精品解析：四川省宜宾市第四中学校2022-2023学年高二上学期12月期末英语试题

宜宾市四中2022-2023学年高二上期期末模拟考试 英语试题 注意事项： 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where does the conversation take place probably? A．In a taxi. B．In a post office. C．On a bus. 2．What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Boss and secretary. C．Doctor and patient. 3．How much will the woman pay for the two books? A．$2.5. B．$3.4. C．$5.9. 4．Why does the man want to travel to India? A．To visit a forest. B．To see some plants. C．To see people picking tea leaves. 5．What does the man like to write? A．Poems. B．Romance novels. C．Diaries. 第二节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。 6．Why is it an important day for the man? A．He will attend a wedding. B．He will sign an agreement. C．He will go for a business trip. 7．What color is the tie the man will wear? A．Red. B．Brown. C．Black. 听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。 8．How does the boy think of reviewing lessons? A．Boring. B．Relaxing. C．Important. 9．What should the boy do every night, according to the woman? A．Get some exercise. B．Use the computer. C．Study for at least two hours. 听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。 10．What does the man expect for the year? A．It’ll be fun. B．It’ll be difficult. C．It’ll be easy. 11．What does the man plan to do? A．Major in English B．Volunteer at the zoo. C．Attend medical school. 12．How often will the woman be volunteering? A．Every day. B．Every weekend. C．Three days a week. 听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。 13．What is the man doing? A．Checking into a hotel. B．Making a hotel reservation. C．Trying to find a place for smoking. 14．How much will the man pay for his stay?. A．3 300. B．$ 1, 200. C．$1,500. 15．What can be known about the man? A．He doesn’t smoke. B．He isn’t satisfied with the reservation. C．He cares about the higher room prices. 16．What’s the woman? A．A shopper. B．A guide. C．A receptionist. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17．When did the storm start? A．This morning. B．This afternoon. C．Last night. 18．Who has been rescued by boat? A．People living in low areas. B．People living near the hills. C．People living near the ocean. 19．How many people are without power? A．Thousands. B．Hundreds. C．Several. 20．What does the Weather Service suggest people do? A．Not leave their homes. B．Turn off their electricity. C．Drive carefully through water. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Chicago Children’s Museum This museum offers plenty of fun activities for kids. However, this is one of the few Chicago museums not “fun for the whole family” as adults and older kids will be bored to tears. Address: 700 East Grand Ave. (Navy Pier), Chicago Phone: 312-527-1000 Public transportation: CTA bus lines #29 (State Street), #65 (Grand Avenue), and the #66 (Chicago Avenue) all serve Navy Pier. Parking rates: *Monday through Thursday: $20 *Friday through Sunday: $24 *Holidays: $24 Hours: *Monday through Friday: 10 am—5 pm *Saturday and Sunday: 10 am—8 pm Entrance fees: *Adults: $12 *Children: $12 * Seniors (65+): $11 *Children (under 5): free Activities: Located on one of Chicago’s top tourist attractions, Navy Pier, the museum offers three floors of activities for kids, including: *Play It Safe—all about home safety *Inventing Lab—provides parts and instructions for creating things *Kids Town—a playroom recreating a Chicago neighborhood where kids can pretend to do things like shopping for groceries and driving a CTA bus *Climbing Schooner—a three-floor climbing building *My Museum—kids get to create various art projects that are “all about me” *Skyline—learn about skyscrapers(摩天大楼)and design your own *Treehouse Trails—a play area designed like a forest *Waterways—water activities showing how pumps and dams work 1. Why is the museum mainly designed for young kids? A. Because the government orders it to do so. B. Because adults have many other things to do. C. Because others are likely to be tired of these activities. D. Because it is easy for the museum to make money from kids. 2. How much will parents with a kid (6) and grandfather (69) pay if they drive to the museum on Saturday? A. $36. B. $47. C. $59. D. $71. 3. Children who are fond of artworks should take part in A. Waterways B. My Museum C. Play it safe D. Inventing Lab 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了芝加哥儿童博物馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This museum offers plenty of fun activities for kids. However, this is one of the few Chicago museums not “fun for the whole family” as adults and older kids will be bored to tears.(这个博物馆为孩子们提供了许多有趣的活动。然而，这是芝加哥为数不多的不是“全家人都可以玩”的博物馆之一，因为大人和大一点的孩子会无聊到哭。)”可知，博物馆主要是为小孩子设计的，因为其他人可能会厌倦这些活动。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Parking rates介绍“Friday through Sunday: $24(周五至周日：24美元)”以及Entrance fees的介绍“Adults: $12(成人：12美元)Children: $12(孩子们：12美元)Seniors (65+): $11(老年人(65岁以上)：11美元)”可知，如果开车去的费用为：12+12+12+24+11=71$。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Activities下的介绍“My Museum—kids get to create various art projects that are “all about me”(在My Museum中孩子们可以创造各种各样的“关于我的”艺术项目)”可知，喜欢艺术作品的孩子应该参加My Museum。故选B。 B When he first rose to stardom in the NBA, Yao Ming could not possibly have known the influence he would have on the American understanding of China. In the eyes of many Americans, Chinese are short, bookish, and not especially athletic. Yao, 26, has turned that image on its head. A giant at 2. 26 metres, he has been the most talked-about player in the league since he topped the NBA draft (选秀) in 2002. When Yao first joined the Rockets and struggled with an American style of basketball, many were quick to label (把……称为) Yao “a failure”. But Yao played on. He did not let the criticism affect his performance. Even when former NBA star Charles Barkley bet that Yao could not score more than 19 points in a single game, Yao kept his self-respect. The same cannot be said for Barkley, who was forced to kiss a real donkey’s ass when Yao passed the 19-point mark early in his first season. For Americans, Yao’s polite and friendly personality is liked by them compared with the rude behaviors of the NBA’s bad boys. Compared with most other NBA players, Yao Ming is a true gentleman. He respects all of his opponents, even those who are not friendly to him. “He is so wise and humorous that he seems like a diplomat (外交家) rather than a basketball player sometimes,” said Ron Burke, an NBA TV reporter. In addition, Yao’s witty answers have changed the opinion that Chinese people are boring. When asked what were his favourite English words, Yao told the press that the five words were “This is the last question.” Yao is winning supporters within the league as well. After a Rockets-Lakers game that Shaquille O’Neal had to sit out with an injury, O’Neal said, “You played pretty good, Yao Ming.” Yao replied, “That’s because you weren’t there.” 