重难点05 语法填空之词性转换-2025年高考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（新高考通用）

重难点05 语法填空之词性转换 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1动词/名词转化为名词 （5年8考） 2024新课标I卷--engineering; 2024全国甲卷--completion； 2023新课标II卷--arrival; 2023全国甲卷--warning; 2022全国甲卷--protection; 2021新课标II卷--representative; 2021全国乙卷--development; 2020新课标II卷—celebration。 1.重点考查动词、名词、形容词和副词之间的转换。 2.考生需要积累常见前缀、后缀的含义和变形。 3.考生应学会借助语境推断空白处的词性，进而确定词形。 考点2形容词转化为名词 （5年5考） 2024新课标I卷--richness; 2022全国乙卷--responsibility; 2020新课标I卷--interest; 2020新课标III卷--curiosity; 2020新课标卷--accuracy。 考点3考查动词转化为形容词 （5年5考） 2024新课标I卷--closed 2022浙江卷--existing; 2022浙江卷--sighted; 2022新课标I卷--astonished; 2021新课标II卷—excited。 考点4考查名词转化为形容词 （5年15考） 2024新课标I卷—functional； 2023新课标I卷--tasty; 2023新课标II卷--confident; 2023全国甲卷--different; 2023全国乙卷--remarkable; 2023浙江1月卷spacious; 2022新课标II卷--asleep; 2022全国甲卷--meaningful; 2021新课标II卷--harmful; 2021全国甲卷--daily； 2021全国乙卷--financial; 2020新课标卷--wealthy; 2020全国I卷--much; 2020全国II卷--beautiful; 2020北京卷—lucky。 考点5考查形容词转化为副词 （5年14考） 2024九省联考卷--simply; 2023浙江1月卷--originally; 2023新课标II卷—basically 2023新课标I卷--rarely; 2022新课标I卷--eventually; 2022新课标II卷--accidentally; 2022浙江1月卷—roughly; 2021新课标I卷--undoubtedly; 2021北京卷—safely; 2021浙江1月卷—sharply; 2021天津卷--increasingly; 2020全国III卷—gently; 2020全国I卷—extremely; 2020全国II卷—certainly。 考点一：动词转化为名词。 1. (2024新课标II卷） The latest (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 1. engineering。 解析：考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 2.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ( complete ) of their journey. 2. completion。 解析：考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 3.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 3. criticism。 解析：考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 4. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 4. arrival。 解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 5.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 5. representative。 解析：考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 6.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 6. marriage。 解析：考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。 后缀 示例 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 －er/ －or sail→sailor海员，水手 drive→driver司机；驾驶员 gather→gatherer收集者，采集者 teach→teacher老师 announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 －ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 astonish→astonishment惊奇 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 guide→guidance指引；指导 perform→performance表演；表现 exist→existence存在；生存 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ -ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 考点二：形容词转化为名词。 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England. 1. richness。 解析：考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 2. （2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 2. visibility。 解析：考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 3.（2020新课标III卷）Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 3. curiosity。 解析：考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。 4. （2020新课标卷）Historical __________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 4. accuracy。 解析：考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。 后缀 例词 －age short→shortage 短缺 percent→percentage 百分比 －cy efficient→efficiency效率 fluent→fluency流利 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私 －dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智；智慧 －ence different→difference差异 evident →evidence 证据 －ness weak→weakness虚弱；弱点 thick→thickness厚度 kind→kindness仁慈，友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意 －th strong→strength力气；优势 warm→warmth温暖；热情 －y/ －ty safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷；伤残 responsible→responsibility责任 honest→honesty诚实 考点3考查动词转化为形容词。 1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays (close) to protect the plants. 1. closed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 2.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ____________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 2.existing 【解析】考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 常考动词变形容词6种后缀归纳 1.