重难点06 语法填空之定语从句-2025年高考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（新高考通用）

重难点06 语法填空之定语从句 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1考查定语从句关系代词 that, which的用法 （5年9考） 2024新课标I卷—which/that; 2024全国甲卷--which; 2024浙江1月卷—which/that; 2023全国乙卷-- which/that; 2022新课标I卷—that; 2021新课标II卷-- which/that; 2021北京卷—that; 2021浙江1月卷-- which/that; 2020新课标卷-- which/that。 1. 考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2. 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法及区别。 3.考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法区别。 4.考查定语从句主谓一致的用法。 5. 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”关系代词which和whom的选择。 6.遇到定语从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 5.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用定语从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。 考点2考查定语从句关系代词 who, whom, whose, as的用法 （5年7考） 2024新课标II卷--who; 2023全国甲卷--as; 2023全国乙卷—whose; 2022浙江1月卷—who/that; 2022全国甲卷—who; 2020全国III卷—whose; 2020天津卷—whose。 考点3考查定语从句关系副词 when, where, why的用法 （5年4考） 2023天津3月卷--where; 2023全国甲卷--where; 2021天津卷--where; 2020全国I卷。 考点4考查定语从句主谓一致的用法（5年1考） 2020江苏卷—suits 考点5考查“介词+关系代词”的用法 （5年2考） 2021天津卷—from which; 2020江苏卷—from which。 考点一：考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法。 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 3.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 4.（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 考点二：考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法。 1.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, _________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 2. Tinniswood, _________ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 3.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 4.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 考点三：考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法。 1.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 2.（2020全国I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 3 She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who went missing two years before. 4. Do you know the reason _______Jim failed to come today? 考点四：考查定语从句主谓一致的用法。 1.（2020江苏卷）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________ everyone. 考点五：考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法。 1.（2021天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we can learn without repeating them. 2.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free. （建议用时：40分钟） 【类型一：定语从句关系代词that、which用法微练】 1.The teacher was satisfied with all the homework had been finished by us. 2.I’ll never forget the time we spent together in the countryside. 3.The smart devices have caught the attention of the public, I hope will advance the innovation in future homes. 4.The museum, exhibits many precious artifacts, attracts numerous visitors. 5.The school has created an atmosphere where we can develop our own interests freely, can help us develop ourselves all round. 6.The sun gives us heat and light, without we can’t live. 7.As a consequence, they had to take a series of steps, none of was powerful enough to prevent the disaster.   8.Local festivals and customs, may have deep meaning in a particular culture, can simply become entertainment for tourists. 9.This is the only book can help you solve this problem. 10.We’ll pay a visit to the famous singer and his music studio we have often talked about. 【类型二：定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法微练】 1.The digital age also enables us to find people share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. 2.（24-25高一上·广东·期中）Do you know the English teacher with Jay talked just now? 3.（24-25高一上·上海·期中）This city, history can date back to 2000 years ago, has become a modern city where you can experience both the new and the old. 4.（24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）The man responsibility was to safeguard the visitors saved the girl from the river. 5.We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, keep us updated on each patient. 6.（24-25高一上·江苏南通·期中）Tom invited several people to come to his home for dinner last night, two of were his classmates. 7.（24-25高二上·四川成都·期中）My favorite comedian is Charlie Chaplin, unique way of performing and classic works have brought joy and happiness to the whole world. 8. you can see, I have a degree in finance, and I also have three years of work experience. 9.（24-25高一上·江苏常州·期中） is often the case with new technology, it takes a while for people to fully understand it. 10.（22-23高一上·黑龙江鹤岗·期中）The Bird’s Nest is such a fantastic building attracts a great many tourists. 