4. What did many people think when Yao Ming first joined the Rockets? A. He is friendly. B. He is thankful. C. He is a failure. D. He is a success. 5. Yao Ming was liked by Americans mainly because he ________. A. proved that he was athletic B. showed his politeness and friendliness C. passed the 19-point mark early D. beat former NBA star Charles Barkley 6. By sharing the story between Yao Ming and O’Neal in the last paragraph, the writer shows us ________. A. Yao Ming wasn’t supported within the league B. Yao Ming was boring and proud C. Yao Ming didn’t have witty answers D. Yao Ming was respectful and smart 7 What’s the main idea of the text? A. The impact of Yao Ming on Americans’ attitudes towards Chinese. B. The brilliant shooting skills Yao Ming showed in the NBA. C. Yao Ming’s competition with other NBA players. D. Yao Ming’s success in an intense basketball match. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是姚明进入NBA的心路历程，从不被看好，到赢得美国球员的尊重，姚明最终改变了美国人对中国人的看法。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When Yao first joined the Rockets and struggled with an American style of basketball, many were quick to label（把……称为）Yao “a failure”.( 当姚明第一次加入火箭队并与美式篮球风格作斗争时，许多人很快就给他贴上了“失败者”的标签。)”可知，在姚明加入到火箭队之后，很快他就被人们贴上了“失败者”的标签。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“For Americans, Yao’s polite and friendly personality is a welcome contrast to the rude behaviour of the NBA’s bad boys.( 对于美国人来说，姚明礼貌友好的个性与NBA坏小子的粗鲁行为形成了鲜明的对比。)”可知，美国人喜欢姚明的礼貌和友好，即姚明因礼貌和友好而给美国人留下了好印象。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In addition, Yao’s witty answers have changed the opinion that Chinese people are boring.( 此外，姚明机智的回答也改变了美国人认为中国人很无聊的看法。)”及“Yao is winning supporters within the league as well. After a Rockets-Lakers game that Shaquille O’Neal had to sit out with an injury, O’Neal said, “You played pretty good, Yao Ming.” Yao replied, “That’s because you weren’t there.”(姚明在联盟中也赢得了不少支持者。在一场火箭队与湖人队的比赛后，奥尼尔因伤缺席比赛，奥尼尔说：“姚明，你打得很好。”姚明说：“那是因为你不在那里。”)”可知姚明对别人很友好，也很聪明（情商高）。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了姚明进入NBA的心路历程，从不被看好，到赢得美国球员的尊重，最终改变了美国人对中国人的看法。结合选项可知选项，“The impact of Yao Ming on Americans’ attitudes towards Chinese. (姚明对美国人对待中国人的态度的影响)”概括较为全面准确。故选A。 C A 14-year-old scientist took home $25, 000 from a national science competition for inventing a liquid bandage that could replace antibiotics (抗生素). Kara Fan from San Diego, CA won the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in St. Paul, Minnesota. Fan came up with a special liquid bandage that could replace the overuse of antibiotics. “I want to show my invention of the liquid bandage to more people. I think it is important for more people to be aware of the serious crisis and do something about it,” Fan said. The 3M Young Scientist Challenge is a national competition for middle school students, which takes place every year. The students are tasked with coming up with an idea or invention that solves existing problems. Ten finalists are chosen to compete for the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and a grand prize of $25, 000. After being selected, they work with scientists to make their idea come to life. Each competitor is judged on their invention’s creativity, scientific knowledge, persuasiveness (说服力) and communication, and overall presentation. Apart from Kara Fan, other finalists included Jay a Choudray, who invented an airflow control robot that helps to save energy in a home, and Caroline Crouchley, who invented a climate-friendly transportation system that doesn’t need a diesel engine or electric motors. 3M holds the competition for students in grades 5-8 because its research has shown that their interest in science fades, which is terrible for a country. And they want to inspire the young to develop love in science . 8. Why did Fan make the invention of liquid bandage? A. To gain a great prize of money. B. To prevent people from using antibiotics. C. To apply a scientific research on antibiotics. D. To raise people’s awareness on danger of overuse antibiotics. 9. What do we know about The 3M Young Scientist Challenge? A. It is held every other year. B. It helps to solve existing problems. C. It offers help to middle school students . D. It is a nationwide competition intended for young people. 10. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. The competitors working with scientists will be selected. B. The competitors are judged by their contributions to science. C. Ten finalists are given the title of “America's Top Young Scientist 11”. D. Caroline Crouchley designed an environmentally-friendly driving system. 11. What kind of this passage could be? A. A news report. B. An instruction. C. A guidance. D. A meeting record. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名14岁科学家因为发明了一种可以替代抗生素的液体绷带，从一场全国科学竞赛中拿回了25000美元，并简单介绍了3M青年科学家挑战赛。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Fan came up with a special liquid bandage that could replace the overuse of antibiotics.”（范发明了一种特殊的液体绷带，可以代替抗生素的过度使用。）和“I think it is important for more people to be aware of the serious crisis and do something about it”（我认为让更多的人意识到这一严重的危机并采取行动是很重要的）可知，范发明了液体绷带来提高人们对过度使用抗生素的危险的意识。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The 3M Young Scientist Challenge is a national competition for middle school students, which takes place every year. The students are tasked with coming up with an idea or invention that solves existing problems.”（3M青年科学家挑战赛是一项全国性的中学生竞赛，每年举行一次。学生们的任务是想出一个解决现有问题的想法或发明。）可知，这是一项面向年轻人的全国性比赛。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Caroline Crouchley, who invented a climate-friendly transportation system that doesn’t need a diesel engine or electric motors.”（卡洛琳·克劳奇利，她发明了一种不需要柴油发动机或电动机的气候友好型交通系统。）可知，Caroline Crouchley设计了一个环保的驾驶系统。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了一名14岁的科学家因为发明了一种可以替代抗生素的液体绷带，从一场全国科学竞赛中拿回了25000美元，并简单介绍了3M青年科学家挑战赛。由此可知，这是一篇新闻报道。故选A。 