专题4 代词篇（课件PPT）-【思而优·中考突破】2025年中考英语总复习（广东专用）

25版·英语课件 专题四　代词篇 第一部分　语法突破 01 思维导图 04 技法点拨 目录 03 考点突破 05 滚动专练 02 考点导航 目录 思维导图 目录 目录 目录 目录 考点导航 目录 年份 语法选择 短文填空 2024 / them —人称代词宾格 2023 his —形容词性物主代词 it —人称代词宾格 2022 her —形容词性物主代词 it —人称代词宾格 2021 It —人称代词主格 him —人称代词宾格 2020 her —形容词性物主代词 their —形容词性物主代词 ［命题规律］代词的考查集中在语法选择和短文填空中，主要考查人称代词和物主代词。建议课时：3课时。 目录 考点突破 考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4 考点5 代词是代替人或物的一类词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词(普通不定代词和复合不定代词)。 目录 上一级 1.人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表 目录 考点1 人称代词、物业代词与反身代词（5 年 9 考） 上一级 类别 人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 目录 上一级 类别 人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第三人称 单数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves 2.用法 目录 上一级 类别 用法 例子 人称代词 ①主格在句中作主语 ②宾格在句中作宾语或表语 They are both university students.他们两个都是大学生。 The doctor advised me to stay at home.医生建议我待在家里。 物主代词 ①形容词性物主代词位于名词前，作定语 ②名词性物主代词相当于名词，其后不能接名词，在句中作主语、宾语或表语 The girl is new here. What’s her name? 这个女孩是新来的，她叫什么名字？ You’ve got the wrong cup. It’s mine. 你拿错杯子了。它是我的。 反身代词 在句中可作宾语、表语或同位语，必须与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致 The journey was so exciting. We enjoyed ourselves yesterday. 这次旅行是令人激动的。昨天我们玩得非常高兴。 it的特殊用法 ①指代时间、天气、距离等。如： 　It’s rainy today.今天有雨。(It指代天气) ②指代婴儿、身份不明的人或用于电话用语中。如： 　—Who is waiting for you at the door? 谁在门口等你？ 　—It’s Mike.是迈克。 目录 上一级 ③it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式，常用在find、think、make、feel等词后。如： 　We all think it comfortable to live in Pingdingshan.我们都认为住在平顶山很舒适。 ④it作形式主语，常用于“It’s+adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.”句型中。如： 　It’s dangerous for your son to swim alone.你儿子独自游泳很危险。 目录 上一级 3.反身代词常见固定搭配 目录 上一级 单句语法选择 ( )1. So down went the two raindrops. One fell on the farmer’s nose, and the other on a thirsty plant. “What’s that?” the farmer cried. “You raindrop! I do believe we’ll have a shower soon.” By this time other raindrops had seen what __________ did. A. them B. they C. their ( )2. Using AI tools in the right way can help __________ to work better. A. we B. our C. us 目录 上一级 B C ( )3. I was full of anger and shouted at my sister. “You are really a troublemaker, and I hate you.” Hearing the words, my sister began crying and tried to explain __________. But I didn’t want to hear it. A. her B. hers C. herself ( )4. Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in __________ homes and offices. A. their B. them C. they 目录 上一级 C A ( )5. We should learn to be responsible for __________, not always waiting to be pushed. A. ours B. ourselves C. us 目录 上一级 B 1.指示代词this、these、that、those 注意：在电话用语中，称呼自己用this，称呼对方用that。 目录 考点2 指示代词 上一级 代词 含义 用法 例子 this 这个，单数 空间或时间上近指 This is my sister.这是我的姐姐。 These are her photos.这些是她的照片。 these 这些，复数 that 那个，单数 空间或时间上远指 Is that your mum?那是你妈妈吗？ Those aren’t my books.那些不是我的书。 those 那些，复数 2. it、one、that作代词的区别 目录 上一级 代词 用法 例子 it 特指上文提到的同名同物(不可数名词或单数可数名词) I can’t find my phone. Have you seen it? 我找不到我的手机了，你看见了吗？ one 泛指上文提到的同名异物(复数用ones) Your shirt is so beautiful. Can you buy one for me? 你的衬衫太漂亮了，可以给我买一件吗？ that 特指上文提到的同名异物(不可数名词或单数可数名词)，通常用于比较级(复数用those) The weather in Kunming is colder than that in Zhongshan.昆明的天气比中山的天气要冷。 单句语法选择 ( )1. This year, more communities in China start free courses for the old. People who are over 60 years old can choose __________ to have a try. A. it B. one C. this ( )2. The food in the restaurant usually tastes more delicious than __________ we cook at home. A. that B. it C. those ( )3. I have a new book. I like reading __________. A. that B. it C. one 目录 上一级 B A B 目录 考点3 疑问代词 (多在听说部分、阅读理解和回答问题中考查) 上一级 疑问代词 用法 例子 who(谁) 在句中作主语、表语，不能放在介词后 Who is your English teacher?谁是你的英语老师？ whom(谁) 在句中只能作宾语 Whom does this pen belong to?这支钢笔属于谁？ whose(谁的) 对所属关系提问，可单独使用，也可放在名词前 Whose car is this?这是谁的车？ 目录 上一级 疑问代词 用法 例子 what(什么) 对具体内容提问，可用于询问职业、样貌等 What do you do?你是做什么的？ What does his father look like?他的爸爸长什么样？ which (哪一个) 单复数均可，对已知范围内的人或物提问 Which is more beautiful, the red one or the green one?哪一个更漂亮，红色的还是绿色的？ 单句语法选择 ( )1. —__________ is the population of America? —I don’t know, but I know it is much smaller than that in China. A. What B. Why C. How ( )2. “The umbrella is in the corner of the room for weeks. __________ is it?” asked the monitor. A. Who B. Which C. Whose 目录 上一级 A C 1. some和any 目录 考点4 名词所有格 （5 年 2 考） 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 some (一些) ①一般用于肯定句中 ②用于表示建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中 There are some differences between British English and American English.英式英语和美式英语之间有一些差异。 Would you like some tea?你想要一些茶吗？ any (一些；任何一个) ①表示“一些”时，用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中 ②表示“任何一个”时，用于肯定句中 They haven’t caught any fish yet.他们还没有钓到鱼。 Next Monday, any student will be required to wear uniforms.下周一，任何学生都会被要求穿校服。 2. many和much 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 many 修饰可数名词复数 Tourists can see many Western-style buildings in Shanghai. 游客在上海可以看到许多西式建筑。 much 修饰不可数名词 Drinking much hot water will be good for you. 多喝热水对你有好处。 3. few、a few、little和a little 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 few (几乎没有) 修饰可数名词复数，表否定 Sophia had few words the whole afternoon. 索菲娅整个下午几乎没有说话。 a few(一些) 修饰可数名词复数，表肯定 Sara took a few wonderful photos.萨拉拍了一些精彩的照片。 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 little (几乎没有) 修饰不可数名词，表否定 The boy has little communication with others. 这个男孩几乎不和别人交流。 a little (一些) 修饰不可数名词，表肯定 It takes him a little time to read books at home. 他在家里看书需要花一点时间。 4. both、either和neither 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 both 表示“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式 Both of my parents are outgoing. 我的父母都很外向。 either 表示“(两者中的)任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 Either of her brothers wants to be an engineer. 她两个弟弟中的任何一个都想成为工程师。 neither 表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式 Neither of us likes to do chores. 我们俩都不喜欢做家务。 5. each和every 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 each 强调个体，指两者或两者以上中的每一个，可与of连用，其后谓语动词用单数形式 Each of us in the group wants to make friends with Gina because she is kind-hearted. 组里的每个人都想和吉娜交朋友，因为她很善良。 every 强调整体，指三者或三者以上中的每一个，不可与of连用，不单独使用，其后谓语动词用单数形式 Almost every student has read the book. 差不多每个学生都读过这本书。 6. all和none 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 all 表示“(三者或三者以 上)都” All the pupils were sitting in the classroom in silence. 所有的学生都安静地坐在教室里。 none 表示“(三者或三者以上)没有一个” None of us knows what happened to him. 我们中没有一个人知道他发生了什么。 7. another、other、the other、others和the others 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 another 表示“三者或三者以上中的‘另外一个’”，后接可数名词单数，有时该名词省略 注意：another +数词+可数名词复数，表示“又……；再……” One of my classmates has sent me several letters since he moved to another city.我的一位同学自从搬到另一个城市以来给我寄了好几封信。 Her mother stayed for another two weeks.她的母亲又待了两周。 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 other 表示“其他的；别的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词 Is there intelligent life on other planets? 其他星球上存在具有智慧的生命吗？ the other 表示“两者中的另一个”，常用结构为one ..., the other ...意为“一个……，另一个……” In our class, there are two students called Wang Xiaoping. One is thin, but the other is fat.我们班有两位叫王晓萍的学生。一个是瘦的，另外一个是胖的。 目录 上一级 不定代词 用法 例子 others others = other +可数名词复数，泛指其他人或物，其后不能接名词 Smile and greet others in a friendly way. 微笑并友好地问候他人。 the others the others = the other +可数名词复数，指整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部 I have got ten pens. Two of them are red and the others are blue.我有十支钢笔。两支是红色的，其余的是蓝色的。 单句语法选择 ( )1. I put a beautiful toy house with windows in the tank(鱼缸)so that my pet fish, Bob, could swim through. Sometimes, I would draw pictures of __________ fish and sea plants and tape them to the side of the tank, so Bob wouldn’t get lonely while I was at school. A. others B. other C. the other 目录 上一级 B ( )2. Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books. As soon as he reads one book, he brings home __________. A. other B. another C. the other ( )3. Yes, he did everything well and lived for __________ 16 years. A. another B. other C. others 目录 上一级 B A ( )4. I’ve ever lived in Chicago and New York, but I don’t like __________ of them very much. A. either B. none C. neither ( )5. —There are lots of picture books and magazines here, and _________ of them is easy to understand. —No wonder so many kids like spending time here. A. each B. all C. every 目录 上一级 A A ( )6. I’m sorry I know as __________ as you on the topic. You can look it up in the encyclopaedia(百科全书). A. few B. little C. many ( )7. We couldn’t buy anything because __________ of the shops were open. all B. none C. nothing ( )8. __________ of the two teenagers show great interest in talking about computer games. A. All B. Either C. Both 目录 上一级 B B C 1.初中常见的复合不定代词 目录 考点5 复合不定代词 上一级 形式 some- any- no- every- -body(指人) somebody 某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每人 -one(指人) someone某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每人 -thing(指物) something某事 anything任何事 nothing没有东西 everything每一件事 2.复合不定代词的用法 ①some-类复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，any-类复合不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。当some-类复合不定代词用于疑问句中时，往往表示希望对方给予肯定的答复。当any-类复合不定代词用于肯定句时，表示“任何”之意。如： Someone is waiting for you at the school gate.有人在学校门口等你。 Can you tell me something different between the twins? 你能告诉我这对双胞胎有什么不同吗？ We hope to prevent anything unpleasant from happening.  我们希望防止任何不愉快的事发生。 目录 上一级 ②当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，放在复合不定代词之后。如： If you want to keep your teeth healthy, you’d better not eat anything sweet a lot. 如果你想保持牙齿健康，你最好不要吃太多甜的东西。 ③复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如： Everybody hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warmth and trust. 每个人都希望有个温馨的家，因为它为我们提供温暖和信任。 目录 上一级 单句语法选择 ( )1. Daming is happy today because he helped __________ look for a set of keys on his way home. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody ( )2. You should be polite when you ask for help, or __________ will help you. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody 目录 上一级 C C ( )3. Almost __________ in our group has been to the 2nd Digital China Summit. It’s fantastic. A. someone B. no one C. everyone ( )4. Alice is now a CEO of a big company. She’s really __________ in Zhenjiang. A. somebody B. everybody C. nobody ( )5. Mrs. Brown tried to cook __________ for me when I was in Canada. She is very friendly. A. something different B. anything different C. different something 目录 上一级 C A A 目录 技法点拨 点拨1 点拨2 分析近5年广东中考对代词的考查，可知主要集中于人称代词和物主代词，同时结合前面对该类代词用法的讲解，将其常见的解题突破点归纳 如下： •关键一步：前文看一看，明确指代对象。 •代词形式确定的依据：①人称代词主格(作主语)+谓语动词；②谓语动词/介词+人称代词宾格(作宾语)；③形容词性物主代词(作定语)+名词；④名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词；⑤反身代词是“某人自己”，固定搭配常记心中。 目录 上一级 本题型多考查物主代词，人称代词次之，选项设置通常有人称代词主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和反身代词。 (2023·广东32题节选)At the age of seven, David had __________ first astronaut(宇航员) training experience. ( )A. he B. him C. his 点拨1 代词在语法选择中的考查(5年4考) 目录 上一级 分析前文可知此处指代人物“David”。结合“形容词性物主代词+名词”，应用his作定语修饰“first astronaut training experience”表示“他的第一次宇航员训练经历”，故选C。 C (2021·广东33题节选)Workers started to build the bridge in May, 2018. __________ cost $2.8 million and took over two years to complete. ( )A. It B. Its C. They D. Theirs 目录 上一级 观察前文可知，此处指代事物“the bridge”，排除C、D选项。同时结合“人称代词主格(作主语)+谓语动词”，应用人称代词主格形式it作主语，故选A。 