高二英语开学摸底考（天津专用）-2024-2025学年高中下学期开学摸底考试卷

2025届高二下学期开学摸底考试卷（天津专用） 英语·参考答案 第I卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B C A D C A A D A C 11 12 13 14 15 C A A B C 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 24 B D A C A B C B D D 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 A C C A D A D B B D 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 44 A B D D B D A A A C 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 D B C A C A B C D A 第II卷 第三部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56、Reduce. 57．The current news, sports scores and fun facts. 58．She learned the hospital settings and system and different life of others. 59．She feels truly grateful and honored. 60．I realized that everyone can make a difference through doing voluntary work. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) Dear Chris, How is it going these days? A Chinese painting and calligraphy exhibition will be held next week in Tianjin Library. Considering you are rather interested in learning Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to come with me.   I’m certain that you will enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters and paintings, which present the unique charm of Chinese culture. Moreover, it can enrich your cultural knowledge and improve your understanding of the Chinese people by appreciating the artistic works, which reflect the living conditions and good will of the people in ancient and modern China. We will meet at the library gate at 10:00 on Saturday morning. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Jin 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025届高二下学期开学摸底考试卷（天津专用) 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 条 码粘贴处 ■ 缺考标记 注意事项 ▣ 1,答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填渝 2. 请将准考证条码粘黏在右俱的条码粘贴处]的方框内。 缺考标记！只能 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5章米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整 由监考老师负 4.请按题号序在各题的答题区内作答.超出范用的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效 责用黑色字迹 5,保特卡面清洁，不要折秀、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 的签字笔填涂。 6. 填涂样例正确■错误一[√][×] 选择题（请用2B铅笔填涂） 1[AJ[B]ICIDI AJIBJICIDI 11[A][B]ICIID] ■ 2JAJ[BJICHID] ZAJIBIICHD] 12AJIBIICHD] ■ 31AJIB]ICID] 8AJIBJICID] 13.IAIB]ICID] 4A]IBIICIDI AJIBIICHDI 14[A]IBIICHID] 5AJIBIICIDI 10.A][B]ICID] 151A]IBIICID] ■ 16.A][BIICIDI 21[AIIBIICI[D] 26.[A]IBIICI[DI 17AJIBJICHD] 221AIIBIIC]ID] 271AJIBIICJID] ■ ■ 18[AJIBIICIIDI 23.[AI[BIICIID] 281A]IBI[CIID] 19AJ[B]ICIIDI 24AIIBIICIID] 29[AJIBIICIIDI 20.AIIBIICHIDI 25.1AlIBIICIID] 30.1AI[B]ICJID] ■ 31A]B][CIID] 36.1AIIBIICIID] 411AIBICIDI 32AJIBJICJID] 37AIIBIICJID] 421AJIB]ICI[DI ■ 33.[AI[BIICIIDI 38.[AI[BIICIID] 43.JA]IBI[CI[DI 341A][B]ICJID] 39.1AI[B][CJ[D] 44AJIB]IC]ID] ■ 35.[AJIB]ICIIDI 40.[Al[B][C][D] 45[A]IBJICIID] ■ 46AIIB]ICJID] 511AIIBIICIID] ■ 47A][BJ[C]ID] 52.[AJ[B]ICI[D] 48[AI[B]ICIID] 53.1AJIBIIC][D] ■ 4.JAIIB][C]ID] 54[AI[BJIC][D] 50.[A][B][CIID] 551A]IBIICI[D] ■ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 非选择题（请在各试题的答题区内作答） 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 11 72. 73 74. 75. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） Dear Chris How is it going these days? Yours, LiJin 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 2025届高二下学期开学摸底考试卷（天津专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：130分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—Michael was late for Professor Yang’s philosophy class this morning. —______? As far as I know, he loves philosophy and always comes to class on time. A．Guess what B．How come C．So what D．Why 2．— Did you have butterflies in your stomach at the interview? — ________. That was my first job interview. A．It depends B．Not really C．You bet D．Never mind 3．Casey’s Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business. I tried to think of some words of ______, but I had to admit that it couldn’t stay in business much longer. A．sympathy B．security C．tendency D．component 4．A strong password is ________ for protecting your personal information online because it stops other people from getting into your accounts. A．varied B．short C．easy D．crucial 5．The manager came up with a new sales plan at the meeting, which will be discussed ________ by the salesmen. A．originally B．rarely C．subsequently D．literally 6．________her illness leaving her very weak at times, she tries to gain pleasure from life A．Despite B．However C．Although D．Instead of 7．He started telling us what to do ________ he arrived. A．instantly B．while C．until D．though 8．New measures have been adopted to ________ local industry. A．approve B．compete C．cast D．promote 9．After careful consideration, Ann has decided to ________ the restaurant after her dad’s retirement due to her love for cooking. A．take over B．sell out C．look for D．break into 10．The doctor ordered the woman to be________all solid food for at least twenty four hours. A．kept out B．kept away C．kept off D．kept up 11．________space, more and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities. A．In search of B．In place of C．For lack of D．For fear of 12．The house ________ by the workers when it started to rain. A．was being painted B．was been painting C．has been painting D．will be painting 13．Lily meant ________ money for a new car, but she ended up spending it on clothes instead. A．to have saved B．saving C．to save D．having saved 14．You haven’t gone anywhere today. You ________ your bag in the office. A．could have left B．must have left C．could leave D．must leave 15．There was a big screen in the corner of the new bookstore, _________ customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller were being displayed. A．when B．whose C．where D．which 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer. After two years as a salesman, I 16 my job and made up my mind to realize my 17 . No one could tell me whether I would succeed or not. I rented a basement and 18 to write. I had so many things to write because the enthusiasm (热情) was 19 in my heart. After a year or so, 20 , I began to doubt myself. I found it 21 to earn my living by writing. None of my novels were 22 that year. But I 23 to follow my dream, even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of 24 . I believed anyone with a dream must learn to struggle for the 25 . During the hardest period of my life, a friend came to see me and tried to 26 me, “Come to our company, 27 we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.” 2,000 dollars was really a big fortune at that time. It would enable me to live a 28 life. As the money was dancing in my 29 , something cleared my senses. Hadn’t I dreamed of being a writer, a full-time writer? “Thanks, but no,” I said 30 , “I’m going to stick to writing.” Again and again, I said to myself, “I will be 31 . People will love my novels.” 32 my first novel was published in 1991. I had the kind of success that few writers ever 33 . Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life has 34 . Now I often 35 the time working in that cold basement. I will say, “Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.” 16．A．took up B．gave up C．applied for D．prepared for 17．A．mistake B．glory C．weakness D．dream 18．A．settled down B．turned down C．bent down D．looked down 19．A．decreasing B．failing C．burning D．exploding 20．A．however B．though C．therefore D．thus 21．A．