精品解析：广东省深圳市龙岗区宏扬学校2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题

2024—2025学年八年级英语（上册）学科素养形成练习 期末（Unit 1— Unit 8） （满分：75分） 第一部分 选择题（50分） Ⅰ.完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分） Maya and her parents are going to the United States to visit Maya’s Aunt Vicky. “Hurry up, Maya!” says her father. “We need to get to the ____1____!” Maya has never been on an airplane before. She is ____2____. Will the plane fall out of the sky? Maya’s father finds her ____3____ under her bed. “What’s wrong? Are you scared?” he asks. Maya nods. “Planes are safe, darling. They are designed to fly!” “But ____4____?” whispers Maya. “Four forces are at work, keeping planes in the air.” Maya’s father ____5____ four fingers. “The sky is full of air, which pushes the airplane backwards. We call this DRAG. The ____6____ of the plane and everything inside it pulls it downwards, towards the ground. That’s called GRAVITY (重力).” Maya crawls (爬行) out from under the bed. She sits beside her father on the bed. “A plane’s engine works really hard to push the plane ____7____. We call this THRUST. If the thrust is ____8____ than the drag, the plane flies ahead!” “Cool!” Maya smiles. “Finally, the wings of the plane are built so that the air on top of them moves faster than the air ____9____ them. The faster air is under less pressure, which lifts the plane up into the sky—it is called LIFT! I promise we’ll be safe in the airplane,” says Dad. “When you put it that way, I can’t wait to ____10____!” Maya jumps up and takes her suitcase. “Aunt Vicky, here we come!” 1. A. station B. airport C. harbor D. stop 2. A. tired B. bored C. surprised D. afraid 3. A. sleeping B. lying C. hiding D. sitting 4. A. how B. why C. where D. when 5. A. ties up B. holds up C. makes up D. breaks up 6. A. length B. size C. shape D. weight 7. A. downwards B. upwards C. backwards D. forwards 8. A. wider B. narrower C. stronger D. weaker 9. A. below B. beside C. behind D. beyond 10. A. see B. drive C. fly D. share 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了玛雅和她的父母要去美国拜访玛雅的姨妈维姬，但是玛雅从未坐过飞机，她感到很害怕。玛雅的父亲告诉她飞机是安全的，并解释了飞机在空中飞行的原理。 【1题详解】 句意：“快点，玛雅！”她爸爸说。“我们得去机场！” station车站；airport机场；harbor港口；stop停车站。根据“Maya has never been on an airplane before.”可知，要去机场坐飞机，故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：她害怕。 tired疲劳的；bored无聊的；surprised惊讶的；afraid害怕的。根据“Will the plane fall out of the sky?”及“‘What’s wrong? Are you scared?’ he asks. Maya nods.”可知，玛雅很害怕。故选D。 【3题详解】 句意：玛雅的父亲发现她躲在床下。 sleeping睡觉；lying躺着；hiding躲藏；sitting坐。根据“‘What’s wrong? Are you scared?’ he asks. Maya nods.”可知，玛雅很害怕，所以躲在床下，故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：“但是，是怎么（飞起来的呢）？”玛雅低声说。 how怎么；why为什么；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“They are designed to fly!”及“Four forces are at work, keeping planes in the air.”可知，此处是问如何飞起来的，故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：“有四种力作用在飞机上，使它能够飞行。”玛雅的爸爸举起四个手指。 ties up捆绑；holds up举起；makes up化妆；breaks up打破。根据“Four forces are at work”及“four fingers”可知，爸爸举起四个手指，其他选项不符合句意，故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：飞机和飞机内部一切的重量将其向下拉向地面。 length长度；size尺寸；shape形状；weight重量。根据“of the plane and everything inside it pulls it downwards, towards the ground.”可知，飞机和飞机上所有东西的重量都向下，故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：飞机的发动机非常努力地向前推动飞机。 downwards向下；upwards向上；backwards向后；forwards向前。根据“If the thrust is ... than the drag, the plane flies ahead!”可知，是向前推动，故选D。 【8题详解】 句意：如果推力大于阻力，飞机就会向前飞！ wider更宽；narrower更窄；stronger更大；weaker更弱。根据“If the thrust is ... than the drag, the plane flies ahead!”可知，推力大于阻力，飞机才会向前，故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：最后，飞机的机翼被构造成它们顶部的空气比它们下面的空气移动得更快。 below在……下面；beside在……旁边；behind在……后面；beyond超出。根据“The faster air is under less pressure, which lifts the plane up into the sky—it is called LIFT!”可知，飞机的机翼被设计成使它们上方的空气比下方的空气移动得更快，这样飞机才能升空。故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：“你这么说，我就迫不及待地想坐飞机了！”玛雅跳起来拿起她的行李箱。 see看见；drive开车；fly坐飞机；share分享。