2025年人教版中考英语二轮复习-名词考法及解题技巧课件

精讲 2025四川英语 英语名词中考考法及 解题技巧 温馨提示：点击内容可跳转至相应页面。 2 名词在语法填空中的考查 1 名词在完形填空中的考查 3 名词在单词填空中的考查 近5年中考在完形填空中连续考查名词(绵阳：5年17考；宜宾：5年18考)。主要考查名词词义辨析。 名词在完形填空中的考查 对点训练 Cloze 1 [中华优秀传统文化·中国龙] For thousands of years， Chinese people have had a deep respect for loong， the Chinese dragon. If you travel around China， you’ll find dragons almost everywhere， especially in ancient palaces and temples(庙宇). Some of them are more than 3，500 years old. Now let’s look at the most famous dragons in Chinese  　1　. （　A　）1. A. history B. research C. invention D. record A The four Dragon Kings are the rulers of the oceans and they control  　2　. The Dragon Kings often appear in classical literatures(文学作品). Even today， some places in China honor the Dragon Kings. （　B　）2. A. nature B. weather C. ground D. food The Azure Dragon of the East is one of the most well-known dragons in China. As one of the Four Constellations(四象)， it connects with  　3　. （　D　）3. A. population B. pollution C. direction D. protection B D In ancient Chinese literature， this dragon is proudly described as a famous war  　4　. （　B　）4. A. actor B. hero C. artist D. doctor It is said that flying dragons， which are also called yinglong， actually have  　5　 and spend their time flying through the clouds. They are explained in the first Chinese  　6　， Shuowen Jiezi. A yinglong is often used to represent(代表) a great or successful person. （　C　）5. A. eyes B. hands C. wings D. ears （　D　）6. A. letter B. diary C. report D. dictionary B C D Cloze 2 Do you like outdoor activities？ I’m 14 years old， but I don’t have many real outdoor  　1　. However， this winter holiday， I enjoyed the popular winter sport of skiing. （　B　）1. A. changes B. experiences C. meetings D. competitions Honestly， I didn’t want to learn skiing at first. However， my   　2　 encouraged me， and I finally decided to learn it. （　B　）2. A. father B. mother C. brother D. sister B B After I was fully dressed， I had my first  　3　 at skiing. When I stood up， I found I couldn’t walk even if I tried my best. I stumbled(跌跌撞撞地走) and fell down over and over again in an hour of  　4　. “It’s not interesting as I thought before. I don’t want to learn to ski any more！” I shouted angrily to my mother. （　D　）4. A. silence B. education C. exercise D. practice D （　A　）3. A. try B. visit C. call D. address A My mother then showed me some  　5　 about a great young skier. Through watching the videos， I learned that behind the girl’s  　6　 was all her hard training. Day after day， she fell down and rose up again. As the old Chinese saying goes， “One minute on stage takes ten   　7　 of practice.” The story encouraged me. Then I cheered myself up and stood up again. After a lot of practice， I was successful in skiing down a 40-meter-high slope(斜坡). At that moment， I felt a strong sense of  　8　. When I looked at my mother， she was also smiling at me. （　D　）7. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years （　A　）8. A. pride B. truth C. purpose D. duty D A （　B　）5. A. messages B. videos C. clothes D. habits （　C　）6. A. pleasure B. pity C. success D. effort B C Now， skiing has become one of my favorite 　9　. That experience taught me much about persistence(锲而不舍). I also learned the  　10　of taking risks. What a valuable experience it was！ I’ll remember it forever. （　B　）10. A. direction B. meaning C. reason D. memory B （　C　）9. A. subjects B. decisions C. hobbies D. relatives C 近5年中考在语法填空中连续考查名词(绵阳：5年7考；宜宾：5年5考)，主要有以下两种考查角度：①变复数(绵阳：5年5考；宜宾：5年4考)；②变形容词(绵阳：2023.40，2024.44；宜宾：2023.74)。具体解题技巧如下： 名词在语法填空中的考查 课标知识导图 用所给名 词的适当 形式填空 变复数 变形容词 变复数 1.可数名词复数＋谓语动词复数形式(动词原形)/系动词为are/were 2.固定用法或句型：a pair of/all kinds of＋可数名词复数；one of(＋the＋形容词最高级) + 可数名词复数 3.some/many/several/these/those/few/afew＋可数名词复数 4.大于1的基数词＋可数名词复数 [例]The books are worth reading. [例]one of the best ways [例]few life skills [例]three days 变复数 5.可数名词复数＋and＋可数名词复数 6.结合上下文语境 7.句中有指示填复数的代词 8.结合常识和语境只能用复数形式 9.用于固定短语或固定搭配中 [例]They became friends. [例]trousers，socks，shoes，scissors [例]take notes，do morning exercises [例]apples and bananas [例]He could be a good example for his classmates. 变形容词 1.形容词＋名词 2.系动词＋形容词 3.形容词＋and/or＋形容词 4.复合不定代词＋形容词 [例]a smart boy [例]The little girl is lovely. [例]They are very polite and helpful. [例]She has something meaningful to share. [例]It is important for me to keep notes in the class. 5.所填词位于固定句型“It is +adj.(for/of sb.)+to do sth.”或“make/leave＋sb./sth.＋adj.”中 知识必备 一、可数名词变复数的规则 规则 变化 例词 规律 material→① 　materials　(绵阳：2024.38) hospital→hospitals(绵阳：2023.43) problem→problems(宜宾：2022.75) friend→friends(宜宾：2023.69) way→ways　interest→interests hour→hours　answer→answers star→stars　mistake→mistakes　map→maps 1.