21 UNIT 3 Back to the past Period 7 单元回顾及综合检测-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步讲义(译林版2020)

Period 7　 默写背诵(Back to the past) 1．breadth n．宽度；广泛 2．log n．航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi．&vt．伐木 3．leak vi．漏，渗漏；渗入vt．漏，渗漏；泄露n．漏洞 4．subsequent adj．随后的，后来的 5．kingdom n．王国；管辖范围 6．royal adj．盛大的，庄严的；皇家的，王室的 7．tomb n．坟墓 8．literary adj．文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的 9．facilitate vt．使便利，促进 10．minister n．大臣，部长 11．exceptional adj．杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的 12．format n．总体安排，设计；版式 13．eagle n．雕 14．navy n．海军，海军部队 15．bleed vi．失血，流血 16．hatch vt．密谋，策划；使孵出 vi．孵化；孵出 17．plot n．阴谋；故事情节vi．&vt．密谋 18．memorial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物 19．textile n．纺织品；(textiles)纺织业 1．voyage n．航海，航行，航天 vi．航行，远行 2．load vt．&vi．装上，装入 n．负载；承载量；大量 3．dismiss vt．不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 4．proof n．证据，证明 5．insist vi．&vt．坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 6．route n．路线，路途；途径，渠道 7．panic n．惊恐，恐慌 vi．&vt．(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 8．regardless adv．不顾，不加理会 9．shore n．岸，滨 10．captain n．船长，机长；上校；队长 11．available adj．可获得的，可找到的；有空的 12．phrase n．成语，习语；短语，词组 13．shelf n．(pl．shelves)(书架等的)架子，搁板 14．pack vt．& vi．塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n．包，包裹；小盒，小包 15．contrary adj．相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 16．aboard prep．& adv．在(车、船、飞机等)上，上(车、船、飞机等) 17．rub vt．&vi．擦，磨，搓；(使)相互摩擦 18．washroom n．洗手间，厕所 19．uniform n．制服；队服 adj．一致的，统一的 20．meanwhile adv．同时；其间；对比之下 21．drag vt．拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动 22．chaos n．混乱，杂乱 23．sink vi．&vt．(sank，sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低 24．reform vt．改进，改良，改革 n．改革，改良 25．output n．产量，输出量 26．cloth n．织物，布料 27．shift n．改变，转移；轮班 vi．& vt．(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 28．cottage n．小屋，村舍 1．convince vt．使确信，使相信；说服，劝说→convincing adj．令人信服的；有说服力的→convinced adj．信服的；确信的 2．navigate vt．航行；导航 vi．导航→navigation n．导航；航行；航海 3．strong adj．强烈的；坚固的；强壮的→strength n．力气；强度；力量；长处→strengthen vt．& vi．加强，增强 4．harmony n．和谐；协调→harmonious adj．友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的 5．acknowledge vt．承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n．承认；感谢 6．influence vt．影响 n．影响力；影响→influential adj．有很大影响力的，有支配力的 7．finance n．金融；财政；资金→financial adj．财政的，金融的，财务的 8．depart vi．& vt．离开，起程→departure n．出发；离开 9．short adj．短的；个子矮的；短缺的→shortage n．不足，短缺 10．astonish vt．使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj．令人惊讶的→astonished adj．感到十分惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶；大为惊奇 11．extensive adj．广阔的；广泛的→extensively adv．广阔地；广泛地 12．prison n．监狱→prisoner n．犯人 13．adopt vt．采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi．领养，收养→adopted adj．收养的；领养的；移居的→adoption n．采纳；采用；收养 14．compare vt．& vi．对比；比较→comparison n．对比；比较 15．violent adj．暴力的；猛烈的→violence n．暴力；激烈→violently adv．猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地 16．dive vi．俯冲；跳水；潜水 n．冲，扑，俯冲；潜水；跳水→diver n．潜水者 17．thunder vi．轰隆隆地响；打雷 n．雷，雷声→thunderous adj．雷鸣般的；声音很大的 18．freeze vi．& vt．突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵→freezing adj．冻僵的；极冷的→frozen adj．冷冻的；冻僵的；惊呆 19．pray vi．& vt．企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告→prayer n．祈祷，祷告；祈祷文 1．on behalf of 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 2．regardless of 不管，不顾 3．allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内 4．sort out 理顺，整理；把……安排好 5．contrary to 与……相反 6．pass on传递 7．insist on坚持，坚决要求 8．search for寻找；搜索 9．be full of充满 10．as usual像往常一样；照例 11．get in touch with与……联系；和……接触 12．open up打开；直抒胸臆，畅所欲言 13．later on后来 14．show respect for向……表示敬意 1．A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas，with almost 28，000 people on board，which was a splendid scene． 一支由200多艘船只组成的船队在蓝色的海上航行，船上有近28 000人，场面十分壮观。 2．As a teenager，he loved sailing，and he showed great interest in geography，which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman． 十几岁时，他就喜欢航海，他对地理表现出极大的兴趣，这激励了他作为一个海员开始他的职业生涯。 3．Regardless of all the challenges，Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean． 不顾所有的挑战，哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和勇敢确保每个人都平安越过海洋。 4．His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration，a period which witnessed many important geographical findings． 他的航行揭开了大航海时代的新篇章，这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。 