【类型三：定语从句关系副词when, where, where的用法微练】 1.There comes a time the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 2.I shall never forget those years I lived in the country with the farmers, has a great effect on my life. 3.Though it is 20 years since we last met, I still remember the scene we got separated on a snowy day. 4.Recently, we have encountered several cases the software failed to perform as expected under certain conditions. 5.（24-25高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere children can be free to express themselves. 6.（23-24高一上·全国·期中）Jack never keeps the books in a place he can find them easily. That’s the reason he’s always looking for them. 7.（23-24高一上·全国·期中）---- Do you know the reason he was late for the meeting yesterday? ----Yes, but I don’t think the reason he told me is reasonable. 8.（22-23高一上·福建厦门·期中）He began his career as a head football coach in 1969, he was elected to lead the Oakland Raiders. 9.（23-24高二上·广东东莞·期中）Millions of people died in the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe. 10.（24-25高一上·江苏无锡·期中）Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience. 【类型四：定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法微练】 1.（24-25高一上·上海·期中）I still remember the day on everything changed when a single phone call delivered the long-awaited news of my dream job offer. 2.（23-24高一下·四川达州·期中）These terraces still mean a lot to the local people whom traditions hold much value. 3.The place at the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross­river traffic is the heaviest. 4.（23-24高一下·北京·期中）I think she is my Ms. Right. I know from the first sight of her that she is the one without my life will surely be dull and colorless. 5.（23-24高一下·北京·期中）The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through he could see what is happening outside. 6.The police arrested the very man in backpack I found my lost wallet. 7.（23-24高一上·江苏·阶段练习）A relationship with a true friend to you can turn in trouble will surely produce fruit. 8.（23-24高一上·山东青岛·期中）Luckily, we’d brought a road map without we would have lost our way. 9.They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory which they worked had poor air quality. 10.The man, whom I learned the news, is an engineer. 【类型五：定语从句中主谓一致微练】 1.Tom was the only one of the students who (be) admitted to the key school that year. 2.Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who (wear) ordinary evening dress. 3.He is the only one of the students who (have) passed the exam. 4.Anyone who (want) to see the film should put up your hands. 5.Music is a sweet language to show love to those who love us and those who (love) by us. 【类型六：定语从句与读后续写微练】 1. (2023新高考I卷)我永远不会忘记这段经历，它将永远是我一生中最珍贵的回忆之一。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. (2023新高考I卷)我感谢我的老师，他的鼓励和支持让我发现了自己的潜能。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. (2023浙江1月卷)我忍不住赶回了那座废弃的房子，它不小心飞了进来，被困在那里，无助而绝望。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. (2022新高考I卷)大卫又恢复了他一贯的笑容，这给我留下了深刻的印象。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. (2021新高考I卷)妈妈咬了一口三明治，大声说这是她吃过的最好的三明治。 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【类型七：语法填空语篇训练】四川成立大熊猫学院 （湖北省重点高中2024-2025学年高二12月联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first Giant Panda College, jointly established by the Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Administration and China West Normal University (CWNU) in Sichuan in 2024, planned to admit 50 undergraduates 1 (major) in Wildlife and Nature Reserve Management. The giant panda is always thought to be “flagship species” in global biodiversity conservation efforts. It stands 2 a “living fossil (化石)” within the animal kingdom, enjoying adoration from people around the world. Since its origination, the Giant Panda College has aimed for innovation in its curriculum. It integrates subjects such as zoology and botany and offers 3 (tailor) courses like Advances in Giant Panda Conservation Biology. In the next four years, the newly admitted students 4 (receive) training that covers both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, 5 goal is to prepare these students to become key 6 (contributor) to the construction of ecological civilization in the future. CWNU, selected 7 (house) the Giant Panda College due to its early and enduring involvement in giant panda ecology research, has 8 longstanding focus on the ecological protection of rare wild animals and resources in southwest China’s mountains. CWNU is the earliest and most 9 (influence) university to conduct research in the field of wild giant panda ecology. The Sichuan education authority expressed the hope 10 the college will continue to cultivate all-round talents to contribute to policy research, ecological protection and international cooperation and exchange within giant panda national parks. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点06 语法填空之定语从句 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1考查定语从句关系代词 that, which的用法 （5年9考） 2024新课标I卷—which/that; 2024全国甲卷--which; 2024浙江1月卷—which/that; 2023全国乙卷-- which/that; 2022新课标I卷—that; 2021新课标II卷-- which/that; 2021北京卷—that; 2021浙江1月卷-- which/that; 2020新课标卷-- which/that。 1. 考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法区别，这是高频考点也是难点。 2. 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法及区别。 3.考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法区别。 4.考查定语从句主谓一致的用法。 5. 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”关系代词which和whom的选择。 6.遇到定语从句需要学会用括号法括起来视为一个整体便于理解。 5.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用定语从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。 考点2考查定语从句关系代词 who, whom, whose, as的用法 （5年7考） 2024新课标II卷--who; 2023全国甲卷--as; 2023全国乙卷—whose; 2022浙江1月卷—who/that; 2022全国甲卷—who; 2020全国III卷—whose; 2020天津卷—whose。 考点3考查定语从句关系副词 when, where, why的用法 （5年4考） 2023天津3月卷--where; 2023全国甲卷--where; 2021天津卷--where; 2020全国I卷。 考点4考查定语从句主谓一致的用法（5年1考） 2020江苏卷—suits 考点5考查“介词+关系代词”的用法 （5年2考） 2021天津卷—from which; 2020江苏卷—from which。 考点一：考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法。 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 1. which/that 考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 2. which 考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 典型场合 典型示例 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，标志为逗号。 This is the English dictionary, which cost me $10 yesterday. Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office. 用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等，标志为介词。 Is this the room in which Mr. White lives? We have entered into an age at which dreams have the best chance of coming true. 3.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 3. that 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 只用关系代词that场合 典型示例 先行词既为人又为物时 The horse and its rider that you told me are admired by us all. 先行词被序数词修饰时 This is the first film that I have seen since I moved here. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city. 先行词是nothing, anything, all, much, little等不定代词 All that glitters is not gold. Is there anything that I can do for you? 先行词被only, very, little, all等限定词修饰时 This is the very pen that I am looking for. This is the very book that I was looking for. 当主句是以who 或 which 开头的疑问句时 Which book is the one that you recommended? Who is the person that you saw yesterday?  4.（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. 4. that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 考点二：考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法。 1.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___ __ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 1. who 考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 2. Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 2.考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 关系代词who和whom用法 1. who用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意Anyone who…以及Those who…句型。 2. whom用作关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意whom作宾语，可以省略。 3.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”. 3. as。 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 关系代词as在非限制定语从句的用法 1. as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。 2. 位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。 3. 从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词. 4.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect. 4. whose。 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 定语从句关系代词whose用法 1. whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物； 2. 有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构； 3. whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。 考点三：考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法。 1.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 1. where。 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2.（2020全国I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 2. where 【解析】句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 定语从句关系副词where的用法 1.where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。注意定语从句可能是主谓结构或主谓宾结构。 2.先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre。 3.还可以是抽象名词，如point, case, situation, stage, race, position, job等（热点，须牢记）。 3 She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who went missing two years before. 3 when。when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。故答案是when。 定语从句关系副词when用法 1.when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状。 2.先行词是具体时间名词，如day, month, year。 3.还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion等。 4. Do you know the reason _______Jim failed to come today? 4. why。why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状语。故答案是why。 定语从句关系副词why的用法 1.why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状。 2.why还可以用于The reason why…is that…句型。注意如果定语从句谓语动词是及物动词，则应用关系代词。 考点四：考查定语从句主谓一致的用法。 1.