一般情况，词尾直接加② 　-s　 materials - s 规则 变化 例词 规律 face→faces　house→houses 2.以-ce， -se，-ze等结尾的词，词尾直接加-s boy→boys　toy→toys 3.以元音字母加-y结尾的词，词尾直接加-s radio→radios　zoo→zoos 4.以元音字母加-o结尾的词，词尾直接加-s dish→③ 　dishes　(宜宾：2022.67) watch→watches　bus→buses 5.以-s， -x， -sh， -ch结尾的词，词尾加④ 　-es　 dishes -es 规则 变化 例词 规律 baby→⑤ 　babies　　story→stories 6.以辅音字母加-y结尾的词， ⑥ 　 变 y 为 i，再加-es　 knife→⑦ 　knives　　leaf→leaves 7.以字母-f/-fe结尾的词，⑧ 　变 f/fe 为 v，再 加-es　 tomato→⑨ 　tomatoes　　hero→heroes 8.以辅音字母加-o结尾的词，有生命的常加 ⑩ 　-es　 photo→photos　piano→pianos 9.以辅音字母加-o结尾的词，无生命的常加-s babies　 变 y 为 i，再加-es knives　 变 f/fe 为 v，再加-es tomatoes -es 不规则 变化 例词 规律 sheep→sheep　deer→deer　fish→fish(鱼的条数) 10.单复数同形 man→men　woman→women 11.改a为e型 foot→feet　tooth→teeth　goose→geese 12.改oo为ee型 child→children(绵阳：2022.36) 13.在词尾加-ren mouse→mice 14.其他形式 Englishman→Englishmen German→Germans American→Americans Chinese→Chinese 15.表示某国人：变man为men，或词尾加-s或不变形 二、名词变形容词的规则 名词变形容词 例词 规律 use→① 　useful　(绵阳：2023.40) help→helpful　wonder→wonderful 1.词尾加② 　-ful　 use→③  　useless　　care→careless 2.词尾加④ 　-less　 health→⑤ 　healthy　(宜宾：2024.74)　rain→rainy　sun→sunny 3.名词加⑥ 　-y 或双写最后一个字母加-y　 tradition→traditional　 nature→⑦ 　natural　 4.名词加⑧ 　-al　(包含去e加-al) useful -ful useless -less healthy -y 或双写最 后一个字母加-y natural -al 名词变形容词 例词 规律 north→⑨ 　northern　　south→southern 5.名词加⑩ 　-ern　(表示方向) love→⑪ 　lovely　　friend→friendly 6.名词加⑫ 　-ly　(包含变y为i加-ly) value→⑬ 　valuable　　fashion→fashionable 7.名词加⑭ 　-able　(包含去e加-able) danger→⑮ 　dangerous　　　fame→famous 8.名词加⑯ 　-ous　(包含去e加-ous) wood→⑰ 　wooden　　gold→golden 9.名词加⑱ 　-en　 northern -ern lovely -ly valuable　 -able dangerous　 -ous wooden　 -en 对点训练 [中华优秀传统文化·墨子和“兼爱非攻”]To me， one of the most inspiring (鼓舞人心的) people in Chinese history is Mozi (about 476 BC-390 BC). It is said that Mozi was a soldier. The great 1.  　 man’s　(man) hobby was doing woodwork， and he loved to make things out of wood. And he was the 2.  　inventor　(invent) of the kite. But in fact， above all， he was a great thinker. man’s　 inventor　 Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. Every3.  　country’s　(country) leader wanted to become the strongest person with the great power. In order to get more land and people， as well as to have more resources(资源)， many kingdoms were fighting against each other at that time. In these 4.  　wars　(war)， the common people were always hurt. Mozi felt sad to see such things. He wanted to do something 5.  　helpful　(help) for the common people. Mozi deeply realized that the fighting among kingdoms had to stop， so he spent his life trying to bring peace to 6.  　people’s　(people) lives. country’s　 wars　 helpful　 people’s　 His idea of love was one of the reasons that Mozi wanted peace. It was important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else， whether they were family， friends， or 7.  　strangers　(stranger). Fights and arguments could be avoided if people were 8.  　friendly　(friend) towards everything in their lives. There would be more understanding between people as well. In such a situation， 9.  　problems　(problem) could be better solved. He also believed kingdoms should avoid attacking one another. strangers　 friendly　 problems　 Though Mozi lived more than 2，000 years ago， his 10.  　ideas　(idea) live on. I think he is still a great inspiration to many people. Now， more than ever， people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love， and work together to build a community of a shared future for mankind. ideas　 近5年中考在单词填空中连续考查名词(宜宾：5年22考，单词填空)，主要有以下三种考查角度：①首字母(宜宾：5年7考)；②音标(宜宾：5年7考)；③汉语提示(宜宾：5年8考)。 名词在单词填空中的考查 对点训练 1. (2024遂宁75题)Qi Jiguang is one of the greatest national h  　 heroes　　in China. We will remember him forever. 2. Making a p 　 plan　　 ahead can help you organize your time better. 3. The road to your dreams is just under your f 　 feet　. 4. I always believe everyone can get good g 　 grades　if he or she studies hard at school. 5. Setting daily t  　 tasks　 　can make us feel happy after finishing them. 6. Art and culture serve as a  　 bridge　/brɪdʒ/ of communication between different countries. eroes lan eet rades asks bridge 7. Learning to play the violin requires hard work and  　 patience　　/ˈpeɪʃns/， but it’s all worth it when you can play your favorite songs. 8. It’s always warm and sweet when family  　 members　(成员) get together. 9. When I have difficulty in making a  　 decisi(决定)， my parents always provide me with suggestions. 10. Your future success depends on every  　 choice　(选择) you make， so make sure you choose wisely and correctly. patience members decision choice $$