5．Louis，meanwhile，also standing on the deck，was lucky not to be thrown into the sea． 与此同时，路易也站在甲板上，很幸运没有被炸进海里。 6．The men went to the washroom，dressed in their uniforms and sat down to breakfast． 男人们走进盥洗室，穿上制服，坐下来吃早饭。 7．Russell felt his blood freeze，but he quickly came to himself and rushed up to the deck． 拉塞尔感到自己的血液都凝固了，但是他很快就清醒了过来，冲到甲板上。 请你根据下列提示描述一本你最喜欢的书籍： 1．最喜欢儒勒·凡尔纳(Jules Verne，科幻小说之父)的小说《八十天环游地球》(Around the World in Eighty Days)； 2．该书讲的是一个英国绅士Phileas Fogg和人打赌八十天环游世界的故事。描写了他旅途中遇到的困难和经历的事件； 3．通过这本书，我们能了解到作者对大海、旅行和探险的热爱。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [高分范文背诵] My favourite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days，written by Jules Verne，who is acknowledged as the father of science fiction． This science fiction tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman，Mr Phileas Fogg，who makes a bet with his friends and manages to travel around the world in eighty days．It gives us a vivid description of the difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey． From this story，we can see the author's deep love for the sea，travel and adventure，which played a vital role in his life． 片段1 Rocky Lyons was five years old when his mother Kelly was driving through rural Alabama．He was asleep on the front seat of their truck with his legs crossed．Suddenly，the truck turned over down to a valley．Rocky moved out from under Kelly，slid through the open window and tried to pull his mother out．But she didn't move．Rocky crawled back into the truck and managed to push Kelly out of the crashed truck．He then told her they'd climb up to the road and stop a car to get help．Hearing the encouragement from Rocky，Kelly picked up the hope and felt her way in the dark．It was midnight when they reached the road． 洛奇·莱昂斯五岁时，他的母亲凯莉开车穿过阿拉巴马州的乡村。他跷着二郎腿在卡车的前座上睡着了。突然，卡车翻到了一个山谷里。洛奇从凯莉的身下钻了出来，从开着的窗户爬了出去，他试图把妈妈拉出来。但她没有动。洛奇爬回卡车，把凯莉从撞坏的卡车里推了出来。然后他告诉她，他们可以爬到路上，截停一辆车来寻求帮助。听到洛奇的鼓励，凯莉拾起了希望，在黑暗中摸索着前进。他们到大路上时已是半夜了。 片段2 Due to tiredness，Rocky fell down the moment he stepped on the ground．However，he rose to his feet on shaky legs，yelling out aloud for help．Fortunately，a car stopped and the mother and son were rushed to the hospital．It took 8 hours to rebuild Kelly's face．Rocky paced up and down，waiting worriedly outside the operation room．He just couldn't stop crying his heart out．No sooner had the doctor told Rocky his mother was fine than he dashed into the room．Until his mother was asleep，then he tiptoed quietly out of the room． 由于疲惫，洛奇一踏上地面就摔倒了。然而，他颤抖着双腿站了起来，大声呼救。幸运的是，一辆汽车停了下来，母子俩被紧急送往医院。使凯莉的脸复原花了八个小时。洛奇在手术室外走来走去，忧心忡忡地等待着。他忍不住哭得撕心裂肺。医生刚一告诉洛奇他的妈妈没事，洛奇就冲进了房间。直到妈妈睡着了，洛奇才踮着脚悄悄地走出房间。 单元综合检测(三) 第一部分　阅读 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Lost cities that have been found The White City In 2015，a team of explorers to Honduras in search of “the Lost City of the Monkey God” led to the discovery of the White City．It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors (征服者) occupied their homeland in the 16th century． Canopus and Heracleion The Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion，where Queen Cleopatra often visited，weren't found until 1992．Artifacts (史前器物) showed that the cities once highly developed as a trade network，which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt． Machu Picchu A Yale professor discovered “the Lost City in the Clouds” in 1911．Machu Picchu displays the Inca Empire at the height of its rule．Abandoned in the 16th century for unknown reasons，the city was hidden by the local people from the Spanish conquerors for centuries，keeping it so well-preserved． Troy The ancient city of Troy in Homer's The Iliad was considered a fictional setting for his characters to run wild．But in 1871，explorations in north-western Turkey exposed nine ancient cities layered (层叠) on top of each other，the earliest dating back about 5，000 years．It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake，not a wooden horse． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了已经找到的“失落之城”。 1．Why did people hide in the White City in the 16th century? A．To survive the war． B．To save the land． C．To protect their country． D．To search for a lost city． A　[推理判断题。根据The White City中的“In 2015，a team of explorers to Honduras in search of 'the Lost City of the Monkey God'led to the discovery of the White City．