．self-esteem D．privacy 75．A．weighed down B．cut down C．turned down D．slowed down 【答案】 61．C 62．A 63．D 64．A 65．B 66．B 67．D 68．C 69．D 70．A 71．B 72．C 73．C 74．B 75．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了母亲Lorna和儿子Sivert打赌让儿子远离社交媒体的故事。 61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这太棒了，”Sivert告诉CNN，“我想，‘啊，再来六年又有何妨?’”A. frustrating令人懊恼的，令人沮丧的；B. awful糟糕的；C. terrific极好的；D. awkward令人尴尬的，难对付的。由下文“Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’”以及上文“Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”可知Sivert认为远离社交媒体6年得到1800美元太好了，故选C。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，Lorna Klefsaas向她12岁的儿子Sivert发起挑战，让他在18岁之前远离社交媒体。A. dared向……挑战；B. begged请求，乞求；C. promised承诺，保证；D. forbade禁止。由下文“If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the ________on his eighteenth birthday.”可知ALorna Klefsaas向她儿子发起了挑战。故选A。 63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他能完成这个挑战，她就会在他18岁生日那天给他现金奖励。A. media媒体；B. honor荣誉；C. credit信用，赞扬，学分，存款金额；D. cash现金。由第一段中的“If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”以及下文“She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two ____ years and 200 dollars more.”可知完成挑战Sivert就能获得1800美元的现金，而且他做到了。故选D。 64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年2月19日，Sivert得到了他的奖金。A. claimed认领，赢得，声称；B. declared宣称，公布，宣告；C. missed错过，思念；D. presented展示，赠送。由上文“Sivert Klefsaas did just that.”以及“In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas _____ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.”可知Sivert挑战成功，在2022年2月19日他18岁生日的那天拿到了他的奖金，claim“获得，赢得”符合句意。故选A。 65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lorna受到一个“16换16”的赌约的启发，一位母亲答应女儿，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励。A. exchange交换，互换；B. bet打赌；C. joke玩笑；D. story故事，叙述。由下文“where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she _______16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two ______ years and 200 dollars more.”可知这是母亲和女儿在打赌。 故选B。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lorna受到一个“16换16”的赌约的启发，一位母亲答应女儿，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励。A. grew成长，变得；B. turned变成，到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）；C. became变成；D. passed经过，传递。由句意可知，如果女儿坚持不使用社交媒体，她就会在女儿满16岁时给她1600美元的奖励，turn“到达，超过（某一年龄或时间）”符合句意，故选B。 67．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她决定把这一期限延长两年，奖金也增加200美元。A. whole全部的，整个的；B. demanding费时费力的，苛刻的；C. peaceful宁静的，和平的；D. extra额外的，外加的。根据第二段中“In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas _______ her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.”和上文“where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she ________ 16 for keeping off social media.”以及空前的“She decided to up the ante (赌注)”可知，与那对母女之间的打赌相比Lorna把打赌的期限又延长了两年，extra符合句意。故选D。 68．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对Sivert 来说，没有社交媒体的日子也并不太难过，这六年来他也不怎么想这事。A. keep up with赶上，与……保持联系；B. do away with废除，去掉；C. live without在没……的情况下生活；D. get down to开始做某事，开始认真注意（或对待）某事。根据赌约内容以及下文“There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. ”可知Sivert一直没用社交媒体，他也不觉得这样的日子很难。故选C。 69．考查副词词义辨析。句意：反正12岁的Sivert也并不怎么使用社交媒体。A. therefore因此；B. instead反而；C. otherwise否则，不然；D. anyway而且，加之，反正。由上文“For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to _____ social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years.”可知此句进一步阐述Sivert没有社交媒体的日子也不太难过的原因，anyway“而且，反正”符合句意。故选D。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在接受挑战前用过的唯一一个应用软件就是Snapchat，他试用了一天就卸载了。A. deleted删除；B. downloaded下载；C. developed开发，发展；D. decreased减少，降低。由上文“As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much ________.”以及空前的“The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat”可推断Snapchat他使用一天就卸载了，delete“删去，删除”符合句意。故选A。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间推移，这件事带给他的更多的是一种自豪感。A. effort 努力，艰难的尝试；B. pride自豪，自尊；C. shame羞耻，羞愧；D. fool傻瓜。由上文“There was never a time when Sivert was about to break.”以及最后一段中的“since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point.”可推断，随着时间的推移，能够一直远离社交媒体带给他成就感和自豪感。故选B。 72．考查短语辨析。句意：此外，Sivert还可以通过朋友来获知最新的信息或潮流以避开社交媒体上各种无谓的剧情。A. at an advantage处于有利地位，处于优势；B. in advance事先，提前；C. up to date最新的，拥有（或包含）最新信息的；D. out of reach够不着。由上文Sivert远离社交媒体以及下文“so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there.”可知Siver通过朋友获得最新信息，故选C。 73．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lorna从来不需要检查儿子是否偷偷下载了应用程序，因为他的胜负欲很强，他的坚持更多的是为了证明自己。A. seriously严肃地，严重地；B. purposefully有目的地，自觉地；C. secretly私底下地，暗暗地；D. eagerly急切地。由下文“since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point.”可知Sivert很想赢得这个挑战，因此Lorna不需要检查是否Sivert偷偷的下载了应用程序。故选C。 74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也意味着他有更多的时间来关注他的成绩和运动。A. network网络，人际关系网；B. grades成绩等级，分数；C. self-esteem自尊；D. privacy隐私。由文中内容可知接受挑战时，Sivert还未成年，由此可知，他把更多的精力放在学习上，符合语境。故选B。 75．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lorna指出她们当然不反对社交媒体，但是她们看重的是健康的使用习惯。不要被社交媒体拖累、不要让自己上瘾，也不要被人们分享的东西所影响。A. weighed down使烦恼，使焦虑，压弯；B. cut down削减，缩短，砍倒；C. turned down拒绝，调低；D. slowed down减速。