enjoyable B．difficult C．changeable D．normal 22．A．translated B．attacked C．accepted D．ignored 23．A．pretended B．determined C．waited D．agreed 24．A．anxiety B．danger C．judgement D．failure 25．A．intelligence B．reality C．money D．goal 26．A．persuade B．calm C．warn D．comfort 27．A．or B．but C．and D．so 28．A．healthier B．poorer C．better D．simpler 29．A．head B．life C．future D．ambition 30．A．doubtfully B．eagerly C．willingly D．firmly 31．A．successful B．faithful C．sincere D．generous 32．A．Gradually B．Suddenly C．Actually D．Finally 33．A．admitted B．experienced C．designed D．proved 34．A．ended B．lasted C．changed D．weakened 35．A．dream of B．complain of C．hear of D．think of 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Spanish for Health-care Workers Instructor: Dr. Lucia Mendez Class schedule (日程安排) The class is held in Room 203 every Monday and Wednesday evening from 6:30 to 8:15 p.m. You are expected to attend every class and to arrive on time. Please speak with the instructor about any unavoidable absences. Assignments (功课) We will use the text Spanish for Health-care Workers. Students are required to read one or more chapters before each class (see reading schedule). In addition, each student will prepare an oral presentation to give to the class before the end of the term. The Language Laboratory, Room 228, is open Monday-Friday from 9:30 a.m. until 8:30 p.m. In addition to attending class, each student must complete a weekly exercise in the lab. Grading There will be four to five tests throughout the term in addition to a midterm and a final exam. Missed tests or exams will count against your grade; there will be no make-ups. The breakdown for calculating (计算) each student’s final mark is as follows: tests and exams — 50 percent; oral presentation — 30 percent; class participation — 20 percent. A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class. Assistance outside class If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320) are 5:00-6:30 p.m. on Mondays and Wednesdays. The Language Lab staff is also available to help you with your assignments. In addition, individual Spanish instructors are available. Please talk to the staff in the Language Lab for more information about instructors. 36．What can we learn about the class by Dr. Lucia Mendez? A．It meets twice weekly. B．It has no homework. C．It is a one-to-one class. D．It allows make-up exams. 37．How many tests and exams will there be altogether? A．Just two. B．Six to seven. C．Less than four. D．No more than five. 38．What’s the standard of passing Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class? A．Getting full marks for the oral presentation. B．Completing a daily exercise in the lab. C．Attending 50 percent of his classes. D．Receiving a grade of B or higher. 39．What can students do in Room 320? A．Give an oral presentation. B．Complete a weekly practice. C．Attend Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class. D．Turn to Dr. Lucia Mendez for advice. 40．Who would be most interested in Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class? A．A cancer patient. B．A medical worker. C．A literature student. D．A laboratory worker. B Back in late 2013, Mathias Mikkelsen moved from Norway to Silicon Valley in California, to seek support for his online project called Timely. He didn’t know a single person there. Mathias says, “I knew I needed to make friends. So I rented rooms in shared Airbnb houses, and moved somewhere new every week.” Mathias’ idea worked, but his next challenge was to get himself into a “hacker house”, a place shared by a number of similar young tech entrepreneurs (企业家). Everyone can help each other and share advice and inspiration. In mid-2014 he was finally able to get himself into a “hacker house”, but all the beds were taken. So if he wanted in, he had to sleep on an airbed in a cupboard. Mathias says, “I slept in that cupboard for three months. Did I feel stupid and embarrassed? Not at all. It was extremely valuable and without it I don’t think I would be where I am today.” As a teenager, he discovered that he was good at computer programming. While at middle school, he started to design websites for companies as a part-time job. After graduation, he worked for digital design companies in Oslo, his hometown. To be his own boss, he started work on Timely. Mathias released (发布)the first version of Timely in May 2013 in Oslo, but “nothing happened”, and then he moved to Silicon Valley. Working with a programmer in India, Mathias released the second version of Timely at the end of 2014. Its sales slowly started to grow. A year later, Mathias decided to move the business back to Oslo. “While there were no tech start-up companies in the city when I left, it has thrived later. Oslo is now a great place to find tech staff.” His company now has annual sales of more than $2 million. Looking back on his time in a cupboard, Mathias says it was “a crazy time, but super cool”. He adds, “I was working every minute of every day, so I honestly didn’t care where I was sleeping.” 41．What was the challenge of Mikkelsen when he first arrived in the US? A．He didn’t have a place to settle down. B．He needed more money to start his project. C．He didn’t know how to get into a “hacker house”. D．He had no connections there. 42．What was the biggest reason why Mikkelsen wanted to live in a “hacker house”? A．Living there could help him with his career. B．He could find investors for his project there. C．He wanted to make lifelong friends with others who lived there. D．It was much cheaper to live there than, renting an Airbnb house. 43．What can we know about Mikkelsen? A．He valued his time in the cupboard of the “hacker house” very much. B．His Timely was liked by many people in his homeland. C．He had never wanted to start his own company until he designed Timely. D．His friends advised him to go to the USA． 44．What does the underlined word “thrived” in the 5th paragraph mean? A．Developed rapidly. B．Disappeared gradually. C．Changed immediately. D．Remained undoubtedly. 45．Which of the following sentences can describe Mikkelsen’s story? A．No man can do two things at once. B．Never too old to learn, never too late to turn. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．Waste not, want not. C Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near of the poor ecological state of the planet. Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate change has begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the near few years. Around 2020 most people will begin to see that the results of climate change will be far more serious than now understood. As the planet is under big geological (地质的) stresses, which are continuously increasing, it will in the future no longer be able to support its population. Scarcity (缺) of resources, over-farming, lack of clean air, not enough clean drinking water and drought (旱灾) are some of the issues that will all play a much greater role in the near future. Humans have caused large ecological devastation (破坏). The lifestyles of many people are changing at a fast speed; however, this will finally result in a shortage of some valuable resources. When this scarcity begins to happen, people will no longer be able to have sustainable (可持续的) lifestyles. It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life. Each person’s decision can finally affect the future. These decisions, all combined, can have a very good effect on what the future will be like for humans. So the future depends on the choices we make at the present moment. While more and more people are becoming aware of climate change and other environmental problems related to global warming, not all are fully understanding how far-reaching its effects will be. Unfortunately, most of the humans realize that the planet isn’t functioning well, but they don’t understand that this is creating a major problem for the future survival of humans. So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future. 