10 UNIT 2 Out of this world Period 3 语言知识讲练-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步课件(译林版2020)

Period 3　 UNIT 2　Out of this world 主题语境 人与社会 —— 科技发展与信息技术创新 [例]In the absence of parents' company in their childhood，these children will lack confidence． 童年时缺乏父母陪伴，孩子们会缺乏自信。 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Reading) 1．absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席 Period 3 (1)in/during sb．'s absence＝ in/during the absence of sb． 在某人不在期间 in the absence of... 缺乏……；不存在…… absence from 缺席，离开，不在某处 absence of mind 心不在焉 (2)absent adj． 缺席的；缺乏的；心不在焉的 be absent from 缺席；不在 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It's the manager's job to organize cover for staff who are ______ (absence)． ②我因没有参加5月5日的英语俱乐部活动而写信向你道歉。 I am writing to apologize to you for ________________________ of the English club on May 5th． ③他驾车时心不在焉，差点酿成一场交通事故。 __________________ while driving nearly caused a traffic accident． absent being absent from the activity His absence of mind 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]It bothered the boy that he can't use his salary freely，and he trembled with anger． 使男孩苦恼的是他不能自由地使用自己的薪水，他因生气而颤抖着。 2．bother vt．使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰vi．花费时间精力(做某事)n．麻烦，困难 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 bother sb．with sth． 因某事让某人担心/烦心 not bother to do/doing sth． 不费心去做某事 It bothers sb．that... 让某人担心/苦恼的是…… 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I don't know why he bothers me _____ this kind of rubbish． ②如果有任何问题，尽管向我寻求帮助。 ______________________________ if you have any questions． ③他们还没有回复我们的信件确实令我苦恼。 ______________________ they haven't replied to our letters． with Don't bother to turn to me for help It really bothers me that 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]The bed seemed to occupy most of the room． 床似乎占去了大半个屋子。 3．occupy vt．占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)occupy sb．/oneself (in doing sth．/with sb．/sth．) 忙于某事；专心于某事 (2)occupied adj． 忙于 be occupied in (doing) sth． 忙于(做)某事 be deeply occupied in thinking 陷入深思 be fully occupied 忙得不可开交 (3)occupation n． 占领；侵占；职业 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Harry occupied himself in ________(write) his research paper． ②Please state your name，age and __________(occupy) below． ③他本可以参加你的生日聚会，但他把时间都花在了曲棍球训练上。 He would have attended your birthday party，but he ________________ _____ his hockey training． writing occupation occupied himself with 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]I planned to leave the next day but under the circumstances I decided to stay another night． 我打算第二天离开，但是在这种情况下，我决定再住一晚上。 4．circumstance n．条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况 in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此 in/under no circumstances＝in no case 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①__________ the circumstances，the information about competition plays an important role in sports． ②在任何情况下，我们都不能放弃我们的信念：我们可以使这个世界成为一个更适合居住的地方。 _______________________________________________ our belief that we can make this world a better place to live in． In/Under In/Under no circumstances/In no case shall we give up 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]Secondly，young people might benefit from early exposure to the Internet for they can start their learning ahead of formal schooling． 其次，年轻人可能受益于早期接触互联网，因为他们可以在接受正式的学校教育之前开始学习。 5．exposure n．面临，遭受；揭露；报道 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (1)expose v． 暴露，曝光 expose sb．/sth．to... 使某人/某事面临/遭受…… expose sth． 暴露/显露/揭露某事 be exposed to 接触……；暴露于…… (2)overexpose v． 使(胶片等)曝光过度；对……报道过频 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Keep indoors and don't expose your skin __ the sun． ②让自己多接触大自然能帮助你更进一步了解大自然的美。 __________________________ more can help you cast new light of its beauty． ③皮肤暴露在阳光下的时间越长，你患皮肤癌的可能性就越大。 The longer __________________________，the more likely you will suffer from skin cancer． to Exposing yourself to nature the skin is exposed to sunlight 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]In view of the present situation，we'll have to revise our original plan． 鉴于目前这种情况，我们将不得不修改原来的计划。 6．in view of 鉴于，考虑到 in one's view 在某人看来 on view 陈列着；展览着 in view 在视线中；在视野中 out of view 不在视野中 come into view 映入眼帘 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The pieces __ view are not grouped around any one theme． ②考虑到天气，我们将取消此次郊游。 _____________________，we will cancel the outing． ③在我看来，我更喜欢长江之旅，长江是中国最长的河流，也是孕育中华文明的河流之一。 _______________________________，I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River，the longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization． on In view of the weather In my view/From my point of view 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例]Reading is of vital importance in language learning． 阅读在语言学习中至关重要。 7．vital adj．必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 be vital to/for... 对……是至关重要的 It is vital to do... 做……很重要。 It is/was vital that... ……是十分重要的。 (从句中用虚拟语气“(should)＋do”) 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①His function is vital ______ the accomplishment of the agency's mission． ②如果我们想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。 If we are to make a difference in life，it's vital that we _____________ ________________． ③就我而言，保持准确的记录是至关重要的。 As far as I'm concerned，_______________ accurate records． to/for (should) begin with small things it is vital to keep 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (教材P16)With so much going on，the space station needs a lot of maintenance，so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning． 