词尾加ful use → useful 有用的 care → careful 小心的 help → helpful 有帮助的 thank → thankful 感激的 peace → peaceful 和平的 forget → forgetful 健忘的 2.词尾加d或ed: please → pleased 高兴的 unite → united 联合的 organize → organized 有组织的 close → closed 封闭的 3.词尾加ing: interest → interesting 有趣的 surprise → surprising 令人惊讶 4.词尾变y为i,加ed: worry → worried 担忧的 marry → married 已婚的 fry → fried 油煎的 terrify → terrified 恐惧的 5.词尾加able: know → knowledgeable 博学的 adjust → adjustable 可调整的 accept→acceptable 可接受的 respect→respectable 体面的 6.其它： lose → lost 迷失的 fool → foolish 愚蠢的 live →living 活着的 wake → awake 醒着的 taste → tasty 美味的 speak → spoken 口语的 break → broken 破损的 educate →educational 教育的 考点4考查名词转化为形容词。 1. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective (function) structure that is also beautiful. 1. functional 【解析】考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 2.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 2.tasty 解析：考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 3.（2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence) speaking English. 3.confident。 解析：考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 4.（2023全国乙卷）The (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 4. remarkable 解析：考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 5.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 5. spacious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 6.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 6. meaningful 【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 常考名词变形容词13种后缀归纳 1.+y 结尾的形容词 anger →angry 生气的 hunger→hungry 饿的 fog→foggy 有雾的 fur→furry 毛皮的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 health→healthy 健康的 2.名词+ ed balance→balanced 平衡的 spot → spotted 有斑点的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 talent→talented 有天赋的 3.名词+ ful/less meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 pain →painful 痛苦的 beauty →beautiful 美丽的 wonder →wonderful 极好的 fear→ fearless 不怕的 4.名词+ able change →changeable 易变的 comfort→comfortable 舒适的 suit →suitable 合适的 knowledge→knowledgeable 博学的 5.名词+ ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 danger→dangerous 危险的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 fame →famous 著名的 poison→poisonous 有毒的 humor→humorous 幽默地 6. ce变成t结尾的形容词 innocence →innocent 无辜的 evidence →evident 显然的 silence →silent 沉默的 patience→patient 有耐心的 7. +al 结尾的形容词 addition→additional 附加的 class→classical 经典的 medicine →medical 医学的 music→musical 音乐的 grammar→grammatical 语法的 globe→global 全球的 agriculture→agricultural 农业的 culture→cultural 文化的 8.+ly结尾的形容词 friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 day →daily 每日的 month →monthly 每月的 9.+ en结尾的形容词 wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 gold →golden 金子般的 10. 学科名词加cal变成形容词 chemistry →chemical 化学的 physics →physical 身体的 politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 11.ance变成ant结尾的形容词 significance →significant 有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 tolerance →tolerant 容忍的 12.+cial结尾的形容词 benefit →beneficial 有益的 face→ facial 面部的 commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 13.其他 energy→energetic 精力充沛的 strategy→strategic 战略的 self→selfish 自私的 wisdom→wise 明智的 freedom →free 空的, 免费的 height →high 高的 love→loving 慈爱的 death→dead 死的 pleasure→pleased 高兴的 popularity →popular 流行的 pride→proud 骄傲的 scientist→scientific 科学的 freedom→free 自由的 world → worldwide 全世界的 考点5考查形容词转化为副词。 1.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one. 1.simply 【解析】考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语修饰动词throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。 2.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 2. accidentally 【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 3.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 3.Basically 解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 4.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 4. increasingly 【解析】考查副词。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。increasingly越来越多地，渐增地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。 5.