专题8 模块1 简单句（课件PPT）-【思而优·中考突破】2025年中考英语总复习（广东专用）

25版·英语课件 专题八　简单句和复合句 模块一 简单句 第一部分　语法突破 01 思维导图 04 技法点拨 目录 03 考点突破 05 滚动专练 02 考点导航 目录 思维导图 目录 目录 目录 目录 目录 目录 目录 目录 考点导航 目录 年份 语法选择 回答问题 2024 There be句型 由how、how long、why和2个what引导的特殊疑问句 2023 由how 引导的感叹句 由who、when、where、what引导的特殊疑问句和1个由which引导的选择疑问句 2022 / 1个由when引导的选择疑问句；由how often、who和2个what引导的特殊疑问句 目录 年份 语法选择 回答问题 2021 / 由whom、where、what、when和 how引导的特殊疑问句 2020 由how 引导的感叹句 由who、how、where和2个what引导的特殊疑问句 ［命题规律］简单句在语法选择中主要考查感叹句、there be句型，在回答问题中以特殊疑问句的考查为主，间或出现对选择疑问句的考查。建议课时：2课时。 目录 考点突破 考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 简单句是由单一的独立分句构成，只包含一个主谓结构，句子的各个成分都用单词或短语表示。按照句子的用途，可以分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句和祈使句。 目录 上一级 目录 考点1 简单句的五种基本句型 上一级 句型一：主语 + 谓语(不及物动词) 例：The moon　rose. ↓ ↓ 主语 　 谓语 句型二：主语 + 系动词 + 表语. 例：①I am a teacher. 主语 系动词 表语 ↓ ↓ ↓ ② The dinner　smells good. 主语 系动词 表语 ↓ ↓ ↓ 目录 上一级 句型三：主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语. 例：My father bought a book this morning. ↓ ↓ ↓ 主语 　 谓语 宾语 句型四：主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语. 例：Tom showed his classmates all his toys. ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 主语 　 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 目录 上一级 句型五：主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语+宾语补足语 例：Swimming　makes me healthy. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 句型四中常见跟双宾语的动词有buy、pass、lend、give、teach、show、bring、of fer等。 1. 一般疑问句 目录 考点2 疑问句 上一级 概念 结构 例子 用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫作一般疑问句 Be +主语+其他? —Is Susan a teacher? —Yes, she is./No, she isn’t. 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他? —Can you ride a bike? —Yes, I can./No, I can’t. 助动词+主语+动词原形+其他? —Does Tom play basketball? —Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t. 2. 特殊疑问句 由特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句 目录 上一级 特殊疑问词 含义和用法 例子 what “什么”，询问职业、身份、观点、看法等 —What’s your favorite color? —My favorite color is red. which “哪一个”，询问特定的人或物 —Which color do you want to choose? —Blue. who/whom “谁”，询问人 —Who is the boy under the tree? —He is Tom’s son. 目录 上一级 特殊疑问词 含义和用法 例子 how “如何；怎样”，询问方式、感受 —How do you go to school? —I go to school by bus. when “什么时候”，询问时间 —When do you usually get up? —I usually get up at six. why “为什么”，询问原因 —Why do you like dogs? —Because they are cute. where “哪里”，询问地点、位置 —Where are my pens? —They are on the desk. 由how词组引导的特殊疑问句 目录 上一级 词组 含义 用法 答语 how far 多远 询问距离 数词+量词 how often 多久一次 对表示频率的副词或时间短语进行提问 once a week 等频度副词(词组)或every day 等时间短语 how soon 多久之后 询问某个动作要多长时间发生或结束 in +一段时间 how long 多长 询问物体的长度 数词+量词 多久 询问一段时间 for +一段时间/ since +表时间的短语或从句 目录 上一级 词组 含义 用法 答语 how many 多少 询问可数名词的量 数词(+名词) how much 多少(钱) 询问不可数名词的量 数词+量词+ of +名词 询问价格 价钱 how old 多少岁 询问年龄 数词(+ year(s) old) 3.选择疑问句 (1)概念：说话者提供两种或两种以上的情况，供对方选择其一的疑问句。 目录 上一级 形式 例子 一般疑问句+选择项+ or +选择项? —Is he tall or short? —He isn’t tall or short. He is of medium height. 特殊疑问句+选择项+ or +选择项? —Which color do you like better, red or black? —I like red better. (2)对选择疑问句的回答 　　选择疑问句不用Yes或No回答，可用完整的陈述句或其简略形式作答，也可用不定代词All(三者或三者以上都)，Either(两者之一)，Neither(两者都不)，Both(两者都)或None(没有一个)作答，只要根据实际情况回答即可。如： —Which teacher will you miss after junior high school, Miss Zhang or Miss Wu? 初中毕业后你会想念哪位老师，张老师还是吴老师？ —Both.两位都会。 目录 上一级 单句语法选择 ( )1. —Which season do you like better in Changchun, winter or autumn? —__________. I like playing with snow. A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Winter ( )2. —__________ do you learn these words by heart? —By using them in dif ferent ways. A. When B. How C. Why 目录 上一级 C B ( )3. —__________ did you stay in Huangyuan during the Lantern Festival? —For six days. A. How long B. How often C. How soon ( )4. —__________ do you tidy your own room? —Twice a week. A. How often B. How soon C. How long ( )5. —__________ is it from our home to the museum, Dad? —It’s about two kilometers. A. How far B. How often C. How soon 目录 上一级 A A A 感叹句用来表示说话人的赞美、惊讶、喜悦或气愤等强烈的感情，句末用感叹号。