由上文的“but it’s the healthy using of it”以及下文的“or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post”可知他们倡导健康使用社交媒体，不要因为社交媒体而不堪重负，上瘾或受别人分享的东西影响。由此可知，weighed down“使烦恼，使焦虑，压弯”符合句意。故选A。 （二） Fear of public speaking is the single most common phobia (恐怖症). Nearly 75% of people admit to 76 this, so you aren’t alone in your fear. It can range from slight 77 to a nearly paralyzing (瘫痪性的) fear and panic. For many people, this fear is so great that they avoid public speaking situations altogether. However, what if you can’t avoid it? What if your job requires you to speak in front of others from time to time? 78 , what if you are trying to earn a promotion? You certainly don’t want to be 79 due to an inability to speak in public. Here are a few things you can do to manage and reduce your public speaking anxiety. Practice Relaxation Techniques When you are facing an uncomfortable situation, your body automatically experiences increased 80 activity such as a fast heartbeat, difficulty breathing, and tension in your muscles. You can relax your body and reduce these 81 with a variety of techniques. Deep breathing can help you calm your body. You should practice relaxation techniques prior to any public speaking. 82 Prepare The better you know your topic, the less likely you will make a mistake. Oftentimes, the anxiety associated with public speaking comes from fear of 83 . That’s why it is so important to spend plenty of time preparing yourself. 84 yourself as much as possible with the topic so you have a thorough understanding of what you are presenting. Then, practice your speech several times so you are comfortable with the entire 85 . You should practice in front of people and ask for 86 . Not only will this help you become more confident speaking in front of others, but the feedback can help you improve your speaking skills so you become even more confident. 87 Your Worries and How You Can Conquer Them When you’re afraid of something, you may overestimate how often bad things will happen. A good exercise is to write down your 88 worries. For example, forgetting your material, losing your place, technical difficulties, a question you can’t answer, a bored audience. Once you have written down each worry, note down a(n) 89 solution for each one. Knowing you have a 90 in place should things go wrong will help you feel more secure about your presentation. 76．A．causing B．experiencing C．dominating D．spreading 77．A．distress B．forgetfulness C．injury D．nervousness 78．A．Furthermore B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Meanwhile 79．A．rebelled B．insulted C．dismissed D．overlooked 80．A．physiological B．beneficial C．incredible D．physical 81．A．risks B．pressures C．symptoms D．accidents 82．A．Specially B．Adequately C．Gradually D．Secretly 83．A．showing off B．running out C．messing up D．slowing down 84．A．Familiarize B．Equip C．Content D．Examine 85．A．preparation B．operation C．occasion D．presentation 86．A．success B．encouragement C．feedback D．trust 87．A．Forget B．Express C．Share D．Identify 88．A．health B．considerable C．specific D．unnecessary 89．A．easy B．probable C．fair D．technical 90．A．plan B．question C．lesson D．topic 【答案】 76．B 77．D 78．A 79．D 80．A 81．C 82．B 83．C 84．A 85．D 86．C 87．D 88．C 89．B 90．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。很多人在公开场合演讲会有害怕的感觉，害怕程度因人而异，文章介绍了三个有助于管理和减少公众演讲焦虑的方法。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：近75%的人承认自己有过这样的经历，所以你并不孤单。A. causing导致；B. experiencing经历；C. dominating支配；D. spreading传播。根据上文“Fear of public speaking is the single most common phobia (恐怖症). (害怕公开演讲是最常见的恐惧症)”，以及后一句“It can range from slight 　　　　　　 to a nearly paralyzing (瘫痪性的) fear and panic. (它可以是轻微的紧张，也可以是近乎瘫痪的恐惧和恐慌。)”可知，在公开场合演讲会有害怕的感觉，75%的人经历过，但各自的害怕程度不一。experiencing符合语境。故选B项。 77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它可以是轻微的紧张，也可以是近乎瘫痪的恐惧和恐慌。A. distress忧虑；B. forgetfulness健忘；C. injury受伤；D. nervousness紧张。根据上文“Nearly 75% of people admit to 　　　　　　 this, so you aren’t alone in your fear. (近75%的人承认自己有过这样的经历，所以你并不孤单。)”可知，很多人会对在公开场合演讲这事感觉害怕，每个人的害怕程度因人而异，有的人只是有一点点紧张的，有的则紧张得无法动弹；nervousness符合语境。故选D项。 78．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，如果你想获得晋升呢？A. Furthermore此外，而且；B. Therefore因此；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Meanwhile同时。根据上文“However, what if you can’t avoid it? What if your job requires you to speak in front of others from time to time? (然而，如果你无法避免呢？如果你的工作需要你时不时地在别人面前讲话，你该怎么办？)”可知，你的工作需要你得时不时在公开场合演讲，furthermore，用于支持或扩展之前的陈述，要想在工作中得到晋升，就得不怕在公开场合演讲。furthermore符合语境。故选A项。 79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你当然不想因为没有在公共场合发言的能力而被忽视。A. rebelled反叛；B. insulted侮辱；C. dismissed驳回；D. overlooked忽视，忽略。根据上文“For many people, this fear is so great that they avoid public speaking situations altogether. (对许多人来说，这种恐惧是如此之大，以至于他们完全避免公开演讲。) ”可知，很多人因为害怕，从不在公开场合演讲，这样的人没有存在感，容易被“忽视（overlooked）”。故选D项。 80．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你面对不舒服的突发情况时，你的身体会无意识地体验到增加的生理活动，如心跳加快、呼吸困难和肌肉紧张。A. physiological生理的；B. beneficial有益的；C. incredible令人难以置信的；D. physical身体的。根据句中的“such as a fast heartbeat, difficulty breathing, and tension in your muscles”可知，心跳加速，呼吸困难，肌肉紧张都属于因为突发事件导致的人体的“生理（physiological）”变化。