It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors occupied their homeland in the 16th century．”可知， 16世纪时，人们躲在白城是为了在战争中幸存下来。故选A。] 2．Which of the following was related to a royal family member? A．The White City． B．Canopus and Heracleion． C．Machu Picchu． D．Troy． B　[推理判断题。根据Canopus and Heracleion中的“The Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion，where Queen Cleopatra often visited，weren't found until 1992．Artifacts showed that the cities once highly developed as a trade network，which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt．”可知， Canopus and Heracleion与皇室成员有关。故选B。] 3．What can we learn about Troy? A．It was built by Homer． B．It consisted of nine cities． C．It had a history of 5，000 years． D．It was ruined by a natural disaster． D　[细节理解题。根据Troy中的“It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake，not a wooden horse．”可知，特洛伊城实际上是被地震摧毁的。故选D。] B John Nelson，93，grew up in Michigan and volunteered for the army in 1945．The 18-year-old managed to get accepted，despite being color-blind．He landed on the island of Iwo Jima in the first days of the American attack to take the island from the Japanese．Nelson fought day and night for 10 days before receiving a serious wound to his right arm．The other seven men in his squadron(中队) all died．American losses included 5，900 dead and 17，400 wounded． Nelson saw the American flag being raised on Mount Suribachi after the island was taken by the American forces．The arm would continue to trouble him the rest of his life．Suffering from anxiety and flashbacks，he was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder(创伤后精神紧张性障碍)． Al Elders was a Grandville farm boy．He joined the Navy and was stationed on Guam when the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on Aug．6 and 9，1945，basically ended the war with Japan． War often develops lasting friendships．But for the two World War Ⅱ veterans(老兵) living at Sunset Manor in Jenison，their friendship didn't begin until about a year and a half ago．One day，Elders noticed a man sitting at a cafeteria in the Sunset Village，and that was Nelson．Seeing his marine cap，Elders thought they would have something to talk about．And they did．The war in the Pacific is a common bond． The two men later worked together to serve other residents(居民) at Sunset Manor．John began detailing cars during good weather and cleaning snow in the winter．Elders became his advertising manager．They donated most of their incomes to the Wounded Warrior Project．John is less mobile now and is in care at Sunset．Al continues to visit and to encourage his friend．A friend of Elders' who traveled to Iwo Jima brought back a jar filled with sand from the rocky island．Elders sent the gift，along with his own wartime collections，to the Seabee Museum and Memorial Park． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两位“二战”老兵因为共同的战争经历结下了深厚的友谊。虽然他们年事已高，但仍然致力于服务社会。 4．What do we know about John Nelson? A．He was physically and mentally injured in the war． B．His hometown was ruined by the war． C．He joined the army through strict tests． D．He joined the army after he left university． A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The arm would continue...diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder．”可知，尼尔森在战争中身心都受到了创伤。] 5．Why did Nelson and Elders develop a friendship? A．They both felt sad and lonely． B．They lived in the same place． C．They shared a common war experience． D．They had helped each other during the war． C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The war in the Pacific is a common bond．”可知，两人结下友谊是因为有共同的战争经历。] 6．We can learn from paragraph 5 that the two friends ________． A．started a successful business B．were devoted to contributing to the society C．visited Iwo Jima together after the war D．supported young people to join the army B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The two men later worked together to serve...to the Wounded Warrior Project．”和“Elders sent the gift...and Memorial Park．”可知，两人致力于为社会做贡献。] 7．What does the text mainly talk about? A．How people tried to survive the war． B．The meaning of peace for ordinary people． C．Two soldiers' touching friendship during wartime． D．Two old soldiers' life experiences and friendship． D　[文章大意题。