D Masks that helped save lives are proving a deadly danger to wildlife, with birds and sea creatures trapped in the shocking number of thrown-away facial coverings. Single-use masks have been found around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide. Worn once, the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to decompose. “Face masks aren’t going away any time soon — but when we throw them away, these items can harm the environment and the animals,” Ashley Fruno of animal rights group PETA said. In Britain, a gull was rescued by the RSPCA after its legs became tangled in the straps of a mask for up to a week. The animal welfare charity took it to a wildlife hospital for treatment before its release. The biggest effect may be in the water. More than 1.5 billion masks made their way into the world’s oceans last year, accounting for around 6,200 extra tonnes of ocean plastic pollution, according to environmental group Oceans Asia. Conservationists in Brazil found one mask inside the stomach of a penguin after its body was washed up on a beach, while a dead puffer fish was discovered caught inside another off the coast of Miami. French campaigners found a dead crab trapped in a mask near the Mediterranean. Masks and gloves are “particularly problematic” for sea creatures, says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO Ocean Conservancy. “When those plastics break down in the environment, they then enter the food chain and impact the entire ecosystems,” he added. There has been a shift towards greater use of reusable cloth masks as the pandemic has worn on, but many are still using the lighter single-use varieties. Campaigners have urged people to bin them properly and cut the straps to reduce the risk of animals becoming trapped. Oceans Asia has also called on governments to increase fines for littering and encourage the use of washable masks. 12. What does the underlined word “decompose” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Burn away. B. Produce. C. Break down. D. Improve. 13. What can we learn from George Leonard’s words? A. The environmental group saves many animals. B. Sea wildlife is fond of feeding on face masks. C. Measures should be taken to protect sea wildlife. D. Masks thrown around finally do harm to human. 14. How might the mask problems be solved? A. By increasing fines for throwing masks. B. By preventing the public using single-use masks. C. By working with campaigners’ groups. D. By washing face masks frequently. 15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Wildlife Faces a Threat from Face Masks B. Face Masks can Harm the Environment C. Animal Protection Organizations Matter D. Government should Ban Littering Face Masks 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了曾经帮助拯救生命的口罩，现在被证明对野生动物是致命的危险，鸟类和海洋生物被困在数量惊人的丢弃的面部覆盖物中。列举了一些口罩对野生动物造成威胁的例子和对此问题的解决措施。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to”以及后文“Face masks aren’t going away any time soon”可知，口罩短期内不会消失，说明这种薄薄的保护材料可能需要几百年才能分解。故划线词意思是“分解”。A. Burn away.烧掉；B. Produce.产生；C. Break down.分解；D. Improve.改善。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Masks and gloves are “particularly problematic” for sea creatures, says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO Ocean Conservancy. “When those plastics break down in the environment, they then enter the food chain and impact the entire ecosystems,” he added.(非政府组织海洋保护协会的首席科学家George Leonard说，口罩和手套对海洋生物来说“尤其成问题”。他补充说：“当这些塑料在环境中分解时，它们就会进入食物链，并影响整个生态系统。”)”可知，到处乱扔的口罩最终对人体有害。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oceans Asia has also called on governments to increase fines for littering and encourage the use of washable masks.(海洋亚洲组织还呼吁各国政府提高对乱丢垃圾的罚款，并鼓励人们使用可清洗的口罩)”可知，增加对扔口罩的罚款可以解决口罩问题。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Masks that helped save lives are proving a deadly danger to wildlife, with birds and sea creatures trapped in the shocking number of thrown-away facial coverings.(曾帮助拯救生命的口罩对野生动物构成了致命威胁，大量丢弃的口罩困住了鸟类和海洋生物)”结合文章主要说明了曾经帮助拯救生命的口罩，现在被证明对野生动物是致命的危险，鸟类和海洋生物被困在数量惊人的丢弃的面部覆盖物中。列举了一些口罩对野生动物造成威胁的例子和对此问题的解决措施。可知，A选项“野生动物面临口罩的威胁”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Open Hand — a Universal Sign When meeting people at the airport, ____16____We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy, but what if we don’t know who the new person is?____17____What if we are meeting a stranger in an unfamiliar place? Sometimes people are dangerous and humans have to find ways to protect themselves. We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know,_____18_____Showing our hands means that we are not armed (武装). In many cultures today, the Western custom of shaking hands is used. We use our right hand, which is usually stronger than the left one. If we are using our hand this way, it cannot be holding a knife or a gun. It shows that we trust the other person,____19____ Not all cultures use the handshake,____20____Japanese people might cover one hand with the other and, depending on whom they are greeting, bow slightly or quite low. In India, Hindu people join their hands in front of their faces and bow their heads. A Muslim will touch his heart, mouth and forehead (前额) to show respect. Even young people in the West now give each other the “high five”, when they slap (拍) each other’s hands high in the air. They are all keeping their hands busy. In almost all cultures, to smile and show an open right hand means, “Welcome, you are safe with me.” A. What if I want to show that I am bored? B. most people smile and shake hands with people they meet. C. and that the other person can trust us. D. What if we are not introduced by a friend? E. and people in many Asian cultures do not always touch another person. F. and we have to show that we are not dangerous. G. nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言在交流中的运用和作用，尤其是手势语在不同场合如何正确使用。 【16题详解】 根据下文“We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy, but what if we don’t know who the new person is?”可知，我们知道微笑通常是人们感到友好和快乐的标志，但如果我们不知道谁是新的人呢？由此可知，大多数人与他们遇到的人微笑和握手，这种情景也是我们最常见的。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy, but what if we don’t know who the new person is?”可知，我们知道微笑通常是人们感到友好和快乐的标志，但如果我们不知道谁是新的人呢？结合下文“What if we are meeting a stranger in an unfamiliar place?”可知，假如在不熟悉的地方遇到了陌生人会怎样？由此可知，此处应为“假如我们不被朋友介绍会怎样？”故选D。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Showing our hands means that we are not armed”可知，亮出我们的手意味着我们没有武装。由此可知，此处应为“我们必须证明我们并不危险”。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“If we are using our hand this way, it cannot be holding a knife or a gun. It shows that we trust the other person”可知，如果我们这样使用我们的手，它不可能拿着刀或枪．这表明我们信任对方。由此可知，此处应为“对方也能信任我们”。故选C。 【20题详解】 本段主要讲并不是所有的国家都使用握手，下面列举了日本人、印度人及穆斯林打招呼的方式，这些都属于亚洲国家。由此可知，此处“在许多亚洲文化中，人们并不总是互相接触”能够引领下文。