A 语篇强化[语篇(一)为对点专练，语篇(二)为结合前面专题的综合性训练。] (一) Johnny used to get angry when meeting problems. One day, Johnny’s mother took him to the kitchen. Then 　1　 poured water into two pots and put them on the fire. When the water boiled, she put a potato in a pot and tea leaves in 　2　. ( )1. A. her B. hers C. she ( )2. A. another B. others C. the other 目录 上一级 C C “Why are you doing this?” Johnny asked. “Just be patient and wait for fifteen minutes.” When time was up, Johnny’s mother took the potato out and poured the tea into a cup. She asked Johnny, “Have you learned anything from 　3　?” “No.” ( )3. A. them B. they C. their 目录 上一级 A The mother said, “The potato was hard before; now the water has turned 　4　 soft. Oppositely, the tea leaves changed the water and created 　5　 new.” Johnny then knew what his mother meant. Both objects were boiled, but they reacted differently, just as we could deal with the same situation with different attitudes(态度). Then Johnny decided to change 　6　 attitude towards problems. ( )4. A. its B. it C. itself ( )5. A. something B. anything C. everything ( )6. A. him B. his C. he 目录 上一级 B A B (二) 　　In the Chinese history, writing tools play an important role. Among 　1　, the writing brush is the first one that should be paid attention to. The beginning of the writing brush in China can go back to the Neolithic Age(新石器时代), while its popularity 　2　 during the Warring States Period(战国时期). This tool is 　3　 used in Chinese writing and painting. ( )1. A. they B. them C. their ( )2. A. is B. was C. be ( )3. A. width B. wide C. widely 目录 上一级 B B C Nowadays, calligraphy(书法)classes 　4　 to students at school. Teachers teach students how to use the writing brush 　5　 and spread traditional Chinese culture. The soft brush can create strong and powerful lines on paper. But that only comes through 　6　 of hard work. If you want to be an excellent writing artist and be highly praised by others, you need to keep practicing for a 　7　 time every day. ( )4. A. teach B. taught C. are taught ( )5. A. enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoying ( )6. A. year B. years C. years’ 目录 上一级 C B B For many Chinese artists, the brush is more than a writing tool. “It seems in 　8　 blood. When I pick up the writing brush, suddenly my thoughts, ideas and even stories build a relationship with it,” said Liu Qinghe, a famous Chinese artist. With a good writing brush, when we 　9　 our ideas into it, we give it life. ( )7. A. long B. longer C. the longest ( )8. A. I B. my C. me ( )9. A. is putting B. will put C. put 目录 上一级 A B C 本题型主要考查人称代词宾格和形容词性物主代词。 (2024·广东66题节选)As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of __________ is bike riding, or biking. 点拨2 代词在短文填空中的考查 (5年5考) 目录 上一级 always among and answer believe big but city grow seldom they whenever 结合上文，此处指“outdoor activities”。且根据“介词+人称代词宾格(作宾语)”，应使用备选词they的宾格形式，故填them。 them (2023·广东66题节选)There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put __________ in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. 目录 上一级 it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred 结合上文，此处指“a small thing”，用备选词it代替。且put为谓语动词，根据“谓语动词+人称代词宾格(作宾语)”，应使用其宾格形式，故填it。 it (2021·广东66题节选)One man has turned his interest into love and this love made __________ write many books about China. 目录 上一级 it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred 分析上文，可知此处指代“one man”, 表示“这种热爱使他写了很多关于中国的书”。且“made”为谓语动词，根据“谓语动词+人称代词宾格(作宾语)”，应使用he的宾格形式作宾语，故填him。 him (2020·广东74题节选)Although ..., she helped 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saw smiles on __________ faces. 目录 上一级 it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred 分析上文，可知此处指代“12 kids”。根据“形容词性物主代词(作定语)+名词”，且此处表示“他们的脸蛋”，可知填their。 their 语篇强化[语篇(一)为对点专练，语篇(二)为结合前面专题的综合性训练。] (一) Scientists from the University of California, the Alaska Whale Foundation, and SETI announced that they teamed up and had a “conversation” with a humpback whale(座头鲸) named Twain. 1.______ was the first communication between humans and humpback whales. 目录 上一级 none she we they other something it It Whales use contact calls to let 2.__________ whales know where they are. The scientists sent the same “contact call” into the ocean off the coast of Alaska. Twain heard the call and responded. She swam to the research boat. And the scientists spoke to 3.__________ in “humpback language” for 20 minutes. 目录 上一级 none she we they other something it other her The scientists also said that 4.