本文讲述了两位老兵因共同的战争经历成为朋友并共同为社会做贡献的一系列人生经历。] C “After taking off the tape and glue and smoothing out the creases (折痕) across the pages，the near hundred-year-old letters and martyr's certificate (烈士证) were restored，” said Chen Hezhen，a 71-year-old grandmother from Ningbo，Zhejiang． On Nov．13，she received the restored memorial papers left by her father，who lost his life on the battlefield when she was only 1 year old．She was grateful to a group of college students from Ningbo University of Finance & Economics (NUFE)，who helped bring her precious memory to life． Repairing relics (遗物) left by martyrs is a part of NUFE's social practice project．Since June，these young people have helped restore letters and other documents and returned them to families of revolutionary martyrs． “When we visited martyrs' families，we heard many inspiring stories and were touched by those late soldiers，” said Wang Yiqun，21，the project's leader．“Their family members have saved their letters in memory of them．But we've found that those objects have different degrees of damage，so we want to do something to help them．” However，it isn't easy to restore these relics．Pan Yi，22，one young restorer，stared at a damaged page of a martyr's letter with tape．For days，she worked to separate the tape and paper safely．Her teacher helped her make a special spray (喷剂)，which could help remove the tape little by little．After that，Pan carefully checked the holes and worn-out margins (页边)．She then stuck paper made of the same material over the damaged area with a brush full of special paste． “I need to be especially careful and patient because the process can take a few weeks just to repair a single page，” said Pan．“What motivates us is our faith － those old papers carrying the spirit of undaunted heroes who never gave in when facing great difficulties．We need to repair them as they were before．” Now，these students are preparing to hold an exhibition of restored relics，sharing their stories with more people．“Repairing a martyr's certificate requires more than mastering basic repairing skills．It's important to fully understand the story behind the original text，”said Cao Ming，their tutor． “I'm proud of our students because they can apply what they've learned to help families of martyrs and spread the heroic stories in a more vivid way．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。一群大学生组团修复烈士遗物，用行动诠释“传承是最好的纪念”。 8．What can we infer from the first two paragraphs? A．Chen has clear memory about his late father． B．Chen was only one year old when the war broke out． C．Chen was glad to see his father's martyr's certificate with glue． D．Chen appreciated the efforts of the college students from NUFE． D　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“She was grateful to a group of college students from Ningbo University of Finance & Economics (NUFE)，who helped bring her precious memory to life．”可知，Chen很感谢宁波财经大学的一群大学生，因为他们帮忙修复了她父亲的烈士证明。故选D项。] 9．Which of the following best describes students' job around relics? A．Dull．　　　　 B．Demanding． C．Dangerous． D．Disturbing． B　[细节理解题。根据第五段中“However，it isn't easy to restore these relics．(然而，要修复这些遗物并不容易。)”及第六段中“I need to be especially careful and patient because the process can take a few weeks just to repair a single page(我需要特别地小心和有耐心，因为修复一个页面的过程可能需要几个星期)”可知，修复遗物的工作是要求高的。故选B项。] 10．What does the underlined word “undaunted” mean in paragraph 6? A．Astonishing． B．Fearless． C．Convincing． D．Humble． B　[词义猜测题。画线词后“who never gave in when facing great difficulties(面对巨大的困难从不屈服)”是定语从句，修饰先行词undaunted heroes。由此推知，英雄们是勇敢的、无畏的，画线词undaunted与fearless意思接近。故选B项。] 11．What can be the best title for the text? A．Beautify the Martyrs' Certificates B．Master Basic Skills of Repair C．Restore the Relics of Martyrs D．Help the Martyrs' Families C　[标题归纳题。本文首段是主题段落，根据第一段中“After taking off the tape and glue and smoothing out the creases across the pages，the near hundred-year-old letters and martyr's certificate were restored(在取下胶带和胶水，抚平书页上的折痕后，这些近百年的信件和烈士证被还原了)”及下文介绍可知，本文围绕修复烈士遗物展开。由此可知，Restore the Relics of Martyrs(修复烈士的遗物)是本文最佳标题。故选C项。] D Concerns about the environment and climate change have never been more heightened．Though some may choose to ignore these important issues，others are inspired to act on behalf of the planet's well-being．One privately funded company called Earth 300 seeks to lead the charge on finding solutions to the most serious issues of our time．