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ____________ (rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 5. roughly 【解析】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 形容词加-ly变副词六种场合 规则 示例 例外 多数形容词直接加-ly变为副词 successful—successfully severe—severely extreme—extremely quick—quickly full-fully 以-y结尾形容词变y为i再加-ly变副词 happy—happily easy—easily necessary---necessarily heavy—heavily shy—shyly 以-le, -ble结尾的形容词去e加y变副词 gentle—gently possible—possibly probable—probably simple—simply true—truly whole—wholly 以-ic结尾的形容词直接加-ally变为副词 basic—basically specific—specifically scientific—scientifically automatic--automatically public--publicly 以-ing结尾形容词变为直接加-ly副词 surprising-surprisingly increasing—increasingly interesting—interestingly joking—jokingly 以-ed结尾形容词变为副词直接加-ly repeat—repeatedly hurried—hurriedly excited—excitedly expected--unexpectedly （建议用时：40分钟） 【类型二：动词、形容词转换为名词微练】 1. Please look for the answers in the (refer) book if you have difficulty. 【答案】reference 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你有困难，请在参考书中查找答案。此处修饰名词book，应用名词reference，作定语。故填reference。 2. While e-commerce worries some merchants, it contributes to the development of the (deliver) industry. 【答案】delivery 【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然电子商务让一些商家感到担忧，但它有助于快递行业的发展。此处为名词作定语，deliver的名词delivery意为“递送，传递”，delivery industry意为“快递业”。故填delivery。 3. A U.S. company has developed facial (recognize) software that can help the police. 【答案】recognition 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个美国公司开发了面部识别软件，这个软件可以帮助警察。根据句意及所给词汇，结合空前形容词“facial”和空后名词“software”可知，空处应用名词recognition“识别，辨别”，与 facial组成短语facial recognition“面部识别”，作定语修饰software。故填recognition。 4. （24-25高一上·重庆·期中）They’ll learn some (survive) skills from the expert. 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们会从专家那里学到一些生存技巧。名词survival作定语修饰名词skills，survival skills表示“生存技能”。故填survival。 5. Having waited in the queue for two hours, Jack suddenly realized that he had left his (identify) card at home. 【答案】identity 【详解】考查名词。句意：排队等了两个小时后，杰克突然意识到他把身份证忘在家里了。设空处为名词作定语，identity card身份证。故填identity。 6. Please arrive 1 hour and 30 minutes before (depart) time. 【答案】departure 【详解】考查名词。句意：请在起飞前1小时30分钟到达。设空处使用名词作定语，departure time意为“出发时间”。故填departure。 7. I opened the box and saw a (greet) card with “Happy Birthday” in the blank wrapper. 【答案】greeting 【详解】考查名词。句意：我打开盒子，看到一个写着“生日快乐”的贺卡在空白的包装纸里。本空用名词greeting“问候，致意”，作定语，修饰名词card。故填greeting。 8. The television (adapt) of the stage play was very successful. 【答案】adaptation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这部舞台剧的电视改编非常成功。分析句子可知，空处作主语且空前有“The television”修饰，需填名词形式。所给动词adapt转换为名词形式为 adaptation，且句中was表明主语为单数形式，故填adaptation。 9. Her (generous) helped those in need realize their dreams and rebuild faith in life. 【答案】generosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的慷慨帮助那些需要帮助的人实现他们的梦想，并重建对生活的信心。所给词为形容词generous，需转换为名词generosity，“慷慨”，为不可数名词，作主语。故填generosity。 10. In recent years, his ideas have undergone a complete (transform). 【答案】transformation 【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，他的思想发生了彻底的转变。根据空前a complete可知，空处应填名词单数形式，作谓语动词have undergone的宾语，transform的名词形式为transformation，意为“（彻底的）变化，改观，转变，改革”。故填transformation。 11. It is difficult for us to finish writing the (compose) in a quarter of an hour. 【答案】composition 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们很难在一刻钟内写完这篇作文。此处应用名词composition作宾语，由the和句意可知，此处特指这篇作文，应用单数，故填composition。 12. To our great (relieve), Dad turned down the terrible idea. 【答案】relief 【详解】考查名词。句意：令我们大为宽慰的是，爸爸拒绝了这个糟糕的主意。great是形容词，修饰名词，relieve的名词形式是relief，意为“宽慰”，是不可数名词。故填relief。 13. She stepped back as if in (defend) . 【答案】defence 【详解】考查名词。句意：她向后退了一步，好像是在自卫。in defence意为“为了保护；为了防御”，固定搭配，名词作宾语。故填defence。 14. Addressing climate change is a top (prior) for the government in its upcoming policies. 【答案】priority 【详解】考查名词。句意：应对气候变化是政府在即将出台的政策中的首要任务。空处用于形容词top之后，应用名词形式priority“优先事项，首要事情”，作动词is的表语，根据空前a可知，应用单数形式。故填priority。 15. The photographs are a (remind) of the life in the 1920s. 【答案】reminder 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些照片让人想起20世纪20年代的生活。根据语境和所给词remind“提醒”，可知使用其名词形式reminder“提醒物，令人回忆起……的东西”，作表语，结合空格前的不定冠词a，可知用单数名词即可。故填reminder。 