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During my lifetime, I’ve learnt something important: it’s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone. About seven years ago, I started learning how to paint as a___21___. I was pretty terrible. Everything looked___22___, and my colors were totally off. My friends and colleagues suggested that I stop___23___my time on something I wasn’t good at. “___24___on your day job,” they said. I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right___25___who could guide me. I am now_____26_____“good”. Today, the same friends say I was born with this___27___. The same thing___28___when I started piano and singing lessons a couple of years ago. Comments shifted from, “Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,” to “You’ve got a musical gene (基因).” These___29___originate from long-held beliefs that growth is usually not possible for adults. Even when there is evidence of learning, it can be_____30_____to inborn talent. Most scientific studies on adulthood focus on cognitive decline (认知下降), rather than_____31_____, suggesting that even scientists may think that development is limited in adulthood. A few recent studies suggest that_____32_____new skills, such as photography, for even three months may strengthen the functioning of the brain in adults. I would take these studies one step further to argue that a(n)_____33_____cause of cognitive decline is the fact that adults learn fewer new skills_____34_____to children. If we can_____35_____how to learn well as adults, then perhaps we can_____36_____cognitive decline. Adults are often_____37_____ to go outside of their comfort zones. We fear looking_____38_____for making mistakes; we fear failure could cost us our jobs. Perhaps a reason why we suffer from cognitive decline is that we do not engage in learning new skills for many years. To better communicate with my German friends, I am starting to learn German. I’m_____39_____at the “listening and babbling (咿呀学语)” phase. Sure, some may laugh at an adult babbling, but I hope one day I can_____40_____German fluently, and inspire many other adults to learn like a baby. 21. A. hobby B. dream C. job D. measure 22. A. perfect B. bright C. dull D. enjoyable 23. A. taking B. wasting C. putting D. getting 24. A. Count B. Depend C. Focus D. Congratulate 25. A. friends B. teachers C. colleagues D. partners 26. A. concluded B. realized C. considered D. described 27. A. character B. spirit C. talent D. power 28. A. happened B. found C. mentioned D. showed 29. A. suggestions B. achievements C. results D. comments 30. A. reported B. owed C. forced D. addicted 31. A. failure B. change C. adaptation D. growth 32. A. catching B. arranging C. learning D. holding 33. A. important B. strange C. insignificant D. useful 34. A. prepared B. compared C. intended D. provided 35. A. break out B. give out C. bring out D. figure out 36. A. interrupt B. prevent C. master D. influence 37. A. unreasonable B. uncertain C. unwilling D. undoubted 38. A. stupid B. upset C. crazy D. ugly 39. A. clearly B. presently C. continually D. occasionally 40. A. write B. read C. listen D. speak 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己的经历说明：成年人的认知能力并非下降，是因为我们往往不愿意走出自己的舒适区，去学习新的知识与技能。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约七年前，我开始把学习画画作为一种爱好。A. hobby爱好；B. dream梦想；C. job工作；D. measure措施。根据“I started learning how to paint”可知，作者学习画画是作为一种爱好。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的东西看起来都很沉闷，我的颜色也完全变色了。A. perfect完美的；B. bright明亮的；C. dull无聊的；D. enjoyable令人愉快的。根据“I was pretty terrible.”可知，作者表现得很差，因此觉得所有的东西看起来都很无聊。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友和同事建议我不要在我不擅长的事情上浪费时间。A. taking拿走；B. wasting浪费；C. putting放置；D. getting得到。根据“Stop wasting your time”可知，此处是信息此“wasting”的词汇复现。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“专注于你的日常工作，”他们说。A. Count on指望，预料到；B. Depend on依靠；C. Focus on关注，专注于；D. Congratulate on祝贺。根据下文的“focus on what you know”可知，此处是信息词“focus on”的词汇复现。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坚持不懈——练习、上课、找到能指导我的合适的老师。A. friends朋友；B. teachers老师；C. colleagues同事；D. partners伙伴。根据“who could guide me”可知，为了学好画画，作者找了合适的老师指导自己。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在被认为是“擅长画画的”。A. concluded得出结论，终止；B. realized意识到；C. considered考虑；D. described描述。根据上文内容“I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right___5___who could guide me.”可知，作者经过坚持不懈的练习，上课和老师的指导后，被认为擅长画画。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，同样的朋友们说我生来就有这种天赋。A. character特征，性格；B. spirit精神；C. talent天赋，才能；D. power权力，力量。根据下文“it can be___10___to inborn talent.”可知，此处是信息词“talent”的词汇复现。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前我开始学钢琴和唱歌时也发生了同样的事情。A. happened发生；B. found找到，发现；C. mentioned提到；D. showed展示。根据“Comments shifted from, “Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,” to “You’ve got a musical gene(基因).””可知，在作者学习钢琴和唱歌时发生了和学画画时一样的事情。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些评论源于人们长期以来的信念，即成人通常不可能成长。A. suggestions建议；B. achievements成就；C. results结果；D. comments评论。根据上文“Comments shifted from”可知，此处是信息词“comments”的词汇复现。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使有学习的证据，也可以归功于与生俱来的天赋。A. reported报告，报道；B. owed归功于，欠；C. forced强迫；D. addicted使上瘾，使沉溺。owe…to…为固定短语，意为“把……归功于”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数关于成年期的科学研究关注的是认知衰退，而不是增长，这表明即使是科学家也可能认为成年期的发展是有限的。A. failure失败；B. change改变；C. adaptation适应；D. growth生长，增长。上文提到“cognitive decline”，rather than前后为转折关系，空处应该表示“增长”。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近的一些研究表明，学习一些新技能，比如摄影，即使三个月也可以增强成年人的大脑功能。A. catching抓住；B. arranging安排；C. learning学习；D. holding握住，持有。根据上文“it’s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone.”可知，此处对应的是信息词“learn”，表示学习新的技能。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想进一步讨论这些研究，认为认知能力下降的一个重要原因是成年人学习的新技能比儿童少。A. important重要的；B. strange奇怪的；C. insignificant无关重要的，微不足道的；D. useful有用的。根据“the fact that adults learn fewer new skills”可知，此处表示成年人学习更少的新技能是认知能力下降的一个重要原因。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想进一步讨论这些研究，认为认知能力下降的一个重要原因是成年人学习的新技能比儿童少。A. prepared准备；B. compared比较；C. intended打算；D. provided提供。根据“learn fewer new skills”可知，此处把成年人和儿童进行比较。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们能弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习，那么也许我们就能防止认知能力的下降。 A. break out爆发；B. give out分发；C. bring out出版；D. figure out算出，弄清楚。根据“how to learn well as adults”可知，此处表示想要阻止认知能力下降，就要弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习。故选D。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习，那么也许我们就能防止认知能力的下降。A. interrupt打断；B. prevent阻止；C. master掌握，精通；D. influence影响。根据“If we can___15___how to learn well as adults”可知，作者认为如果我们能弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习，那么也许我们就能防止认知能力的下降。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成年人往往不愿意走出自己的舒适区。