07 UNIT 1 Nature in the balance Period 7 单元回顾及综合检测-【名师导航】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步讲义(译林版2020)

Period 7　 默写背诵(Nature in the balance) 1．ecosystem n．生态系统 2．biodiversity n．生物多样性 3．nut n．坚果 4．beneath prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上 5．hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材) 6．mammal n．哺乳动物 7．jaguar n．美洲豹，美洲虎 8．frog n．蛙，青蛙 9．insect n．昆虫 10．microorganism n．微生物 11．nutrient n．营养素，营养物 12．carbon n．碳 13．oxygen n．氧，氧气 14．thus adv.因此，从而；这样 15．cattle n．牛 16．shark n．鲨鱼 17．whale n．鲸 18．deer n．鹿 19．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 20．dolphin n．海豚 1．various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 2．soil n．土壤；国土，领土，土地 3．overseas adj.海外的，国外的 adv.在海外，向国外 4．region n．地区，区域；行政区 5．continent n．大陆，陆地，洲 6．million num.一百万；许多，大量 7．species n．种，物种 8．wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物 9．mass n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 10．towering adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的 11．survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 12．agriculture n．农业，农学 13．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 14．extinction n．灭绝，绝种 15．damage vt.& n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 16．climate n．气候；倾向，风气 17．greenhouse n．温室，暖房 18．gas n．气体；煤气；汽油 19．drought n．旱灾，久旱 20．application n．应用，运用；申请 21．brochure n．小册子 22．absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其 23．belt n．地带，地区；腰带；传送带 24．medal n．奖章，勋章 25．image n．形象；图像；意象 26．track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 27．nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不 28．resident n．居民，住户 29．chief n．首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的 30．committee n．委员会 31．entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地 32．smog n．雾霾，烟雾 33．protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对 34．profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 35．process n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 36．policy n．政策，方针；原则 37．branch n．(政府或机构) 部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 38．strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署 39．recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 40．subway n．地铁；地下人行道 41．poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药 42．consequence n．结果，后果；重要性 43．further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进 1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 2．long adj.长的，长时间的→length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 3．variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→ various adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 4．disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失；失踪 5．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的 6．globe n．地球→global adj.全球的；全面的 7．organize v．组织→organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 8．defend v．防守；防御；辩护→defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 9．economy n．经济；节俭→economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 1．in turn 相应地，转而 2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成) 3．breathe life into 给……带来起色，注入活力 4．due to 由于，因为 5．build up 逐渐增加，扩大 6．come up with 想出，想到 7．call for(公开) 要求；需要 8．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到) 9．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 10．give rise to 使发生(或存在) 1．Welcome to the jungle，a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals． 欢迎来到这片丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。 2．The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米，比长江还长约100千米。 3．The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife． 雨林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。 4．Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things. 雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家园。 5．While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。 6．These frogs，in turn，feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. 相应地，这些青蛙以昆虫为食，而昆虫则吃树叶和水果。 7．Over the past 50 years，about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 在过去的 50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失了。 8．As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer，we are left with a question：can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？ 随着人类活动的影响不断增加，濒危物种名单越来越长，这就留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？ 9．In defence of the factories，however，I'd like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce. 