感叹句一般以what和how开头，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。 目录 考点3 感叹句 上一级 感叹句的基本结构 目录 上一级 感叹词 结构 例子 What What + a(n) + adj. +可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语)! What a patient boy (he is) ! 多么有耐心的男孩啊！ What + adj. +可数名词复数(+ 主语 + 谓语)! What interesting books (they are) ! 多么有趣的书啊！ What + adj. +不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)! What fine weather (it is) !天气真 好啊！ 目录 上一级 感叹词 结构 例子 How How + adj./adv.(+ 主语 + 谓语)! How carefully Mike did the work! 迈克做这项工作做得多认真啊！ How + adj. + a(n) +可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! How clever a girl (she is) !多么聪明的女孩啊！ How + 主语 + 谓语! How time flies!时间过得真快啊！ 单句语法选择 ( )1. (2024·吉林改编)__________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely. A. What a B. What C. How ( )2. (2024·四川改编)Our team won the first place in the table tennis match. __________ exciting news it is! We are so happy about it. A. What an B. What C. How 目录 上一级 C B ( )3. (2024·云南改编)__________ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park. A. What a B. What an C. How 目录 上一级 A 祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、禁止、建议等；以动词原形开头，一般没有时态变化，不与情态动词连用，其主语you常常省略。 目录 上一级 考点4 感叹句 句式 肯定形式 否定形式 动词原形+其他. Open the door!开门！ Don’t open the door.不要开门。 Be +表语. Be careful!小心！ Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到！ Let +宾语+动词原形+其他. Let me help you!让我帮你吧！ Don’t let him in!=Let him not in!不要让他进来！ No +名词/动名词. / No parking!禁止停车！ 注意：为了表示委婉语气，一般在句首或句尾加please。please放在句尾时，前面用逗号隔开。如：Please open the book!请打开书本！　Write it down, please!请把它写下来！ 单句语法选择 ( )1. __________. Smiling can help you stay healthy. A. Smile B. Smiling C. Smiled ( )2. —Sam, __________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerous. —Sorry, Ms. Black. A. do B. don’t C. doesn’t ( )3. __________ free from the stress. And taking up a kind of sport is an amazing way. A. To be B. Being C. Be 目录 上一级 A B C There be句型表示“某处有某人(某物)”。如： There is a shopping mall near Peter’s home.(★2024年语法选择考) 彼得家附近有一家购物中心。 目录 上一级 考点5 There be句型 (5年1考) (1)There be 用法 　　be动词的形式变化遵循“就近原则”，即be动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果主语部分是两个或两个以上的人或物时，be动词一般和邻近主语的数和人称保持一致。如： 目录 上一级 There is a pen and five books. 有一支钢笔和五本书。 There are five books and a pen. (2)There be 句型不同时态的变化 ①一般现在时：There is/are ... ②一般过去时：There was/were ... ③一般将来时：There will be ... /There is/are going to be ... ④现在完成时：There have/has been ... 目录 上一级 单句语法选择 ( )1. __________ only a few animals in the yard. The others are sleepy in the cages. A. They are B. It is C. There are ( )2. Scientists say that in the future there __________ longer summers and shorter winters. A. are B. have been C. will be ( )3. There __________ some milk and apples in the fridge. A. have B. is C. are 目录 上一级 C C B 目录 技法点拨 点拨1 点拨2 广东近5年的中考回答问题主要考查特殊疑问句，选择疑问句在2023年和2022年各考查1次。那么学生面对该题型应如何着手呢？其实从题目要求中我们便可窥知一二，既是“回答问题”，则“读懂问题”就是解题突 破点。 •熟悉题干疑问词：①疑问词的含义和用法；②相应疑问词的答语。 •提取题干关键词：①与原文用词相同；②为原文同义替换。 点拨1 疑问句在回答问题中的考查 目录 上一级 目录 上一级 (2024·广东79题节选)A student called Jason said that reading to a younger buddy was really helpful. He became more confident, as he knew he was a role model for someone. Why did Jason think the program was helpful? _________________________________________________________________ 根据题干中的疑问词“Why”表示“为什么”，答语通常用because来回答其原因。再结合题干关键词“Jason”“helpful”与原文用词相同，定位至文中对应信息处，故答案为：Because he became more confident (, as he knew he was a role model for someone). Because he became more confident(, as he knew he was a role model for someone). 目录 上一级 (2023·广东80题节选)In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play. Which matters more for creativity, hard work or dreams? _________________________________________________________________ 根据题干中的疑问词“Which”表示“哪一个”，且提供了两个选项，可知答语应选择其一。