故选A项。 81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以通过各种方法放松身体，减轻这些症状。A. risks风险；B. pressures压力；C. symptoms症状；D. accidents事故。根据上文“When you are facing an uncomfortable situation, your body automatically experiences increased 　　　　　 activity such as a fast heartbeat, difficulty breathing, and tension in your muscles. (当你面对不舒服的突发情况时，你的身体会无意识地体验到增加了的生理活动，如心跳加快、呼吸困难和肌肉紧张。)”可知，练习放松技巧可以使“a fast heartbeat, difficulty breathing, and tension in your muscles”这些“症状（symptoms）”减轻。故选C项。 82．考查副词词义辨析。句意：准备充分。A. Specially特别地；B. Adequately充分地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Secretly秘密地。此题考查小标题。根据下文“The better you know your topic, the less likely you will make a mistake. Oftentimes, the anxiety associated with public speaking comes from fear of 　　　　　　. That’s why it is so important to spend plenty of time preparing yourself.”可知，要想成功演讲，要在演讲前多花时间，多多了解演讲主题，做“足（Adequately）”准备工作。故选B项。 83．考查动词短语辨析。句意：通常，与在公共场合演讲相关的焦虑来自于害怕搞砸。A. showing off炫耀；B. running out用完，耗尽；C. messing up陷入困境，搞砸；D. slowing down减速。根据前一句“The better you know your topic, the less likely you will make a mistake. (你对你的主题越了解，你犯错误的可能性就越小。)”，害怕犯错，即害怕把演讲“搞砸（messing up）”了，会导致焦虑。故选C项。 84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽可能让自己熟悉主题，这样你就能透彻理解你要展示的内容。A. Familiarize使熟悉；B. Equip装备；C. Content使满意；D. Examine检查。根据后半句“so you have a thorough understanding of what you are presenting.”可知，透彻理解演讲内容是建立在熟悉演讲主题的基础上的。Familiarize符合语境。故选A项。 85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，把你的演讲练习几次，这样你就会对整个演讲展示感到舒服。A. preparation准备；B. operation操作； C. occasion场合；D. presentation展示。此处指正式演讲前，你得熟悉一下演讲内容和流程，即对“整个展示（presentation）”做到心中有数。故选D项。 　　　　　　　　. 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你应该在人们面前练习并寻求反馈。A. success成功；B. encouragement鼓励；C. feedback反馈；D. trust信任。根据下文“Not only will this help you become more confident speaking in front of others, but the feedback can help you improve your speaking skills so you become even more confident. (这不仅会让你在别人面前更自信，而且反馈也可以帮助你提高你的演讲技巧，让你变得更自信。 )”，此句中的feedback为复现词，通过在别人面前试着演讲，并得以反馈。故选C项。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：确定你的担忧以及如何克服它们。A. Forget忘记；B. Express表达；C. Share分享；D. Identify确认，发现。此处考查小标题。根据下文“Once you have written down each worry, note down a(n) 　　　　　　 solution for each one.(一旦你写下了每一个担忧，为每一个问题写下一个可能的解决方案。)”可知，写下担忧的事，即“确认(Identify )”令你担忧的事，故选D项。 88．考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：一个很好的练习就是写下你的具体担忧。A. health健康；B. considerable相当大的；C. specific具体的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据下文“For example, forgetting your material, losing your place, technical difficulties, a question you can’t answer, a bored audience. (例如，忘记你的材料，失去你的位置，技术困难，一个你无法回答的问题，一个无聊的观众。)”可知，这些都是“具体的（specific）”担忧。故选C项。 89．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦你写下了每一个担忧，为每一个问题写下一个可能的解决方案。A. easy容易的；B. probable可能的；C. fair公平的；D. technical技术的。写下的每个在演讲中担心会遇到的具体的问题，要想见招拆招，得预先拟定相应的解决措施，但也只是“可能”的解决措施，因为前文“When you’re afraid of something, you may overestimate how often bad things will happen. (当你害怕某事时，你可能会高估坏事发生的频率。)”,可能这些事都不会发生。故选B项。 90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道自己已经有了一个计划，以防出错，这会让你对自己的演讲更有把握的。A. plan计划；B. question问题；C. lesson教训；D. topic话题。根据上文“Once you have written down each worry, note down a(n) 　　　　　　 solution for each one. (一旦你写下了每一个担忧，为每一个问题写下一个可能的解决方案。)”可知，万一在演讲中出了岔子，每一个担忧的事，都有应对措施，即有解决这些担忧的“计划”。故选A项。 五、阅读理解（每篇10分，共 20分） （一） Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information, but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language. Dozens of terms and phrases have originated on social media. “Selfie” was named word of the year by the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013. Two years later, the “Face with Tears of Joy” emoji became their “word” of the year. There are many more examples of social media slang (俚语) included in the dictionary. Besides, words like “hashtag” and “lol” have become ordinary, all thanks to their wide usage on social media platforms. Other social media words are new combinations of other words. Photobomb, for instance, describes the phenomenon of getting into somebody’s photographs accidentally, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms. Social media has done more than invent new words and combine existing ones. It has completely transformed the meaning of a large portion of our language. The word “friend” is now widely used as a verb to mean adding someone on social media platforms. The word “add” means sending an invitation to connect social media accounts. The number of “likes” is now a measurement of popularity. So far, we have only discussed social media’s effect on the English language, but one significant variation in language it has brought about involves communication across different languages. Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to reduce language barriers for users. This deserves praise in theory, and the function has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as translation agency Global Voices points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm (算法) can translate this. Another way social media has made progress in breaking down the language barrier is with AI chatbots, which are becoming increasingly popular on social media. Some users have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who’s to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good? 91．What does the underlined word “Photobomb” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Intentionally stealing the scene. B．Casually playing tricks in the photo. C．Unexpectedly appearing in the photo. D．Actively participating in the photo. 92．What do we know about social media’s translation function? A．It is only useful for some specific languages. B．It is not as good as expected due to cultural differences. C．It is the best way to communicate across different languages. D．It is completely accurate and has removed all language barriers. 93．What is some people’s attitude towards chatbots when it comes to language learning? A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Critical. 94．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Development of the English Language B．The Role of Technology in Communication C．The Rise of New Words in the Digital Age D．The Impact of Social Media on Language Development 【答案】91．C 92．B 93．A 94．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了社交媒体对语言的影响，包括创造新词、改变单词意义、影响不同语言之间的交流，以及人工智能聊天机器人的兴起。 91．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“describes the phenomenon of getting into somebody’s photographs accidentally, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms. (指不小心进入别人照片的现象，这种现象是由于图片分享平台的成功而产生的)”可知，画线词指的是意外出现在他人照片中的现象。故选C项。 92．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to reduce language barriers for users. This deserves praise in theory, and the function has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as translation agency Global Voices points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm (算法) can translate this. (一些社交媒体平台有一个内置的翻译功能，旨在减少用户的语言障碍。这在理论上值得称赞，该功能被描述为“出乎意料的准确”。但正如翻译机构全球之声指出的那样，不同文化的社交媒体使用差异很大，没有内置的算法可以翻译这一点)”可知，社交媒体的翻译功能理论上值得称赞且被认为很准确，但由于不同文化中社交媒体使用方式差异很大，其内置算法无法翻译这些差异，所以实际上它并不如预期的那么好。故选B项。 93．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Some users have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who’s to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good? (一些用户表示，聊天机器人最终可以用来教授语言。他们说学习一门语言的最好方法是尝试说它，在社交媒体主导交流的情况下，谁说和聊天机器人说话就没有那么好呢)”可知，一些用户认为聊天机器人可以服务于口语交流，从而让人学会一门语言。这表明他们对聊天机器人在语言学习方面的态度是赞许的。故选A项。 94．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information, but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language. (社交媒体对世界产生了不可估量的影响。它增加了互联性，加速了信息的传播，但它最大的影响可能是它对语言的改变)”可知，文章主要围绕社交媒体对语言的影响展开，其中重点讲述了对英语语言的影响，如创造新词汇、改变词汇意义等。A项“英语语言的发展”范围过大，未突出社交媒体的作用；B项“技术在交流中的作用”过于宽泛，没有具体指向社交媒体对语言尤其是英语语言的影响；C项“数字时代新词汇的兴起”只是文章部分内容，不能全面概括主旨；D项“社交媒体对语言发展的影响”准确地涵盖了文章主要讨论的内容，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 （二） Social media use has been linked to depression, especially in teenage girls. But a new study argues that the issue may be more complex than experts think. The research involved interviews with 10,000 teenagers in England. “Our results suggest social media itself doesn’t cause harm, but that frequent use may disturb activities that positively impact mental health such as sleeping and exercising, while increasing exposure of young people to harmful content, particularly cyberbullying (网络欺凌),” study co-author Russell Viner said in a statement. Bob Patton, a lecturer of the University of Surrey, said this means strategies focusing only on reducing social media use to improve mental health might not help. He said, “Building strategies to increase resilience (适应力) to cyberbullying and promote better sleep and exercise is needed to reduce psychological (心理的) harm.” The research was conducted by interviewing teenagers once a year. They would report the frequency of their using social media. More than three times daily was considered “very frequent”. The researchers noted that they did not record how much time the participants spent on these websites, which was a limitation of the study. “For boys, the impact on their mental health may result from other reasons,” the authors said. The researchers found that, in both sexes, very frequent social media use was associated with greater psychological harm. The effect was especially clear among girls: The more often they checked social media, the greater their psychological harm was. But most impact on psychological harm in girls could be accounted for by lower sleep quality and greater exposure to cyberbullying, with decreased physical activities playing a lesser role. But for boys, those factors explained only 12% of the effects of very frequent social media use on psychological harm. “It’s an important difference,” said Ann DeSmet, a professor at Ghent University in Belgium. “If healthy lifestyles can be replaced, the positive effects of social media use, such as encouraging social interactions, can be more supported.” 