【类型二：动词、名词转换为形容词微练】 1. It has been confirmed that the (injure) in the car crash were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 【答案】injured 【详解】考查形容词。句意：已证实在这次车祸中的伤者已被立刻送往最近的医院。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，表示“伤者”，“the+形容词原级”表示一类人，所以此处用动词injure(使受伤)的形容词injured(受伤的)，the injured表示“受伤的人；伤者”，故填injured。 2. Police officers must be prepared for the (expect) . 【答案】unexpected 【详解】考查形容词。句意：警察必须为意外事件做好准备。the +形容词，表示某一类的事物。the unexpected意料不到的事。根据句意，故填unexpected。 3. Smart homes can warn you early on if there is something . (normal) 【答案】abnormal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果有异常情况，智能家居可以提前提醒您。根据句意和前文提示warn you early，空处应表示“异常的”含义，所以要填形容词normal的反义词，即形容词abnormal，表示“异常的”，修饰不定代词something，作后置定语。故填abnormal。 4. China’s new media industry witnessed (explode) development. 【答案】explosive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国新媒体行业呈现爆发式发展。根据句意和空格后的名词development可知，空格处应该用形容词explosive作定语，修饰后面的名词development。故填explosive。 5. It is the most (inspire) speech that I’ve heard in a long time. 【答案】inspiring 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是我很长时间以来听到的最鼓舞人心的演讲。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词speech，inspire的形容词inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”符合句意。故填inspiring。 6. These units played a key (function) role in the military operation. 【答案】functional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些部队在军事行动中发挥了关键的职能作用。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词role，function的形容词为functional意为“职能的”符合句意。故填functional。 7. Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an (art) life. 【答案】artistic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报。修饰名词“life”，用形容词形式。art的形容词形式为artistic，意为“艺术的”。故填artistic。 8. We need to maintain an (ecology) balance between humans and nature. 【答案】ecological 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们需要保持人与自然之间的生态平衡。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词balance，ecology的形容词是ecological，意为“生态的”。故填ecological。 9. How to maintain (sustain) development is a matter of significant importance. 【答案】sustainable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如何保持可持续发展是一个非常重要的问题。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词development，sustain的形容词是sustainable，意为“可持续的”。故填sustainable。 10. It is (convince) that emojis have become more and more popular in modern world. 【答案】convincing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人信服的是，表情符号在现代世界中变得越来越流行。此处为形容词作表语It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句，再结合空前的is ，convince的形容词convincing，意为“令人信服的”符合句意。故填convincing。 【类型三：形容词转换为副词微练】 1. To him, travelling is not (mere) a hobby, but a way of life. 【答案】merely 【详解】考查副词。句意：对他来说，旅行不仅是一种爱好，而且是一种生活方式。表示“不仅仅”应用程度副词merely，作状语。故填merely。 2. I believe it is normal for anyone to do something crazy (occasional). 【答案】occasionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：我相信任何人偶尔做一些疯狂的事情都是正常的。结合句意和提示词可知，应填入频度副词occasionally，作状语，表示“偶尔”。故填occasionally。 3. The report can be (convenient) divided into three main sections. 【答案】conveniently 【详解】考查副词。句意：这份报告可以方便地分为三个主要部分。空处修饰谓语动词be divided，需用副词，convenient为形容词，其副词为conveniently，意为“方便地”。故填conveniently。 4. China’s swimming team won and smashed the record in the (incredible) tough men’s 4×100m freestyle match. 【答案】incredibly 【详解】考查副词。句意：中国游泳队在极其艰苦的男子4×100m自由泳比赛中获胜并打破了纪录。空格处用副词修饰形容词tough，incredible的副词是incredibly，意为“非常地”。故填incredibly。 5. The team (narrow) won the game by a single point. 【答案】narrowly 【详解】考查副词。句意：该队以一分之差险胜。空处修饰谓语动词won，需用副词，作状语，narrow为形容词，其副词为narrowly，意为“勉强地；以毫厘之差”。故填narrowly。 6. The man in the river (desperate) tried to reach the side. 【答案】desperately 【详解】考查副词。句意：在河里的那个男人拼命地试图到达岸边。此处修饰动词tried，应用副词desperately，意为“拼命地，不顾一切地”，作状语。故填desperately。 7. (ultimate), you’ll have to make the decision yourself. 【答案】Ultimately 【详解】考查副词。句意：最终，你必须自己做决定。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的副词形式ultimately作状语，修饰后文整个句子。首字母大写。故填Ultimately。 8. The company’s exports have been increasing (steady) these years. 【答案】steadily 【详解】考查副词。句意：这些年来，该公司的出口一直在稳步增长。空处修饰动词have been increasing，需填副词作状语，steady为形容词，其副词为steadily，意为“稳定地”。故填steadily。 