17 UNIT 3 Back to the past Period 3 语言知识讲练-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课件(译林版2020)

Period 3　 UNIT 3　Back to the past 主题语境 人与自然 —— 重大政治、历史事件、文化渊源 [例]I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor． 我一直试图劝他去看病。 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading) 1．convince vt．使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 Period 3 (1)convince sb．of sth．/that... 使某人相信某事 convince sb．to do sth． 劝说/说服某人做某事 (2)convinced adj． 坚定不移的；确信的 be convinced of sth．/that... 确信某事 (3)convincing adj． 令人信服的；有说服力的 a convincing victory/win 令人折服的获胜 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①I convinced him __________(change) his mind． ②I am _________(convince) that he is telling the truth． ③There is now a __________(convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer． ④I convinced him of her honesty． ＝I convinced him _________________．(that从句) to change convinced convincing that she was honest 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]Even though I have a load of/loads of schoolwork to do，I'll spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic． 尽管我有许多学校作业要做，我还是会花一些空闲时间锻炼以便我能保持健康和精力充沛。 2．load vt．& vi．装上，装入 n．负载；承载量；大量 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1) take a load off one's mind 卸下心中的重担；如释重负 a load of＝loads of 许多 (2) load...with sth．＝be loaded with sth． 用某物装…… load sth．into/onto... 把某物装入…… 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In the first pass all the addresses are loaded ____ the database． ②Thirty-six trucks were loaded _____ some 100 tons of dried milk and bandages． ③《青春》为我们提供了鼓舞人心的文章，通过这些文章我们可以和朋友交流感情，卸下心头的负担。 Youth provides us with inspiring articles，through which we can exchange our feelings with friends，and _____________________． into with take a load off our minds 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，and do exercise to strengthen your leg muscles． 为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，进行身体锻炼来增强你的腿部肌肉。 3．strengthen vt．& vi．加强，增强 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 strength n． 力气，体力；强项，优势 have the strength to do sth． 有做某事的力气 build up one's strength 恢复体力 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　补全句子 ①She ____________________________(没有力气走路) any further last night． ②It may take a few weeks for you to ____________________(恢复你的体力) again． didn't have the strength to walk build up your strength 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]He is widely acknowledged as/to be the best football player in the school． 大家普遍认为他是学校里最好的足球运动员。 4．acknowledge vt．承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)acknowledge sth．/that... 承认某事/承认…… acknowledge...to be/as... 认为……是……；承认…… acknowledge doing/having done 承认做过…… It is widely/universally/generally acknowledged that... ……是大家公认的；被公认为…… acknowledge one's letter 向某人表示信已收到 (2)acknowledgement n． 承认；感谢 in acknowledgement of 对……答谢 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Do you acknowledge ____ you've been wrong? ②He acknowledged __________________(defeat) at last． ③人们普遍认为，一个好的宇航员需要坚强的意志和毅力。 _____________________________________________ a good astronaut needs strong will and persistence． that having been defeated It is widely/universally/generally acknowledged that 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]She is one of the most influential figures in local politics． 她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。 5．influential adj．有很大影响力的；有支配力的 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)be influential in doing sth． 对做某事有影响 (2)influence vt． 影响 n． 影响力；有影响力的人(或事物) influence sb．to do sth． 影响某人做某事 have an influence on 对……有影响 under the influence of 在……的影响下 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/补全句子 ①He had been influential in _______(shape) economic policy． ②Many other medications have an influence __ cholesterol levels． ③___________________________________________(在新经济形势的影响下)，changes take place in the field of design． shaping on Under the influence of new economic situations 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]The man insisted on finding a taxi for me even though I have told him I lived nearby． 尽管我已经告诉他我住在附近，这个人还是坚持要帮我找一辆出租车。 6．insist vi．& vt．坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)insist on (doing) sth． 坚持(做)某事 (2)insist后面跟从句，表示“坚持要……”时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语用(should) do形式；表示“坚持认为；坚持说”时，从句用陈述语气。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①His family insisted he _________________(give) a proper burial． ②He insisted that the mineral content of the water ___________ (determine) the opacity． ③为了准备体育考试，他坚持每天跑500米。 He insists on __________________________ in preparation for the PE test． (should) be given determined running 500 meters every day 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]The train departed Amritsar at 6：15 p.m. 火车在下午6点15分离开了阿姆利则。 7．depart vi．& vt．离开，起程 (1)depart from 从……出发；背离，违反(常规) depart for... 离开去…… (2)departure n． 离开；出发 take one's departure 离开；出发 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空 ①Lipton is planning to depart _____ the company he founded． ②Sam will depart ___ Japan tomorrow，and he'll return to China next week． ③They had received no news of him since his _________(depart) from the island． from for departure 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]You have been studying hard，so there is no need for you to get into a panic about the exams． 