A. unreasonable不合理的，不公正的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. undoubted毫无疑问的。根据下文“We fear looking___18___for making mistakes”可知，因为害怕犯错，成年人不愿意走出自己的舒适区。故选C。 【38题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们害怕因为犯错而显得愚蠢；我们害怕失败会让我们失去工作。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. upset沮丧，难过；C. crazy疯狂的；D. ugly丑的。根据“for making mistakes”可知，成年人害怕因为犯错误看起来显得很愚蠢。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我现在正处于“倾听和咿呀学语”阶段。A. clearly清楚地；B. presently现在，此刻；C. continually连续地，不断地；D. occasionally偶尔，有时候。根据“I am starting to learn German”可知，作者刚开始学习德语，因此现在处于“倾听和咿呀学语”阶段。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有些人可能会嘲笑成年人的咿呀学语，但我希望有一天我能说一口流利的德语，并激励其他许多成年人像婴儿一样学习德语。A. write写；B. read阅读；C. listen听；D. speak说话。根据上文“To better communicate with my German friends”可知，作者学习德语的最终目标是为了能够流利地说出德语，与人交流。故选D。 第二节(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Summer vacation, although a welcome relief for students, is a worrying time for parents because they are afraid their children could become ____41____ (addict) to video games during the July-August holiday. The ____42____ (extreme) long time that students spend on video games is ____43____ danger to not only their health but also their quality of life. In recent years,video games____44____(become) one of the most popular forms of____45____ (entertain) for children worldwide. They have also become a serious form of addiction for many children. In fact,the World Health Organization recently classified video game addiction ____46____ a mental health disorder. Addiction to video games can have serious health effects on children. They can lead to visual problems, poor eating and ____47____ (sleep) habits, social isolation (孤立), and anger and aggressive behavior when asked to stop playing, ____48____ can be dangerous to others. Children may also have difficulty making ____49____ (friend). It is the parents’ responsibility _____50_____ (limit) their children's access to video games and computers, because it is the children's health and quality of life that are affected. 【答案】41. addicted 42. extremely 43. a 44. have become 45. entertainment 46. as 47. sleeping 48. which 49. friends 50. to limit 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生们假期里玩电子游戏，饮食不良，生活习惯比较差， 父母的责任是限制孩子使用电子游戏和电脑，因为正是儿童的健康和生活质量受到影响。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：虽然暑假对学生来说是一种可喜的解脱，但对家长来说却是一段令人担忧的时光，因为他们担心自己的孩子会在七、八月假期沉迷于电子游戏。become addicted to do是固定短语“对……变得上瘾”。故填addicted。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：学生花在电子游戏上的超长时间不仅对他们的健康有害，而且对他们的生活质量也有害。此处是用副词修饰形容词long。故填extremely。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：学生花在电子游戏上的超长时间不仅对他们的健康有害，而且对他们的生活质量也有害。名词danger为可数名词，泛指，且danger是以辅音音素开头的词，所以用不定冠词a。 故填a。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，电子游戏已成为世界各地儿童最受欢迎的娱乐形式之一。根据时间状语in recent years“在近几年里”应该用现在完成时。故填have become。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：近年来，电子游戏已成为世界各地儿童最受欢迎的娱乐形式之一。介词of后用名词，entertainment是名词“娱乐”。故填entertainment。 【46题详解】 考查介词。句意：事实上，世界卫生组织最近将电子游戏成瘾列为一种心理健康障碍。categorize as 是固定短语“归类为”。故填as。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它们会导致视觉问题，不良的饮食和睡眠习惯，社交孤立，当被要求停止游戏时，会产生愤怒和攻击性行为，这对其他人来说可能是危险的。sleeping是形容词“睡眠的”，所以此处作定语修饰名词habits。故填sleeping。 【48题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它们会导致视觉问题，不良的饮食和睡眠习惯，社交孤立，当被要求停止游戏时，会产生愤怒和攻击性行为，这对其他人来说可能是危险的。本句是非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。 【49题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：孩子们也可能有交朋友的困难。make friends是固定短语“交朋友”。故填friends。 【50题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：限制孩子接触电子游戏和电脑是父母的责任，因为这会影响孩子的健康和生活质量。本句中it是形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to limit。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Many people may have heard a plant that we call it tortoise-shell bamboo native to China. This bamboo can grow so tall as 28 metres. This particular species are the most commonly used material in China’s bamboo industry. Before it is planted, no obviously growth occurs for up to five years—even under ideal conditions! Then, to people’s surprise, a plant suddenly begins to grow at the rate of nearly 70 centimetres per day, reached its full height within six weeks. Besides, it’s not magic. The bamboo’s rapid growth resulted from the miles of roots develops during those first five years. 【答案】1.heard 后面加of/about 2call it 去掉it 3.so→as 4.are→is 5.Before→After 6.obviously→obvious 7.a→the 8.reached→reaching 9.Besides→However 10.resulted→results 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国土生土长的植物龟甲竹。 【详解】1.考查介词。句意：许多人可能听说过一种我们称之为中国土生土长的龟甲竹的植物。短语hear of/about“听说”，故在heard 后面加of/about。 2.考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，此处使用了that引导的定语从句，先行词为plant，从句中的it指代的也是plant，重复指代，故去掉it。 3.考查短语。句意：这种竹子能长到28米高。短语as…as“像…一样…”，故把so改为as。 4.考查主谓一致。句意：这种特殊的品种是中国竹业最常用的材料。分析句子结构可知this particular species是第三人称单数单数，谓语动词要使用相应的第三人称单数，故are改为is。 5.考查连词。句意：在种植之后，即使在理想条件下，在长达五年的时间内也不会出现明显的生长！结合句意可知，这里想要表达的是在种植后，竹子没有明显的生长，要使用after来引导时间状语从句，位于句首注意首字母大写，故Before改为After。 6.考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知此处要使用形容词作定语修饰名词growth，故obviously改为obvious。 7.考查冠词。句意：然后，令人们惊讶的是，这种植物突然开始以每天近70厘米的速度生长，在六周内达到了它的最高点。plant上文中已经提及过，此处要使用定冠词表特指，故a改为the。 8.考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，句中已含有谓语动词且没有连接词，此处使用非谓语动词，而the plant与reach之间为主动关系，故reached改为reaching。 9.考查副词。句意：然而，这不是魔法。上下文结合句意可知，此处想要表达的是转折关系，要使用however，位于句首注意首字母大写，故Besides改为However。 10.考查时态。句意：在最初的五年里，竹子的快速生长是由绵延数英里的根形成的。结合上文可知，此处陈述客观事实，要使用一般现在时，主语growth为第三人称单数，位于动词要使用相应的第三人称单数，故resulted改为results。 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 52. 假定你是李华，你校将举办一个以“爱”为主题的讲座。请你写一封邮件邀请你的外国朋友Leon参加。内容包括： 1.邮件的目的； 2.讲座的时间和地点； 3.讲座的内容。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Leon, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文 Dear Leon, Our school will hold a lecture themed “Love” . I am writing to invite you to attend it. The relevant details are as follows. The lecture will be held at 4:00 pm next Monday in our school hall. Its content not only involves the significance of love, but also includes some useful approaches to dealing with emotional problems of middle school students. At the end of the lecture, there will be some interactions, during which you can get some practical information. I think it will benefit us a lot. Sincerely wish that you could attend the lecture and exchange your views with us. Looking forward to your early reply . Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封邮件邀请你外国朋友Leon参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行：hold→take place 方法：approach→method 观点：view→opinion 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our school will hold a lecture themed “Love” . 