根据上文可知，他们是要坐飞机，故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1.5分） A Lili Time is a cafe in Shanghai, but it is a little bit different. Some customers do not go there to drink coffee. Instead, they want to enjoy the “special” service (服务). In 2013, when Zhang Lili was working in her first cafe, a customer gave her a note. It read, “I’m deaf but I really love coffee. Would you give me the chance to learn how to make it?” And then this customer became the first deaf barista (咖啡师) in that cafe. And there started Zhang’s story with the deaf community. Six years later, Zhang and her husband started Lili Time. Over the past few years, it has become a place filled with love. Some other cafes also have deaf baristas, but they use QR codes (二维码) to help with ordering. Lili Time does not. People need to order their coffee by talking to its baristas, even though they speak slowly and sometimes not clearly enough. But this is Zhang’s plan. She wants deaf people to talk to others and be more confident. She doesn’t sell coffee by delivery service (外卖服务), either. She wants there to be communication between her customers and her baristas. At the same time, Lili Time provides a space for people to teach others skills, such as taking photos, learning English, French, and so on—all for free. They come here every week. Now, Zhang is thinking about opening a new cafe for children in need. 11. When was Lili Time founded? A. In 2013. B. In 2016. C. In 2019. D. In 2022. 12. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Lili Time? A. Customers use the QR codes to order coffee in it. B. Only deaf people and children come here to drink coffee. C. People can learn English and take photos every weekend. D. It is a special cafe not only for coffee. 13. What does Zhang hope to do? ①To make deaf people more confident. ②To sell more coffee. ③To sell coffee by delivery service. ④To make customers communicate with baristas. A. ①③ B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ②④ 14. Who does the underlined “they” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Baristas. B. Zhang’s friends. C. Foreigners. D. Customers. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. Delivery service in Lili Time B. The first deaf barista C. Lili Zhang and the deaf people D. A cafe filled with love 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了上海的一家特殊的咖啡厅。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 2013, when Zhang Lili was working in her first cafe, a customer gave her a note.”以及“Six years later, Zhang and her husband started Lili Time.”可知，Lili Time成立于2013年之后六年，即2019年，故选C。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lili Time is a cafe in Shanghai, but it is a little bit different. Some customers do not go there to drink coffee. Instead, they want to enjoy the ‘special’ service (服务).”可知，Lili Time是一家不仅仅提供咖啡特殊咖啡馆，故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“She wants deaf people to talk to others and be more confident.”和“She wants there to be communication between her customers and her baristas.”可知，张希望让聋人更加自信，并让顾客和咖啡师之间进行交流，故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词前的“Some other cafes also have deaf baristas,”以及“People need to order their coffee by talking to its baristas, even though they speak slowly and sometimes not clearly enough.”可知，这一句讲到了人们需要通过与咖啡师交谈来点咖啡，尽管他们说话很慢，有时还不够清楚。因此“they”指的是咖啡师，故选A。 【15题详解】 最佳标题题。本文介绍了一家充满爱的咖啡馆，因为它不仅仅关注咖啡，还关注人与人之间的交流与帮助，因此选项D“一家充满爱的咖啡馆”为最佳标题。故选D。 B The Earth is the energetic planet that we call home. It was formed over 4.5 billion years ago. The Earth might seem like a rock ball, but it’s actually made up of four different parts. The inner core (核心) is at the centre of the Earth. It’s a hard ball of hot metal, about 70 per cent the size of the Moon. The temperature of the inner core can be as high as 5,400℃ and it’s the hottest part of the Earth. The outer core circles (环绕) the inner core. Unlike the inner core, it is a liquid (液体的) layer, made mostly of iron. It’s almost as hot as the inner core. The mantle (地幔) is a thick layer. It circles the outer core and is about 2900 kilometres thick, making it the Earth’s deepest part. The mantle is mostly made of rock, but it also includes some magma (岩浆). The magma melted (融化) under high heat and pressure. It finally comes out from volcanoes. We live on Earth’s crust (地壳), a layer of rock about 30 kilometres thick. That might seem thick, but it’s actually very thin, considering the size of Earth. There are two types of crusts: the mainland crust, which carries land, and the oceanic crust, which carries water. The thinnest parts of the crust are under the oceans, and the thickest parts are under the land. The Earth’s crust is divided into large plates. Scientists believe that these plates are moving all the time, which explains how the world looks. 