由于发生了这么多事情，空间站需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查支持系统，并做一些清洁工作。 1．with复合结构 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [句式分析]　本句中的With so much going on是“with＋名词＋动词-ing形式”结构，在句中作原因状语。 [例1]He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him． 由于全班同学注视着他，他感到更不自在了。 [例2]I'd like to see the new film with time permitting． 时间许可的话，我想看那部新电影。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 with复合结构中除了可以跟动词-ing形式外，还有以下结构： (1)with＋宾语＋形容词 (2)with＋宾语＋副词 (3)with＋宾语＋介词短语 (4)with＋宾语＋过去分词 (5)with＋宾语＋动词不定式 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　单句语法填空/补全句子 ①He fell asleep with the lamp _______(burn)． ②All the afternoon he worked with the door ______(lock)． ③I can't go out with all these clothes _______(wash)． ④Don't speak ____________________(你满嘴巴的食物)． burning locked to wash with your mouth full 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (教材P17)Splendid as the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think． 虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。 2．as引导让步状语从句 [句式分析]　本句是一个倒装句，as引导让步状语从句，句子必须用倒装形式。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例1]Tired and exhausted as she was，she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse． 尽管她累得疲惫不堪，她还是设法用她的黄色衬衫做了一面旗子。 [例2]Child as he was，he knew what was the right thing to do． 虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。 although，though可以引导让步状语从句；although不用倒装；though可以倒装也可以不倒装。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　句型转换 ①Although it was raining heavily outside，they started out very early． →______________________________________，they started out very early． ②Although atoms are small，they are made up of still smaller units． →_______________________，they are made up of still smaller units． Heavily as/though it was raining outside Small as/though atoms are 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (教材P17)That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned． 这就是为什么每次太空漫步都是精心策划的。 3．That's why...“这/那就是……的原因。” [句式分析]　本句That's why...表示“这/那就是……的原因。”，why引导表语从句，why后面跟结果。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [例1]That is why there are many versions of the same story． 那就是为什么同一个故事有很多版本。 [例2]That is why the cultural industry in China is needed． 那就是中国需要文化产业的原因。 That's because... 这/那是因为……(because后面跟原因) The reason why...is that... ……的原因是…… 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 [即学即练]　句型转换 He missed the bus，and that's why he was late for school． →He was late for school，and _____________ he missed the bus． →The reason ______________________________ he missed the bus． that's because why he was late for school is that 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．You can imagine how fully ________ (occupy) I became，raising four boys under the age of 8! 2．In ___ circumstances，it seems better not to tell him about the accident． 3．He was eager to be back after more than a week's absence _____ school． occupied the from 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 4．It is widely acknowledged that students should ___________ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality． 5．Scientists worry that _____________________ (expose) to light while sleeping can increase chances of getting cancer． 6．What's worse，some drivers do not think __ vital to obey traffic rules． 7．Sorry ________ (bother) you，but the manager is on the line． be evaluated exposure/being exposed it to bother 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 8．For several hours I made myself highly _______ (vision)，making sure everyone could see me． 9．No one is asking you to put on a hair shirt and give up all your ________ (luxury)． 10．His confidence had been _____________(permanent) affected by the painful suffering． visible luxuries permanently 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅱ．完成句子 1．尽管太空漫步对宇航员来讲具有挑战性和危险性，但它很有意义。 ______________________________________________________，it is meaningful． 2．为了完成任务，宇航员们经常进行各种类型的训练。 To fulfill the mission，astronauts often ___________________________________________． Challenging and dangerous as spacewalking is for astronauts occupy themselves with many kinds of training 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 3．低重力对人体有不良影响，那就是为什么宇航员每天都要锻炼。 Low gravity has bad effects on the human body，and __________________________________ every day． 4．在我看来，成为一名宇航员是伟大的和令人钦佩的。 ____________，to be an astronaut is great and admirable． 5．我将让自己多接触天文学的知识，并对此作出贡献。 I'll _____________________________________________ and make a contribution to it． that's why the astronauts do exercise In my view expose myself to the knowledge of astronomy more 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅲ．课文语法填空 Due to the near 1．_______(absent) of gravity，we have to attach ourselves．We usually sleep in private quarters，or in sleeping bags 2．________(attach) to the walls or the ceiling．The routine tasks are demanding but extremely 3．_________(reward)．We conduct scientific research．The experiment I have been working on is to locate and track lightning over large regions of the Earth．Hopefully，4．__ will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning 5．____________ absence attached Rewarding it protection 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 (protect)．It's time 6．___ a spacewalk to test new equipment，monitor scientific experiments or repair the space station，which is the most 7．___________(challenge) work．The spacesuits allow us to breathe and protect us from 8．