你一直都学习很努力，所以你没有必要为考试而陷入恐慌。 8．panic n．惊恐，恐慌vi．& vt．(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)in (a) panic 惊慌失措 be in a panic 处于惊慌失措中 get into a panic 陷入恐慌 (2)panick sb．into doing sth． 使某人仓惶行事 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①No one knows why she fled __ panic． ②She called the police station in _ panic． ③船严重泄漏，这使船上的一些人惊慌地跳入水中。 The ship leaked badly，which _______________________________ ___________________． in a panicked some men on board into diving into the water 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]She astonished us by saying she was leaving． 她说她要离开，令我们大为吃惊。 9．astonish vt．使十分惊讶，使吃惊 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)astonished adj． 感到十分惊讶的(指人的主观感受) be astonished at/by sth． 对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to see/learn... 看到/得知……感觉很惊讶 be astonished ＋ that... 对……感到惊讶 (2)astonishing adj． 令人十分惊讶的(指事物本身的特征) (3)astonishment n． 惊讶 to one's astonishment 让某人惊讶的是…… in astonishment 惊讶地 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①He was astonished _____ (see) his father here． ②We are all astonished ____ she has failed． ③妈妈真没想到双胞胎已为她做好了美味的早餐。 a．___________________________ delicious breakfast had been cooked for her by the twins．(astonish) b．____________________________，delicious breakfast had been cooked for her by the twins．(astonishment) to see that It astonished the mother that To the mother's astonishment 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (教材P30)Their discoveries have improved our knowledge of the Earth and have also changed the way we understand our place in the world． 他们的发现提高了我们对地球的认识，也改变了我们了解自己在世界上地位的方式。 the way后跟定语从句 [句式分析]　本句中we understand our place in the world是定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例1]The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade． 在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。 [例2]We did an analysis of the way that government money has been spent in the past． 我们分析了过去政府资金的使用情况。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 the way作先行词，如果引导词在定语从句中作方式状语，引导词用that或in which或省略；如果引导词在定语从句中作主语或宾语等成分，引导词用that或which。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　补全句子 ①________________________________(你提出的方法)at the meeting yesterday is well worth trying． ②First it changes _______________________________________(你对待他人的方式)． The way that/which you came up with the way (in which/that) you deal with others 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．She signaled her return to form with a ___________ (convince) victory． 2．Guests _________(panic) and screamed when the bomb exploded． 3．Their ___________(harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals． 4．Our buyers insist ___ high standards of workmanship and materials． 5．She would like to be ____________ (financial)independent． convincing panicked harmonious on financially 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 6．Such a move would have been a startling _________ (depart) from tradition． 7．Any experience can teach and __________ (strength) you，but particularly the more difficult ones． 8．Many companies are suffering from __ shortage of skilled staff． 9．Newspapers seized on the results as proof ____ global warming wasn't really happening． 10．Gradually he began ______________ (acknowledge) his feelings of envy towards his mother． departure strengthen a that to acknowledge 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅱ．完成句子 1．郑和被认为是中国最有影响力的探险家之一。 Zheng He ______________________ one of China's most influential explorers． 2．郑和的舰队从太仓出发启程，他的船上装载了瓷器、丝绸等。 Zheng He's fleet ____________ Taicang and his ships _______________ china，silk and so on． is acknowledged as/to be departed from were loaded with 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 3．众所周知，远征是危险的，而且充满了挑战。 ________________，expedition is dangerous and full of challenges． 4．在航行中，其中一艘船漏水了，这使船上的所有人都感到震惊和害怕。 During the voyage，one of the ships leaked，_____________________ _______________________ on board． As is known to all which astonished and frightened all the people 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 5．郑和坚决要求全体船员保持冷静，并坚持认为他有能力帮助他们脱离危险。 Zheng He insisted ____________________________________________________________________________． that the crew should keep calm and that he was capable of helping them out of danger 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅲ．课文语法填空 Zheng He set sail from Taicang on his first voyage in 1405．There were over 200 ships，with almost 28，000 people on board．On behalf of the Ming Dynasty，Zheng He made seven voyages，1．__________ (reach) more than 30 countries and regions，which developed and 2．____________(strength) harmonious relations with them．The voyages helped expose foreign people 3．__ Chinese culture and allow the Chinese 4．____________(understand) overseas lands． reaching strengthened to to understand 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Columbus received 5．_________(finance) support from the King and Queen of Spain．He departed 6．_____ Spain with three ships carrying about 90 7．_________(crewman) on 3 August 1492．On 12 October，they spotted land in the distance，which made him 8．_________ (convince) that was the East Indies．His major 9．