9. His quality of life has improved (dramatic) since the operation. 【答案】dramatically 【详解】考查副词。句意：自从他动完手术，他的生活质量显著提高。空处需要填dramatic的副词形式dramatically作状语修饰谓语has improved，因此填dramatically。 10. I reached forward and (gentle) moved my hand over the elephant’s neck. 【答案】gently 【详解】考查副词。句意：我向前伸出手，轻轻地把手移到大象的脖子上。空格处修饰动词moved，应用副词gently“轻轻地”，作状语。故填gently。 【类型四：词类转换综合训练微练】 1. (panic), he tried to rise from the chair, but several hands pushed him back down. 【答案】Panicked 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他惊慌失措，想从椅子上站起来，但有几只手把他推了下去。空格处用形容词作状语，panic的形容词是panicked，意为“惊慌失措的”。故填Panicked。 2. Modest as well as (ambition), they are admired by many young people. 【答案】ambitious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们既谦虚又有抱负，受到许多年轻人的钦佩。空格处用形容词作状语，与Modest并列，ambition的形容词是ambitious，意为“有雄心的，有抱负的”，符合句意。故填ambitious。 3. He tried to return to work, but found he could no longer deal with his (demand) job. 【答案】demanding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他试图回去工作，但发现自己再也无法应付那份要求很高的工作了。设空处需要用形容词形式，作定语修饰名词job，表示“要求高的”，应用demanding。故填demanding。 4. The first time I travelled to Yunnan with my parents, I was (extreme) excited at the beautiful scenery. 【答案】extremely 【详解】考查副词。句意：我第一次和父母去云南旅行时，我对那里美丽的风景感到非常兴奋。修饰形容词excited，需用副词extremely，作状语。故填extremely。 5. (brief) speaking, the research findings indicate a positive correlation between exercise and mental well-being. 【答案】Briefly 【详解】考查副词。句意：简而言之，研究结果表明运动与心理健康之间存在正相关关系。修饰动词speaking，需用副词briefly，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Briefly。 6. His coach patted his shoulder, and said something to him (significant). 【答案】significantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：教练拍了拍他的肩膀，意味深长地对他说了些什么。此处为副词作状语修饰动词said，significant的副词为significantly意为“意味深长地”符合句意。故填significantly。 7. That is a (potential) dangerous situation to him. 【答案】potentially 【详解】考查副词。句意：这对他来说是个潜在的危险情况。修饰形容词dangerous，需用副词potentially，作状语。故填potentially。 8. When the tsunami hit the area, people felt (overwhelm) and were caught by great fear. 【答案】overwhelmed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当海啸袭击该地区时，人们感到不知所措，被极大的恐惧所笼罩。作表语，应用形容词overwhelmed，故填overwhelmed。 9. After much discussion, they finally came up with a (solve) that satisfied everyone. 【答案】solution 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过多次讨论，他们终于想出了一个让每个人都满意的解决方案。根据句子分析可知，此处需用名词“solution”（解决方案）作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填solution。 10. The document has an (attach) that you need to read carefully. 【答案】attachment 【详解】考查名词。句意：这份文件有一个附件，你需要仔细阅读。名词attachment意为“附件”，作宾语，不定冠词an提示单数形式。故填attachment。 11. People are paying more and more attention to the (conserve) of wildlife. 【答案】conservation 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们越来越重视野生动物的保护。此处为the+名词+of... 结构，conserve的名词形式conservation，表示 “保护”，符合句子意思。故填conservation。 12. (essential), what we are suggesting is that the firm needs to change. 【答案】Essentially 【详解】考查副词。句意：本质上，我们建议的是公司需要改变。此处应用副词essentially作状语，修饰整个句子，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Essentially。 13. The movie’s plot was so (confuse) that I had a hard time following it. 【答案】confusing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部电影的情节是如此令人困惑，以至于我很难理解。根据系动词was可知，空处应填-ing结尾的形容词confusing，作表语，意为“令人困惑的”，修饰事物。故填confusing。 14. In (compare) with last year, this year, the sales have risen sharply. 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查固定短语和名词。句意：与去年比较起来，今年的销售额急剧上升。根据空前in和空后with可知，空处应填名词形式。动词compare的名词comparison，意为“比较”，in comparison with为固定搭配，意为“与……比较起来”。故填comparison。 15. The man never loses his ( eager ) to help those in need in spite of difficulty. 【答案】eagerness 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管困难重重，这个人从来没有失去帮助那些需要帮助的人的热情。由空前his为形容词性物主代词可知，此处为名词形式作宾语。故填eagerness。 