12 UNIT 2 Natural disasters Period 5 课时练案 课文整体教学-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步讲义(译林版2020)

Period 5　 课文整体教学(Extended reading) 1．What can we learn from the article about Edward Bulwer-Lytton? A．He was a talented British writer who invented the English language. B．He was a talented British writer who imagined life in ancient Pompeii. C．He was a talented British writer who was a resident of ancient Pompeii. D．He was a typical Roman resident who experienced the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. 2．Which of the following statements best describes the main idea of the passage? A．The Last Days of Pompeii offers a chance to live in ancient Roman. B．The destruction of Pompeii was a significant event in ancient history. C．The digging of Pompeii has preserved a picture of ancient life. D．The eruption of Mount Vesuvius was a natural disaster. 3．What does the passage suggest about the ancient city of Pompeii? A．It was a model of the entire Roman Empire in terms of energy and skill. B．It was a quiet and peaceful city with little trade and commerce. C．It was a city that was largely overlooked in the history of the Roman Empire. D．It was a city that showed little development or progress compared to other Roman cities. 4．What does the passage reveal about the reaction of the people of Pompeii to the eruption? A．They remained calm and orderly，making logical decisions to ensure their safety. B．They were in a state of disbelief and confusion，leading to disorganized panic. C．They had received advanced warning about the eruption and were prepared. D．They quickly evacuated the city and were able to escape without harm. 5．What is the significance of the phrase “human lives burn bright and short” in the context of the passage? A．It praises the destructive power of natural forces against human civilization. B．It shows the best qualities of the human spirit in the face of natural disasters. C．It highlights the importance of keeping historical artifacts and structures. D．It suggests the nature of human existence in contrast to the enduring remains of Pompeii. [答案]　1－5　BCABD 1．power n．控制力，操控力；权力；政权，统治；有影响力的人(或组织)；能力，本领；力量，体能；能量，电，电力v．驱动，推动(机器或车辆)；供电 ①(教材原句)The strong wind and heavy rain didn't scare me，but I was quite frightened during the power failure． n．电力 ②The company has great economic power in the region． n．影响力 ③The athlete displayed great power in the final attempt． n．力量，体能 ④Please power down your computer before leaving the office． v．供电；驱动 2．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满 ①(教材原句) The radio says the city has already been flooded． vt．淹没 ②The heavy rain resulted in a flood that ruined several houses in the area． n．洪水 ③The social media post was flooded with comments and reactions within minutes． vt．充满 ④A flood of food comes at us this time of year． n．大量 1．(学会断句)Trading ships/bringing imports to the city/or carrying exports overseas，along with golden pleasure boats for the rich，were crowded together/in the glassy water of the port. [分析]　本句是简单句。句子主干为Trading ships...were crowded...；主语后跟两个并列的动词-ing形式短语bringing...or carrying...作定语；along with...介词短语作状语。 [翻译]　运载进口货物到城内、出口货物到海外的商船，以及富贵人家金灿灿的游船，齐聚在港口波光粼粼的水面上。 2．(学会断句)Long after/fire and ash came/for the people of Pompeii，the remains of their beautiful city/survive to remind us/that human lives burn/bright and short. [分析]　本句是主从复合句。句子主干为 the remains...survive to remind us...；动词remind us后跟that引导的宾语从句；after引导时间状语从句。 [翻译]　在大火和火山灰吞噬庞贝城的人们很久很久之后，他们美丽城市的遗迹幸存下来，提醒我们人类的生命灿烂而短暂。 1．(续写佳句) ①The awful night rolled slowly away，and the dawn greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! 可怕的夜晚缓缓退去，晦暗的晨光开启了庞贝城的末日！ ②Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its floors. 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上繁复的图案，一点都没有褪色。 2．(应用文佳句) ①Edward Bulwer-Lytton (1803－1873) was a talented British writer who left his mark on the English language. 爱德华·布尔沃-利顿(1803－1873)是一位才华横溢的英国作家，他对英语语言产生了深远的影响。 ②His classic novel The Last Days of Pompeii imagines life in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii in the year 79，when Mount Vesuvius erupted. 