不过，为工厂说句公道话，我想指出的是我们也在努力控制所产生的污染量。 假如你是校学生会主席，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。请根据以下内容，写一份倡议书： 1．保护环境是我们的职责； 2．我们要养成环保的习惯(例如绿色出行，不乱扔垃圾等)； 3．发出环保的号召。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ [高分范文背诵] Dear friends， As we can see，the environment around us is getting worse.Protecting the environment is our responsibility and it's high time we should set about doing something. Here are some tips for us to develop some positive habits.Initially，we suggest everyone go to school on foot or by bike.Using public transportation can also be a practical alternative.Besides，we are against throwing waste everywhere.Above all，we are supposed to raise our environmental awareness.Small actions such as saving water can make a great difference to our earth. I'm fully convinced that our joint effort will pay off in the long run. Thank you! The Students' Union [片段1] His face cracked into a smile as he saw Jane standing there，safe and sound.They hugged tightly with tears streaming down their cheeks.Then they got on the truck together，heading to the lake which they were longing for.Just at that moment，Jane felt very regretful.Looking at Tom's twinkling eyes，she promised herself that she would never leave him again. [片段2] Filled with delight，Ali walked home quickly.He could not wait to see his sister and share the thrilling news.On his arrival，Ali found Zahra was waiting outside.She was really nervous whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting.“Zahra，see what I have got for you.” He took the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands.The instant Zahra saw the shoes，her face lit up.So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali.“Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and sister hugged tightly together. 单元综合检测(一) 第一部分　阅读 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Discover Nature Schools Programmes Becoming Bears (Kindergarten－2 grade) By becoming baby bears，children learn from their “parent”to survive the seasons.Kids will find safety in the spring and learn kinds of food bears eat during the summer，and then create a cave for winter hibernation (冬眠).After learning the skills needed to survive，students will go out of the cave as an independent black bear able to care for themselves.(1.5－2 hours) Whose Clues? (3－5 grade) Kids will discover how plants and animals use their special structures to survive.Through outdoor study of plants and animals，kids will recognise their special structures and learn how they enable species to eat，avoid their enemies and survive.Using what they have learnt，kids will choose one species and tell how they survive in their living places.(3－4 hours) Winged Wonders (3－5 grade) Birds add colour and sound to our world and play an important ecological(生态的) role.Students will learn the basics of birds，understand the role birds play in food chains and go bird-watching using field guides and telescopes.Students will do hands-on activities.Students will use tools to build bird feeders，allowing them to attract birds at home.(3－4 hours) Exploring Your Watershed (6－8 grade) We all depend on clean water.Examining how our actions shape the waterways around us.Go on a hike to see first-hand some of the challenging water quality problems in a city.Students will test the water quality to determine the health of an ecosystem. ·Each programme is taught for a class with at least 10 students. ·All programmes include plenty of time outdoors.So please prepare proper clothing，sunscreen and insect killers for children. ·To take part in a programme，please e-mail：dcprogrammesmdc.mo.gov. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了旨在让学生了解和体验大自然的一些项目。 1．What can kids do at Becoming Bears? A．Watch bears' performances. B．Take care of bears. C．Dress up as baby bears to learn about bears. D．Learn how to survive a bear attack. C　[细节理解题。根据Becoming Bears标题下内容中的第一句可知，孩子们扮演成小熊来了解熊的生活习性。故选C。] 2．Kids who are interested in plants will choose ________. A．Winged Wonders B．Exploring Your Watershed C．Becoming Bears D．Whose Clues? D　[细节理解题。根据Whose Clues？标题下内容中的“Kids will discover how plants and animals use their special structures to survive.”可知，喜欢植物的学生可以选择该项目。故选D。] 3．According to the passage，all the four programmes ________． A．have the same teaching hours B．have outdoor activities C．are offered during summer holidays D．