03 UNIT 1 Wish you were here Period 3 语言知识讲练-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步讲义(译林版2020)

Period 3　 语言知识讲练(Reading) 1．distinct adj．截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 [例]The fact that he didn't speak a foreign language put him at a distinct disadvantage． 他不说外语这一事实使他处于明显的不利地位。 (1)be distinct from 与……不同 (2)distinction n． 区别；差别 make/draw a distinction between...and... 区分……和…… (3)distinctly adv． 明显地；显然地；清楚地 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We hope the related countries can respect facts and make a clear distinction (distinct) between right and wrong． ②这两个组的学习方法差别相当大。 The learning methods of the two groups are quite distinct from each other． 2．apart from除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是 [例]Apart from their house in London，they also have a villa in Spain． 他们除了在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。 (1)apart from既可以表示包含意义，也可以表示排除意义；相当于besides，in addition to，也相当于except for。 (2)apart相关短语： take sth．apart　 将……拆开 tell...apart 把……区分/辨别开 [即学即练]　完成句子 ①他能把自行车拆开，并使它恢复原状。 He can take a bicycle apart and put it back again． ②这对双胞胎看起来如此相像以至于你几乎不能把他们区分开。 The twins look so much alike that you can hardly tell them apart． 3．minority n．少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人 [例]Only a small minority of teenagers are interested in the sport these days． 目前，只有极少数青少年对这项运动感兴趣。 (1)a/the minority of 少数…… in the/a minority 占少数 (2)majority n． 大多数；大部分 a/the majority of 大多数…… in the/a majority 占多数 (3)minor adj． 次要的；较小的 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The minority(minor) of the children wanted a dance，but the majority chose a picnic． ②Only a minority of the witnesses were willing to unfold the truth of the accident to the police． ③女性在会议上占多数并不足为奇。 It comes as no surprise that women are in the/a majority at the meeting． 4．come as no surprise 不足为奇，毫不奇怪 [例]Mr Pan's complaint will come as no surprise to his competitors． 潘先生的投诉将在竞争对手的意料之中。 in surprise 惊奇地 to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 by surprise 出其不意地 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Paul looked at the boy in surprise，and then he said，“Would you like to take a ride in my car？” ②The armed forces seem to have been taken by surprise by the ferocity of the attack． ③To his surprise，he saw potatoes and bread in front of him． 5．depth n．最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚 [例]I found it hard to understand the depth of her love for her children． 我发现很难理解她对孩子们的爱有多深。 (1)the/a depth of... ……的深度 in depth 深入地；详细地；全面地 at a depth of 在……深处 (2)deep into the night 直至深夜 deep in thought 陷入沉思 (3)deepen vt． 加强；增长(知识) [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He did not get a chance to deepen(deep) his knowledge of Poland． ②他曾一度双手抱头休息，陷入沉思。 He had been resting his head in his hands，deep in thought． ③水甚至在三十英尺深的地方被发现。 Water was found even at a depth of thirty feet． 1．全部倒装句 (教材P2)To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains，which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water． 太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川水流侵蚀而成的深谷。 [句式分析]　本句是一个全部倒装句，介词短语to the east of the Pacific coast置于句首，句子用全部倒装，谓语动词rise提前。 [例1]In front of the teaching building stand two big trees，which add to the beauty of our schoolyard． 在教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树，它们使得我们的校园更加美丽了。 [例2]At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake． 山脚下有一个美丽的湖泊。 (1)there，here，now，then置于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装； (2)为了描述的生动性，有些表示方向或处所的副词(如down，up，out，in，off，on，away等)可以移到句首。 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①There comes (come) our bus． ②在这座雄伟的高山脚下，坐落着一个有1 000多年历史的小村庄。 At the foot of the mighty mountain lies a small village with a history of more than 1，000 years． ③当铃响时，同学们冲了出去。 Out rushed the students when the bell rang． 2．given作介词 (教材P3)Given these cultural differences，it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002． 考虑到这些文化差异，加拿大自2002年起就一直在庆祝多元文化日也就不足为奇了。 [句式分析]　本句中的given＝considering，作介词，意为“鉴于，考虑到”。 [例1]Given his age(＝Considering how old he is)，he's remarkably active． 考虑到他的年龄，他已是相当有活力的了。 [例2]Given her interest in children，teaching seems the right job for her． 