________(expose) to the cold and radiation． Eating is different．We must eat dried or freeze-dried food．Salt and pepper are only in liquid form to avoid floating away and blocking the air for challenging exposure 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 pipes．We must ensure a 9．________(balance) supply of nutrients by taking pills．To keep healthy，we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day，using specially designed equipment． During our leisure time，we like to sit back with 10．___ rest of the crew，watch our remarkable planet go by，and take pictures for our family and friends． balanced the 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 课时分层作业(四) Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．The force of ________ (重力) makes things fall to the Earth． 2．The competition has been thrown wide open by the _______(缺乏) of the world champion． 3．I'm not ________ (使担心) about the cost－you're the one who's making an issue of it． 4．A copy of the report is available for you to peruse at your _______(闲暇)． 5．The workman was _____________(惩罚) by his company but not dismissed． gravity absence bothered leisure disciplined Period 3 38 Ⅱ．单句语法填空 1．As we all know，reading is __ vital importance in language learning． 2．As an astronaut，he will never give up his dream of exploring space ________ any circumstances． 3．I am writing to apologize to her for being absent _____ the activity of the English club last Friday． 4．It was awesome that he bought so many ________(luxury) since his salary was low． 5．It bothered me that the data in the computer was lost _____________ (permanent)． of in/under from luxuries permanently 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅲ．阅读理解 A Businessman Elon Musk says his company is building a powerful，reusable rocket and a spaceship that may travel to the planet Mars．“The spacecraft would eventually be able to take as many as 100 people and their equipment to the red planet，” he said．He wants to establish a city on Mars．He said the planned city would be able to support itself－complete with the ability to make iron，as well as pizzas． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Musk wants human beings to be able to live on more than just one planet．He wants many people to be able to travel to the red planet． “Really the key is making this affordable to almost anyone who wants to go...” “Reusing rockets and spaceships will help lower the cost for each person，” he explained．The spaceships would also be able to refuel(补给燃料) in orbit．He suggested the production of methane(甲烷) and oxygen on Mars would provide fuel for the trip back home． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Musk said the trip would last between 80 and 150 days．Eventually，the cost would go down． “The very first flights will be fairly expensive，but the architecture allows for a cost per ticket of less than $200，000．” No date has been set for the first flight．But Musk said he wanted to send the first manned mission to Mars by 2024． Musk invited other companies to join the Mars effort，which reportedly would require about a $10 billion investment． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。商人Elon Musk声称，他的公司正在建造可循环使用的火箭、宇宙飞船，这样就会使去火星旅行的成本降低。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 1．What will Musk do to make the trip to the Mars cheap? A．Build a reusable rocket and spaceship． B．Increase the number of passengers on the spaceship． C．Take less equipment on the spaceship． D．Establish a city there and never come back． √ A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第四段第一句可知，制造可循环使用的火箭、宇宙飞船可降低旅行火星的成本。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 2．If the spaceship returns to the Earth，where will the fuel come from? A．Sunlight．　　　 B．Gas． C．Oil． D．Nuclear energy． √ B　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，宇宙飞船返回地球的燃料是火星上生产的甲烷和氧气，二者都是气体。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 3．According to Musk's plan，when will the first manned spaceship be sent to Mars? A．By 2024． B．By 2026． C．By 2028． D．By 2030． √ A　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句可知，他希望在2024年发射载人的火星飞船。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 B It is in human nature to explore new things．To that end，many countries have been exploring space for many decades，particularly the USA，Russia，and countries in Europe． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 President Xi praised the success of the Chang'e 5 mission for bringing back the country's first samples (样本) collected from the Moon．The whole country is proud of this breakthrough．The Chang'e 5 mission has achieved many significant breakthroughs，including China's first lunar (月球的) surface sampling，first lift-off from the Moon and the first spacecraft with the ability to meet and dock in lunar orbit and to re-enter the Earth's atmosphere with samples． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 The success of the Chang'e 5 mission marks a conclusion of China's current lunar exploration project．The successful re-entry and landing of the Chang'e 5 capsule (太空舱) have enabled China to obtain its first lunar samples，marking a new start of lunar and planetary research．With this achievement，China sets a new milestone in space exploration． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 No matter how far China goes into space，it always stays true to its original mission－uncovering the secrets of the universe and contributing to humans' peaceful use of space．China is a peace-loving country and will use its achievements for promoting peace around the globe． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 China views these efforts as part of the world's lunar exploration． It chose a different landing site and is promising to share its samples to enrich the planet's knowledge．Some foreign scientists have shown particular interest．The exploration is not for commercial purposes，but for international scientific research．Human beings shall explore the Moon together，as it will finally need large projects requiring international cooperation．China will play a leadership role in the international scientific community． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了“嫦娥五号”任务的成功使得中国在太空探索方面树立了一个新的里程碑。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 4．What made Chinese people feel proud according to the passage? A．Chang'e 5's landing on the Moon successfully． B．China's gaining admission to exploring the Moon． C．China's strengthening the ability to promote peace． D．Chang'e 5's bringing back the first samples collected from the Moon． √ D　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The whole country is proud of this breakthrough．”可知，中国人为“嫦娥五号”带回从月球上采集的第一批样本感到骄傲。故选D项。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 5．Which of the following can best describe the Chang'e 5 mission? A．Horrible but romantic． B．Fearful but successful． C．Challenging but rewarding． D．Dangerous but peaceful． √ 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 C　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“many countries have been exploring space for many decades(很多国家已经探索太空好几十年了)”、第二段中的“The Chang'e 5 mission has achieved many significant breakthroughs，including...(‘嫦娥五号'任务取得了多项重大突破，包括……)”以及第三段中的“The successful re-entry...marking a new start of lunar and planetary research．(“嫦娥五号”太空舱的成功返回和着陆使中国获得了第一批月球样品，标志着月球和行星研究的新起点)”可判断，“嫦娥五号”任务有挑战性但也是值得做的。故选C项。] 6．What is the text mainly about? A．The original mission remains unchanged． B．Countries join together to explore the Moon． C．China takes pride in the achievements in space． D．China sets a new milestone in space exploration． √ D　[主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中的“With this achievement，China sets a new milestone in space exploration．(凭借这一成就，中国在太空探索方面树立了新的里程碑)”及全文其他内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在太空探索方面树立了一个新的里程碑。故选D项。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 7．Where is this text most likely from? A．A poster．　 B．A leaflet． C．A newspaper． D．A guidebook． √ C　[文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文属于新闻报道，因此文章很有可能来自一份报纸。故选C项。] 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 Ⅳ．阅读七选五 Why should we explore space？Perhaps the best answer lies in our history．What made our ancestors move from the trees onto the plains？ 1 In exploring，the surrounding areas may be identified and prepared for．Without knowledge，these dangers have the ability to harm us． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 While many resources are spent on what seems a small return，the exploration of space allows new resources to be created． 2 Knowledge or techniques acquired in exploring or preparing to explore always filter (慢慢传开) from the developers to the general population．Techniques may be medical applications，such as new drugs or ways of living to increase the quantity or the quality of time lived． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 By studying alien worlds，we can place our own world in content． While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works，it also holds dangers．The chance of a large asteroid hitting the Earth is small． 3 Some explanations for extinction and evolution include strikes by asteroids． Our technology is reaching the point where we can detect such a threat and might be able to do something about it． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 4 Without the ability to reach out across space，the chance to save ourselves might not exist．Earth is the only planet known to maintain life，but our ability to adapt could eventually allow us to inhabit other planets and moons． Our lifestyles would be different，but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future． 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 A．But given time，it will happen． B．Space allows us to expand and succeed． C．Resources translate into success at survival． D．With knowledge，their consequences may be reduced． E．Nearly all successful civilizations have been willing to explore． F．Scientists can function at world-class level in their specialist fields． G．The dangers exist and knowledge can allow us as a species to survive． 【语篇解读】　本文一篇是说明文。文章主要介绍了人类为什么要探索太空。 课时学案 课时分层作业 Period 3　 1．E　[根据上文“Why should we explore space？Perhaps the best answer lies in our history．What made our ancestors move from the trees onto the plains？”可知，本段内容介绍了人类不断进行探索的原因，正是因为探索，我们的祖先才从树上搬到平原上，E项“几乎所有成功的文明都愿意探索”能够承接上文。故选E。] 2．C　[根据上文“While many resources are spent on what seems a small return，the exploration of space allows new resources to be created．”可知，上文告诉我们对太空的探索会为人类创造新的资源，C项“资源转化为生存的成功”承接上文。故选C。] 3．A　[根据上文“The chance of a large asteroid hitting the Earth is small．”可知，上文告诉我们大型小行星撞击地球的可能性很小，A项“但只要时间到了，它就会发生”与上文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选A。] 4．G　[根据下文“Without the ability to reach out across space，the chance to save ourselves might not exist．”可知，如果不进行太空探索，拯救我们自己的机会可能就不存在了，G项“危险是存在的，知识可以让我们作为一个物种生存下来”能够引起下文。故选G。] 5．B　[根据上文“Our lifestyles would be different，but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future．”可知，人类的生活和文化会适应未来，B项“太空让我们得以扩展和成功”承接上文。故选B。] $$