【类型五：语法填空语篇训练】泰山景区机器狗送货 （24-25高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tech for people A robotic dog for delivering heavy loads (including garbage) is in a test run at the Taishan Mountain scenic area in Tai’an, Shandong Province. It 1 (serve) as a “porter”, transporting goods uphill and reducing human labor. Due to the complex terrain (地形，地势) of the Taishan Mountain scenic area and the presence of only hiking trails, large-scale mechanized operations are not possible, leading to manual garbage collection. During peak visitor hours, 2 hikers occupy all trails, trash is   3 (temporary) stored on the sides until a later concerted effort for collection, a long-standing challenge for the park. Robotic dogs 4 (introduce) for waste collection tests at the Taishan Mountain scenic area 5 (improve) transportation efficiency based on the latest technology and advanced practices from other locations. The robotic dogs 6 (participate) in the test are among the fastest and most advanced industrial-grade quadruped (有四足的) robots on the market. They boast strong obstacle-crossing capabilities, outstanding 7 (stable) and balance, excellent load-bearing and endurance capacities, among other performance advantages. The robotic dog used in this test is 8 example of how technology can help solve environmental problems in tourist areas. This new approach is hoped to reduce the burden on workers and make the scenic area 9 (clean). “The modern technology and the ancient culture of Taishan Mountain are closely connected to form a unique landscape, not only bringing new 10 (opportunity) for the development of Taishan’s tourism, but also providing new ideas for the inheritance and innovation of Taishan culture,” said Wang Zhongwu, a professor at Shandong University. 【答案】 1. serves 2. when 3. temporarily 4. are introduced 5. to improve 6. participating 7. stability 8. an 9. cleaner 10. opportunities 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是在山东省泰安市泰山风景区进行的一项测试：使用机器狗来运送重物（包括垃圾），以提高运输效率，减轻人工负担，并改善旅游区的环境问题。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它充当“搬运工”，把货物运到山上，减少了人力劳动。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填serves。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：在游客高峰时段，当徒步旅行者占据了所有的小径时，垃圾就会暂时储存在路边，直到后来有人齐心协力收集，这对公园来说是一个长期的挑战。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词peak visitor hours是时间，因此空格处用关系副词when，故填when。 3. 考查副词。句意：在游客高峰时段，当徒步旅行者占据了所有的小径时，垃圾就会暂时储存在路边，直到后来有人齐心协力收集，这对公园来说是一个长期的挑战。空格处用副词修饰动词stored，temporary的副词是temporarily，意为“暂时地”，故填temporarily。 4. 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：为了借鉴其他地区的最新技术和先进做法，提高运输效率，在泰山风景区引入了机器狗进行垃圾收集测试。机器狗是被引入，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语dogs是复数，因此空格处是are introduced。故填are introduced。 5. 考查不定式。句意：为了借鉴其他地区的最新技术和先进做法，提高运输效率，在泰山风景区引入了机器狗进行垃圾收集测试。根据语境可知，句子表示“为了借鉴其他地区的最新技术和先进做法，提高运输效率，在泰山风景区引入了机器狗进行垃圾收集测试”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to improve。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：参与测试的机器狗是市场上最快、最先进的工业级四足机器人之一。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，dogs和participate之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填participating。 7. 考查名词。句意：它们具有强大的跨障能力，出色的稳定性和平衡性，出色的承载和耐力等性能优势。outstanding是形容词，修饰名词，stable的名词是stability，是不可数名词，意为“稳定性”。故填stability。 8. 考查冠词。句意：这次测试中使用的机器狗是技术如何帮助解决旅游区环境问题的一个例子。example是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，example是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 9. 考查比较级。句意：这一新方法旨在减轻工人的负担，使景区更加清洁。根据语境可知，句子表示“这一新方法旨在减轻工人的负担，使景区更加清洁”，空格处用比较级cleaner。故填cleaner。 10. 考查名词的复数。句意：山东大学教授Wang Zhongwu表示：“泰山的现代科技和古老文化紧密相连，形成了独特的景观，不仅为泰山旅游业的发展带来了新的机遇，也为泰山文化的传承和创新提供了新的思路。”opportunity是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填opportunities。 ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点05 语法填空之词性转换 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1动词/名词转化为名词 （5年8考） 2024新课标I卷--engineering; 2024全国甲卷--completion； 2023新课标II卷--arrival; 2023全国甲卷--warning; 2022全国甲卷--protection; 2021新课标II卷--representative; 2021全国乙卷--development; 2020新课标II卷—celebration。 1.重点考查动词、名词、形容词和副词之间的转换。 2.考生需要积累常见前缀、后缀的含义和变形。 3.考生应学会借助语境推断空白处的词性，进而确定词形。 考点2形容词转化为名词 （5年5考） 2024新课标I卷--richness; 2022全国乙卷--responsibility; 2020新课标I卷--interest; 2020新课标III卷--curiosity; 2020新课标卷--accuracy。 考点3考查动词转化为形容词 （5年5考） 2024新课标I卷--closed 2022浙江卷--existing; 2022浙江卷--sighted; 2022新课标I卷--astonished; 2021新课标II卷—excited。 