13 UNIT 2 Understanding each other Period 6 写作-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步讲义(译林版2020)

Period 6　 写作(Writing) 写一篇介绍“汉语热”的短文 本单元要求写一篇介绍“汉语热”的短文，属于现象类短文的写作范畴。 (一)基本框架 开头：引出现象 主体：分析原因 结尾：简要总结 (二)常用表达 1．In recent years，learning Chinese has become popular among foreigners around the world． 近年来，学习汉语已经在世界各地的外国人中变得流行起来。 2．There are many reasons why more and more people are crazy about learning Chinese． 有许多原因让越来越多的人热衷于学习汉语。 3．Learning Chinese will facilitate the economic trade contact and enhance the friendship with other countries． 学习汉语有利于促进经贸往来，增进与其他国家的友谊。 4．The popularity of learning Chinese has not only increased our national pride，but has made us realize the significance of economic development． “汉语热”不仅增加了我们的民族自豪感，而且使我们认识到经济发展的重要性。 如今，越来越多的外国人学习汉语。多所孔子学院在其他国家建立，许多外国人被这种古老、神秘和迷人的语言所吸引。请就此现象谈谈你的看法。 [审题构思]　 1．确定体裁：议论文； 2．确定人称：以第三人称为主； 3．确定时态：以一般现在时为主； 4．确定内容： ①简述当今“汉语热”现象； ②解释原因； ③发表看法。 [遣词造句] 1．目前，多个国家设立了孔子学院。 Nowadays，Confucius Institutes have been set up in many countries． 2．许多外国人被这种古老、神秘和迷人的语言吸引。 Many foreigners are attracted by the old，mysterious and charming language． 3．我们可以解释的几个因素促成了学习汉语的热情。 Several factors that we can explain contribute to the enthusiasm for learning Chinese． 4．随着中国经济的快速发展，学习汉语可以帮助人们获得更多的工作机会。 With China's economy developing rapidly，learning Chinese can help people get more job opportunities． 5．它是了解中国独特文化和悠久历史的必经之路。 It provides access to unique Chinese culture and long history． 6．由于中国丰富的自然景观和人文景观，越来越多的外国游客开始到中国旅游。 Due to the plenty of natural landscapes and scenery of humanities in China，more and more foreign tourists start to travel in China． 7．他们对学习汉语表现出浓厚的兴趣。 They show great interest in learning Chinese． 8．随着中国的不断发展，“汉语热”将会保持蓬勃发展。 With the continuous development of China，the popularity of learning Chinese will keep booming． 9．它帮助人们从一个新的角度看待生活，并增长了他们对外部世界的认知。 It helps people see life from a new perspective and broaden their minds to the outside world． [句式升级] 1．用not only...but also...的部分倒装句式升级句4和句5 With China's economy developing rapidly，not only can learning Chinese help people get more job opportunities，but it can also provide access to unique Chinese culture and long history． 2．用定语从句升级句6和句7 Due to the plenty of natural landscapes and scenery of humanities in China，more and more foreign tourists start to travel in China，who show great interest in learning Chinese． 3．用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句8和句9 With the continuous development of China，the popularity of learning Chinese will keep booming，which helps people see life from a new perspective and broaden their minds to the outside world． [连句成篇](注意使用适当的衔接过渡词) [参考范文] Nowadays，Confucius Institutes have been set up in many countries，and many foreigners are attracted by the old，mysterious and charming language． Several factors that we can explain contribute to the enthusiasm for learning Chinese．Above all，with China's economy developing rapidly，not only can learning Chinese help people get more job opportunities，but it can also provide access to unique Chinese culture and long history．Furthermore，due to the plenty of natural landscapes and scenery of humanities in China，more and more foreign tourists start to travel in China，who show great interest in learning Chinese． In my opinion，with the continuous development of China，the popularity of learning Chinese will keep booming，which helps people see life from a new perspective and broaden their minds to the outside world． 情感描写　“怒”与“忧” [词块积累] 1．his eyes ablaze with anger 他怒目圆睁 2．feel annoyed感到恼怒的 3．a broken spirit意志消沉 4．flame with anger气得满脸通红 5．fly into a rage勃然大怒 6．with a heavy heart心情沉重的 7．be down in spirits情绪低落 8．have a worried look愁眉苦脸 9．with a glum look带着忧愁的面容 10．immerse oneself in sorrow陷于悲伤之中 [佳句积累] 1．She was burning with anger． 她怒火中烧。 2．I was in a bad temper last night． 我昨晚情绪不好。 3．His voice trembled with anger． 他的声音因愤怒而颤抖。 4．He gave me a look of burning anger． 他看了我一眼，怒不可遏。 5．He is in a low spirit because he believes he has bleak prospects． 他心情低落，因为他认为自己的前途会很凄凉。 6．They suffer from a strong sense of loss and feel useless． 他们遭受了强烈的失落感，认为自己无用。 7．He had to present a smiling face though heavy-hearted． 虽然忧心忡忡，但他还得露出一副笑脸。 8．My ears burned at hearing his rude words and I covered my face with my hands in angry． 听到他粗鲁的话，我的耳朵都烧起来了，我愤怒地用手捂住脸。 9．When she spoke，his face clouded with angry and he glared at her with burning eyes． 当她说话时，他的脸上布满了愤怒，他用充满怒火的眼睛瞪着她。 10．With the College Entrance Examination around the corner，I am very nervous and in low spirits because I am afraid of letting my parents down． 高考即将来临，因为害怕让父母失望，我非常紧张，情绪低落。 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was sitting next to Missy in my 9th-grade world history class when Mrs．Bartlett announced a new project：In groups，we were to create a newspaper about the culture we were studying． On a piece of paper，we wrote the names of three friends we wanted in our group．After collecting all the requests，Mrs．Bartlett told us that she would take our choices into consideration and let us know the results the next day． After the bell rang the next day，Missy and I waited anxiously as Mrs．Bartlett started to call out names．When she reached group three，Missy's name was called．I would be in the same group，I thought，as I knew we had chosen each other．Then the other three names were called．Mine was not included．There must be some mistake! Then I heard it．