拓展句：Our school will hold a lecture which is themed “Love” . 【点睛】【高分句型1】At the end of the lecture, there will be some interactions, during which you can get some practical information.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Sincerely wish that you could attend the lecture and exchange your views with us.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 听力：1-20 ACCCABBACBCBBCACBABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 宜宾市四中2022-2023学年高二上期期末模拟考试 英语试题 注意事项： 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Where does the conversation take place probably? A．In a taxi. B．In a post office. C．On a bus. 2．What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Boss and secretary. C．Doctor and patient. 3．How much will the woman pay for the two books? A．$2.5. B．$3.4. C．$5.9. 4．Why does the man want to travel to India? A．To visit a forest. B．To see some plants. C．To see people picking tea leaves. 5．What does the man like to write? A．Poems. B．Romance novels. C．Diaries. 第二节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。 6．Why is it an important day for the man? A．He will attend a wedding. B．He will sign an agreement. C．He will go for a business trip. 7．What color is the tie the man will wear? A．Red. B．Brown. C．Black. 听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。 8．How does the boy think of reviewing lessons? A．Boring. B．Relaxing. C．Important. 9．What should the boy do every night, according to the woman? A．Get some exercise. B．Use the computer. C．Study for at least two hours. 听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。 10．What does the man expect for the year? A．It’ll be fun. B．It’ll be difficult. C．It’ll be easy. 11．What does the man plan to do? A．Major in English. B．Volunteer at the zoo. C．Attend medical school. 12．How often will the woman be volunteering? A．Every day. B．Every weekend. C．Three days a week. 听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。 13．What is the man doing? A．Checking into a hotel. B．Making a hotel reservation. C．Trying to find a place for smoking. 14．How much will the man pay for his stay?. A．3 300. B．$ 1, 200. C．$1,500. 15．What can be known about the man? A．He doesn’t smoke. B．He isn’t satisfied with the reservation. C．He cares about the higher room prices. 16．What’s the woman? A．A shopper. B．A guide. C．A receptionist. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。 17．When did the storm start? A．This morning. B．This afternoon. C．Last night. 18．Who has been rescued by boat? A．People living in low areas. B．People living near the hills. C．People living near the ocean. 19．How many people are without power? A．Thousands. B．Hundreds. C．Several. 20．What does the Weather Service suggest people do? A．Not leave their homes B．Turn off their electricity. C．Drive carefully through water. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Chicago Children’s Museum This museum offers plenty of fun activities for kids. However, this is one of the few Chicago museums not “fun for the whole family” as adults and older kids will be bored to tears. Address: 700 East Grand Ave. (Navy Pier), Chicago Phone: 312-527-1000 Public transportation: CTA bus lines #29 (State Street), #65 (Grand Avenue), and the #66 (Chicago Avenue) all serve Navy Pier. Parking rates: *Monday through Thursday: $20 *Friday through Sunday: $24 *Holidays: $24 Hours: *Monday through Friday: 10 am—5 pm *Saturday and Sunday: 10 am—8 pm Entrance fees: *Adults: $12 *Children: $12 * Seniors (65+): $11 *Children (under 5): free Activities: Located on one of Chicago’s top tourist attractions, Navy Pier, the museum offers three floors of activities for kids, including: *Play It Safe—all about home safety *Inventing Lab—provides parts and instructions for creating things *Kids Town—a playroom recreating a Chicago neighborhood where kids can pretend to do things like shopping for groceries and driving a CTA bus *Climbing Schooner—a three-floor climbing building *My Museum—kids get to create various art projects that are “all about me” *Skyline—learn about skyscrapers(摩天大楼)and design your own *Treehouse Trails—a play area designed like a forest *Waterways—water activities showing how pumps and dams work 1. Why is the museum mainly designed for young kids? A. Because the government orders it to do so. B. Because adults have many other things to do. C. Because others are likely to be tired of these activities. D. Because it is easy for the museum to make money from kids. 2. How much will parents with a kid (6) and grandfather (69) pay if they drive to the museum on Saturday? A $36. B. $47. C. $59. D. $71. 3. Children who are fond of artworks should take part in A. Waterways B. My Museum C. Play it safe D. Inventing Lab B When he first rose to stardom in the NBA, Yao Ming could not possibly have known the influence he would have on the American understanding of China. In the eyes of many Americans, Chinese are short, bookish, and not especially athletic. Yao, 26, has turned that image on its head. A giant at 2. 26 metres, he has been the most talked-about player in the league since he topped the NBA draft (选秀) in 2002. When Yao first joined the Rockets and struggled with an American style of basketball, many were quick to label (把……称为) Yao “a failure”. But Yao played on. He did not let the criticism affect his performance. Even when former NBA star Charles Barkley bet that Yao could not score more than 19 points in a single game, Yao kept his self-respect. The same cannot be said for Barkley, who was forced to kiss a real donkey’s ass when Yao passed the 19-point mark early in his first season. For Americans, Yao’s polite and friendly personality is liked by them compared with the rude behaviors of the NBA’s bad boys. Compared with most other NBA players, Yao Ming is a true gentleman. He respects all of his opponents, even those who are not friendly to him. “He is so wise and humorous that he seems like a diplomat (外交家) rather than a basketball player sometimes,” said Ron Burke, an NBA TV reporter. In addition, Yao’s witty answers have changed the opinion that Chinese people are boring. When asked what were his favourite English words, Yao told the press that the five words were “This is the last question.” Yao is winning supporters within the league as well. After a Rockets-Lakers game that Shaquille O’Neal had to sit out with an injury, O’Neal said, “You played pretty good, Yao Ming.” Yao replied, “That’s because you weren’t there.” 