（2020江苏卷）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________ everyone. 1. suits 【解析】考查定语从句动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人 解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。 考点五：考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法。 1.（2021天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we can learn without repeating them. 1. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉•哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_________ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。 2.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free. 2. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。 定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法 1.先行词指人关系代词用whom，指物关系代词用which； 2.介词选择的原则：一看先行词特殊搭配，如to a degree；二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from；三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。 3.在特定情况下出现“介词+whose+名词”结构，whose作定语。 （建议用时：40分钟） 【类型一：定语从句关系代词that、which用法微练】 1.The teacher was satisfied with all the homework had been finished by us. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师对我们完成的所有作业都很满意。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词homework是物，且被不定代词all修饰，因此空格处只用that，不用which，故填that。 2.I’ll never forget the time we spent together in the countryside. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们在乡村一起度过的时光。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the time。先行词指物，在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。 3.The smart devices have caught the attention of the public, I hope will advance the innovation in future homes. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：智能设备已经引起了公众的注意，我希望这将推动未来家庭的创新。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词devices是物，因此空格处用which引导定语从句，故填which。 4.The museum, exhibits many precious artifacts, attracts numerous visitors. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个博物馆展出了许多珍贵的文物，吸引了许多游客。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 The museum，指物，在从句 “______ exhibits many precious artifacts” 中作主语，所以用 关系代词which 引导。故填which。 5.The school has created an atmosphere where we can develop our own interests freely, can help us develop ourselves all round. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：学校为我们创造了一个可以自由发展自己兴趣的氛围，这可以帮助我们全面发展自己。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，关系词在从句中主语，使用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 6.The sun gives us heat and light, without we can’t live. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：太阳给我们热和光，没有它们我们就不能生存。空格处引导定语从句，先行词heat and light在非限定性定语从句中作介词without的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7.As a consequence, they had to take a series of steps, none of was powerful enough to prevent the disaster.   【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因此，他们不得不采取一系列步骤，但没有一个步骤足以阻止这场灾难的发生。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词steps，从句中缺少of的宾语，指物，应用which，故填which。 8.Local festivals and customs, may have deep meaning in a particular culture, can simply become entertainment for tourists. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当地的节日和习俗在特定文化中可能有深刻的意义，但对游客来说可能只是娱乐。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Local festivals and customs，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9.This is the only book can help you solve this problem. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是唯一一本可以帮助你解决这个问题的书。空处引导限定词定语从句，修饰先行词the only book。先行词指物，且在定语从句中作主语。因为先行词前面有only修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故填that。 10.We’ll pay a visit to the famous singer and his music studio we have often talked about. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将参观我们经常谈论的这位著名歌手和他的音乐工作室。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“the famous singer and his music studio”，既有人又有物，在从句中作宾语，故应用关系代词“that”引导从句。故填that。 【类型二：定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法微练】 1.The digital age also enables us to find people share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. 【答案】that/who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人，比如收集汽车模型或演奏一种不寻常的乐器。空处引导定语从句，先行词people，在从句作主语，指人，需用关系代词that/who引导。故填that/who。 2.（24-25高一上·广东·期中）Do you know the English teacher with Jay talked just now? 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识刚才和杰伊谈话的那位英语老师吗？空处引导定语从句，先行词the English teacher，指人，在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。 3.（24-25高一上·上海·期中）This city, history can date back to 2000 years ago, has become a modern city where you can experience both the new and the old. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座城市，其历史可以追溯到2000年前，如今已经变成了一座既能体验新事物又能感受古老气息的现代化城市。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的定语从句，先行词this city在从句中作history的定语成分。故填whose。 4.（24-25高一上·北京西城·期中）The man responsibility was to safeguard the visitors saved the girl from the river. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：负责保护游客的人救了那个女孩免于落水。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是The man，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰responsibility，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 5.We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, keep us updated on each patient. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们必须非常敏感，并与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。句中先行词为the doctors and nurses，指人，关系词替代先行词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 6.（24-25高一上·江苏南通·期中）Tom invited several people to come to his home for dinner last night, two of were his classmates. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨晚Tom邀请了几个人来他家吃饭，其中两个是他的同学。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是several people，关系代词在从句中作宾语，同时置于介词of之后，因此用whom。故填whom。 7.（24-25高二上·四川成都·期中）My favorite comedian is Charlie Chaplin, unique way of performing and classic works have brought joy and happiness to the whole world. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我最喜欢的喜剧演员是查理·卓别林，他独特的表演方式和经典作品给全世界带来了欢乐和幸福。此处缺少非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是Charlie Chaplin，定语从句缺少定语修饰名词way，Charlie Chaplin和way之间是所属关系，应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。 8. you can see, I have a degree in finance, and I also have three years of work experience. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如你所看到的，我有金融学位，也有三年的工作经验。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代后文的事实，意为“正如”用as。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填As。 9.（24-25高一上·江苏常州·期中） is often the case with new technology, it takes a while for people to fully understand it. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如新技术的情况一样，人们需要一段时间才能完全理解它。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为后面整个主句，在从句中作主语成分，所以应用关系代词as，表示“正如，像”，且句首时首字母应大写。故填As。 10.（22-23高一上·黑龙江鹤岗·期中）The Bird’s Nest is such a fantastic building attracts a great many tourists. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：鸟巢是一座神奇的建筑，吸引了许多游客。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a fantastic building，且先行词前有such修饰，所以应用as引导。故填as。 【类型三：定语从句关系副词when, where, where的用法微练】 1.There comes a time the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：总有一天，旧的必须让位于新的，当我们走向未来时，不可能保留过去的一切。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，且在从句中作状语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词time指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。 2.I shall never forget those years I lived in the country with the farmers, has a great effect on my life. 【答案】 when, which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我在农村和农民一起生活的那些年，这对我的生活有很大的影响。第一个空格处引导定语从句，对先行词those years进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导从句；第二个空格处引导定语从句，对上文的内容进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。故填when；which。 3.Though it is 20 years since we last met, I still remember the scene we got separated on a snowy day. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：虽然距最后一次见面已经过去了20年，但我仍然记得我们在下雪的那天分别的场景。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the scene，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4.Recently, we have encountered several cases the software failed to perform as expected under certain conditions. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近，我们遇到了几个案例，其中软件在某些条件下无法按预期执行。句中先行词为cases，在定语从句中作状语，表示抽象概念的地点，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5.（24-25高一上·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere children can be free to express themselves. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：家中的长辈，尤其是父母，应该营造一种孩子们可以自由表达自己的氛围。“ children can be free to express themselves”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，表示“在这种氛围中”，是模糊地点，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 6.（23-24高一上·全国·期中）Jack never keeps the books in a place he can find them easily. That’s the reason he’s always looking for them. 【答案】where, why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：杰克从不把书放在容易找到的地方。所以他才一直在找它们。两空引导的都是限制性定语从句，第一个定语从句的先行词是place，在从句中作地点状语，因此第一空用关系副词where；第二个定语从句先行词是reason，在从句中作原因状语，因此第二空用关系副词why，故填where，why。 7.（23-24高一上·全国·期中）---- Do you know the reason he was late for the meeting yesterday? ----Yes, but I don’t think the reason he told me is reasonable. 【答案】why, that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：----你知道他昨天开会迟到的原因吗？----是的，但我认为他告诉我的理由不合理。第一空，空处引导从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词指原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导从句，第二空，空处引导从句，修饰先行词the reason，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导从句。故填①why，②that。 8.（22-23高一上·福建厦门·期中）He began his career as a head football coach in 1969, he was elected to lead the Oakland Raiders. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1969年，他被选为奥克兰突击队员队的主教练，开始了他的足球教练生涯。