95．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The risk of cyberbullying. B．The report of the statement. C．The functions of social media. D．The findings of the research. 96．What did Bob Patton mainly tell us? A．The proper way to improve mental health. B．The need to fight against mental harm. C．The benefit of limiting social media use. D．The impact of social media use on people. 97．What can we know about the research? A．It was the first in its class. B．It needed more attention. C．It had shortcomings. D．It was difficult to carry out. 98．Which of the following may be the best title for the text? A．The research on teenage girls B．Social media use influences girls especially C．Social interactions are encouraged D．The harm of using social media 【答案】95．D 96．A 97．C 98．B 【导语】本文是说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，频繁地使用社交媒体会给青少年造成心理危害，尤其对女孩的危害更加明显。 95．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The research involved interviews with 10,000 teenagers in England. “Our results suggest social media itself doesn’t cause harm, but that frequent use may disturb activities that positively impact mental health such as sleeping and exercising, while increasing exposure of young people to harmful content, particularly cyberbullying (网络欺凌),” study co-author Russell Viner said in a statement.(这项研究采访了英国的1万名青少年。“我们的研究结果表明，社交媒体本身并不会造成伤害，但频繁使用社交媒体可能会干扰睡眠和锻炼等对心理健康有积极影响的活动，同时增加年轻人接触有害内容的机会，尤其是网络欺凌，”研究报告的合著者Russell Viner在一份声明中说。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了这个研究的结果。故选D。 96．细节理解题。根据第三段“He said, “Building strategies to increase resilience (适应力) to cyberbullying and promote better sleep and exercise is needed to reduce psychological (心理的) harm.”(他说：“需要制定策略来增强对网络欺凌的适应能力，促进更好的睡眠和锻炼，以减少心理伤害。”)”可知，Bob Patton主要告诉了我们改善心理健康的正确方法。故选A。 97．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The researchers noted that they did not record how much time the participants spent on these websites, which was a limitation of the study.(研究人员指出，他们没有记录参与者在这些网站上花了多少时间，这是研究的一个局限性。)”可知，这个研究的局限在于它没有监测参与者上网的时间，故可推知这个研究是有不足之处的。故选C。 98．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Social media use has been linked to depression, especially in teenage girls. But a new study argues that the issue may be more complex than experts think.(社交媒体的使用与抑郁症有关，尤其是在十几岁的女孩中。但一项新的研究认为，这个问题可能比专家们想象的要复杂得多。)”可知，文章主要介绍了频繁地使用社交媒体尤其会给女孩造成心理危害，因此最好的题目是B选项“Social media use influences girls especially(社交媒体的使用对女孩的影响尤其大)”。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题22高频话题词汇检测小卷（人际关系） （满分120分）（时间60分钟） 一、根据提示填空单词拼写（共 30个小题，每题1分） 1．The new owners have tried to give the restaurant a more family-friendly a (气氛). 2．Every year, the flag-raising ceremony at Tiananmen Square is so i (令人印象深刻的) that it attracts tens of thousands of people to watch it. 3．After working long hours without rest, she felt dizzy and feared she might c (昏倒). 4．Her luggage was damaged during the flight, so she c (索赔) compensation from the airline. 5．The company expanded its distribution c (渠道) to reach more customers globally. 6．The store has a wide range of products in different c (种类) to meet all customer needs. 7．He c (挑战) himself to run a marathon and trained hard every day. 8．She c (取消) her flight last night because of a sudden change in plans. 9．In the upcoming U.S. presidential election, both c (候选人) are busy with campaigning activities. 10．Concern for the students is at the c (核心) of our school’s daily agenda. 11．Every student of CQYZ is excellent, excelling in his or her r (各自的) way or field. 12．She has always e (妒忌) my success. 13．There’s no money a (可用的) for an office party this year. 14．Hearing the news, he boiled with anger, a (起身) from his chair and rushing out of the room without a word. 15．The children had an a (争论) over what game to play. 16．The police are a (呼吁) to the public for any information about the missing girl. 17．The newly developed game Black Myth: Wukong offers an immersive experience by means of e (扩展) the rich mythology of the Monkey King. 18．Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammers can aim at victims p (精确地). 19．S (监管) hundreds of children “playing” requires effective staffing. And there is always the fear that behavior worsens during breaks. 20．The incident began when the shaky three cables broke, causing the cable car to be s (悬挂) in the air. 21．Quan Hongchan was chosen for the competition because she was the s (更好的) candidate. 22．Some of the studies show positive results, w (然而；但是) others do not. 23．The news has s (传开) throughout the country. 24．In t (传统的)Chinese culture, marriage decisions were made by parents for their children. 25．As a child, he would like to s (分享）his toys with others. 26．The year 1849 w (目睹) a great war in that country. 27．Will you speak in s (支持) of this idea? 28．With many problems a (出现), he didn’t know what to do next. 29．As his best friend, I can make a (准确的) guesses about what he will do or think. 30．