考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是适合她的工作。 given that作连词，意为“考虑到”，引导状语从句。与此有类似用法的连词还有： provided/providing (that) 倘若 supposing (that) 假使 considering 考虑到 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Considering/Given the restrictions under which she filmed，I think she did a commendable job． ②倘若你账户里有足够多的钱，你最多可以每天取100元。 Provided/Providing (that) you have enough money in your account，you can withdraw up to 100 yuan a day． ③假使没有纯净的水，我们将喝什么？ Supposing (that) there is no pure water，what shall we drink? Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．Since its establishment (establish) in 1945，the United Nations has played a dominant role in the development of international law． 2．I distinctly (distinct) heard someone calling me when I was walking in the street． 3．He's one of the most dynamically (dynamic) imaginative jazz pianists of our time． 4．I have heard him tell people that we get along splendidly (splendid)． 5．They were to meet at a given (give) time and place． 6．A minority (minor) is a group of people of the same race，culture，or religion who live in a place where most of the people around them are of a different race，culture，or religion． 7．It is reported that the smaller lake ranges from five to fourteen feet in depth (deep)． 8．Joe remained immobile，as if he had been carved (carve) out of stone． 9．Apart from my host，I didn't know a single person there． 10．He quickly unfolded (unfold) the blankets and spread them on the bed last night． Ⅱ．完成句子 1．每年都有很多游客来西湖游玩，学生占大多数。(majority) Every year many tourists visit the West Lake with students in a/the majority． 2．在夏天，西湖被许多盛开的花朵和绿树环绕着，看起来特别漂亮。(with＋宾语＋宾补) With many blooming flowers and green trees surrounding it，the West Lake looks very beautiful in summer． 3．除了它美丽的自然风光外，它还有许多著名的人文景观。(apart from) Apart from its beautiful natural scenery，it also has many famous human landscapes． 4．在这些景观中，坐落着一座著名的塔叫雷峰塔。(全部倒装) Among the landscapes lies a famous tower called Leifeng Pagoda． 5．旅游业促进了当地经济的发展，反过来，经济的繁荣又有利于旅游业。(in turn) Tourism promotes the development of local economy，and in turn，the boom in the economy benefits the tourism． Ⅲ．课文语法填空 Canada is a broad and beautiful country 1．stretching(stretch) from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and it is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world． It 2．consists(consist) of ten provinces and three territories．The grand Rocky Mountains rise to the east of the Pacific coast，3．which are home to high peaks and deep valleys．The mighty Niagara Falls is its unique scenic spot．It is thought that some earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait to Canada．Europeans started to settle in the eastern provinces centuries ago．About one 4．fifth(five) population is foreign-born．You can participate in the 5．celebrations(celebration) of the Chinese New Year in Vancouver or take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden．You can sample French food and see the 6．original(origin) buildings in the French style of architecture in Montreal．You can dance 7．to fiddle tunes and enjoy the cultures and traditions of Celtic settlers on Cape Breton Island． Canada is 8．a unique place to live in and visit，which has been 9．Consistently (consistent) ranked as one of the best 10．countries(country) to live in． 课时分层作业(一) Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．For a small state it has a large urban (城市的) population． 2．The hotel restaurant is noted for its excellent cuisine (菜肴，饭菜)． 3．His voice was quiet but every word was distinct (清晰的，清楚的)． 4．He seemed a dynamic (充满活力的) and energetic leader． 5．The audience watched as the story unfolded(展示，展现) before their eyes． Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．It is more splendid with the blooming(bloom) flowers and green fields around in spring． 2．Their ancestors chose to settle in/into the valley after crossing the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge from Siberia． 3．Given/Considering his age，the company allowed him to retire from his job and return home to relax． 4．It comes as no surprise to find that healthier people are happier than those who aren't as healthy． 5．