16. What does the writer think of the Earth according to paragraph 1? A. Energetic and round. B. Old and energetic. C. Young and rocky. D. Round and young. 17. What is the thickest part of the Earth? A. The crust. B. The mantle. C. The inner core. D. The outer core. 18. Which of the following pictures may be the underlined word “volcanoes”? A. B. C. D. 19. Which is the right structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 20. Where can the readers find the passage? A. A sports newspaper. B. A travel guide. C. A news website. D. A geography magazine. 【答案】16 B 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍地球的结构。 【16题详解】 观点态度题。根据第一段中的“The Earth is the energetic planet that we call home. It was formed over 4.5 billion years ago.”可知，作者认为地球古老且精力充沛。故选B。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The mantle (地幔) is a thick layer. It circles the outer core and is about 2,900 kilometres thick, making it the Earth’s deepest part.”可知，地球上最厚的部分是地幔。故选B。 【18题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“The magma melted (融化) under high heat and pressure. It finally comes out from volcanoes.”可知，岩浆在高温高压下熔化，终于从火山中冒出来了，所以划线部分的含义是“火山”。故选C。 【19题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总体叙述地球是由四个不同的部分组成的；第二段到第四段分别介绍这四个部分。故选A。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍地球的结构，属于地理范畴。故选D。 C The horse-face skirt or mamianqun, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song dynasty. It actually has nothing to do with a horse’s face. “Ma Mian” in ancient China has another meaning. It refers to a special structure of ancient Chinese city wall system. But whether its name is really related to the city wall is still a question. During the Song dynasty, it was initially worn by high-class coursesans (歌舞伎) and was made of silk or cotton. Because of the style and its functionality, it soon spread among the upper-class ladies. In the early Ming dynasty, mamianqun was quite loose, and its style was simple, and it was characterized (是……的特征) by a high-waisted design and a skirt that looked like the face of a horse. Mamianqun in the Qing dynasty gradually developed into the everyday clothing of Han women, which was also used in wedding dresses in the late Qing dynasty. Mamianqun was still worn by Chinese women in the 1920s. After the May Fourth Movement, the difference between Chinese women’s skirts and Western women’s skirts became smaller, and the traditional elements gradually disappeared. Nowadays, this traditional beauty continues to be valued by Chinese people. The Chinese actress Yang Mi wore it in the 2024 Henan TV Spring Festival Gala. It immediately became a trendy clothing on social media. Many people searched the same skirt worn by the actress on e-shopping platforms. It is called the neo-Chinese style which naturally puts together modernity and tradition. 21. What was the earliest mamianqun made of? A. Cotton and buttons. B. Plastic and buttons. C. Silk and plastic. D. Silk and cotton. 22. Which of the following statements about mamianqun is TRUE? A. It first appeared in the Ming dynasty. B. Only poor people wore it at the beginning. C. A Chinese actress wore it in the 2024 Hunan TV Spring Festival Gala. D. It is being loved again although it disappeared for a long time. 23. What does the writer try to tell us in this passage? A. The reason why we call it horse-face skirt. B. The characteristic of the horse-face skirt. C. The development of the horse-face skirt. D. The different types of the horse-face skirt. 24. In which dynasty did mamianqun develop into the everyday clothing of Han women? A. The Tang dynasty. B. The Ming dynasty. C. The Qing dynasty. D. The Han dynasty. 25. In what order is this passage written? A. Opinions. B. Time. C. Space. D. Persons. 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了像马面裙这样的传统中国服装又开始流行起来。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“During the Song dynasty, it was initially worn by high-class coursesans (歌舞伎) and was made of silk or cotton.”可知，最早的马面裙材料是丝绸和棉布。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“After the May Fourth Movement, the difference between Chinese women’s skirts and Western women’s skirts became smaller, and the traditional elements gradually disappeared.”以及“The Chinese actress Yang Mi wore it in the 2024 Henan TV Spring Festival Gala. It immediately became a trendy clothing on social media. ”可知，文章提到了五四运动后，中国女裙与西方女裙的差异逐渐缩小，传统元素逐渐消失，后又提到杨幂在2024年穿马面裙使其流行，说明马面裙虽曾消失，但如今又受到喜爱，故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The horse-face skirt or mamianqun, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song dynasty. ”；“In the early Ming dynasty, mamianqun was quite loose…by a high-waisted design and a skirt that looked like the face of a horse.”