结合题干关键词“matters more for creativity”与原文用词相同，定位至文中对应信息处，故答案为：Hard work. Hard work. 目录 上一级 (2022·广东78题节选)Dr. Yang himself gets up at 6:30 a.m. Then he usually takes a walk outside. Sometimes, he walks his two dogs in the park in the afternoon with his sunglasses left at home. 　What does Dr. Yang usually do after he gets up? _________________________________________________________________ 根据题干中的疑问词“What”表示“什么”，答语通常是完整句子、名词或名词性短语等。结合题干关键词“Dr. Yang”“after he gets up”，定位至文中对应信息处，其中“after”与文中“Then”即同义替换，故答案为：He usually takes a walk outside.(注意人称和时态) He usually takes a walk outside.(注意人称和时态) 目录 上一级 语篇强化 阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答五个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、信息完整切题。 Have you noticed that more extreme weather happens now than in the past? On April 27th, 2024, a strong tornado(龙卷风)hit Guangzhou, capital of Guangdong Province. Local people said they had never seen such a scary tornado before. 目录 上一级 In fact, we are not so often troubled by tornadoes like some other countries. And many people have no idea about it. A tornado is a kind of strong storm which moves in a circle quickly. They can cause a lot of damage(损坏)with a speed of 200 miles per hour. So it’s truly necessary to know some safety tips to protect you from a tornado. 　　We cannot stop tornadoes from happening, but luckily, scientists who do research on weather have ways to predict when they will come. So listen to the important weather news before a tornado. Besides, tornado warnings also help, like gray sky, rolling dark clouds and rumbling sound. Even balls of ice may come down. 目录 上一级 During a tornado, move to a safe place in the room as fast as possible. The best one is the basement—a space that is used to store things under the level of the ground. If there’s no basement, try to find a first-floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house. Remember to curl up(蜷缩)into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands. 　　After a tornado, you should first check if it is safe to go out and then check the buildings and the area for damage. Make sure if there is anybody else around you, and help the people who are in need. 目录 上一级 1. What happened in Guangzhou on April 27th, 2024? _________________________________________________________________2. How does a tornado move? _________________________________________________________________3. Who can predict when tornadoes will come? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A strong tornado hit Guangzhou on April 27th, 2024. A tornado/It moves in a circle quickly. Scientists who do research on weather can predict when tornadoes will come./Scientists who do research on weather. 4. Where is the best place for you to stay during a tornado? _________________________________________________________________5. What should you first check after a tornado? _________________________________________________________________ 目录 上一级 A basement is the best place for us to stay during a tornado./A basement. We should first check if it is safe to go out. 感叹句是特征较为明显的一类句型，学生应对该考点有一定的敏感度并能快速识别。在广东近5年的中考语法选择中，主要考查由how引导的感叹句。选项设置为what a/an、how，重点在准确判断出引导词。现将常见的解题突破点归纳如下： ①去掉主谓，句末单词是名词，用what； ②去掉主谓，句末单词是形容词或副词，用how； ③若无主谓，还看句末单词，名词what，形副how。 点拨2 感叹句在语法选择中的考查(5年2考) 目录 上一级 (2023·广东35题节选)__________ excited David was! ( )A. How B. What C. What an 目录 上一级 去掉主谓“David was”，句末单词是形容词“excited”，用how引导，故选A。 A 目录 上一级 (2020·广东39题节选)“Wow!” she cried proudly. “__________ high my butterfly flies!” ( )A. What B. What a C. What an D. How 去掉主谓“my butterfly flies”，句末单词是副词“high”，用how引导，故选D。 D 目录 上一级 语篇强化[语篇(一)为对点专练，语篇(二)为结合前面专题的综合性训练。] (一) 　　Mount Huangshan is an amazing place full of different things to see and experience. Last summer vacation, I went there with my family. 