46．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Causes of Planetary Changes B．The Influence of Ecological Devastation C．Reasons and Ways to Build a Sustainable Future D．Environmental Damage and the Human Future 47．We can learn from the first paragraph that A．planetary changes are caused by global warming B．climate changes will affect the life of humans soon C．the ecological state of the earth has been destroyed D．most people have realized the danger of climate changes 48．What opinion does the author most probably hold? A．Humans shouldn’t try to change their lifestyles. B．The ecological devastation is coming to a stop soon. C．The future we’ll have depends on every one of us. D．The future of humans can be determined ahead of time. 49．In the last paragraph the author is trying to A．encourage people to make efforts to protect the environment B．inform people the planet isn’t functioning well C．warn people of the dangers of ecological devastation D．tell people the right way to protect the environment 50．The author’s attitude in writing this text is A．grateful B．negative C．serious D．humorous D The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever gaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain unavoidably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务), self-improvement. Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be more and more satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing (显著的)features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating (解放性的) realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can really increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. 51．According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ________. A．he is unwilling to take on family responsibilities B．he believes that there is no happiness in marriage C．he finds more fun in dating than in marriage D．he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement 52．Raising children, in the author’s opinion is ________. A．a moral duty B．a rewarding task C．a thankless job D．a source of inevitable pain 53．From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes comes from ________. A．hatred B．prejudice C．misunderstanding D．ignorance 54．To understand what true happiness is one must ________. A．have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime B．make every effort to liberate oneself from pain C．put up with pain under all circumstances D．be able to tell happiness from fun 55．What is the author trying to tell us? A．Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain. B．One must know how to gain happiness. C．It is important to make commitments. D．It is pain that leads to happiness. 第II卷 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Volunteers are playing an increasingly important role in many fields of the modern society. I always do voluntary work in the hospital. As a patient visitor, my primary goal is to deliver quality services to patients and families. By providing companionship (陪伴) for patients in a sometimes lonely environment, I try my best to serve and help to lessen the loneliness and frustration patients may feel after staying in a hospital for a stretch of time for weeks or even months. Every Saturday afternoon for three to four hours, with a list of patients who have requested a patient visitor service, I head up to the 5th, 6th, or 7th floor to first visit my priority patients. At the nurse’s station, I kindly ask the nurses or the medical staff about the condition of the patients on that unit and confirm that the patients would like a visitor. After receiving an update from the nurse, I gently knock on the door of the patients and enter with a friendly “hello”. Then, I introduce myself and again politely ask if they would like a patient visitor. I usually try to prepare a few starting conversation topics such as the current news, sports scores and fun facts. However, the patients usually engage me first in an interesting conversation. When volunteering as a patient visitor, I spent a lot of time communicating one-on-one with patients. Individual patients had individual needs and possessed extraordinary personal stories. Therefore, I found every visit fascinating (有吸引力). From generous and kind patients, I have learned about their diseases and their course of treatment. Additionally, I learned about literature, life during the Great Depression and wilderness of Northern Minnesota. On the whole, not only did I learn about the hospital settings and system, but I learned about the diverse life of others. Many of the patients I have visited were truly inspiring and I always admire them for their strength. Although difficult, they were often willing to share their stories of pain, suffering, hopes and optimism. I realize that I am truly grateful and honored that they would share their personal stories with just a volunteer like me. I’ve always enjoyed doing voluntary work, which perhaps makes a difference to many, including me. 56．What does the underlined word “lessen” in Para. 1 probably mean? (1 word) 57．What are the topics the author prepares for the patients? (no more than 10 words) 58．In summary, what did the author learn when he volunteered as a patient visitor? (no more than 15 words) 59．How does the author feel about the patients telling her their stories? (no more than 6 words) 60．What can you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 25 words) 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 假设你是李津。市图书馆将于下周举办一场中国书画展，请你写一封电子邮件，邀请正在天津中学交流学习的美国朋友Chris周六上午十点一起去参观。请自拟至少二条参观书画展的意义。 注意： 1.词数100词左右，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：中国书画展Chinese painting and calligraphy exhibition Dear Chris, How is it going these days?__________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Jin 1 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高二下学期开学摸底考试卷（天津专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：130分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦 净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—Michael was late for Professor Yang’s philosophy class this morning. —______? As far as I know, he loves philosophy and always comes to class on time. A．Guess what B．How come C．So what D．Why 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——迈克尔今天早上上杨教授的哲学课迟到了。——怎么回事？据我所知，他喜欢哲学，总是准时来上课。A. Guess what猜猜看；B. How come怎么回事；C. So what那又怎么样；D. Why为什么。根据后文“As far as I know, he loves philosophy and always comes to class on time.”可知，此处指对迟到疑惑不解，询问怎么回事。故选B。 2．— Did you have butterflies in your stomach at the interview? — ________. That was my first job interview. A．It depends B．Not really C．You bet D．Never mind 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：— 面试的时候你紧张吗？— 当然。那是我第一次面试。