以及“Mamianqun in the Qing dynasty gradually developed into the everyday clothing of Han women,”和“Nowadays, this traditional beauty continues to be valued by Chinese people.”可知，这篇文章中作者想要告诉读者马面裙发展历程，故选C。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。 根据“Mamianqun in the Qing dynasty gradually developed into the everyday clothing of Han women, which was also used in wedding dresses in the late Qing dynasty.”可知，清代的马面裙逐渐发展成为汉族妇女的日常服饰。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。通读全文，尤其根据关键词“During the Song dynasty”；“In the early Ming dynasty”；“in the Qing dynasty”；“ After the May Fourth Movement”以及“Nowadays”可知，文章以时间为线索介绍马面裙的历史发展，故选择时间。故选B。 第二节 以下是一则短文，请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Many people like to travel during their vacations. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the tourists can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. ____26____ If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see. ____27____ Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages. ____28____ They want to do some different things or do things they could not usually do at home, such as skiing. bungee jumping (蹦极跳) and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. ____29____ It’s a good way to relax themselves. ____30____ Some people take trains, boats or buses; some fly, and others rent (租) cars and drive themselves. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others prefer quick tours, visiting more places in a short time. How do you like to spend your vacation? A. Some people travel for a feeling of adventure (冒险). B. They look for new things they can’t find at home or cheap ones. C. There are different ways to travel. D. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it is much cheaper. E. People travel for many reasons. F. Other people prefer to travel alone or with friends. 【答案】26. F 27. E 28. A 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲了人们可以如何旅行，详细地介绍了一些旅行的方式和活动等。 【26题详解】 根据后句“If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see.”可知，说的是独自旅行，结合选项可知，F选项“其他人更喜欢独自旅行或与朋友一起旅行。”符合。故选F。 【27题详解】 根据后句“Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages.”可知，此处讲旅行的原因，结合选项可知，E选项“人们旅行的原因有很多。”符合。故选E。 【28题详解】 根据后句“They want to do some different things or do things they could not usually do at home, such as skiing. bungee jumping (蹦极跳) and mountain climbing.”可知，说的是危险的活动，结合选项可知，A选项“有些人旅行是为了冒险的感觉。”符合。故选A。 【29题详解】 根据前句“Other people like to shop when they travel.”可知，说的是购物，结合选项可知，B选项“他们寻找在家里找不到的新东西或便宜的东西。”符合。故选B。 【30题详解】 根据后句“Some people take trains, boats or buses; some fly, and others rent (租) cars and drive themselves.”可知，说的是旅行方式，结合选项可知，C选项“有不同的旅行方式。”符合。故选C。 第三节 信息匹配 下面的材料A—F分别是一些活动场所的介绍，请根据Jack，Allen，Ken，Bob，Tony的情况，选择能满足他们需求的场所，并将其标号填入括号内。 ____31____ Jack doesn’t want to ride a bike or take a bus to work. He can drive and he wants to buy a car. ____32____ Allen needs to find a job. He wants to be a good bus driver. He needs to learn to drive a bus first. ____33____ Ken is a high school student. He wants to ride a bike to school, but he needs to have a bike first. ____34____ Bob works in a store. He rents an old house near the store. There isn’t a chair in it, so he wants to buy one. ____35____ Tony works in a radio station. He likes to listen to music. He can sing well and now he wants to buy a guitar. A. Dayuan Training School can help people drive a bus. People can come here to learn how to drive a bus well. B. The Morning Store sells all kinds of vegetables and meat. It is 5 kilometres from the city centre. C. Mr Cool’s Shop is a big bike shop. People can go there to buy or rent a bike they need. D. The Centre Market is the right place for car lovers. There are a lot of good cars. People can buy a second- hand (二手的) car at a good price, too. E. Mrs Brown’s Store is in the centre of the city. Many music lovers go to the store because it has lots of good guitars and violins. F. Mr Green’s Store is a good place. People can buy many useful household items (用品) like beds, chairs and tables there. 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. C 34. F 35. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是根据五个人的需求匹配与其合适的场所。 