在其经典小说《庞贝城的末日》中，他对公元79年维苏威火山爆发时，古罗马城市庞贝的生活场景展开了想象。 1．flood vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满n.洪水，水灾；大量 flood in　 涌进 flood sb./sth.with sth.　 (使)某人/某物挤满/充满某物 in flood　 (河流)泛滥 a flood of visitors/letters　 大批的参观者/信件 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He lay there，flooded(flood) with pain，fear，and hate. ②After the announcement，there was a flood of applications for the new job opening at the company. ③The sudden downpour caught us off guard，and within minutes，the entire neighborhood was in flood. ④书店涌入了大量渴望购买最新畅销书的顾客。 The bookstore was flooded with customers eager to purchase the latest bestseller. 2．curious adj.好奇的；奇特的 be curious about...　 对……好奇 be curious to do sth.　 好奇想做某事 It is curious that...　 真奇怪…… curiosity n.　 好奇心；求知欲 out of curiosity　 出于好奇 with curiosity＝curiously　 好奇地 satisfy one's curiosity　 满足某人的好奇心 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She was curious(curiosity) to see how much water there was outside. ②She looked at the picture curiously(curious)，wondering about its owner. ③His curiosity(curious) about the universe led him to study astronomy. ④学生们对新老师很好奇，迫不及待地等待着她的到来。 The students were curious about the new teacher and eagerly awaited her arrival. 3．break out 突然开始，爆发；突破，逃脱 含有break的其他常用短语： break away from　 从……挣脱；逃离 break down　 出故障；(身体)垮掉；分解；(谈判)失败 break in　 打断谈话；插话；闯入(行窃)(不及物) break off　 中断；折断；断绝(关系) break through　 突破；冲破；克服；战胜 break up　 (某物)破碎；(关系)破裂； (会议)结束；驱散(人群) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him. ②You will break down sooner or later if you keep working like that. ③他返回之后不久，一场区域性的战争在他的家乡附近爆发了。 Not long after his return，a local war broke out near his hometown． 4．distance n．遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远 in the distance　 在远处；在远方 at/from a distance　 从远处；离一段距离 keep...at a distance　 与……保持距离 keep...at an arm's distance　 与……保持一臂的距离 distant adj.　 遥远的；久远的；远亲的 be distant from...　 离……远 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The noise of the car died away in the distance. ②The village is distant(distance) from the city，taking about two hours to drive there. ③The nearest grocery store is at a distance from our neighborhood，so we usually buy supplies during our weekly trips. ④如果你不想近视的话，与书保持一臂的距离。 Keep your book at an arm's distance if you don't want to be nearsighted. 5．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救 rescue sb./sth.from...　 把某人/某物从……中营救出来 come to one's rescue＝rescue sb.　 援救某人 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was reported that the lost hiker was rescued/had been rescued (rescue)by a team of skilled mountaineers. ②The firefighters rushed to rescue (rescue) the family trapped in the burning building. ③The organization works tirelessly to rescue animals from terrible situations. ④当他在荒野中迷路时，他的敏捷思维和勇敢救了他。 His quick thinking and bravery came to his rescue/rescued him when he was lost in the wilderness. 6．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职 retire from　 从……退休 retirement n.　 退休 retired adj.　 退休的 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Irene declared she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. ②Failing eyesight forced him to retire (retire) early. ③After working for 40 years，my father finally reached retirement(retire) and was able to enjoy his free time. ④由于身体不好，他从建筑工人的工作中退休了。 Due to his poor health，he was retired from his job as a construction worker. 1．might have done结构 (教材P25)Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what was to come! 火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着过去火山几度喷发的故事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，灾难即将降临！ (1)本句中的might have warned...是might have done结构，表示“过去本可以做而实际上并没有做”；might have done sth.还可以表示“过去或许做了某事”。 (2)其他类似结构： should have done sth.(过去)本该做某事(但没有做)，其否定式表示“(过去)本不该做某事(而做了)”。 must have done sth.(过去)一定做了某事，是对过去发生的动作的肯定推测。 could have done sth.(过去)本能够做某事(但没有做) couldn't have done sth.(过去)不可能做过某事 needn't have done sth.本不需要做某事(但是做了) [即学即练]——完成句子 ①我们的老师有些震惊。她或许知道真相了。 Our teacher was a little shocked.She might have known the truth. ②我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。 I could have made six salads with what I threw out. ③上周日你本该待在家里的， 但是你没有。 