With the world becoming a global village，I find it necessary to have a good command of English． Ⅲ．阅读理解 A Canadians are blessed with an abundance of natural wonders with enough lakes，mountains and rivers to explore for a lifetime．We've also got some of the most awesome waterfalls on Earth． Pissing Mare Falls－Gros Morne National Park，Newfoundland and Labrador Pissing Mare Falls may have a funny sounding name but they're no joke: in fact，they're one of the highest waterfalls in Canada．Located in the beautiful Gros Morne National Park，the falls are only accessible by boat． Takakkaw Falls－Yoho National Park，British Columbia Takakkaw translated from Cree loosely means “the magnificent”，and it's a suitable word for the second-highest waterfalls in Canada．After a steep drive up a winding road，these falls are only a short hike from the parking lot along a wheelchair accessible path． Niagara Falls－Ontario Niagara Falls are the most famous waterfalls in Canada．Actually they are made up of three different falls－the Horseshoe Falls，the most powerful waterfall in North America，are the only one located on the Canadian side．Melted glaciers formed the falls thousands of years ago and the beautiful green color is due to dissolved salt and finely ground(磨细的)rock． Bridal Veil Falls－Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park，British Columbia Pretty and delicate，Bridal Veil Falls are located just east of Chilliwack，British Columbia，and really look like a bride with a beautiful veil(面 纱)，with water gently pouring over smooth rock．An easy 15-minute walk to the falls takes you through rich leaves．Picnic tables are available，and there are lots of opportunities for viewing wildlife along the way． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了加拿大四处令人惊叹的瀑布。 1．Where are Pissing Mare Falls? A．Near British Columbia． B．In a beautiful park． C．On the highest mountain in Canada． D．In Ontario． B　[细节理解题。根据Pissing Mare Falls最后一句“Located in the beautiful Gros Morne National Park，the falls are only accessible by boat．”可知，Pissing Mare瀑布位于美丽的格罗斯莫恩国家公园。故选B。] 2．How did Niagara Falls come into being? A．They remains a mystery． B．They originated from several rivers． C．They were formed by the melted glaciers． D．They were made by dissolved salt and finely ground rock． C　[细节理解题。根据Niagara Falls最后一句“Melted glaciers formed the falls thousands of years ago and...”可知，尼亚加拉瀑布是由融化的冰川形成的。故选C。] 3．What can you do in Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park? A．Hunting wildlife． B．Having a picnic． C．Collecting salt． D．Buying veils． B　[细节理解题。 根据Bridal Veil Falls最后一句“Picnic tables are available，and there are lots of opportunities for viewing wildlife along the way．”可知，在Bridal Veil瀑布，你可以去野餐。故选B。] B Since I was born and brought up in a rural town，I have a great interest in nature．Using the chance of studying abroad in my second year at college，I decided to go to Canada just because I wanted to see the beautiful phenomena there．So after I finished the study，I went to Yellowknife in the Northwest．I clearly remember the sixth night in Yellowknife．Suddenly my host mother came to my room around 8 p.m. and told me to change clothes and go outside quickly carrying her camera． The northern lights were flickering(闪烁) in the sky！I was amazed and just stood there with my mouth open．I forgot to take pictures of the mysterious lights． Since that night，whenever it was sunny，I went outside at night and looked at the sky．It was so cold that my hands and feet were numb with cold．Actually，the time of my being able to be out was limited．I had to bring her camera back to the house in one hour at the most，for the camera was going to be broken because of the cold temperature． As I took pictures of the northern lights，I came to find a characteristic movement of the lights．They first appear in the north part of the sky and then they gradually come down to the south．After that，suddenly，they come in the middle of the north and south only for a while，which is the time when the best northern lights can be seen．Since it is only a few seconds for the northern lights to come down to the middle of the sky，it is very hard to get good pictures． The stronger the sun acts，the better and stronger northern lights flicker in the sky．