【31题详解】 根据“Jack doesn’t want to ride a bike or take a bus to work. He can drive and he wants to buy a car.”可知，杰克想买一辆车，选项D“中央市场是汽车爱好者的好去处。有很多好车。人们也可以以很好的价格买到二手车。”与之匹配。故选D。 【32题详解】 根据“Allen needs to find a job. He wants to be a good bus driver. He needs to learn to drive a bus first.”可知，艾伦需要找份司机的工作，但是需要先学开车。选项A“大源培训学校可以帮助人们驾驶公共汽车。人们可以来这里学习如何驾驶公共汽车。”与之匹配。故选A。 【33题详解】 根据“Ken is a high school student. He wants to ride a bike to school, but he needs to have a bike first.”可知，肯想买一辆自行车，选项C“酷先生的店是一家大自行车店。人们可以去那里购买或租用他们需要的自行车。”与之匹配。故选C。 【34题详解】 根据“Bob works in a store. He rents an old house near the store. There isn’t a chair in it, so he wants to buy one.”可知，鲍勃想买一把椅子。选项F“格林先生的商店是个好地方。人们可以在那里买到许多有用的家居用品，比如床、椅子和桌子。”与之匹配。故选F。 【35题详解】 根据“Tony works in a radio station. He likes to listen to music. He can sing well and now he wants to buy a guitar.”可知，托尼想买一把吉他。选项E“布朗夫人的商店在市中心。许多音乐爱好者去商店，因为它有很多好的吉他和小提琴。”与之匹配。故选E。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） Ⅲ.语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Guyu is known as “Grain Rain”. It is the ____36____ (six) solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar. This year, it starts from April 19. It takes ____37____ (it) name from the Chinese saying “rain produces hundreds of grains (雨生百谷)”. The name ____38____ (show) the relationship between weather and farming during this period. As the last solar term in spring, this period sees warmer weather and ____39____ increase in rainy days. It creates a wonderful environment for plants and animals. For farmers, guyu marks ____40____ (good) time for planting. “Grain Rain is also a solar term that shows rich traditional Chinese ____41____ (culture) characteristics (特征),” Chinese culture expert Liu Xiaochang told Cover News. In Chinese mythology, before 2,500 BC, Cang Jie created a set of characters ____42____ better record-keeping. Following his invention, grains began ____43____ (rain) down from the sky. Though we do not know if Cang Jie really did create the characters, Grain Rain day ____44____ (become) a day to honour Cang Jie and the invention of the Chinese language. The United ____45____ (Nation) set April 20 as the yearly UN Chinese Language Day. It happens right with Grain Rain day, which typically falls between April 19 and 21. 【答案】36. sixth##6th 37. its 38. shows 39. an 40. the best 41. cultural 42. for 43. to rain 44. has become 45. Nations 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国的传统节气之一——谷雨。 【36题详解】 句意：它是中国传统历法中第六个节气。此处表示“第六个”，应用序数词sixth/6th“第六”。故填sixth/6th。 【37题详解】 句意：它得名于中国俗语“雨生百谷”。此处应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”修饰名词name。故填its。 【38题详解】 句意：这个名字表明了这一时期天气和农业之间的关系。此处陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语name是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式shows。故填shows。 【39题详解】 句意：作为春季的最后一个节气，这一时期天气变暖，雨天增多。此处泛指“一种增长”，且increase以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【40题详解】 句意：对于农民来说，谷雨标志着种植的好时机。此处表示最好的时机，用最高级“the best”。故填the best。 【41题详解】 句意：中国文化专家刘晓畅告诉封面新闻：“谷雨也是一个展示中国丰富传统文化特征的节气。”此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词characteristics，应用cultural“文化的”。故填cultural。 【42题详解】 句意：在中国神话中，公元前2500年之前，仓颉创造了一套文字以便更好地记录。此处用介词for“为了”，表示目的。故填for。 【43题详解】 句意：随着他的这项发明，粮食开始像下雨一样从天上落下。begin to do sth.“开始做某事”，固定搭配，此处应用to rain。故填to rain。 【44题详解】 句意：虽然我们不知道仓颉是否真的创造了文字，但谷雨日已经成为纪念仓颉和汉字发明的日子。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“be done”；主语是第三人称单数，助动词应用has，become的过去分词为become。故填has become。 【45题详解】 句意：联合国将4月20日定为每年的联合国中文日。the United Nations“联合国”，固定表达。故填Nations。 Ⅳ.书面表达（15分） 46. 假设你是八年级的学生李华，看到校英文网站向大家征集稿件，为下学期来校学习的澳大利亚交换生介绍多彩的校园生活。你想投稿，谈谈自己的了解和感受。 内容提示如下： 1.师生情况（班级数、文化氛围等等）； 2.学校活动（体育锻炼、俱乐部、讲座等）； 3.你的感受……（自由发挥，至少一点） 要求： 1.不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯； 4.标点正确，书面整洁。 Welcome to our school! Our school is ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Welcome to our school! Our school is really interesting and attractive. We have three grades and forty-eight classes with warm-hearted teachers and students. We also have exchange students, so it’s easy to learn about different cultures together. After our eight lessons each day, we play sports, and every Tuesday we can join clubs like the reading club or robot club. Our school also invites experts to give lectures monthly, which are really helpful. For example, last term’s lecture on improving memory helps us a lot. Our school life is rich and colorful, and I enjoy it very much. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：本文应使用“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，应注意不要遗漏题干中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题，介绍自己学校的文化氛围和班级情况； 第二步，描述学校的活动，包括体育锻炼、俱乐部类型和讲座等； 第三步，表达个人感受，并收尾。 [亮点词汇] ①play sports做运动 ②for example例如 [高分句型] ①We also have exchange students, so it’s easy to learn about different cultures together.（so连接并列句） ②Our school also invites experts to give lectures monthly, which are really helpful.（定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年八年级英语（上册）学科素养形成练习 期末（Unit 1— Unit 8） （满分：75分） 第一部分 选择题（50分） Ⅰ.完形填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分） Maya and her parents are going to the United States to visit Maya’s Aunt Vicky. “Hurry up, Maya!” says her father. “We need to get to the ____1____!” Maya has never been on an airplane before. She is ____2____. Will the plane fall out of the sky? Maya’s father finds her ____3____ under her bed. “What’s wrong? Are you scared?” he asks. Maya nods. “Planes are safe, darling. They are designed to fly!” “But ____4____?” whispers Maya “Four forces are at work, keeping planes in the air.” Maya’s father ____5____ four fingers. “The sky is full of air, which pushes the airplane backwards. We call this DRAG. The ____6____ of the plane and everything inside it pulls it downwards, towards the ground. That’s called GRAVITY (重力).” Maya crawls (爬行) out from under the bed. She sits beside her father on the bed. “A plane’s engine works really hard to push the plane ____7____. We call this THRUST. If the thrust is ____8____ than the drag, the plane flies ahead!” “Cool!” Maya smiles. “Finally, the wings of the plane are built so that the air on top of them moves faster than the air ____9____ them. The faster air is under less pressure, which lifts the plane up into the sky—it is called LIFT! I promise we’ll be safe in the airplane,” says Dad. “When you put it that way, I can’t wait to ____10____!” Maya jumps up and takes her suitcase. “Aunt Vicky, here we come!” 1. A. station B. airport C. harbor D. stop 2. A. tired B. bored C. surprised D. afraid 3 A. sleeping B. lying C. hiding D. sitting 4. A. how B. why C. where D. when 5. A. ties up B. holds up C. makes up D. breaks up 6 A. length B. size C. shape D. weight 7. A. downwards B. upwards C. backwards D. forwards 8. A. wider B. narrower C. stronger D. weaker 9. A. below B. beside C. behind D. beyond 10. A. see B. drive C. fly D. share Ⅱ.阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题1.5分） A Lili Time is a cafe in Shanghai, but it is a little bit different. Some customers do not go there to drink coffee. Instead, they want to enjoy the “special” service (服务). In 2013, when Zhang Lili was working in her first cafe, a customer gave her a note. It read, “I’m deaf but I really love coffee. Would you give me the chance to learn how to make it?” And then this customer became the first deaf barista (咖啡师) in that cafe. And there started Zhang’s story with the deaf community. Six years later, Zhang and her husband started Lili Time. Over the past few years, it has become a place filled with love. Some other cafes also have deaf baristas, but they use QR codes (二维码) to help with ordering. Lili Time does not. People need to order their coffee by talking to its baristas, even though they speak slowly and sometimes not clearly enough. But this is Zhang’s plan. She wants deaf people to talk to others and be more confident. She doesn’t sell coffee by delivery service (外卖服务), either. She wants there to be communication between her customers and her baristas. At the same time, Lili Time provides a space for people to teach others skills, such as taking photos, learning English, French, and so on—all for free. They come here every week. Now, Zhang is thinking about opening a new cafe for children in need. 11. When was Lili Time founded? A. In 2013. B. In 2016. C. In 2019. D. In 2022. 12. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Lili Time? A. Customers use the QR codes to order coffee in it. B. Only deaf people and children come here to drink coffee. C. People can learn English and take photos every weekend. D It is a special cafe not only for coffee. 13. What does Zhang hope to do? ①To make deaf people more confident. ②To sell more coffee. ③To sell coffee by delivery service. ④To make customers communicate with baristas. A. ①③ B. ②③ C. ①④ D. ②④ 14. Who does the underlined “they” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Baristas. B. Zhang’s friends. C. Foreigners. D. Customers. 