A. It depends视情况而定；B. Not really不见得；C. You bet当然，的确；D. Never mind没关系。根据问句和答语，可知是第一次面试肯定是紧张的，故选C。 3．Casey’s Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business. I tried to think of some words of ______, but I had to admit that it couldn’t stay in business much longer. A．sympathy B．security C．tendency D．component 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Casey的彩虹书店在经营了50年后即将关闭。我尽力想说些同情的话，但我不得不承认，它不能再继续存在下去了。A. sympathy同情；B. security安全；C. tendency倾向；D. component组成部分。根据前文“Casey’s Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business.”可知，此处表示同情，为之惋惜。故选A项。 4．A strong password is ________ for protecting your personal information online because it stops other people from getting into your accounts. A．varied B．short C．easy D．crucial 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：强密码对于在线保护您的个人信息至关重要，因为它可以阻止其他人进入您的帐户。A. varied不同的，各种各样的；B. short短的；C. easy容易的；D. crucial关键的。根据前后文可知，强密码对于在线保护个人信息是至关重要的。故选D。 5．The manager came up with a new sales plan at the meeting, which will be discussed ________ by the salesmen. A．originally B．rarely C．subsequently D．literally 【答案】C 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：经理在会上提出了一个新的销售计划，销售人员随后将讨论这个计划。A. originally原来；B. rarely罕见地；C. subsequently随后；D. literally字面上。结合语意可知，句子表示经理提出的新的销售计划随后将被讨论，空处应用副词subsequently，符合题意。故选C项。 6．________her illness leaving her very weak at times, she tries to gain pleasure from life A．Despite B．However C．Although D．Instead of 【答案】A 【详解】考查介词和连词词义辨析。句意：尽管她的病有时使她很虚弱，但她试图从生活中获得乐趣。A. Despite尽管，介词；B. However然而，连词；C. Although虽然，连词；D. Instead of而不是，介词短语。根据“her illness leaving her very weak at times”可知，名词her illness前用介词。此处表示转折，指尽管她生病了，但是她还是努力寻找生活中的快乐，故选A。 7．He started telling us what to do ________ he arrived. A．instantly B．while C．until D．though 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他一到就开始告诉我们该做什么。A. instantly一……就……；B. while当……时候；C. until直到；D. though尽管。此处表示“他一到就开始告诉”可知，用instantly，引导时间状语从句。故选A。 8．New measures have been adopted to ________ local industry. A．approve B．compete C．cast D．promote 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：采取了新的措施来促进当地工业的发展。A. approve同意；B. compete竞争；C. cast投；D. promote促进。根据“New measures have been adopted”可知，采取措施是为了促进工业发展。故选D。 9．After careful consideration, Ann has decided to ________ the restaurant after her dad’s retirement due to her love for cooking. A．take over B．sell out C．look for D．break into 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过深思熟虑，Ann决定在父亲退休后接管这家餐厅，因为她热爱烹饪。A. take over接管；B. sell out卖完；C. look for寻找；D. break into闯入。根据后文due to her love for cooking可知，Ann决定接管餐厅。故选A。 10．The doctor ordered the woman to be________all solid food for at least twenty four hours. A．kept out B．kept away C．kept off D．kept up 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：医生嘱咐这位妇女至少24小时内不要吃任何固体食物。A. kept out不要进入；B. kept away远离，后常接from；C. kept off(使)不接近；D.kept up坚持。根据句意及常识可知，此处是医生嘱咐这位妇女至少24小时内不要吃任何固体食物。故选C项。 11．________space, more and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities. A．In search of B．In place of C．For lack of D．For fear of 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于空间不足，大城市里建起了越来越多的高层建筑。A. In search of寻找；B. In place of代替；C. For lack of因缺乏；D. For fear of以免。根据后文“more and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities”可知，应是“由于空间不足，大城市里建起了越来越多的高层建筑”符合语境。故选C项。 12．The house ________ by the workers when it started to rain. A．was being painted B．was been painting C．has been painting D．will be painting 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：工人们正在粉刷房子时，天开始下雨了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据从句动词started为过去时以及句意可知，主句表示“房子正在被粉刷”，所以主句用过去进行时，主语是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用was，又因为The house与paint之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，过去进行时的被动语态结构是was/were being done。故选A项。 13．Lily meant ________ money for a new car, but she ended up spending it on clothes instead. A．to have saved B．saving C．to save D．having saved 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Lily本打算攒钱买辆新车，结果却把钱花在买衣服上了。根据“but she ended up spending it on clothes instead”可知，Lily本来打算攒钱买新车，但是实际却没有做到，mean to have done“本来打算做某事”符合语境；设空处应填动词save不定式的完成式to have saved，作动词meant的宾语。故选A。 14．You haven’t gone anywhere today. You ________ your bag in the office. A．could have left B．must have left C．could leave D．must leave 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：你今天哪儿也没去。你一定是把包落在办公室了。由“You haven’t gone anywhere today”可知，空格处所在句子表示“你一定已经把包落在办公室了”，空格处是对过去的肯定推测，用must have done，因此空格处是must have left。故选B。 15．There was a big screen in the corner of the new bookstore, _________ customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller were being displayed. A．when B．whose C．where D．which 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新书店的角落里有一个大屏幕，上面显示着顾客对当月畅销书的评论。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句主干成分完整，且主句是描述a big screen，因此从句是对先行词a big screen作补充说明，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故选C。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer. After two years as a salesman, I 16 my job and made up my mind to realize my 17 . No one could tell me whether I would succeed or not. I rented a basement and 18 to write. I had so many things to write because the enthusiasm (热情) was 19 in my heart. After a year or so, 20 , I began to doubt myself. I found it 21 to earn my living by writing. None of my novels were 22 that year. But I 23 to follow my dream, even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of 24 . I believed anyone with a dream must learn to struggle for the 25 . During the hardest period of my life, a friend came to see me and tried to 26 me, “Come to our company, 27 we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.” 2,000 dollars was really a big fortune at that time. It would enable me to live a 28 life. As the money was dancing in my 29 , something cleared my senses. Hadn’t I dreamed of being a writer, a full-time writer? “Thanks, but no,” I said 30 , “I’m going to stick to writing.” Again and again, I said to myself, “I will be 31 . People will love my novels.” 32 my first novel was published in 1991. I had the kind of success that few writers ever 33 . Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life has 34 . Now I often 35 the time working in that cold basement. I will say, “Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.” 16．A．took up B．gave up C．applied for D．prepared for 17．A．mistake B．glory C．weakness D．dream 18．A．settled down B．turned down C．bent down D．looked down 19．A．decreasing B．failing C．burning D．exploding 20．A．however B．though C．therefore D．thus 21．A．enjoyable B．difficult C．changeable D．normal 22．A．translated B．attacked C．accepted D．ignored 23．A．pretended B．determined C．waited D．agreed 24．A．anxiety B．danger C．judgement D．failure 25．A．intelligence B．reality C．money D．goal 26．A．persuade B．calm C．warn D．comfort 27．A．or B．but C．and D．so 28．A．healthier B．poorer C．better D．simpler 29．A．head B．life C．future D．ambition 30．A．doubtfully B．eagerly C．willingly D．firmly 31．A．successful B．faithful C．sincere D．generous 32．A．Gradually B．Suddenly C．Actually D．Finally 33．A．admitted B．experienced C．designed D．proved 34．A．ended B．lasted C．changed D．weakened 35．A．dream of B．complain of C．hear of D．think of 【参考答案】 16． B 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．B 34．B 35．D 【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者实现成为专职作家的梦想的艰难历程，这让他坚信：只要坚持梦想，就一定能成功。 