are designed for primary school students B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“All programmes include plenty of time outdoors.”可以得到答案。故选B。] B Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big，tough African elephants running away，a new study says.Beehives (蜂巢)—either recorded or real—may even prevent elephants from damaging farmers' crops. In 2002，scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.Today，Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.But before she asked farmers to go to the trouble of setting up beehives on their farms，she needed to find out if the bees would scare elephants away. Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive，which burst into life.Lucy and her assistant hid in their car until the angry bees had calmed down.Next，Lucy searched out elephant families in Samburu National Reserve in northern Kenya and put a speaker in a tree close to each family. From a distance，Lucy switched on the pre-recorded sound of angry bees while at the same time recording the elephants with a video camera.Half the elephant groups left the area within ten seconds.Out of a total of 17 groups，only one group ignored the sound of the angry bees.Lucy reported that all the young elephants immediately ran to their mothers to hide under them.When Lucy played the sound of a waterfall (瀑布) instead of the angry bees to many of the same elephant families，the animals were undisturbed.Even after four minutes，most of the groups stayed in one place. Lucy is now studying whether the elephants will continue to avoid the sound of angry bees after hearing it several times.She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know，but her initial (最初的) results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.She has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。一项最新的研究表明大象会害怕蜜蜂，为了让农民利用蜜蜂的声音防止大象破坏庄稼，Lucy做了实验，表明大象对于蜜蜂的声音是畏惧的，但是为了更有效地证明它的效果，Lucy还要进一步进行研究。 4．We know from the passage that elephants may be frightened of _______ . A．loud noises　　　　 B．some crops C．video cameras 　 D．angry bees D　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Recordings of angry bees are enough to send big，tough African elephants running away，a new study says.(一项新的研究表明，蜜蜂发出的愤怒声音的录音足以让强壮的非洲大象逃跑)”可知，大象会害怕愤怒的蜜蜂。故选D。] 5．As mentioned in the passage，Lucy ________. A．works by herself in Africa B．needs to test more elephant groups C．has stopped elephants eating crops D．has got farmers to set up beehives on their farms B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“She hasn't tested enough groups yet to know，but her initial results were promising enough to begin trials with farmers.(她还没有对足够多的象群进行测试，但她的初步结果令人鼓舞，足以开始用于农民试验)”可知，Lucy需要检测更多的大象群。故选B。] 6．Why did Lucy throw a stone into a wild beehive? A．To record the sound of bees. B．To make a video of elephants. C．To see if elephants would run away. D．To find out more about the behavior of bees. A　[推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in northern Kenya and set up a recorder.Then she threw a stone into the beehive，which burst into life.(Lucy在肯尼亚北部一棵树上发现了一个野生蜂巢，并安装了一台录音机。然后她往蜂巢里扔了一块石头，蜜蜂们一下子就炸开了)”可知，Lucy向野生蜂巢扔石头，是让蜜蜂生气从而记录下蜜蜂的声音。故选A。] 7．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Young elephants ignore African honeybees. B．Waterfalls can make elephants stay in one place. C．Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them. D．Farmers do not allow Lucy to conduct tests in their fields. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In 2002，scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.(2002年，科学家Lucy King和她的团队发现大象会避开某些有蜜蜂生活的树)”可知，C项“大象不会靠近有蜜蜂的树”是正确的。故选C。] C Looking for a fun World Earth Day activity? You may want to try plogging，or picking up litter while jogging.The new “sport” is becoming extremely popular with runners worldwide，many of whom are posting photos of themselves and friends holding bags of trash on social media. Originated from the word jogging and “plocka upp”，a Swedish expression which means “pick up”，plogging is the idea of Erik Alström.In 2016，after moving to Stockholm，Alström became increasingly agitated at the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work.Since picking up litter while on his bike was hard to do，Alström began making the activity part of his daily runs.“I was shocked by the amount of junk along the way，” he said.