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. Delivery service in Lili Time B. The first deaf barista C. Lili Zhang and the deaf people D. A cafe filled with love B The Earth is the energetic planet that we call home. It was formed over 4.5 billion years ago. The Earth might seem like a rock ball, but it’s actually made up of four different parts. The inner core (核心) is at the centre of the Earth. It’s a hard ball of hot metal, about 70 per cent the size of the Moon. The temperature of the inner core can be as high as 5,400℃ and it’s the hottest part of the Earth. The outer core circles (环绕) the inner core. Unlike the inner core, it is a liquid (液体的) layer, made mostly of iron. It’s almost as hot as the inner core. The mantle (地幔) is a thick layer. It circles the outer core and is about 2,900 kilometres thick, making it the Earth’s deepest part. The mantle is mostly made of rock, but it also includes some magma (岩浆). The magma melted (融化) under high heat and pressure. It finally comes out from volcanoes. We live on Earth’s crust (地壳), a layer of rock about 30 kilometres thick. That might seem thick, but it’s actually very thin, considering the size of Earth. There are two types of crusts: the mainland crust, which carries land, and the oceanic crust, which carries water. The thinnest parts of the crust are under the oceans, and the thickest parts are under the land. The Earth’s crust is divided into large plates. Scientists believe that these plates are moving all the time, which explains how the world looks. 16. What does the writer think of the Earth according to paragraph 1? A. Energetic and round. B. Old and energetic. C. Young and rocky. D. Round and young. 17. What is the thickest part of the Earth? A. The crust. B. The mantle. C. The inner core. D. The outer core. 18. Which of the following pictures may be the underlined word “volcanoes”? A. B. C. D. 19. Which is the right structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 20. Where can the readers find the passage? A. A sports newspaper. B. A travel guide. C. A news website. D. A geography magazine. C The horse-face skirt or mamianqun, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song dynasty. It actually has nothing to do with a horse’s face. “Ma Mian” in ancient China has another meaning. It refers to a special structure of ancient Chinese city wall system. But whether its name is really related to the city wall is still a question. During the Song dynasty, it was initially worn by high-class coursesans (歌舞伎) and was made of silk or cotton. Because of the style and its functionality, it soon spread among the upper-class ladies. In the early Ming dynasty, mamianqun was quite loose, and its style was simple, and it was characterized (是……的特征) by a high-waisted design and a skirt that looked like the face of a horse. Mamianqun in the Qing dynasty gradually developed into the everyday clothing of Han women, which was also used in wedding dresses in the late Qing dynasty. Mamianqun was still worn by Chinese women in the 1920s. After the May Fourth Movement, the difference between Chinese women’s skirts and Western women’s skirts became smaller, and the traditional elements gradually disappeared. Nowadays, this traditional beauty continues to be valued by Chinese people. The Chinese actress Yang Mi wore it in the 2024 Henan TV Spring Festival Gala. It immediately became a trendy clothing on social media. Many people searched the same skirt worn by the actress on e-shopping platforms. It is called the neo-Chinese style which naturally puts together modernity and tradition. 21. What was the earliest mamianqun made of? A. Cotton and buttons. B. Plastic and buttons. C. Silk and plastic. D. Silk and cotton. 22. Which of the following statements about mamianqun is TRUE? A. It first appeared in the Ming dynasty. B. Only poor people wore it at the beginning. C. A Chinese actress wore it in the 2024 Hunan TV Spring Festival Gala. D. It is being loved again although it disappeared for a long time. 23. What does the writer try to tell us in this passage? A. The reason why we call it horse-face skirt. B. The characteristic of the horse-face skirt. C. The development of the horse-face skirt. D. The different types of the horse-face skirt. 24. In which dynasty did mamianqun develop into the everyday clothing of Han women? A. The Tang dynasty. B. The Ming dynasty. C. The Qing dynasty. D. The Han dynasty. 