4. What did many people think when Yao Ming first joined the Rockets? A. He is friendly. B. He is thankful. C. He is a failure. D. He is a success. 5. Yao Ming was liked by Americans mainly because he ________. A. proved that he was athletic B. showed his politeness and friendliness C. passed the 19-point mark early D. beat former NBA star Charles Barkley 6. By sharing the story between Yao Ming and O’Neal in the last paragraph, the writer shows us ________. A. Yao Ming wasn’t supported within the league B. Yao Ming was boring and proud C. Yao Ming didn’t have witty answers D. Yao Ming was respectful and smart 7. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The impact of Yao Ming on Americans’ attitudes towards Chinese. B. The brilliant shooting skills Yao Ming showed in the NBA. C. Yao Ming’s competition with other NBA players. D. Yao Ming’s success in an intense basketball match. C A 14-year-old scientist took home $25, 000 from a national science competition for inventing a liquid bandage that could replace antibiotics (抗生素). Kara Fan from San Diego, CA won the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in St. Paul, Minnesota. Fan came up with a special liquid bandage that could replace the overuse of antibiotics. “I want to show my invention of the liquid bandage to more people. I think it is important for more people to be aware of the serious crisis and do something about it,” Fan said. The 3M Young Scientist Challenge is a national competition for middle school students, which takes place every year. The students are tasked with coming up with an idea or invention that solves existing problems. Ten finalists are chosen to compete for the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” and a grand prize of $25, 000. After being selected, they work with scientists to make their idea come to life. Each competitor is judged on their invention’s creativity, scientific knowledge, persuasiveness (说服力) and communication, and overall presentation. Apart from Kara Fan, other finalists included Jay a Choudray, who invented an airflow control robot that helps to save energy in a home, and Caroline Crouchley, who invented a climate-friendly transportation system that doesn’t need a diesel engine or electric motors. 3M holds the competition for students in grades 5-8 because its research has shown that their interest in science fades, which is terrible for a country. And they want to inspire the young to develop love in science . 8. Why did Fan make the invention of liquid bandage? A To gain a great prize of money. B. To prevent people from using antibiotics. C. To apply a scientific research on antibiotics. D. To raise people’s awareness on danger of overuse antibiotics. 9. What do we know about The 3M Young Scientist Challenge? A. It is held every other year. B. It helps to solve existing problems. C. It offers help to middle school students . D. It is a nationwide competition intended for young people. 10. What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A. The competitors working with scientists will be selected. B. The competitors are judged by their contributions to science. C. Ten finalists are given the title of “America's Top Young Scientist 11”. D. Caroline Crouchley designed an environmentally-friendly driving system. 11. What kind of this passage could be? A. A news report. B. An instruction. C. A guidance. D. A meeting record. D Masks that helped save lives are proving a deadly danger to wildlife, with birds and sea creatures trapped in the shocking number of thrown-away facial coverings. Single-use masks have been found around pavements, waterways and beaches worldwide. Worn once, the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to decompose. “Face masks aren’t going away any time soon — but when we throw them away, these items can harm the environment and the animals,” Ashley Fruno of animal rights group PETA said. In Britain, a gull was rescued by the RSPCA after its legs became tangled in the straps of a mask for up to a week. The animal welfare charity took it to a wildlife hospital for treatment before its release. The biggest effect may be in the water. More than 1.5 billion masks made their way into the world’s oceans last year, accounting for around 6,200 extra tonnes of ocean plastic pollution, according to environmental group Oceans Asia. Conservationists in Brazil found one mask inside the stomach of a penguin after its body was washed up on a beach, while a dead puffer fish was discovered caught inside another off the coast of Miami. French campaigners found a dead crab trapped in a mask near the Mediterranean. Masks and gloves are “particularly problematic” for sea creatures, says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO Ocean Conservancy. “When those plastics break down in the environment, they then enter the food chain and impact the entire ecosystems,” he added. There has been a shift towards greater use of reusable cloth masks as the pandemic has worn on, but many are still using the lighter single-use varieties. Campaigners have urged people to bin them properly and cut the straps to reduce the risk of animals becoming trapped. Oceans Asia has also called on governments to increase fines for littering and encourage the use of washable masks. 12. What does the underlined word “decompose” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Burn away. B. Produce. C. Break down. D. Improve. 13. What can we learn from George Leonard’s words? A. The environmental group saves many animals. B. Sea wildlife is fond of feeding on face masks. C. Measures should be taken to protect sea wildlife. D. Masks thrown around finally do harm to human. 14. How might the mask problems be solved? A. By increasing fines for throwing masks. B. By preventing the public using single-use masks. C. By working with campaigners’ groups. D. By washing face masks frequently. 15. Which of the following could be the best title for the text? A. Wildlife Faces a Threat from Face Masks B. Face Masks can Harm the Environment C. Animal Protection Organizations Matter D. Government should Ban Littering Face Masks 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Open Hand — a Universal Sign When meeting people at the airport, ____16____We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy, but what if we don’t know who the new person is?