The audience were e (热情的) on the opening night of the play. 二、单句语法填空（共 10个小题，每题1分） 31．The World Bank has praised China’s HSR success and its positive impacts go well beyond the railway sector to include urban development, (region) economic growth and (reduce) in greenhouse gas (emit). 32． (seat) comfortably in the well-equipped, spacious carriages, the passengers know that their journey ahead will be both (effort) and relaxing. 33．He was about to do his homework when an unusual noise (arrest) his attention. 34．The president agreed, (add) that he hope for a peaceful solution. 35．It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad (reason). 36．But no matter what material is used, the stove painting is always (symbol) and harbors good wishes for the owners. 37．Qian Xuesen was extremely (knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. 38．It has its own basic principles of diagnosis and treatment, which build the foundation of (system) theory. 39．Do you know who is the first Chinese (circle) the earth in a spaceship? 40．The company, New England Electric, burns coal (generate) power. 三、语篇填空（每篇15分，共 30分） （一） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An increasing number of people attach great importance to interpersonal relationship in career success. Being polite 41 (be) the first and most important step to develop good relationship among friends. Polite words can be easy yet very 42 (power) in your daily life. Always singing “please” and “thank you” will make your friends more comfortable and more willing 43 (offer) help when necessary. We all know that one man’s success is based 44 how he deals with people. Always be grateful to other people’s 45 (kind) and show your gratitude through the words you speak. The more support you win from other people, the 46 (fast) you will move towards your goal. Although some people may easily ignore 47 importance of being polite, as a student, you should form good habits and behave in good manners. First, learn to be friendly to your parents and relatives at home. Then at school, listen 48 (respectful) when your teachers instruct you. Follow and accept their advice to improve 49 . You will make further progress if you express your gratitude in time. Remember, being polite costs nothing but it is worth millions of 50 (dollar). （二） As humans, we 51 (suppose) to be social creatures. Being connected socially is key to our mental and emotional health. Yet, many of us are shy and socially introverted (内向的). We feel awkward around unfamiliar people and 52 (worry) about what others might think of us. This can cause us 53 (avoid) social situations, cut ourselves off from others, and gradually become isolated and lonely. 54 (lonely) is a common problem among people of all ages and yet it’s something that most of us hesitate to admit. But it’s nothing to feel ashamed of. Sometimes, it’s a result 55 external (外部的) circumstances: you just have moved to a new area, for example. In such cases, there 56 (be) lots of steps you can take to meet new people and turn acquaintances into friends. But what if you are struggling with shyness, social in security or have a long-standing difficulty 57 (make) friends? The truth is that none of us are born with social skills. They’re things we learn over time and the good news is that you can learn them, too. No matter 58 nervous you feel in the company of others, you can learn to silence self-critical thoughts, boost your self-esteem (自信), and interact with others more 59 (confident). You don’t have to change your personality, but by learning new skills and adopting 60 different attitude to life, you can overcome shyness or social awkwardness, and enjoy strong, fulfilling friendships. 四、完形填空（每篇15分，共 30分） （一） If someone said they’d pay you 1,800 dollars to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? Sivert Klefsaas did just that. “It was 61 ” Sivert told CNN, “I thought, ‘Ah, what’s 6 more years?’” In 2016, Lorna Klefsaas 62 her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18. If he completed the challenge, she’d award him the 63 on his eighteenth birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert 64 his prize. Lorna was inspired by a “16 for 16” 65 , where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she 66 16 for keeping off social media. She decided to up the ante (赌注) to two 67 years and 200 dollars more. For Sivert it wasn’t too difficult to 68 social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12-year-old, Sivert wasn’t using social media much 69 . The only app he had prior to the bet was Snapchat — which he 70 a day after trying it out. There was never a time when Sivert was about to break. As it went on, it was more of a(n) 71 thing. He also had his friends to keep him 72 on the latest information or trends so as to avoid all the unnecessary drama that was on there. Lorna never had to check for any 73 downloaded apps since he’s so competitive and it was definitely more for proving a point. It also meant he had more time to focus on his 74 and sports instead. Lorna noted that they were certainly not against social media, but it’s the healthy using of it. It’s about not letting oneself get 75 by it, or addicted to it, or affected by things that people post. 61．