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为1969，关系词替代先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 9.（23-24高二上·广东东莞·期中）Millions of people died in the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：19世纪初，霍乱爆发袭击欧洲时，数百万人死亡。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the early 19th century，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，故填when。 10.（24-25高一上·江苏无锡·期中）Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：单口喜剧是一种现场表演，表演者通过讲笑话和分享幽默故事来娱乐观众。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词performance是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。 【类型四：定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法微练】 1.（24-25高一上·上海·期中）I still remember the day on everything changed when a single phone call delivered the long-awaited news of my dream job offer. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然记得那一天，一切都改变了，一个电话传来了我梦寐以求的工作机会的消息。空处引导定语从句，先行词是day，关系词在从句中作时间状语，使用关系副词when引导；此处也可使用“介词+关系词”引导定语从句，指“在那一天”使用介词on，关系词在从句中作on的宾语，使用关系代词which，故填which。 2.（23-24高一下·四川达州·期中）These terraces still mean a lot to the local people whom traditions hold much value. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：这些梯田对当地人来说仍然意义重大，因为传统对他们来说很有价值。根据句意和空格后的关系代词whom可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“对于……”，应该用介词for。故填for。 3.The place at the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross­river traffic is the heaviest. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：拟建桥梁的地点应该是跨河交通最繁忙的地方。在定语从句中缺少介词at的宾语，且先行词为place，应用关系代词which。故填which。 4.（23-24高一下·北京·期中）I think she is my Ms. Right. I know from the first sight of her that she is the one without my life will surely be dull and colorless. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想她就是我的Ms. Right。第一眼看到她，我就知道，没有她，我的生活一定会变得枯燥无味。“without _____ my life will surely be dull and colorless”是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词the one指人，设空处指代先行词作介词without宾语，因此空格处用关系代词whom。故填whom。 5.（23-24高一下·北京·期中）The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through he could see what is happening outside. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个顽皮的男孩在墙上打了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到外面发生的事情。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词through+关系代词引导的定语从句，代替先行词hole在从句中作through的宾语成分，应用关系代词which。故填which。 6.The police arrested the very man in backpack I found my lost wallet. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：警察逮捕了那个人，我就是在他的背包里找到了我丢失的钱包。此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句修饰先行词man，表示所属关系，应用whose。故填whose。 7.（23-24高一上·江苏·阶段练习）A relationship with a true friend to you can turn in trouble will surely produce fruit. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个真正的朋友是你在困难时可以向他求助的人，这样的关系一定会结出硕果。分析句子结构可知，此处是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，从句缺to的宾语，先行词是“a true friend”,指人，作介词的宾语，只能用关系代词whom引导从句。故填whom。 8.（23-24高一上·山东青岛·期中）Luckily, we’d brought a road map without we would have lost our way. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，我们带来了一张路线图，没有它我们就会迷路。此处是介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词map，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用介词+which引导定语从句，故填which。 9.They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory which they worked had poor air quality. 【答案】in 【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。句意：他们没有足够的员工，他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。分析句子可知，空处和which搭配引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词laboratory，关系代词which指laboratory，结合“they worked”可推知，表示“在实验室工作”，空处应用介词in。故填in。 10.The man, whom I learned the news, is an engineer. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。句中关系代词whom代指非限定性定语从句中先行词The man，结合句意可知，表示“从那个男人那里我得到的消息”，所以用介词from。根据句意，故填from。 【类型五：定语从句中主谓一致微练】 1.Tom was the only one of the students who (be) admitted to the key school that year. 【答案】was 【详解】考查主谓一致、时态。句意：汤姆是那一年唯一一个被重点学校录取的学生。分析句子结构，本句使用了“the only one of +名词”结构，该结构后面的定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式，根据时间状语that year可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作，从句谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填was。 2.Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who (wear) ordinary evening dress. 【答案】wears 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：芭芭拉很容易认出来，因为她是唯一一个穿普通晚礼服的女人。分析句子可知，who引导的限制性定语从句的先行词是the only one of the women，其中含有only，谓语动词应用单数形式，结合前面的is可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，因此空处应用wears。故填wears。 3.He is the only one of the students who (have) passed the exam. 【答案】has 【详解】考查主谓一致、时态。句意：他是学生中唯一通过了考试的人。由who引导的定语从句中先行词是the only one，为单数形式，关系代词在从句中作主语，根据主句时态，以及空后的passed，从句用现在完成时，助动词为has，故填has。 4.Anyone who (want) to see the film should put up your hands. 