【详情解析】 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当了两年推销员后，我放弃了工作，下定决心实现我的梦想。A. took up占据；B. gave up放弃；C. applied for申请；D. prepared for准备。根据上文“I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer.”可知，作者一直想成为一名专职作家，所以他应该是会放弃做推销员的工作，而全心投入写作。故选B。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第16题详解。A. mistake错误；B. glory荣誉；C. weakness弱点；D. dream梦想。根据上文“I always dreamed of becoming a full time writer.”可知，作者一直想成为一名专职作家，所以他应该是想要实现这个梦想。故选D。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我租了一个地下室，安顿下来写作。A. settled down安定下来；B. turned down拒绝；C. bent down弯下腰；D. looked down向下看。根据上文“I rented a basement”可知，作者租了一个地下室，应该是想要安顿下来全心投入写作。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有很多东西要写，因为我的热情在燃烧。A. decreasing下降；B. failing失败；C. burning燃烧；D. exploding爆炸。根据上文“I had so many things to write”可知，作者有很多东西要写，应该是因为他的写作热情在内心燃烧。故选C。 20．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，大约一年后，我开始怀疑自己。A. however然而；B. though尽管；C. therefore因此；D. thus因此。根据上文“I had so many things to write because the enthusiasm (热情) was 　　19　　 in my heart.”和下文“I began to doubt myself.”可知，作者的梦想和现实不一样，所以开始怀疑自己的写作能力。故选A。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现靠写作谋生很困难。A. enjoyable享受的；B. difficult困难的；C. changeable多改变的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“After a year or so, 　　20　　, I began to doubt myself.”可知，作者开始怀疑自己的写作能力，所以应该是靠写作谋生就变得很困难。故选B。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年我的小说都没有被接受。A. translated翻译；B. attacked攻击；C. accepted接受；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“After a year or so, 　　20　　, I began to doubt myself.”可知，作者开始怀疑自己的写作能力，应该是因为他的小说都没有被接受。故选C。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我决心追随我的梦想，尽管这意味着生活在不确定性和对失败的恐惧中。A. pretended假装；B. determined下定决心；C. waited等待；D. agreed同意。根据上文“But”和下文“to follow my dream”可知，上下文是转折关系，尽管没有人接受他的作品，但是他还是决定追随梦想。故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. anxiety焦虑；B. danger危险；C. judgement判断；D. failure失败。根据上文“None of my novels were 　　22　　 that year.”和“it meant living with uncertainty”可知，没有人接受作者的作品，所以，这就应该是意味着生活没有稳定的收入，并且害怕失败。故选D。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信任何有梦想的人都必须学会为目标而奋斗。A. intelligence智商；B. reality现实；C. money钱；D. goal目标。根据下文“Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.”可知，作者相信只要有梦想，就会为了这个目标而奋斗。故选D。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我人生最艰难的时期，一个朋友来看我，试图说服我：“来我们公司，我们每月付给你2000美元。”A. persuade说服；B. calm使冷静；C. warn警告；D. comfort安慰。根据下文“Come to our company, 　　27　　 we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.”可知，作者的朋友是需要说服他去他的公司工作。故选A。 27．考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. or或者；B. but但是；C. and并且；D. so因此。根据上文“Come to our company”和下文“ we will pay you 2,000 dollars a month.”可知，上下文的并列关系，用连词and。故选C。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将使我过上更好的生活。A. healthier更健康的；B. poorer更贫穷的；C. better更好的；D. simpler更简单的。根据上文“2,000 dollars was really a big fortune at that time.”可知，2000元在当时是很大一笔钱，所以应该是会让作者过上更好的生活。故选C。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当当这些钱在我脑海里飞舞的时候，某种东西让我清醒了。A. head头；B. life生命；C. future未来；D. ambition抱负。根据上文“As the money was dancing”可知，这里应该是指作者大脑中想到了钱在飞舞。故选A。 30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢，但不行，”我坚定地说，“我会坚持写作。”A. doubtfully怀疑地；B. eagerly急迫地；C. willingly愿意地；D. firmly坚定地。根据上文“Thanks, but no”可知，作者坚定地拒绝了朋友的建议。故选D。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一遍又一遍地对自己说：“我会成功的。人们会喜欢我的小说的。”A. successful成功的；B. faithful忠诚的；C. sincere真诚的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“Anyone with a dream and persistence will be successful.”可知，作者认为自己一定会成功。故选A。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的第一部小说终于在1991年出版了。A. Gradually渐渐地；B. Suddenly突然；C. Actually实际上；D. Finally最后。根据下文“my first novel was published in 1991”可知，这应该是作者最后努力的结果。故选D。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我获得了很少有作家经历过的那种成功。A. admitted承认；B. experienced经历；C. designed设计；D. proved证明。根据上文“I had the kind of success that few writers ever”可知，作者把自己和其他的作家对比，自己经历的比他们要多很多。故选B。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：二十年过去了，但它对我生活的影响一直持续着。A. ended结束；B. lasted持续；C. changed改变；D. weakened减弱。根据上文“Twenty years have passed, but the effect it had on my life”可知，这里指尽管已经过去了20年，但是那些经历还是一直持续着影响着他。故选B。 35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我经常想起在那个寒冷的地下室工作的时光。A. dream of梦想；B. complain of抱怨；C. hear of听说；D. think of想起。根据下文“the time working in that cold basement.”可知，这是作者现在经常想起的以前的经历。故选D。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Spanish for Health-care Workers Instructor: Dr. Lucia Mendez Class schedule (日程安排) The class is held in Room 203 every Monday and Wednesday evening from 6:30 to 8:15 p.m. You are expected to attend every class and to arrive on time. Please speak with the instructor about any unavoidable absences. Assignments (功课) We will use the text Spanish for Health-care Workers. Students are required to read one or more chapters before each class (see reading schedule). In addition, each student will prepare an oral presentation to give to the class before the end of the term. The Language Laboratory, Room 228, is open Monday-Friday from 9:30 a.m. until 8:30 p.m. In addition to attending class, each student must complete a weekly exercise in the lab. Grading There will be four to five tests throughout the term in addition to a midterm and a final exam. Missed tests or exams will count against your grade; there will be no make-ups. The breakdown for calculating (计算) each student’s final mark is as follows: tests and exams — 50 percent; oral presentation — 30 percent; class participation — 20 percent. A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class. Assistance outside class If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320) are 5:00-6:30 p.m. on Mondays and Wednesdays. The Language Lab staff is also available to help you with your assignments. In addition, individual Spanish instructors are available. Please talk to the staff in the Language Lab for more information about instructors. 36．What can we learn about the class by Dr. Lucia Mendez? A．It meets twice weekly. B．It has no homework. C．It is a one-to-one class. D．It allows make-up exams. 37．How many tests and exams will there be altogether? A．Just two. B．Six to seven. C．Less than four. D．No more than five. 38．What’s the standard of passing Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class? A．Getting full marks for the oral presentation. B．Completing a daily exercise in the lab. C．Attending 50 percent of his classes. D．Receiving a grade of B or higher. 39．What can students do in Room 320? A．Give an oral presentation. B．Complete a weekly practice. C．Attend Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class. D．Turn to Dr. Lucia Mendez for advice. 40．Who would be most interested in Dr. Lucia Mendez’s class? A．A cancer patient. B．A medical worker. C．A literature student. D．A laboratory worker. 【参考答案】36．A 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．B 【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Lucia Mendez的开设的课程，并对课程时间和课程内容等进行了介绍。 【详情解析】 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“The class is held in Room 203 every Monday and Wednesday evening from 6:30 to 8:15 p.m.(这门课每周一和周三晚上6:30到8:15在203教室上课)”可知，露西娅·门德斯博士的课每周开两次。故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“There will be four to five tests throughout the term in addition to a midterm and a final exam.