“The same trash could remain on the road for several weeks without anyone picking it up，so I started picking it up.” Other joggers soon joined Alström，and，by the end of 2016，the activity became so popular that official “plogging” events，with groups of runners entering，began appearing suddenly all across Sweden.As plogging began turning up on social media，the new “sport” started to spread beyond Sweden，first to other European countries and then worldwide.The official online “Plogga” group now has members from over 40 countries，all the way from the United States to Thailand and Ecuador.Many school running clubs are also getting in on the action，posting photos of themselves after going plogging together or holding competitions that reward the runner with the heaviest trash bag. According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun，a person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour.This is about 50 calories more than he/she would burn when just jogging.So，why not put on your running shoes，take a trash bag or two and make every day World Earth Day? 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“拾荒慢跑(plogging)”这项新的环保运动，并建议人们养成拾荒慢跑的习惯。 8．What can we learn about plogging from the text? A．It was created on World Earth Day. B．It encourages people to run to work. C．It is enjoyed by worldwide travelers. D．It is an environmentally friendly sport. D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“You may want to try plogging，or picking up litter while jogging.The new ‘sport’ is becoming extremely popular with runners worldwide，many of whom are posting photos of themselves and friends holding bags of trash on social media.(你可能想试试拾荒慢跑——慢跑时捡垃圾。这项新‘运动’在世界各地的跑步者中变得非常流行，很多人都在社交媒体上发布自己和朋友拿着垃圾袋的照片)”可知，拾荒慢跑是一项环保运动。故选D。] 9．What does the underlined word “agitated” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Familiar.　 B．Doubtful. C．Upset.　 D．Interested. C　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中“‘I was shocked by the amount of junk along the way，’ he said.‘The same trash could remain on the road for several weeks without anyone picking it up，so I started picking it up.’(‘沿途的垃圾数量让我很震惊，’他说。‘同样的垃圾可能留在路上几个星期都没有人捡起来，所以我就开始捡起来。’)”以及画线词后文“at the amount of trash on the road during his daily bike ride to work”可知，Alström搬到斯德哥尔摩后，对路上众多的垃圾感到越来越焦虑不安，于是开始了拾荒慢跑。画线词的意思是“焦虑不安的”。故选C。] 10．What plays an important role in making plogging popular around the world? A．The online group “Plogga”． B．The Internet. C．The government. D．School clubs. B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“As plogging began turning up on social media，the new ‘sport’ started to spread beyond Sweden，first to other European countries and then worldwide.(随着拾荒慢跑开始出现在社交媒体上，这项新的‘运动’开始从瑞典蔓延到欧洲其他国家，然后蔓延到全世界)”可知，互联网让拾荒慢跑在全世界流行。故选B。] 11．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．Making plogging a daily habit. B．Doing more exercise to burn calories. C．Improving the environment every day. D．Celebrating this year's World Earth Day. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Swedish fitness app Lifesun，a person burns about 288 calories while plogging for half an hour.This is about 50 calories more than he/she would burn when just jogging.So，why not put on your running shoes，take a trash bag or two and make every day World Earth Day？(根据瑞典健身应用程序Lifesun的数据，一个人在拾荒慢跑半小时的过程中会消耗288卡路里的热量。这比他/她只是慢跑时燃烧的热量多50卡路里。所以，为什么不穿上你的跑鞋，拿一两个垃圾袋，让每天都成为世界地球日呢？)”可推知，在最后一段中作者暗示了应该让拾荒慢跑成为日常习惯。故选A。] D Ms Yuting Zhou is an early-career environmental advisor working on industrial wastewater pollution management.In her work，she's learning about an important type of environmental pollution，and finding ways to help companies manage water resources better. When we asked Yuting how old she was when she got interested in environmental problems，we were surprised by her response.“I must have been about six years old.I used to watch an American TV series about an environmentalist superhero named Captain Planet.” There is one serious pollution event somewhere in the world.The concern about environmental issues deeply influenced Yuting.But how does one prepare to be a “superwoman”？ For Yuting，it came down to a reflection on what she might be good at — in her case，the Science，Technology，Engineering，and Mathematics (STEM) subjects—and making considered choices in her education. She began to study environmental engineering，and found a passion for the subject.While she developed valuable skills that would help her in her career，she also learnt more about herself and her role in the world.