They hope to create a center for cutting-edge scientific research at sea by inviting the world's most forward-thinking scientists and pioneers to start research voyages(航行) in a 984-foot nuclear-powered super ship． “We are living at a critical moment in human history，facing the greatest challenge since the dawn of man－climate change，” says Aaron Olivera，the CEO of Earth 300．“So our goal is to ring the climate alarm globally and develop a new brand of leaders who will support a new economic and ecological vision(愿景) for the world．” The ship shares the same name as the company．To promote the aims of Earth 300's noble mission，the ship will be equipped with 22 best labs filled with the latest technology．It will host research on energy independence，water and food security，climate disasters，and other important areas of global concern． In addition to 160 of the world's leading scientists，the ship will also welcome 20 experts from other fields－business managers，economists，engineers，explorers，and artists－20 students，and 40 VIP guests on each voyage．The ship will have features found on many different types of ships，including cruise ships，expedition and research ships，and luxury yachts．However，Earth 300 fails to be placed into any one of those types． The super ship will be powered by a type of nuclear(核能的) power that is considered to be a safe and sustainable(可持续的) form of clean energy．In addition，it will house a number of underwater ships to aid in any deep-sea studies．Already backed by several well-known partners－including IBM，NED-Project，and RINA－Earth 300 is expected to launch its first voyage by 2026． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Earth 300公司为应对气候变化，计划建立海上研究中心，开展大型科考航行。 12．What is the company Earth 300 planning to do? A．Organize an around-the-world trip． B．Fund new scientific research． C．Build a research center at sea． D．Study the use of nuclear power． C　[细节理解题。根据第一段末句可知，Earth 300公司准备建立一个前沿的海上科研中心。故选C。] 13．What is the aim of the project Earth 300? A．To set a new standard for the world． B．To draw global attention to climate change． C．To select a new head of the company． D．To develop a type of sustainable energy． B　[细节理解题。根据第二段末句可知，Earth 300项目的目的是唤起对全球对气候变化的重视，敲响气候问题的警钟。故选B。] 14．What can be inferred about the super ship? A．It'll be environmentally friendly． B．It'll be the first nuclear-powered ship． C．It'll be classed as a research ship． D．It'll explore underwater for new energy． A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段首句可知，这艘超级船将以安全且可持续的核能作为动力，因此它是环保的。故选A。] 15．How does the author feel about the ship Earth 300? A．Concerned． B．Doubtful． C．Confused． D．Positive． D　[观点态度题。通读全文尤其是最后一段内容可知，作者在文中主要介绍了这艘船的优点，因此作者对这艘船持积极的态度。故选D。] 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wakeful Rest When many students finish studying，they often go straight to another activity． 16 Some might even play a video game or watch television．But research suggests that resting after your study may be a both no-cost and effective way to help you remember what you have studied and improve your learning． 17 Resting is difficult when you have too much stimulation(刺激) from electronic devices，lights and so on．While this might sound unusual to you，many studies have explored benefits of resting after learning－what is called “wakeful rest”．A study examined how well old people in good health could remember certain words，from which researchers found old adults who rested for 10 minutes after learning had better memory．“A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning improves free recall，”the researchers wrote． 18 Another study found that both young and old adults were able to better remember，or recollect，information from given passages after doing wakeful rest．The findings appeared in Neuroscience Letters． 19 “Wakeful rest led to higher overall recollection in both age groups，” the researchers noted．They thought wakeful rest allows for superior memory consolidation(巩固)，resulting in stronger representations of experienced events which can be discovered by tests of free recall and recognition． 20 Rest quietly for five to ten minutes．Do not look at your phone，read stories or play games．Just limit the amount of stimulation you get．It is really that easy! A．Such an activity promotes good health． B．