(除了期中和期末考试外，整个学期将有四到五次考试)”可知，总共有六到七次测验和考试。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A grade of B or higher is required to pass this class.(要通过这门课，成绩必须达到B或更高)”可知，露西亚·门德斯博士的课通过的标准是获得B或更高的成绩。故选D。 39．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you need extra help or would like to discuss anything with the instructor, my office hours (Room 320) are 5:00-6:30 p.m. on Mondays and Wednesdays.(如果你需要额外的帮助或想和老师讨论任何事情，我的办公时间(320室)是周一和周三下午5:00-6:30)”可知，学生们在320房间可以向露西娅·门德斯博士寻求建议。故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据第二段“We will use the text Spanish for Health-care Workers.(我们将使用《保健工作人员》西班牙文)”可推知，医务工作者会对露西娅·门德斯博士的课最感兴趣。故选B。 B Back in late 2013, Mathias Mikkelsen moved from Norway to Silicon Valley in California, to seek support for his online project called Timely. He didn’t know a single person there. Mathias says, “I knew I needed to make friends. So I rented rooms in shared Airbnb houses, and moved somewhere new every week.” Mathias’ idea worked, but his next challenge was to get himself into a “hacker house”, a place shared by a number of similar young tech entrepreneurs (企业家). Everyone can help each other and share advice and inspiration. In mid-2014 he was finally able to get himself into a “hacker house”, but all the beds were taken. So if he wanted in, he had to sleep on an airbed in a cupboard. Mathias says, “I slept in that cupboard for three months. Did I feel stupid and embarrassed? Not at all. It was extremely valuable and without it I don’t think I would be where I am today.” As a teenager, he discovered that he was good at computer programming. While at middle school, he started to design websites for companies as a part-time job. After graduation, he worked for digital design companies in Oslo, his hometown. To be his own boss, he started work on Timely. Mathias released (发布)the first version of Timely in May 2013 in Oslo, but “nothing happened”, and then he moved to Silicon Valley. Working with a programmer in India, Mathias released the second version of Timely at the end of 2014. Its sales slowly started to grow. A year later, Mathias decided to move the business back to Oslo. “While there were no tech start-up companies in the city when I left, it has thrived later. Oslo is now a great place to find tech staff.” His company now has annual sales of more than $2 million. Looking back on his time in a cupboard, Mathias says it was “a crazy time, but super cool”. He adds, “I was working every minute of every day, so I honestly didn’t care where I was sleeping.” 41．What was the challenge of Mikkelsen when he first arrived in the US? A．He didn’t have a place to settle down. B．He needed more money to start his project. C．He didn’t know how to get into a “hacker house”. D．He had no connections there. 42．What was the biggest reason why Mikkelsen wanted to live in a “hacker house”? A．Living there could help him with his career. B．He could find investors for his project there. C．He wanted to make lifelong friends with others who lived there. D．It was much cheaper to live there than, renting an Airbnb house. 43．What can we know about Mikkelsen? A．He valued his time in the cupboard of the “hacker house” very much. B．His Timely was liked by many people in his homeland. C．He had never wanted to start his own company until he designed Timely. D．His friends advised him to go to the USA． 44．What does the underlined word “thrived” in the 5th paragraph mean? A．Developed rapidly. B．Disappeared gradually. C．Changed immediately. D．Remained undoubtedly. 45．Which of the following sentences can describe Mikkelsen’s story? A．No man can do two things at once. B．Never too old to learn, never too late to turn. C．Where there is a will, there is a way. D．Waste not, want not. 【参考答案】41．D 42．A 43．A 44．A 45．C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了十几岁发现自己很擅长计算机编程的Mathias Mikkelsen在毕业后开始创业，失败后从挪威搬到举目无亲的加州硅谷为他的在线项目“Timely”寻求支持，在艰苦的环境下经过不懈的努力终于获得成功的故事。 【详情解析】 41．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Back in late 2013, Mathias Mikkelsen moved from Norway to Silicon Valley in California, to seek support for his online project called Timely. He didn’t know a single person there.(2013年底，Mathias Mikkelsen从挪威搬到加州硅谷，为他的在线项目Timely寻求支持。他在那里一个人也不认识。)”可知，当Mikkelsen刚到美国时，他遇到挑战是在那里他一个人也不认识，举目无亲；故选D。 42．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mathias’ idea worked, but his next challenge was to get himself into a “hacker house”, a place shared by a number of similar young tech entrepreneurs (企业家). Everyone can help each other and share advice and inspiration. (马蒂亚斯的想法奏效了，但他的下一个挑战是让自己进入一个‘hacker house’，一个由许多类似的年轻科技企业家共享的地方。每个人都可以互相帮助，分享建议和灵感。)”可知，Mathias想进入“hacker house”是因为那里住着一些与他相似的年轻科技企业家，他们互相帮助，分享建议和灵感，住在那里对他的事业有帮助。故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据第三段“Mathias says, “I slept in that cupboard for three months. Did I feel stupid and embarrassed? Not at all. It was extremely valuable and without it I don’t think I would be where I am today.”(马蒂亚斯说：‘我在那个橱柜里睡了三个月。我是否感到愚蠢和尴尬？一点也不。它非常宝贵，如果没有它，我想我不会有今天的成就。’)”可知，Mathias Mikkelsen认为睡在橱柜里的三个月非常宝贵，正因为那段时光他才有今天的成就；由此可知，他非常珍惜在“hacker house”睡在橱柜里的那段时光。故选A。 44．词句猜测题。根据第五段划线词所在句“While there were no tech start-up companies in the city when I left, it has thrived later. (当我离开的时候，这座城市还没有科技初创公司，但后来thrived。)”中的让步状语从句“While there were no tech start-up companies in the city when I left”可知“it has thrived later”表达意思与从句相反，结合下文“Oslo is now a great place to find tech staff.(Oslo现在是一个寻找技术人员的好地方。)”可知，Oslo发展很快，现在有许多科技公司，划线词thrived表达的意思是“发展很快”，与“Developed rapidly”意思一致。故选A。 45．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Back in late 2013, Mathias Mikkelsen moved from Norway to Silicon Valley in California, to seek support for his online project called Timely. He didn’t know a single person there. Mathias says, “I knew I needed to make friends. So I rented rooms in shared Airbnb houses, and moved somewhere new every week.”(2013年底，Mathias Mikkelsen从挪威搬到加州硅谷，为他的在线项目‘Timely’寻求支持。他在那里一个人也不认识。马蒂亚斯说：‘我知道我需要交朋友。所以我在Airbnb上合租房子，每周都搬到新的地方。’)”以及最后一段“His company now has annual sales of more than $2 million. Looking back on his time in a cupboard, Mathias says it was “a crazy time, but super cool”. He adds, “I was working every minute of every day, so I honestly didn’t care where I was sleeping.”(他的公司现在年销售额超过200万美元。回顾他在橱柜里的时光，马蒂亚斯说那是‘一段疯狂的时光，但超级酷’。他补充说：‘我每天的每一分钟都在工作，所以老实说，我不在乎睡在哪里。’)”可知，文章讲述了Mathias Mikkelsen创业失败后从挪威搬到举目无亲的加州硅谷为他的在线项目‘Timely’寻求支持，为了认识朋友，对自己事业有帮助，他在Airbnb上与别人合租房子、每周搬家、甚至在橱柜里的充气床上睡过三个月，在他辛勤的努力下，他的公司获得成功；由此可知，C选项“Where there is a will, there is a way.(有志者，事竟成)”能够描述Mikkelsen的故事。故选C。 C Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near of the poor ecological state of the planet. Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate change has begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the near few years. Around 2020 most people will begin to see that the results of climate change will be far more serious than now understood. As the planet is under big geological (地质的) stresses, which are continuously increasing, it will in the future no longer be able to support its population. Scarcity (缺) of resources, over-farming, lack of clean air, not enough clean drinking water and drought (旱灾) are some of the issues that will all play a much greater role in the near future. Humans have caused large ecological devastation (破坏). The lifestyles of many people are changing at a fast speed; however, this will finally result in a shortage of some valuable resources. When this scarcity begins to happen, people will no longer be able to have sustainable (可持续的) lifestyles. It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life. Each person’s decision can finally affect the future. These decisions, all combined, can have a very good effect on what the future will be like for humans. So the future depends on the choices we make at the present moment. While more and more people are becoming aware of climate change and other environmental problems related to global warming, not all are fully understanding how far-reaching its effects will be. Unfortunately, most of the humans realize that the planet isn’t functioning well, but they don’t understand that this is creating a major problem for the future survival of humans. So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future. 46．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Causes of Planetary Changes B．The Influence of Ecological Devastation C．Reasons and Ways to Build a Sustainable Future D．Environmental Damage and the Human Future 47．We can learn from the first paragraph that A．planetary changes are caused by global warming B．climate changes will affect the life of humans soon C．the ecological state of the earth has been destroyed D．most people have realized the danger of climate changes 48．What opinion does the author most probably hold? A．Humans shouldn’t try to change their lifestyles. B．The ecological devastation is coming to a stop soon. C．The future we’ll have depends on every one of us. D．The future of humans can be determined ahead of time. 49．In the last paragraph the author is trying to A．encourage people to make efforts to protect the environment B．inform people the planet isn’t functioning well C．warn people of the dangers of ecological devastation D．tell people the right way to protect the environment 50．The author’s attitude in writing this text is A．grateful B．negative C．serious D．humorous 【参考答案】46．D 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．C 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生态环境的破坏对人类未来的影响，并呼吁我们要从我们每个人做起，保护好环境。 【详情解析】 46．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near of the poor ecological state of the planet. Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate change has begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the near few years.(将对许多人产生影响的行星变化正在接近地球糟糕的生态状态。事实上，气候变化已经开始改变了，但大多数人还没有注意到这一点。气候变化已经开始影响世界，并将在最近几年内开始恶化)”和第三段中“Humans have caused large ecological devastation (破坏).(人类造成了巨大的生态破坏)”可知，文章讲的是星球的改变是因为遭受了巨大的破坏，而破坏生态环境的正是人类自己，同时也制约着人类的未来。由此可知，文章最好的标题是“环境破坏与人类的未来”。故选D项。 47．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Climate change has begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the near few years. Around 2020 most people will begin to see that the results of climate change will be far more serious than now understood.(气候变化已经开始影响世界，并将在最近几年内开始恶化。到2020年左右，大多数人将开始认识到气候变化的后果将比现在所了解的要严重得多)”可知，我们可以从第一段得知，气候变化将很快影响人类的生活。故选B项。 48．推理判断题。根据第四段中“It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life. Each person’s decision can finally affect the future.(重要的是要明白，每个人在整个生命过程中都扮演着一个角色。每个人的决定最终都会影响未来)”可推知，作者最有可能持有的观点是我们的未来取决于我们每一个人。故选C项。 49．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future.(因此，每个人都应该做出必要的改变，以减少他们对环境的影响，并帮助创造一个更可持续的未来)”可推知，在最后一段，作者试图鼓励人们努力保护环境。故选A项。 50．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate change has begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the near few years. Around 2020 most people will begin to see that the results of climate change will be far more serious than now understood.(事实上，气候变化已经开始改变了，但大多数人还没有注意到这一点。气候变化已经开始影响世界，并将在最近几年内开始恶化。到2020年左右，大多数人将开始认识到气候变化的后果将比现在所了解的要严重得多)”和最后一段“So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future.(因此，每个人都应该做出必要的改变，以减少他们对环境的影响，并帮助创造一个更可持续的未来)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的态度是严肃的。故选C项。 D The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever gaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain unavoidably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务), self-improvement. Ask a bachelor (单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be more and more satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing (显著的)features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating (解放性的) realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can really increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. 51．According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ________. A．he is unwilling to take on family responsibilities B．he believes that there is no happiness in marriage C．he finds more fun in dating than in marriage D．he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement 52．Raising children, in the author’s opinion is ________. A．a moral duty B．a rewarding task C．a thankless job D．a source of inevitable pain 53．From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes comes from ________. A．hatred B．prejudice C．misunderstanding D．ignorance 54．To understand what true happiness is one must ________. A．have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime B．make every effort to liberate oneself from pain C．put up with pain under all circumstances D．be able to tell happiness from fun 55．What is the author trying to tell us? A．Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain. B．One must know how to gain happiness. C．It is important to make commitments. D．It is pain that leads to happiness. 【参考答案】51．A 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，阐述了幸福的获得这一严肃话题，幸福往往与痛苦相伴。作者试图澄清人们在幸福问题上的一些误解。 【详情解析】 51．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. (如果他是诚实的，他会告诉你他害怕做出承诺。)”可知，根据作者的说法，单身汉抗拒婚姻主要是因为他不愿意承担家庭责任。故选A。 52．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.( 但是，决定不生孩子的夫妇永远不知道看着孩子长大或和孙子玩耍的乐趣。)”可知，在作者看来，抚养孩子是一项有回报的任务。故选B。 53．推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating(解放性的)realizations. (理解并接受真正的幸福与乐趣无关是最解放的认识之一。)”以及最后一句“And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.(它把我们从嫉妒中解放出来：我们现在明白了，所有那些总是玩得很开心的人实际上可能一点也不开心。)”可知，从最后一段中，我们了解到嫉妒有时来自误解。故选C。 54．细节理解题。文章最后一句“And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.(它把我们从嫉妒中解放出来：我们现在明白了，所有那些总是玩得很开心的人实际上可能一点也不开心。)”可知，要理解什么是真正的幸福，必须能够区分快乐和乐趣。故选D。 55．推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. (但事实恰恰相反：通常情况下，通往幸福的事情会带来一些痛苦。)”可知，作者想告诉我们的是幸福往往与痛苦相伴。故选A。 