25. In what order is this passage written? A. Opinions. B. Time. C. Space. D. Persons. 第二节 以下是一则短文，请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Many people like to travel during their vacations. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the tourists can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. ____26____ If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see. ____27____ Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages. ____28____ They want to do some different things or do things they could not usually do at home, such as skiing. bungee jumping (蹦极跳) and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. ____29____ It’s a good way to relax themselves. ____30____ Some people take trains, boats or buses; some fly, and others rent (租) cars and drive themselves. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others prefer quick tours, visiting more places in a short time. How do you like to spend your vacation? A. Some people travel for a feeling of adventure (冒险). B. They look for new things they can’t find at home or cheap ones. C. There are different ways to travel. D. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it is much cheaper. E. People travel for many reasons. F. Other people prefer to travel alone or with friends. 第三节 信息匹配 下面的材料A—F分别是一些活动场所的介绍，请根据Jack，Allen，Ken，Bob，Tony的情况，选择能满足他们需求的场所，并将其标号填入括号内。 ____31____ Jack doesn’t want to ride a bike or take a bus to work. He can drive and he wants to buy a car. ____32____ Allen needs to find a job He wants to be a good bus driver. He needs to learn to drive a bus first. ____33____ Ken is a high school student. He wants to ride a bike to school, but he needs to have a bike first. ____34____ Bob works in a store. He rents an old house near the store. There isn’t a chair in it, so he wants to buy one. ____35____ Tony works in a radio station. He likes to listen to music. He can sing well and now he wants to buy a guitar. A. Dayuan Training School can help people drive a bus. People can come here to learn how to drive a bus well. B. The Morning Store sells all kinds of vegetables and meat. It is 5 kilometres from the city centre. C. Mr Cool’s Shop is a big bike shop. People can go there to buy or rent a bike they need. D. The Centre Market is the right place for car lovers. There are a lot of good cars. People can buy a second- hand (二手的) car at a good price, too. E. Mrs Brown’s Store is in the centre of the city. Many music lovers go to the store because it has lots of good guitars and violins. F. Mr Green’s Store is a good place. People can buy many useful household items (用品) like beds, chairs and tables there. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） Ⅲ.语法填空（10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Guyu is known as “Grain Rain”. It is the ____36____ (six) solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar. This year, it starts from April 19. It takes ____37____ (it) name from the Chinese saying “rain produces hundreds of grains (雨生百谷)”. The name ____38____ (show) the relationship between weather and farming during this period. As the last solar term in spring, this period sees warmer weather and ____39____ increase in rainy days. It creates a wonderful environment for plants and animals. For farmers, guyu marks ____40____ (good) time for planting. “Grain Rain is also a solar term that shows rich traditional Chinese ____41____ (culture) characteristics (特征),” Chinese culture expert Liu Xiaochang told Cover News. In Chinese mythology, before 2,500 BC, Cang Jie created a set of characters ____42____ better record-keeping. Following his invention, grains began ____43____ (rain) down from the sky. Though we do not know if Cang Jie really did create the characters, Grain Rain day ____44____ (become) a day to honour Cang Jie and the invention of the Chinese language. The United ____45____ (Nation) set April 20 as the yearly UN Chinese Language Day. It happens right with Grain Rain day, which typically falls between April 19 and 21. Ⅳ.书面表达（15分） 46. 假设你是八年级的学生李华，看到校英文网站向大家征集稿件，为下学期来校学习的澳大利亚交换生介绍多彩的校园生活。你想投稿，谈谈自己的了解和感受。 内容提示如下： 1.师生情况（班级数、文化氛围等等）； 2.学校活动（体育锻炼、俱乐部、讲座等）； 3.你的感受……（自由发挥，至少一点） 要求： 1.不少于80词，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯； 4.标点正确，书面整洁。 Welcome to our school! Our school is ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$