考点4考查名词转化为形容词 （5年15考） 2024新课标I卷—functional； 2023新课标I卷--tasty; 2023新课标II卷--confident; 2023全国甲卷--different; 2023全国乙卷--remarkable; 2023浙江1月卷spacious; 2022新课标II卷--asleep; 2022全国甲卷--meaningful; 2021新课标II卷--harmful; 2021全国甲卷--daily； 2021全国乙卷--financial; 2020新课标卷--wealthy; 2020全国I卷--much; 2020全国II卷--beautiful; 2020北京卷—lucky。 考点5考查形容词转化为副词 （5年14考） 2024九省联考卷--simply; 2023浙江1月卷--originally; 2023新课标II卷—basically 2023新课标I卷--rarely; 2022新课标I卷--eventually; 2022新课标II卷--accidentally; 2022浙江1月卷—roughly; 2021新课标I卷--undoubtedly; 2021北京卷—safely; 2021浙江1月卷—sharply; 2021天津卷--increasingly; 2020全国III卷—gently; 2020全国I卷—extremely; 2020全国II卷—certainly。 考点一：动词转化为名词。 1. (2024新课标II卷） The latest (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 2.（2024全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ( complete ) of their journey. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the __________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 4. (2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 5.（2021新课标II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 6.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 考点二：形容词转化为名词。 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the (rich) of gardening in England. 2.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers. 3.（2020新课标III卷）Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 4. （2020新课标卷）Historical __________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 考点3考查动词转化为形容词。 1.（2024新课标I卷）In cold weather, the structure stays (close) to protect the plants. 2.（2022浙江卷）Blind people recognize shapes with their ____________ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of sighted people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. 考点4考查名词转化为形容词。 1. (2024新课标I卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective (function) structure that is also beautiful. 2.（2023新课标I卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 3.（2023新课标II卷）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and (confidence) speaking English. 4.（2023全国乙卷）The (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 5.（2023浙江1月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens. 6.（2022全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. 考点5考查形容词转化为副词。 1.（2024九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one. 2.（2022新课标II卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 3.（2023新课标II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. 4.（2021天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. 5.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, ____________ (rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. （建议用时：40分钟） 【类型二：动词、形容词转换为名词微练】 1. Please look for the answers in the (refer) book if you have difficulty. 2. While e-commerce worries some merchants, it contributes to the development of the (deliver) industry. 3. A U.S. company has developed facial (recognize) software that can help the police. 4.（24-25高一上·重庆·期中）They’ll learn some (survive) skills from the expert. 5. Having waited in the queue for two hours, Jack suddenly realized that he had left his (identify) card at home. 6. Please arrive 1 hour and 30 minutes before (depart) time. 7. I opened the box and saw a (greet) card with “Happy Birthday” in the blank wrapper. 8. The television (adapt) of the stage play was very successful. 9. Her (generous) helped those in need realize their dreams and rebuild faith in life. 10. In recent years, his ideas have undergone a complete (transform). 11. It is difficult for us to finish writing the (compose) in a quarter of an hour. 12. To our great (relieve), Dad turned down the terrible idea. 13. She stepped back as if in (defend) . 14. Addressing climate change is a top (prior) for the government in its upcoming policies. 15. The photographs are a (remind) of the life in the 1920s. 【类型二：动词、名词转换为形容词微练】 1. It has been confirmed that the (injure) in the car crash were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 2. Police officers must be prepared for the (expect) . 3. Smart homes can warn you early on if there is something . (normal) 4. China’s new media industry witnessed (explode) development. 5. It is the most (inspire) speech that I’ve heard in a long time. 6. These units played a key (function) role in the military operation. 7. Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an (art) life. 8. We need to maintain an (ecology) balance between humans and nature. 9. How to maintain (sustain) development is a matter of significant importance. 10. It is (convince) that emojis have become more and more popular in modern world. 【类型三：形容词转换为副词微练】 1. To him, travelling is not (mere) a hobby, but a way of life. 2. I believe it is normal for anyone to do something crazy (occasional). 3. The report can be (convenient) divided into three main sections. 4. China’s swimming team won and smashed the record in the (incredible) tough men’s 4×100m freestyle match. 5. The team (narrow) won the game by a single point. 6. The man in the river (desperate) tried to reach the side. 7. (ultimate), you’ll have to make the decision yourself. 8. The company’s exports have been increasing (steady) these years. 9. His quality of life has improved (dramatic) since the operation. 10. I reached forward and (gentle) moved my hand over the elephant’s neck. 【类型四：词类转换综合训练微练】 1. (panic), he tried to rise from the chair, but several hands pushed him back down. 2. Modest as well as (ambition), they are admired by many young people. 3. He tried to return to work, but found he could no longer deal with his (demand) job. 4. The first time I travelled to Yunnan with my parents, I was (extreme) excited at the beautiful scenery. 5. (brief) speaking, the research findings indicate a positive correlation between exercise and mental well-being. 6. His coach patted his shoulder, and said something to him (significant). 7. That is a (potential) dangerous situation to him. 8. When the tsunami hit the area, people felt (overwhelm) and were caught by great fear. 9. After much discussion, they finally came up with a (solve) that satisfied everyone. 10. The document has an (attach) that you need to read carefully. 11. People are paying more and more attention to the (conserve) of wildlife. 12. (essential), what we are suggesting is that the firm needs to change. 13. The movie’s plot was so (confuse) that I had a hard time following it. 14. In (compare) with last year, this year, the sales have risen sharply. 15. The man never loses his ( eager ) to help those in need in spite of difficulty. 【类型五：语法填空语篇训练】泰山景区机器狗送货 （24-25高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tech for people A robotic dog for delivering heavy loads (including garbage) is in a test run at the Taishan Mountain scenic area in Tai’an, Shandong Province. It 1 (serve) as a “porter”, transporting goods uphill and reducing human labor. Due to the complex terrain (地形，地势) of the Taishan Mountain scenic area and the presence of only hiking trails, large-scale mechanized operations are not possible, leading to manual garbage collection. During peak visitor hours, 2 hikers occupy all trails, trash is   3 (temporary) stored on the sides until a later concerted effort for collection, a long-standing challenge for the park. Robotic dogs 4 (introduce) for waste collection tests at the Taishan Mountain scenic area 5 (improve) transportation efficiency based on the latest technology and advanced practices from other locations. The robotic dogs 6 (participate) in the test are among the fastest and most advanced industrial-grade quadruped (有四足的) robots on the market. They boast strong obstacle-crossing capabilities, outstanding 7 (stable) and balance, excellent load-bearing and endurance capacities, among other performance advantages. The robotic dog used in this test is 8 example of how technology can help solve environmental problems in tourist areas. This new approach is hoped to reduce the burden on workers and make the scenic area 9 (clean). “The modern technology and the ancient culture of Taishan Mountain are closely connected to form a unique landscape, not only bringing new 10 (opportunity) for the development of Taishan’s tourism, but also providing new ideas for the inheritance and innovation of Taishan culture,” said Wang Zhongwu, a professor at Shandong University. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$