That's because they occur from the collision(碰撞)between atmospheric gases and solar wind．Much more solar wind comes to the earth when the sun is active，leading to the best northern lights． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者记述了自己在加拿大的耶洛奈夫的观看极光之旅。 4．Why did the author forget to take pictures? A．It was freezing cold outside． B．He was shocked by the wonderful sights． C．The lights were flickering in the sky． D．He lost all his feeling in his hands and feet． B　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者被北极光的美景所震撼，因此忘记了拍照。故选B。] 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．The northern lights came out every night． B．The author took lots of pictures with his camera． C．The author could stay as long as he liked outdoors． D．Cameras will be damaged if exposed too long to coldness． D　[推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，相机长时间暴露在低温环境下会受损。故选D。] 6．When is the best time to see the northern lights? A．They appear in the north part of the sky． B．They rise in the east and set in the west． C．They are between the north and south． D．They come down to the south part of the sky． C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“After that，suddenly，they come in the middle of the north and south only for a while，which is the time when the best northern lights can be seen．”可知，当北极光位于北部和南部中间时为最佳观看时间。故选C。] 7．Why is it hard for the author to take good pictures? A．The lights stay in the middle for a very short time． B．The lights of the sun affect the northern lights． C．The lights are caused by the collisions of gases． D．The colours of the lights are determined by the height． A　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，因为北极光停留在天空中央的时间很短，因此很难拍到好看的照片。故选A。] Ⅳ．阅读七选五 Nowadays，more and more people enjoy traveling at home and abroad．When we start traveling，we can gain plenty of things from exploring different places． 1 Firstly，traveling can broaden our horizons during exploring new places． 2 This gives us the opportunity to see issues and daily life challenges from a distinct angle． Secondly，when traveling，we will have many conversations with all kinds of people in various languages． 3 Plus，we may meet with some difficult situations that don't happen in our daily life．By dealing with such difficulties，we can understand ourselves better and prepare us for future similar ones．Apart from these，as a saying goes，a bosom friend (知己)afar brings a distant land near． 4 Friends will not only help us in many ways but also make us more mature． Planning traveling carefully may help us better enjoy the benefits，especially for those taking medications for a disease．Carry pills along，and they can help avoid unnecessary discomfort． 5 A checklist can be helpful so that we can keep healthy while traveling． Remember，we only live once，so start traveling to different places and get some life-changing experiences． A．Plan tours in advance． B．It helps us master languages． C．This time let's talk about its benefits． D．We have to step out of our comfort zone． E．We can make many new friends on the road． F．Plan a tour to a new city with an open schedule． G．Traveling abroad connects us with different cultures． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行的好处。 1．C　[根据上一句“When we start traveling，we can gain plenty of things from exploring different places．”可知，本段说明在旅行中我们可以收获很多。C项“这次，让我们来谈谈它的好处”符合语境，承接上文，且C项中的“benefits”与上一句中“gain plenty of things”意义一致。] 2．D　[根据上一句“Firstly，traveling can broaden our horizons during exploring new places．”可知，旅行能探索新事物，拓宽我们的视野； 根据下一句“This gives us the opportunity to see issues and daily life challenges from a distinct angle．”可知，旅行可以让我们用新的角度看问题。结合语境，D项“我们必须走出舒适区”符合语境，承上启下，走出舒适区，迎接新事物。] 3．B　[根据上一句“Secondly，when traveling，we will have many conversations with all kinds of people in various languages．”可知，旅行时我们会与各种不同语言的人交流。因此B项“它会帮助我们掌握语言”符合语境，承接上文，B项中“master languages”与上一句中的“various languages”相呼应。] 4．E　[根据上一句“Apart from these，as a saying goes，a bosom friend afar brings a distant land near．”可知，旅行时可以交到朋友。因此E项“我们在路上可以交许多新朋友”承上启下，符合语境。] 5．A　[根据该段前面内容可知，此处说明旅行计划很重要。因此A项“提前计划旅行”符合语境，“Plan tours”与该段首句中“Planning traveling”意义一致。] 11/11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$