You should have stayed at home last Sunday，but you didn't. ④你看起来很困。你昨晚肯定睡得很晚。 You look very sleepy.You must have gone to bed late last night. 2．as if引导方式状语从句 (教材P26)Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday... 它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完…… (1)as if意为“好像”，引导方式状语从句。在此句中as if 后可省略主语和be动词。 (2)当时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或者从句主语是it)，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①You can wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying(enjoy)a live music show and nice street entertainment. ②When invited (invite) to your Chinese friend's home，you'd better arrive on time or a little earlier. ③He opened his mouth as if to say (say) something. ④他东张西望，好像在找什么东西。 He looked everywhere as if_(he was)_in search of something． Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．My grandfather is retired(retire) and enjoys gardening every day. 2．The newspaper has various columns(column) focusing on different topics. 3．The hikers needed to be rescued/rescuing(rescue) after getting lost in the forest. 4．The price of the house dropped sharply(sharp) during the recession. 5．The new restaurant is located(locate) in the heart of downtown. 6．The company exported(export) goods to various countries in the past. 7．Ancient artifacts were unearthed (earth) during the archaeological dig. 8．The heat in the desert was unbearable(bearable) without proper shade. 9．The distance(distant) between the two cities is about 100 miles. Ⅱ．完成句子 1．孩子睡得像是玩一整天耗尽了体力一样，横七竖八地躺在沙发上。(人物描写；as if done) The child slept as if exhausted from a day of play，laid out on the sofa. 2．在地平线上，随着太阳开始升起，出现了一抹淡淡的光芒。(景色描写；倒装句) On the horizon appeared a faint light as the sun began to rise. 3．太阳在山后落下，洒下一抹金色的光辉覆盖整片风景。(景色描写) So sank the sun behind the mountains，casting a golden glow over the landscape. 4．要做的事情不能再拖延了。(what从句) What was to be done could not be put off any longer. Ⅲ．课文语法填空 Pompeii was a city in the ancient Roman Empire.It had shops，houses，and a port 1．to import (import) or export various goods.The people were busy and hard-working.They traded 2．withother cities.Some people were rich 3．and had nice boats.Fishermen also worked there.Mount Vesuvius was a big volcano，4．located (locate) near Pompeii.Sometimes it 5．erupted (erupt) and threw out ash and rocks. One day in 79 AD，Vesuvius volcano broke out at dawn.A big cloud came out of the top，6．taking (take) the form of a tree with a black trunk and red branches.People 7．were scared (scare).The ground shook and roofs fell down.Then the cloud in the 8．distance (distant) came towards them.Ash and rocks fell from the sky far and wide.People ran to get away.Some families got separated.The earthquake lasted for a while.After that，Pompeii was gone. Almost 1，700 years later，people found Pompeii.The city was very well-preserved.The walls，patterns，floors，and 9．columns (column) looked new.Today，you can visit Pompeii and see 10．what life was like there long ago. 课时分层作业(五) Ⅰ．单词拼写 1．What she donated(捐赠) was for students who really needed financial help. 2．He is such a curious(好奇的)boy，always asking questions. 3．When he heard the terrible news，tears ran flooding(大量涌出) from his eyes. 4．It scared (惊吓) me to think I was alone in the building. 5．It came as a shock (震惊) that the famous singer was arrested for being in possession of drugs. 6．Food supplies (供应) may run out towards the end of the trip，so we can't waste any food. 7．We finally arrived at our holiday destination (目的地) after a long journey. 8．She traveled beyond(越过) the mountains to reach her destination. Ⅱ．短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空，有一项多余) run out of，the moment，in case，safe and sound，escape from，occur to，far and wide，break out，keep one's head 1．Despite facing many challenges，she managed to keep her head and stay calm. 2．We need to go grocery shopping soon because we're running out of food. 3．News of the festival spread far and wide，attracting visitors from all over the country. 4．A fire broke out in the building，causing panic among the residents. 5．Keep in contact with each other in case friendship becomes weak. 6．