__________ research could help talk to aliens one day. “There are different kinds of species(物种) on this planet. By studying them, we can better understand what an alien’s intelligence might be like because they are not going to be exactly like 5.__________,” said Professor McCowan. 目录 上一级 none she we they other something it their ours (二) Recently, a Yunnan girl dancing in front of her mother’s pork shop became popular online. The girl’s name is Wu Gangyun. She showed great 1.__________ in dancing when she was very young. She always dreamed of being a dancer when growing up. 目录 上一级 rich dance yet happy try other interest come send she know either interest Although Wu’s mother 2.__________ nothing about dancing, she supported her daughter. But Wu’s family wasn’t very 3.__________. Her parents didn’t have enough money to 4.__________ her to a professional dancing school. However, Wu Gangyun never gave up her love for dancing. She began to watch videos about dancing online and then taught 5.__________ how to dance. She was not only talented but also hard-working. She practiced 6.__________ whenever she was free. The neighbors often saw Wu dance 7.__________ when her mother was working in the small pork shop. 目录 上一级 rich dance yet happy try other interest come send she know either knew rich send herself dancing happily Luckily, Wu’s talent attracted the attention of Zhang Ping and her husband. The warm-hearted couple have 8.__________ their best to help poor girls in Yunnan to continue their dancing education for many years. Later, with the help of the couple, Wu Gangyun made great progress. With several 9.__________ children from her hometown, Wu even performed “The Wizard of Oz” on the CCTV stage. The performance was a huge success. We all have the chance to make our dream 10.__________ true as long as we never give up. 目录 上一级 rich dance yet happy try other interest come send she know either tried other come 目录 滚动专练 短文填空 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 I love to share things with my friends and family. I share food, video clips and sometimes I share 1.__________ feelings. Sharing is a way of creating valuable memories, brightening the lives of others and connecting with others. 目录 cut but from different each express and become buy close soft I my One time, I 2.__________ a large pizza with my best friend after school when we were both hungry. We ate it in a park and talked about our day. The pizza tasted more delicious than usual. We laughed a lot and felt much 3.__________ to each other. I recall that moment of sharing 4.__________ time to time. It’s a valuable experience I will never forget. 目录 cut but from different each express and become buy close soft I bought closer from Another time, I shared a funny video with my mom—a clip of a cat playing the piano. She watched it on my phone and then said 5.__________, “Thank you, Roger. I felt so tired today, but this video really made my day.” I didn’t expect such a simple act of sharing could make such a big 6.__________ to the people around me. 目录 cut but from different each express and become buy close soft I softly difference Sharing is not only about giving, but also about receiving. Sometimes people share things with me, 7.__________ I’m thankful for their kindness. For example, my teacher shared a book with me. It was a science fiction novel about space travel. I shared my thoughts with him. Since then, sharing my reading experiences has 8.__________ a special way for me to bond(建立关系)with him. 目录 cut but from different each express and become buy close soft I and become As Francis Bacon once said, “When happiness is shared with a friend, it gets doubled; when sadness is shared with a friend, it is 9.__________ to half.” In my eyes, sharing is a way to 10.__________ myself. It improves our relationships and makes our lives rich. 目录 cut but from different each express and become buy close soft I cut express $$