Perhaps they look at their phone or go online． C．The results were strong even after seven days，they added． D．This study involved 45 young people and 40 elderly adults． E．If you want to give “wakeful rest” a try，here are a few simple things to do． F．Working long hours can greatly increase the risk of suffering injury or illness，a study says． G．The basic idea is that your brain gets a chance to rest by reducing your activity after the study． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清醒式休息的原因、好处及做法。 16．B　[根据上文“When many students finish studying，they often go straight to another activity．(当许多学生完成学习后，他们经常直接去参加另一项活动。)”和下文“Some might even play a video game or watch television．(有些人甚至会玩电子游戏或者看电视。)”可推知，空白处应该是承接上文，讲述学生可能会做什么活动。选项B“Perhaps they look at their phone or go online．(也许他们看手机或者上网。)”符合题意，故选B。] 17．G　[根据第一段最后一句“But research suggests that resting after your study may be a both no-cost and effective way to help you remember what you have studied and improve your learning．(但研究表明，在学习之后休息一下，可能是一种既免费又有效的方式，帮助你记住所学的知识，提高学习效率。)”和下文 “Resting is difficult when you have too much stimulation from electronic devices，lights and so on．(当有来自电子设备、灯等太多的刺激时，你的休息是困难的。)”可知，空白处的内容应是这种休息的方式的基本要求是什么。选项G“The basic idea is that your brain gets a chance to rest by reducing your activity after the study．(基本思想是，学习结束后，通过减少活动，你的大脑有机会得到休息。)”与文意相符，故选G。] 18．C　[根据上文“‘A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning improves free recall，’the researchers wrote．(研究人员写道：‘新的学习后立即进行一段时间的清醒休息，可以提高自由回忆能力。’)”可知，此处提到了学习活动后休息的好处。所以接下来的空白处的内容应同样为研究人员对这种好处的描述。选项C“The results were strong even after seven days，they added．(他们补充说，即使在七天后，效果也是明显的。)”与前文意思相承接，符合题意，故选C。] 19．D　[根据下文“‘Wakeful rest led to higher overall recollection in both age groups，’ the researchers noted．(研究者指出：在这两个年龄组中，清醒的休息导致了更高效的总体回忆。)”中的“both age groups”可以看出，在这之前应是讲述了研究中参与的两种人群。选项D“This study involved 45 young people and 40 elderly adults．(这项研究包括45名年轻人和40名老年人。)”与文意相符，故选D。] 20．E　[根据下文“Rest quietly for five to ten minutes．Do not look at your phone，read stories or play games．Just limit the amount of stimulation you get．It is really that easy！(安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看手机，不要看故事，不要玩游戏。只要限制你收到的刺激的量。真的那么简单！)”可知，此处讲述了一些具体的休息的做法。因而空白处应是总说性的表述。选项E“If you want to give 'wakeful rest' a try，here are a few simple things to do．(如果你想试一试清醒式休息，这里有一些简单的事情要做。)”符合语境，故选E。] 第二部分　语言运用 第一节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My dad was a self-taught mandolin player．He was one of the best string instrument players in our town．He could not 21 music，but if he heard a tune a few times，he could play it． Occasionally，my dad would get out his mandolin and play for the family．We three children: Trisha，Monte and I，George Jr，would often sing 22 with the tunes．He seemed to 23 when he was playing．He was always there， 24 his time and efforts to see that his family had enough in their life．I had to mature into a man and have 25 of my own before I realized how much he had sacrificed． When my dad was younger，he once worked for Todd Steel in Point of Rocks，Maryland．One day，while working at Todd Steel，he was 26 in an accident．He got the third index finger of his left hand mashed between two pieces of steel and 27 having the tip of the finger amputated．He didn't lose enough of the finger where it would stop him picking up anything，but it did 28 his ability to play the mandolin． After the accident，my dad was 29 to play the mandolin．He felt that he could not play as well as he had before the accident．Whenever I asked him to play，he would make 30 ．Eventually，we would wear him 31 and he would say，“Okay，but remember，I can't hold down on the strings the way I used to．” When he played the old mandolin，it would 32 us to a cheerful，happier time in our lives． In August of 1993，my dad was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer．About a week before his death，we asked dad if he would play the mandolin for us．He made excuses as usual but said “okay”．He tuned up the old mandolin and played a few notes．We listened quietly，tears blurring our 33 ．We felt at the time that he wouldn't have enough 34 to play，and that made the memory of that day even stronger．My dad was doing something he had done all his life－ 35 ．Sick though he was，he was still pleasing others．Dad sure could play that Mandolin! 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲常常在家人面前弹奏曼陀林。