Mike is eager to escape from the busy city life for a while. 7．It occurred to him that his farm had much potential. 8．Seeing her son returning home safe and sound，the mother breathed a sigh of relief. Ⅲ．阅读理解 Earthquake forecasting is one of the most ancient skills known to mankind.From ancient Greece to the present day，countless scientists have tried to develop tools to predict earthquakes.Their attempts usually focused on searching for reliable forerunners of forthcoming quakes. However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard.“We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，” said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology.Scientists have also attempted to create mathematical models of movement，but precisely predicting earthquakes would require great mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust.Other challenges include a lack of data on the early warning signs，given that these warning signs are not yet entirely understood.Actually，real earthquake prediction is very similar to the diagnosis of potential human illnesses based on observing and analyzing each patient's signs and symptoms.As it turns out，quake prediction is extremely difficult. Many sources show that earthquake forecasting was a recognized science in ancient Greece.Ancient Greeks lived very close to nature and were able to detect unusual phenomena and forecast earthquakes.The first known forecast was made by Pherecydes of Syros about 2，500 years ago：He made it as he scooped water from a well and noticed that usually very clean water had suddenly become muddy.Indeed，an earthquake occurred two days later，making Pherecydes famous.Nowadays，seismic(地震的) and remote-sensing methods are considered to have the greatest potential in terms of solving the earthquake prediction problem. Currently，Terra Seismic，an earthquake forecasting company，can identify a forthcoming earthquake with a high level of confidence.Generally，Terra Seismic does not promise to predict a quake if the earthquake's epicentre is located beyond a depth of 40 km.Fortunately，such quakes are almost always harmless，since the quake's energy reduces before reaching the Earth's surface.“Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，” Bruneau，an expert in earthquake engineering，said.“Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地震预测困难的原因以及地震预测的历史和方法等。 1．Why is earthquake forecasting so difficult? A．Some basic physics of earthquakes is unknown. B．Data on the early warning signs are not fully understood. C．Mapping and analysis of the Earth's crust are impossible. D．It is the same as the diagnosis of human illnesses. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However，there are many reasons why predicting quakes is so hard.‘We don't understand some basic physics of earthquakes，’ said Egill，a research professor at the California Institute of Technology.”可知，地震预测如此困难有很多原因，人们对地震的一些基本物理原理尚不清楚是其中之一。故选 A 项。] 2．Why does the author give the example of Pherecydes? A．To explain why Pherecydes was famous. B．To explain ancient Greeks lived very close to nature. C．To show earthquake forecasting is a science with a long history. D．To show remote-sensing methods are the best solution to earthquake prediction. C　[推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，许多资料显示，地震预测在古希腊是一门公认的科学，作者举费雷西德斯的例子是为了表明地震预测是一门历史悠久的科学。故选 C 项。] 3．What does Bruneau mean in paragraph 4? A．Terra Seismic can predict an earthquake. B．Scientists have methods of predicting earthquakes. C．Some quakes are harmless if the quake's energy is released. D．Scientists have no reliable way to predict an earthquake. D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘Scientists have tried every possible method to try to predict earthquakes，’ Bruneau，an expert in earthquake engineering，said.‘Nobody has been able to crack it and make a believable prediction.’”可知，科学家们已经尝试了所有可能的方法来预测地震，但没有人能够给出可信的预测。由此可推知，在第四段中布鲁诺的意思是科学家没有可靠的方法来预测地震。故选 D项。] 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The reasons for earthquake forecasting. B．The history of earthquake forecasting. C．The methods of earthquake forecasting. D．