The last group：Mauro，Juliette，Rachel，Karina! I could feel tears well up in my eyes．How could I face being in that group—the boy，Mauro，who barely spoke English and his lack of friends; Juliette，who，from West Asia，was always covered by long skirts to her ankles; and the other girl who wore odd clothes．Oh，how I wanted to be with my friends! I fought back tears as I walked up to Mrs．Bartlett．Knowing what I was there for，she looked at me and gently placed a hand on my shoulder． “I know what you want，Karina，” she said，“but your group needs you．I need you to help them get a passing grade on this assignment．Will you help them？” I was stunned．She had seen something in me even I hadn't seen．“Yes，” I replied．I couldn't believe it came out of my mouth，but it did．Then I bravely walked to where the others in my group was，sat down and started to work． 注意：1．续写词数应为 150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Gradually，I grew interested in working with my new friends． Mrs．Bartlett gave us an A on that assignment． [参考范文] Gradually，I grew interested in working with my new friends．According to personal interests and what they were good at，I assigned them with different columns of the newspaper．Halfway through it，I felt myself enjoying the company of these three people．Gradually，I learned that Mauro had few friends because he was struggling with the English language; Juliette wore long skirts or dresses every day because of her religion; Rachel had a burning desire to be a fashion designer so she had a whole barrel of unique ideas．Finally，with our cooperation，our assignment was successfully finished． Mrs．Bartlett gave us an A on that assignment．She announced to the whole class that the newspaper designed by our group was elaborately laid out and carefully edited，with rich cultural knowledge．Our joy and happiness were beyond description．After that semester ended，I always received a friendly hello from my group．Many years later，I didn't recall anything about the newspaper，but I did feel fortunate to be given the opportunity to see the potential in myself that inspired my actions．It is Mrs Bartlett's insight，vision and thoughtfulness that bring out the potential in four of her students．She is the one who truly deserves the grade A． 课时分层作业(六) Ⅰ．阅读理解 A Being able to take advantage of truly unlimited data is a smartphone user's dream，but everyone I've talked to about 5G is more excited about the usage unlocked by next-generation wireless devices．From smart home security to self-driving cars，all the Internet-connected equipment in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speed with reduced latency(延迟)． “5G is one of those forerunners，along with artificial intelligence，of this coming data age，” said Steve Koenig，senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association．“Self-driving vehicles are emblematic in this data age—they show the application of data completely．With one single task，driving，you have large amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself，and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves．It's pulling in data from other vehicles about conditions down the road．There's lots of data behind that task，which is why we need the speed and lower latency．” AR glasses and virtual reality headphones haven't yet been inside the mainstream，but tech companies are joyfully saying that such equipment will eventually replace our smartphones．With 5G，that could actually happen．This is notable because companies are reportedly developing AR glasses to improve—or even replace—smartphones． Ericsson showed at February's Mobile World Congress in 2019 how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection，because instead of being weighed down with components，the glasses could rely on outside equipment for processing power． But don't get too excited．There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime，including some necessary testing to make sure the radio plays nicely with basic systems and service construction so that 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5G技术在无线设备中的应用和潜力，文章提到了自动驾驶车辆、增强现实眼镜和虚拟现实耳机等设备有望通过5G技术取代智能手机。但同时也需要进行一些必要的测试和服务建设。 1．What does the first paragraph focus on? A．Usage of smart equipment． B．The super speed of 5G． C．Potential of 5G． D．The future of smart equipment． C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“From smart home security to self-driving cars，all the Internet-connected equipment in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speed with reduced latency．”可知，第一段的重点是说明5G的潜力。故选C。] 2．Which word can replace “emblematic” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Representative．　　　 B．Productive． C．Constant． D．Popular． A　[词义猜测题。根据前文“5G is one of those forerunners，along with artificial intelligence，of this coming data age”以及后文“they show the application of data completely”可知，此处表示无人驾驶汽车完全展现了5G数据的应用，是一个使用5G技术很好的例子，具有代表性。故画线单词意为“有代表性的”。故选A。] 3．What is tech companies' attitude towards the replacement of smartphones? A．Uncertain． B．Disapproving． C．Cautious． D．Optimistic． D　[观点态度题。根据第三段中的“AR glasses and virtual reality headphones haven't yet been inside the mainstream，but tech companies are joyfully saying that such equipment will eventually replace our smartphones．With 5G，that could actually happen．”可知，这些技术公司对智能手机会被替代一事的态度是乐观的。故选D。] 4．