____17____What if we are meeting a stranger in an unfamiliar place? Sometimes people are dangerous and humans have to find ways to protect themselves. We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know,_____18_____Showing our hands means that we are not armed (武装). In many cultures today, the Western custom of shaking hands is used. We use our right hand, which is usually stronger than the left one. If we are using our hand this way, it cannot be holding a knife or a gun. It shows that we trust the other person,____19____ Not all cultures use the handshake,____20____Japanese people might cover one hand with the other and, depending on whom they are greeting, bow slightly or quite low. In India, Hindu people join their hands in front of their faces and bow their heads. A Muslim will touch his heart, mouth and forehead (前额) to show respect. Even young people in the West now give each other the “high five”, when they slap (拍) each other’s hands high in the air. They are all keeping their hands busy. In almost all cultures, to smile and show an open right hand means, “Welcome, you are safe with me.” A. What if I want to show that I am bored? B. most people smile and shake hands with people they meet. C. and that the other person can trust us. D. What if we are not introduced by a friend? E. and people in many Asian cultures do not always touch another person. F. and we have to show that we are not dangerous. G. nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During my lifetime, I’ve learnt something important: it’s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone. About seven years ago, I started learning how to paint as a___21___. I was pretty terrible. Everything looked___22___, and my colors were totally off. My friends and colleagues suggested that I stop___23___my time on something I wasn’t good at. “___24___on your day job,” they said. I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right___25___who could guide me. I am now_____26_____“good”. Today, the same friends say I was born with this___27___. The same thing___28___when I started piano and singing lessons a couple of years ago. Comments shifted from, “Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,” to “You’ve got a musical gene (基因).” These___29___originate from long-held beliefs that growth is usually not possible for adults. Even when there is evidence of learning, it can be_____30_____to inborn talent. Most scientific studies on adulthood focus on cognitive decline (认知下降), rather than_____31_____, suggesting that even scientists may think that development is limited in adulthood. A few recent studies suggest that_____32_____new skills, such as photography, for even three months may strengthen the functioning of the brain in adults. I would take these studies one step further to argue that a(n)_____33_____cause of cognitive decline is the fact that adults learn fewer new skills_____34_____to children. If we can_____35_____how to learn well as adults, then perhaps we can_____36_____cognitive decline. Adults are often_____37_____ to go outside of their comfort zones. We fear looking_____38_____for making mistakes; we fear failure could cost us our jobs. Perhaps a reason why we suffer from cognitive decline is that we do not engage in learning new skills for many years. To better communicate with my German friends I am starting to learn German. I’m_____39_____at the “listening and babbling (咿呀学语)” phase. Sure, some may laugh at an adult babbling, but I hope one day I can_____40_____German fluently, and inspire many other adults to learn like a baby. 21. A. hobby B. dream C. job D. measure 22. A. perfect B. bright C. dull D. enjoyable 23. A. taking B. wasting C. putting D. getting 24. A. Count B. Depend C. Focus D. Congratulate 25. A. friends B. teachers C. colleagues D. partners 26. A. concluded B. realized C. considered D. described 27. A. character B. spirit C. talent D. power 28. A. happened B. found C. mentioned D. showed 29. A. suggestions B. achievements C. results D. comments 30. A. reported B. owed C. forced D. addicted 31 A. failure B. change C. adaptation D. growth 32. A. catching B. arranging C. learning D. holding 33. A. important B. strange C. insignificant D. useful 34. A. prepared B. compared C. intended D. provided 35. A. break out B. give out C. bring out D. figure out 36. A. interrupt B. prevent C. master D. influence 37. A. unreasonable B. uncertain C. unwilling D. undoubted 38. A. stupid B. upset C. crazy D. ugly 39. A. clearly B. presently C. continually D. occasionally 40. A. write B. read C. listen D. speak 第二节(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Summer vacation, although a welcome relief for students, is a worrying time for parents because they are afraid their children could become ____41____ (addict) to video games during the July-August holiday. The ____42____ (extreme) long time that students spend on video games is ____43____ danger to not only their health but also their quality of life. In recent years,video games____44____(become) one of the most popular forms of____45____ (entertain) for children worldwide. They have also become a serious form of addiction for many children. In fact,the World Health Organization recently classified video game addiction ____46____ a mental health disorder. Addiction to video games can have serious health effects on children. They can lead to visual problems, poor eating and ____47____ (sleep) habits, social isolation (孤立), and anger and aggressive behavior when asked to stop playing, ____48____ can be dangerous to others. Children may also have difficulty making ____49____ (friend). It is the parents’ responsibility _____50_____ (limit) their children's access to video games and computers, because it is the children's health and quality of life that are affected. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Many people may have heard a plant that we call it tortoise-shell bamboo native to China. This bamboo can grow so tall as 28 metres. This particular species are the most commonly used material in China’s bamboo industry. Before it is planted, no obviously growth occurs for up to five years—even under ideal conditions! Then, to people’s surprise, a plant suddenly begins to grow at the rate of nearly 70 centimetres per day, reached its full height within six weeks. Besides, it’s not magic. The bamboo’s rapid growth resulted from the miles of roots develops during those first five years. 第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 52. 假定你是李华，你校将举办一个以“爱”为主题的讲座。请你写一封邮件邀请你的外国朋友Leon参加。内容包括： 1.邮件的目的； 2.讲座的时间和地点； 3.讲座的内容。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Leon, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 听力：1-20 ACCCABBACBCBBCACBABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$