_______________ (contribute) is that he “discovered” the New World，10．______ opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration． financial from crewmen convinced contribution which 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 课时分层作业(七) Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．Cameras were set up at strategic points along the _____(路线)． 2．Length is one dimension，and _______(宽度) is another． 3．As everybody can see，the truck was carrying a ____(大量) of bananas． 4．Located in the north-west of Beijing，the Summer Palace is by far the city's best-preserved ______ (皇家的)garden． 5．We could see a glimmer of light on the far _____(岸，滨)． route breadth load royal shore Period 3 39 Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．We have to admit that the social media has a powerful influence _______ public opinion． 2．Finally，the moment of our _________(depart) arrived，and we loaded suitcases，books，camping equipment and a tent into the car． 3．He stuck with his plan，regardless ___ financial problems． 4．In any circumstance，what we should do is to calm down whenever we are __ panic． 5．Through my efforts，I promise you that I can __________(strength) the friendship between Tom and Kate． on/upon departure of in strengthen 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅲ．阅读理解 A Many popular modern board games were invented in the United States．But some of our favorite games came from other countries and have deep historic roots． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Parcheesi Parcheesi came from India，where it is known as pachisi．The Mogul King Akbar，who ruled India in the 1500s，actually had a life-sized version of pachisi in his garden．Parcheesi came to America around 1870，and now has many variations of it－where each player has four pawns(兵) and races to be the first one to get them all safely to a home base． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Checkers Though simpler than Chess，Checkers offers plenty of strategic considerations to its players．Developing from a Middle Eastern game called alquerque，Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s and has a number of variations that have been played since at least 3000 BCE． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Backgammon Backgammon originated in Mesopotamia around 3000 BCE．In the game，two players took turns rolling dice in a race to be the first one to get their 15 pieces off the board．Introduced to America in 1920，Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today，especially in its electronic version． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Mancala Mancala means “to move” in Arabic．Players take turns to move pieces on its special board until all the pieces have been captured．Ancient game boards dating from the 6th and 7th centuries have been found carved in stone in Ethiopia．Mancala was brought into America in 1940 by immigrants from Cape Verde in Africa．And yes－it is played online! 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款游戏的历史以及引入美国的时间。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 1．Which of the following was first introduced to America? A．Parcheesi．　　 B．Checkers． C．Backgammon． D．Mancala． √ A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Parcheesi came to America around 1870”、第三段中的“Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s”、第四段中的“Introduced to America in 1920”以及最后一段中的“Mancala was brought into America in 1940”可知，Parcheesi最先被引入美国。故选A。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 2．What do Backgammon and Mancala have in common? A．Each game has four players． B．They have digital versions． C．Their boards were carved in stone． D．They date back 3，000 years． √ B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“especially in its electronic version”以及最后一段中的“And yes－it is played online！”可知，Backgammon和Mancala的共同之处是都有电子版。故选B。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 3．In which column of a magazine can this text be found? A．Health． B．Economy． C．Science． D．Entertainment． √ D　[文章出处题。根据第一段内容并结合文章主要介绍了四款游戏的历史可推知，文章可能选自杂志的“娱乐”版面。故选D。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 B Invented in the Tang Dynasty and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty in Fujian，the watertight-bulkhead(水密舱壁) technology permits the construction of ocean-going ships with watertight compartments(隔层)．If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea，water will not flood the other cabins and the ships will remain afloat． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 The experience and working methods of watertight-bulkhead technology are transmitted orally from masters to apprentices． However，the need for Chinese junks(中国式帆船) has decreased sharply as wooden ships have been replaced by steel-hulled ships，and today only three masters can claim full command of this technology．Associated building costs have also increased owing to a shortage of raw materials．Therefore，the inheritance(继承) of this heritage is decreasing，and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employment． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Zhang Guohui，a 77-year-old inheritor of the watertight-bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese junks，has been making ships for more than six decades．