“I learnt that science requires a scientific proof through repeated and sometimes long processes.Although I completed and published my research in a top academic journal，I realized that I'm not fit for laboratory work.I needed more interaction with people，and to solve real-life problems.” Within three days of graduating，Yuting was on a plane heading to Kenya.She was excited about working for the United Nations because there were people from various industries and backgrounds gathering to improve the environment and create a more sustainable (可持续的) future — a lot like the setting of Captain Planet which brought light to her in the first place. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了周雨婷女士开始对环境问题感兴趣的起因以及为环境改善所做出的努力。 12．What first exposed Yuting to environmental problems? A．An American TV series. B．A famous environmental expert. C．A famous and popular hero. D．A serious pollution event. A　[细节理解题。根据第二段“When we asked Yuting how old she was when she got interested in environmental problems，we were surprised by her response.‘I must have been about six years old.I used to watch an American TV series about an environmentalist superhero named Captain Planet.(当我们问雨婷从几岁开始对环境问题感兴趣时，她的回答让我们很惊讶。‘那时候我大概六岁。我以前看过一部美剧《地球超人》，讲的是一个环保超级英雄。’)”可知，一部美国电视剧最先让雨婷接触到环境问题。故选A。] 13．What did Yuting consider when she faced the environmental issues? A．How she could make use of her talent. B．What organization she should join. C．How she could become a superwoman. D．What she would focus on studying. D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“The concern about environmental issues deeply influenced Yuting.But how does one prepare to be a ‘superwoman’？ For Yuting，it came down to a reflection on what she might be good at — in her case，the Science，Technology，Engineering，and Mathematics (STEM) subjects—and making considered choices in her education.(对环境问题的关注深深影响了雨婷。但是一个人如何准备成为‘女超人’呢？对于雨婷来说，这可以归结为对自己擅长的学科的反思——对她来说，是科学、技术、工程和数学学科——并在她的教育中做出深思熟虑的选择)”可知，当雨婷面对环境问题时，她会集中精力考虑要学习什么。故选D。] 14．What did Yuting think really help her to deal with environmental problems? A．Publishing lots of papers about them. B．Conducting many researches on them. C．Carrying on many a related experiment. D．Reaching out to as many people as possible. D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I needed more interaction with people，and to solve real-life problems.(我需要更多地与人互动，解决现实生活中的问题)”可知，雨婷接触尽可能多的人能真正帮助她处理环境问题。故选D。] 15．What did Yuting benefit from working in the UN? A．She met with people from all walks of life. B．She knew the key to success. C．She changed her attitude to life. D．She learned how to chat with others. A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She was excited about working for the United Nations because there were people from various industries and backgrounds gathering to improve the environment and create a more sustainable future — a lot like the setting of Captain Planet which brought light to her in the first place.(她对在联合国工作感到很兴奋，因为有来自不同行业和背景的人聚集在一起，改善环境，创造一个更可持续的未来——这很像《地球超人》中的场景，最初给她带来了光明)”可知，雨婷在联合国工作的好处是她会见到各行各业的人。故选A。] 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Help Kids Explore Nature Summer is the best time for kids to spend time in nature.Here are some ways to help kids explore nature in the summer holidays. 　16　 You don't have to teach kids to love nature because they already do.Young children naturally love the outdoors and are fascinated by dirt，rocks，trees and so on.Therefore，the parent's role is more about removing distractions like phones and tablets to enable that exploration to take place. Allow for full engagement with nature.　17　 Bug bites will eventually disappear.Cuts and broken bones heal in time.Let your kids throw themselves into the natural world freely and resist (忍住) the parental urge to shout，“Be careful! Put that down! Ew，that's dirty！” Set a goal for the summer.Make it your family's mission to spend as much time outside as possible in summer.Sit down with your kids and brainstorm ways of doing so.Create a list of places in your area that you can visit and check them off the list.　18　 Prepare an outdoor exploration kit (工具包).Make your nature adventure easy and safe by putting together an exploration kit in advance.Keep it in a box or a bag in your car or on your bike.　19　 They can include hats，sunscreen，snacks，rain jackets and a water bottle. Have a positive attitude.　