目录 上一级 　　On my way up to the mountain, I noticed a lot of absurd stones which look like humans or animals. It depends on the direction in which you look. 　1　 interesting stones! What came next was the rolling sea of clouds I saw at the top of the mountain. While I was standing in front of it, only one feeling hit me: 　2　 tiny we humans are! ( )1. A. How B. What C. What an ( )2. A. What an B. What a C. How B C 　　After the climbing, I went to the hot spring at the foot of the mountain. The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring is. 　3　 strange it is! But that’s how nature is—always leaving us surprised. 　　　4　 unforgettable trip it was! It will always stick in my memory. When you’re in China, don’t forget to visit Mount Huangshan! 目录 上一级 ( )3. A. How B. What a C. What an ( )4. A. What a B. What an C. How A B 目录 上一级 (二) 　　For Junior Three students, learning is just like a long hike in winter. 　1　 hard it is along the road! But what should we do to go through 　2　 whole way and achieve our goals? ( )1. A. What a B. What an C. How 　　 ( )2. A. a B. an C. the C C 目录 上一级 　3　 of all, make sure that you have enough physical exercise. Health condition is said to be the first important thing. What’s more, a regular daily plan 　4　. Instead of staying up late 　5　 night, keeping a suitable schedule of study would be of great importance. It can improve our efficiency(效率)and make 　6　 more energetic when we are in the ocean of tasks. ( )3. A. One B. First C. The first ( )4. A. is needed B. was needed C. needs ( )5. A. on B. at C. in ( )6. A. we B. our C. us B A B C 目录 上一级 Get everything 　7　 prepared in the daily study. Also, it is necessary for us to plan some pleasure time before we start. Last but not least, keep positive. All we are supposed 　8　 is to run towards the sun and never give up halfway. Make full 　9　 of every day rather than worry about the unknown future. ( )7. A. well B. better C. best ( )8. A. doing B. to do C. do ( )9. A. use B. uses C. uses’ A B A 目录 上一级 　　When we are running towards the end of the hike, the spirit of persistence(坚持)really counts. If winter 　10　, can spring be far away? ( )10. A. will come B. has comes C. comes C 目录 滚动专练 语法选择 　　Do you like dramas? Do you want to know about the history of the Ming Dynasty? A TV drama called Under the Microscope(《显微镜下的大明》)has ever become one of 　1　 shows in China. The drama shows the lives of common people in the Ming Dynasty. We’ve seen many TV shows 　2　 kings and queens. But what were the lives of common people like in the past? The new drama will bring 　3　 back to the Ming Dynasty (1368－1644) to have a look. 目录 ( )1. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular C ( )2. A. for B. about C. with ( )3. A. we B. us C. our B B 目录 The drama tells stories about 　4　 young man named Shuai Jiamo who loves math. One day he finds a problem with the silk tax(丝绢税)in his country. He manages 　5　 out what has happened. However, 　6　 difficulties from many sides waiting for him. ( )4. A. a B. an C. the ( )5. A. find B. finding C. to find ( )6. A. They are B. It is C. There are A C C 目录 To let people feel closer to the lives at that time, the scriptwriter(编剧)Ma Boyong looked deep into history materials. In the drama, he shows 　7　 the rules of tax in the Ming Dynasty worked. He also shows the different jobs in the 　8　 government. ( )7. A. what B. where C. how ( )8. A. country B. country’s C. countries C B 目录 “Just as the title shows, the drama puts ‘small things’ 　9　 ‘small people’ under the microscope. After all, the so called ‘big’ stories in history 　10　 up of many ‘small’ ones,” said Ma. And he is very proud of what he has done. ( )9. A. and B. but C. or ( )10. A. make B. made C. were made A C $$