The future of earthquake forecasting. C　[主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，地震预测是人类已知的最古老的技能之一；结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了地震预测的方法，并介绍了地震预测困难的原因等。故选C项。] Ⅳ．完形填空 Joel Boyers and his wife，Melody Among，were heading home in their helicopter (直升飞机) when he received a call for help from a stranger.The caller's brother and her 　1　 were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater. The caller 　2　 Joel Boyers to come to save her brother and daughter.Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds.Aware of the danger to 　3　 in such bad weather，though，he 　4　 put the brother's address into his 　5　．Soon，he and Among were in the air，　6　 for what they were about to see in Waverly. Upon arriving，he found the water below was 　7　．People were holding on to anything that didn't move — roofs，trees.The flooding also 　8　 cell phone service，meaning Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate the 　9　 he was looking for.He flew on anyway. As Boyers drove the helicopter，Among began 　10　 people on roofs and bridges — anywhere Boyers could 　11　 and get them on board.A rescued man pointed to a teenager.The teenager held on to a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she'd saved earlier while both were 　12　 in the current.With no place for Boyers to land，he 　13　 the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line.The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree，where he helped the teen and the dog to the 　14　. Though the experience was 　15　，Boyers admitted it was fun. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Joel Boyers和他的妻子Melody Among不顾危险，驾驶直升机营救被洪水围困的人的故事。 1．A.neighbor　　　　　　 B．wife C．friend 　 D．daughter D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：打电话者的弟弟和她的女儿由于上涨的洪水被困在韦弗利的屋顶。根据下文“The caller ________ Joel Boyers to come to save her brother and daughter.”可知，打电话者的弟弟和女儿被困。故选D。] 2．A.ordered 　 B．attracted C．begged 　 D．challenged C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：打电话者恳求Joel Boyers来营救他们。根据上文“trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater”和下文“to come to save her brother and daughter”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此是恳求Joel Boyers来营救他们。故选C。] 3．A.pack 　 B．fly C．quit 　 D．swim B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然意识到在如此恶劣条件下飞行的危险性，但是，他还是立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。根据第一段中“were heading home in their helicopter when he received a call for help from a stranger”可知，他们要用直升机去营救求助人，结合句中“in such bad weather”和常识可推知，在如此恶劣条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。] 4．A.immediately 　 B．secretly C．gradually 　 D．creatively A　[考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。根据下文“Soon，he and Among were in the air”可知，虽然有危险，但Joel Boyers并没有迟疑，而是马上输入求助者的地址，展开救援。故选A。] 5．A.card 　 B．pocket C．computer 　 D．phone D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意同第3小题。根据下文“Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate the ________ he was looking for.He flew on anyway.”可知，Boyers把地址输入手机来帮助定位。故选D。] 6．A.unprepared 　 B．took C．relieved 　 D．recognized A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，他和Among就在空中，对他们即将在韦弗利看到的一切毫无准备。根据上文“Soon，he and Among were in the air”可知，他们很匆忙，还没有准备好在韦弗利将会看到什么。故选A。] 7．A.peaceful 　 B．rapid C．familiar 　 D．clean B　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一到达营救地的上空，他们就发现下面的水流很急。根据下文“People were holding on to anything that didn't move — roofs，trees.”可知，人们抓住固定的东西，怕被冲走，说明水流很急。故选B。] 8．A.revised 　 B．delivered C．damaged 　 D．brought C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：洪水也破坏了手机服务，这就意味着Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子。根据下文“meaning Boyers couldn't use his phone to locate ...”可知，Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子，说明洪水也破坏了手机服务。故选C。] 9．A.house 　 B．tree C．car 　 D．bridge A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。根据上文“were trapped on their roof”和“he was looking for”可知，Boyers在寻找的是一幢房子。故选A。] 10．A.debating with 　 B．adapting to C．talking to 　 D．searching for D　[考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 当Boyers驾驶直升机时，Among开始搜寻屋顶上的人和桥。A.debating with争论；B.adapting to适应。