20　 Instead，consider it a welcome escape for yourself as well.Kids are the best possible excuse to get away from your desk，away from the piles of laundry and dishes，and out of the house for a few hours. A．Clothes can be washed. B．Start by going outside. C．Letting the children get in touch with nature should not feel like a burden in any way. D．You can also consider starting a nature club using online resources. E．Let kids take the lead. F．When kids are involved in planning，they're more eager to participate. G．Don't forget the usual necessities that make outdoor adventures much more pleasant. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要给家长提出了几条在暑期帮助孩子探索大自然的建议。 16．E　[根据下文“You don't have to teach kids to love nature because they already do.Young children naturally love the outdoors and are fascinated by dirt，rocks，trees and so on.Therefore，the parent's role is more about removing distractions like phones and tablets to enable that exploration to take place.(你不必教孩子们热爱自然，因为他们已经这样做了。年幼的孩子天生喜欢户外活动，对泥土、岩石、树木等着迷。因此，家长的角色更多是消除手机和平板电脑等干扰，让探索得以进行)”可知，本段主要介绍在探索自然时，让孩子带头并发挥主导作用。选项E“让孩子们带头”和下文意思一致。故选E。] 17．A　[根据下文“Bug bites will eventually disappear.Cuts and broken bones heal in time.(虫咬最终会消失。伤口和骨折会及时愈合)”可知，这是对让孩子全身心地投入到大自然中进行的举例解释。选项A“衣服脏了可以洗”和下文并列，意思一致，共同服务于段首句。故选A。] 18．F　[根据上文“Set a goal for the summer.Make it your family's mission to spend as much time outside as possible in summer.Sit down with your kids and brainstorm ways of doing so.Create a list of places in your area that you can visit and check them off the list.(为夏天设定一个目标。夏天尽可能多地在户外度过是你家人的使命。和你的孩子坐下来，集思广益。在您的区域中创建一个可以访问的地方列表，并在灯光下进行检查)”可知，上文是介绍让家长和孩子一起头脑风暴，制订计划清单。选项F“当孩子们参与到计划中时，他们更渴望参与其中”和上文意思一致。故选F。] 19．G　[根据下文“They can include hats，sunscreen，snacks，rain jackets and a water bottle.(它们可以包括帽子、防晒霜、零食、雨衣和水瓶)”可知，这里是对工具包进行进一步解释，同时和后文代词“They”构成指代关系。选项G“别忘了让户外探险更愉快的日常必需品”和下文意思一致。故选G。] 20．C　[根据上文“Have a positive attitude.(保持积极的态度)”和下文“Instead，consider it a welcome escape for yourself as well.(相反，你也可以认为这是一种值得欢迎的逃避)”可知，这里建议人们对让孩子到大自然中去要保持积极的态度。选项C“让孩子们接触大自然无论如何都不应该觉得是一种负担”和上下文意思一致。故选C。] 第二部分　语言运用 第一节 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Martin Strel knows a thing or two about rivers.He has been 　21　in them since he was a young boy.Although he holds five world records in marathon swimming，he is best known for using his sport to raise 　22　 of water pollution.After years of swimming in dirty water，he decided he had to do 　23　．He began to swim to 　24　 “peace，friendship and clean water”．He hopes to see 　25　 laws strengthened and strictly performed. So far，he has swum in many of the world's most famous rivers.In 2000，he 　26　 to swim in Europe's second longest river，the Danube.He swam 1，866 miles in 58 days and 　27　 a world record for long-distance swimming.In 2002，Strel swam in the Mississippi River and 　28　 a distance of 2，360 miles in 68 days.In 2007，he swam 3，274 miles of the Amazon River in 66 days.Most of the 　29　 in the Amazon comes from harmful chemicals used in gold mining and oil leaks (泄漏) from 　30　 maintained boats.He 　31　 42 pounds and was so weak that he couldn't feed himself and had to be carried in and out of the 　32　． Still，Strel plans to 　33　 swimming for peace，friendship and clean water，but he would prefer to do it in the ocean.　34　，the world's rivers are simply too dirty.He 　35　 a day when everyone can go swimming in clean water. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Martin Strel从小游泳，在马拉松游泳比赛中保持了五项世界纪录，同时他也利用这项运动提高了人们对水污染的意识。 21．A.living 　 B．playing C．swimming 　 D．jumping C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从小就在河里面游泳。根据下文“After years of swimming in dirty water”可知是在河里游泳。故选C。] 22．A.importance 　 B．knowledge C．idea 　 D．awareness D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他在马拉松游泳比赛中保持了五项世界纪录，但他最出名的是利用这项运动提高人们对水污染的意识。根据下文“He hopes to see ________ laws strengthened and strictly performed.”和“Strel plans to ________ swimming for peace，friendship and clean water”可推知，Strel的目标不仅仅是赢得游泳比赛，他还希望提高人们对水污染的意识。raise awareness“提高意识”。故选D。] 23．A.anything 　 B．something C．nothing 　 D．everything B　[考查代词词义辨析。句意：在经历了多年在脏水里游泳之后，他决定要做点什么。根据下文“He began to swim to ________‘peace，friendship and clean water’．He hopes to see ________ laws strengthened and strictly performed.”可知，Strel决定为改善水污染做点事情。故选B。] 24．A.promote 　 B．permit C．perform 　 D．stop A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始游泳，以促进“和平、友谊和干净的水”。下文“peace，friendship and clean water”是Strel想要促进的环保理念。promote“促进，提倡”，符合语境。故选A。] 