在一场事故中父亲的一节食指受损，从此再也不弹奏曼陀林。但是在因癌症去世的前一周，父亲最后一次弹奏了曼陀林。 21．A．hear　　　 B．compose C．read D．appreciate C　[考查动词。根据后文“but if he heard a tune a few times，he could play it”可知，作者的父亲不识谱，但是听过几次旋律就会弹奏。故选C。] 22．A．along B．to C．with D．against A　[考查介词。根据前文“Occasionally，my dad would get out his mandolin and play for the family．”可知，父亲在弹奏曼陀林时，我们几个孩子会跟着曲子合唱。故选A。] 23．A．glare B．explode C．shine D．flame C　[考查动词。根据前文“He was one of the best string instrument players in our town．”可知，作者认为父亲是最好的弦乐器弹奏者之一，所以父亲在弹奏时，作者感觉他光芒四射。故选C。] 24．A．sacrificing B．engaging C．contributing D．investing A　[考查动词。 根据后文“how much he had sacrificed”可知，父亲牺牲自己的时间和精力，让家人有更好的生活。故选A。] 25．A．children B．sons C．daughters D．grandchildren A　[考查名词。句意：我长大成人，有了自己的孩子，才意识到父亲(为我们)牺牲了多少。故选A。] 26．A．stuck B．involved C．absorbed D．lost B　[考查动词。根据后文“He got the third index finger of his left hand mashed between two pieces of steel”可知，作者的父亲遭遇了一次事故。be involved in“卷入，牵涉”。故选B。] 27．A．took up B．picked up C．stepped up D．ended up D　[考查动词短语。根据空前“He got the third index finger of his left hand mashed between two pieces of steel”可知，因为作者的父亲左手食指第三节被两片钢片压碎，最终使他的食指指尖被截掉了。故选D。] 28．A．destroy B．remove C．improve D．impact D　[考查动词。根据前文“having the tip of the finger amputated”可知，因为父亲食指的指尖被截掉了，所以这影响了他弹奏曼陀林的能力。故选D。] 29．A．relieved B．reluctant C．regretful D．responsible B　[考查形容词。根据后文“He felt that he could not play as well as he had before the accident．”可知，出事故后，父亲不愿意弹奏曼陀林了。故选B。] 30．A．adjustments B．denials C．excuses D．refusals C　[考查名词。根据前文“He felt that he could not play as well as he had before the accident．”和后文“He made excuses as usual”可知，因为父亲感觉自己弹奏得不如以前好了，所以作者让父亲弹奏曼陀林时，父亲总是找借口。故选C。] 31．A．down B．away C．off D．out A　[考查副词。 前文说父亲拒绝弹奏曼陀林，此处需用动词短语wear sb．down“使某人妥协”，表示作者他们让父亲妥协了，最后答应再次弹奏曼陀林。故选A。] 32．A． transform B．transport C．transfer D．transmit B　[考查动词。根据空后“us to a cheerful, happier time in our lives”可知，此处指父亲在弹奏曼陀林时，会让作者他们感觉置身于生活中愉快、更幸福的时光。故选B。] 33．A．vision B．mood C．version D．consciousness A　[考查名词。句意：我们静静地听着，泪水模糊了我们的视线。根据空前“tears blurring”可知，此处指泪水模糊了视线。故选A。] 34．A．focus B．motivation C．courage D．strength D　[考查名词。根据本段第一句“In August of 1993，my dad was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer．”可知，因为父亲得了肺癌，所以作者他们认为父亲没有足够的力气弹奏曼陀林。故选D。] 35．A．taking B．playing C．giving D．concentrating C　[考查动词-ing形式。根据后文“Sick though he was，he was still pleasing others．”可知，父亲虽然病了，还是想着给予孩子们想要的。由此可知，父亲一辈子都在做的事情——给予。故选C。] 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A crater on Mercury sat quietly for millions of years．Surprisingly，it acquired a name－Li Ch'ing-Chao，after a Chinese female poet Li Qingzhao． What did she do to deserve such 36．________ honor？37．________(compare) with other male poets in China，38．________ have left hundreds or even thousands of poems，she has only eighty-seven．39．________，her artistic creativity in her 40．______(exist) works has earned her a permanent place in the Chinese literary circle． She grew up in a 41．________(relative) relaxed atmosphere but her maiden(少女) days were so limited that the regret could be felt in her poem：“But don't you know? Oh don't you know？The red should languish and the green must grow．” The arrival and disappearance of spring is one of the most frequent themes in Chinese poetry．Li had two marriages．The first ended up her being abandoned during the war．42．________(bad) still，she suffered physical abuse from her second husband．Bravely she charged him at the court and got the 43．________(permit) to divorce． In the final stage of her life，even 44．________ no one to rely on，she never gave up hope and created many literary works that 45．________(leave) for generations to appreciate to date． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章提到了水星上一个以中国著名女词人李清照的名字命名的环形山，并且对李清照的一生进行了简要的介绍。 36．an　[考查不定冠词。 此处的honor意为“荣誉”，表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且honor的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。] 37．Compared　[考查非谓语动词。此处是固定短语compared with “与……相比”，在句中作状语。] 38．who　[考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰表示人的先行词other male poets，所以填who。] 39．However　[考查副词。前一句表述和其他遗作几百甚至几千首的中国男性诗人相比，她只有八十七首诗，并结合空后的内容可知，此处前后形成转折，且修饰整个句子。空处位于句首，首字母大写。所以填However。] 40．existing　[考查词性转换。 分析句子结构可知，此处应是形容词修饰名词works，所以填existing“现存的”。] 41．relatively　[考查词性转换。 分析句子结构可知，空处修饰形容词relaxed，应用副词形式，所以填relatively。] 42．Worse　[考查副词的比较级。worse still意为“更糟糕的是”，是固定用法，符合语境，且空处位于句首，首字母大写。