根据上文“were trapped on their roof”可知，求助者被困在屋顶，因此Among在搜寻屋顶上的人。故选D。] 11．A.land 　 B．rise C．jump 　 D．look A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何让Boyers着陆的地方，使求救者上来。根据上文“bridges”和下文“With no place for Boyers to land”可推知，他们除了找人外，还要找直升机可以着陆的桥面或者类似的地方。故选A。] 12．A.training 　 B．exploring C．experimenting 　 D．struggling D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个青少年一只手抓着树干，另一只手抓住她救的小狗，两个都在水里挣扎。根据上文“The teenager held on to a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she'd saved earlier”可知，被困洪水，两个在水里挣扎。故选D。] 13．A.reserved 　 B．lowered C．followed 　 D．designed B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：找不到着陆的地方，Boyers就降低直升机到水面线上。根据下文“until it hovered just above the water line”可知，由于找不到着陆的地方，他就降低直升机到水面线上。故选B。] 14．A.home 　 B．school C．helicopter 　 D．truck C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：获救的男子跳下水，游向树，帮助女孩和小狗进入到直升机里。根据上文“the helicopter until it hovered just above the water line”可知，他们是被直升机救了。故选C。] 15．A.common 　 B．awkward C．adventurous 　 D．formal C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这次经历很冒险，但是Boyers觉得很快乐。根据上文“Aware of the danger to”和“With no place for Boyers to land，he ________ the helicopter until it hovered just above the water line.”可知，这一次救援行动充满危险。故选C。] Ⅴ．语法填空 Floods are common and frequently destructive natural events that affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide.Though the causes of floods—usually heavy rainfall or melted snow—are unavoidable，knowledge of the correct procedures before，during and after a flood can make 1．________ difference. Before a flood occurs，we must work 2．________(reduce) the risk to people and their 3．________(possession).Firstly，you should prepare disaster supplies 4．________ include a light source，sleeping bags，warm clothes，and most importantly，at least three days of food and drinking water.Secondly，you should bring the most important objects to the upper levels of your house，5．________(ensure) that they will be less likely to be ruined. During a flood，it's important to leave 6．________ you are immediately.The longer you stay，the more danger you'll be in.Be sure to move to 7．________(high) ground.If you're already inside a building，move to the upper floor.Don't walk or drive through the moving floodwater，since as little as 15 centimetres of moving water 8．________(be)enough to knock down an adult，and 60 centimetres can wash most cars away. 9．________ a flood，be attentive enough to official news reports to find out when it's safe to return to your home.As you return home，watch out for possible dangers.The flood may have damaged roads and power lines already.Keep away from the 10．________(pollute) floodwater as it may be unsafe to touch. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。虽然洪水是不可避免的，但了解洪水发生前后及发生期间的正确应对步骤可以起到重要作用。 1．a　[考查不定冠词。句意：虽然造成洪水的原因——通常是暴雨或融雪——是不可避免的，但了解洪水发生之前、期间和之后的正确应对步骤可以起到重要作用。make a difference 为固定搭配，意为“有影响；起作用”。故填a。] 2．to reduce　[考查不定式。句意：在洪水来临之前，我们必须力争减少对人们及其财产的威胁。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填 to reduce。] 3．possessions　[考查名词复数。句意同上。possession 意为“财产”时为可数名词，根据 their 可知，应用名词复数形式。故填possessions。] 4．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：首先，你应该准备救灾物资，包括光源、睡袋、保暖衣物，最重要的是，至少三天的食物和饮用水。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为 supplies，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用 that/which 引导该从句。故填 that/which。] 5．ensuring　[考查动词-ing形式。句意：其次，你应该把最重要的物品移到你的房子的上层，确保它们不太可能被破坏。设空处作结果状语，应用非谓语形式， ensure的逻辑主语为前面整句话，两者之间为主动关系，且表示一种自然而然的结果，应用动词-ing形式作状语。故填 ensuring。] 6．where　[考查宾语从句。句意：洪水发生时，立即离开你所在的地方是很重要的。设空处引导宾语从句，此处表示“你所在的地方”，应用 where 引导该从句。故填 where。] 7．higher　[考查形容词比较级。句意：一定要转移到地势较高的地方。根据语境可知，此处表示“更高的”，应用形容词比较级。故填 higher。] 8．is　[考查时态与主谓一致。句意：不要在流动的洪水中行走或开车，因为只要15厘米流动的水就足以冲倒一个成年人，而 60厘米流动的水可以将大多数汽车冲走。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 15 centimetres of moving water，表示单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式。故填 is。] 9．After　[考查介词。句意：洪水过后，要密切关注官方的新闻报道，以了解何时可以安全回家。根据语境可知，此处表示“在……之后”，应用介词after。故填 After。] 10．polluted　[考查形容词。句意：远离被污染的洪水，因为接触它可能是不安全的。设空处修饰 floodwater，表示“受污染的”，应用形容词，作定语。故填 polluted。] 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$