25．A.political 　 B．economic C．agricultural 　 D．environmental D　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望看到环境法得到加强和严格执行。根据上文可知，Strel的行为主要是为了改善水污染，所以他希望环境法得到加强。故选D。] 26．A.refused 　 B．failed C．tended 　 D．managed D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年，他成功地游完了欧洲第二长河多瑙河。根据下文“He swam 1，866 miles in 58 days and ________ a world record for long-distance swimming.”可知，他成功游完了欧洲第二长河多瑙河。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”。故选D。] 27．A.kept 　 B．accessed C．held 　 D．set D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在58天内游了1 866英里，创造了长距离游泳的世界纪录。下文“a world record for long-distance swimming”指一项世界纪录；set a world record“创造一项世界纪录”。故选D。] 28．A.covered 　 B．contained C．expanded 　 D．contained A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：2002年，Strel在密西西比河游泳，在68天内游了2 360英里。下文“a distance of 2，360 miles in 68 days”指在68天内游了2 360英里，应用cover“跨越，覆盖”。故选A。] 29．A.population 　 B．poison C．pressure 　 D．pollution D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚马孙地区的大部分污染来自采金过程中使用的有害化学物质和保养不善的船只泄漏的石油。根据下文“comes from harmful chemicals used...”可知，此处说的是污染来源。故选D。] 30．A.well 　 B．poorly C．carefully 　 D．exactly B　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：亚马孙地区的大部分污染来自采金过程中使用的有害化学物质和保养不善的船只泄漏的石油。根据上文“oil leaks from”可推知，船只保养不善，所以石油泄漏。故选B。] 31．A.gained 　 B．weighed C．lost 　 D．got C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：他瘦了42磅，虚弱得自己不进食，只能靠人把他从水里抬进抬出。根据下文“was so weak”可推知，他瘦了，体重减少了42磅。故选C。] 32．A.area 　 B．boat C．lake 　 D．water D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。上文提到他身体很虚弱，所以在游泳过程中需要人把从水里抬进抬出。故选D。] 33．A.give up 　 B．take up C．carry out 　 D．keep on D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管如此，Strel计划为了“和平、友谊和干净的水”继续游泳，但他更喜欢在海洋里游泳。根据下文“swimming for peace，friendship and clean water”可知，此处指为了和平、友谊和干净的水继续游泳，故选D。] 34．A.Happily 　 B．Surprisingly C．Sadly 　 D．Hopefully C　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，世界上的河流实在太脏了。根据下文“the world's rivers are simply too dirty”可知，这是令人感到悲伤的事情。故选C。] 35．A.dreams of 　 B．calls for C．opens up 　 D．puts forward A　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：他梦想有一天每个人都能在干净的水里游泳。根据上文“the world's rivers are simply too dirty”和下文“a day when everyone can go swimming in clean water”可知，这是Strel的梦想。故选A。] 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Giant panda Ya Ya arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on Thursday from Memphis，Tennessee.She returned 36．________ China from the United States after a 20-year loan for a 37．________ (combine) research and protection project. In December，the Memphis Zoo announced that it would return Ya Ya，38．________ arrival in the US made the headlines in 2003．The zoo hosted a goodbye party for the 23-year-old female panda on April 8，with hundreds of people 39．________ (attend) the event. In January，Chinese netizens showed their concern for Ya Ya，for she 40．________ (appear) somewhat malnourished (营养不良) in pictures and videos posted.In response，the Chinese Association of Zoological Gardens said in 41．________ announcement that the zoo had taken good care of her.There was no indication that she was ignored，42．________ (base) on videos of her and the results of 43．________ (month) health reports and annual physical examinations. In 2006，Ya Ya's fur began to fall out，and the condition worsened in 2014．Various 44．________ (form) of treatment were tried by experts at home and abroad，45．________ they were unable to settle the problem，the association said. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章对熊猫丫丫回国以及它的身体状况做了报道。 36．to　[考查介词。句意：在获得为期20年的联合研究和保护项目贷款后，她从美国回到了中国。此处考查动词短语return to，意为“返回”，设空处应用介词to。故填to。] 37．combined　[考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词research应用形容词combined，意为“联合的”，作前置定语。故填combined。] 38．whose　[考查定语从句。句意：在12月，孟菲斯动物园宣布将归还丫丫，2003年时丫丫到达美国登上了新闻头条。此处考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为Ya Ya，作从句主语arrival的定语，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。] 39．attending　[考查非谓语动词。句意：4月8日，动物园为这只23岁的雌性熊猫举办了一场告别派对，数百人参加了这次活动。此处考查with复合结构，设空处与逻辑主语hundreds of people之间为主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式，作宾补。故填attending。] 40．appeared　[考查时态。句意：在1月，中国网民表达了对丫丫的关心，因为在发布的照片和视频中，她似乎有些营养不良。设空处为从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in January可知，此处陈述的事实发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。] 41．an　[考查冠词。句意：作为回应，中国动物园协会在一份声明中表示，该动物园对她照顾得很好。设空处修饰名词announcement，此处为泛指，且以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词，故填an。] 