A．frustrating B．awful C．terrific D．awkward 62．A．dared B．begged C．promised D．forbade 63．A．media B．honor C．credit D．cash 64．A．claimed B．declared C．missed D．presented 65．A．exchange B．bet C．joke D．story 66．A．grew B．turned C．became D．passed 67．A．whole B．demanding C．peaceful D．extra 68．A．keep up with B．do away with C．live without D．get down to 69．A．therefore B．instead C．otherwise D．anyway 70．A．deleted B．downloaded C．developed D．decreased 71．A．effort B．pride C．shame D．fool 72．A．at an advantage B．in advance C．up to date D．out of reach 73．A．seriously B．purposefully C．secretly D．eagerly 74．A．network B．grades C．self-esteem D．privacy 75．A．weighed down B．cut down C．turned down D．slowed down （二） Fear of public speaking is the single most common phobia (恐怖症). Nearly 75% of people admit to 76 this, so you aren’t alone in your fear. It can range from slight 77 to a nearly paralyzing (瘫痪性的) fear and panic. For many people, this fear is so great that they avoid public speaking situations altogether. However, what if you can’t avoid it? What if your job requires you to speak in front of others from time to time? 78 , what if you are trying to earn a promotion? You certainly don’t want to be 79 due to an inability to speak in public. Here are a few things you can do to manage and reduce your public speaking anxiety. Practice Relaxation Techniques When you are facing an uncomfortable situation, your body automatically experiences increased 80 activity such as a fast heartbeat, difficulty breathing, and tension in your muscles. You can relax your body and reduce these 81 with a variety of techniques. Deep breathing can help you calm your body. You should practice relaxation techniques prior to any public speaking. 82 Prepare The better you know your topic, the less likely you will make a mistake. Oftentimes, the anxiety associated with public speaking comes from fear of 83 . That’s why it is so important to spend plenty of time preparing yourself. 84 yourself as much as possible with the topic so you have a thorough understanding of what you are presenting. Then, practice your speech several times so you are comfortable with the entire 85 . You should practice in front of people and ask for 86 . Not only will this help you become more confident speaking in front of others, but the feedback can help you improve your speaking skills so you become even more confident. 87 Your Worries and How You Can Conquer Them When you’re afraid of something, you may overestimate how often bad things will happen. A good exercise is to write down your 88 worries. For example, forgetting your material, losing your place, technical difficulties, a question you can’t answer, a bored audience. Once you have written down each worry, note down a(n) 89 solution for each one. Knowing you have a 90 in place should things go wrong will help you feel more secure about your presentation. 76．A．causing B．experiencing C．dominating D．spreading 77．A．distress B．forgetfulness C．injury D．nervousness 78．A．Furthermore B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Meanwhile 79．A．rebelled B．insulted C．dismissed D．overlooked 80．A．physiological B．beneficial C．incredible D．physical 81．A．risks B．pressures C．symptoms D．accidents 82．A．Specially B．Adequately C．Gradually D．Secretly 83．A．showing off B．running out C．messing up D．slowing down 84．A．Familiarize B．Equip C．Content D．Examine 85．A．preparation B．operation C．occasion D．presentation 86．A．success B．encouragement C．feedback D．trust 87．A．Forget B．Express C．Share D．Identify 88．A．health B．considerable C．specific D．unnecessary 89．A．easy B．probable C．fair D．technical 90．A．plan B．question C．lesson D．topic 五、阅读理解（每篇10分，共 20分） （一） Social media has had an immeasurable impact on the world. It has increased interconnectivity and sped up the spread of information, but its biggest impact of all might be the changes it has made to language. Dozens of terms and phrases have originated on social media. “Selfie” was named word of the year by the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013. Two years later, the “Face with Tears of Joy” emoji became their “word” of the year. There are many more examples of social media slang (俚语) included in the dictionary. Besides, words like “hashtag” and “lol” have become ordinary, all thanks to their wide usage on social media platforms. Other social media words are new combinations of other words. Photobomb, for instance, describes the phenomenon of getting into somebody’s photographs accidentally, which came about due to the success of image-sharing platforms. Social media has done more than invent new words and combine existing ones. It has completely transformed the meaning of a large portion of our language. The word “friend” is now widely used