【答案】wants 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：任何想看电影的人都应该举手。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，句子为“who”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为“Anyone”，“who”代指“Anyone”，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，“want”的三单形式为“wants”。故填wants。 5.Music is a sweet language to show love to those who love us and those who (love) by us. 【答案】are loved 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：音乐是向爱我们的人和被我们爱的人示爱的甜蜜的语言。设空处在定语从句中作谓语；根据本空的上下语境可知，此处应用一般现在时；根据空后by us可知，此处指“被我们爱的人”，应用被动语态，关系代词who指代先行词those作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填are loved。 【类型六：定语从句与读后续写微练】 1. (2023新高考I卷)我永远不会忘记这段经历，它将永远是我一生中最珍贵的回忆之一。 1. I will never forget this experience, which will always be one of the most precious memories of my life. 2. (2023新高考I卷)我感谢我的老师，他的鼓励和支持让我发现了自己的潜能。 2. I am grateful to my teacher, whose encouragement and support helped me discover my potential. 3. (2023浙江1月卷)我忍不住赶回了那座废弃的房子，它不小心飞了进来，被困在那里，无助而绝望。 3. I couldn’t help hurrying back to the deserted house where it accidentally flew in and was trapped , helpless and desperate. 4. (2022新高考I卷)大卫又恢复了他一贯的笑容，这给我留下了深刻的印象。 4. David’s usual toothy smile came back again, which left a deep impression on me. 5. (2021新高考I卷)妈妈咬了一口三明治，大声说这是她吃过的最好的三明治。 5. Mother bit into a sandwich and exclaimed it was the best sandwich she had ever tasted. 【类型七：语法填空语篇训练】四川成立大熊猫学院 （湖北省重点高中2024-2025学年高二12月联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first Giant Panda College, jointly established by the Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Administration and China West Normal University (CWNU) in Sichuan in 2024, planned to admit 50 undergraduates 1 (major) in Wildlife and Nature Reserve Management. The giant panda is always thought to be “flagship species” in global biodiversity conservation efforts. It stands 2 a “living fossil (化石)” within the animal kingdom, enjoying adoration from people around the world. Since its origination, the Giant Panda College has aimed for innovation in its curriculum. It integrates subjects such as zoology and botany and offers 3 (tailor) courses like Advances in Giant Panda Conservation Biology. In the next four years, the newly admitted students 4 (receive) training that covers both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, 5 goal is to prepare these students to become key 6 (contributor) to the construction of ecological civilization in the future. CWNU, selected 7 (house) the Giant Panda College due to its early and enduring involvement in giant panda ecology research, has 8 longstanding focus on the ecological protection of rare wild animals and resources in southwest China’s mountains. CWNU is the earliest and most 9 (influence) university to conduct research in the field of wild giant panda ecology. The Sichuan education authority expressed the hope 10 the college will continue to cultivate all-round talents to contribute to policy research, ecological protection and international cooperation and exchange within giant panda national parks. 【答案】 1.majoring 2.as 3.tailored 4.will receive 5.whose 6.contributors 7.to house 8.a 9.influential 10.that 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了四川西华师范大学和四川政府联合创办的大熊猫学院的现状和意义。 1.考查非谓语动词。句意：2024年，由四川省林业和草原局与西华师范大学（CWNU）在四川联合创办的首所大熊猫学院计划招收50名野生动物与自然保护区管理专业本科生。分析句子可知，设空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词undergraduates，且major与undergraduates之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以应用现在分词majoring。故填majoring。 2.考查介词。句意：它在动物界中堪称“活化石”，受到全世界人们的喜爱。stand as为固定搭配，意为“作为，充当”。故填as。 3.考查形容词。句意：它融合了动物学、植物学等学科，并提供了如《大熊猫保护生物学进展》等定制课程。设空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词courses，tailor的形容词为tailored意为“定制的”。故填tailored。 4.考查动词时态。句意：在接下来的四年里，新入学的学生将接受涵盖理论知识和实践技能的培训，其目标是让这些学生为将来成为生态文明建设的重要贡献者做好准备。设空处需填谓语动词，根据时间状语in the next four years可知，此处应用一般将来时will do。故填will receive。 5.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为training，指物，在从句中作定语，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 6.考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，根据上文these students可知，此处应用复数形式。故填contributors。 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：西华师范大学因其早期并持续参与大熊猫生态研究而被选为大熊猫学院的所在地，该校长期以来一直专注于中国西南部山区珍稀野生动物和资源的生态保护。select sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为“挑选某人做某事”，此处为其被动语态形式sb be selected to do sth，空处需填动词不定式。故填to house。 8.考查冠词。句意同上。focus为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且longstanding发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 9.考查形容词。句意：西华师范大学是最早且最具影响力的在野生大熊猫生态领域开展研究的大学。设空处需填形容词作定语修饰名词university，influence的形容词为influential，意为“有影响力的”。故填influential。 10.考查同位语从句。句意：四川省教育部门表示，希望该学院能够继续培养全方位的人才，为大熊猫国家公园的政策研究、生态保护以及国际合作与交流做出贡献。设空处需填连接词引导同位语从句，对名词hope的内容进行解释说明，从句成分完整，意义完整，所以应用连接词that引导。故填that。 ( 5 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$