所以填Worse。] 43．permission　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处应为名词，作动词got的宾语，其前的冠词the对其起限定作用，所以填permission。] 44．with　[考查介词。 此处表示尽管没有人可以依靠，为with复合结构，故用介词with。] 45．have been left　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句的谓语，关系代词that是从句的主语，指代many literary works，且空处与主语that构成被动关系，故用被动语态，再根据时间状语to date可知，应用现在完成时，又因主语是复数形式，所以填have been left。] 第三部分　写作 第一节 假设你是李华。你的英国朋友Jim发来邮件，请你介绍中国历史人物郑和。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1．郑和的主要贡献； 2．郑和对你的影响。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim， ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Jim， I'm very glad to hear from you．In your letter，you told me that you show great interest in Zheng He． In order to develop trade and friendship between China and other countries，Zheng He spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries．As a result，China's economy developed faster and was known by more people in the world．From Zheng He，I understand the importance of trying．Whenever I am faced with challenges，I will think of him and keep on． Hope you can learn more from Zheng He． Yours， Li Hua 第二节 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Soapy is a twenty-four-pound rabbit．People look surprised when they first touch him and remark how soft he is．I've noticed he seems to make everyone who meets him a little softer，too．So when I started to work as a volunteer in the community，I decided to take him with me as a therapy (疗法) animal． One day，Soapy and I visited a shelter for women who had suffered from violence．The women in the shelter all looked at me in low spirits．No one smiled a greeting．One little girl in particular caught my attention．Never raising her eyes，never seeking help，she wandered in and out of the gathered group．The staff informed me that the little girl，named Alice，had been there for over a month and had not spoken the entire time．Nothing they tried had any effect．I didn't want to imagine what would have happened to rob this little girl of the curiosity and enthusiasm so natural to childhood． Spreading a blanket on the floor，I sat down and opened Soapy's carrier．As the women circled around me, I told the group that Soapy would come to them if they sat on the blanket．Several women did this，including Alice．In a short time，Soapy emerged from his carrier and slowly jumped from one woman to another．After touching Soapy，these women looked down and smiled softly．Soapy continued his rounds，and the women gradually began to talk about Soapy and I chatted with them as I kept one eye on Alice．She sat rigidly at the edge of the blanket and legs held out straight in front of her．She was staring hard at Soapy．It appeared that Soapy kept making eye contact with her，too．He would jump from person to person，each visit taking him closer to her．I began to wonder if he was stopping to give her time to watch him．I looked at her again．She sat there nervously，just staring． 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Finally Soapy came to a stop when he was about two inches from Alice's legs． ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Days later，I revisited the shelter with Soapy，surprised to find Alice even happier than before．________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Finally Soapy came to a stop when he was about two inches from Alice's legs．He quietly laid his chin on her knee．The child slowly leaned toward him．When her face was within inches of his，she carefully reached out and circled him with her arms．Folded around the rabbit，she pillowed her head on his back and whispered to him．I looked up and noticed that the shelter workers had stopped talking．Time seemed to slow down．The rigidity of her back relaxed，and her shoulders rounded into a comfortable slope． Days later，I revisited the shelter with Soapy，surprised to find Alice even happier than before．She wrapped Soapy in a big hug and pressed her face against him．He reached out his head again and laid it on the child's shoulder．As she turned away，I thought I saw the beginnings of a faint smile．The rabbit in his cloud of soft，warm fur had touched something deep in the child－something that had died from too many hard experiences．It seems the language of the heart is simple after all． 23/24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$