as a verb to mean adding someone on social media platforms. The word “add” means sending an invitation to connect social media accounts. The number of “likes” is now a measurement of popularity. So far, we have only discussed social media’s effect on the English language, but one significant variation in language it has brought about involves communication across different languages. Some social media platforms have a built-in translation function that intends to reduce language barriers for users. This deserves praise in theory, and the function has been described as “surprisingly accurate”. But as translation agency Global Voices points out, social media usage across cultures differs greatly, and no built-in algorithm (算法) can translate this. Another way social media has made progress in breaking down the language barrier is with AI chatbots, which are becoming increasingly popular on social media. Some users have said chatbots could eventually be used to teach languages. They say the best way of learning a language is to try speaking it, and with social media dominating communication, who’s to say speaking to a chatbot is not just as good? 91．What does the underlined word “Photobomb” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Intentionally stealing the scene. B．Casually playing tricks in the photo. C．Unexpectedly appearing in the photo. D．Actively participating in the photo. 92．What do we know about social media’s translation function? A．It is only useful for some specific languages. B．It is not as good as expected due to cultural differences. C．It is the best way to communicate across different languages. D．It is completely accurate and has removed all language barriers. 93．What is some people’s attitude towards chatbots when it comes to language learning? A．Approving. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Critical. 94．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Development of the English Language B．The Role of Technology in Communication C．The Rise of New Words in the Digital Age D．The Impact of Social Media on Language Development （二） Social media use has been linked to depression, especially in teenage girls. But a new study argues that the issue may be more complex than experts think. The research involved interviews with 10,000 teenagers in England. “Our results suggest social media itself doesn’t cause harm, but that frequent use may disturb activities that positively impact mental health such as sleeping and exercising, while increasing exposure of young people to harmful content, particularly cyberbullying (网络欺凌),” study co-author Russell Viner said in a statement. Bob Patton, a lecturer of the University of Surrey, said this means strategies focusing only on reducing social media use to improve mental health might not help. He said, “Building strategies to increase resilience (适应力) to cyberbullying and promote better sleep and exercise is needed to reduce psychological (心理的) harm.” The research was conducted by interviewing teenagers once a year. They would report the frequency of their using social media. More than three times daily was considered “very frequent”. The researchers noted that they did not record how much time the participants spent on these websites, which was a limitation of the study. “For boys, the impact on their mental health may result from other reasons,” the authors said. The researchers found that, in both sexes, very frequent social media use was associated with greater psychological harm. The effect was especially clear among girls: The more often they checked social media, the greater their psychological harm was. But most impact on psychological harm in girls could be accounted for by lower sleep quality and greater exposure to cyberbullying, with decreased physical activities playing a lesser role. But for boys, those factors explained only 12% of the effects of very frequent social media use on psychological harm. “It’s an important difference,” said Ann DeSmet, a professor at Ghent University in Belgium. “If healthy lifestyles can be replaced, the positive effects of social media use, such as encouraging social interactions, can be more supported.” 95．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The risk of cyberbullying. B．The report of the statement. C．The functions of social media. D．The findings of the research. 96．What did Bob Patton mainly tell us? A．The proper way to improve mental health. B．The need to fight against mental harm. C．The benefit of limiting social media use. D．The impact of social media use on people. 97．What can we know about the research? A．It was the first in its class. B．It needed more attention. C．It had shortcomings. D．It was difficult to carry out. 98．Which of the following may be the best title for the text? A．The research on teenage girls B．Social media use influences girls especially C．Social interactions are encouraged D．The harm of using social media 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$