Coming from a poor family in a fishing town in East China's Fujian Province，Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas，which is where he developed a keen interest in constructing boats．As a fast learner，Zhang was later sent to shipyards in the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian Province，where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame because of his extremely skilled craftsmanship in the construction of these junks． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 In fear that the traditional skills would die someday，Zhang started to restore old ships and make model junks for the museum with his 20 years of shipbuilding skills．“The restored ancient ships are the historical witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asia trade network，” said Zhang，adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development．“As long as I'm alive，I'll keep passing on the heritage，” he said． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发明于唐代，普及于宋代的水密舱壁技术以及致力于该项技术的推广与传承的张国辉老人。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 4．What function is expected of the watertight-bulkhead technology? A．To prevent ships from sinking． B．To reduce the weight of ships． C．To allow ships to sail faster． D．To help ships resist strong winds． A　[细节理解题。根据第一段末句可知，水密舱壁技术可以让船只在部分受损的情况下，仍可以继续保持漂浮。故选A。] √ 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 5．Which of the following is the purpose of paragraph 2? A．To prove the significance of steel-hulled ships． B．To stress the complex process of building wooden ships． C．To present people's efforts to pass down cultural heritage． D．To show difficulties of inheriting watertight-bulkhead technology． D　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，本段意在讲述当今时代传承这项技术的困难：需求减少、原料短缺、成本上涨等。故选D。] √ 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 6．What can we learn about Zhang Guohui from paragraph 3? A．He supports his family by fishing． B．He was born with a talent for shipbuilding． C．He has devoted himself to constructing boats． D．He has won many awards for restoring ancient ships． C　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，张国辉老人致力于造船事业。故选C。] √ 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 7．What does Zhang Guohui convey in his words? A．Traditional culture should be innovated with the times． B．The ancient ship trade originated from Quanzhou in China． C．It is necessary for modern students to learn shipbuilding skills． D．It is worth passing on traditional skills from generation to generation． √ D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships...”可推知，老人说这些话表明他认为代代传承传统技艺是有意义的，是值得的。故选D。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅳ．阅读七选五 The English language developed as a result of several invasions of Britain．The first involved three tribes called the Angles，the Jutes and the Saxons．A mix of their languages produced a language called Anglo-Saxon，or Old English．It sounded very much like German．Only a few words remained from the Celts who had lived in Britain． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 The Vikings of Denmark，Norway and Sweden arrived in Britain more than one thousand years ago．The next invasion took place in the year 1066．French forces from Normandy were led by a man known as William the Conqueror． 2 The words “parliament” “jury” “justice” and others that deal with law come from the Norman rulers． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 The English language was violently influenced by an event that took place more than one thousand four hundred years ago．In the year 597，a Roman religion began its attempt to establish the religion of Britain． 3 Latin was not spoken as a language in any country at that time．But it was still used by some people．Latin made it possible for a church member from Rome to speak to a church member from Britain． Educated people from different countries could communicate using Latin． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 English began to grow more quickly when William Caxton returned to Britain in the year 1476．He had been in Holland and other areas of Europe where he had learned printing．He returned to Britain with the first printing press．The printing made it possible for almost anyone to buy a book． 5 Slowly，during the year 1500 English became the modern language we would recognize． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 A．Meanwhile，experts cannot explain many English words． B．The language of the Roman religion was Latin． C．Two more invasions added words to Old English． D．The Norman rulers added many words to English． E．It helped spread education and the English language． F．English is a little like a living thing that continues to grow． G．English speakers also continue to invent new words by linking old words together． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以时间顺序介绍了英语从古英语到现代英语的演变。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 1．C　[分析第二段内容可知，本段承接第一段，说明另外两次入侵英国对英语产生的影响。故选C。] 2．D　[由后文可知，此处说明法国入侵者给英语带来了新的词汇。后文的“The words‘parliament’‘jury’‘justice' and others”与D项中的“many words”对应。“the Norman rulers”同时出现在D项和设空处后一句，也是该题的提示。] 3．B　[设空处前面提到了“a Roman religion”，后文提到了Latin，B项将二者结合起来，起到承上启下的作用。] 4．F　[根据下文的“the year 1476”和“the year 1500”可知，本段讲了英语随时间的发展，F项“英语有点像不断成长的活的东西。”符合本段主旨。] 5．E　[由上文可知，印刷术进入英国以后起到了很大的作用，故此处强调印刷术对推动英语和教育传播的作用，E项中It指的就是上文的“The printing”。] $$