第II卷 第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Volunteers are playing an increasingly important role in many fields of the modern society. I always do voluntary work in the hospital. As a patient visitor, my primary goal is to deliver quality services to patients and families. By providing companionship (陪伴) for patients in a sometimes lonely environment, I try my best to serve and help to lessen the loneliness and frustration patients may feel after staying in a hospital for a stretch of time for weeks or even months. Every Saturday afternoon for three to four hours, with a list of patients who have requested a patient visitor service, I head up to the 5th, 6th, or 7th floor to first visit my priority patients. At the nurse’s station, I kindly ask the nurses or the medical staff about the condition of the patients on that unit and confirm that the patients would like a visitor. After receiving an update from the nurse, I gently knock on the door of the patients and enter with a friendly “hello”. Then, I introduce myself and again politely ask if they would like a patient visitor. I usually try to prepare a few starting conversation topics such as the current news, sports scores and fun facts. However, the patients usually engage me first in an interesting conversation. When volunteering as a patient visitor, I spent a lot of time communicating one-on-one with patients. Individual patients had individual needs and possessed extraordinary personal stories. Therefore, I found every visit fascinating (有吸引力). From generous and kind patients, I have learned about their diseases and their course of treatment. Additionally, I learned about literature, life during the Great Depression and wilderness of Northern Minnesota. On the whole, not only did I learn about the hospital settings and system, but I learned about the diverse life of others. Many of the patients I have visited were truly inspiring and I always admire them for their strength. Although difficult, they were often willing to share their stories of pain, suffering, hopes and optimism. I realize that I am truly grateful and honored that they would share their personal stories with just a volunteer like me. I’ve always enjoyed doing voluntary work, which perhaps makes a difference to many, including me. 56．What does the underlined word “lessen” in Para. 1 probably mean? (1 word) 57．What are the topics the author prepares for the patients? (no more than 10 words) 58．In summary, what did the author learn when he volunteered as a patient visitor? (no more than 15 words) 59．How does the author feel about the patients telling her their stories? (no more than 6 words) 60．What can you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 25 words) 【参考答案】 56、Reduce. 57．The current news, sports scores and fun facts. 58．She learned the hospital settings and system and different life of others. 59．She feels truly grateful and honored. 60．I realized that everyone can make a difference through doing voluntary work. 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。通过经常在医院做志愿者工作的经历，作者介绍了志愿工作的工作流程和在此期间的一些感悟。 【详情解析】 56．考查词句猜测。根据划线词上文“By providing companionship (陪伴) for patients in a sometimes lonely environment, I try my best to serve and help to”以及后文“the loneliness and frustration patients may feel after staying in a hospital for a stretch of time for weeks or even months”可知，通过在有时孤独的环境中为病人提供陪伴，作者尽我最大的努力去服务和帮助diminish病人在医院呆了几个星期甚至几个月后可能感到的孤独和沮丧。划线单词后的宾语为“孤独和沮丧”，故画线词意思是“减少”。故答案为Reduce. 57．考查细节理解。根据第二段“I usually try to prepare a few starting conversation topics such as the current news, sports scores and fun facts.(我通常会准备一些开场白，比如时事新闻、体育比分和有趣的事实)”可知，作者会准备时事新闻、体育比分和有趣的事实等话题。故答案为The current news, sports scores and fun facts. 58．考查细节理解。根据第三段“On the whole, not only did I learn about the hospital settings and system, but I learned about the diverse life of others.(总的来说，我不仅了解了医院的环境和制度，还了解了其他人的不同生活)”可知，作者从与患者的交谈中了解了医院的设置和制度和别人的不同的生活。故答案为She learned the hospital settings and system and different life of others. 59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“I realize that I am truly grateful and honored that they would share their personal stories with just a volunteer like me.(我意识到我真的很感激和荣幸他们能与像我这样的志愿者分享他们的个人故事)”可知，对于向她讲述自己故事的病人，作者非常感激和荣幸，故答案为She feels truly grateful and honored. 60．本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。题干：你能从作者的故事中学到什么？可回答：我意识到每个人都可以通过做志愿工作产生影响，故答案为I realized that everyone can make a difference through doing voluntary work. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 假设你是李津。市图书馆将于下周举办一场中国书画展，请你写一封电子邮件，邀请正在天津中学交流学习的美国朋友Chris周六上午十点一起去参观。请自拟至少二条参观书画展的意义。 注意： 1.词数100词左右，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 参考词汇：中国书画展Chinese painting and calligraphy exhibition Dear Chris, How is it going these days?__________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Jin 【参考答案】 Dear Chris, How is it going these days? A Chinese painting and calligraphy exhibition will be held next week in Tianjin Library. Considering you are rather interested in learning Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to come with me.   I’m certain that you will enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters and paintings, which present the unique charm of Chinese culture. Moreover, it can enrich your cultural knowledge and improve your understanding of the Chinese people by appreciating the artistic works, which reflect the living conditions and good will of the people in ancient and modern China. We will meet at the library gate at 10:00 on Saturday morning. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Jin 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件，邀请正在天津中学交流学习的美国朋友Chris周六上午十点一起去参观市图书馆举办的一场中国书画展。 【详情解析】 1.词汇积累 邀请：invite→ask 喜欢：enjoy→like 另外：moreover→besides 提高：improve→enhance 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：I’m certain that you will enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters and paintings, which present the unique charm of Chinese culture. 拓展句：I’m certain that you will enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters and paintings, presenting the unique charm of Chinese culture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Considering you are rather interested in learning Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to come with me. (运用了非谓语当动词现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】I’m certain that you will enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters and paintings, which present the unique charm of Chinese culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 1 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025届高二下学期开学摸底考试卷（天津专用) 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 条码 粘贴 处 ■ ■ 缺考标记 注意事项 ▣ 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填涂 2 请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的条码粘贴处]的方框内。 峡考标记！只能 3 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整 由监考老师负 请按题号硕序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 货用黑色学边 5。保特卡面清洁。不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液，刮纸刀。 的签字笔填涂。 6. 填涂样例正确■1错误【一[√1「×1 选择题（请用2B铅笔填涂） ■ 1JAIIBIICIIDI 6.JAIIBIICIIDI ILIAIIBIICIDI ■ 2.1AIIBIICIDI 7.1AJIBIICIDI 12.AIIBIICIIDI ■ 3.JAIIBIICIDI 8.1AlIBIICIDI 13.1AIIBIICHDI 4.1AIBIICIID] 9.AIIBIICIDI 14.A11B11CID1 5.1AIIBIICHDI 10.1AIIBIICHDI 151AIIBIICHIDI 16.JAIIBIICIID] 21.1AIIBIICIIDI 26.1AIIBIICIIDI 17AIIBIICHDI 22A11B11C11D1 27.A11B11C11D1 18.1A]IBIICID] 23.A11B11C11D 281AIIBIICIID] ■ 19.JAIIBIICIID] 24.A11B11C11D1 29.A11B11C11D1 20.JAIIBIICIIDI 25AIIBIICIIDI 30.A11B11C1ID1 ■ 31.JAIIBIICIIDI 36.A11B1C11D1 41.A11B11C11D1 32.AIBIICIIDI 37AIIBIICIIDI 42.JAIIBIICIIDI 33.AIIBIICIID] 38.1A11B11C11D1 43.1AIIBIICIIDI 34.1AIIBIICIIDI 39.1A11B11C11D1 44.A11B1IC11D ■ 35.A11B11C11D1 40.A11B11C11DI 45A11B1IC11D1 ■ 46.1AIIBIICIIDI 51.A11B11C1ID1 47JAIIBIICIIDI 52.AIIBIICIIDI 48JAIIBIICIIDI 53.AIIBIICIIDI ■ 49.JAIIBIICIIDI 54.1AIIBIICIIDI 50.1A1IBIICIIDI 55.1A1IBIICIIDI ■ 请在各圈目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的容案无效！ 非选择题（请在各试题的答题区内作答） 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） Dear Chris. How is it going these days? Yours, LiJin 请在各愿目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！