Why does much work still need to be done according to the last paragraph? A．To make radio play nicely． B．To expand 5G coverage fully． C．To do 5G trials effectively． D．To construct big 5G cities． B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“But don't get too excited．There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime，including some necessary testing to make sure the radio plays nicely with basic systems and service construction so that 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities．”可知，还有很多工作要完成的原因是，要使无线电通信很好地发挥作用，使5G不仅仅覆盖大城市。故选B。] B At ancient sites across the Amazon River basin，mysterious plots of unusually rich soil dot the landscape．Scientists have long debated the origin of this “dark earth”，which is darker in color than surrounding soils and richer in carbon．Some people think this dark earth formed naturally，but the latest research has shown that modern Kuikuro people in Brazil create similar soil around their villages on purpose，which adds evidence to the idea that long-ago Amazons deliberately made such soil too．Perron，an earth scientist at MIT，reviewed interviews of Kuikuro people conducted by a Kuikuro filmmaker in 2018 and found that Kuikuro villagers actively make dark earth by using ash，food bits and controlled burns．“When you plant in hilly land，the soil is weak，” explained elder Kanu Kuikuro in one of the interviews．“That is why we throw the ash，manioc peelings and manioc pulp．”When comparing soil samples from ancient and modern sites，researchers found “striking similarities”—both were far less acidic than surrounding soils and contained higher levels of plant-friendly nutrients． Analyses also revealed that dark earth holds twice the amount of carbon as surrounding soils on average．Scans of the Xingu Region suggest that the area is dotted with dark earth，and that the area holds as much as about 9 million tons of carbon—the annual carbon emissions of a small，industrialized country．“This number could roughly equal the annual carbon emissions of the United States when all dark earth across the Amazon is taken into consideration，” Perron says． Figuring out the true value of carbon stored in the Amazon's dark earth will require more data．Still，the research has significant influences on the Amazon's future．The technique highlights how ancient people were able to live in the Amazon by developing sustainable farming that doubled as a carbon-storing technique．With more and more greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere，it could also provide a blueprint for developing methods of sustainably locking atmospheric carbon in the soil，helping fight climate change． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊黑土地的形成和功能。黑土地是人为形成的，而非自然现象。同时黑土地极强的碳吸附能力对于对抗全球气候变化有一定作用。 5．What can we infer from the dark earth across the Amazon River basin? A．It is more acidic than surrounding soils． B．It contains more organic nutrients． C．It formed naturally． D．It contains less carbon． B　[推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，黑土地富含更多利于植物生长的营养物质，也就是有机营养成分。故选B。] 6．Why does the author mention the annual carbon emissions of the US? A．To explain the difficulty of protecting dark earth． B．To show the wide distribution of dark earth in Amazon． C．To stress the huge carbon-storing capability of dark earth． D．To reveal the large carbon emissions of the United States． C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Scans of the Xingu region suggest...‘This number could roughly equal...consideration，’Perron says．”可知，作者提到美国每年的碳排放量，是为了强调黑土地巨大的碳储存能力。故选C。] 7．What does the author stress in the last paragraph? A．The importance of developing sustainable farming． B．The advanced farming technology in ancient times． C．A possible solution to climate change． D．A way of green agriculture． C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With more and more greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere，it could also provide a blueprint for developing methods of sustainably locking atmospheric carbon in the soil，helping fight climate change．”可知，黑土地极强的碳吸附能力为对抗全球气候变化提供了可能的解决方案。故选C。] 8．Which is the best title of the text? A．Urgency of Sustainable Development B．Facts About the Dark Earth C．Advantages of the Dark Earth D．Wisdom of Ancient Amazons B　[标题归纳题。根据文章第一、二段描述“黑土地极强的碳吸附能力”和第三段“黑土地为对抗全球气候变化提供了可能的解决方案”可知，本文主要介绍了关于黑土地的一些信息，由此可推知，B项“关于黑土地的事实”最适合作文章标题。故选B。] Ⅱ．应用文写作 上周五，你校学生会组织全校学生参与了“消防安全，人人有责”的消防演习活动。请你就此活动写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．报道本次活动的内容； 2．参与本次活动的收获与感想。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：消防演习Fire Drill Fire Safety for Everyone [参考范文] Fire Safety for Everyone Last Friday witnessed a meaningful fire drill activity titled “Fire Safety for Everyone” organized by our school's Students' Union，leaving a deep impression on my memory． As scheduled，the activity started with a local firefighter's lecture on the fire and emergency management．Then，the students watched some videos about the consequences of the fire destruction，making us realize the importance of preventing fires．The highlight of the activity，undoubtedly，was a practical fire drill competition，in which we were asked to deal with different emergencies rapidly． The activity greatly won our favor and enabled us to understand the threats of fire destruction． 5 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$