42．based　[考查非谓语动词。句意：从丫丫的视频、月度健康报告和年度体检结果看来，没有任何忽视丫丫的迹象。句子谓语为was，此处考查非谓语动词，base与逻辑主语indication之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填based。] 43．monthly　[考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词health reports应用形容词monthly，意为“每月的，月度”，作前置定语。故填monthly。] 44．forms　[考查名词复数。句意：该协会表示，国内外专家尝试了各种治疗方法，但都无法解决这个问题。various修饰名词，应用复数形式，作主语。故填forms。] 45．but　[考查连词。句意同上。根据前后句意，此处表转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。] 第三部分　写作 第一节 4月22日是世界地球日，今年的主题是“众生的地球”(Earth For All)。你校学生会组织了一次关于世界地球日的社区宣传活动。请你就这次活动写一则报道，内容包括： 1．参加人员； 2．活动过程； 3．活动反响。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Earth For All ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Earth For All A meaningful activity with the theme of Earth For All was held in the local community by the Students' Union on Earth Day.Students of senior grade one headed for the community in the morning，handing out posters to the residents.Speeches to raise the awareness of saving the earth were given and citizens were shown the basic ways to protect the earth. Many students had a better understanding of the theme and the activity was highly thought of by local residents，who promised to make joint efforts to protect the earth. 第二节 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a hot September afternoon，Peter and his friend Isabel were on their way to the library.When they passed by Tubman Park，Isabel suggested cutting through it to get to the library.As they entered the park，the sight of the swings and the merry-go-round brought back a flood of memories of their childhood spent there.But now everything looked so old，sad，and dirty.Litter lay on the ground next to an overflowing trash bin.There were still young schoolchildren playing there but they had to avoid the trash that littered the playground.A little boy told them that the city took the other trash cans away and the remaining one never got emptied often. As they headed toward the library，the two high school students wrinkled their forehead.In the library，they met Mrs Evans，their kind-hearted fifth-grade teacher，retired yet still passionate.Mrs Evans listened as Isabel and Peter eagerly explained what they'd seen.Finally，she recommended them to go to the Go Green，a non-profit organization whose goal is to protect the environment，for help.“This group is good at raising money for projects just like yours，” said Mrs Evans.She promised to present their ideas to Go Green.Hearing this，their face lit up. Two main tasks remained ahead：researching ways to clean up the park and preparing a convincing speech.As Isabel was good at researching while Peter always had a talent for speaking，they worked together quite well.Isabel learned from a science magazine that a new type of trash bin can squeeze the trash down without being emptied often，which saves time，money，and energy.Based on this，Peter practiced his speech over and over again. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 A week later，Peter stood nervously at the back of the hall where Go Green was meeting.______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ After the meeting，Isabel excitedly told Peter the good news._______________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] A week later，Peter stood nervously at the back of the hall where Go Green was meeting.He could feel nothing but his hands shaking and heart pounding.“You'll be great，Peter，” Isabel encouraged him.Just then，Peter heard his name being announced.It was time to present! Peter took a deep breath and then went on the stage.“Tubman Park needs a new kind of trash can，” Peter explained，pointing to a poster of a trash can.Then Peter explained the working principle of the trash can in detail.The judges nodded as they listened，seeming interested in the project. After the meeting，Isabel excitedly told Peter the good news.Go Green had agreed to buy the new trash cans for the park! Hearing the inspiring news，they both leaped into the air with joy.Peter hardly had time to enjoy the moment before Isabel started sharing the news with Mrs Evans and showing their gratitude to her.Learning of the result，Mrs Evans smiled through watery eyes.“I know you can do it! Tubman Park is sure to become one that is clean and green again！” Never before had Peter and Isabel been so proud of themselves. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$